Consistent local vs external resolution of https schema references

Co-Authored-By: Sam Brannen <sbrannen@pivotal.io> See gh-22504
URL Cleanup - Fix broken tests
2026-06-08 17:33:33 +00:00 · 2019-03-31 12:53:13 +02:00 · 2019-03-29 16:02:08 +01:00 · 2019-03-29 16:01:59 +01:00 · 2019-03-29 16:01:48 +01:00 · 2019-03-29 16:01:23 +01:00
10648 changed files with 462798 additions and 992851 deletions
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-root = true
-
-[*.{adoc,bat,groovy,html,java,js,jsp,kt,kts,md,properties,py,rb,sh,sql,svg,txt,xml,xsd}]
-charset = utf-8
-
-[*.{groovy,java,kt,kts,xml,xsd}]
-indent_style = tab
-indent_size = 4
-continuation_indent_size = 8
-end_of_line = lf
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-# Normalize line endings to LF.
-* text eol=lf
-
-# Ensure that line endings for multipart files in spring-web are not modified.
-*.multipart -text
-
-# Ensure that line endings for DOS batch files are not modified.
-*.bat -text
-
-# Ensure the following are treated as binary.
-*.gif   binary
-*.jar   binary
-*.jpeg  binary
-*.jpg   binary
-*.png   binary
-*.vsd   binary
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-<!--
-!!! For Security Vulnerabilities, please go to https://spring.io/security-policy !!!
-->
-**Affects:** \<Spring Framework version>
-
---
-<!--
-Thanks for taking the time to create an issue. Please read the following:
-
- Questions should be asked on Stack Overflow.
- For bugs, specify affected versions and explain what you are trying to do.
- For enhancements, provide context and describe the problem.
-
-Issue or Pull Request? Create only one, not both. GitHub treats them as the same.
-If unsure, start with an issue, and if you submit a pull request later, the
-issue will be closed as superseded.
-->
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-name: Backport Bot
-
-on:
-  issues:
-    types: [labeled]
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - '*.x'
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-jobs:
-  build:
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      issues: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: actions/setup-java@v3
-        with:
-          distribution: 'temurin'
-          java-version: '17'
-      - name: Download BackportBot
-        run: wget https://github.com/spring-io/backport-bot/releases/download/latest/backport-bot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
-      - name: Backport
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          GITHUB_EVENT: ${{ toJSON(github.event) }}
-        run: java -jar backport-bot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --github.accessToken="$GITHUB_TOKEN" --github.event_name "$GITHUB_EVENT_NAME" --github.event "$GITHUB_EVENT"
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-name: "Validate Gradle Wrapper"
-on: [push, pull_request]
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-jobs:
-  validation:
-    name: "Validation"
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: gradle/wrapper-validation-action@v1
@@ -1,42 +1,29 @@
-# Miscellaneous
 *.java.hsp
 *.sonarj
 *.sw*
 .DS_Store
+.settings
+.springBeans
+bin
 build.sh
 integration-repo
 ivy-cache
-argfile*
-activemq-data/
-classes/
-
-# Log files
 jxl.log
 jmx.log
 derby.log
-
-# Gradle artifacts
+spring-test/test-output/
 .gradle
-.gradletasknamecache
+argfile*
+pom.xml
+
 /build
 buildSrc/build
 /spring-*/build
-/framework-bom/build
-/framework-docs/build
-/integration-tests/build
-/src/asciidoc/build
-spring-test/test-output/
-
-# Maven artifacts
-pom.xml
 target/

 # Eclipse artifacts, including WTP generated manifests
-bin
 .classpath
 .project
-.settings
-.springBeans
 spring-*/src/main/java/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF

 # IDEA artifacts and output dirs
@@ -47,6 +34,3 @@ spring-*/src/main/java/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
 out
 test-output
 atlassian-ide-plugin.xml
-
-# VS Code
-.vscode/
@@ -1,34 +1,14 @@
-Juergen Hoeller <jhoeller@vmware.com>
-Juergen Hoeller <jhoeller@vmware.com> <jhoeller@pivotal.io>
-Juergen Hoeller <jhoeller@vmware.com> <jhoeller@gopivotal.com>
-Rossen Stoyanchev <rstoyanchev@vmware.com>
-Rossen Stoyanchev <rstoyanchev@vmware.com> <rstoyanchev@pivotal.io>
-Rossen Stoyanchev <rstoyanchev@vmware.com> <rstoyanchev@gopivotal.com>
-Phillip Webb <pwebb@vmware.com>
-Phillip Webb <pwebb@vmware.com> <pwebb@pivotal.io>
-Phillip Webb <pwebb@vmware.com> <pwebb@gopivotal.com>
-Chris Beams <cbeams@vmware.com>
-Chris Beams <cbeams@vmware.com> <cbeams@pivotal.io>
-Chris Beams <cbeams@vmware.com> <cbeams@gopivotal.com>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com> <apoutsma@pivotal.io>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com> <apoutsma@gopivotal.com>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com> <poutsma@mac.com>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com> <apoutsma@vmware.com>
-Oliver Drotbohm <odrotbohm@vmware.com>
-Oliver Drotbohm <odrotbohm@vmware.com> <ogierke@vmware.com>
-Oliver Drotbohm <odrotbohm@vmware.com> <ogierke@pivotal.io>
-Oliver Drotbohm <odrotbohm@vmware.com> <ogierke@gopivotal.com>
-Dave Syer <dsyer@vmware.com>
-Dave Syer <dsyer@vmware.com> <dsyer@pivotal.io>
-Dave Syer <dsyer@vmware.com> <dsyer@gopivotal.com>
-Dave Syer <dsyer@vmware.com> <david_syer@hotmail.com>
-Andy Clement <aclement@vmware.com>
-Andy Clement <aclement@vmware.com> <aclement@pivotal.io>
-Andy Clement <aclement@vmware.com> <aclement@gopivotal.com>
-Andy Clement <aclement@vmware.com> <andrew.clement@gmail.com>
-Sam Brannen <sbrannen@vmware.com>
-Sam Brannen <sbrannen@vmware.com> <sbrannen@pivotal.io>
-Sam Brannen <sbrannen@vmware.com> <sam@sambrannen.com>
+Juergen Hoeller <jhoeller@vmware.com> jhoeller <jhoeller@vmware.com>
+<rstoyanchev@gopivotal.com> <rstoyanchev@vmware.com>
+<pwebb@gopivotal.com> <pwebb@vmware.com>
+<cbeams@gopivotal.com> <cbeams@vmware.com>
+<cbeams@gopivotal.com> <cbeams@gmail.com>
+<apoutsma@gopivotal.com> <apoutsma@vmware.com>
+<apoutsma@gopivotal.com> <poutsma@mac.com>
+<ogierke@gopivotal.com> <ogierke@vmware.com>
+<dsyer@gopivotal.com> <david_syer@hotmail.com>
+<dsyer@gopivotal.com> <dsyer@vmware.com>
+<aclement@gopivotal.com> <andrew.clement@gmail.com>
+<aclement@gopivotal.com> <aclement@vmware.com>
 <dmitry.katsubo@gmail.com> <dmitry.katsubo@gmai.com>
-Nick Williams <nicholas@nicholaswilliams.net>
+Nick Williams <nicholas@nicholaswilliams.net> Nicholas Williams <nicholas@nicholaswilliams.net> 
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# Enable auto-env through the sdkman_auto_env config
-# Add key=value pairs of SDKs to use below
-java=17.0.5-librca
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#com.springsource.sts.gradle.core.preferences.GradleImportPreferences
+#Thu Aug  9 11:34:43 CEST 2012
+enableAfterTasks=true
+afterTasks=afterEclipseImport;
+enableDependendencyManagement=false
+enableBeforeTasks=true
+projects=;spring-aop;spring-aspects;spring-beans;spring-context;spring-context-support;spring-core;spring-expression;spring-instrument;spring-instrument-tomcat;spring-jdbc;spring-jms;spring-orm;spring-oxm;spring-struts;spring-test;spring-tx;spring-web;spring-webmvc;spring-webmvc-portlet;
+enableDSLD=false
+beforeTasks=cleanEclipse;eclipse;\:spring-oxm\:compileTestJava;
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#com.springsource.sts.gradle.core.preferences.GradleProjectPreferences
+#Tue Feb 21 14:38:31 CET 2012
+com.springsource.sts.gradle.classpath.enableSorting=false
+com.springsource.sts.gradle.rootprojectloc=
+com.springsource.sts.gradle.linkedresources=
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#com.springsource.sts.gradle.core.actions.GradleRefreshPreferences
+#Thu Aug  9 11:34:43 CEST 2012
+enableAfterTasks=true
+afterTasks=afterEclipseImport;
+useHierarchicalNames=false
+enableBeforeTasks=true
+addResourceFilters=false
+enableDSLD=false
+beforeTasks=cleanEclipse;eclipse;\:spring-oxm\:compileTestJava;
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-= Contributor Code of Conduct
-
-As contributors and maintainers of this project, and in the interest of fostering an open
-and welcoming community, we pledge to respect all people who contribute through reporting
-issues, posting feature requests, updating documentation, submitting pull requests or
-patches, and other activities.
-
-We are committed to making participation in this project a harassment-free experience for
-everyone, regardless of level of experience, gender, gender identity and expression,
-sexual orientation, disability, personal appearance, body size, race, ethnicity, age,
-religion, or nationality.
-
-Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include:
-
-* The use of sexualized language or imagery
-* Personal attacks
-* Trolling or insulting/derogatory comments
-* Public or private harassment
-* Publishing other's private information, such as physical or electronic addresses,
-  without explicit permission
-* Other unethical or unprofessional conduct
-
-Project maintainers have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or reject comments,
-commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions that are not aligned to this
-Code of Conduct, or to ban temporarily or permanently any contributor for other behaviors
-that they deem inappropriate, threatening, offensive, or harmful.
-
-By adopting this Code of Conduct, project maintainers commit themselves to fairly and
-consistently applying these principles to every aspect of managing this project. Project
-maintainers who do not follow or enforce the Code of Conduct may be permanently removed
-from the project team.
-
-This Code of Conduct applies both within project spaces and in public spaces when an
-individual is representing the project or its community.
-
-Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be reported by
-contacting a project maintainer at spring-code-of-conduct@pivotal.io . All complaints will
-be reviewed and investigated and will result in a response that is deemed necessary and
-appropriate to the circumstances. Maintainers are obligated to maintain confidentiality
-with regard to the reporter of an incident.
-
-This Code of Conduct is adapted from the
-https://contributor-covenant.org[Contributor Covenant], version 1.3.0, available at
-https://contributor-covenant.org/version/1/3/0/[contributor-covenant.org/version/1/3/0/]
@@ -1,135 +1,295 @@
-# Contributing  to the Spring Framework
+_Have something you'd like to contribute to the framework?  We welcome pull
+requests, but ask that you carefully read this document first to understand how
+best to submit them; what kind of changes are likely to be accepted; and what
+to expect from the Spring team when evaluating your submission._

-First off, thank you for taking the time to contribute! :+1: :tada: 
+_Please refer back to this document as a checklist before issuing any pull
+request; this will save time for everyone!_

-### Table of Contents
+## Understand the basics

-* [Code of Conduct](#code-of-conduct)
-* [How to Contribute](#how-to-contribute)
-  * [Ask questions](#ask-questions)
-  * [Create an Issue](#create-an-issue)
-  * [Issue Lifecycle](#issue-lifecycle)
-  * [Submit a Pull Request](#submit-a-pull-request)
-* [Build from Source](#build-from-source)
-* [Source Code Style](#source-code-style)
-* [Reference Docs](#reference-docs)
-
-### Code of Conduct
-
-This project is governed by the [Spring Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.adoc).
-By participating you are expected to uphold this code.
-Please report unacceptable behavior to spring-code-of-conduct@pivotal.io.
-
-### How to Contribute
-
-#### Ask questions
-
-If you have a question, check Stack Overflow using
-[this list of tags](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/spring+or+spring-mvc+or+spring-aop+or+spring-jdbc+or+spring-transactions+or+spring-annotations+or+spring-jms+or+spring-el+or+spring-test+or+spring+or+spring-remoting+or+spring-orm+or+spring-jmx+or+spring-cache+or+spring-webflux?tab=Newest). Find an existing discussion, or start a new one if necessary.
-
-If you believe there is an issue, search through
-[existing issues](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues) trying a
-few different ways to find discussions, past or current, that are related to the issue.
-Reading those discussions helps you to learn about the issue, and helps us to make a
-decision.
+Not sure what a pull request is, or how to submit one?  Take a look at GitHub's
+excellent [help documentation][] first.


