mirror of
https://github.com/mruby/mruby
synced 2026-06-08 16:11:16 +00:00
Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto
164 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
164 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
User visible changes in `mruby3`
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===
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# Build System
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## `build_config` directory
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Typical build configuration files are located in `build_config`
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directory. For examples:
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* `default`: the default configuration
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* `host-gprof`: compiles with `gprof` for performance tuning
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* `host-m32`: compiles in gcc 32bit mode on 64bit platforms
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* `boxing`: compiles all three boxing options
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* `clang-asan`: compiles with `clang`'s Address Sanitizer
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You can specify the build configuration file with the
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`MRUBY_CONFIG` environment variable (or `CONFIG` in short).
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If the value specified by `MRUBY_CONFIG` is not the path to
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the configuration file, `build_config/${MRUBY_CONFIG}.rb` is
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used. So you can specify it as `rake MRUBY_CONFIG=boxing`,
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for example.
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# Build Configuration Contribution
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When you write a new build configuration description, please
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contribute. We welcome your contribution as a GitHub
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pull-request.
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# Language Changes
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## New Syntax
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We have ported some new syntax from CRuby.
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* Single line pattern matching (`12 => x`);
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mruby matches only with local variables at the moment
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* Numbered block parameter (`x.map{_1 * 2}`)
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* End-less `def` (`def double(x) = x*2`)
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# Configuration Options Changed
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## Renamed for consistency
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Some configuration macro names are changed for consistency (use `MRB_USE_XXX`
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or `MRB_NO_XXX`).
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| mruby2 | mruby3 |
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|--------------------------------|---------------------------|
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| `MRB_ENABLE_ALL_SYMBOLS` | `MRB_USE_ALL_SYMBOLS` |
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| `MRB_ENABLE_CXX_ABI` | `MRB_USE_CXX_ABI` |
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| `MRB_ENABLE_CXX_EXCEPTION` | `MRB_USE_CXX_EXCEPTION` |
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| `MRB_ENABLE_DEBUG_HOOK` | `MRB_USE_DEBUG_HOOK` |
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| `MRB_DISABLE_DIRECT_THREADING` | `MRB_NO_DIRECT_THREADING` |
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| `MRB_DISABLE_STDIO` | `MRB_NO_STDIO` |
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| `MRB_METHOD_T_STRUCT` | `MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT` |
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| `MRB_USE_FLOAT` | `MRB_USE_FLOAT32` |
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| `MRB_WITHOUT_FLOAT` | `MRB_NO_FLOAT` |
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| `ENABLE_LINENOISE` | `MRB_USE_LINENOISE` |
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| `ENABLE_READLINE` | `MRB_USE_READLINE` |
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| `DISABLE_MIRB_UNDERSCORE` | `MRB_NO_MIRB_UNDERSCORE` |
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* `MRB_USE_FLOAT32` is changed from `MRB_USE_FLOAT` to make sure `float` here
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means using single precision float, and not the opposite of `MRB_NO_FLOAT`.
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* `MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT` uses `struct` version of `mrb_method_t`. More
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portable but consumes more memory. Turned on by default on 32bit platforms.
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* `MRB_` prefix is added to those without.
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## `MRB_NO_BOXING`
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Uses `struct` to represent `mrb_value`. Consumes more memory
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but easier to investigate the internal and to debug. It used
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to be default `mrb_value` representation. Now the default is
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`MRB_WORD_BOXING`.
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## `MRB_WORD_BOXING`
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Pack `mrb_value` in an `intptr_t` integer. Consumes less
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memory compared to `MRB_NO_BOXING` especially on 32 bit
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platforms. `Fixnum` size is 31 bits so some integer values
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does not fit in `Fixnum` integers.
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## `MRB_NAN_BOXING`
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Pack `mrb_value` in a floating pointer number. Nothing
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changed from previous versions.
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## `MRB_USE_MALLOC_TRIM`
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Call `malloc_trim(0)` from mrb_full_gc() if this macro is defined.
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If you are using glibc malloc, this macro could reduce memory consumption.
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# Command Line Program
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## `bin/mruby` (by mrbgems/mruby-bin-mruby)
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The mruby3 now automatically detects `*.mrb` files without the `-b`
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switch. Therefore, it can be mixed with the `*.rb` file in combination
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with the `-r` switch and specified at the same time.
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Here's an example that works fine:
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```console
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$ bin/mruby app.mrb
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$ bin/mruby -r lib1.mrb -r lib2.rb app.rb
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$ bin/mruby -r lib1.rb -r lib2.rb < app.mrb
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```
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# Internal Changes
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## New Instructions
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`mruby3` introduces a few new instructions.
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Instructions that access pool[i]/syms[i] where i>255.
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* `OP_LOADL16`
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* `OP_STRING16`
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* `OP_LOADSYM16`
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Instructions that load a 32 bit integer.
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* `OP_LOADI32`
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Instruction that unwinds jump table for rescue/ensure.
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* `OP_JMPUW`
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Renamed from `OP_RAISE`
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* `OP_RAISEIF`
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Instruction that is reserved for the future keyword argument support.
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* OP_SENDVK
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## Removed Instructions
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Instructions for old exception handling
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* `OP_ONERR`
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* `OP_POPERR`
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* `OP_EPUSH`
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* `OP_EPOP`
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No more operand extension
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* `OP_EXT1`
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* `OP_EXT2`
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* `OP_EXT3`
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## Changed Instructions
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Jump addresses used to be specified by absolute offset from the start of `iseq`. Now they are relative offset from the address of the next instruction.
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## `Random` now use `xoshiro128++`.
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For better and faster random number generation.
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## Preallocated Symbol
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Preallocated symbols are interned at compile-time. They can be accessed via symbols macros (e.g. `MRB_SYM()`).
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See [Symbols](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/blob/master/doc/guides/symbol.md).
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