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Gerenios-AADInternals/AccessToken_utils.ps1
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Jason Juntunen 9a061abacb fix: Autodiscover User-Agent 
Reverts the change made in v0.9.4 to resolve https://github.com/Gerenios/AADInternals/issues/114

Microsoft appears to have changed GetFederationInformation 
behavior in response to requests without "AutodiscoverClient" in the User-Agent header. If this string is missing, the response will contain only one domain and throw errors.

In case it is preferred to keep the AADInternals fingerprint on requests, testing also succeeded with:
`"AutodiscoverClient $(Get-UserAgent)"`
2025-06-26 20:52:02 -05:00

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# This script contains functions for handling access tokens
# and some utility functions
# VARIABLES
# Unix epoch time (1.1.1970)
$epoch = Get-Date -Day 1 -Month 1 -Year 1970 -Hour 0 -Minute 0 -Second 0 -Millisecond 0
# FOCI client ids
# Ref: https://github.com/secureworks/family-of-client-ids-research/blob/main/known-foci-clients.csv
$FOCIs = @{
"00b41c95-dab0-4487-9791-b9d2c32c80f2" = "Office 365 Management"
"04b07795-8ddb-461a-bbee-02f9e1bf7b46" = "Microsoft Azure CLI"
"1950a258-227b-4e31-a9cf-717495945fc2" = "Microsoft Azure PowerShell"
"1fec8e78-bce4-4aaf-ab1b-5451cc387264" = "Microsoft Teams"
"26a7ee05-5602-4d76-a7ba-eae8b7b67941" = "Windows Search"
"27922004-5251-4030-b22d-91ecd9a37ea4" = "Outlook Mobile"
"4813382a-8fa7-425e-ab75-3b753aab3abb" = "Microsoft Authenticator App"
"ab9b8c07-8f02-4f72-87fa-80105867a763" = "OneDrive SyncEngine"
"d3590ed6-52b3-4102-aeff-aad2292ab01c" = "Microsoft Office"
"872cd9fa-d31f-45e0-9eab-6e460a02d1f1" = "Visual Studio"
"af124e86-4e96-495a-b70a-90f90ab96707" = "OneDrive iOS App"
"2d7f3606-b07d-41d1-b9d2-0d0c9296a6e8" = "Microsoft Bing Search for Microsoft Edge"
"844cca35-0656-46ce-b636-13f48b0eecbd" = "Microsoft Stream Mobile Native"
"87749df4-7ccf-48f8-aa87-704bad0e0e16" = "Microsoft Teams - Device Admin Agent"
"cf36b471-5b44-428c-9ce7-313bf84528de" = "Microsoft Bing Search"
"0ec893e0-5785-4de6-99da-4ed124e5296c" = "Office UWP PWA"
"22098786-6e16-43cc-a27d-191a01a1e3b5" = "Microsoft To-Do client"
"4e291c71-d680-4d0e-9640-0a3358e31177" = "PowerApps"
"57336123-6e14-4acc-8dcf-287b6088aa28" = "Microsoft Whiteboard Client"
"57fcbcfa-7cee-4eb1-8b25-12d2030b4ee0" = "Microsoft Flow"
"66375f6b-983f-4c2c-9701-d680650f588f" = "Microsoft Planner"
"9ba1a5c7-f17a-4de9-a1f1-6178c8d51223" = "Microsoft Intune Company Portal"
"a40d7d7d-59aa-447e-a655-679a4107e548" = "Accounts Control UI"
"a569458c-7f2b-45cb-bab9-b7dee514d112" = "Yammer iPhone"
"b26aadf8-566f-4478-926f-589f601d9c74" = "OneDrive"
"c0d2a505-13b8-4ae0-aa9e-cddd5eab0b12" = "Microsoft Power BI"
"d326c1ce-6cc6-4de2-bebc-4591e5e13ef0" = "SharePoint"
"e9c51622-460d-4d3d-952d-966a5b1da34c" = "Microsoft Edge"
"eb539595-3fe1-474e-9c1d-feb3625d1be5" = "Microsoft Tunnel"
"ecd6b820-32c2-49b6-98a6-444530e5a77a" = "Microsoft Edge"
"f05ff7c9-f75a-4acd-a3b5-f4b6a870245d" = "SharePoint Android"
"f44b1140-bc5e-48c6-8dc0-5cf5a53c0e34" = "Microsoft Edge"
"be1918be-3fe3-4be9-b32b-b542fc27f02e" = "M365 Compliance Drive Client"
"cab96880-db5b-4e15-90a7-f3f1d62ffe39" = "Microsoft Defender Platform"
"d7b530a4-7680-4c23-a8bf-c52c121d2e87" = "Microsoft Edge Enterprise New Tab Page"
"dd47d17a-3194-4d86-bfd5-c6ae6f5651e3" = "Microsoft Defender for Mobile"
"e9b154d0-7658-433b-bb25-6b8e0a8a7c59" = "Outlook Lite"
}
# Resource ids
$RESIDs = @{
"00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000" = "https://graph.microsoft.com"
}
# Stored tokens (access & refresh)
$tokens=@{}
$refresh_tokens=@{}
## UTILITY FUNCTIONS FOR API COMMUNICATIONS
# Return user's login information
function Get-LoginInformation
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Returns authentication information of the given user or domain
.DESCRIPTION
Returns authentication of the given user or domain
.Example
Get-AADIntLoginInformation -Domain outlook.com
Tenant Banner Logo :
Authentication Url : https://login.live.com/login.srf?username=nn%40outlook.com&wa=wsignin1.0&wtrealm=urn%3afederation%3aMicrosoftOnline&wctx=
Pref Credential : 6
Federation Protocol : WSTrust
Throttle Status : 0
Cloud Instance : microsoftonline.com
Federation Brand Name : MSA Realms
Domain Name : live.com
Federation Metadata Url : https://nexus.passport.com/FederationMetadata/2007-06/FederationMetadata.xml
Tenant Banner Illustration :
Consumer Domain : True
State : 3
Federation Active Authentication Url : https://login.live.com/rst2.srf
User State : 2
Account Type : Federated
Tenant Locale :
Domain Type : 2
Exists : 5
Has Password : True
Cloud Instance audience urn : urn:federation:MicrosoftOnline
Federation Global Version : -1
.Example
Get-AADIntLoginInformation -UserName someone@company.com
Tenant Banner Logo : https://secure.aadcdn.microsoftonline-p.com/c1c6b6c8-okmfqodscgr7krbq5-p48zooi4b7m9g2zcpryoikta/logintenantbranding/0/bannerlogo?ts=635912486993671038
Authentication Url :
Pref Credential : 1
Federation Protocol :
Throttle Status : 1
Cloud Instance : microsoftonline.com
Federation Brand Name : Company Ltd
Domain Name : company.com
Federation Metadata Url :
Tenant Banner Illustration :
Consumer Domain :
State : 4
Federation Active Authentication Url :
User State : 1
Account Type : Managed
Tenant Locale : 0
Domain Type : 3
Exists : 0
Has Password : True
Cloud Instance audience urn : urn:federation:MicrosoftOnline
Desktop Sso Enabled : True
Federation Global Version :
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='Domain',Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Domain,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='User',Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$UserName
)
Process
{
if([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($UserName))
{
$isDomain = $true
$UserName = "nn@$Domain"
}
$subScope = Get-TenantSubscope -Domain $UserName.Split("@")[1]
# Gather login information using different APIs
$realm1=Get-UserRealm -UserName $UserName -SubScope $subScope # common/userrealm API 1.0
$realm2=Get-UserRealmExtended -UserName $UserName -SubScope $subScope # common/userrealm API 2.0
$realm3=Get-UserRealmV2 -UserName $UserName -SubScope $subScope # GetUserRealm.srf (used in the old Office 365 login experience)
$realm4=Get-CredentialType -UserName $UserName -SubScope $subScope # common/GetCredentialType (used in the "new" Office 365 login experience)
# Create a return object
$attributes = @{
"Account Type" = $realm1.account_type # Managed or federated
"Domain Name" = $realm1.domain_name
"Cloud Instance" = $realm1.cloud_instance_name
"Cloud Instance audience urn" = $realm1.cloud_audience_urn
"Federation Brand Name" = $realm2.FederationBrandName
"Tenant Locale" = $realm2.TenantBrandingInfo.Locale
"Tenant Banner Logo" = $realm2.TenantBrandingInfo.BannerLogo
"Tenant Banner Illustration" = $realm2.TenantBrandingInfo.Illustration
"State" = $realm3.State
"User State" = $realm3.UserState
"Exists" = $realm4.IfExistsResult
"Throttle Status" = $realm4.ThrottleStatus
"Pref Credential" = $realm4.Credentials.PrefCredential
"Has Password" = $realm4.Credentials.HasPassword
"Domain Type" = $realm4.EstsProperties.DomainType
"Federation Protocol" = $realm1.federation_protocol
"Federation Metadata Url" = $realm1.federation_metadata_url
"Federation Active Authentication Url" = $realm1.federation_active_auth_url
"Authentication Url" = $realm2.AuthUrl
"Consumer Domain" = $realm2.ConsumerDomain
"Federation Global Version" = $realm3.FederationGlobalVersion
"Desktop Sso Enabled" = $realm4.EstsProperties.DesktopSsoEnabled
}
# Return
return New-Object psobject -Property $attributes
}
}
# Return user's authentication realm from common/userrealm using API 1.0
function Get-UserRealm
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Returns authentication realm of the given user
.DESCRIPTION
Returns authentication realm of the given user using common/userrealm API 1.0
.Example
Get-AADIntUserRealm -UserName "user@company.com"
ver : 1.0
account_type : Managed
domain_name : company.com
cloud_instance_name : microsoftonline.com
cloud_audience_urn : urn:federation:MicrosoftOnline
.Example
Get-AADIntUserRealm -UserName "user@company.com"
ver : 1.0
account_type : Federated
domain_name : company.com
federation_protocol : WSTrust
federation_metadata_url : https://sts.company.com/adfs/services/trust/mex
federation_active_auth_url : https://sts.company.com/adfs/services/trust/2005/usernamemixed
cloud_instance_name : microsoftonline.com
cloud_audience_urn : urn:federation:MicrosoftOnline
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$UserName,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WebRequestSession]$webSession,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$SubScope
)
Process
{
# Call the API
$userRealm=Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri ("$(Get-TenantLoginUrl -SubScope $SubScope)/common/userrealm/$UserName"+"?api-version=1.0") -WebSession $webSession -Headers @{"User-agent" = Get-UserAgent}
# Verbose
Write-Verbose "USER REALM $($userRealm | Out-String)"
# Return
$userRealm
}
}
# Return user's authentication realm from common/userrealm using API 2.0
function Get-UserRealmExtended
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Returns authentication realm of the given user
.DESCRIPTION
Returns authentication realm of the given user using common/userrealm API 2.0
.Example
Get-AADIntUserRealmExtended -UserName "user@company.com"
NameSpaceType : Managed
Login : user@company.com
DomainName : company.com
FederationBrandName : Company Ltd
TenantBrandingInfo : {@{Locale=0; BannerLogo=https://secure.aadcdn.microsoftonline-p.com/xxx/logintenantbranding/0/bannerlogo?
ts=111; TileLogo=https://secure.aadcdn.microsoftonline-p.com/xxx/logintenantbranding/0/til
elogo?ts=112; BackgroundColor=#FFFFFF; BoilerPlateText=From here
you can sign-in to Company Ltd services; UserIdLabel=firstname.lastname@company.com;
KeepMeSignedInDisabled=False}}
cloud_instance_name : microsoftonline.com
.Example
Get-AADIntUserRealmExtended -UserName "user@company.com"
NameSpaceType : Federated
federation_protocol : WSTrust
Login : user@company.com
AuthURL : https://sts.company.com/adfs/ls/?username=user%40company.com&wa=wsignin1.