-#### Create an Issue
+## Search JIRA first; create an issue if necessary

-Reporting an issue or making a feature request is a great way to contribute. Your feedback
-and the conversations that result from it provide a continuous flow of ideas. However,
-before creating a ticket, please take the time to [ask and research](#ask-questions) first.
+Is there already an issue that addresses your concern?  Do a bit of searching
+in our [JIRA issue tracker][] to see if you can find something similar. If not,
+please create a new issue before submitting a pull request unless the change is
+truly trivial, e.g. typo fixes, removing compiler warnings, etc.

-If you create an issue after a discussion on Stack Overflow, please provide a description
-in the issue instead of simply referring to Stack Overflow. The issue tracker is an
-important place of record for design discussions and should be self-sufficient.
+## Sign the Contributor License Agreement

-Once you're ready, create an issue on [GitHub](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues).
+If you have not previously done so, please fill out and submit the
+[SpringSource CLA form][]. You'll receive a token when this process is complete.
+Keep track of this; you may be asked for it later!

-Many issues are caused by subtle behavior, typos, and unintended configuration.
-Creating a [Minimal Reproducible Example](https://stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example)
-(starting with https://start.spring.io for example) of the problem helps the team
-quickly triage your issue and get to the core of the problem.
+Note that emailing/postal mailing a signed copy is _not_ necessary. Submission
+of the web form is all that is required.

-#### Issue Lifecycle
+Once you've completed the web form, simply add the following in a comment on
+your pull request:

-When an issue is first created, it is flagged `waiting-for-triage` waiting for a team
-member to triage it. Once the issue has been reviewed, the team may ask for further
-information if needed, and based on the findings, the issue is either assigned a target
-milestone or is closed with a specific status.
+    I have signed and agree to the terms of the SpringSource Individual
+    Contributor License Agreement.

-When a fix is ready, the issue is closed and may still be re-opened until the fix is
-released. After that the issue will typically no longer be reopened. In rare cases if the
-issue was not at all fixed, the issue may be re-opened. In most cases however any
-follow-up reports will need to be created as new issues with a fresh description.
+You do not need to include your token/id. Please add the statement above to all
+future pull requests as well, simply so that the Spring Framework team knows
+immediately that this process is complete.

-#### Submit a Pull Request

-1. If you have not previously done so, please sign the
-[Contributor License Agreement](https://cla.spring.io/sign/spring). You will be reminded
-automatically when you submit the PR.
+## Create your branch from `3.2.x`

-1. Should you create an issue first? No, just create the pull request and use the
-description to provide context and motivation, as you would for an issue. If you want
-to start a discussion first or have already created an issue, once a pull request is
-created, we will close the issue as superseded by the pull request, and the discussion
-about the issue will continue under the pull request.
+If your pull request addresses a bug or improvement, please create your branch
+from Spring Framework's `3.2.x` branch. `master` is reserved for work on new features
+for the next major version of the framework. Rest assured that if your pull
+request is accepted and merged into `3.2.x`, these changes will also eventually
+be merged into `master`.

-1. Always check out the `main` branch and submit pull requests against it
-(for target version see [settings.gradle](settings.gradle)).
-Backports to prior versions will be considered on a case-by-case basis and reflected as
-the fix version in the issue tracker.

-1. Choose the granularity of your commits consciously and squash commits that represent
-multiple edits or corrections of the same logical change. See
-[Rewriting History section of Pro Git](https://git-scm.com/book/en/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History)
-for an overview of streamlining the commit history.
+## Use short branch names

-1. Format commit messages using 55 characters for the subject line, 72 characters per line
-for the description, followed by the issue fixed, e.g. `Closes gh-22276`. See the
-[Commit Guidelines section of Pro Git](https://git-scm.com/book/en/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project#Commit-Guidelines)
-for best practices around commit messages, and use `git log` to see some examples.
+Branches used when submitting pull requests should preferably be named
+according to JIRA issues, e.g. 'SPR-1234'. Otherwise, use succinct, lower-case,
+dash (-) delimited names, such as 'fix-warnings', 'fix-typo', etc. In
+[fork-and-edit][] cases, the GitHub default 'patch-1' is fine as well. This is
+important, because branch names show up in the merge commits that result from
+accepting pull requests, and should be as expressive and concise as possible.

-1. If there is a prior issue, reference the GitHub issue number in the description of the
-pull request.

-If accepted, your contribution may be heavily modified as needed prior to merging.
-You will likely retain author attribution for your Git commits granted that the bulk of
-your changes remain intact. You may also be asked to rework the submission.
+## Mind the whitespace

-If asked to make corrections, simply push the changes against the same branch, and your
-pull request will be updated. In other words, you do not need to create a new pull request
-when asked to make changes.
+Please carefully follow the whitespace and formatting conventions already
+present in the framework.

-#### Participate in Reviews
+1. Tabs, not spaces
+1. Unix (LF), not DOS (CRLF) line endings
+1. Eliminate all trailing whitespace
+1. Wrap Javadoc at 90 characters
+1. Aim to wrap code at 90 characters, but favor readability over wrapping
+1. Preserve existing formatting; i.e. do not reformat code for its own sake
+1. Search the codebase using `git grep` and other tools to discover common
+   naming conventions, etc.
+1. Latin-1 (ISO-8859-1) encoding for Java sources; use `native2ascii` to convert
+   if necessary

-Helping to review pull requests is another great way to contribute. Your feedback
-can help to shape the implementation of new features. When reviewing pull requests,
-however, please refrain from approving or rejecting a PR unless you are a core
-committer for the Spring Framework.

-### Build from Source
+## Add Apache license header to all new classes

-See the [Build from Source](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Build-from-Source)
-wiki page for instructions on how to check out, build, and import the Spring Framework
-source code into your IDE.
+```java
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2013 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */

-### Source Code Style
+package ...;
+```

-The wiki pages
-[Code Style](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Code-Style) and
-[IntelliJ IDEA Editor Settings](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/IntelliJ-IDEA-Editor-Settings)
-define the source file coding standards we use along with some IDEA editor settings we customize.
+## Update Apache license header to modified files as necessary

-### Reference Docs
+Always check the date range in the license header. For example, if you've
+modified a file in 2013 whose header still reads

-The reference documentation is in the [framework-docs/src/docs/asciidoc](framework-docs/src/docs/asciidoc) directory, in
-[Asciidoctor](https://asciidoctor.org/) format. For trivial changes, you may be able to browse,
-edit source files, and submit directly from GitHub.
+```java
+ * Copyright 2002-2011 the original author or authors.
+```

-When making changes locally, execute `./gradlew :framework-docs:asciidoctor` and then browse the result under
-`framework-docs/build/docs/ref-docs/html5/index.html`.
+then be sure to update it to 2013 appropriately

-Asciidoctor also supports live editing. For more details see
-[AsciiDoc Tooling](https://docs.asciidoctor.org/asciidoctor/latest/tooling/).
+```java
+ * Copyright 2002-2013 the original author or authors.
+```

