Merge pull request #3520 from jake-the-dev/tests/extensions-modules

TESTS | modules: add baseline coverage specs for all module categories

.bundle/config

@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@
 ---
-BUNDLE_WITHOUT: "development:test"
 BUNDLE_WITH: "geoip:ext_msf:ext_notifications:ext_dns:ext_qrcode"

.gitignore

@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ beef.log
 test/msf-test
 extensions/admin_ui/media/javascript-min/
 custom-config.yaml
+
+# Generated at runtime by Hook_default_browser#pre_send
+modules/host/hook_default_browser/bounce_to_ie_configured.pdf
+
+# Generated at runtime by browser/spyder_eye#post_execute (and possibly other capture modules)
+screenshot_*.png
 .DS_Store
 .gitignore
 .rvmrc

.rspec

@@ -2,3 +2,5 @@
 --color
 --require spec_helper
 -I .
+--tag ~run_on_browserstack
+--tag ~run_on_long_tests

.simplecov

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# SimpleCov configuration file
+# This provides a cleaner alternative to configuring SimpleCov in spec_helper.rb
+
+SimpleCov.configure do
+  # Basic filters
+  add_filter '/spec/'
+  add_filter '/config/'
+  add_filter '/test/'
+
+  # Group coverage by component
+  add_group 'Core', 'core'
+  add_group 'Extensions', 'extensions'
+  add_group 'Modules', 'modules'
+
+  # Track files based on coverage focus
+  if ENV['COVERAGE'] == 'core'
+    track_files 'core/**/*.rb'
+  elsif ENV['COVERAGE'] == 'extensions'
+    track_files 'extensions/**/*.rb'
+  elsif ENV['COVERAGE'] == 'modules'
+    track_files 'modules/**/*.rb'
+  else
+    # Default: track everything
+    track_files '{core,extensions,modules}/**/*.rb'
+  end
+
+  # Coverage thresholds
+  minimum_coverage 80 if ENV['CI']
+
+  # Formatters
+  formatter SimpleCov::Formatter::HTMLFormatter
+end

Rakefile

@@ -5,12 +5,82 @@
 #
 require 'rspec/core/rake_task'
 
-task :default => ["short"]
+task default: ['short']
 
-RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:short) do |task|
-  task.rspec_opts = ['--tag ~run_on_browserstack', '--tag ~run_on_long_tests']
+# Run rspec with an explicit file list (avoids envs that only run 557).
+# Note: when run with the full file list, module specs load after extensions; the Dns stub in
+# network_spec must not run before the real Dns extension (dns_spec) or you get "superclass mismatch".
+desc 'Run short spec suite (all specs except browserstack/long)'
+task :short do
+  short_files = Dir[File.join(Dir.pwd, 'spec', '**', '*_spec.rb')].sort
+  $stderr.puts "[rake short] spec files=#{short_files.size}"
+  abort '[rake short] Expected 60+ spec files; check you are in project root.' if short_files.size < 60
+  opts = [
+    '--tag', '~run_on_browserstack',
+    '--tag', '~run_on_long_tests'
+  ]
+  ok = system('bundle', 'exec', 'rspec', *short_files, *opts)
+  abort 'rspec failed' unless ok
 end
 
+# Legacy namespace for backward compatibility
+namespace :coverage do
+  task :modules => 'coverage_modules'
+  task :core => 'coverage_core'
+  task :extensions => 'coverage_extensions'
+  task :all => 'coverage'
+end
+
+# Base spec tasks
+RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:spec) do |t|
+  t.pattern = 'spec/**/*_spec.rb'
+  t.rspec_opts = ['--tag', '~run_on_browserstack', '--tag', '~run_on_long_tests']
+end
+
+RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:spec_core) do |t|
+  t.pattern = 'spec/beef/core/**/*_spec.rb'
+  t.rspec_opts = ['--tag', '~run_on_browserstack', '--tag', '~run_on_long_tests']
+end
+
+RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:spec_extensions) do |t|
+  t.pattern = 'spec/beef/extensions/**/*_spec.rb'
+  t.rspec_opts = ['--tag', '~run_on_browserstack', '--tag', '~run_on_long_tests']
+end
+
+RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:spec_modules) do |t|
+  t.pattern = 'spec/beef/modules/**/*_spec.rb'
+  t.rspec_opts = ['--tag', '~run_on_browserstack', '--tag', '~run_on_long_tests']
+end
+
+# Coverage tasks using environment variables for cleaner configuration
+desc 'Run all specs with complete coverage tracking'
+task :coverage do
+  ENV['COVERAGE'] = 'all'
+  Rake::Task['spec'].invoke
+end
+
+desc 'Run core specs with coverage'
+task :coverage_core do
+  ENV['COVERAGE'] = 'core'
+  Rake::Task['spec_core'].invoke
+end
+
+desc 'Run extensions specs with coverage'
+task :coverage_extensions do
+  ENV['COVERAGE'] = 'extensions'
+  Rake::Task['spec_extensions'].invoke
+end
+
+desc 'Run modules specs with coverage'
+task :coverage_modules do
+  ENV['COVERAGE'] = 'modules'
+  Rake::Task['spec_modules'].invoke
+end
+
+# Alias for backward compatibility
+task :coverage_complete => :coverage
+task :coverage_all => :coverage
+
 RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:long) do |task|
   task.rspec_opts = ['--tag ~run_on_browserstack']
 end