0&wtrealm=urn%3afederation%3aMicrosoftOnline&wctx=
DomainName : company.com
FederationBrandName : Company Ltd
TenantBrandingInfo :
cloud_instance_name : microsoftonline.com
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$UserName,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$SubScope
)
Process
{
# Call the API
$userRealm=Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri ("$(Get-TenantLoginUrl -SubScope $SubScope)/common/userrealm/$UserName"+"?api-version=2.0") -Headers @{"User-agent" = Get-UserAgent}
# Verbose
Write-Verbose "USER REALM $($userRealm | Out-String)"
# Return
$userRealm
}
}
# Return user's authentication realm from GetUserRealm.srf (used in the old Office 365 login experience)
function Get-UserRealmV2
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Returns authentication realm of the given user
.DESCRIPTION
Returns authentication realm of the given user using GetUserRealm.srf (used in the old Office 365 login experience)
.Example
Get-AADIntUserRealmV3 -UserName "user@company.com"
State : 4
UserState : 1
Login : user@company.com
NameSpaceType : Managed
DomainName : company.com
FederationBrandName : Company Ltd
CloudInstanceName : microsoftonline.com
.Example
Get-AADIntUserRealmV2 -UserName "user@company.com"
State : 3
UserState : 2
Login : user@company.com
NameSpaceType : Federated
DomainName : company.com
FederationGlobalVersion : -1
AuthURL : https://sts.company.com/adfs/ls/?username=user%40company.com&wa=wsignin1.
0&wtrealm=urn%3afederation%3aMicrosoftOnline&wctx=
FederationBrandName : Company Ltd
CloudInstanceName : microsoftonline.com
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$UserName,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$SubScope
)
Process
{
# Call the API
$userRealm=Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri ("$(Get-TenantLoginUrl -SubScope $SubScope)/GetUserRealm.srf?login=$UserName") -Headers @{"User-agent" = Get-UserAgent}
# Verbose
Write-Verbose "USER REALM: $($userRealm | Out-String)"
# Return
$userRealm
}
}
# Return user's authentication type information from common/GetCredentialType
function Get-CredentialType
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Returns authentication information of the given user
.DESCRIPTION
Returns authentication of the given user using common/GetCredentialType (used in the "new" Office 365 login experience)
.Example
Get-AADIntUserRealmExtended -UserName "user@company.com"
Username : user@company.com
Display : user@company.com
IfExistsResult : 0
ThrottleStatus : 1
Credentials : @{PrefCredential=1; HasPassword=True; RemoteNgcParams=; FidoParams=; SasParams=}
EstsProperties : @{UserTenantBranding=System.Object[]; DomainType=3}
FlowToken :
apiCanary : AQABAAA..A
NameSpaceType : Managed
Login : user@company.com
DomainName : company.com
FederationBrandName : Company Ltd
TenantBrandingInfo : {@{Locale=0; BannerLogo=https://secure.aadcdn.microsoftonline-p.com/xxx/logintenantbranding/0/bannerlogo?
ts=111; TileLogo=https://secure.aadcdn.microsoftonline-p.com/xxx/logintenantbranding/0/til
elogo?ts=112; BackgroundColor=#FFFFFF; BoilerPlateText=From here
you can sign-in to Company Ltd services; UserIdLabel=firstname.lastname@company.com;
KeepMeSignedInDisabled=False}}
cloud_instance_name : microsoftonline.com
.Example
Get-AADIntUserRealmExtended -UserName "user@company.com"
Username : user@company.com
Display : user@company.com
IfExistsResult : 0
ThrottleStatus : 1
Credentials : @{PrefCredential=4; HasPassword=True; RemoteNgcParams=; FidoParams=; SasParams=; FederationRed
irectUrl=https://sts.company.com/adfs/ls/?username=user%40company.com&wa=wsignin1.0&wtreal
m=urn%3afederation%3aMicrosoftOnline&wctx=}
EstsProperties : @{UserTenantBranding=; DomainType=4}
FlowToken :
apiCanary : AQABAAA..A
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$UserName,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$FlowToken,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$OriginalRequest,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WebRequestSession]$webSession,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$SubScope
)
Process
{
# Create a body for REST API request
$body = @{
"username"=$UserName
"isOtherIdpSupported" = $true
"checkPhones" = $true
"isRemoteNGCSupported" = $true
"isCookieBannerShown" = $false
"isFidoSupported" = $true
"isAccessPassSupported" = $true
"originalRequest" = $OriginalRequest
"flowToken" = $FlowToken
}
# TAP support can only be requested if originalRequest is provided. Otherwise we'll get error code 6000.
if(![string]::IsNullOrEmpty($OriginalRequest))
{
$body["isAccessPassSupported"] = $true
}
# Call the API
$userRealm=Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri ("$(Get-TenantLoginUrl -SubScope $SubScope)/common/GetCredentialType") -ContentType "application/json; charset=UTF-8" -Method POST -Body ($body|ConvertTo-Json) -WebSession $webSession -Headers @{"User-agent" = Get-UserAgent}
# Verbose & Debug
Write-Verbose "CREDENTIAL TYPE: Exist=$($userRealm.IfExistsResult), Federated=$(![string]::IsNullOrEmpty($userRealm.Credentials.FederationRedirectUrl))"
Write-Debug "CREDENTIAL TYPE: $($userRealm | Out-String)"
# Return
$userRealm
}
}
# Return OpenID configuration for the domain
# Mar 21 2019
function Get-OpenIDConfiguration
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Returns OpenID configuration of the given domain or user
.DESCRIPTION
Returns OpenID configuration of the given domain or user
.Example
Get-AADIntOpenIDConfiguration -UserName "user@company.com"
.Example
Get-AADIntOpenIDConfiguration -Domain company.com
authorization_endpoint : https://login.microsoftonline.com/5b62a25d-60c6-40e6-aace-8a43e8b8ba4a/oauth2/authorize
token_endpoint : https://login.microsoftonline.com/5b62a25d-60c6-40e6-aace-8a43e8b8ba4a/oauth2/token
token_endpoint_auth_methods_supported : {client_secret_post, private_key_jwt, client_secret_basic}
jwks_uri : https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/discovery/keys
response_modes_supported : {query, fragment, form_post}
subject_types_supported : {pairwise}
id_token_signing_alg_values_supported : {RS256}
http_logout_supported : True
frontchannel_logout_supported : True
end_session_endpoint : https://login.microsoftonline.com/5b62a25d-60c6-40e6-aace-8a43e8b8ba4a/oauth2/logout
response_types_supported : {code, id_token, code id_token, token id_token...}
scopes_supported : {openid}
issuer : https://sts.windows.net/5b62a25d-60c6-40e6-aace-8a43e8b8ba4a/
claims_supported : {sub, iss, cloud_instance_name, cloud_instance_host_name...}
microsoft_multi_refresh_token : True
check_session_iframe : https://login.microsoftonline.com/5b62a25d-60c6-40e6-aace-8a43e8b8ba4a/oauth2/checkses
sion
userinfo_endpoint : https://login.microsoftonline.com/5b62a25d-60c6-40e6-aace-8a43e8b8ba4a/openid/userinfo
tenant_region_scope : EU
cloud_instance_name : microsoftonline.com
cloud_graph_host_name : graph.windows.net
msgraph_host : graph.microsoft.com
rbac_url : https://pas.windows.net
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='Domain',Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Domain,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='User',Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$UserName
)
Process
{
if([String]::IsNullOrEmpty($Domain))
{
$Domain = $UserName.Split("@")[1]
}
# Call the API
$openIdConfig=Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri "https://login.microsoftonline.com/$domain/.well-known/openid-configuration" -Headers @{"User-agent" = Get-UserAgent}
# Return
$openIdConfig
}
}
# Get the tenant ID for the given user/domain/accesstoken
function Get-TenantID
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Returns TenantID of the given domain, user, or AccessToken
.DESCRIPTION
Returns TenantID of the given domain, user, or AccessToken
.Example
Get-AADIntTenantID -UserName "user@company.com"
.Example
Get-AADIntTenantID -Domain company.com
.Example
Get-AADIntTenantID -AccessToken $at
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='Domain',Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Domain,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='User',Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$UserName,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='AccessToken', Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$AccessToken
)
Process
{
if([String]::IsNullOrEmpty($AccessToken))
{
if([String]::IsNullOrEmpty($Domain))
{
$Domain = $UserName.Split("@")[1]
}
Try
{
$TenantId = (Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri "https://odc.officeapps.live.com/odc/v2.1/federationprovider?domain=$domain" -Headers @{"User-agent" = Get-UserAgent}).TenantId
}
catch
{
return $null
}
}
else
{
$TenantId=(Read-Accesstoken($AccessToken)).tid
}
# Return
$TenantId
}
}
# Check if the access token has expired
function Is-AccessTokenExpired
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$AccessToken
)
Process
{
# Read the token
$token = Read-Accesstoken($AccessToken)
$now=(Get-Date).ToUniversalTime()
# Get the expiration time
$exp=$epoch.Date.AddSeconds($token.exp)
# Compare and return
$retVal = $now -ge $exp
return $retVal
}
}
# Check if the access token signature is valid
# May 20th 2020
function Is-AccessTokenValid
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$AccessToken
)
Process
{
# Token sections
$sections = $AccessToken.Split(".")