+## Use @since tags for newly-added public API types and methods
+
+e.g.
+
+```java
+/**
+ * ...
+ *
+ * @author First Last
+ * @since 3.2
+ * @see ...
+ */
+```
+
+## Submit JUnit test cases for all behavior changes
+
+Search the codebase to find related unit tests and add additional @Test methods
+within. It is also acceptable to submit test cases on a per JIRA issue basis,
+e.g.
+
+```java
+package org.springframework.beans.factory.support;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for SPR-8954, in which a custom {@link InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor}
+ * forces the predicted type of a FactoryBean, effectively preventing retrieval of the
+ * bean from calls to #getBeansOfType(FactoryBean.class). The implementation of
+ * {@link AbstractBeanFactory#isFactoryBean(String, RootBeanDefinition)} now ensures
+ * that not only the predicted bean type is considered, but also the original bean
+ * definition's beanClass.
+ *
+ * @author Chris Beams
+ */
+public class Spr8954Tests {
+
+    @Test
+    public void cornerSpr8954() {
+        // ...
+    }
+}
+```
+
+
+## Squash commits
+
+Use `git rebase --interactive`, `git add --patch` and other tools to "squash"
+multiple commits into atomic changes. In addition to the man pages for git,
+there are many resources online to help you understand how these tools work.
+Here is one: https://book.git-scm.com/4_interactive_rebasing.html.
+
+
+## Use real name in git commits
+
+Please configure git to use your real first and last name for any commits you
+intend to submit as pull requests. For example, this is not acceptable:
+
+    Author: Nickname <user@mail.com>
+
+Rather, please include your first and last name, properly capitalized, as
+submitted against the SpringSource contributor license agreement:
+
+    Author: First Last <user@mail.com>
+
+This helps ensure traceability against the CLA, and also goes a long way to
+ensuring useful output from tools like `git shortlog` and others.
+
+You can configure this globally via the account admin area GitHub (useful for
+fork-and-edit cases); globally with
+
+    git config --global user.name "First Last"
+    git config --global user.email user@mail.com
+
+or locally for the spring-framework repository only by omitting the '--global'
+flag:
+
+    cd spring-framework
+    git config user.name "First Last"
+    git config user.email user@mail.com
+
+
+## Format commit messages
+
+Please read and follow the [commit guidelines section of Pro Git][].
+
+Most importantly, please format your commit messages in the following way
+(adapted from the commit template in the link above):
+
+    Short (50 chars or less) summary of changes
+
+    More detailed explanatory text, if necessary. Wrap it to about 72
+    characters or so. In some contexts, the first line is treated as the
+    subject of an email and the rest of the text as the body. The blank
+    line separating the summary from the body is critical (unless you omit
+    the body entirely); tools like rebase can get confused if you run the
+    two together.
+
+    Further paragraphs come after blank lines.
+
+     - Bullet points are okay, too
+
+     - Typically a hyphen or asterisk is used for the bullet, preceded by a
+       single space, with blank lines in between, but conventions vary here
+
+    Issue: SPR-1234, SPR-1235
+
+
+1. Use imperative statements in the subject line, e.g. "Fix broken Javadoc link"
+1. Begin the subject line sentence with a capitalized verb, e.g. "Add, Prune,
+   Fix, Introduce, Avoid, etc."
+1. Do not end the subject line with a period
+1. Keep the subject line to 50 characters or less if possible
+1. Wrap lines in the body at 72 characters or less
+1. Mention associated JIRA issue(s) at the end of the commit comment, prefixed
+   with "Issue: " as above
+1. In the body of the commit message, explain how things worked before this
+   commit, what has changed, and how things work now
+
+For examples of this style, issue a `git log --author=cbeams` in the
+spring-framework git repository. For convenience, here are several such commits:
+
+https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework/commit/08e2669b84ec0faa2f7904441fe39ac70b65b078
+https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework/commit/1d9d3e6ff79ce9f0eca03b02cd1df705925575da
+https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework/commit/8e0b1c3a5f957af3049cfa0438317177e16d6de6
+https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework/commit/b787a68f2050df179f7036b209aa741230a02477
+
+## Run all tests prior to submission
+
+See the [building from source][] section of the README for instructions. Make
+sure that all tests pass prior to submitting your pull request.
+
+
+## Submit your pull request
+
+Subject line:
+
+Follow the same conventions for pull request subject lines as mentioned above
+for commit message subject lines.
+
+In the body:
+
+1. Explain your use case. What led you to submit this change? Why were existing
+    mechanisms in the framework insufficient? Make a case that this is a
+    general-purpose problem and that yours is a general-purpose solution, etc.
+1. Add any additional information and ask questions; start a conversation, or
+    continue one from JIRA
+1. Mention the JIRA issue ID
+1. Also mention that you have submitted the CLA as described above
+
+Note that for pull requests containing a single commit, GitHub will default the
+subject line and body of the pull request to match the subject line and body of
+the commit message. This is fine, but please also include the items above in the
+body of the request.
+
+
+## Mention your pull request on the associated JIRA issue
+
+Add a comment to the associated JIRA issue(s) linking to your new pull request.
+
+
+## Expect discussion and rework
+
+The Spring team takes a very conservative approach to accepting contributions to
+the framework. This is to keep code quality and stability as high as possible,
+and to keep complexity at a minimum. Your changes, if accepted, may be heavily
+modified prior to merging. You will retain "Author:" attribution for your Git
+commits granted that the bulk of your changes remain intact. You may be asked to
+rework the submission for style (as explained above) and/or substance. Again, we
+strongly recommend discussing any serious submissions with the Spring Framework 
+team _prior_ to engaging in serious development work.
+
+Note that you can always force push (`git push -f`) reworked / rebased commits
+against the branch used to submit your pull request. i.e. you do not need to
+issue a new pull request when asked to make changes.
+
+[help documentation]: https://help.github.com/send-pull-requests
+[JIRA issue tracker]: https://jira.springsource.org/browse/SPR
+[spring-framework-contrib]: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/spring-framework-contrib
+[SpringSource CLA form]: https://support.springsource.com/spring_committer_signup
+[fork-and-edit]: https://github.com/blog/844-forking-with-the-edit-button
+[commit guidelines section of Pro Git]: https://progit.org/book/ch5-2.html#commit_guidelines
+[building from source]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework#building-from-source
@@ -1,202 +0,0 @@
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@@ -1,38 +1,96 @@
-# <img src="framework-docs/src/docs/spring-framework.png" width="80" height="80"> Spring Framework [![Build Status](https://ci.spring.io/api/v1/teams/spring-framework/pipelines/spring-framework-5.3.x/jobs/build/badge)](https://ci.spring.io/teams/spring-framework/pipelines/spring-framework-5.3.x?groups=Build") [![Revved up by Gradle Enterprise](https://img.shields.io/badge/Revved%20up%20by-Gradle%20Enterprise-06A0CE?logo=Gradle&labelColor=02303A)](https://ge.spring.io/scans?search.rootProjectNames=spring)
+## Spring Framework
+The Spring Framework provides a comprehensive programming and configuration
+model for modern Java-based enterprise applications - on any kind of deployment
+platform. A key element of Spring is infrastructural support at the application
+level: Spring focuses on the "plumbing" of enterprise applications so that teams
+can focus on application-level business logic, without unnecessary ties to
+specific deployment environments.

-This is the home of the Spring Framework: the foundation for all [Spring projects](https://spring.io/projects). Collectively the Spring Framework and the family of Spring projects are often referred to simply as "Spring". 
+The framework also serves as the foundation for [Spring Integration][], [Spring
+Batch][] and the rest of the Spring [family of projects][]. Browse the
+repositories under the [SpringSource organization][] on GitHub for a full list.

-Spring provides everything required beyond the Java programming language for creating enterprise applications for a wide range of scenarios and architectures. Please read the [Overview](https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/overview.html#spring-introduction) section as reference for a more complete introduction.
+[.NET][] and [Python][] variants are available as well.

-## Code of Conduct
-
-This project is governed by the [Spring Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.adoc). By participating, you are expected to uphold this code of conduct. Please report unacceptable behavior to spring-code-of-conduct@pivotal.io.
-
-## Access to Binaries
-
-For access to artifacts or a distribution zip, see the [Spring Framework Artifacts](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Spring-Framework-Artifacts) wiki page.
+## Downloading artifacts
+See [downloading Spring artifacts][] for Maven repository information. Unable to
+use Maven or other transitive dependency management tools? See [building a
+distribution with dependencies][].

 ## Documentation
+See the current [Javadoc][] and [reference docs][].

-The Spring Framework maintains reference documentation ([published](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/) and [source](framework-docs/src/docs/asciidoc)), GitHub [wiki pages](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki), and an
-[API reference](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/). There are also [guides and tutorials](https://spring.io/guides) across Spring projects.
+## Getting support
+Check out the [Spring forums][] and the [spring][spring tag] and
+[spring-mvc][spring-mvc tag] tags on [Stack Overflow][]. [Commercial support][]
+is available too.

-## Micro-Benchmarks
+## Issue Tracking
+Report issues via the [Spring Framework JIRA]. Understand our issue management
+process by reading about [the lifecycle of an issue][]. Think you've found a
+bug? Please consider submitting a reproduction project via the
+[spring-framework-issues][] GitHub repository. The [readme][] there provides
+simple step-by-step instructions.

-See the [Micro-Benchmarks](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Micro-Benchmarks) wiki page.
+## Building from source
+The Spring Framework uses a [Gradle][]-based build system. In the instructions
+below, [`./gradlew`][] is invoked from the root of the source tree and serves as
+a cross-platform, self-contained bootstrap mechanism for the build. The only
+prerequisites are [Git][] and JDK 1.7+.

-## Build from Source
+### check out sources
+`git clone git://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework.git`

-See the [Build from Source](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Build-from-Source) wiki page and the [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md) file.
+### compile and test, build all jars, distribution zips and docs
+`./gradlew build`

-## Continuous Integration Builds
+### install all spring-\* jars into your local Maven cache
+`./gradlew install`

-Information regarding CI builds can be found in the [Spring Framework Concourse pipeline](ci/README.adoc) documentation.
+### import sources into your IDE
+Run `./import-into-eclipse.sh` or read `import-into-idea.md` as appropriate.

-## Stay in Touch
+... and discover more commands with `./gradlew tasks`. See also the [Gradle
+build and release FAQ][].

-Follow [@SpringCentral](https://twitter.com/springcentral), [@SpringFramework](https://twitter.com/springframework), and its [team members](https://twitter.com/springframework/lists/team/members) on Twitter. In-depth articles can be found at [The Spring Blog](https://spring.io/blog/), and releases are announced via our [news feed](https://spring.io/blog/category/news).
+## Contributing
+[Pull requests][] are welcome; see the [contributor guidelines][] for details.
+
+## Staying in touch
+Follow [@springframework][] and its [team members][] on Twitter. In-depth
+articles can be found at the SpringSource [team blog][], and releases are
+announced via our [news feed][].