spec/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+# BeEF Test Suite
+
+This directory contains the BeEF test suite using RSpec and SimpleCov for comprehensive testing and coverage reporting.
+
+## Setup
+
+### Prerequisites
+- Ruby 3.0+
+- Bundler
+- All gems from `Gemfile`
+
+### Configuration Files
+- `spec/spec_helper.rb` - Main test configuration
+- `.simplecov` - Coverage configuration
+- `spec/support/` - Test helpers and utilities
+
+## Running Tests
+
+### Basic Commands
+
+```bash
+# Run all tests (fast, no coverage)
+bundle exec rake short
+# or
+bundle exec rspec spec/ --tag '~run_on_browserstack' --tag '~run_on_long_tests'
+
+# Run specific component tests
+bundle exec rspec spec/beef/core/
+bundle exec rspec spec/beef/extensions/
+bundle exec rspec spec/beef/modules/
+```
+
+### Coverage Commands
+
+```bash
+# Complete coverage (recommended)
+bundle exec rake coverage
+# or
+COVERAGE=all bundle exec rspec spec/ --tag '~run_on_browserstack' --tag '~run_on_long_tests'
+
+# Component-specific coverage
+bundle exec rake coverage_core        # Core only
+bundle exec rake coverage_modules     # Modules only
+bundle exec rake coverage_extensions  # Extensions only
+```
+
+### Legacy Commands (Still Supported)
+
+```bash
+# Old coverage commands still work
+bundle exec rake coverage:modules
+bundle exec rake coverage:all
+bundle exec rake coverage_complete
+```
+
+## Architecture
+
+### SimpleCov Configuration
+
+- **Environment-based**: Uses `COVERAGE=core|modules|extensions|all` environment variable
+- **Grouped reporting**: Separate groups for Core, Extensions, and Modules
+- **Filtered tracking**: Only tracks relevant files based on focus area
+- **HTML reports**: Generated in `coverage/` directory
+
+### Test Organization
+
+- **Centralized config**: `BeefTestConfig` module provides test data instead of global constants
+- **Component isolation**: Each component (core/extensions/modules) has dedicated specs
+- **Branch coverage**: Realistic test data for conditional logic testing
+- **Mock management**: Proper mocking of external dependencies
+
+### Rake Tasks
+
+- **Clean separation**: Base `spec*` tasks vs coverage `coverage*` tasks
+- **Environment variables**: Coverage controlled via `COVERAGE` env var
+- **No sequential execution**: Single test runs with proper filtering
+- **Backward compatibility**: Old task names still work
+
+## Key Improvements
+
+### ✅ **Eliminated Global Constant Collisions**
+- Branch-coverage data for the dynamic module spec loaders lives in
+  `BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:component)` (in `spec/spec_helper.rb`).
+- Each module spec file pulls its own component (`:browser`, `:exploits`, `:host`,
+  `:misc`, `:network`, `:social_engineering`) into a uniquely-named local
+  constant (e.g. `BRANCH_COVERAGE_HOST`), so loading the full suite no longer
+  triggers "already initialized constant" warnings or silently overwrites data.
+
+### ✅ **Simplified Coverage Logic**
+- Cleaner filtering using `track_files` instead of complex `add_filter` logic
+- Environment variable `COVERAGE` instead of `COVERAGE_FOCUS`
+
+### ✅ **Better Test Organization**
+- Centralized test configuration in `BeefTestConfig`
+- Component-specific test data loading
+- Reduced code duplication
+
+### ✅ **Cleaner Rake Tasks**
+- Single execution instead of sequential runs
+- Proper environment variable usage
+- Backward compatibility maintained
+
+### ✅ **Standard Patterns**
+- Uses `.simplecov` config file (standard practice)
+- Follows RSpec best practices
+- Better separation of concerns
+
+## Module Spec Pattern (dynamic loaders)
+
+Specs under `spec/beef/modules/**/<category>_spec.rb` walk every
+`modules/<category>/**/module.rb` file and generate a `RSpec.describe` block per
+class. They cover:
+
+- `.options` returns an `Array` (when defined)
+- `#pre_send` runs without raising (when defined)
+- `#post_execute` runs without raising (when defined)
+- An extra `#post_execute` example with a realistic datastore for any module
+  listed in `BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:category)`
+
+Trade-off: this is a coverage-driving baseline. The `expect { ... }.not_to
+raise_error` assertion catches load failures, missing constants, nil crashes,
+and undefined methods, but it does not assert behavioural correctness. Add
+targeted assertions for high-value modules (see the `Wordpress_add_user` and
+`Test_get_variable` examples in `spec/beef/modules/misc/misc_spec.rb`).
+
+## Coverage Focus Areas
+
+- **core**: Framework core functionality
+- **extensions**: Extension modules
+- **modules**: Command modules (main focus)
+- **all**: Complete coverage across all areas
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### Common Issues
+
+1. **"already initialized constant" warnings**
+   - Fixed by using centralized config instead of global constants
+
+2. **Low coverage percentages**
+   - Use `COVERAGE=all` for complete coverage
+   - Ensure realistic test data triggers conditional paths
+
+3. **Test failures**
+   - Check that mocks are properly configured
+   - Verify test data matches module expectations
+
+### Debug Commands
+
+```bash
+# Run with debug output
+bundle exec rspec --format documentation
+
+# Run single test file
+bundle exec rspec spec/beef/modules/browser/browser_spec.rb
+
+# Check coverage report
+open coverage/index.html
+```
+
+## Contributing
+
+When adding new tests:
+
+1. Use `BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:component)` for branch test data
+2. Add realistic datastore values that trigger conditional logic
+3. Mock external dependencies (database, network, etc.)
+4. Follow existing patterns for consistency

spec/beef/core/filter/base_spec.rb

@@ -400,14 +400,14 @@ RSpec.describe BeEF::Filters do
       expect(BeEF::Filters.has_valid_browser_details_chars?('')).to be(false)
     end
 
