diff --git a/.github/workflows/ml-dsa.yml b/.github/workflows/ml-dsa.yml
index e62338f..bcddcfb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ml-dsa.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ml-dsa.yml
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ jobs:
           - stable
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
         with:
           toolchain: ${{ matrix.rust }}
diff --git a/.gitmodules b/.gitmodules
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b040ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitmodules
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[submodule "wycheproof"]
+	path = thirdparty/wycheproof
+	url = https://github.com/C2SP/wycheproof.git
diff --git a/ml-dsa/Cargo.toml b/ml-dsa/Cargo.toml
index 0f8a713..d7bd17b 100644
--- a/ml-dsa/Cargo.toml
+++ b/ml-dsa/Cargo.toml
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ zeroize = { version = "1.8.1", optional = true, default-features = false }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 criterion = "0.7"
+getrandom = { version = "0.4.0-rc.0", features = ["sys_rng"] }
 hex = { version = "0.4", features = ["serde"] }
 hex-literal = "1"
 pkcs8 = { version = "0.11.0-rc.8", features = ["pem"] }
 proptest = "1"
-getrandom = { version = "0.4.0-rc.0", features = ["sys_rng"] }
 serde = { version = "1.0.215", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = "1.0.132"
 
diff --git a/ml-dsa/tests/wycheproof.rs b/ml-dsa/tests/wycheproof.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94274e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ml-dsa/tests/wycheproof.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+//! Test against the Wycheproof test vectors.
+
+// Implementation is based in part on `rsa` which is in turn based on Graviola.
+
+use ml_dsa::{KeyGen, MlDsa44, MlDsa65, MlDsa87};
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use signature::{SignatureEncoding, Signer};
+use std::fs::File;
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
+struct TestFile {
+    #[serde(rename(deserialize = "testGroups"))]
+    groups: Vec<TestGroup>,
+    header: Vec<String>,
+    algorithm: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
+struct TestGroup {
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    #[serde(rename(deserialize = "type"))]
+    type_: String,
+
+    #[serde(default, rename(deserialize = "privateSeed"), with = "hex::serde")]
+    private_seed: Vec<u8>,
+
+    #[serde(default, rename(deserialize = "publicKey"), with = "hex::serde")]
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    public_key: Vec<u8>,
+
+    tests: Vec<Test>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
+struct Test {
+    #[serde(rename(deserialize = "tcId"))]
+    id: usize,
+    comment: String,
+    #[serde(with = "hex::serde")]
+    msg: Vec<u8>,
+    #[serde(default, with = "hex::serde")]
+    ctx: Vec<u8>,
+    #[serde(with = "hex::serde")]
+    sig: Vec<u8>,
+    result: ExpectedResult,
+}
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Deserialize, Debug, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+enum ExpectedResult {
+    Valid,
+    Invalid,
+    Acceptable,
+}
+
+macro_rules! mldsa_sign_from_seed_test {
+    ($name:ident, $json_file:expr, $keypair:ident) => {
+        #[test]
+        fn $name() {
+            let path = format!("../thirdparty/wycheproof/testvectors_v1/{}", $json_file);
+            let data_file = File::open(&path)
+                .expect("failed to open data file (try running `git submodule update --init`)");
+
+            println!("Loading file: {path}");
+
+            let tests: TestFile = serde_json::from_reader(data_file).expect("invalid test JSON");
+            println!("{}:\n{}\n", tests.algorithm, tests.header.join(""));
+
+            for group in tests.groups {
+                let sk = $keypair::from_seed(&group.private_seed.as_slice().try_into().unwrap());
+
+                for test in &group.tests {
+                    println!("Test #{}: {} ({:?})", test.id, &test.comment, &test.result);
+
+                    if test.ctx.is_empty() {
+                        let sig = sk.sign(&test.msg);
+                        assert_eq!(&*sig.to_bytes(), test.sig.as_slice());
+                    } else {
+                        let result = sk.signing_key().sign_deterministic(&test.msg, &test.ctx);
+
+                        match test.result {
+                            ExpectedResult::Valid => {
+                                assert_eq!(&*result.unwrap().to_bytes(), test.sig.as_slice());
+                            }
+                            ExpectedResult::Invalid => {
+                                assert!(result.is_err());
+                            }
+                            other => todo!("{:?}", other),
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+mldsa_sign_from_seed_test!(
+    mldsa_44_sign_seed_test,
+    "mldsa_44_sign_seed_test.json",
+    MlDsa44
+);
+mldsa_sign_from_seed_test!(
+    mldsa_65_sign_seed_test,
+    "mldsa_65_sign_seed_test.json",
+    MlDsa65
+);
+mldsa_sign_from_seed_test!(
+    mldsa_87_sign_seed_test,
+    "mldsa_87_sign_seed_test.json",
+    MlDsa87
+);
diff --git a/thirdparty/wycheproof b/thirdparty/wycheproof
new file mode 160000
index 0000000..0fd0ec1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thirdparty/wycheproof
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Subproject commit 0fd0ec1cf2114f456f5c3e7c61ba807fb1311b45