The function requires the buffer bigger than `mrb_packed_int_len()`
anyway, so we don't need boundary checks for each iteration. Should
makes the function a little bit faster.
Internal functions can only be called from within the library.
Functions listed in `mruby/internal.h` can be called from:
* core (src/*.c)
* gems (mrbgems/**/*.c)
But not from the application linked with `libmruby`.
Embedding reduce memory consumption, sacrificing precision. It clips least
significant 2 bits from `mrb_float`, so if you need to keep float precision,
define `MRB_USE_FLOAT_FULL_PRECISION`.
`MRB_WORD_BOXING` and `MRB_INT64`:
`mrb_float` (`double`) is embedded in `mrb_value` clipped last 2 bits.
`MRB_WORD_BOXING` and `MRB_INT64` and `MRB_USE_FLOAT_FULL_PRECISION`:
`mrb_float` is allocated in the heaps wrapped by `struct RFloat`.
`MRB_WORD_BOXING` and `MRB_INT32` and `MRB_USE_FLOAT32`:
`mrb_float` (`float`) is embedded in `mrb_value` clipped last 2 bits.
In addition, to reserve bit space in the `mrb_value`, maximum inline
symbol length become 4 (instead of 5) in the configuration.
`MRB_WORD_BOXING` and `MRB_INT32`:
Assume `MRB_USE_FLOAT_FULL_PRECISION` and allocate Float values in heap.
In the ancient Ruby, symbols are represented by integers. In that era,
to get string representation from integers, we used `Integer#id2sym`
method. Later, `Symbol` was introduced, and `id2sym` was used for
compatibility. Today, no one uses `id2sym` any longer. It is described
in ISO 30170:2012 standard but I consider it as a mistake.
Because a structure that is an element of `presym_table` has padding, split
it into individual arrays for name and length.
#### Result (64-bit CPU with full-core gembox)
| | mruby | libmruby.a |
|--------|------------|------------|
| Before | 1,087,444B | 1,476,872B |
| After | 1,079,340B | 1,469,784B |
Instead of including `mruby/presym.h` everywhere, we provided the
fallback `mruby/presym.inc` under `include/mruby` directory, and specify
`-I<build-dir>/include` before `-I<top-dir>/include` in `presym.rake`.
So even when someone drops `-I<build-dir>/include` in compiler options,
it just compiles without failure.
The accuracy is greatly improved by using the C preprocessor to scan C
sources for presym. C preprocessor can perfectly interpret all comments and
preprocessor directives, so it can detect all symbols defined, for example
`mrbgems/mruby-socket/src/const.cstub`.
Also, as described later, this change will greatly improve the accuracy of
presym detection from Ruby sources.
## Result
The number of lines in the `presym` file for all gems is as follows:
```console
Previous: 999 (false positive = 89, undetected = 297)
New: 1207
```
## Build process
The new build process (with presym) is as follows:
1. Build `mrbc` without presym (more on building without presym later).
2. Compile Ruby sources to C struct format with the `mrbc` created in
step 1, and create` mrblib.c` and `gem_init.c`. Note that the symbols
in the created files are output as `MRB_SYM` family macros or
`mrb_intern_lit` instead of IDs (details will be described later).
3. C preprocessor processes C sources including the created files of
step 2 and outputs them as `.i` files. In these files, for example,
`MRB_IVSYM(foo)` is converted to `<@! "@" "foo" !@>` and
`mrb_define_module(mrb, "Foo")` is converted to `<@! "Foo" !@>`.
4. Scan the files created in step 3 and create `presym` and` presym.inc`
files.
The files created in step 2 should output all static symbols defined in Ruby
sources, including local variables, so we can detect all presyms by just
scanning C sources without scanning Ruby sources directly.
Further, by this process, the files to be scanned becomes the same as the
files to be compiled, so that there is no excess or deficiency.
## Related changes
The following changes have been made in relation to realizing this feature.
### Allow build without presym
It enables build without presym to achieve the "Build process: 1". This
incorporates #5202, see its issue for details.
Note that when presym is enabled, even adding a local variable to a Ruby
source may change contents of presym and require recompilation of almost
all C sources. This is inconvenient, especially during trial and error in
development, but this feature is also useful because it does not cause
this problem if presym is disabled.
### Automatically create build target for `mrbc` without presym
The `mrbc` used in the "Build process: 1" will be built by automatically
creating a build target for it. The build name is `SOURCE_BUILD_NAME/mrbc`.
### Constantize output of C struct format by `mrbc`
To realizing the "Build process: 2", as mentioned above, symbol IDs are not
output directly in C struct format output by `mrbc`. As a result, the output
becomes constant regardless of the state of presym at the time of `mrbc`
build, and it is possible to detect symbols of Ruby sources in the same way
as other C sources.