-    it 'returns false when string only has allowed chars' do
-      # Method returns true when regex matches (invalid char found); false when only valid chars
-      expect(BeEF::Filters.has_valid_browser_details_chars?('abc')).to be(false)
-      expect(BeEF::Filters.has_valid_browser_details_chars?('a-b (c)')).to be(false)
+    it 'returns true when string only has allowed chars' do
+      # Method returns nil-on-no-match: nil.nil? == true, so a fully-valid string returns true.
+      expect(BeEF::Filters.has_valid_browser_details_chars?('abc')).to be(true)
+      expect(BeEF::Filters.has_valid_browser_details_chars?('a-b (c)')).to be(true)
     end
 
-    it 'returns true when string contains disallowed character' do
-      expect(BeEF::Filters.has_valid_browser_details_chars?('ab@c')).to be(true)
+    it 'returns false when string contains disallowed character' do
+      expect(BeEF::Filters.has_valid_browser_details_chars?('ab@c')).to be(false)
     end
   end
 

spec/beef/modules/browser/browser_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/browser/ (including hooked_origin).
+# Branch coverage: extra post_execute for modules that set BrowserDetails when results match.
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+browser_module_paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/browser/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+# Load branch coverage data from centralised config
+BRANCH_COVERAGE_BROWSER = BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:browser)
+
+browser_module_paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  branch_key = File.dirname(path).sub("#{project_root}/", '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_url_str).and_return('http://127.0.0.1:3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          # Some modules (e.g. Spyder_eye) write screenshot files to $home_dir on the success path.
+          # Stub File.open with a block-aware double so the test never touches the real filesystem.
+          file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+          allow(File).to receive(:open) do |*_args, &block|
+            block ? block.call(file_double) : file_double
+          end
+
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+
+        if BRANCH_COVERAGE_BROWSER[branch_key]
+          it 'runs branch path with realistic datastore' do
+            branch = BRANCH_COVERAGE_BROWSER[branch_key]
+
+            handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+            allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw)
+            allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+            allow(BeEF::Core::Models::BrowserDetails).to receive(:set)
+            instance = build_command_instance(described_class, branch[:datastore])
+            expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/chrome_extensions/chrome_extensions_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/chrome_extensions/.
+# Each directory is tested for .options (when present) and #post_execute.
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+chrome_module_paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/chrome_extensions/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+chrome_module_paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'return' => '', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'return' => '', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/debug/debug_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/debug/.
+# Each directory is tested for .options (when present) and #post_execute.
+# See test_beef_debugs_spec.rb for integration/E2E tests (BrowserStack).
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+debug_module_paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/debug/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+debug_module_paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_redirect).with(anything, anything).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/exploits/exploits_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/exploits/.
+# Branch coverage: extra post_execute for modules with conditional branches
+# (driven by BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:exploits) in spec_helper.rb).
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+exploit_module_paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/exploits/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+BRANCH_COVERAGE_EXPLOITS = BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:exploits)
+
+exploit_module_paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  branch_key = File.dirname(path).sub("#{project_root}/", '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, {})
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, {})
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+
+        if BRANCH_COVERAGE_EXPLOITS[branch_key]
+          it 'runs branch path with realistic datastore' do
+            raw = BRANCH_COVERAGE_EXPLOITS[branch_key]
+            branches = raw.is_a?(Array) ? raw : [raw]
+
+            # NetworkService / NetworkHost belong to the network extension and may not be
+            # loaded during a modules-only spec run. Provide class doubles per-example
+            # so `allow(...).to receive(:create)` resolves regardless.
+            stub_const('BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkService', Class.new { def self.create(*); end }) unless defined?(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkService)
+            stub_const('BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkHost', Class.new { def self.create(*); end }) unless defined?(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkHost)
+
+            branches.each do |branch|
+              handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+              allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+              allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+              allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+              allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+              allow(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkService).to receive(:create)
+              allow(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkHost).to receive(:create)
+              allow(BeEF::Filters).to receive(:is_valid_ip?).and_return(true)
+              if branch[:config_get]
+                config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+                allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+                allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything) do |key|
+                  branch[:config_get].key?(key) ? branch[:config_get][key] : '127.0.0.1'
+                end
+                allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+              end
+              instance = build_command_instance(described_class, branch[:datastore])
+              expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/host/host_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/host/.
+# Each directory is tested for .options (when present), #pre_send, and #post_execute.
+# Branch coverage: extra post_execute runs for modules listed in
+# BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:host) (defined in spec_helper.rb).
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+host_module_paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/host/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+BRANCH_COVERAGE_HOST = BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:host)
+
+host_module_paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  branch_key = File.dirname(path).sub("#{project_root}/", '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_url_str).and_return('http://127.0.0.1:3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          # Stub File.open so Hook_default_browser#pre_send doesn't read/write the real