$header = $sections[0]
$payload = $sections[1]
$signature = $sections[2]
$signatureValid = $false
# Fill the header with padding for Base 64 decoding
while ($header.Length % 4)
{
$header += "="
}
# Convert the token to string and json
$headerBytes=[System.Convert]::FromBase64String($header)
$headerArray=[System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetString($headerBytes)
$headerObj=$headerArray | ConvertFrom-Json
# Get the signing key
$KeyId=$headerObj.kid
Write-Debug "PARSED TOKEN HEADER: $($headerObj | Format-List | Out-String)"
# The algorithm should be RSA with SHA-256, i.e. RS256
if($headerObj.alg -eq "RS256")
{
# Get the public certificate
$publicCert = Get-APIKeys -KeyId $KeyId
Write-Debug "TOKEN SIGNING CERT: $publicCert"
$certBin=[convert]::FromBase64String($publicCert)
# Construct the JWT data to be verified
$dataToVerify="{0}.{1}" -f $header,$payload
$dataBin = [text.encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($dataToVerify)
$signBytes = Convert-B64ToByteArray -B64 $signature
# Extract the modulus and exponent from the certificate
for($a=0;$a -lt $certBin.Length ; $a++)
{
# Read the bytes
$byte = $certBin[$a]
$nByte = $certBin[$a+1]
# We are only interested in 0x02 tag where our modulus is hidden..
if($byte -eq 0x02 -and $nByte -band 0x80)
{
$a++
if($nbyte -band 0x02)
{
$byteCount = [System.BitConverter]::ToInt16($certBin[$($a+2)..$($a+1)],0)
$a+=3
}
elseif($nbyte -band 0x01)
{
$byteCount = $certBin[$($a+1)]
$a+=2
}
# If the first byte is 0x00, skip it
if($certBin[$a] -eq 0x00)
{
$a++
$byteCount--
}
# Now we have the modulus!
$modulus = $certBin[$a..$($a+$byteCount-1)]
# Next byte value is the exponent
$a+=$byteCount
if($certBin[$a++] -eq 0x02)
{
$byteCount = $certBin[$a++]
$exponent = $certBin[$a..$($a+$byteCount-1)]
Write-Debug "MODULUS: $(Convert-ByteArrayToHex -Bytes $modulus)"
Write-Debug "EXPONENT: $(Convert-ByteArrayToHex -Bytes $exponent)"
break
}
else
{
Write-Debug "Error getting modulus and exponent"
}
}
}
if($exponent -and $modulus)
{
# Create the RSA and other required objects
$rsa = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider
$rsaParameters = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.RSAParameters
# Set the verification parameters
$rsaParameters.Exponent = $exponent
$rsaparameters.Modulus = $modulus
$rsa.ImportParameters($rsaParameters)
$signatureValid = $rsa.VerifyData($dataBin, $signBytes,[System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName]::SHA256, [System.Security.Cryptography.RSASignaturePadding]::Pkcs1)
$rsa.Dispose()
}
}
else
{
Write-Error "Access Token signature algorithm $($headerObj.alg) not supported!"
}
return $signatureValid
}
}
# Gets OAuth information using SAML token
function Get-OAuthInfoUsingSAML
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$SAMLToken,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Resource,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$ClientId="1b730954-1685-4b74-9bfd-dac224a7b894",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[bool]$CAE
)
Begin
{
# Create the headers. We like to be seen as Outlook.
$headers = @{
"User-Agent" = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; Tablet PC 2.0; Microsoft Outlook 16.0.4266)"
}
}
Process
{
$encodedSamlToken= [Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($SAMLToken))
# Debug
Write-Debug "SAML TOKEN: $samlToken"
Write-Debug "ENCODED SAML TOKEN: $encodedSamlToken"
# Create a body for API request
$body = @{
"resource"=$Resource
"client_id"=$ClientId
"grant_type"="urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:saml1_1-bearer"
"assertion"=$encodedSamlToken
"scope"="openid"
}
# Set Continuous Access Evaluation (CAE) token claims
if($CAE)
{
$body["claims"] = Get-CAEClaims
}
# Debug
Write-Debug "FED AUTHENTICATION BODY: $($body | Out-String)"
# Set the content type and call the Microsoft Online authentication API
$contentType="application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
try
{
$jsonResponse=Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/token" -ContentType $contentType -Method POST -Body $body -Headers $headers
}
catch
{
Throw ($_.ErrorDetails.Message | convertfrom-json).error_description
}
return $jsonResponse
}
}
# Prompts for credentials and gets the access token
# Supports MFA.
function Prompt-Credentials
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$Resource,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$ClientId,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Tenant,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[bool]$ForceMFA=$false,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[bool]$ForceNGCMFA=$false,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$RefreshTokenCredential,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$Credentials,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$OTPSecretKey,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$TAP,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$RedirectURI,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$SubScope,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$ESTSAUTH,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[bool]$CAE
)
Process
{
# Set AMR values as needed
$amr = $null
if($ForceMFA)
{
$amr = "mfa"
}
elseif($ForceNGCMFA)
{
$amr = "ngcmfa"
}
# If we have credentials, try first using ROPC flow
$response = $null
if($Credentials -and [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($amr) -and [string]::IsNullOrEmpty((Get-CredentialType -UserName $Credentials.UserName).Credentials.FederationRedirectUrl))
{
Write-Verbose "Domain not federated, credentials provided, and no MFA enforced. Trying ROPC flow."
# Create a body for REST API request
$body = @{
"resource"=$Resource
"client_id"=$ClientId
"grant_type"="password"
"username"=$Credentials.UserName
"password"=$Credentials.GetNetworkCredential().Password
"scope"="openid"
}
# Set Continuous Access Evaluation (CAE) token claims
if($CAE)
{
$body["claims"] = Get-CAEClaims
}
# Debug
Write-Debug "AUTHENTICATION BODY: $($body | Out-String)"
# Set the content type and call the Microsoft Online authentication API
# Headers
$headers = @{
"Content-Type" = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
"User-Agent" = Get-UserAgent
}
try
{
$response=Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri "https://login.microsoftonline.com/$tenant/oauth2/token" -Method POST -Body $body -Headers $headers
}
catch
{
Write-Verbose "ROPC failed, switching to interactive flow: $(($_.ErrorDetails.Message | convertfrom-json).error_description)"
}
}
if($null -eq $response)
{
# Check the tenant
if([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Tenant))
{
$Tenant = "common"
}
# Get the authorization code
$authorizationCode = Get-AuthorizationCode -Resource $Resource -ClientId $ClientId -Tenant $Tenant -AMR $amr -RefreshTokenCredential $RefreshTokenCredential -Credentials $Credentials -OTPSecretKey $OTPSecretKey -TAP $TAP -RedirectURI $RedirectURI -SubScope $SubScope -ESTSAUTH $ESTSAUTH
if($authorizationCode)
{
if([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($RedirectURI))
{
$RedirectURI = Get-AuthRedirectUrl -ClientId $ClientId -Resource $Resource
}
# Construct the body for auth code grant
$body = @{
client_id = $ClientId
grant_type = "authorization_code"
code = $authorizationCode
redirect_uri = $RedirectURI
}
# Set Continuous Access Evaluation (CAE) token claims
if($CAE)
{
$body["claims"] = Get-CAEClaims
}
# Headers
$headers = @{
"Content-Type" = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
"User-Agent" = Get-UserAgent
}
$response = Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri "$(Get-TenantLoginUrl -SubScope $SubScope)/$Tenant/oauth2/token" -Method POST -Body $body -Headers $headers
}
}
# return
return $response
}
}
## GENERAL ADMIN API FUNCTIONS
# Gets Office 365 instance names (used when getting ip addresses)
function Get-EndpointInstances
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Get Office 365 endpoint instances
.DESCRIPTION
Get Office 365 endpoint instances
.Example
PS C:\>Get-AADIntEndpointInstances
instance latest
-------- ------
Worldwide 2018100100
USGovDoD 2018100100
USGovGCCHigh 2018100100
China 2018100100
Germany 2018100100
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param()
Process
{
$clientrequestid=(New-Guid).ToString();
Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri "https://endpoints.office.com/version?clientrequestid=$clientrequestid"
}
}
# Gets Office 365 ip addresses for specific instance
function Get-EndpointIps
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Get Office 365 endpoint ips and urls
.DESCRIPTION
Get Office 365 endpoint ips and urls
.Parameter Instance
The instance which ips and urls are returned. Defaults to WorldWide.
.Example
PS C:\>Get-AADIntEndpointIps
id : 1
serviceArea : Exchange
serviceAreaDisplayName : Exchange Online
urls : {outlook.office.com, outlook.office365.com}
ips : {13.107.6.152/31, 13.107.9.152/31, 13.107.18.10/31, 13.107.19.10/31...}
tcpPorts : 80,443
expressRoute : True
category : Optimize
required : True
id : 2
serviceArea : Exchange
serviceAreaDisplayName : Exchange Online
urls : {smtp.office365.com}
ips : {13.107.6.152/31, 13.107.9.152/31, 13.107.18.10/31, 13.107.19.10/31...}
tcpPorts : 587
expressRoute : True
category : Allow
required : True
.Example
PS C:\>Get-AADIntEndpointIps -Instance Germany
id : 1
serviceArea : Exchange
serviceAreaDisplayName : Exchange Online
urls : {outlook.office.de}
ips : {51.4.64.0/23, 51.5.64.0/23}
tcpPorts : 80,443
expressRoute : False
category : Optimize
required : True
id : 2
serviceArea : Exchange
serviceAreaDisplayName : Exchange Online
urls : {r1.res.office365.com}
tcpPorts : 80,443
expressRoute : False
category : Default
required : True
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter()]
[ValidateSet('Worldwide','USGovDoD','USGovGCCHigh','China','Germany')]
[String]$Instance="Worldwide"
)
Process
{
$clientrequestid=(New-Guid).ToString();
Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri ("https://endpoints.office.com/endpoints/$Instance"+"?clientrequestid=$clientrequestid")
}
}
# Gets username from authorization header
# Apr 4th 2019
function Get-UserNameFromAuthHeader
{
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Auth
)
Process
{
$type = $Auth.Split(" ")[0]
$data = $Auth.Split(" ")[1]
if($type -eq "Basic")
{
([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString([System.Convert]::FromBase64String($data))).Split(":")[0]
}
else
{
(Read-Accesstoken -AccessToken $data).upn
}
}
}
# Creates authorization header from Credentials or AccessToken
# Apr 4th 2019
function Create-AuthorizationHeader
{
Param(
[Parameter()]
[System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$Credentials,
[Parameter()]
[String]$AccessToken,
[Parameter()]
[String]$Resource,
[Parameter()]
[String]$ClientId
)
Process
{
if($Credentials -ne $null)
{
$userName = $Credentials.UserName
$password = $Credentials.GetNetworkCredential().Password
$auth = "Basic $([Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes("$($userName):$($password)")))"
}
else
{
# Get from cache if not provided
$AccessToken = Get-AccessTokenFromCache -AccessToken $AccessToken -Resource $Resource -ClientId $ClientId
$auth = "Bearer $AccessToken"
}
return $auth
}
}
# Gets Microsoft online services' public keys
# May 18th 2020
function Get-APIKeys
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter()]
[String]$KeyId
)
Process
{
$keys=Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/discovery/keys"
if($KeyId)
{
$keys.keys | Where-Object -Property kid -eq $KeyId | Select-Object -ExpandProperty x5c
}
else
{
$keys.keys
}
}
}
# Gets the AADInt credentials cache
# Jun 14th 2020
function Get-Cache
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Dumps AADInternals credentials cache
.DESCRIPTION
Dumps AADInternals credentials cache
.EXAMPLE
Get-AADIntCache | Format-Table
Name ClientId Audience Tenant IsExpired HasRefreshToken
---- -------- -------- ------ --------- ---------------
admin@company.com 1b730954-1685-4b74-9bfd-dac224a7b894 https://graph.windows.net 82205ae4-4c4e-4db5-890c-cb5e5a98d7a3 False True
admin@company.com 1b730954-1685-4b74-9bfd-dac224a7b894 https://management.core.windows.net/ 82205ae4-4c4e-4db5-890c-cb5e5a98d7a3 False True
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param()
Process
{
$cacheKeys = $script:tokens.keys
# Loop through the cache elements
foreach($key in $cacheKeys)
{
$accessToken=$script:tokens[$key]
if([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($accessToken))
{
Write-Warning "Access token with key ""$key"" not found!"