 ## License
+The Spring Framework is released under version 2.0 of the [Apache License][].

-The Spring Framework is released under version 2.0 of the [Apache License](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0).
+[Spring Integration]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-integration
+[Spring Batch]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-batch
+[family of projects]: https://springsource.org/projects
+[SpringSource organization]: https://github.com/SpringSource
+[.NET]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-net
+[Python]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-python
+[downloading Spring artifacts]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework/wiki/Downloading-Spring-artifacts
+[building a distribution with dependencies]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework/wiki/Building-a-distribution-with-dependencies
+[Javadoc]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api
+[reference docs]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/spring-framework-reference
+[Spring forums]: https://forum.spring.io/
+[spring tag]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/spring
+[spring-mvc tag]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/spring-mvc
+[Stack Overflow]: https://stackoverflow.com/faq
+[Commercial support]: https://springsource.com/support/springsupport
+[Spring Framework JIRA]: https://jira.springsource.org/browse/SPR
+[the lifecycle of an issue]: https://github.com/cbeams/spring-framework/wiki/The-Lifecycle-of-an-Issue
+[spring-framework-issues]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework-issues#readme
+[readme]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework-issues#readme
+[Gradle]: https://gradle.org
+[`./gradlew`]: https://vimeo.com/34436402
+[Git]: https://help.github.com/set-up-git-redirect
+[Gradle build and release FAQ]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework/wiki/Gradle-build-and-release-FAQ
+[Pull requests]: https://help.github.com/send-pull-requests
+[contributor guidelines]: https://github.com/SpringSource/spring-framework/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
+[@springframework]: https://twitter.com/springframework
+[team members]: https://twitter.com/springframework/team/members
+[team blog]: https://blog.springsource.org
+[news feed]: https://www.springsource.org/news-events
+[Apache License]: https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-# Security Policy
-
-## Supported Versions
-
-Please see the
-[Spring Framework Versions](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Spring-Framework-Versions)
-wiki page.
-
-## Reporting a Vulnerability
-
-Please see https://spring.io/security-policy.
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-# Spring Framework Build
-
-This folder contains the custom plugins and conventions for the Spring Framework build.
-They are declared in the `build.gradle` file in this folder.
-
-## Build Conventions
-
-The `org.springframework.build.conventions` plugin applies all conventions to the Framework build:
-
-* Configuring the Java compiler, see `JavaConventions`
-* Configuring the Kotlin compiler, see `KotlinConventions`
-* Configuring testing in the build with `TestConventions` 
-
-
-## Build Plugins
-
-### Optional dependencies
-
-The `org.springframework.build.optional-dependencies` plugin creates a new `optional`
-Gradle configuration - it adds the dependencies to the project's compile and runtime classpath
-but doesn't affect the classpath of dependent projects.
-This plugin does not provide a `provided` configuration, as the native `compileOnly` and `testCompileOnly`
-configurations are preferred.
-
-### API Diff
-
-This plugin uses the [Gradle JApiCmp](https://github.com/melix/japicmp-gradle-plugin) plugin
-to generate API Diff reports for each Spring Framework module. This plugin is applied once on the root
-project and creates tasks in each framework module. Unlike previous versions of this part of the build,
-there is no need for checking out a specific tag. The plugin will fetch the JARs we want to compare the
-current working version with. You can generate the reports for all modules or a single module:
-
-```
-./gradlew apiDiff -PbaselineVersion=5.1.0.RELEASE
-./gradlew :spring-core:apiDiff -PbaselineVersion=5.1.0.RELEASE
-```      
-
-The reports are located under `build/reports/api-diff/$OLDVERSION_to_$NEWVERSION/`.
-                                                                                       
-
-### RuntimeHints Java Agent
-
-The `spring-core-test` project module contributes the `RuntimeHintsAgent` Java agent.
-
-The `RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin` Gradle plugin creates a dedicated `"runtimeHintsTest"` test task for each project.
-This task will detect and execute [tests tagged](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-build-gradle)
-with the `"RuntimeHintsTests"` [JUnit tag](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-tags).
-In the Spring Framework test suite, those are usually annotated with the `@EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent` annotation.
-
-By default, the agent will instrument all classes located in the `"org.springframework"` package, as they are loaded.
-The `RuntimeHintsAgentExtension` allows to customize this using a DSL:
-
-```groovy
-// this applies the `RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin` to the project
-plugins {
-	id 'org.springframework.build.runtimehints-agent'
-}
-
-// You can configure the agent to include and exclude packages from the instrumentation process.
-runtimeHintsAgent {
-	includedPackages = ["org.springframework", "io.spring"]
-	excludedPackages = ["org.example"]
-}
-
-dependencies {
-    // to use the test infrastructure, the project should also depend on the "spring-core-test" module
-	testImplementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
-}
-```
-
-With this configuration, `./gradlew runtimeHintsTest` will run all tests instrumented by this java agent.
-The global `./gradlew check` task depends on `runtimeHintsTest`.            
-
-NOTE: the "spring-core-test" module doesn't shade "spring-core" by design, so the agent should never instrument
-code that doesn't have "spring-core" on its classpath.
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-plugins {
-	id 'java-gradle-plugin'
-}
-
-repositories {
-	mavenCentral()
-	gradlePluginPortal()
-}
-
-ext {
-	def propertiesFile = new File(new File("$projectDir").parentFile, "gradle.properties")
-	propertiesFile.withInputStream {
-		def properties = new Properties()
-		properties.load(it)
-		set("kotlinVersion", properties["kotlinVersion"])
-	}
-}
-
-dependencies {
-	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:${kotlinVersion}")
-	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-compiler-embeddable:${kotlinVersion}")
-	implementation "me.champeau.gradle:japicmp-gradle-plugin:0.3.0"
-	implementation "org.gradle:test-retry-gradle-plugin:1.4.1"
-}
-
-gradlePlugin {
-	plugins {
-		apiDiffPlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.build.api-diff"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.api.ApiDiffPlugin"
-		}
-		conventionsPlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.build.conventions"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.ConventionsPlugin"
-		}
-		optionalDependenciesPlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.build.optional-dependencies"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.optional.OptionalDependenciesPlugin"
-		}
-		runtimeHintsAgentPlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.build.runtimehints-agent"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.hint.RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin"
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-org.gradle.caching=true
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2013 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.build.gradle
+
+import org.gradle.api.DefaultTask
+import org.gradle.api.GradleException
+import org.gradle.api.Plugin
+import org.gradle.api.Project
+import org.gradle.api.Task
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.Input
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskAction
+
+
+/**
+ * Gradle plugin that detects identically named, non-empty packages split across multiple
+ * subprojects, e.g. "org.springframework.context.annotation" existing in both spring-core
+ * and spring-aspects. Adds a 'detectSplitPackages' task to the current project's task
+ * collection. If the project already contains a 'check' task (i.e. is a typical Gradle
+ * project with the "java" plugin applied), the 'check' task will be updated to depend on
+ * the execution of 'detectSplitPackages'.
+ *
+ * By default, all subprojects will be scanned. Use the 'projectsToScan' task property to
+ * modify this value. Example usage:
+ *
+ *     apply plugin: 'detect-split-packages // typically applied to root project
+ *
+ *     detectSplitPackages {
+ *         packagesToScan -= project(":spring-xyz") // scan every project but spring-xyz
+ *     }
+ *
+ * @author Rob Winch
+ * @author Glyn Normington
+ * @author Chris Beams
+ */
+public class DetectSplitPackagesPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
+	public void apply(Project project) {
+		def tasks = project.tasks
+		Task detectSplitPackages = tasks.create("detectSplitPackages", DetectSplitPackagesTask.class)
+		if (tasks.asMap.containsKey("check")) {
+			tasks.getByName("check").dependsOn detectSplitPackages
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+public class DetectSplitPackagesTask extends DefaultTask {
+
+	private static final String JAVA_FILE_SUFFIX = ".java"
+	private static final String PACKAGE_SEPARATOR = "."
+	private static final String HIDDEN_DIRECTORY_PREFIX = "."
+
+	@Input
+	Set<Project> projectsToScan = project.subprojects
+
+	public DetectSplitPackagesTask() {
+		this.group = "Verification"
+		this.description = "Detects packages split across two or more subprojects."
+	}
+
+	@TaskAction
+	public void detectSplitPackages() {
+		def splitPackages = doDetectSplitPackages()
+		if (!splitPackages.isEmpty()) {
+			def message = "The following split package(s) have been detected:\n"
+			splitPackages.each { pkg, mod ->
+				message += " - ${pkg} (split across ${mod[0].name} and ${mod[1].name})\n"
+			}
+			throw new GradleException(message)
+		}
+	}
+
+	private Map<String, List<Project>> doDetectSplitPackages() {
+		def splitPackages = [:]
+		def mergedProjects = findMergedProjects()
+		def packagesByProject = mapPackagesByProject()
+
+		def projects = packagesByProject.keySet().toArray()
+		def nProjects = projects.length
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < nProjects - 1; i++) {
+			for (int j = i + 1; j < nProjects - 1; j++) {
+				def prj_i = projects[i]
+				def prj_j = projects[j]
+
+				def pkgs_i = new HashSet(packagesByProject.get(prj_i))
+				def pkgs_j = packagesByProject.get(prj_j)
+				pkgs_i.retainAll(pkgs_j)
+
+				if (!pkgs_i.isEmpty()
+						&& mergedProjects.get(prj_i) != prj_j
+						&& mergedProjects.get(prj_j) != prj_i) {
+					pkgs_i.each { pkg ->
+						def readablePkg = pkg.substring(1).replaceAll(File.separator, PACKAGE_SEPARATOR)
+						splitPackages[readablePkg] = [prj_i, prj_j]
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return splitPackages;
+	}
+
+	private Map<Project, Set<String>> mapPackagesByProject() {
+		def packagesByProject = [:]
+		this.projectsToScan.each { Project p ->
+			def packages = new HashSet<String>()
+			p.sourceSets.main.java.srcDirs.each { File dir ->
+				findPackages(packages, dir, "")
+			}
+			if (!packages.isEmpty()) {
+				packagesByProject.put(p, packages)
+			}
+		}
+		return packagesByProject;
+	}
+
+	private Map<Project, Project> findMergedProjects() {
+		def mergedProjects = [:]
+		this.projectsToScan.findAll { p ->
+			p.plugins.findPlugin(MergePlugin)
+		}.findAll { p ->
+			p.merge.into
+		}.each { p ->
+			mergedProjects.put(p, p.merge.into)
+		}
+		return mergedProjects
+	}
+
+	private static void findPackages(Set<String> packages, File dir, String packagePath) {
+		def scanDir = new File(dir, packagePath)
+		def File[] javaFiles = scanDir.listFiles({ file ->
+			!file.isDirectory() && file.name.endsWith(JAVA_FILE_SUFFIX)
+		} as FileFilter)
+
+		if (javaFiles != null && javaFiles.length != 0) {
+			packages.add(packagePath)
+		}
+
+		scanDir.listFiles({ File file ->
+			file.isDirectory() && !file.name.startsWith(HIDDEN_DIRECTORY_PREFIX)
+		} as FileFilter).each { File subDir ->
+			findPackages(packages, dir, packagePath + File.separator + subDir.name)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2013 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.build.gradle
+
+import org.gradle.api.*
+import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration
+import org.gradle.api.artifacts.ProjectDependency;
+import org.gradle.api.artifacts.maven.Conf2ScopeMapping
+import org.gradle.api.plugins.MavenPlugin
+import org.gradle.plugins.ide.eclipse.EclipsePlugin
+import org.gradle.plugins.ide.idea.IdeaPlugin
+import org.gradle.api.invocation.*
+
+/**
+ * Gradle plugin that allows projects to merged together. Primarily developed to
+ * allow Spring to support multiple incompatible versions of third-party
+ * dependencies (for example Hibernate v3 and v4).
+ * <p>
+ * The 'merge' extension should be used to define how projects are merged, for example:
+ * <pre class="code">