+          # bounce_to_ie_configured.pdf in modules/host/hook_default_browser/.
+          # The source calls File.open(path, 'w') without a block and File.open(path, 'r') { |f| ... } with one.
+          file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+          allow(File).to receive(:open) do |*_args, &block|
+            block ? block.call(file_double) : file_double
+          end
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+
+          file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+          allow(File).to receive(:open).and_return(file_double)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Models::Command).to receive(:save_result)
+          allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:ip).and_return('0.0.0.0')
+          allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:timestamp).and_return('0')
+
+          # Minimal datastore so modules that call .sub/.to_s on keys don't get nil
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+
+        if BRANCH_COVERAGE_HOST[branch_key]
+          it 'runs branch path with realistic datastore' do
+            branch = BRANCH_COVERAGE_HOST[branch_key]
+
+            # NetworkService / NetworkHost belong to the network extension and may not be
+            # loaded during a modules-only spec run. Provide class doubles per-example
+            # so `allow(...).to receive(:create)` resolves regardless.
+            stub_const('BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkService', Class.new { def self.create(*); end }) unless defined?(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkService)
+            stub_const('BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkHost', Class.new { def self.create(*); end }) unless defined?(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkHost)
+
+            handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+            allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+            allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+            file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+            allow(File).to receive(:open).and_return(file_double)
+            allow(BeEF::Core::Models::Command).to receive(:save_result)
+            allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:ip).and_return('0.0.0.0')
+            allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:timestamp).and_return('0')
+            allow(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkService).to receive(:create)
+            allow(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkHost).to receive(:create)
+            allow(BeEF::Core::Models::BrowserDetails).to receive(:get).and_return('Linux')
+            allow(BeEF::Filters).to receive(:is_valid_ip?).and_return(true)
+
+            config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+            allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+            allow(config).to receive(:beef_url_str).and_return('http://127.0.0.1:3000')
+            allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything) do |key|
+              branch[:config_get].key?(key) ? branch[:config_get][key] : '127.0.0.1'
+            end
+            allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+
+            instance = build_command_instance(described_class, branch[:datastore])
+            expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/ipec/ipec_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/ipec/.
+#
+# Some ipec modules reference BeEF::Extension::ETag and
+# BeEF::Extension::ServerClientDnsTunnel which are not loaded in unit tests.
+# We stub these per-example with stub_const so the stubs don't leak across
+# the suite or shadow the real extensions when they happen to be loaded.
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/ipec/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+# Lightweight stand-ins for the extension singletons; no real behaviour required.
+def stub_etag_messages_class
+  Class.new do
+    def self.instance
+      @instance ||= Struct.new(:messages).new({})
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+def stub_dns_tunnel_server_class
+  Class.new do
+    def self.instance
+      @instance ||= Struct.new(:messages).new({})
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    before(:each) do
+      # Per-example stubs (auto-removed after each example).
+      BeEF::Extension.const_set(:ETag, Module.new) unless BeEF::Extension.const_defined?(:ETag)
+      BeEF::Extension.const_set(:ServerClientDnsTunnel, Module.new) unless BeEF::Extension.const_defined?(:ServerClientDnsTunnel)
+      stub_const('BeEF::Extension::ETag::ETagMessages', stub_etag_messages_class) unless BeEF::Extension::ETag.const_defined?(:ETagMessages)
+      stub_const('BeEF::Extension::ServerClientDnsTunnel::Server', stub_dns_tunnel_server_class) unless BeEF::Extension::ServerClientDnsTunnel.const_defined?(:Server)
+    end
+
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything) do |key|
+            case key
+            when 'beef.extension.etag.enable' then true
+            when 'beef.extension.s2c_dns_tunnel.enable' then true
+            when 'beef.extension.s2c_dns_tunnel.zone' then 'example.com'
+            else '127.0.0.1'
+            end
+          end
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, [{ 'name' => 'data', 'value' => 'test' }])
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+          allow(File).to receive(:open).and_return(file_double)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Models::Command).to receive(:save_result)
+          allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:ip).and_return('0.0.0.0')
+          allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:timestamp).and_return('0')
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/misc/misc_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/misc/ (including subdirs).
+# Branch coverage: extra post_execute runs for modules in
+# BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:misc) (defined in spec_helper.rb).
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/misc/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+BRANCH_COVERAGE_MISC = BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:misc)
+
+paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  branch_key = File.dirname(path).sub("#{project_root}/", '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+(?:\w+|BeEF::\w+(?:::\w+)*)/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+(?:\w+|BeEF::\w+(?:::\w+)*)/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Targeted structural assertions for selected misc modules. Higher value than
+      # the generic smoke test: checks option count, names, types and shape.
+      if klass_name == 'Wordpress_add_user'
+        describe '.options (Wordpress_add_user specifics)' do
+          it 'includes wordpress path and user options' do
+            config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+            allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+            allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+            allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+            allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+            allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+
+            options = described_class.options
+            expect(options).to be_an(Array)
+            expect(options.length).to eq(5) # wp_path (parent) + username, password, email, role
+
+            wp_path_option = options.find { |opt| opt['name'] == 'wp_path' }
