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srv-rr-gh-researchbt
2023-04-17 13:04:05 -07:00
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17 changed files with 334 additions and 52 deletions
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
name: Any Powershell DownloadString
id: 4d015ef2-7adf-11eb-95da-acde48001122
version: 3
date: '2022-04-07'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Michael Haag, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
@@ -31,10 +31,12 @@ references:
- https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/master/atomics/T1059.001/T1059.001.md
tags:
analytic_story:
- Winter Vivern
- Ingress Tool Transfer
- Hermetic Wiper
- Malicious PowerShell
- HAFNIUM Group
- Ingress Tool Transfer
- Data Destruction
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 70
impact: 80
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
name: CMD Carry Out String Command Parameter
id: 54a6ed00-3256-11ec-b031-acde48001122
version: 3
date: '2022-01-18'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Teoderick Contreras, Bhavin Patel, Splunk
status: production
type: Hunting
@@ -31,19 +31,22 @@ references:
- https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/01/15/destructive-malware-targeting-ukrainian-organizations/
tags:
analytic_story:
- Data Destruction
- IcedID
- Log4Shell CVE-2021-44228
- WhisperGate
- Hermetic Wiper
- Living Off The Land
- Azorult
- DarkCrystal RAT
- ProxyNotShell
- Qakbot
- Chaos Ransomware
- Winter Vivern
- DarkCrystal RAT
- AsyncRAT
- Log4Shell CVE-2021-44228
- Hermetic Wiper
- Chaos Ransomware
- IcedID
- WhisperGate
- Data Destruction
- Living Off The Land
- Azorult
- Data Destruction
asset_type: Endpoint
automated_detection_testing: passed
confidence: 50
cve:
- CVE-2021-44228
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
name: GetWmiObject User Account with PowerShell
id: b44f6ac6-0429-11ec-87e9-acde48001122
version: 1
date: '2021-08-23'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Mauricio Velazco, Splunk
status: production
type: Hunting
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ references:
- https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087/001/
tags:
analytic_story:
- Winter Vivern
- Active Directory Discovery
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 50
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
name: GetWmiObject User Account with PowerShell Script Block
id: 640b0eda-0429-11ec-accd-acde48001122
version: 2
date: '2022-05-02'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Mauricio Velazco, Splunk
status: production
type: Hunting
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ references:
- https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/security/hunting-for-malicious-powershell-using-script-block-logging.html
tags:
analytic_story:
- Winter Vivern
- Active Directory Discovery
- Malicious PowerShell
asset_type: Endpoint
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
name: Powershell Fileless Script Contains Base64 Encoded Content
id: 8acbc04c-c882-11eb-b060-acde48001122
version: 2
date: '2022-04-26'
version: 3
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Michael Haag, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
data_source:
- Powershell 4104
description: 'The following analytic utilizes PowerShell Script Block Logging (EventCode=4104)
to identify suspicious PowerShell execution. Script Block Logging captures the command
sent to PowerShell, the full command to be executed. Upon enabling, logs will output
@@ -20,8 +22,6 @@ description: 'The following analytic utilizes PowerShell Script Block Logging (E
During triage, review parallel processes using an EDR product or 4688 events. It
will be important to understand the timeline of events around this activity. Review
the entire logged PowerShell script block.'
data_source:
- Powershell 4104
search: '`powershell` EventCode=4104 ScriptBlockText = "*frombase64string*" OR ScriptBlockText
= "*gnirtS46esaBmorF*" | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime
by EventCode ScriptBlockText Computer UserID | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
@@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ tags:
analytic_story:
- Hermetic Wiper
- Malicious PowerShell
- Winter Vivern
- AsyncRAT
asset_type: Endpoint
- Data Destruction
confidence: 80
impact: 70
message: A suspicious powershell script contains base64 command in $ScriptBlockText$
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ tags:
- EventCode
risk_score: 56
security_domain: endpoint
asset_type: Endpoint
tests:
- name: True Positive Test
attack_data:
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
name: PowerShell Loading DotNET into Memory via Reflection
id: 85bc3f30-ca28-11eb-bd21-acde48001122
version: 2
date: '2022-05-02'
version: 3
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Michael Haag, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
data_source:
- Powershell 4104
description: 'The following analytic utilizes PowerShell Script Block Logging (EventCode=4104)
to identify suspicious PowerShell execution. Script Block Logging captures the command
sent to PowerShell, the full command to be executed. Upon enabling, logs will output
@@ -19,8 +21,6 @@ description: 'The following analytic utilizes PowerShell Script Block Logging (E
During triage, review parallel processes using an EDR product or 4688 events. It
will be important to understand the timeline of events around this activity. Review
the entire logged PowerShell script block.'