+ * configure(subprojects) {
+ *     apply plugin: MergePlugin
+ * }
+ *
+ * project("myproject") {
+ * }
+ *
+ * project("myproject-extra") {
+ *     merge.into = project("myproject")
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ * <p>
+ * This plugin adds two new configurations:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>merging - Contains the projects being merged into this project<li>
+ * <li>runtimeMerge - Contains all dependencies that are merge projects. These are used
+ * to allow an IDE to reference merge projects.</li>
+ * <ul>
+ *
+ * @author Rob Winch
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+class MergePlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
+
+	private static boolean attachedProjectsEvaluated;
+
+	public void apply(Project project) {
+		project.plugins.apply(MavenPlugin)
+		project.plugins.apply(EclipsePlugin)
+		project.plugins.apply(IdeaPlugin)
+
+		MergeModel model = project.extensions.create("merge", MergeModel)
+		project.configurations.create("merging")
+		Configuration runtimeMerge = project.configurations.create("runtimeMerge")
+
+		// Ensure the IDE can reference merged projects
+		project.eclipse.classpath.plusConfigurations += [ runtimeMerge ]
+		project.idea.module.scopes.PROVIDED.plus += [ runtimeMerge ]
+
+		// Hook to perform the actual merge logic
+		project.afterEvaluate{
+			if (it.merge.into != null) {
+				setup(it)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Hook to build runtimeMerge dependencies
+		if (!attachedProjectsEvaluated) {
+			project.gradle.projectsEvaluated{
+				postProcessProjects(it)
+			}
+			attachedProjectsEvaluated  = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void setup(Project project) {
+		project.merge.into.dependencies.add("merging", project)
+		project.dependencies.add("provided", project.merge.into.sourceSets.main.output)
+		project.dependencies.add("runtimeMerge", project.merge.into)
+		setupTaskDependencies(project)
+		setupMaven(project)
+	}
+
+	private void setupTaskDependencies(Project project) {
+		// invoking a task will invoke the task with the same name on 'into' project
+		["sourcesJar", "jar", "javadocJar", "javadoc", "install", "artifactoryPublish"].each {
+			def task = project.tasks.findByPath(it)
+			if (task) {
+				task.enabled = false
+				task.dependsOn(project.merge.into.tasks.findByPath(it))
+			}
+		}
+
+		// update 'into' project artifacts to contain the source artifact contents
+		project.merge.into.sourcesJar.from(project.sourcesJar.source)
+		project.merge.into.jar.from(project.sourceSets.main.output)
+		project.merge.into.javadoc {
+			source += project.javadoc.source
+			classpath += project.javadoc.classpath
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void setupMaven(Project project) {
+		project.configurations.each { configuration ->
+			Conf2ScopeMapping mapping = project.conf2ScopeMappings.getMapping([configuration])
+			if (mapping.scope) {
+				Configuration intoConfiguration = project.merge.into.configurations.create(
+					project.name + "-" + configuration.name)
+				configuration.excludeRules.each {
+					configuration.exclude([
+						(ExcludeRule.GROUP_KEY) : it.group,
+						(ExcludeRule.MODULE_KEY) : it.module])
+				}
+				configuration.dependencies.each {
+					def intoCompile = project.merge.into.configurations.getByName("compile")
+					// Protect against changing a compile scope dependency (SPR-10218)
+					if (!intoCompile.dependencies.contains(it)) {
+						intoConfiguration.dependencies.add(it)
+					}
+				}
+				def index = project.parent.childProjects.findIndexOf {p -> p.getValue() == project}
+				project.merge.into.install.repositories.mavenInstaller.pom.scopeMappings.addMapping(
+					mapping.priority + 100 + index, intoConfiguration, mapping.scope)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	private postProcessProjects(Gradle gradle) {
+		gradle.allprojects(new Action<Project>() {
+			public void execute(Project project) {
+				project.configurations.getByName("runtime").allDependencies.withType(ProjectDependency).each{
+					Configuration dependsOnMergedFrom = it.dependencyProject.configurations.getByName("merging");
+					dependsOnMergedFrom.dependencies.each{ dep ->
+						project.dependencies.add("runtimeMerge", dep.dependencyProject)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		});
+	}
+}
+
+class MergeModel {
+	Project into;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2014 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.build.gradle
+
+import org.gradle.api.Plugin
+import org.gradle.api.Project
+import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
+import org.gradle.api.artifacts.ProjectDependency;
+
+/**
+ * Gradle plugin that automatically updates testCompile dependencies to include
+ * the test source sets of project dependencies.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+class TestSourceSetDependenciesPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
+
+	@Override
+	public void apply(Project project) {
+		project.afterEvaluate {
+			Set<ProjectDependency> projectDependencies = new LinkedHashSet<ProjectDependency>()
+			collectProjectDependencies(projectDependencies, project)
+			projectDependencies.each {
+				project.dependencies.add("testCompile", it.dependencyProject.sourceSets.test.output)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void collectProjectDependencies(Set<ProjectDependency> projectDependencies, Project project) {
+		for (def configurationName in ["compile", "optional", "provided", "testCompile"]) {
+			Configuration configuration = project.getConfigurations().findByName(configurationName)
+			if (configuration) {
+				configuration.dependencies.findAll { it instanceof ProjectDependency }.each {
+					projectDependencies.add(it)
+					collectProjectDependencies(projectDependencies, it.dependencyProject)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+}
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.KotlinBasePlugin;
-
-/**
- * Plugin to apply conventions to projects that are part of Spring Framework's build.
- * Conventions are applied in response to various plugins being applied.
- *
- * When the {@link JavaBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link TestConventions}
- * are applied.
- * When the {@link JavaBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link JavaConventions}
- * are applied.
- * When the {@link KotlinBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link KotlinConventions}
- * are applied.
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class ConventionsPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	@Override
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		new JavaConventions().apply(project);
-		new KotlinConventions().apply(project);
-		new TestConventions().apply(project);
-	}
-}
@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.JavaCompile;
-
-/**
- * {@link Plugin} that applies conventions for compiling Java sources in Spring Framework.
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- * @author Sam Brannen
- * @author Sebastien Deleuze
- */
-public class JavaConventions {
-
-	private static final List<String> COMPILER_ARGS;
-
-	private static final List<String> TEST_COMPILER_ARGS;
-
-	static {
-		List<String> commonCompilerArgs = Arrays.asList(
-				"-Xlint:serial", "-Xlint:cast", "-Xlint:classfile", "-Xlint:dep-ann",
-				"-Xlint:divzero", "-Xlint:empty", "-Xlint:finally", "-Xlint:overrides",
-				"-Xlint:path", "-Xlint:processing", "-Xlint:static", "-Xlint:try", "-Xlint:-options",
-				"-parameters"
-		);
-		COMPILER_ARGS = new ArrayList<>();
-		COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(commonCompilerArgs);
-		COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(Arrays.asList(
-				"-Xlint:varargs", "-Xlint:fallthrough", "-Xlint:rawtypes", "-Xlint:deprecation",
-				"-Xlint:unchecked", "-Werror"
-		));
-		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS = new ArrayList<>();
-		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(commonCompilerArgs);
-		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(Arrays.asList("-Xlint:-varargs", "-Xlint:-fallthrough", "-Xlint:-rawtypes",
-				"-Xlint:-deprecation", "-Xlint:-unchecked"));
-	}
-
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, javaPlugin -> applyJavaCompileConventions(project));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Applies the common Java compiler options for main sources, test fixture sources, and
-	 * test sources.
-	 * @param project the current project
-	 */
-	private void applyJavaCompileConventions(Project project) {
-		project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
-				.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().equals(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_JAVA_TASK_NAME))
-				.forEach(compileTask -> {
-					compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(COMPILER_ARGS);
-					compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
-				});
-		project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
-				.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().equals(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_TEST_JAVA_TASK_NAME)
-						|| compileTask.getName().equals("compileTestFixturesJava"))
-				.forEach(compileTask -> {
-					compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(TEST_COMPILER_ARGS);
-					compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
-				});
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.KotlinJvmOptions;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile;
-
-/**
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class KotlinConventions {
-
-	void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withId("org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm",
-				(plugin) -> project.getTasks().withType(KotlinCompile.class, this::configure));
-	}
-
-	private void configure(KotlinCompile compile) {
-		KotlinJvmOptions kotlinOptions = compile.getKotlinOptions();
-		kotlinOptions.setApiVersion("1.7");
-		kotlinOptions.setLanguageVersion("1.7");
-		kotlinOptions.setJvmTarget("17");
-		kotlinOptions.setJavaParameters(true);
-		kotlinOptions.setAllWarningsAsErrors(true);
-		List<String> freeCompilerArgs = new ArrayList<>(compile.getKotlinOptions().getFreeCompilerArgs());
-		freeCompilerArgs.addAll(List.of("-Xsuppress-version-warnings", "-Xjsr305=strict", "-opt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn"));
-		compile.getKotlinOptions().setFreeCompilerArgs(freeCompilerArgs);
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
-import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryPlugin;
-import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryTaskExtension;
-
-/**
- * Conventions that are applied in the presence of the {@link JavaBasePlugin}. When the
- * plugin is applied:
- * <ul>
- * <li>The {@link TestRetryPlugin Test Retry} plugins is applied so that flaky tests
- * are retried 3 times when running on the CI.
- * </ul>
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- * @author Andy Wilkinson
- */
-class TestConventions {
-
-	void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, (java) -> configureTestConventions(project));
-	}
-
-	private void configureTestConventions(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().apply(TestRetryPlugin.class);
-		project.getTasks().withType(Test.class,
-				(test) -> project.getPlugins().withType(TestRetryPlugin.class, (testRetryPlugin) -> {
-					TestRetryTaskExtension testRetry = test.getExtensions().getByType(TestRetryTaskExtension.class);
-					testRetry.getFailOnPassedAfterRetry().set(true);
-					testRetry.getMaxRetries().set(isCi() ? 3 : 0);
-				}));
-	}
-
-	private boolean isCi() {
-		return Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getenv("CI"));
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2019 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-package org.springframework.build.api;
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.net.URI;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import me.champeau.gradle.japicmp.JapicmpPlugin;
-import me.champeau.gradle.japicmp.JapicmpTask;
-import org.gradle.api.GradleException;
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Dependency;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.publish.maven.plugins.MavenPublishPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskProvider;
-import org.gradle.jvm.tasks.Jar;
-import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
-
-/**
- * {@link Plugin} that applies the {@code "japicmp-gradle-plugin"}
- * and create tasks for all subprojects named {@code "spring-*"}, diffing the public API one by one
- * and creating the reports in {@code "build/reports/api-diff/$OLDVERSION_to_$NEWVERSION/"}.
- * <p>{@code "./gradlew apiDiff -PbaselineVersion=5.1.0.RELEASE"} will output the
- * reports for the API diff between the baseline version and the current one for all modules.
- * You can limit the report to a single module with
- * {@code "./gradlew :spring-core:apiDiff -PbaselineVersion=5.1.0.RELEASE"}.
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class ApiDiffPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ApiDiffPlugin.class);
-
-	public static final String TASK_NAME = "apiDiff";
-
-	private static final String BASELINE_VERSION_PROPERTY = "baselineVersion";
-
-	private static final List<String> PACKAGE_INCLUDES = Collections.singletonList("org.springframework.*");
-