+            expect(wp_path_option).not_to be_nil
+            expect(wp_path_option['value']).to eq('/')
+
+            username_option = options.find { |opt| opt['name'] == 'username' }
+            expect(username_option).not_to be_nil
+            expect(username_option['value']).to eq('beef')
+
+            password_option = options.find { |opt| opt['name'] == 'password' }
+            expect(password_option).not_to be_nil
+            expect(password_option['value']).to be_a(String)
+            expect(password_option['value'].length).to eq(10) # SecureRandom.hex(5) = 10 chars
+
+            role_option = options.find { |opt| opt['name'] == 'role' }
+            expect(role_option).not_to be_nil
+            expect(role_option['value']).to eq('administrator')
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      if klass_name == 'Test_get_variable'
+        describe '.options (Test_get_variable specifics)' do
+          it 'returns payload_name option with correct structure' do
+            config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+            allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+            allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+            allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+            allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+            allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+
+            options = described_class.options
+            expect(options).to be_an(Array)
+            expect(options.length).to eq(1)
+
+            option = options.first
+            expect(option['name']).to eq('payload_name')
+            expect(option['ui_label']).to eq('Payload Name')
+            expect(option['type']).to eq('text')
+            expect(option['value']).to eq('message')
+            expect(option['width']).to eq('400px')
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          allow(IO).to receive(:popen).and_return(StringIO.new(''))
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+          allow(File).to receive(:open).and_return(file_double)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Models::Command).to receive(:save_result)
+          allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:ip).and_return('0.0.0.0')
+          allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:timestamp).and_return('0')
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+
+        if BRANCH_COVERAGE_MISC[branch_key]
+          it 'runs branch path with realistic datastore' do
+            branch = BRANCH_COVERAGE_MISC[branch_key]
+
+            handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+            allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw)
+            allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+            file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+            allow(File).to receive(:open).and_return(file_double)
+            allow(BeEF::Core::Models::Command).to receive(:save_result)
+            allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:ip).and_return('0.0.0.0')
+            allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:timestamp).and_return('0')
+            instance = build_command_instance(described_class, branch[:datastore])
+            expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/network/network_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/network/ (including ADC).
+#
+# Branch coverage data lives in BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:network)
+# (see spec_helper.rb). Per-example stub_const calls inject a Dns::Server
+# stand-in only when the real Dns extension is not loaded, avoiding the
+# "superclass mismatch for class Server" hazard that arises if the stub
+# leaks into the suite before the real extension's spec loads.
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+BRANCH_COVERAGE_NETWORK = BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:network)
+
+# Lightweight Dns server stand-in used when the real BeEF::Extension::Dns is
+# not loaded (e.g. when running modules-only specs).
+DNS_SERVER_STUB = Class.new do
+  def self.instance
+    @instance ||= Object.new.tap do |o|
+      def o.add_rule(*) 1 end
+      def o.remove_rule!(*) nil end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/network/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  branch_key = File.dirname(path).sub("#{project_root}/", '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    before(:each) do
+      # Irc_nat_pinning calls sleep 30 in post_execute; suppress so the suite doesn't block.
+      allow(Kernel).to receive(:sleep)
+      allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:sleep).and_return(nil)
+
+      # Provide a per-example Dns::Server stand-in only if the real extension hasn't been loaded.
+      # Using stub_const keeps the stub scoped to this example only.
+      unless defined?(BeEF::Extension::Dns) && BeEF::Extension::Dns.const_defined?(:Server)
+        BeEF::Extension.const_set(:Dns, Module.new) unless BeEF::Extension.const_defined?(:Dns)
+        stub_const('BeEF::Extension::Dns::Server', DNS_SERVER_STUB)
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          # If the real Dns extension is loaded (e.g. rake short), stub Server.instance so Dns_rebinding works.
+          if defined?(BeEF::Extension::Dns) && BeEF::Extension::Dns.const_defined?(:Server)
+            dns_instance = double('DnsServer', add_rule: 1, remove_rule!: nil)
+            allow(BeEF::Extension::Dns::Server).to receive(:instance).and_return(dns_instance)
+          end
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_socket).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind_socket).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_cached).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything) do |key|
+            case key
+            when 'beef.extension.dns_rebinding' then { 'address_http_external' => '127.0.0.1', 'port_proxy' => '1234' }
+            when 'beef.module.dns_rebinding.domain' then 'example.com'
+            else '127.0.0.1'
+            end
+          end
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          # Dns_rebinding expects @datastore as Array of option hashes (target, domain, url_callback).
+          datastore = described_class.name.include?('Dns_rebinding') ? [{ 'value' => '192.168.0.1' }, { 'value' => 'example.com' }, {}] : { 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0' }
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, datastore)
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_socket)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind_socket)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_cached)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+          allow(File).to receive(:open).and_return(file_double)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Models::Command).to receive(:save_result)
+          allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:ip).and_return('0.0.0.0')
+          allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:timestamp).and_return('0')
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+
+        if BRANCH_COVERAGE_NETWORK[branch_key]
+          it 'runs branch path with realistic datastore' do
+            raw = BRANCH_COVERAGE_NETWORK[branch_key]
+            branches = raw.is_a?(Array) ? raw : [raw]
+
+            # NetworkService / NetworkHost belong to the network extension and may not be
+            # loaded during a modules-only spec run. Provide class doubles per-example
+            # so `allow(...).to receive(:create)` resolves regardless.
+            stub_const('BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkService', Class.new { def self.create(*); end }) unless defined?(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkService)