return
}
$parsedToken = Read-Accesstoken -AccessToken $accessToken
if($parsedToken.xms_mirid)
{
# Managed identity
$name = $parsedToken.xms_mirid.Substring($parsedToken.xms_mirid.LastIndexOf("/")+1)
}
else
{
$name = $parsedToken.unique_name
}
$attributes = [ordered]@{
"Name" = $name
"ClientId" = $parsedToken.appid
"Audience" = $parsedToken.aud
"Tenant" = $parsedToken.tid
"IsExpired" = Is-AccessTokenExpired -AccessToken $accessToken
"HasRefreshToken" = $script:refresh_tokens.Contains($key)
"AuthMethods" = $parsedToken.amr
"Device" = $parsedToken.deviceid
}
New-Object psobject -Property $attributes
}
}
}
# Clears the AADInt credentials cache
# Jun 14th 2020
function Clear-Cache
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Clears AADInternals credentials cache
.DESCRIPTION
Clears AADInternals credentials cache
.EXAMPLE
Clear-AADIntCache
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param()
Process
{
$script:tokens = @{}
$script:refresh_tokens = @{}
}
}
# Adds an access and refresh token to cache
# Aug 30th 2022
function Add-AccessTokenToCache
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Adds the given access token to AADInternals credentials cache
.DESCRIPTION
Adds the given access token to AADInternals credentials cache
.PARAMETER AccessToken
The access token to add
.PARAMETER RefreshToken
The refresh token to add
.EXAMPLE
Add-AADIntAccessTokenToCache -AccessToken "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV..."
Name ClientId Audience Tenant IsExpired HasRefreshToken
---- -------- -------- ------ --------- ---------------
admin@company.com 1b730954-1685-4b74-9bfd-dac224a7b894 https://graph.windows.net 82205ae4-4c4e-4db5-890c-cb5e5a98d7a3 False False
.EXAMPLE
Add-AADIntAccessTokenToCache -AccessToken "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV..." -RefreshToken "0.AXkAnZT_xZYmaEueEwVfGe..."
Name ClientId Audience Tenant IsExpired HasRefreshToken
---- -------- -------- ------ --------- ---------------
admin@company.com 1b730954-1685-4b74-9bfd-dac224a7b894 https://graph.windows.net 82205ae4-4c4e-4db5-890c-cb5e5a98d7a3 False True
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True,ValueFromPipeline)]
[String]$AccessToken,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$RefreshToken,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[boolean]$ShowCache = $true
)
Process
{
# Parse the token
$parsedToken = Read-Accesstoken -AccessToken $accessToken
$clientId = $parsedToken.appid
$resource = $parsedToken.aud.TrimEnd("/")
# Add to cache
$Script:tokens["$clientId-$resource"] = $AccessToken
if(![string]::IsNullOrEmpty($RefreshToken))
{
Add-RefreshTokenToCache -ClientId $clientId -Resource $resource -RefreshToken $RefreshToken
}
# Dump the cache
if($ShowCache)
{
Get-Cache
}
}
}
# Adds refresh token to cache
# Apr 25th 2023
function Add-RefreshTokenToCache
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$RefreshToken,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$ClientId,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Resource
)
Process
{
# Strip the trailing slash
$Resource = $Resource.TrimEnd("/")
$Script:refresh_tokens["$ClientId-$Resource"] = $RefreshToken
}
}
# Gets other domains of the given tenant
# Jun 15th 2020
function Get-TenantDomains
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Gets other domains from the tenant of the given domain
.DESCRIPTION
Uses Exchange Online autodiscover service to retrive other
domains from the tenant of the given domain.
The given domain SHOULD be Managed, federated domains are not always found for some reason.
If nothing is found, try to use <domain>.onmicrosoft.com
.Example
Get-AADIntTenantDomains -Domain company.com
company.com
company.fi
company.co.uk
company.onmicrosoft.com
company.mail.onmicrosoft.com
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Domain,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$SubScope
)
Process
{
# Get Tenant Region subscope from Open ID configuration if not provided
if([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($SubScope))
{
$SubScope = Get-TenantSubscope -Domain $Domain
}
# Use the correct url
switch($SubScope)
{
"DOD" # DoD
{
$uri = "https://autodiscover-s-dod.office365.us/autodiscover/autodiscover.svc"
}
"DODCON" # GCC-High
{
$uri = "https://autodiscover-s.office365.us/autodiscover/autodiscover.svc"
}
default # Commercial/GCC
{
$uri = "https://autodiscover-s.outlook.com/autodiscover/autodiscover.svc"
}
}
# Create the body
$body=@"
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:exm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/services/2006/messages" xmlns:ext="http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/services/2006/types" xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<soap:Header>
<a:Action soap:mustUnderstand="1">http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/2010/Autodiscover/Autodiscover/GetFederationInformation</a:Action>
<a:To soap:mustUnderstand="1">$uri</a:To>
<a:ReplyTo>
<a:Address>http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing/anonymous</a:Address>
</a:ReplyTo>
</soap:Header>
<soap:Body>
<GetFederationInformationRequestMessage xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/2010/Autodiscover">
<Request>
<Domain>$Domain</Domain>
</Request>
</GetFederationInformationRequestMessage>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
"@
# Create the headers
$headers=@{
"Content-Type" = "text/xml; charset=utf-8"
"SOAPAction" = '"http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/2010/Autodiscover/Autodiscover/GetFederationInformation"'
"User-Agent" = "AutodiscoverClient"
}
# Invoke
$response = Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Method Post -uri $uri -Body $body -Headers $headers
# Return
$domains = @($response.Envelope.body.GetFederationInformationResponseMessage.response.Domains.Domain)
if($Domain -notin $domains)
{
$domains += $Domain
}
$domains | Sort-Object
}
}
# Gets the auth_redirect url for the given client and resource
# Aug 12th 2021
function Get-AuthRedirectUrl
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$ClientId,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Resource
)
Begin
{
$oobClients = @(
"d3590ed6-52b3-4102-aeff-aad2292ab01c" # Microsoft Office
"29d9ed98-a469-4536-ade2-f981bc1d605e" # Microsoft Authentication Broker
"9ba1a5c7-f17a-4de9-a1f1-6178c8d51223" # Microsoft Intune Company Portal
)
}
Process
{
# default
$redirect_uri = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/nativeclient"
if($ClientId -eq "1fec8e78-bce4-4aaf-ab1b-5451cc387264") # Teams
{
$redirect_uri = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/nativeclient"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "9bc3ab49-b65d-410a-85ad-de819febfddc") # SPO
{
$redirect_uri = "https://oauth.spops.microsoft.com/"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "c44b4083-3bb0-49c1-b47d-974e53cbdf3c") # Azure admin interface
{
$redirect_uri = "https://portal.azure.com/signin/index/?feature.prefetchtokens=true&feature.showservicehealthalerts=true&feature.usemsallogin=true"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "0000000c-0000-0000-c000-000000000000") # Azure AD Account
{
$redirect_uri = "https://account.activedirectory.windowsazure.com/"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "19db86c3-b2b9-44cc-b339-36da233a3be2") # My sign-ins
{
$redirect_uri = "https://mysignins.microsoft.com"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "29d9ed98-a469-4536-ade2-f981bc1d605e" -and $Resource -ne "https://enrollment.manage.microsoft.com/") # Azure AD Join
{
$redirect_uri = "ms-aadj-redir://auth/drs"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "0c1307d4-29d6-4389-a11c-5cbe7f65d7fa") # Azure Android App
{
$redirect_uri = "https://azureapp"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "33be1cef-03fb-444b-8fd3-08ca1b4d803f") # OneDrive Web
{
$redirect_uri = "https://admin.onedrive.com/"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "ab9b8c07-8f02-4f72-87fa-80105867a763") # OneDrive native client
{
$redirect_uri = "https://login.windows.net/common/oauth2/nativeclient"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "3d5cffa9-04da-4657-8cab-c7f074657cad") # MS Commerce
{
$redirect_uri = "http://localhost/m365/commerce"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "4990cffe-04e8-4e8b-808a-1175604b879f") # MS Partner - this flow doesn't work as expected :(
{
$redirect_uri = "https://partner.microsoft.com/aad/authPostGateway"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "fb78d390-0c51-40cd-8e17-fdbfab77341b" -or # Microsoft Exchange REST API Based Powershell
$ClientId -eq "fdd7719f-d61e-4592-b501-793734eb8a0e" -or # SharePoint Migration Tool
$ClientId -eq "a0c73c16-a7e3-4564-9a95-2bdf47383716") # EXO PS
{
$redirect_uri = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/nativeclient"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "3b511579-5e00-46e1-a89e-a6f0870e2f5a")
{
$redirect_uri = "https://windows365.microsoft.com/signin-oidc"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "08e18876-6177-487e-b8b5-cf950c1e598c") # SharePoint Online Web Client Extensibility
{
$redirect_uri = "https://*-admin.sharepoint.com/_forms/spfxsinglesignon.aspx"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "29d9ed98-a469-4536-ade2-f981bc1d605e" -and $Resource -ne "https://enrollment.manage.microsoft.com/") # AADJoin
{
$auth_redirect="ms-aadj-redir://auth/drs"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "dd762716-544d-4aeb-a526-687b73838a22") # WHfB?
