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310 lines
11 KiB
HTML
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<TITLE>CIL Disassembler (Ildasm.exe)</TITLE>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../rotor.css">
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<H1>Common Intermediate Language Disassembler (ildasm.exe/ildasm)</H1>
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<P>The Common Intermediate Language (CIL) Disassembler is a companion tool to
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the CIL Assembler. The CIL Disassembler takes a portable executable (PE) file that
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contains CIL code and creates a text file suitable as input to Ilasm.</P>
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<P>The Shared Source CLI (SSCLI) version of The CIL Disassembler does not have a GUI and outputs only to
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the console or a file.</P>
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<P>The application file for the CIL disassembler is named ildasm.exe
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in the Shared Source CLI (SSCLI) on Microsoft® Windows®. It is named
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ildasm on UNIX system-based platforms.</P>
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<P>Because the SSCLI implementation of CIL Disassembler is
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console-only, the following features in the .NET Framework Microsoft Intermediate Language Disassembler implementation
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are not supported in the SSCLI:</P>
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<ul>
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<li><b>/nobar</b>
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<ul>
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<li>Suppresses disassembly progress bar window pop-up.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><b>/text</b>
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<ul>
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<li>Outputs to console. Not useful because it is the only supported mode
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in the SSCLI implementation.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h4>Usage</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<PRE class="syntax"><B>ildasm </B>[options] [<I>PEfilename</I>] [<I>options</I>]</PRE>
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</blockquote>
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<P>The following options are available for working with .exe and .dll files that
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contain CIL.</P>
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<P>Options can be specified using either a dash (-) or a slash (/). </P>
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<table border=1 width="100%">
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TH width=30%>Option</TH>
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<TH width=70% colspan="2">Description</TH>
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</TR>
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<tr>
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<TD width=30%><B>/all</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Specifies a combination of the <B>/header</B>, <B>/bytes</B>, and <B>/tokens</B> options.</TD>
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</tr>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30%><B>/bytes</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Shows actual bytes, in hexadecimal format, as instruction comments.</TD>
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</TR>
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<tr>
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<TD width=30%><b>/classlist</b></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Includes a list of classes defined in the module.</TD>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<TD width=30%><B>/header</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Includes file header information in the output.</TD>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<TD width=30%><B>/item:</B><I>class</I>[<b>.</b><I>method </I>[(<I>sig)</I>]]</TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Disassembles the following depending on the argument supplied:
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<UL>
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<LI>Disassembles the specified <I>class.</I></li>
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<LI>Disassembles the specified <I>method</I> of the <I>class.</I></li>
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<LI>Disassembles the <I>method</I> of the <I>class</I> with the specified signature <I>sig. </I>Specify the signature with a return type and as many parameters as required. For example, <I>returntype </I>(<I>param1</I>, <I>param2</I>,..<I>paramn</I>).</li>
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</UL>
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</TD>
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</tr>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30%><B>/linenum</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Includes references to original source lines.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30% rowspan="9"><b>/metadata[=<i>specifier</i>]</b> </TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Shows metadata. This is commonly used with the <b>
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/noil </b>option to view a text dump of the assembly metadata.<p><i>
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Specifier</i> can be:</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="15%">mdheader</TD>
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<TD width="35%">Shows metadata header information and sizes.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="15%">hex</TD>
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<TD width="35%">Shows more things in hexadecimal as well as words.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="15%">csv</TD>
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<TD width="35%">Shows the header sizes in Comma Separated format.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="15%">unrex</TD>
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<TD width="35%">Shows unresolved externals.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="15%">schema</TD>
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<TD width="35%">Shows the metadata schema information.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="15%">raw</TD>
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<TD width="35%">Shows the raw metadata tables.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="15%">heaps </TD>
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<TD width="35%">Shows the raw heaps.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="15%">validate</TD>
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<TD width="35%">Validate the consistency of the metadata.</TD>
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</TR>
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<tr>
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<TD width=30%><B>/noil</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Suppresses CIL assembly code output.</TD>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<TD width=28%><B>/output:</B><I>filename</I></TD>
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<TD width=72% colspan="2">Creates an output file with the specified <I>filename</I></TD>
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</tr>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30%><b>/pretty</b></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Pretty-prints CIL as pseudo-C code in comments</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30%><B>/pubonly</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Disassembles only public types and members. Equivalent to <B>/visibility:PUB</B>.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30%><B>/quoteallnames</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Includes all names in single quotes.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30%><B>/raweh</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Shows exception handling clauses in raw form.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30%><b>/stats</b></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Includes statistics on the image.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30%><B>/source</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Shows original source lines as comments.</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30%><B>/tokens</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Shows metadata tokens of classes and members.</TD>
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</TR>
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<tr>
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<TD width=30%><B>/unicode</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Uses Unicode encoding for the output.</TD>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<TD width=30%><B>/utf8</B></TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Uses UTF-8 encoding for the output. ANSI is the default.</TD>
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</tr>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width=30% rowspan="8"><B>/visibility:</B><I>vis </I>[+<I>vis</I> ...]</TD>
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<TD width=70% colspan="2">Disassembles only types or members with the specified visibility.