-	private static final URI SPRING_MILESTONE_REPOSITORY = URI.create("https://repo.spring.io/milestone");
-
-	@Override
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		if (project.hasProperty(BASELINE_VERSION_PROPERTY) && project.equals(project.getRootProject())) {
-			project.getPluginManager().apply(JapicmpPlugin.class);
-			project.getPlugins().withType(JapicmpPlugin.class,
-					plugin -> applyApiDiffConventions(project));
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void applyApiDiffConventions(Project project) {
-		String baselineVersion = project.property(BASELINE_VERSION_PROPERTY).toString();
-		project.subprojects(subProject -> {
-			if (subProject.getName().startsWith("spring-")) {
-				createApiDiffTask(baselineVersion, subProject);
-			}
-		});
-	}
-
-	private void createApiDiffTask(String baselineVersion, Project project) {
-		if (isProjectEligible(project)) {
-			// Add Spring Milestone repository for generating diffs against previous milestones
-			project.getRootProject()
-					.getRepositories()
-					.maven(mavenArtifactRepository -> mavenArtifactRepository.setUrl(SPRING_MILESTONE_REPOSITORY));
-			JapicmpTask apiDiff = project.getTasks().create(TASK_NAME, JapicmpTask.class);
-			apiDiff.setDescription("Generates an API diff report with japicmp");
-			apiDiff.setGroup(JavaBasePlugin.DOCUMENTATION_GROUP);
-
-			apiDiff.setOldClasspath(createBaselineConfiguration(baselineVersion, project));
-			TaskProvider<Jar> jar = project.getTasks().withType(Jar.class).named("jar");
-			apiDiff.setNewArchives(project.getLayout().files(jar.get().getArchiveFile().get().getAsFile()));
-			apiDiff.setNewClasspath(getRuntimeClassPath(project));
-			apiDiff.setPackageIncludes(PACKAGE_INCLUDES);
-			apiDiff.setOnlyModified(true);
-			apiDiff.setIgnoreMissingClasses(true);
-			// Ignore Kotlin metadata annotations since they contain
-			// illegal HTML characters and fail the report generation
-			apiDiff.setAnnotationExcludes(Collections.singletonList("@kotlin.Metadata"));
-
-			apiDiff.setHtmlOutputFile(getOutputFile(baselineVersion, project));
-
-			apiDiff.dependsOn(project.getTasks().getByName("jar"));
-		}
-	}
-
-	private boolean isProjectEligible(Project project) {
-		return project.getPlugins().hasPlugin(JavaPlugin.class)
-				&& project.getPlugins().hasPlugin(MavenPublishPlugin.class);
-	}
-
-	private Configuration createBaselineConfiguration(String baselineVersion, Project project) {
-		String baseline = String.join(":",
-				project.getGroup().toString(), project.getName(), baselineVersion);
-		Dependency baselineDependency = project.getDependencies().create(baseline + "@jar");
-		Configuration baselineConfiguration = project.getRootProject().getConfigurations().detachedConfiguration(baselineDependency);
-		try {
-			// eagerly resolve the baseline configuration to check whether this is a new Spring module
-			baselineConfiguration.resolve();
-			return baselineConfiguration;
-		}
-		catch (GradleException exception) {
-			logger.warn("Could not resolve {} - assuming this is a new Spring module.", baseline);
-		}
-		return project.getRootProject().getConfigurations().detachedConfiguration();
-	}
-
-	private Configuration getRuntimeClassPath(Project project) {
-		return project.getConfigurations().getByName(JavaPlugin.RUNTIME_CLASSPATH_CONFIGURATION_NAME);
-	}
-
-	private File getOutputFile(String baseLineVersion, Project project) {
-		Path outDir = Paths.get(project.getRootProject().getBuildDir().getAbsolutePath(),
-				"reports", "api-diff",
-				baseLineVersion + "_to_" + project.getRootProject().getVersion());
-		return project.file(outDir.resolve(project.getName() + ".html").toString());
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.hint;
-
-import java.util.Collections;
-
-import org.gradle.api.model.ObjectFactory;
-import org.gradle.api.provider.SetProperty;
-
-/**
- * Entry point to the DSL extension for the {@link RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin} Gradle plugin.
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class RuntimeHintsAgentExtension {
-
-	private final SetProperty<String> includedPackages;
-
-	private final SetProperty<String> excludedPackages;
-
-	public RuntimeHintsAgentExtension(ObjectFactory objectFactory) {
-		this.includedPackages = objectFactory.setProperty(String.class).convention(Collections.singleton("org.springframework"));
-		this.excludedPackages = objectFactory.setProperty(String.class).convention(Collections.emptySet());
-	}
-
-	public SetProperty<String> getIncludedPackages() {
-		return this.includedPackages;
-	}
-
-	public SetProperty<String> getExcludedPackages() {
-		return this.excludedPackages;
-	}
-
-	String asJavaAgentArgument() {
-		StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
-		this.includedPackages.get().forEach(packageName -> builder.append('+').append(packageName).append(','));
-		this.excludedPackages.get().forEach(packageName -> builder.append('-').append(packageName).append(','));
-		return builder.toString();
-	}
-}
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.hint;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.bundling.Jar;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
-
-/**
- * {@link Plugin} that configures the {@code RuntimeHints} Java agent to test tasks.
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	public static final String RUNTIMEHINTS_TEST_TASK = "runtimeHintsTest";
-	private static final String EXTENSION_NAME = "runtimeHintsAgent";
-
-
-	@Override
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaPlugin.class, javaPlugin -> {
-			RuntimeHintsAgentExtension agentExtension = project.getExtensions().create(EXTENSION_NAME,
-					RuntimeHintsAgentExtension.class, project.getObjects());
-			Test agentTest = project.getTasks().create(RUNTIMEHINTS_TEST_TASK, Test.class, test -> {
-				test.useJUnitPlatform(options -> {
-					options.includeTags("RuntimeHintsTests");
-				});
-				test.include("**/*Tests.class", "**/*Test.class");
-				test.systemProperty("java.awt.headless", "true");
-			});
-			project.afterEvaluate(p -> {
-				Jar jar = project.getRootProject().project("spring-core-test").getTasks().withType(Jar.class).named("jar").get();
-				agentTest.jvmArgs("-javaagent:" + jar.getArchiveFile().get().getAsFile() + "=" + agentExtension.asJavaAgentArgument());
-			});
-			project.getTasks().getByName("check", task -> task.dependsOn(agentTest));
-		});
-	}
-}
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2021 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.optional;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginExtension;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSetContainer;
-
-/**
- * A {@code Plugin} that adds support for Maven-style optional dependencies. Creates a new
- * {@code optional} configuration. The {@code optional} configuration is part of the
- * project's compile and runtime classpaths but does not affect the classpath of
- * dependent projects.
- *
- * @author Andy Wilkinson
- */
-public class OptionalDependenciesPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	/**
-	 * Name of the {@code optional} configuration.
-	 */
-	public static final String OPTIONAL_CONFIGURATION_NAME = "optional";
-
-	@Override
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		Configuration optional = project.getConfigurations().create("optional");
-		optional.setCanBeConsumed(false);
-		optional.setCanBeResolved(false);
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaPlugin.class, (javaPlugin) -> {
-			SourceSetContainer sourceSets = project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class)
-					.getSourceSets();
-			sourceSets.all((sourceSet) -> {
-				project.getConfigurations().getByName(sourceSet.getCompileClasspathConfigurationName()).extendsFrom(optional);
-				project.getConfigurations().getByName(sourceSet.getRuntimeClasspathConfigurationName()).extendsFrom(optional);
-			});
-		});
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-package org.springframework.build.shadow;
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-import org.gradle.api.DefaultTask;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.component.ModuleComponentSelector;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.query.ArtifactResolutionQuery;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ArtifactResolutionResult;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ComponentArtifactsResult;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.DependencyResult;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ResolutionResult;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ResolvedArtifactResult;
-import org.gradle.api.file.DirectoryProperty;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileCopyDetails;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileTree;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Classpath;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Input;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Nested;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Optional;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.OutputDirectory;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskAction;
-import org.gradle.jvm.JvmLibrary;
-import org.gradle.language.base.artifact.SourcesArtifact;
-
-/**
- * Gradle task to add source from shadowed jars into our own source jars.
- *
- * @author Phillip Webb
- * @author Andy Wilkinson
- */
-public class ShadowSource extends DefaultTask {
-
-	private final DirectoryProperty outputDirectory = getProject().getObjects().directoryProperty();
-
-	private List<Configuration> configurations = new ArrayList<>();
-
-	private final List<Relocation> relocations = new ArrayList<>();
-
-
-	@Classpath
-	@Optional
-	public List<Configuration> getConfigurations() {
-		return this.configurations;
-	}
-
-	public void setConfigurations(List<Configuration> configurations) {
-		this.configurations = configurations;
-	}
-
-	@Nested
-	public List<Relocation> getRelocations() {
-		return this.relocations;
-	}
-
-	public void relocate(String pattern, String destination) {
-		this.relocations.add(new Relocation(pattern, destination));
-	}
-
-	@OutputDirectory
-	DirectoryProperty getOutputDirectory() {
-		return this.outputDirectory;
-	}
-
-	@TaskAction
-	void syncSourceJarFiles() {
-		sync(getSourceJarFiles());
-	}
-
-	private List<File> getSourceJarFiles() {
-		List<File> sourceJarFiles = new ArrayList<>();
-		for (Configuration configuration : this.configurations) {
-			ResolutionResult resolutionResult = configuration.getIncoming().getResolutionResult();
-			resolutionResult.getRootComponent().get().getDependencies().forEach(dependency -> {
-				Set<ComponentArtifactsResult> artifactsResults = resolveSourceArtifacts(dependency);
-				for (ComponentArtifactsResult artifactResult : artifactsResults) {
-					artifactResult.getArtifacts(SourcesArtifact.class).forEach(sourceArtifact -> {
-						sourceJarFiles.add(((ResolvedArtifactResult) sourceArtifact).getFile());
-					});
-				}
-			});
-		}
-		return Collections.unmodifiableList(sourceJarFiles);
-	}
-
-	private Set<ComponentArtifactsResult> resolveSourceArtifacts(DependencyResult dependency) {
-		ModuleComponentSelector componentSelector = (ModuleComponentSelector) dependency.getRequested();
-		ArtifactResolutionQuery query = getProject().getDependencies().createArtifactResolutionQuery()
-				.forModule(componentSelector.getGroup(), componentSelector.getModule(), componentSelector.getVersion());
-		return executeQuery(query).getResolvedComponents();
-	}
-
-	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-	private ArtifactResolutionResult executeQuery(ArtifactResolutionQuery query) {
-		return query.withArtifacts(JvmLibrary.class, SourcesArtifact.class).execute();
-	}
-
-	private void sync(List<File> sourceJarFiles) {
-		getProject().sync(spec -> {
-			spec.into(this.outputDirectory);
-			spec.eachFile(this::relocateFile);
-			spec.filter(this::transformContent);
-			spec.exclude("META-INF/**");
-			spec.setIncludeEmptyDirs(false);
-			sourceJarFiles.forEach(sourceJar -> spec.from(zipTree(sourceJar)));
-		});
-	}
-
-	private void relocateFile(FileCopyDetails details) {
-		String path = details.getPath();
-		for (Relocation relocation : this.relocations) {
-			path = relocation.relocatePath(path);
-		}
-		details.setPath(path);
-	}
-
-	private String transformContent(String content) {
-		for (Relocation relocation : this.relocations) {
-			content = relocation.transformContent(content);
-		}
-		return content;
-	}
-
-	private FileTree zipTree(File sourceJar) {
-		return getProject().zipTree(sourceJar);
-	}
-
-
-	/**
-	 * A single relocation.
-	 */
-	static class Relocation {
-
-		private final String pattern;
-
-		private final String pathPattern;
-
-		private final String destination;
-
-		private final String pathDestination;
-
-
-		Relocation(String pattern, String destination) {
-			this.pattern = pattern;
-			this.pathPattern = pattern.replace('.', '/');
-			this.destination = destination;
-			this.pathDestination = destination.replace('.', '/');
-		}
-
-
-		@Input
-		public String getPattern() {
-			return this.pattern;
-		}
-
-		@Input
-		public String getDestination() {
-			return this.destination;
-		}
-
-		String relocatePath(String path) {
-			return path.replace(this.pathPattern, this.pathDestination);
-		}
-
-		public String transformContent(String content) {
-			return content.replaceAll("\\b" + this.pattern, this.destination);
-		}
-
-	}
-
-}
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+implementation-class=org.springframework.build.gradle.DetectSplitPackagesPlugin