{
$redirect_uri = "ms-appx-web://microsoft.aad.brokerplugin/dd762716-544d-4aeb-a526-687b73838a22"
}
elseif($ClientId -eq "4765445b-32c6-49b0-83e6-1d93765276ca") # Office Web UI
{
$redirect_uri = "https://www.office.com/landingv2"
}
elseif($oobClients -contains $ClientId)
{
$redirect_uri = "urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob"
}
return $redirect_uri
}
}
# Gets RST token
# Mar 3rd 2023
function Get-RSTToken
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='Credentials',Mandatory=$True)]
[System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$Credentials,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='UserNameAndPassword',Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$UserName,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='UserNameAndPassword',Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$Password,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$EndpointAddress,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Url
)
Process
{
If([String]::IsNullOrEmpty($UserName))
{
$UserName = $Credentials.UserName
$Password = $Credentials.GetNetworkCredential().password
}
$requestId = (New-Guid).ToString()
$now = Get-Date
$created = $now.toUniversalTime().toString("o")
$expires = $now.addMinutes(10).toUniversalTime().toString("o")
$body=@"
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<s:Envelope xmlns:s='http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope' xmlns:wsse='http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd' xmlns:saml='urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:assertion' xmlns:wsp='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy' xmlns:wsu='http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd' xmlns:wsa='http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing' xmlns:wssc='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc' xmlns:wst='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/trust' xmlns:ic='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity'>
<s:Header>
<wsa:Action s:mustUnderstand='1'>http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/trust/RST/Issue</wsa:Action>
<wsa:To s:mustUnderstand='1'>$url</wsa:To>
<wsa:MessageID>urn:uuid:$((New-Guid).ToString())</wsa:MessageID>
<wsse:Security s:mustUnderstand="1">
<wsu:Timestamp wsu:Id="_0">
<wsu:Created>$created</wsu:Created>
<wsu:Expires>$expires</wsu:Expires>
</wsu:Timestamp>
<wsse:UsernameToken wsu:Id="uuid-$((New-Guid).toString())">
<wsse:Username>$UserName</wsse:Username>
<wsse:Password>$Password</wsse:Password>
</wsse:UsernameToken>
</wsse:Security>
</s:Header>
<s:Body>
<wst:RequestSecurityToken Id='RST0'>
<wst:RequestType>http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/trust/Issue</wst:RequestType>
<wsp:AppliesTo>
<wsa:EndpointReference>
<wsa:Address>$EndpointAddress</wsa:Address>
</wsa:EndpointReference>
</wsp:AppliesTo>
<wst:KeyType>http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/NoProofKey</wst:KeyType>
</wst:RequestSecurityToken>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
"@
try
{
$response = Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri $url -Method Post -Body $body -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
$tokenResponse = $response.Envelope.Body.RequestSecurityTokenResponse
if($tokenResponse)
{
switch($tokenResponse.TokenType)
{
# DesktopSSOToken when EndpointAddress is:
# urn:federation:MicrosoftOnline
("urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:assertion")
{
$token = $tokenResponse.RequestedSecurityToken.Assertion.DesktopSsoToken
break
}
# Passport Compact when EndpointAddress is one of:
# officeapps.live.com
# sharepoint.com
("urn:passport:compact")
{
$token = $tokenResponse.RequestedSecurityToken.BinarySecurityToken.'#text'
break
}
# Passport Legacy when EndpointAddress is:
# http://Passport.NET/tb
("urn:passport:legacy")
{
# TODO: Try to figure out how this is encrypted
$cipherData = $tokenResponse.RequestedSecurityToken.EncryptedData.CipherData.CipherData
$keyName = $tokenResponse.RequestedSecurityToken.EncryptedData.KeyInfo.KeyName
$encAlg = $tokenResponse.RequestedSecurityToken.EncryptedData.EncryptionMethod.Algorithm
Write-Warning "Unable to decrypt legacy passport token, returning encrypted token"
$token = $cipherData
break
}
}
return $token
}
else
{
$errorDetails = $response.Envelope.Body.Fault.Detail.error.internalerror.text
}
}
catch
{
$stream = $_.Exception.Response.GetResponseStream()
$responseBytes = New-Object byte[] $stream.Length
$stream.Position = 0
$stream.Read($responseBytes,0,$stream.Length) | Out-Null
$responseXml = [xml][text.encoding]::UTF8.GetString($responseBytes)
$errorDetails = $responseXml.Envelope.Body.Fault.Detail.error.internalerror.text
}
throw $errorDetails
}
}
# Checks whether the client is a FOCI clientid
# Apr 25th 2023
function IsFOCI
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[guid]$ClientId,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[int]$FOCI = -1
)
Process
{
# If FOCI = 1 this is 100% a FOCI client
# Is this a known FOCI client?
$isFOCI = $Script:FOCIs.ContainsKey($ClientId.ToString())
Write-Verbose "FOCI: Known FOCI $isFOCI, FOCI indicator $FOCI"
# Is this a new or deprecated FOCI client?
if($isFOCI -and $FOCI -eq 0)
{
# Found in FOCI list, but no FOCI indicator present
Write-Warning "Found deprecated FOCI client $ClientId. Please report at https://github.com/secureworks/family-of-client-ids-research"
$isFOCI = $False
}
elseif ($FOCI -eq 1 -and -not $isFOCI)
{
# Not found on FOCI list, but FOCI indicator present
Write-Warning "Found a new FOCI client $ClientId. Please report at https://github.com/secureworks/family-of-client-ids-research"
$Script:FOCIs[$ClientId] = "UNKNOWN"
$isFOCI = $True
}
return $isFOCI
}
}
# Lists FOCI clients
# Apr 26th 2023
function Get-FOCIClientIDs
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Dumps the list of known FOCI client ids
.DESCRIPTION
Dumps the list of Family of known Client IDs (FOCI) client ids
.Parameter Online
Get's list online from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/secureworks/family-of-client-ids-research/main/known-foci-clients.csv
.Example
PS C:\>Get-AADIntFOCIClientIDs
client_id application_name
--------- ----------------
00b41c95-dab0-4487-9791-b9d2c32c80f2 Office 365 Management
04b07795-8ddb-461a-bbee-02f9e1bf7b46 Microsoft Azure CLI
1950a258-227b-4e31-a9cf-717495945fc2 Microsoft Azure PowerShell
1fec8e78-bce4-4aaf-ab1b-5451cc387264 Microsoft Teams
26a7ee05-5602-4d76-a7ba-eae8b7b67941 Windows Search
27922004-5251-4030-b22d-91ecd9a37ea4 Outlook Mobile
4813382a-8fa7-425e-ab75-3b753aab3abb Microsoft Authenticator App
ab9b8c07-8f02-4f72-87fa-80105867a763 OneDrive SyncEngine
d3590ed6-52b3-4102-aeff-aad2292ab01c Microsoft Office
872cd9fa-d31f-45e0-9eab-6e460a02d1f1 Visual Studio
af124e86-4e96-495a-b70a-90f90ab96707 OneDrive iOS App
2d7f3606-b07d-41d1-b9d2-0d0c9296a6e8 Microsoft Bing Search for Microsoft Edge
844cca35-0656-46ce-b636-13f48b0eecbd Microsoft Stream Mobile Native
87749df4-7ccf-48f8-aa87-704bad0e0e16 Microsoft Teams - Device Admin Agent
cf36b471-5b44-428c-9ce7-313bf84528de Microsoft Bing Search
0ec893e0-5785-4de6-99da-4ed124e5296c Office UWP PWA
22098786-6e16-43cc-a27d-191a01a1e3b5 Microsoft To-Do client
4e291c71-d680-4d0e-9640-0a3358e31177 PowerApps
57336123-6e14-4acc-8dcf-287b6088aa28 Microsoft Whiteboard Client
57fcbcfa-7cee-4eb1-8b25-12d2030b4ee0 Microsoft Flow
66375f6b-983f-4c2c-9701-d680650f588f Microsoft Planner
9ba1a5c7-f17a-4de9-a1f1-6178c8d51223 Microsoft Intune Company Portal
a40d7d7d-59aa-447e-a655-679a4107e548 Accounts Control UI
a569458c-7f2b-45cb-bab9-b7dee514d112 Yammer iPhone
b26aadf8-566f-4478-926f-589f601d9c74 OneDrive
c0d2a505-13b8-4ae0-aa9e-cddd5eab0b12 Microsoft Power BI
d326c1ce-6cc6-4de2-bebc-4591e5e13ef0 SharePoint
e9c51622-460d-4d3d-952d-966a5b1da34c Microsoft Edge
eb539595-3fe1-474e-9c1d-feb3625d1be5 Microsoft Tunnel
ecd6b820-32c2-49b6-98a6-444530e5a77a Microsoft Edge
f05ff7c9-f75a-4acd-a3b5-f4b6a870245d SharePoint Android
f44b1140-bc5e-48c6-8dc0-5cf5a53c0e34 Microsoft Edge
.Example
PS C:\>Get-AADIntFOCIClientIDs -Online
client_id application_name
--------- ----------------
00b41c95-dab0-4487-9791-b9d2c32c80f2 Office 365 Management
04b07795-8ddb-461a-bbee-02f9e1bf7b46 Microsoft Azure CLI
1950a258-227b-4e31-a9cf-717495945fc2 Microsoft Azure PowerShell
1fec8e78-bce4-4aaf-ab1b-5451cc387264 Microsoft Teams
26a7ee05-5602-4d76-a7ba-eae8b7b67941 Windows Search
27922004-5251-4030-b22d-91ecd9a37ea4 Outlook Mobile
4813382a-8fa7-425e-ab75-3b753aab3abb Microsoft Authenticator App
ab9b8c07-8f02-4f72-87fa-80105867a763 OneDrive SyncEngine
d3590ed6-52b3-4102-aeff-aad2292ab01c Microsoft Office
872cd9fa-d31f-45e0-9eab-6e460a02d1f1 Visual Studio
af124e86-4e96-495a-b70a-90f90ab96707 OneDrive iOS App
2d7f3606-b07d-41d1-b9d2-0d0c9296a6e8 Microsoft Bing Search for Microsoft Edge
844cca35-0656-46ce-b636-13f48b0eecbd Microsoft Stream Mobile Native
87749df4-7ccf-48f8-aa87-704bad0e0e16 Microsoft Teams - Device Admin Agent
cf36b471-5b44-428c-9ce7-313bf84528de Microsoft Bing Search
0ec893e0-5785-4de6-99da-4ed124e5296c Office UWP PWA
22098786-6e16-43cc-a27d-191a01a1e3b5 Microsoft To-Do client
4e291c71-d680-4d0e-9640-0a3358e31177 PowerApps
57336123-6e14-4acc-8dcf-287b6088aa28 Microsoft Whiteboard Client
57fcbcfa-7cee-4eb1-8b25-12d2030b4ee0 Microsoft Flow
66375f6b-983f-4c2c-9701-d680650f588f Microsoft Planner
9ba1a5c7-f17a-4de9-a1f1-6178c8d51223 Microsoft Intune Company Portal
a40d7d7d-59aa-447e-a655-679a4107e548 Accounts Control UI
a569458c-7f2b-45cb-bab9-b7dee514d112 Yammer iPhone
b26aadf8-566f-4478-926f-589f601d9c74 OneDrive
c0d2a505-13b8-4ae0-aa9e-cddd5eab0b12 Microsoft Power BI
d326c1ce-6cc6-4de2-bebc-4591e5e13ef0 SharePoint
e9c51622-460d-4d3d-952d-966a5b1da34c Microsoft Edge
eb539595-3fe1-474e-9c1d-feb3625d1be5 Microsoft Tunnel
ecd6b820-32c2-49b6-98a6-444530e5a77a Microsoft Edge
f05ff7c9-f75a-4acd-a3b5-f4b6a870245d SharePoint Android
f44b1140-bc5e-48c6-8dc0-5cf5a53c0e34 Microsoft Edge
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[switch]$Online
)
Process
{
if($Online)
{
try
{
$FOCIClients = Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/secureworks/family-of-client-ids-research/main/known-foci-clients.csv"
ConvertFrom-Csv -Delimiter "," -InputObject $FOCIClients
}
catch
{
Throw "Unable to get FOCI clients from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/secureworks/family-of-client-ids-research/main/known-foci-clients.csv"
}
}
else
{
foreach($key in $Script:FOCIs.Keys)
{
[PSCustomObject]@{
"client_id" = $key
"application_name" = $Script:FOCIs[$key]
}
}
}
}
}
# Parses config from login.microsoftonline.com sites
# May 28th 2023
function Parse-LoginMicrosoftOnlineComConfig
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Body
)
Process
{
# Try to get the $Config=
$c = Get-StringBetween -String $body -Start '$Config=' -End "//]]>"
try
{
# Trim null, carriage return, newline, and ;
$c = $c.TrimEnd(@(0x00,0x0a,0x0d,0x3B))
$j = $c | ConvertFrom-Json -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# Some verbose
if($j.serverDetails)
{
$s = $j.serverDetails
Write-Verbose "SERVER: $($s.dc) $($s.ri) $($s.ver.v -join ".")"
