mruby-task: add comprehensive examples demonstrating task features

added six new examples:
- simple.rb: basic task creation and execution
- priority.rb: priority-based scheduling
- suspend_resume.rb: manual task control
- inspection.rb: task status and inspection methods
- statistics.rb: scheduler monitoring with Task.stat
- producer_consumer.rb: task coordination pattern

Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

mrbgems/mruby-task/examples/inspection.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Task Inspection Example
+# Demonstrates task status and inspect methods
+
+puts "=== Task Inspection Demo ==="
+puts
+
+# Create some tasks
+worker1 = Task.new(name: "worker-1") do
+  puts "Worker 1: Starting"
+  puts "Worker 1: My status is #{Task.current.status}"
+  puts "Worker 1: My inspect is #{Task.current.inspect}"
+  sleep 0.5
+  puts "Worker 1: Finished"
+end
+
+worker2 = Task.new(name: "worker-2") do
+  sleep 1
+  puts "Worker 2: Finished"
+end
+
+# Inspect before running
+puts "Initial task states:"
+puts "  worker1: #{worker1.inspect}"
+puts "           status=#{worker1.status}"
+puts "  worker2: #{worker2.inspect}"
+puts "           status=#{worker2.status}"
+puts
+
+# Create an observer task
+observer = Task.new(name: "observer") do
+  sleep 0.2
+
+  puts "\nObserver checking task states:"
+  puts "  worker1: #{worker1.inspect}"
+  puts "           status=#{worker1.status}"
+  puts "  worker2: #{worker2.inspect}"
+  puts "           status=#{worker2.status}"
+
+  sleep 0.5
+
+  # Suspend worker2
+  worker2.suspend
+  puts "\nObserver suspended worker2:"
+  puts "  worker2: #{worker2.inspect}"
+  puts "           status=#{worker2.status}"
+
+  sleep 0.3
+
+  # Resume and terminate
+  worker2.resume
+  sleep 0.1
+  worker2.terminate
+
+  puts "\nObserver terminated worker2:"
+  puts "  worker2: #{worker2.inspect}"
+  puts "           status=#{worker2.status}"
+end
+
+# Run the scheduler
+Task.run
+
+puts "\n=== Final states ==="
+puts "  worker1: #{worker1.inspect} status=#{worker1.status}"
+puts "  worker2: #{worker2.inspect} status=#{worker2.status}"
+puts "  observer: #{observer.inspect} status=#{observer.status}"

mrbgems/mruby-task/examples/priority.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# Priority Scheduling Example
+# Lower priority values = higher priority (0 is highest)
+
+puts "=== Priority Scheduling Demo ==="
+puts
+
+# Create tasks with different priorities
+low_priority = Task.new(name: "low-priority", priority: 200) do
+  5.times do |i|
+    puts "  [Low Priority] iteration #{i}"
+    sleep 0.1
+  end
+end
+
+high_priority = Task.new(name: "high-priority", priority: 50) do
+  5.times do |i|
+    puts "[High Priority] iteration #{i}"
+    sleep 0.1
+  end
+end
+
+medium_priority = Task.new(name: "medium-priority", priority: 128) do
+  5.times do |i|
+    puts "    [Medium Priority] iteration #{i}"
+    sleep 0.1
+  end
+end
+
+puts "Created 3 tasks with different priorities:"
+puts "  High:   priority=50"
+puts "  Medium: priority=128"
+puts "  Low:    priority=200"
+puts
+puts "Tasks will run in priority order (highest first)"
+puts
+
+# Run the scheduler
+Task.run
+
+puts
+puts "=== All tasks completed ==="

mrbgems/mruby-task/examples/producer_consumer.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# Producer/Consumer Example
+# Demonstrates task coordination using shared state
+
+puts "=== Producer/Consumer Demo ==="
+puts
+
+# Shared buffer
+$buffer = []
+$max_items = 10
+$produced = 0
+
+# Producer task
+producer = Task.new(name: "producer") do
+  $max_items.times do |i|
+    # Produce an item
+    item = "item-#{i}"
+    $buffer << item
+    $produced += 1
+    puts "Producer: created #{item} (buffer size: #{$buffer.size})"
+
+    sleep 0.3
+  end
+  puts "Producer: finished producing #{$max_items} items"
+end
+
+# Consumer task
+consumer = Task.new(name: "consumer") do
+  consumed = 0
+
+  while consumed < $max_items
+    if $buffer.empty?
+      puts "Consumer: buffer empty, waiting..."
+      sleep 0.2
+    else
+      item = $buffer.shift
+      consumed += 1
+      puts "Consumer: consumed #{item} (#{consumed}/#{$max_items})"
+      sleep 0.5
+    end
+  end
+
+  puts "Consumer: finished consuming #{consumed} items"
+end
+
+# Monitor task
+monitor = Task.new(name: "monitor") do
+  loop do
+    sleep 1
+    puts "Monitor: produced=#{$produced}, buffer=#{$buffer.size}, remaining=#{$max_items - $produced}"
+    break if $produced >= $max_items && $buffer.empty?
+  end
+end
+
+# Run the scheduler
+Task.run
+
+puts "\n=== All tasks completed ==="
+puts "Final state: produced=#{$produced}, buffer=#{$buffer.size}"