+            stub_const('BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkHost', Class.new { def self.create(*); end }) unless defined?(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkHost)
+
+            branches.each do |branch|
+              handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+              allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+              allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+              allow(handler).to receive(:bind_socket)
+              allow(handler).to receive(:unbind_socket)
+              allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+              allow(handler).to receive(:bind_cached)
+              allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+              file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+              allow(File).to receive(:open).and_return(file_double)
+              allow(BeEF::Core::Models::Command).to receive(:save_result)
+              allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:ip).and_return('0.0.0.0')
+              allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:timestamp).and_return('0')
+              allow(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkService).to receive(:create)
+              allow(BeEF::Core::Models::NetworkHost).to receive(:create)
+              allow(BeEF::Filters).to receive(:is_valid_ip?).and_return(true)
+
+              config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+              allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+              allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+              allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+              allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything) do |key|
+                branch[:config_get] && branch[:config_get].key?(key) ? branch[:config_get][key] : '127.0.0.1'
+              end
+              allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+
+              instance = build_command_instance(described_class, branch[:datastore])
+              expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/persistence/persistence_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/persistence/.
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/persistence/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('/hook.js')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          file_double = double('File').as_null_object
+          allow(File).to receive(:open).and_return(file_double)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Models::Command).to receive(:save_result)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/phonegap/phonegap_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/phonegap/.
+# Some modules use #callback instead of #post_execute; only post_execute is tested here.
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/phonegap/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:hook_file_path).and_return('/hook.js')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'Result' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'Result' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/beef/modules/social_engineering/social_engineering_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Unit tests for every module under modules/social_engineering/.
+# Branch coverage data and pre_send skip list live in BeefTestConfig
+# (see spec_helper.rb).
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../spec_helper'
+
+project_root = File.expand_path('../../../../', __dir__)
+paths = Dir[File.join(project_root, 'modules/social_engineering/**/module.rb')].sort
+
+BRANCH_COVERAGE_SOCENG = BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:social_engineering)
+PRE_SEND_SKIP_SOCENG = BeefTestConfig.pre_send_skip_for(:social_engineering)
+
+paths.each do |path|
+  rel = path.sub("#{project_root}/", '').sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+  branch_key = File.dirname(path).sub("#{project_root}/", '')
+  require_path = File.join('../../../../', rel)
+  class_line = File.read(path).lines.find { |l| l =~ /\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/ }
+  next unless class_line
+
+  klass_name = class_line.match(/\bclass\s+(\w+)\s+<\s+BeEF::Core::Command/)[1]
+  require_relative require_path
+  mod = Object.const_get(klass_name)
+
+  RSpec.describe mod do
+    if described_class.respond_to?(:options)
+      describe '.options' do
+        it 'returns an Array' do
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_host).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_proto).and_return('http')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_port).and_return('3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:beef_url_str).and_return('http://127.0.0.1:3000')
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything) do |key|
+            key == 'beef.module.simple_hijacker.templates' ? [] : '127.0.0.1'
+          end
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          expect(described_class.options).to be_an(Array)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:pre_send) && !PRE_SEND_SKIP_SOCENG.include?(klass_name)
+      describe '#pre_send' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind_raw).with(anything, anything, anything, anything, anything).and_return(nil)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap).and_return(nil)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          config = instance_double(BeEF::Core::Configuration)
+          allow(config).to receive(:get).with(anything).and_return('127.0.0.1')
+          allow(BeEF::Core::Configuration).to receive(:instance).and_return(config)
+          allow(IO).to receive(:popen).and_return(StringIO.new(''))
+          # Many pre_send implementations expect @datastore to be an Array of option hashes (name/value)
+          pre_send_datastore = [
+            { 'name' => 'payload', 'value' => 'cmd' },
+            { 'name' => 'payload_handler', 'value' => 'http://127.0.0.1:8080' },
+            { 'name' => 'extension_name', 'value' => 'TestExt' },
+            { 'name' => 'xpi_name', 'value' => 'test.xpi' },
+            { 'name' => 'lport', 'value' => '4444' }
+          ]
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, pre_send_datastore)
+          expect { run_pre_send(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if described_class.method_defined?(:post_execute)
+      describe '#post_execute' do
+        it 'runs without error' do
+          handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+          allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+          allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+          allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+          instance = build_command_instance(described_class, 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'answer' => '', 'cid' => '0')
+          expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+
+        if BRANCH_COVERAGE_SOCENG[branch_key]
+          it 'runs branch path with realistic datastore' do
+            branch = BRANCH_COVERAGE_SOCENG[branch_key]
+
+            handler = instance_double('AssetHandler')
+            allow(handler).to receive(:unbind)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:bind)
+            allow(handler).to receive(:remap)
+            allow(BeEF::Core::NetworkStack::Handlers::AssetHandler).to receive(:instance).and_return(handler)
+            instance = build_command_instance(described_class, branch[:datastore])
+            expect { run_post_execute(instance) }.not_to raise_error
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/spec_helper.rb