}
if($j.correlationId)
{
Write-Verbose "Correlation ID: $($j.correlationId)"
}
if($j.sessionId)
{
Write-Verbose "Session ID: $($j.sessionId)"
}
}
catch
{}
return $j
}
}
# Gets authorization code in interactive mode - Supports MFA
# May 28th 2023
# OAuth 2.0 Auth code grant flow
function Get-AuthorizationCode
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
# Use these default values to get the code as some tenants may have blocked others with Conditional Access.
# You can then use the refresh_token to get access_token for correct resource and clientid.
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$Resource = "https://graph.windows.net",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$ClientId = "1b730954-1685-4b74-9bfd-dac224a7b894",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$Tenant,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$AMR,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$RefreshTokenCredential,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$Credentials,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2]$Certificate,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$PfxFileName,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$PfxPassword,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$OTPSecretKey,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$TAP,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$RedirectURI,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[switch]$AppConsent,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$SubScope,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$ESTSAUTH,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[switch]$DumpESTSAUTH,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[boolean]$KMSI
)
Begin
{
# Function for processing ADFS authentication
function Process-ADFSLogin
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$Credentials,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]$UserName,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WebRequestSession]$webSession,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$FederationRedirectUrl,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$SubScope
)
Process
{
# If authentication type is Federated, we must first authenticate against the identity provider
# to fetch SAML token and then get access token from Microsoft Online
if($Credentials)
{
$UserName = $Credentials.UserName
}
# Only ADFS is supported
if(!$FederationRedirectUrl.Contains("/adfs/"))
{
Throw "Only ADFS federation is supported."
}
# Loop until we get a correct password or get CTRL+C
$passwordOk = $false
while(-not $passwordOk)
{
# Set credentials
if($Credentials)
{
$password = $Credentials.GetNetworkCredential().Password
# Set Credentials to $null to avoid authentication loop
$Credentials = $null
}
# Prompt for password
else
{
$password = Read-HostPassword -Prompt "Password"
}
if($password -eq $null)
{
return $null
}
# Set the parameters
$body = @{
"UserName" = $UserName
"Kmsi" = ""
"AuthMethod" = "FormsAuthentication"
"Password" = $password
}
try
{
# Authenticate
$response = Invoke-WebRequest2 -Uri $FederationRedirectUrl -Method POST -Body $body -Headers $Headers -WebSession $webSession
[xml]$xmlResponse = $response.content
# Extract WS-Fed parameters
$body=@{}
foreach($input in $xmlResponse.html.body.form.input)
{
$body[$input.name] = $input.value
}
$url = "$(Get-TenantLoginUrl -SubScope $SubScope)/login.srf"
return Invoke-WebRequest2 -Uri $url -WebSession $webSession -Method Post -MaximumRedirection 0 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Body $body -Headers @{"User-Agent"="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64)"}
}
catch
{
$_
# Failed, probably just wrong password
}
}
}
}
# Function for processing password & TAP
function Process-Login
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$Credentials,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[boolean]$isTAP = $false,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[PSObject]$Config,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$TAP,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]$SubScope,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[boolean]$KMSI
)
Process
{
$loginEndPoint = Get-TenantLoginUrl -SubScope $SubScope
# Loop until we get a correct password/TAP or get CTRL+C
while(-not $passwordOk)
{
# Use the provided TAP
if($isTAP -and -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($TAP))
{
$password = $TAP
}
# Use the provided credentials
elseif($Credentials)
{
$password = $Credentials.GetNetworkCredential().Password
}
# Prompt for password/TAP
else
{
$pwdPrompt = "Password"
if($isTAP)
{
$pwdPrompt = "Temporary Access Pass"
}
$password = Read-HostPassword -Prompt $pwdPrompt
}
# Send the password/TAP
if($config.urlPost.startsWith("/"))
{
$url = "$($loginEndPoint)$($config.urlPost)"
}
else
{
$url = $config.urlPost
}
# Create the body
$body = @{
"login" = $userName
"passwd" = $password
"ctx" = $config.sCtx
"flowToken" = $config.sFT
"canary" = $config.canary
"client_id" = $ClientId
}
if($KMSI)
{
$body["LoginOptions"] = 1
}
if($isTAP)
{
$body.Remove("passwd")
$body["accesspass"] = $password
}
$response = Invoke-WebRequest2 -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Post -MaximumRedirection 0 -Headers $Headers -Body $body -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
$config = Parse-LoginMicrosoftOnlineComConfig -Body $response.Content
# Return app consent stuff
if($config.pgid -eq "ConvergedConsent")
{
return [pscustomobject]@{
"MFA" = $MFA
"Config" = $Config
"Response" = $response
}
}
# Expired password
if($config.pgid -eq "ConvergedChangePassword")
{
Write-Verbose "ConvergedChangePassword"
$newPasswordOk = $false
while($newPasswordOk -eq $false)
{
# Prompt for the password
Write-Host "You need to update your password because this is the first time you are signing in, or because your password has expired."
$newPassword = Read-HostPassword -Prompt "New password"
if([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($newPassword))
{
return $null
}
# SSPR BEGIN
$body = @{
"Ctx" = $config.sCtx
"FlowToken" = $config.sFT
"OldPassword" = $password
"NewPassword" = $newPassword
}
$url = "$($loginEndPoint)$($config.urlAsyncSsprBegin)"
$ssprResponse = Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Post -MaximumRedirection 0 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Headers $Headers -Body ($body | ConvertTo-Json) -ContentType "application/json; charset=UTF-8"
# SSPR POLL
while($ssprResponse.IsJobPending)
{
$body = @{
"Ctx" = $ssprResponse.Ctx
"FlowToken" = $ssprResponse.FlowToken
"CoupledDataCenter" = $ssprResponse.CoupledDataCenter
"CoupledScaleUnit" = $ssprResponse.CoupledScaleUnit
}
$url = "$($loginEndPoint)$($config.urlAsyncSsprPoll)"
$ssprResponse = Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Post -MaximumRedirection 0 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Headers $Headers -Body ($body | ConvertTo-Json) -ContentType "application/json; charset=UTF-8"
}
# Complexity requirements..
if($ssprResponse.ErrorMessage)
{
Write-Host $ssprResponse.ErrorMessage -ForegroundColor Red
}
else
{
$newPasswordOk = $true
}
}
# SSPR END
$body = @{
"ctx" = $ssprResponse.Ctx
"flowToken" = $ssprResponse.FlowToken
"currentpasswd" = $password
"confirmnewpasswd" = $newPassword
"canary" = $config.canary
}
$url = "$($loginEndPoint)$($config.urlPost)"
$response = Invoke-WebRequest2 -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Post -MaximumRedirection 0 -Headers $Headers -Body $body -ContentType "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
$config = Parse-LoginMicrosoftOnlineComConfig -Body $response.Content
}
# MFA action required
if($config.pgid -eq "ConvergedProofUpRedirect")
{
Write-Verbose "ConvergedProofUpRedirect"
$MFADays = $config.iRemainingDaysToSkipMfaRegistration
if($MFADays)
{
Write-Warning "MFA must be set up in $($MFA) days"
# Create the body
$body = @{
"LoginOptions" = 1
"ctx" = $config.sCtx
"flowToken" = $config.sFT
"canary" = $config.canary
}
$url = $config.urlSkipMfaRegistration
$response = Invoke-WebRequest2 -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -MaximumRedirection 0 -Headers $Headers -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
else
{
throw "MFA method must be registered."