mrbgems/mruby-task/examples/simple.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Simple Task Example
+# Basic usage of mruby-task
+
+puts "=== Simple Task Demo ==="
+puts
+
+# Create a simple task
+Task.new(name: "hello") do
+  3.times do |i|
+    puts "Hello from task, iteration #{i}"
+    sleep 0.5
+  end
+end
+
+# Create another task
+Task.new(name: "world") do
+  3.times do |i|
+    puts "World from task, iteration #{i}"
+    sleep 0.7
+  end
+end
+
+# Run the scheduler - blocks until all tasks complete
+puts "Starting tasks..."
+Task.run
+
+puts "All tasks completed!"

mrbgems/mruby-task/examples/statistics.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# Task Statistics Example
+# Demonstrates Task.stat for monitoring scheduler state
+
+def print_stats(label)
+  stat = Task.stat
+  puts "\n#{label}"
+  puts "  Tick: #{stat[:tick]}, Next wakeup: #{stat[:wakeup_tick]}"
+  puts "  Ready:     #{stat[:ready][:count]} tasks"
+  puts "  Waiting:   #{stat[:waiting][:count]} tasks"
+  puts "  Suspended: #{stat[:suspended][:count]} tasks"
+  puts "  Dormant:   #{stat[:dormant][:count]} tasks"
+end
+
+puts "=== Task Statistics Demo ==="
+
+print_stats("Initial state:")
+
+# Create several tasks
+workers = []
+5.times do |i|
+  workers << Task.new(name: "worker-#{i}") do
+    sleep 0.5
+    puts "Worker #{i} completed"
+  end
+end
+
+print_stats("After creating 5 tasks:")
+
+# Create a monitor task
+monitor = Task.new(name: "monitor") do
+  sleep 0.1
+  print_stats("Monitor: After 0.1s:")
+
+  # Suspend a couple tasks
+  workers[2].suspend
+  workers[3].suspend
+
+  print_stats("Monitor: After suspending 2 tasks:")
+
+  sleep 0.5
+
+  print_stats("Monitor: After 0.5s more:")
+
+  # Resume suspended tasks
+  workers[2].resume
+  workers[3].resume
+
+  print_stats("Monitor: After resuming tasks:")
+
+  # Wait for all workers
+  workers.each(&:join)
+end
+
+# Run the scheduler
+Task.run
+
+print_stats("Final state:")
+
+puts "\n=== Demo complete ==="

mrbgems/mruby-task/examples/suspend_resume.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Suspend and Resume Example
+# Demonstrates manual task control
+
+puts "=== Suspend/Resume Demo ==="
+puts
+
+$counter = 0
+
+# Create a worker task
+worker = Task.new(name: "worker") do
+  10.times do |i|
+    puts "Worker: iteration #{i}, counter=#{$counter}"
+    $counter += 1
+    sleep 0.2
+  end
+  puts "Worker: finished!"
+end
+
+# Create a controller task
+controller = Task.new(name: "controller") do
+  sleep 0.5
+
+  puts "\nController: Suspending worker..."
+  worker.suspend
+  puts "Controller: Worker status = #{worker.status}"
+
+  sleep 1
+
+  puts "\nController: Incrementing counter while worker is suspended..."
+  5.times do
+    $counter += 10
+    puts "Controller: counter=#{$counter}"
+    sleep 0.2
+  end
+
+  puts "\nController: Resuming worker..."
+  worker.resume
+  puts "Controller: Worker status = #{worker.status}"
+
+  # Wait for worker to finish
+  worker.join
+end
+
+# Run the scheduler
+Task.run
+
+puts "\n=== Final counter value: #{$counter} ==="