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+implementation-class=org.springframework.build.gradle.MergePlugin
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+implementation-class=org.springframework.build.gradle.TestSourceSetDependenciesPlugin
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-== Spring Framework Concourse pipeline
-
-The Spring Framework uses https://concourse-ci.org/[Concourse] for its CI build and other automated tasks.
-The Spring team has a dedicated Concourse instance available at https://ci.spring.io with a build pipeline
-for https://ci.spring.io/teams/spring-framework/pipelines/spring-framework-6.0.x[Spring Framework 6.0.x].
-
-=== Setting up your development environment
-
-If you're part of the Spring Framework project on GitHub, you can get access to CI management features.
-First, you need to go to https://ci.spring.io and install the client CLI for your platform (see bottom right of the screen).
-
-You can then login with the instance using:
-
-[source]
----
-$ fly -t spring login -n spring-framework -c https://ci.spring.io
----
-
-Once logged in, you should get something like:
-
-[source]
----
-$ fly ts
-name                  url                   team                  expiry
-spring                https://ci.spring.io  spring-framework      Wed, 25 Mar 2020 17:45:26 UTC
----
-
-=== Pipeline configuration and structure
-
-The build pipelines are described in `pipeline.yml` file.
-
-This file is listing Concourse resources, i.e. build inputs and outputs such as container images, artifact repositories, source repositories, notification services, etc.
-
-It also describes jobs (a job is a sequence of inputs, tasks and outputs); jobs are organized by groups.
-
-The `pipeline.yml` definition contains `((parameters))` which are loaded from the `parameters.yml` file or from our https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/credhub/[credhub instance].
-
-You'll find in this folder the following resources:
-
-* `pipeline.yml` the build pipeline
-* `parameters.yml` the build parameters used for the pipeline
-* `images/` holds the container images definitions used in this pipeline
-* `scripts/` holds the build scripts that ship within the CI container images
-* `tasks` contains the task definitions used in the main `pipeline.yml`
-
-=== Updating the build pipeline
-
-Updating files on the repository is not enough to update the build pipeline, as changes need to be applied.
-
-The pipeline can be deployed using the following command:
-
-[source]
----
-$ fly -t spring set-pipeline -p spring-framework-6.0.x -c ci/pipeline.yml -l ci/parameters.yml
----
-
-NOTE: This assumes that you have credhub integration configured with the appropriate secrets.
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-changelog:
-  repository: spring-projects/spring-framework
-  sections:
-    - title: ":star: New Features"
-      labels:
-        - "type: enhancement"
-    - title: ":lady_beetle: Bug Fixes"
-      labels:
-        - "type: bug"
-        - "type: regression"
-    - title: ":notebook_with_decorative_cover: Documentation"
-      labels:
-        - "type: documentation"
-    - title: ":hammer: Dependency Upgrades"
-      sort: "title"
-      labels:
-        - "type: dependency-upgrade"
-  contributors:
-    exclude:
-      names: ["bclozel", "jhoeller", "poutsma", "rstoyanchev", "sbrannen", "sdeleuze", "snicoll"]
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-logging:
-  level:
-    io.spring.concourse: DEBUG
-spring:
-  main:
-    banner-mode: off
-sonatype:
-  exclude:
-    - 'build-info\.json'
-    - '.*\.zip'
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-== CI Images
-
-These images are used by CI to run the actual builds.
-
-To build the image locally run the following from this directory:
-
----
-$ docker build --no-cache -f <image-folder>/Dockerfile .
----
-
-For example
-
----
-$ docker build --no-cache -f spring-framework-ci-image/Dockerfile .
----
-
-To test run:
-
----
-$ docker run -it --entrypoint /bin/bash <SHA>
----
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-FROM ubuntu:focal-20220922
-
-ADD setup.sh /setup.sh
-ADD get-jdk-url.sh /get-jdk-url.sh
-RUN ./setup.sh
-
-ENV JAVA_HOME /opt/openjdk/java17
-ENV JDK17 /opt/openjdk/java17
-ENV JDK18 /opt/openjdk/java18
-ENV JDK19 /opt/openjdk/java19
-
-ENV PATH $JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -e
-
-case "$1" in
-	java17)
-		echo "https://github.com/bell-sw/Liberica/releases/download/17.0.5+8/bellsoft-jdk17.0.5+8-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
-	;;
-	java18)
-		echo "https://github.com/bell-sw/Liberica/releases/download/18.0.2.1%2B1/bellsoft-jdk18.0.2.1+1-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
-	;;
-	java19)
-		echo "https://github.com/bell-sw/Liberica/releases/download/19.0.1%2B11/bellsoft-jdk19.0.1+11-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
-	;;
-	*)
-		echo $"Unknown java version"
-		exit 1
-esac
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -ex
-
-###########################################################
-# UTILS
-###########################################################
-
-export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
-apt-get update
-apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y tzdata ca-certificates net-tools libxml2-utils git curl libudev1 libxml2-utils iptables iproute2 jq fontconfig
-ln -fs /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime
-dpkg-reconfigure --frontend noninteractive tzdata
-rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-io/concourse-java-scripts/v0.0.4/concourse-java.sh > /opt/concourse-java.sh
-
-###########################################################
-# JAVA
-###########################################################
-
-mkdir -p /opt/openjdk
-pushd /opt/openjdk > /dev/null
-for jdk in java17 java18 java19
-do
-  JDK_URL=$( /get-jdk-url.sh $jdk )
-  mkdir $jdk
-  pushd $jdk > /dev/null
-  curl -L ${JDK_URL} | tar zx --strip-components=1
-  test -f bin/java
-  test -f bin/javac
-  popd > /dev/null
-done
-popd
-
-###########################################################
-# GRADLE ENTERPRISE
-###########################################################
-cd /
-mkdir ~/.gradle
-echo 'systemProp.user.name=concourse' > ~/.gradle/gradle.properties
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-github-repo: "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework.git"
-github-repo-name: "spring-projects/spring-framework"
-sonatype-staging-profile: "org.springframework"
-docker-hub-organization: "springci"
-artifactory-server: "https://repo.spring.io"
-branch: "main"
-milestone: "6.0.x"
-build-name: "spring-framework"
-pipeline-name: "spring-framework"
-concourse-url: "https://ci.spring.io"
-registry-mirror-host: docker.repo.spring.io
-registry-mirror-username: ((artifactory-username))
-registry-mirror-password: ((artifactory-password))
-task-timeout: 1h00m
@@ -1,480 +0,0 @@
-anchors:
-  git-repo-resource-source: &git-repo-resource-source
-    uri: ((github-repo))
-    username: ((github-username))
-    password: ((github-ci-release-token))
-    branch: ((branch))
-  gradle-enterprise-task-params: &gradle-enterprise-task-params
-    GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_ACCESS_KEY: ((gradle_enterprise_secret_access_key))
-    GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_USERNAME: ((gradle_enterprise_cache_user.username))
-    GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_PASSWORD: ((gradle_enterprise_cache_user.password))
-  sonatype-task-params: &sonatype-task-params
-    SONATYPE_USERNAME: ((sonatype-username))
-    SONATYPE_PASSWORD: ((sonatype-password))
-    SONATYPE_URL: ((sonatype-url))
-    SONATYPE_STAGING_PROFILE: ((sonatype-staging-profile))
-  artifactory-task-params: &artifactory-task-params
-    ARTIFACTORY_SERVER: ((artifactory-server))
-    ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME: ((artifactory-username))
-    ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD: ((artifactory-password))
-  build-project-task-params: &build-project-task-params
-      BRANCH: ((branch))
-      <<: *gradle-enterprise-task-params
-  docker-resource-source: &docker-resource-source
-    username: ((docker-hub-username))
-    password: ((docker-hub-password))
-    tag: ((milestone))
-  registry-mirror-vars: &registry-mirror-vars
-    registry-mirror-host: ((registry-mirror-host))
-    registry-mirror-username: ((registry-mirror-username))
-    registry-mirror-password: ((registry-mirror-password))
-  slack-fail-params: &slack-fail-params
-    text: >
-      :concourse-failed: <https://ci.spring.io/teams/${BUILD_TEAM_NAME}/pipelines/${BUILD_PIPELINE_NAME}/jobs/${BUILD_JOB_NAME}/builds/${BUILD_NAME}|${BUILD_PIPELINE_NAME} ${BUILD_JOB_NAME} failed!>
-      [$TEXT_FILE_CONTENT]
-    text_file: git-repo/build/build-scan-uri.txt
-    silent: true
-    icon_emoji: ":concourse:"
-    username: concourse-ci
-  changelog-task-params: &changelog-task-params
-    name: generated-changelog/tag
-    tag: generated-changelog/tag
-    body: generated-changelog/changelog.md
-  github-task-params: &github-task-params
-    GITHUB_USERNAME: ((github-username))
-    GITHUB_TOKEN: ((github-ci-release-token))
-
-resource_types:
- name: registry-image
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: concourse/registry-image-resource
-    tag: 1.5.0
- name: artifactory-resource
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: springio/artifactory-resource
-    tag: 0.0.17
- name: github-release
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: concourse/github-release-resource
-    tag: 1.5.5
- name: github-status-resource
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: dpb587/github-status-resource
-    tag: master
- name: pull-request
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: teliaoss/github-pr-resource
-    tag: v0.23.0
- name: slack-notification
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: cfcommunity/slack-notification-resource
-    tag: latest
-resources:
- name: git-repo
-  type: git
-  icon: github
-  source:
-    <<: *git-repo-resource-source
- name: ci-images-git-repo
-  type: git
-  icon: github
-  source:
-    uri: ((github-repo))
-    branch: ((branch))
-    paths: ["ci/images/*"]
- name: ci-image
-  type: registry-image
-  icon: docker
-  source:
-    <<: *docker-resource-source
-    repository: ((docker-hub-organization))/spring-framework-ci
- name: every-morning
-  type: time
-  icon: alarm
-  source:
-    start: 8:00 AM
-    stop: 9:00 AM
-    location: Europe/Vienna
- name: artifactory-repo
-  type: artifactory-resource
-  icon: package-variant
-  source:
-    uri: ((artifactory-server))
-    username: ((artifactory-username))
-    password: ((artifactory-password))
-    build_name: ((build-name))
- name: git-pull-request
-  type: pull-request
-  icon: source-pull
-  source:
-    access_token: ((github-ci-pull-request-token))
-    repository: ((github-repo-name))
-    base_branch: ((branch))
-    ignore_paths: ["ci/*"]
- name: repo-status-build
-  type: github-status-resource
-  icon: eye-check-outline
-  source:
-    repository: ((github-repo-name))
-    access_token: ((github-ci-status-token))
-    branch: ((branch))
-    context: build
- name: repo-status-jdk18-build
-  type: github-status-resource
-  icon: eye-check-outline
-  source:
-    repository: ((github-repo-name))
-    access_token: ((github-ci-status-token))
-    branch: ((branch))
-    context: jdk18-build
- name: repo-status-jdk19-build
-  type: github-status-resource
-  icon: eye-check-outline
-  source:
-    repository: ((github-repo-name))
-    access_token: ((github-ci-status-token))
-    branch: ((branch))
-    context: jdk19-build
- name: slack-alert
-  type: slack-notification
-  icon: slack
-  source:
-    url: ((slack-webhook-url))
- name: github-pre-release
-  type: github-release
-  icon: briefcase-download-outline
-  source:
-    owner: spring-projects
-    repository: spring-framework
-    access_token: ((github-ci-release-token))
-    pre_release: true
-    release: false
- name: github-release
-  type: github-release
-  icon: briefcase-download
-  source:
-    owner: spring-projects
-    repository: spring-framework
-    access_token: ((github-ci-release-token))
-    pre_release: false
-jobs:
- name: build-ci-images
-  plan:
-    - get: git-repo
-    - get: ci-images-git-repo
-      trigger: true
-    - task: build-ci-image
-      privileged: true
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/build-ci-image.yml
-      output_mapping:
-        image: ci-image
-      vars:
-        ci-image-name: ci-image
-        <<: *registry-mirror-vars
-    - put: ci-image
-      params:
-        image: ci-image/image.tar
- name: build
-  serial: true
-  public: true
-  plan:
-  - get: ci-image
-  - get: git-repo
-    trigger: true
-  - put: repo-status-build
-    params: { state: "pending", commit: "git-repo" }
-  - do:
-    - task: build-project
-      image: ci-image
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/build-project.yml
-      privileged: true
-      timeout: ((task-timeout))
-      params:
-        <<: *build-project-task-params
-    on_failure:
-      do:
-      - put: repo-status-build
-        params: { state: "failure", commit: "git-repo" }
-      - put: slack-alert
-        params:
-          <<: *slack-fail-params
-  - put: repo-status-build
-    params: { state: "success", commit: "git-repo" }
-  - put: artifactory-repo