}
}
# Keep me signed in prompt
elseif($config.pgid -eq "KmsiInterrupt")
{
Write-Verbose "KMSI"
# Create the body
$body = @{
"LoginOptions" = 1
"ctx" = $config.sCtx
"flowToken" = $config.sFT
"canary" = $config.canary
}
$url = "$($loginEndPoint)$($config.urlPost)"
$response = Invoke-WebRequest2 -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Post -MaximumRedirection 0 -Headers $Headers -Body $body -ContentType "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
# Some weird redirect issue with non-edge Chrome browsers
elseif($config.oPostParams)
{
Throw "Chrome redirect issue. Try using Edge or non-chrome User-Agent."
}
# Check the response code
switch($response.StatusCode)
{
# We got an error or MFA prompt
200
{
$config = Parse-LoginMicrosoftOnlineComConfig -Body $response.Content
# Something severe
if($config.strServiceExceptionMessage)
{
# Wrong redirect URI
if($config.strServiceExceptionMessage.StartsWith("AADSTS50011"))
{
Write-Verbose "Invalid redirect URI, trying to get correct one"
$newRedirectURI=""
try
{
$url = "$($loginEndPoint)/common/oauth2/authorize?client_id=$ClientID&response_type=code"
$response = Invoke-WebRequest2 -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Get -MaximumRedirection 0 -Headers $Headers -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# Parse from the Location header
if($response.StatusCode -eq 302)
{
$newRedirectURI = $response.Headers.Location.Substring(0,$response.Headers.Location.IndexOf("?"))
Write-Verbose "Redirect URI: $newRedirectURI"
Write-Warning "Wrong RedirectURI $RedirectURI for client $ClientID."
Write-Warning "Try again with switch -RedirectURI $newRedirectURI"
}
else
{
Write-Error $config.strServiceExceptionMessage
}
return $null
}
catch
{
throw $config.strServiceExceptionMessage
}
}
else
{
throw $config.strServiceExceptionMessage
}
}
# Wrong password etc
elseif($config.sErrorCode -ne $null)
{
# When using TAP for MFA, the correct error code is not returned
if($config.sErrorCode -eq "InvalidAccessPass")
{
$AADError = "130503: Your Temporary Access Pass is incorrect. If you don't know your pass, contact your administrator."
}
# Get error text from Azure AD
else
{
$AADError = Get-Error -ErrorCode $config.sErrorCode
}
# We don't want to loop with provided password/TAP so throw the error
if(($Credentials) -or ($isTAP -and (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($TAP))))
{
Throw $AADError
}
Write-Host $AADError -ForegroundColor Red
}
# MFA
elseif($config.arrUserProofs -ne $null)
{
$passwordOk = $true
$MFA = $true
}
}
# Ok, we got the code!
302
{
$passwordOk = $true
}
}
}
return [pscustomobject]@{
"MFA" = $MFA
"Config" = $Config
"Response" = $response
}
}
}
}
Process
{
# Remove variables
Remove-Variable -Name "LoginSession" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
Remove-Variable -Name "Config" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
Remove-Variable -Name "Response" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# Load certificate if provided
if(!$Certificate -and -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($PfxFileName))
{
$Certificate = Load-Certificate -FileName $PfxFileName -Password $PfxPassword -Exportable
}
# Create the url
$loginEndPoint = Get-TenantLoginUrl -SubScope $SubScope
$request_id=(New-Guid).ToString()
# Headers
$headers = @{
"User-Agent" = Get-UserAgent
}
# Get redirect url
if([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($RedirectURI))
{
$RedirectURI = Get-AuthRedirectUrl -ClientId $ClientId -Resource $Resource
}
# If ESTSAUTH cookie provided, use that
# Ref: https://github.com/rvrsh3ll/TokenTactics/pull/9/commits/1a88fe7f01ea88731de4a23c0b3306d4ed714260
if(![string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ESTSAUTH))
{
$url="$loginEndPoint/common/oauth2/authorize?resource=$Resource&client_id=$ClientId&response_type=code&redirect_uri=$RedirectURI&scope=openid"
$LoginSession = [Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WebRequestSession]::new()
$cookie = [System.Net.Cookie]::new("ESTSAUTHPERSISTENT", $ESTSAUTH)
$LoginSession.Cookies.Add("$loginEndPoint/", $cookie)
$response = Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method get -MaximumRedirection 0 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Headers $Headers
try
{
$config = Parse-LoginMicrosoftOnlineComConfig -Body $response.Content
if($config.pgid -ne $null)
{
$throwMessage = "Unable to get authorization code with ESTSAUTH cookie. Page ID = $($config.pgid). Error = $($config.strServiceExceptionMessage)"
}
else
{
return Parse-CodeFromResponse -Response $response
}
}
catch
{
$throwMessage = "Unable to get authorization code with ESTSAUTH cookie"
}
if($throwMessage)
{
Throw $throwMessage
}
}
# If getting app consent, use different url
elseif($AppConsent)
{
$url="$loginEndPoint/$Tenant/oauth2/authorize?client_id=$ClientId&response_type=code&sso_reload=True"
}
else
{
$url="$loginEndPoint/$Tenant/oauth2/authorize?resource=$Resource&client_id=$ClientId&response_type=code&redirect_uri=$RedirectURI&client-request-id=$request_id&prompt=login&scope=openid profile&response_mode=query&sso_reload=True"
}
# Authentication Method References (AMR), "mfa" or "ngcmfa" will enforce MFA
# Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-oapx/0fc398ca-88d0-4118-ae60-c3033e396e60
if($AMR)
{
$url+="&amr_values=$AMR"
}
# Set RefreshTokenCredential for device authentication
if($RefreshTokenCredential)
{
$headers["x-ms-RefreshTokenCredential"] = $RefreshTokenCredential
$parsedToken = Read-AccessToken -AccessToken $RefreshTokenCredential
if($parsedToken.request_nonce)
{
$url += "&sso_nonce=$($parsedToken.request_nonce)"
}
}
# Make the first request to authorization endpoint. Allow one redirect for sso_nonce
$response = Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $url -SessionVariable "LoginSession" -Method get -MaximumRedirection 1 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Headers $Headers
$config = Parse-LoginMicrosoftOnlineComConfig -Body $response.Content
# Prompt for user name if not provided
if($Credentials)
{
$userName = $Credentials.UserName
}
else
{
Write-Host "Logging in to $($config.sCompanyDisplayName)"
$userName = Read-Host -Prompt "Enter email, phone, or Skype"
}
# Get credential type
$credType = Get-CredentialType -UserName $userName -FlowToken $config.sFT -OriginalRequest $config.sCtx -webSession $LoginSession
# Check whether we are throttling
if($credType.ThrottleStatus -eq 1)
{
Write-Warning "Requests throttled. If authentication fails, wait a minute and try again."
}
# Does the user exist?
if($credType.IfExistsResult -ne 0 -and $credType.IfExistsResult -ne 6 -and $credType.IfExistsResult -ne 5)
{
Throw "We couldn't find an account with that username."
}
# Check the credential type (managed vs federated)
$isFederated = ![string]::IsNullOrEmpty($credType.Credentials.FederationRedirectUrl)
# Do the federated domain authentication
if($isFederated)
{
# Create WS-Fed response
$response = Process-ADFSLogin -Credentials $Credentials -UserName $userName -webSession $loginSession -FederationRedirectUrl $credType.Credentials.FederationRedirectUrl -SubScope $SubScope
switch($response.StatusCode)
{
# We got an error or MFA prompt
200
{
$config = Parse-LoginMicrosoftOnlineComConfig -Body $response.Content
# Something severe
if($config.strServiceExceptionMessage)
{
throw $config.strServiceExceptionMessage
}
# Wrong password etc
elseif($config.sErrorCode -ne $null)
{
# When using TAP for MFA, the correct error code is not returned
if($config.sErrorCode -eq "InvalidAccessPass")
{
$AADError = "130503: Your Temporary Access Pass is incorrect. If you don't know your pass, contact your administrator."
}
# Get error text from Azure AD
else
{
$AADError = Get-Error -ErrorCode $config.sErrorCode
}
# We don't want to loop with provided password/TAP so throw the error
if($isTAP -and (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($TAP)))
{
Throw $AADError
}
Write-Host $AADError -ForegroundColor Red
}
# MFA
elseif($config.arrUserProofs -ne $null)
{
$MFA = $true
}
}
# Ok, we got the code!
302
{
$passwordOk = $true
}
}
#$config = $loginResponse.Config
#$MFA = $loginResponse.MFA
#$response = $loginResponse.Response
}
# Do the managed domain authentication
else
{
# Ask which account to use (MSA or AAD)
# MSA not supported at the moment, so skip this
<#
$accountType = 0 # AAD
if($credType.IfExistsResult -eq 6)
{
$options = @(
New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&1 Work or school account"
New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&2 Personal account"
)
$accountType = $host.UI.PromptForChoice("Choose account","It looks like this email is used with more than one account from Microsoft. Which one do you want to use?",$options,0)
}
#>
# Choose authentication method
$authOptions = @()
$nAuthOption = 0
$pwdOption = -2
$cbaOption = -2
$tapOption = -2
# Password?
if($credType.Credentials.HasPassword -eq $True)
{
Write-Verbose "Password enabled."
$pwdOption = $nAuthOption
$nAuthOption++
$authOptions += New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&$nAuthOption Password"
}
# Temporary Access Pass (TAP)?
if($credType.Credentials.HasAccessPass -eq $True)
{
Write-Verbose "Temporary Access Pass enabled."
$tapOption = $nAuthOption
$nAuthOption++
$authOptions += New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&$nAuthOption Temporary Access Pass"
}
# Certificate Based Authentication (CBA)?
if($credType.Credentials.HasCertAuth -eq $True)
{
Write-Verbose "CBA enabled."
if($Certificate)
{
$cbaOption = $nAuthOption
$nAuthOption++
$authOptions += New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&$nAuthOption Certificate"
}
else
{
Write-Verbose "No certificate provided, skipping CBA."
}
}
# No supported authentication options found :(
if($authOptions.Count -eq 0)
{
Throw "No supported authentication options found!"