@@ -3,14 +3,214 @@
 # Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
 # See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
 #
+
 # Coverage must start before loading application code.
-require 'simplecov'
-SimpleCov.start do
-  add_filter '/spec/'
-  add_group 'Core', 'core'
-  add_group 'Extensions', 'extensions'
-  add_group 'Modules', 'modules'
-  track_files '{core,extensions,modules}/**/*.rb'
+require 'simplecov' and SimpleCov.start if ENV['COVERAGE']
+
+# Branch-coverage datastore/config fixtures for the dynamic module spec loaders.
+# Each spec file under spec/beef/modules/* uses BeefTestConfig.branch_coverage_for(:component)
+# to drive an extra post_execute example with realistic data, hitting conditional branches
+# that the generic smoke test misses.
+#
+# Centralising these here:
+#   - removes duplicate top-level BRANCH_COVERAGE constant definitions across spec files
+#     (which previously triggered "already initialized constant" warnings and silent overrides),
+#   - makes the test data discoverable from one place, and
+#   - matches what spec/README.md claims.
+module BeefTestConfig
+  PRE_SEND_SKIP = {
+    # Modules whose pre_send needs Zip, real filesystem access, or speech tooling we
+    # don't want to invoke in unit tests; the dynamic loader skips the generic pre_send
+    # example for these described_class names.
+    social_engineering: %w[
+      Firefox_extension_bindshell Firefox_extension_dropper Firefox_extension_reverse_shell
+      Text_to_voice Ui_abuse_ie
+    ].freeze
+  }.freeze
+
+  def self.pre_send_skip_for(component)
+    PRE_SEND_SKIP[component] || []
+  end
+
+  def self.branch_coverage_for(component)
+    case component
+    when :browser
+      {
+        'modules/browser/detect_wmp' => { datastore: { 'results' => 'wmp=Yes', 'wmp' => '', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0', 'beefhook' => '1' } },
+        'modules/browser/detect_vlc' => { datastore: { 'results' => 'vlc=Yes', 'vlc' => '', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0', 'beefhook' => '1' } },
+        'modules/browser/detect_office' => { datastore: { 'results' => 'office=Office 2016', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0', 'beefhook' => '1' } },
+        'modules/browser/detect_foxit' => { datastore: { 'results' => 'foxit=Yes', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0', 'beefhook' => '1' } },
+        'modules/browser/detect_activex' => { datastore: { 'results' => 'activex=Yes', 'activex' => '', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0', 'beefhook' => '1' } }
+      }
+    when :exploits
+      {
+        'modules/exploits/vtiger_crm_upload_exploit' => { datastore: { 'result' => 'ok', 'cid' => '0' } },
+        'modules/exploits/router/asus_rt_n12e_get_info' => {
+          datastore: {
+            'result' => '', 'results' => 'ip=192.168.1.1&clients=192.168.1.2,00:11:22:33:44:55&wanip=1.2.3.4&netmask=255.255.255.0&gateway=192.168.1.1&dns=8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4',
+            'beefhook' => '1', 'cid' => '0'
+          },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        }
+      }
+    when :host
+      {
+        'modules/host/detect_cups' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'proto=http&ip=1.2.3.4&port=631&cups=Installed', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/host/detect_airdroid' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'proto=http&ip=1.2.3.4&port=8888&airdroid=Installed', 'airdroid' => '', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/host/get_internal_ip_java' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => '192.168.1.1', 'Result' => '', 'result' => '', 'beefhook' => '1', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/host/get_internal_ip_webrtc' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'IP is 192.168.1.1', 'Result' => '', 'result' => '', 'beefhook' => '1', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        }
+      }
+    when :misc
+      {
+        'modules/misc/wordpress_post_auth_rce' => { datastore: { 'result' => 'ok', 'cid' => '0' } }
+      }
+    when :network
+      {
+        'modules/network/port_scanner' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'ip=1.2.3.4&port=HTTP: Port 80 is OPEN Apache', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'port' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/network/ping_sweep' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'ip=192.168.1.1&ping=10ms', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/network/ping_sweep_ff' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'host=192.168.1.1 is alive', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'host' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/network/get_http_servers' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'proto=http&ip=1.2.3.4&port=80&url=http://1.2.3.4/', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'url' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/network/cross_origin_scanner_cors' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'proto=http&ip=1.2.3.4&port=80&status=200', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/network/detect_burp' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'has_burp=true&response=PROXY 127.0.0.1:8080', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/network/get_ntop_network_hosts' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'proto=http&ip=1.2.3.4&port=3000&data={"hostNumIpAddress":"192.168.1.1"}', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/network/internal_network_fingerprinting' => {
+          datastore: { 'results' => 'proto=http&ip=1.2.3.4&port=80&discovered=Apache&url=http://test/', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'discovered' => '', 'url' => '', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/network/get_proxy_servers_wpad' => [
+          { datastore: { 'results' => 'proxies=PROXY 192.168.1.1:3128', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' }, config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true } },
+          { datastore: { 'results' => 'proxies=SOCKS 192.168.1.1:1080', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' }, config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true } }
+        ],
+        'modules/network/jslanscanner' => [
+          { datastore: { 'results' => 'proto=http&ip=1.2.3.4&port=80&service=HTTP', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' }, config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true } },
+          { datastore: { 'results' => 'ip=1.2.3.4&device=Router', 'beefhook' => '1', 'result' => '', 'cid' => '0' }, config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true } }
+        ],
+        'modules/network/fetch_port_scanner' => {
+          datastore: { 'result' => 'ok', 'beefhook' => '1', 'cid' => '0' },
+          config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true }
+        },
+        'modules/network/cross_origin_scanner_flash' => [
+          { datastore: { 'results' => 'ip=1.2.3.4&status=alive', 'result' => '', 'beefhook' => '1', 'cid' => '0' }, config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true } },
+          { datastore: { 'results' => 'proto=http&ip=1.2.3.4&port=80&title=Apache', 'result' => '', 'beefhook' => '1', 'cid' => '0' }, config_get: { 'beef.extension.network.enable' => true } }
+        ]
+      }
+    when :social_engineering
+      {
+        'modules/social_engineering/fake_lastpass' => { datastore: { 'meta' => 'KILLFRAME', 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'answer' => '', 'cid' => '0' } },
+        'modules/social_engineering/fake_evernote_clipper' => { datastore: { 'meta' => 'KILLFRAME', 'result' => '', 'results' => '', 'answer' => '', 'cid' => '0' } }
+      }
+    else
+      {}
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns [total_lines, covered_lines] for a group, or nil if no group.
+def group_coverage(r, group_name)
+  group = r.groups[group_name]
+  return nil unless group&.respond_to?(:each)
+
+  total_lines = 0
+  covered_lines = 0
+  group.each do |src_file|
+    total_lines += src_file.lines_of_code
+    covered_lines += src_file.covered_lines.compact.size
+  end
+  [total_lines, covered_lines]
+end
+
+# Print one group's coverage (skip forked children: very low coverage or zero).
+def print_group_coverage(r, group_name, color: "\e[36m")
+  total_lines, covered_lines = group_coverage(r, group_name)
+  return unless total_lines && total_lines.positive?
+  return if covered_lines.zero?
+
+  pct = covered_lines.to_f / total_lines * 100
+  # Skip noise from forked children (e.g. 0.03% Core).
+  return if pct < 1.0
+
+  puts "#{color}#{group_name} coverage: #{pct.round(2)}% (#{covered_lines} / #{total_lines} lines)\e[0m"
+end
+
+# Only print from the main process (skip forked children with tiny coverage).
+MIN_COVERAGE_PCT = 5.0
+
+def coverage_from_main_process?(r, focus)
+  case focus
+  when 'all'
+    %w[Core Extensions Modules].any? do |name|
+      total, covered = group_coverage(r, name)
+      next false unless total && total.positive?
+      (covered.to_f / total * 100) >= MIN_COVERAGE_PCT
+    end
+  when 'core'
+    total, covered = group_coverage(r, 'Core')
+    total && total.positive? && (covered.to_f / total * 100) >= MIN_COVERAGE_PCT
+  when 'extensions'
+    total, covered = group_coverage(r, 'Extensions')
+    total && total.positive? && (covered.to_f / total * 100) >= MIN_COVERAGE_PCT
+  when 'modules', nil
+    total, covered = group_coverage(r, 'Modules')
+    total && total.positive? && (covered.to_f / total * 100) >= MIN_COVERAGE_PCT
+  else
+    false
+  end
+end
+
+at_exit do
+  if defined?(SimpleCov) && SimpleCov.respond_to?(:result) && (r = SimpleCov.result)
+    focus = ENV['COVERAGE']
+    next unless coverage_from_main_process?(r, focus)
+
+    case focus
+    when 'core'
+      print_group_coverage(r, 'Core')
+    when 'extensions'
+      print_group_coverage(r, 'Extensions')
+    when 'modules'
+      print_group_coverage(r, 'Modules')
+    when 'all'
+      puts
+      print_group_coverage(r, 'Core')
+      print_group_coverage(r, 'Extensions')
+      print_group_coverage(r, 'Modules')
+    else
+      print_group_coverage(r, 'Modules')
+    end
+  end
 end
 