data_source:
- Powershell 4104
search: '`powershell` EventCode=4104 ScriptBlockText IN ("*[system.reflection.assembly]::load(*","*[reflection.assembly]*",
"*reflection.assembly*") | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime
by Opcode Computer UserID EventCode ScriptBlockText | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
@@ -38,10 +38,12 @@ references:
- https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/investigating-powershell-command-and-script-logging/
tags:
analytic_story:
- Hermetic Wiper
- Malicious PowerShell
- Winter Vivern
- AgentTesla
- AsyncRAT
- Hermetic Wiper
- Malicious PowerShell
- Data Destruction
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 80
impact: 70
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
name: Schedule Task with HTTP Command Arguments
id: 523c2684-a101-11eb-916b-acde48001122
version: 1
date: '2021-04-19'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Teoderick Contreras, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
@@ -33,8 +33,9 @@ references:
- https://app.any.run/tasks/92d7ef61-bfd7-4c92-bc15-322172b4ebec/
tags:
analytic_story:
- Windows Persistence Techniques
- Living Off The Land
- Winter Vivern
- Windows Persistence Techniques
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 90
impact: 70
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
name: Scheduled Task Deleted Or Created via CMD
id: d5af132c-7c17-439c-9d31-13d55340f36c
version: 6
date: '2022-02-22'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Bhavin Patel, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
@@ -29,18 +29,19 @@ references:
- https://www.joesandbox.com/analysis/691823/0/html
tags:
analytic_story:
- DHS Report TA18-074A
- Qakbot
- NOBELIUM Group
- Windows Persistence Techniques
- Living Off The Land
- Azorult
- DarkCrystal RAT
- CISA AA22-257A
- AgentTesla
- Qakbot
- Trickbot
- Winter Vivern
- Prestige Ransomware
- DarkCrystal RAT
- AgentTesla
- Trickbot
- AsyncRAT
- Living Off The Land
- CISA AA22-257A
- DHS Report TA18-074A
- Azorult
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 80
impact: 70
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
name: System User Discovery With Whoami
id: 894fc43e-6f50-47d5-a68b-ee9ee23e18f4
version: 1
date: '2021-09-13'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Mauricio Velazco, Splunk
status: production
type: Hunting
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ references:
- https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1033/
tags:
analytic_story:
- Winter Vivern
- Active Directory Discovery
- Qakbot
asset_type: Endpoint
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
name: Windows Exfiltration Over C2 Via Invoke RestMethod
id: 06ade821-f6fa-40d0-80af-15bc1d45b3ba
version: 1
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Teoderick Contreras, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
data_source:
- Powershell 4104
description: The following analytic identifies the potential exfiltration of data using PowerShell's Invoke-RestMethod. This technique was observed in the Winter-Vivern malware, which uploads desktop screenshots and files from compromised or targeted hosts. Detecting this TTP can serve as a valuable indicator that a process is attempting to upload files to an external or internal URI link. We recommend examining the process, the files it is trying to upload, and the URL link or C2 destination where the data is being uploaded.
search: '`powershell` EventCode=4104 ScriptBlockText = "*Invoke-RestMethod *" AND ScriptBlockText = "* -Uri *" AND ScriptBlockText = "* -Method *" AND ScriptBlockText = "* Post *" AND ScriptBlockText = "* -InFile *"
| stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime by EventCode ScriptBlockText Computer UserID
| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
| `windows_exfiltration_over_c2_via_invoke_restmethod_filter`'
how_to_implement: To successfully implement this analytic, you will need to enable
PowerShell Script Block Logging on some or all endpoints. Additional setup here
https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/UBA/5.0.4.1/GetDataIn/AddPowerShell#Configure_module_logging_for_PowerShell.