}
# Just one option so use that
elseif($authOptions.Count -eq 1)
{
$authOption = 0
}
# If we have TAP and it's available, use that
elseif($tapOption -ge 0 -and -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($TAP))
{
$authOption = $tapOption
}
# Prompt for options
else
{
$authOption = $host.UI.PromptForChoice("Authentication options","Choose authentication method",[System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription[]]$authOptions,0)
}
switch($authOption)
{
$pwdOption
{
$cPWD = $true
}
$cbaOption
{
$cCBA = $true
}
$tapOption
{
$cTAP = $true
}
default
{
return $null
}
}
# PWD & TAP
if($cPWD -or $cTAP)
{
$loginResponse = Process-Login -Credentials $Credentials -Config $config -IsTAP ($cTAP -eq $true) -TAP $TAP -SubScope $SubScope -KMSI $KMSI
if($loginResponse -eq $null)
{
return $null
}
$config = $loginResponse.Config
$MFA = $loginResponse.MFA
$response = $loginResponse.Response
}
}
if($MFA)
{
# Get MFA types from the config
$MFATypes = [ordered]@{}
$MFAOptions = @()
$m = 1
foreach($mfaType in $config.arrUserProofs)
{
# Certificate not currently supported
if($mfaType.authMethodId -ne "Certificate")
{
$MFATypes[$mfaType.authMethodId] = $mfaType.display
$MFAOptions += New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&$m $($mfaType.authMethodId) ($($mfaType.display))"
$m++
# If OTPSecret is provided and whe have PhoneAppOTP option, use that
if($mfaType.authMethodId -eq "PhoneAppOTP" -and -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($OTPSecretKey))
{
$mfaMethod = $mfaType.authMethodId
}
}
}
if($MFAOptions.Count -eq 0)
{
Throw "No supported MFA methods found!"
}
# Ask user to choose MFA method if not automatically chosen
if(-not $mfaMethod)
{
# If there's just one method, use that
if($MFATypes.Count -eq 1)
{
$mfaMethod = [string]$MFATypes.Keys[0]
}
else
{
$mfaSelection = $host.UI.PromptForChoice("MFA options","Choose MFA method",$MFAOptions,0)
if($mfaSelection -eq -1)
{
return $null
}
$p = 0
foreach($key in $MFATypes.Keys)
{
if($p -eq $mfaSelection)
{
$mfaMethod = $key
break
}
$p++
}
}
}
# Start the MFA loop
$url = $config.urlBeginAuth
$body = @{
"AuthMethodId" = $mfaMethod
"ctx" = $config.sCtx
"flowToken" = $config.sFT
"Method" = "BeginAuth"
}
# TAP has unique MFA flow
if($mfaMethod -eq "AccessPass")
{
$body["AuthMethodId"] = "PhoneAppOTP"
}
$headers = @{
"User-Agent" = Get-UserAgent
"canary" = $config.apiCanary
"Content-Type" = "application/json; charset=utf-8"
}
# SAS/BeginAuth if not TAP
if($mfaMethod -eq "AccessPass")
{
$beginAuth = $true
}
else
{
$response = Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Post -MaximumRedirection 0 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Headers $Headers -Body ($body|ConvertTo-Json)
$beginAuth = $response.Success -eq $true
}
if($beginAuth)
{
# Prompt for MFA method
switch($mfaMethod)
{
"PhoneAppNotification"
{
Write-Host "Open your Authenticator app, and enter the number shown to sign in:​​"
Write-Host $response.Entropy
break
}
"PhoneAppOTP"
{
# Use provided OTPSecret
if($OTPSecretKey)
{
Write-Host "Using the provided OTP Secret for MFA."
# Calculate OTP using the secret key
$OTP = New-AADIntOTP -SecretKey $OTPSecretKey
# Strip the spaces
$additionalAuthData = $OTP.OTP.Replace(" ","")
break
}
else
{
$additionalAuthData = Read-Host "Please type in the code displayed on your authenticator app from your device"
break
}
}
"OneWaySMS"
{
$additionalAuthData = Read-Host "We texted your phone $($MFATypes[$mfaMethod]). Please enter the code to sign in"
break
}
"TwoWayVoiceMobile"
{
Write-Host "We're calling your phone $($MFATypes[$mfaMethod]). Please answer it to continue."
break
}
"TwoWayVoiceAlternateMobile"
{
Write-Host "We're calling your phone $($MFATypes[$mfaMethod]). Please answer it to continue."
break
}
"AccessPass"
{
# TAP has a unique flow
$loginResponse = Process-Login -Config $config -IsTAP $true -TAP $TAP
if($loginResponse -eq $null)
{
return $null
}
$config = $loginResponse.Config
$MFA = $loginResponse.MFA
$response = $loginResponse.Response
break
}
default
{
Throw "MFA method $mfaMethod not supported."
break
}
}
# SAS/EndAuth
if($mfaMethod -ne "AccessPass")
{
for($p = 1;$p -le $config.iMaxPollAttempts ; $p++)
{
# If OTP or SMS send a single request
if(@("PhoneAppOTP","OneWaySMS") -contains $mfaMethod)
{
$url = $config.urlEndAuth
$headers = @{
"User-Agent" = Get-UserAgent
"canary" = $config.apiCanary
"Content-Type" = "application/json; charset=utf-8"
}
$body = @{
"AdditionalAuthData" = $additionalAuthData
"AuthMethodId" = $mfaMethod
"SessionId" = $response.SessionId
"FlowToken" = $response.FlowToken
"Ctx" = $response.Ctx
"Method" = "EndAuth"
}
$response = Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Post -MaximumRedirection 0 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Headers $Headers -Body ($body | ConvertTo-Json)
}
# Poll until we get response or timeout
else
{
$url = "$($config.urlEndAuth)?authMethodId=$mfaMethod&pollCount=$p"
$headers = @{
"User-Agent" = Get-UserAgent
"x-ms-sessionId" = $response.SessionId
"x-ms-flowToken" = $response.FlowToken
"x-ms-ctx" = $response.Ctx
}
$response = Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Get -MaximumRedirection 0 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Headers $Headers
}
if($response.Success -eq $true)
{
# SAS/ProcessAuth
$headers = @{
"User-Agent" = Get-UserAgent
"Content-Type" = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
}
$url = $config.urlPost
$body = @{
"request" = $response.Ctx
"mfaAuthMethod" = $mfaMethod
"login" = $userName
"flowToken" = $response.FlowToken
"canary" = $config.canary
}
$response = Invoke-WebRequest2 -Uri $url -WebSession $LoginSession -Method Post -MaximumRedirection 0 -Headers $Headers -Body $body -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
break
}
elseif($response.Retry -eq $false)
{
Throw "$($response.Message) $($response.ResultValue)"
}
Start-Sleep -Milliseconds $config.iPollingInterval
}
}
}
}
# Dump app consent stuff
if($AppConsent)
{
return $config
}
# Some weird redirect again
if($response.Content.Contains("https://device.login.microsoftonline.com"))
{
Write-Warning "Got an error, try using another User-Agent, current is: $(Get-UserAgent)"
throw "Got unexpected redirect to https://device.login.microsoftonline.com"
}
# Check for errors
$config = Parse-LoginMicrosoftOnlineComConfig -Body $response.Content
if($config.strServiceExceptionMessage)
{
Write-Warning "Got an error, try using another User-Agent, current is: $(Get-UserAgent)"
throw $config.strServiceExceptionMessage
}
elseif($config.sErrorCode -ne $null)
{
$AADError = Get-Error -ErrorCode $config.sErrorCode
throw $AADError
}
$authorizationCode = Parse-CodeFromResponse -Response $response
# Try to dump the ESTS cookies
if($DumpESTSAUTH)
{
$cookieName = "ESTSAUTH"
if($KMSI)
{
$cookieName += "PERSISTENT"
}
Write-Verbose "Trying to dump $cookieName cookie"
try
{
foreach($cookie in $LoginSession.Cookies.GetCookies((Get-TenantLoginUrl -SubScope $SubScope)))
{
if($cookie.Name -eq $cookieName)
{
return $cookie.Value
}
}
}
catch {}
}
return $authorizationCode
}
}
# May 21st 2024
# Return tenant subscope from Open ID configuration
function Get-TenantSubscope
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='Domain',Mandatory=$True)]
[String]$Domain,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='Config',Mandatory=$True)]
[PSObject]$OpenIDConfiguration
)
Process
{
# Get Tenant Region subscope from Open ID configuration
if($OpenIDConfiguration -eq $null)
{
$OpenIDConfiguration = Get-OpenIDConfiguration -Domain $Domain
}
return $OpenIDConfiguration.tenant_region_sub_scope
}
}
# May 21st 2024
# Return tenant login url based on the subscope
function Get-TenantLoginUrl
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[String]$SubScope
)
Process
{
# Use the correct url
switch($SubScope)
{
"DOD" # DoD
{
return "https://login.microsoftonline.us"
}
"DODCON" # GCC-High
{
return "https://login.microsoftonline.us"
}
default # Commercial/GCC
{
return "https://login.microsoftonline.com"
}
}
}
}
# Jan 13th 2025
# Get access token using MSAL
function Get-AccessTokenUsingMSAL
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[String]$TenantId="common",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[String]$Resource,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[String]$ClientId,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[String]$RedirectUri,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[String]$SubScope,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[bool]$CAE
)
Begin
{
# Load MSAL dll
Add-Type -Path "$PSScriptRoot\Microsoft.Identity.Client.dll"
}
Process
{
if([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($RedirectUri))
{
$RedirectUri = Get-AuthRedirectUrl -ClientId $ClientId -Resource $Resource
}
$options = [Microsoft.Identity.Client.PublicClientApplicationOptions]::new()
$options.ClientId = $ClientId
$options.TenantId = $TenantId
$options.RedirectUri = $RedirectUri
$options.AzureCloudInstance = Get-MSALAzureScope -SubScope $SubScope
if($CAE)
{
$options.ClientCapabilities = [string[]]"cp1"
}
$builder = [Microsoft.Identity.Client.PublicClientApplicationBuilder]::CreateWithApplicationOptions($options)
$app = $builder.Build()
$tokenParameters = $app.AcquireTokenInteractive([string[]]"$Resource/.default")
$result = $tokenParameters.ExecuteAsync()
return $result.Result
}
}
# Jan 13th 2025
# Returns MSAL Azure Scope based on subscope
function Get-MSALAzureScope
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[String]$SubScope
)
Process
{
# Return AzureCloudInstance
# Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/microsoft.identity.client.azurecloudinstance?view=msal-dotnet-latest
switch($SubScope)
{
"DOD" # DoD
{
return 4
}
"DODCON" # GCC-High
{
return 4
}
default # Commercial/GCC
{
return 1
}
}
}
}
# Returns CAE claims
# Feb 5th 2024
function Get-CAEClaims
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[String]$SubScope
)
Process
{
# Claims
$claims = @{
"access_token" = @{
"xms_cc" = @{
"values" = @("cp1")
}
}
"id_token" = @{
"xms_cc" = @{
"values" = @("cp1")
}
}
}
return ConvertTo-Json -InputObject $claims -Depth 10 -Compress
}
}
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