diff --git a/mrbgems/mruby-compiler/core/parse.y b/mrbgems/mruby-compiler/core/parse.y
index 311d0d2ac..f726fc004 100644
--- a/mrbgems/mruby-compiler/core/parse.y
+++ b/mrbgems/mruby-compiler/core/parse.y
@@ -713,6 +713,25 @@ new_cvar(parser_state *p, mrb_sym sym)
 static node*
 new_nvar(parser_state *p, int num)
 {
+  int nvar;
+  node *nvars = p->nvars->cdr;
+  while (nvars) {
+    nvar = intn(nvars->car);
+    if (nvar == -2) break; /* top of the scope */
+    if (nvar > 0) {
+      yyerror(NULL, p, "numbered parameter used in outer block");
+      break;
+    }
+    nvars->car = nint(-1);
+    nvars = nvars->cdr;
+  }
+  nvar = intn(p->nvars->car);
+  if (nvar == -1) {
+    yyerror(NULL, p, "numbered parameter used in inner block");
+  }
+  else {
+    p->nvars->car = nint(nvar > num ? nvar : num);
+  }
   return cons((node*)NODE_NVAR, nint(num));
 }
 
@@ -6446,26 +6465,8 @@ parser_yylex(parser_state *p)
         int nvar;
 
         if (n > 0) {
-          node *nvars = p->nvars->cdr;
-
-          while (nvars) {
-            nvar = intn(nvars->car);
-            if (nvar == -2) break; /* top of the scope */
-            if (nvar > 0) {
-              yywarning(p, "numbered parameter used in outer block");
-              break;
-            }
-            nvars->car = nint(-1);
-            nvars = nvars->cdr;
-          }
           nvar = intn(p->nvars->car);
           if (nvar != -2) {     /* numbered parameters never appear on toplevel */
-            if (nvar == -1) {
-              yywarning(p, "numbered parameter used in inner block");
-            }
-            else {
-              p->nvars->car = nint(nvar > n ? nvar : n);
-            }
             pylval.num = n;
             p->lstate = EXPR_END;
             return tNUMPARAM;
diff --git a/test/t/syntax.rb b/test/t/syntax.rb
index 65d47dd21..dedbbd1c2 100644
--- a/test/t/syntax.rb
+++ b/test/t/syntax.rb
@@ -723,6 +723,12 @@ assert('numbered parameters in symbol name (https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issue
   assert_equal([:_1], Array.new(1) {:_1})
 end
 
+assert('numbered parameters as hash key') do
+  h = {_1: 3}
+  assert_equal(3, h[:_1])
+  assert_equal(7, -> { _1 }.call(7))
+end
+
 assert('numbered parameters as singleton') do
   o = Object.new
   lambda { def _1.a(b) = "a#{b}" }.call(o)