known_false_positives: False positives should be limited. Filter as needed.
references:
- https://twitter.com/_CERT_UA/status/1620781684257091584
- https://cert.gov.ua/article/3761104
tags:
analytic_story:
- Winter Vivern
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 70
impact: 70
message: A PowerShell script on $Computer$ is attempting to transfer files to a remote URL.
mitre_attack_id:
- T1041
observable:
- name: Computer
type: Hostname
role:
- Victim
product:
- Splunk Enterprise
- Splunk Enterprise Security
- Splunk Cloud
required_fields:
- _time
- ScriptBlockText
- Computer
- UserID
- EventCode
risk_score: 49
security_domain: endpoint
tests:
- name: True Positive Test
attack_data:
- data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/malware/winter-vivern/pwh_exfiltration/windows-powershell-xml.log
source: XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational
sourcetype: xmlwineventlog
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
name: Windows Exfiltration Over C2 Via Powershell UploadString
id: 59e8bf41-7472-412a-90d3-00f3afa452e9
version: 1
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Teoderick Contreras, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
data_source:
- Powershell 4104
description: The following analytic identifies potential data exfiltration using the PowerShell net.webclient command. This technique was observed in the Winter-Vivern malware, which uploads desktop screenshots and files from compromised or targeted hosts. Detecting this TTP can serve as a valuable indicator that a process is attempting to upload files to an external or internal URI link. We recommend examining the process, the files it is trying to upload, and the URL link or C2 destination where the data is being uploaded.
search: '`powershell` EventCode=4104 ScriptBlockText = "*Net.webclient*" AND ScriptBlockText = "*.UploadString*"
| stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime by EventCode ScriptBlockText Computer UserID
| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
| `windows_exfiltration_over_c2_via_powershell_uploadstring_filter`'
how_to_implement: To successfully implement this analytic, you will need to enable
PowerShell Script Block Logging on some or all endpoints. Additional setup here
https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/UBA/5.0.4.1/GetDataIn/AddPowerShell#Configure_module_logging_for_PowerShell.
known_false_positives: False positives should be limited. Filter as needed.
references:
- https://twitter.com/_CERT_UA/status/1620781684257091584
- https://cert.gov.ua/article/3761104
tags:
analytic_story:
- Winter Vivern
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 70
impact: 70
message: A PowerShell script on $Computer$ is attempting to transfer files to a remote URL.
mitre_attack_id:
- T1041
observable:
- name: Computer
type: Hostname
role:
- Victim
product:
- Splunk Enterprise
- Splunk Enterprise Security
- Splunk Cloud
required_fields:
- _time
- ScriptBlockText
- Computer
- UserID
- EventCode
risk_score: 49
security_domain: endpoint
tests:
- name: True Positive Test
attack_data:
- data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/malware/winter-vivern/pwh_uploadstring/windows-powershell-xml.log
source: XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational
sourcetype: xmlwineventlog
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
name: Windows Scheduled Task Created Via XML
id: 7e03b682-3965-4598-8e91-a60a40a3f7e4
version: 1
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Teoderick Contreras, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
data_source:
- Sysmon Event ID 1
description: The following analytic identifies the creation of a scheduled task using schtasks.exe, with the flags -create being passed on the command-line along with an XML parameter. This technique has been associated with threat actors, adversaries, and red teamers seeking to gain persistence or achieve privilege escalation on targeted hosts. Notably, the Trickbot and Winter-Vivern malware have been observed employing this method, utilizing an XML file to create scheduled tasks. It is important to monitor and investigate such activity in order to mitigate potential security risks.