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<p>The following are valid values for <I>vis</I>.
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</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="35%"><B>PUB</B></TD>
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<TD width="35%">Public</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="35%"><B>PRI</B></TD>
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<TD width="35%">Private</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="35%"><B>FAM</B></TD>
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<TD width="35%">Family</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="35%"><B>ASM</B></TD>
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<TD width="35%">Assembly</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="35%"><B>FAA</B></TD>
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<TD width="35%">Family and Assembly</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="35%"><B>FOA</B></TD>
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<TD width="35%">Family or Assembly</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR VALIGN="top">
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<TD width="35%"><B>PSC</B></TD>
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<TD width="35%">Private Scope</TD>
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</TR>
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<tr>
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<TD width=28%><B>/?</B></TD>
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<TD width=72% colspan="2">Displays the command syntax and options for the tool.<p>
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When you use this tool on UNIX system-based platforms <b>/?</b> might expand to a
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filename. Instead use the <b>/help</b> option variation, use <b>-?</b>, or enclose the
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<b>/?</b>
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option in quotes: "<b>/?</b>"</TD>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<P class=indent><B>Note</B> All options for the CIL
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Disassembler are case-insensitive and recognized by the first three letters. For example, <B>/quo</B> is equivalent to <B>/quoteallnames</B>. Options that specify arguments accept either a colon (:) or an equal sign (=) as the separator between the option and the argument. For example, <B>/output:</B><I>filename</I> is equivalent to <B>/output=</B><I>filename</I>.</P>
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<H4>Remarks</H4>
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<P>The text file produced by the CIL Disassembler can be used as input to the CIL Assembler. This is useful, for example, when compiling code in a programming language that does not support all the runtime metadata attributes. After compiling the code and running its output through Ildasm.exe, the resulting
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CIL text file can be hand-edited to add the missing attributes. You can then run this text file through the
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CIL Assembler to produce a final executable file.</P>
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<P class=indent>Note: Currently, you cannot use this technique with PE files that contain embedded native code (for example, PE files produced by
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Microsoft® Visual C++® .NET).</P>
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<P>If you provide Ildasm.exe with a <I>PEfilename</I> argument that contains embedded resources, the tool produces multiple output files: a text file that contains
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CIL code and, for each embedded managed resource, a .resources file produced using the resource's name from metadata. </P>
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<P>In the SSCLI implementation, if an unmanaged resource is embedded in <I>PEfilename</I>, a .res file is produced using the filename specified for
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CIL output by the <B>/output</B> option.</P>
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<P class=indent>Note: The CIL Disassembler shows only metadata descriptions for .obj and .lib input files.
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CIL code for these file types is not disassembled.</P>
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<P>You can run Ildasm.exe over an.exe or .dll file to determine whether the file is managed. If the file is not managed, the tool displays a message stating that the file has no valid common language runtime header and cannot be disassembled. If the file is managed, the tool runs successfully.</P>
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<H4>Examples</H4>
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<P>The following command causes the metadata and disassembled code for the PE file <CODE>MyHello.exe</CODE>
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to display in he CIL Disassembler default GUI.</P>
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<PRE>ildasm myHello.exe</PRE>
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<P>The following command disassembles the file <CODE>MyFile.exe</CODE> and stores the resulting
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CIL Assembler text in the file <CODE>MyFile.il</CODE>.</P>
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<PRE>ildasm MyFile.exe /output:MyFile.il</PRE>
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<P>The following command disassembles the file <CODE>MyFile.exe</CODE> and displays the resulting
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CIL Assembler text to the console window.</P>
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<PRE>ildasm MyFile.exe /text</PRE>
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<P>If the file <CODE>MyApp.exe</CODE> contains embedded managed and unmanaged resources, the following command produces four files: <CODE>MyApp.il</CODE>, <CODE>MyApp.res</CODE>, <CODE>Icons.resources, </CODE>and <CODE>Message.resources</CODE>.</P>
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<PRE>ildasm MyApp.exe /output:MyApp.il</PRE>
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<P>The following command disassembles the method <CODE>MyMethod</CODE> within the class <CODE>MyClass</CODE> in <CODE>MyFile.exe </CODE>and displays the output to the console window.</P>
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<PRE>ildasm /item:MyClass::MyMethod MyFile.exe /text</PRE>
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<P>In the previous example, there could be several <CODE>MyMethod</CODE> methods with different signatures. The following command disassembles the method <CODE>MyMethod</CODE> with the return type of <B>void</B> and the parameters
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<i>int32</i> and <i>System.String</i>. </P>
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<PRE>ildasm /item:"MyClass::MyMethod(void(int32,class System.String))" MyFile.exe /text</PRE>
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<H4>See Also</H4>
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<P><a href="Tools_Index.html">Tools Index</a> | <A HREF="ilasm.html">CIL Assembler (ilasm.exe)</A> </P>
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<hr>
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<p><i>Copyright (c) 2002 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.</i></p>
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