 # Set external and internal character encodings to UTF-8

spec/support/module_spec_helper.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006-2026 Wade Alcorn - wade@bindshell.net
+# Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF) - https://beefproject.com
+# See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission
+#
+# Helpers for unit specs of command modules (modules/*/module.rb).
+# Use with stubbed config; no REST/API or real server.
+#
+
+module ModuleSpecHelper
+  #
+  # Build a command instance for testing post_execute (or other instance methods).
+  # Uses allocate so we avoid Command#initialize reading from config.
+  # Set @datastore before calling post_execute; results are stored in @results via save().
+  #
+  # @param klass [Class] The command module class (e.g. Test_beef_debug)
+  # @param datastore [Hash] Data to set on @datastore (simulates callback data)
+  # @return [Object] Instance with @datastore set; call post_execute then read instance_variable_get(:@results)
+  #
+  def build_command_instance(klass, datastore = {})
+    instance = klass.allocate
+    instance.instance_variable_set(:@datastore, datastore)
+    instance
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Call post_execute on a command instance and return the saved results.
+  # Use after build_command_instance(klass, datastore).
+  #
+  # @param instance [Object] Command instance from build_command_instance
+  # @return [Hash, nil] The value passed to save() (stored in @results)
+  #
+  def run_post_execute(instance)
+    instance.post_execute
+    instance.instance_variable_get(:@results)
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Call pre_send on a command instance (e.g. before sending the command to the hooked browser).
+  # Use after build_command_instance(klass, datastore). Stub AssetHandler, Configuration, etc. before calling.
+  #
+  # @param instance [Object] Command instance from build_command_instance
+  #
+  def run_pre_send(instance)
+    instance.pre_send
+  end
+end
+
+RSpec.configure do |config|
+  config.include ModuleSpecHelper
+
+  # Stub Kernel.sleep for all module specs so modules that call sleep
+  # (e.g. Irc_nat_pinning's post_execute sleep 30) don't slow the suite.
+  config.before(:each) do |example|
+    if example.metadata[:file_path]&.include?('spec/beef/modules')
+      allow(Kernel).to receive(:sleep)
+    end
+  end
+end