search: '| tstats `security_content_summariesonly` count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime from datamodel=Endpoint.Processes
where Processes.process_name=schtasks.exe Processes.process=*create* Processes.process="* /xml *"
by Processes.user Processes.parent_process_name Processes.parent_process Processes.process_name Processes.process Processes.process_guid Processes.process_id Processes.parent_process_guid Processes.dest
| `drop_dm_object_name(Processes)`
| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
| `windows_scheduled_task_created_via_xml_filter`'
how_to_implement: To successfully implement this search you need to be ingesting information
on process that include the name of the process responsible for the changes from
your endpoints into the `Endpoint` datamodel in the `Processes` node. In addition,
confirm the latest CIM App 4.20 or higher is installed and the latest TA for the
endpoint product.
known_false_positives: It is possible scripts or administrators may trigger this analytic.
Filter as needed based on parent process, application.
references:
- https://twitter.com/_CERT_UA/status/1620781684257091584
- https://cert.gov.ua/article/3761104
tags:
analytic_story:
- Winter Vivern
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 70
dataset:
- https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/malware/winter-vivern/scheduledtask/sysmon.log
impact: 70
message: A scheduled task process, $process_name$, with 'create' or 'delete' commands present in the command line.
mitre_attack_id:
- T1053.005
- T1053
observable:
- name: dest
type: Hostname
role:
- Victim
- name: user
type: User
role:
- Victim
product:
- Splunk Enterprise
- Splunk Enterprise Security
- Splunk Cloud
required_fields:
- _time
- Processes.parent_process_name
- Processes.parent_process
- Processes.process_name
- Processes.process_id
- Processes.process
- Processes.dest
- Processes.user
- Processes.process_id
- Processes.parent_process_id
risk_score: 49
security_domain: endpoint
tests:
- name: True Positive Test
attack_data:
- data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/malware/winter-vivern/scheduledtask/sysmon.log
source: XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational
sourcetype: xmlwineventlog
update_timestamp: true
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
name: Windows Screen Capture Via Powershell
id: 5e0b1936-8f99-4399-8ee2-9edc5b32e170
version: 1
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Teoderick Contreras, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
data_source:
- Powershell 4104
description: The following analytic identifies a potential PowerShell script that captures screen images on compromised or targeted hosts. This technique was observed in the Winter-Vivern malware, which attempts to capture desktop screens using a PowerShell script and send the images to its C2 server as part of its exfiltration strategy. This TTP serves as a useful indicator that a PowerShell process may be gathering desktop screenshots from a host system, potentially signaling malicious activity.
search: '`powershell` EventCode=4104 ScriptBlockText = "*[Drawing.Graphics]::FromImage(*" AND ScriptBlockText = "*New-Object Drawing.Bitmap*"
AND ScriptBlockText = "*.CopyFromScreen*"
| stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime by EventCode ScriptBlockText Computer UserID
| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
| `windows_screen_capture_via_powershell_filter`'
how_to_implement: To successfully implement this analytic, you will need to enable
PowerShell Script Block Logging on some or all endpoints. Additional setup here
https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/UBA/5.0.4.1/GetDataIn/AddPowerShell#Configure_module_logging_for_PowerShell.
known_false_positives: unknown
references:
- https://twitter.com/_CERT_UA/status/1620781684257091584
- https://cert.gov.ua/article/3761104
tags:
analytic_story:
- Winter Vivern
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 70
context:
- Source:Endpoint
- Stage:Collection
dataset:
- https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/malware/winter-vivern/pwh_exfiltration/windows-powershell-xml.log
impact: 70
message: A PowerShell script was identified possibly performing screen captures on $Computer$.
