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Raven Tait
498a80d469
* Detections for default user agents * various updates for user agent detections * Apply suggestions from code review * Rename suspicious_user_agent.yml to suspicious_user_agents.yml --------- Co-authored-by: Nasreddine Bencherchali <nasreddineb@splunk.com>
79 lines
3.5 KiB
YAML
79 lines
3.5 KiB
YAML
name: HTTP Scripting Tool User Agent
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id: 04430b4e-5ca8-4e88-98b5-d6bcf54f8393
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version: 1
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date: '2025-10-09'
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author: Raven Tait, Splunk
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status: production
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type: Anomaly
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description: This Splunk query analyzes web access logs to identify and categorize
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non-browser user agents, detecting various types of security tools, scripting languages,
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automation frameworks, and suspicious patterns. This activity can signify malicious actors
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attempting to interact with web endpoints in non-standard ways.
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data_source:
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- Nginx Access
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search: '`nginx_access_logs`
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| eval http_user_agent = lower(http_user_agent)
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| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
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| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
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| `drop_dm_object_name(Web)`
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| lookup scripting_tools_user_agents tool_user_agent AS http_user_agent OUTPUT tool
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| where isnotnull(tool)
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| rename dest_ip as dest
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| stats count min(firstTime) as first_seen max(lastTime) as last_seen values(tool) as tool
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by http_user_agent dest src_ip status
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| `http_scripting_tool_user_agent_filter`'
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how_to_implement: This analytic necessitates the collection of web data, which can
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be achieved through Splunk Stream or by utilizing the Splunk Add-on for Apache Web
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Server. No additional configuration is required for this analytic.
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known_false_positives: False positives may be present if the activity is part of diagnostics
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or testing. Filter as needed.
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references:
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- https://portswigger.net/web-security/request-smuggling#what-is-http-request-smuggling
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- https://portswigger.net/research/http1-must-die
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- https://www.vaadata.com/blog/what-is-http-request-smuggling-exploitations-and-security-best-practices/
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- https://www.securityweek.com/new-http-request-smuggling-attacks-impacted-cdns-major-orgs-millions-of-websites/
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- https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/master/rules/web/proxy_generic/proxy_ua_hacktool.yml
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- https://help.aikido.dev/zen-firewall/miscellaneous/bot-protection-details
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drilldown_searches:
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- name: View the detection results for - "$dest$"
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search: '%original_detection_search% | search dest = "$dest$"'
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earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
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latest_offset: $info_max_time$
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- name: View risk events for the last 7 days for - "$dest$"
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search: '| from datamodel Risk.All_Risk | search normalized_risk_object IN ("$dest$")
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starthoursago=168 | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime
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values(search_name) as "Search Name" values(risk_message) as "Risk Message" values(analyticstories)
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as "Analytic Stories" values(annotations._all) as "Annotations" values(annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic)
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as "ATT&CK Tactics" by normalized_risk_object | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
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| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`'
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earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
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latest_offset: $info_max_time$
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rba:
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message: Known scripting tool was used against a web request.
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The source IP is $src_ip$ and the destination is $dest$.
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risk_objects:
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- field: dest
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type: system
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score: 31
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threat_objects:
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- field: src_ip
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type: ip_address
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tags:
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analytic_story:
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- HTTP Request Smuggling
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- Suspicious User Agents
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asset_type: Network
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mitre_attack_id:
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- T1071.001
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product:
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- Splunk Enterprise
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- Splunk Enterprise Security
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- Splunk Cloud
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security_domain: network
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tests:
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- name: True Positive Test
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attack_data:
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- data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/attack_techniques/T1190/request_smuggling/nginx_scripting_tools.log
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source: nginx:plus:kv
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sourcetype: nginx:plus:kv
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