Note that `mrb_intern_lit` is used for symbols that do not become presym,
but in this state, the corresponding element in the symbol array cannot be
statically initialized, so it is initialized at run time (therefore, in this
case, the `const` qualifier is not added to the symbol array).
### Specify arbitrary `mrbc` file
To realizing the "Build process: 2", enabled to specify `mrbc` created by
another build target or pre-built` mrbc`. Use `MRuby::Build#mrbcfile =` to
specify it explicitly. You can omit the "Build process: 1" by specifying
pre-built `mrbc`, and you can always use an optimized build to compile Ruby
sources faster. I think changes that affect the output of `mrbc` are rare,
so in many cases it helps to improve efficiency.
With presym, the build will be a little slower due to more build steps, but
this feature will improve it a bit.
### Create presym files for each build target
This feature was proposed at #5194 and merged once, but was reverted in
5c205e6e due to problems especially with cross-compilation. It has been
introduced again because this change solves the problem.
The presym files will be created below.
* `build/NAME/presym`
* `build/NAME/include/mruby/presym.inc`
### Other changes
* Because presym detection accuracy is greatly improved as mentioned above,
`MRuby::Gem::Specification#cdump?` is set to true by default, and
`disable_cdump` is added instead of `enable_cdump`. Also, support for gem
specific presym files has been discontinued (https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5151#issuecomment-730967232).
* Previously, `mrbc` was automatically created for the `host` build, but it
will not be created if the build target for `mrbc` mentioned above is
automatically created. At this time, `mrbc` file of the `mrbc` build is
copied to` bin/`.
* Two types of `.d` files will be created, `.o.d` and `.i.d`. oThis is
because if `.i` depends on `presym.inc`, the dependency will circulate, so
the `.d` file cannot be shared.
* Changed file created with `enable_cxx_exception` to `X-cxx.cxx` from
`X.cxx` to use the mruby standard Rake rule.
### Note
Almost all C sources will need to be recompiled if there are any changes to
`persym.inc` (if not recompiled properly, it will often result in run-time
error). If `gcc` toolchain is used, dependencies are resolved by the `.d`
file, so it become automatically recompile target, but if not (e.g. MSVC),
it is necessary to manually make it recompile target.
Also, even if `gcc` toolchain is used, it may not become recompile target if
external gems does not use the mruby standard Rake rule. In particular, if
the standard rule is overwritten, such as
https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5112/files, `.d` file will not be read,
so be careful.
Due to the above changes, it may not work with the existing build
configurations in cross-compilation (even if we can build without presym),
therefore revert it once (ref https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5202#issuecomment-735412643). Sorry for the lack of consideration.
Previously, presym files were always created in `build/{presym,presym.inc}`.
However, this constraint is inconvenient because it is common to use
multiple build configurations and build targets in a single mruby tree.
Therefore, change to create presym file for each build target.
Chang to compare string length first.
### Benchmark
#### Code
* https://github.com/shuujii/mruby-presym_find-benchmark
#### Result
```console
Previous: 10.240772M i/s (25M times in 2.441222s)
New: 16.412985M i/s (25M times in 1.523184s)
```
To be also able to build mruby without presym in the future. However,
`MRB_QSYM` has been removed and changed as follows:
### Example
| Type | Symbol | Previous Style | New Style |
|---------------------------|--------|------------------|----------------|
| Operator | & | MRB_QSYM(and) | MRB_OPSYM(and) |
| Class Variable | @@foo | MRB_QSYM(00_foo) | MRB_CVSYM(foo) |
| Instance Variable | @foo | MRB_QSYM(0_foo) | MRB_IVSYM(foo) |
| Method with Bang | foo! | MRB_QSYM(foo_b) | MRB_SYM_B(foo) |
| Method with Question mark | foo? | MRB_QSYM(foo_p) | MRB_SYM_Q(foo) |
| Mmethod with Equal | foo= | MRB_QSYM(foo_e) | MRB_SYM_E(foo) |
This change makes it possible to define, for example, `MRB_IVSYM(foo)` as
`mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "@" "foo")`, which is useful if we support building
without presym in the future.
- `mrb_check_intern()` to return `mrb_value`
- `mrb_intern_check()` to return `mrb_sym` [NEW]
Other new functions:
- `mrb_intern_check_cstr()`
- `mrb_intern_check_str()`
To make packed inline symbols within 31 bits, because the new method
hash tables allows only 31 bits of symbols. They use top 1 bit to maek
unused slots.
leviongit