Make MSI installer perform pre-requisite checks (#4602)

* #4458 MSI installer checks that the Windows C Runtime and VS Studio 2015 C++ redistributables are present and returns error message if not.
Includes tests to check that the Wix file contains the download URLs and those URLs are not dead.

assets/Product.wxs

@@ -60,6 +60,30 @@
 
     <!--We need to show EULA, and provide option to customize download location-->        
     <Property Id="WIXUI_INSTALLDIR" Value="INSTALLFOLDER" />
+	
+    <!-- Prerequisites check for Windows Universal C time and Visual Studio 2015 C++ redistributables -->
+    <Property Id="UCRTINSTALLED" Secure="yes">
+      <DirectorySearch Id="Windows_System32" Path="[WindowsFolder]System32" Depth="0">
+        <FileSearch Name="ucrtbase.dll"/>
+      </DirectorySearch>
+    </Property>	
+    <Property Id="VCREDISTINSTALLEDX64" Secure="yes">
+      <RegistrySearch Id="VCRedist_RegSearch_x64" Root="HKLM" Name="Version" Type="raw" Win64="yes"
+                      Key="SOFTWARE\Microsoft\DevDiv\VC\Servicing\14.0\RuntimeMinimum"/>
+    </Property>
+    <Property Id="VCREDISTINSTALLEDX86" Secure="yes">
+      <RegistrySearch Id="VCRedist_RegSearch_x86" Root="HKLM" Name="Version" Type="raw" Win64="no"
+                      Key="SOFTWARE\Microsoft\DevDiv\VC\Servicing\14.0\RuntimeMinimum"/>
+    </Property>
+    <Condition Message="$(env.ProductName) requires the Universal C Runtime to be installed. You can download it here: https://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=50410">
+      <![CDATA[Installed OR UCRTINSTALLED]]>
+    </Condition>
+    <Condition Message="$(env.ProductName) requires the Visual Studio C++ 2015 x64 redistributables to be installed. You can download it here: https://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=48145">
+      <![CDATA[Installed OR ("$(var.ProductTargetArchitecture)" = "x64" AND VCREDISTINSTALLEDX64 AND VCREDISTINSTALLEDX64 >= "14.0.23918")]]>
+    </Condition>
+    <Condition Message="$(env.ProductName) requires the Visual Studio C++ 2015 x86 redistributables to be installed. You can download it here: https://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=48145">
+      <![CDATA[Installed OR (VCREDISTINSTALLEDX86 AND VCREDISTINSTALLEDX86 >= "14.0.23918")]]>
+    </Condition>
 
     <Directory Id="TARGETDIR" Name="SourceDir">
       <Directory Id="$(var.ProductProgFilesDir)">

docs/installation/windows.md

@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ There is a shortcut placed in the Start Menu upon installation.
 
 ### Prerequisites
 
-* Install the [Universal C Runtime](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=50410) on Windows versions prior to Windows 10.
+* Install the [Universal C Runtime](https://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=50410) on Windows versions prior to Windows 10.
   It is available via direct download or Windows Update.
   Fully patched (including optional packages), supported systems will already have this installed.
-* Install the [Visual C++ Redistributable](https://my.visualstudio.com/Downloads?pid=2082) for VS2015.
+* Install the [Visual C++ Redistributable](https://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=48145) for VS2015.
 
 ## Deploying on Nano Server
 
-These instructions assume that Windows PowerShell is running on the Nano Server image and that it has been generated by the [Nano Server Image Builder](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server-docs/get-started/deploy-nano-server).
+These instructions assume that Windows PowerShell is running on the Nano Server image and that it has been generated by the [Nano Server Image Builder](https://technet.microsoft.com/windows-server-docs/get-started/deploy-nano-server).
 Nano Server is a "headless" OS and deployment of PowerShell Core binaries can happen in two different ways:
 
 1. Offline - Mount the Nano Server VHD and unzip the contents of the zip file to your chosen location within the mounted image.

test/powershell/Installer/WindowsInstaller.Tests.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+$thisTestFolder = Split-Path $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path -Parent
+$wixProductFile = Join-Path $thisTestFolder "..\..\..\assets\Product.wxs"
+
+Describe "Windows Installer" -Tags "Scenario" {
+
+    Context "Universal C Runtime Download Link" {
+        $universalCRuntimeDownloadLink = 'https://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=50410'
+        It "Wix file should have download link about Universal C runtime" {
+           (Get-Content $wixProductFile -Raw).Contains($universalCRuntimeDownloadLink) | Should Be $true
+        }
+        It "Should have download link about Universal C runtime that is reachable" {
+           (Invoke-WebRequest $universalCRuntimeDownloadLink.Replace("https://",'http://')) | Should Not Be $null
+        }
+    }
+
+    Context "Visual Studio C++ Redistributables Link" {
+        $visualStudioCPlusPlusRedistributablesDownloadLink = 'https://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=48145'
+        It "WiX file should have documentation about Visual Studio C++ redistributables" {
+           (Get-Content $wixProductFile -Raw).Contains($visualStudioCPlusPlusRedistributablesDownloadLink) | Should Be $true
+        }
+        It "Should have download link about Universal C runtime that is reachable" {
+           (Invoke-WebRequest $visualStudioCPlusPlusRedistributablesDownloadLink.Replace("https://",'http://')) | Should Not Be $null
+        }
+    }
+
+}