mitre_attack_id:
- T1113
observable:
- name: Computer
type: Hostname
role:
- Victim
product:
- Splunk Enterprise
- Splunk Enterprise Security
- Splunk Cloud
required_fields:
- _time
- ScriptBlockText
- Computer
- UserID
- EventCode
risk_score: 49
security_domain: endpoint
tests:
- name: True Positive Test
attack_data:
- data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/malware/winter-vivern/pwh_exfiltration/windows-powershell-xml.log
source: XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational
sourcetype: xmlwineventlog
update_timestamp: true
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
name: WinEvent Scheduled Task Created to Spawn Shell
id: 203ef0ea-9bd8-11eb-8201-acde48001122
version: 2
date: '2021-04-12'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Michael Haag, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
datamodel: []
description: The following query utilizes Windows Security EventCode 4698, `A scheduled
task was created`, to identify suspicious tasks registered on Windows either via
schtasks.exe OR TaskService with a command to be executed with a native Windows
@@ -39,8 +40,9 @@ references:
- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/taskschd/time-trigger-example--scripting-?redirectedfrom=MSDN
tags:
analytic_story:
- Windows Persistence Techniques
- Ransomware
- Windows Persistence Techniques
- Winter Vivern
- Ryuk Ransomware
- CISA AA22-257A
asset_type: Endpoint
@@ -79,3 +81,4 @@ tests:
source: WinEventLog:Security
sourcetype: WinEventLog
update_timestamp: true
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
name: WinEvent Scheduled Task Created Within Public Path
id: 5d9c6eee-988c-11eb-8253-acde48001122
version: 1
date: '2021-04-08'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Michael Haag, Splunk
status: production
type: TTP
datamodel: []
description: The following query utilizes Windows Security EventCode 4698, `A scheduled
task was created`, to identify suspicious tasks registered on Windows either via
schtasks.exe OR TaskService with a command to be executed from a user writeable
@@ -39,15 +40,17 @@ references:
- https://app.any.run/tasks/e26f1b2e-befa-483b-91d2-e18636e2faf3/
tags:
analytic_story:
- Windows Persistence Techniques
- Ransomware
- Ryuk Ransomware
- IcedID
- Active Directory Lateral Movement
- Industroyer2
- CISA AA22-257A
- Windows Persistence Techniques
- Winter Vivern
- Prestige Ransomware
- AsyncRAT
- Ryuk Ransomware
- IcedID
- CISA AA22-257A
- Industroyer2
- Active Directory Lateral Movement
- Data Destruction
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 100
impact: 70
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
name: WinEvent Windows Task Scheduler Event Action Started
id: b3632472-310b-11ec-9aab-acde48001122
version: 1
date: '2021-10-19'
date: '2023-04-05'
author: Michael Haag, Splunk
status: production
type: Hunting
@@ -29,14 +29,17 @@ references:
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/10/18/icedid-to-xinglocker-ransomware-in-24-hours/
tags:
analytic_story:
- IcedID
- Windows Persistence Techniques
- Industroyer2
- DarkCrystal RAT
- CISA AA22-257A
- Qakbot
- Windows Persistence Techniques
- Winter Vivern
- Prestige Ransomware
- DarkCrystal RAT
- AsyncRAT
- IcedID
- CISA AA22-257A
- Industroyer2
- Sandworm Tools
- Data Destruction
asset_type: Endpoint
confidence: 100
impact: 80
+18
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
name: Winter Vivern
id: 5ce5f311-b311-4568-90ca-0c36781d07a4
version: 1
date: '2023-02-16'
author: Teoderick Contreras, Splunk
description: Utilize searches that enable you to detect and investigate unusual activities potentially related to the Winter Vivern malicious software. This includes examining multiple timeout executions, scheduled task creations, screenshots, and downloading files through PowerShell, among other indicators.
narrative: The Winter Vivern malware, identified by CERT UA, is designed to download and run multiple PowerShell scripts on targeted hosts. These scripts aim to gather a variety of files with specific extensions, including (.edb, .ems, .eme, .emz, .key, .pem, .ovpn, .bat, .cer, .p12, .cfg, .log, .txt, .pdf, .doc, .docx, .xls, .xlsx, and .rdg), primarily from desktop directories. In addition to this, the malware captures desktop screenshots and performs data exfiltration using HTTP. To maintain its presence on the targeted host, Winter Vivern also establishes a persistence mechanism, such as creating a scheduled task.
references:
- https://cert.gov.ua/article/3761023
tags:
analytic_story: Winter Vivern
category:
- Malware
product:
- Splunk Enterprise
- Splunk Enterprise Security
- Splunk Cloud
usecase: Advanced Threat Detection