-    params: &artifactory-params
-      signing_key: ((signing-key))
-      signing_passphrase: ((signing-passphrase))
-      repo: libs-snapshot-local
-      folder: distribution-repository
-      build_uri: "https://ci.spring.io/teams/${BUILD_TEAM_NAME}/pipelines/${BUILD_PIPELINE_NAME}/jobs/${BUILD_JOB_NAME}/builds/${BUILD_NAME}"
-      build_number: "${BUILD_PIPELINE_NAME}-${BUILD_JOB_NAME}-${BUILD_NAME}"
-      disable_checksum_uploads: true
-      threads: 8
-      artifact_set:
-      - include:
-        - "/**/framework-docs-*.zip"
-        properties:
-          "zip.name": "spring-framework"
-          "zip.displayname": "Spring Framework"
-          "zip.deployed": "false"
-      - include:
-        - "/**/framework-docs-*-docs.zip"
-        properties:
-          "zip.type": "docs"
-      - include:
-        - "/**/framework-docs-*-dist.zip"
-        properties:
-          "zip.type": "dist"
-      - include:
-        - "/**/framework-docs-*-schema.zip"
-        properties:
-          "zip.type": "schema"
-    get_params:
-      threads: 8
- name: jdk18-build
-  serial: true
-  public: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-    - get: every-morning
-      trigger: true
-    - put: repo-status-jdk18-build
-      params: { state: "pending", commit: "git-repo" }
-    - do:
-        - task: check-project
-          image: ci-image
-          file: git-repo/ci/tasks/check-project.yml
-          privileged: true
-          timeout: ((task-timeout))
-          params:
-            TEST_TOOLCHAIN: 18
-            <<: *build-project-task-params
-      on_failure:
-        do:
-          - put: repo-status-jdk18-build
-            params: { state: "failure", commit: "git-repo" }
-          - put: slack-alert
-            params:
-              <<: *slack-fail-params
-    - put: repo-status-jdk18-build
-      params: { state: "success", commit: "git-repo" }
- name: jdk19-build
-  serial: true
-  public: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-    - get: every-morning
-      trigger: true
-    - put: repo-status-jdk19-build
-      params: { state: "pending", commit: "git-repo" }
-    - do:
-        - task: check-project
-          image: ci-image
-          file: git-repo/ci/tasks/check-project.yml
-          privileged: true
-          timeout: ((task-timeout))
-          params:
-            TEST_TOOLCHAIN: 19
-            <<: *build-project-task-params
-      on_failure:
-        do:
-          - put: repo-status-jdk19-build
-            params: { state: "failure", commit: "git-repo" }
-          - put: slack-alert
-            params:
-              <<: *slack-fail-params
-    - put: repo-status-jdk19-build
-      params: { state: "success", commit: "git-repo" }
- name: build-pull-requests
-  serial: true
-  public: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-      resource: git-pull-request
-      trigger: true
-      version: every
-    - do:
-      - put: git-pull-request
-        params:
-          path: git-repo
-          status: pending
-      - task: build-pr
-        image: ci-image
-        file: git-repo/ci/tasks/build-pr.yml
-        privileged: true
-        timeout: ((task-timeout))
-        params:
-          BRANCH: ((branch))
-      on_success:
-        put: git-pull-request
-        params:
-          path: git-repo
-          status: success
-      on_failure:
-        put: git-pull-request
-        params:
-          path: git-repo
-          status: failure
- name: stage-milestone
-  serial: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-      trigger: false
-    - task: stage
-      image: ci-image
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/stage-version.yml
-      params:
-        RELEASE_TYPE: M
-        <<: *gradle-enterprise-task-params
-    - put: artifactory-repo
-      params:
-        <<: *artifactory-params
-        repo: libs-staging-local
-    - put: git-repo
-      params:
-        repository: stage-git-repo
- name: promote-milestone
-  serial: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-      trigger: false
-    - get: artifactory-repo
-      trigger: false
-      passed: [stage-milestone]
-      params:
-        download_artifacts: false
-        save_build_info: true
-    - task: promote
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/promote-version.yml
-      params:
-        RELEASE_TYPE: M
-        <<: *artifactory-task-params
-    - task: generate-changelog
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/generate-changelog.yml
-      params:
-        RELEASE_TYPE: M
-        <<: *github-task-params
-    - put: github-pre-release
-      params:
-        <<: *changelog-task-params
- name: stage-rc
-  serial: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-      trigger: false
-    - task: stage
-      image: ci-image
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/stage-version.yml
-      params:
-        RELEASE_TYPE: RC
-        <<: *gradle-enterprise-task-params
-    - put: artifactory-repo
-      params:
-        <<: *artifactory-params
-        repo: libs-staging-local
-    - put: git-repo
-      params:
-        repository: stage-git-repo
- name: promote-rc
-  serial: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-      trigger: false
-    - get: artifactory-repo
-      trigger: false
-      passed: [stage-rc]
-      params:
-        download_artifacts: false
-        save_build_info: true
-    - task: promote
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/promote-version.yml
-      params:
-        RELEASE_TYPE: RC
-        <<: *artifactory-task-params
-    - task: generate-changelog
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/generate-changelog.yml
-      params:
-        RELEASE_TYPE: RC
-        <<: *github-task-params
-    - put: github-pre-release
-      params:
-        <<: *changelog-task-params
- name: stage-release
-  serial: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-      trigger: false
-    - task: stage
-      image: ci-image
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/stage-version.yml
-      params:
-        RELEASE_TYPE: RELEASE
-        <<: *gradle-enterprise-task-params
-    - put: artifactory-repo
-      params:
-        <<: *artifactory-params
-        repo: libs-staging-local
-    - put: git-repo
-      params:
-        repository: stage-git-repo
- name: promote-release
-  serial: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-      trigger: false
-    - get: artifactory-repo
-      trigger: false
-      passed: [stage-release]
-      params:
-        download_artifacts: true
-        save_build_info: true
-    - task: promote
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/promote-version.yml
-      params:
-        RELEASE_TYPE: RELEASE
-        <<: *artifactory-task-params
-        <<: *sonatype-task-params
- name: create-github-release
-  serial: true
-  plan:
-    - get: ci-image
-    - get: git-repo
-    - get: artifactory-repo
-      trigger: true
-      passed: [promote-release]
-      params:
-        download_artifacts: false
-        save_build_info: true
-    - task: generate-changelog
-      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/generate-changelog.yml
-      params:
-        RELEASE_TYPE: RELEASE
-        <<: *github-task-params
-    - put: github-release
-      params:
-        <<: *changelog-task-params
-
-groups:
- name: "builds"
-  jobs: ["build", "jdk18-build", "jdk19-build"]
- name: "releases"
-  jobs: ["stage-milestone", "stage-rc", "stage-release", "promote-milestone", "promote-rc", "promote-release", "create-github-release"]
- name: "ci-images"
-  jobs: ["build-ci-images"]
- name: "pull-requests"
-  jobs: [ "build-pull-requests" ]
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -e
-
-source $(dirname $0)/common.sh
-
-pushd git-repo > /dev/null
-./gradlew -Dorg.gradle.internal.launcher.welcomeMessageEnabled=false --no-daemon --max-workers=4 check
-popd > /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -e
-
-source $(dirname $0)/common.sh
-repository=$(pwd)/distribution-repository
-
-pushd git-repo > /dev/null
-./gradlew -Dorg.gradle.internal.launcher.welcomeMessageEnabled=false --no-daemon --max-workers=4 -PdeploymentRepository=${repository} build publishAllPublicationsToDeploymentRepository
-popd > /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -e
-
-source $(dirname $0)/common.sh
-
-pushd git-repo > /dev/null
-./gradlew -Dorg.gradle.internal.launcher.welcomeMessageEnabled=false -Porg.gradle.java.installations.fromEnv=JDK17,JDK18 \
-  -PmainToolchain=${MAIN_TOOLCHAIN} -PtestToolchain=${TEST_TOOLCHAIN} --no-daemon --max-workers=4 check
-popd > /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-source /opt/concourse-java.sh
-setup_symlinks
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -e
-
-CONFIG_DIR=git-repo/ci/config
-version=$( cat artifactory-repo/build-info.json | jq -r '.buildInfo.modules[0].id' | sed 's/.*:.*:\(.*\)/\1/' )
-
-java -jar /github-changelog-generator.jar \
-  --spring.config.location=${CONFIG_DIR}/changelog-generator.yml \
-  ${version} generated-changelog/changelog.md
-
-echo ${version} > generated-changelog/version
-echo v${version} > generated-changelog/tag
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-CONFIG_DIR=git-repo/ci/config
-
-version=$( cat artifactory-repo/build-info.json | jq -r '.buildInfo.modules[0].id' | sed 's/.*:.*:\(.*\)/\1/' )
-export BUILD_INFO_LOCATION=$(pwd)/artifactory-repo/build-info.json
-
-java -jar /concourse-release-scripts.jar \
-  --spring.config.location=${CONFIG_DIR}/release-scripts.yml \
-  publishToCentral $RELEASE_TYPE $BUILD_INFO_LOCATION artifactory-repo || { exit 1; }
-
-java -jar /concourse-release-scripts.jar \
-  --spring.config.location=${CONFIG_DIR}/release-scripts.yml \
-  promote $RELEASE_TYPE $BUILD_INFO_LOCATION || { exit 1; }
-
-echo "Promotion complete"
-echo $version > version/version
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -e
-
-source $(dirname $0)/common.sh
-repository=$(pwd)/distribution-repository
-
-pushd git-repo > /dev/null
-git fetch --tags --all > /dev/null
-popd > /dev/null
-
-git clone git-repo stage-git-repo > /dev/null
-
-pushd stage-git-repo > /dev/null
-
-snapshotVersion=$( awk -F '=' '$1 == "version" { print $2 }' gradle.properties )
-if [[ $RELEASE_TYPE = "M" ]]; then
-	stageVersion=$( get_next_milestone_release $snapshotVersion)
-	nextVersion=$snapshotVersion
-elif [[ $RELEASE_TYPE = "RC" ]]; then
-	stageVersion=$( get_next_rc_release $snapshotVersion)
-	nextVersion=$snapshotVersion
-elif [[ $RELEASE_TYPE = "RELEASE" ]]; then
-	stageVersion=$( get_next_release $snapshotVersion)
-	nextVersion=$( bump_version_number $snapshotVersion)
-else
-	echo "Unknown release type $RELEASE_TYPE" >&2; exit 1;
-fi
-
-echo "Staging $stageVersion (next version will be $nextVersion)"
-sed -i "s/version=$snapshotVersion/version=$stageVersion/" gradle.properties
-
-git config user.name "Spring Builds" > /dev/null
-git config user.email "spring-builds@users.noreply.github.com" > /dev/null
-git add gradle.properties > /dev/null
-git commit -m"Release v$stageVersion" > /dev/null
-git tag -a "v$stageVersion" -m"Release v$stageVersion" > /dev/null
-
-./gradlew --no-daemon --max-workers=4 -PdeploymentRepository=${repository} build publishAllPublicationsToDeploymentRepository
-
-git reset --hard HEAD^ > /dev/null
-if [[ $nextVersion != $snapshotVersion ]]; then
-	echo "Setting next development version (v$nextVersion)"
-	sed -i "s/version=$snapshotVersion/version=$nextVersion/" gradle.properties
-	git add gradle.properties > /dev/null
-	git commit -m"Next development version (v$nextVersion)" > /dev/null
-fi;
-
-echo "Staging Complete"
-
-popd > /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
---
-platform: linux
-image_resource:
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: concourse/oci-build-task
-    tag: 0.10.0
-    registry_mirror:
-      host: ((registry-mirror-host))
-      username: ((registry-mirror-username))
-      password: ((registry-mirror-password))
-inputs:
-  - name: ci-images-git-repo
-outputs:
-  - name: image
-caches:
-  - path: ci-image-cache
-params:
-  CONTEXT: ci-images-git-repo/ci/images
-  DOCKERFILE: ci-images-git-repo/ci/images/ci-image/Dockerfile
-  DOCKER_HUB_AUTH: ((docker-hub-auth))
-run:
-  path: /bin/sh
-  args:
-    - "-c"
-    - |
-      mkdir -p /root/.docker
-      cat > /root/.docker/config.json <<EOF
-      { "auths": { "https://index.docker.io/v1/": { "auth": "$DOCKER_HUB_AUTH" }}}
-      EOF
-      build
-
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
---
-platform: linux
-inputs:
- name: git-repo
-caches:
- path: gradle
-params:
-  BRANCH:
-  CI: true
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_ACCESS_KEY:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_USERNAME:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_PASSWORD:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_URL: https://ge.spring.io
-run:
-  path: bash
-  args:
-    - -ec
-    - |
-      ${PWD}/git-repo/ci/scripts/build-pr.sh
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
---
-platform: linux
-inputs:
- name: git-repo
-outputs:
- name: distribution-repository
- name: git-repo
-caches:
- path: gradle
-params:
-  BRANCH:
-  CI: true
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_ACCESS_KEY:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_USERNAME:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_PASSWORD:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_URL: https://ge.spring.io
-run:
-  path: bash
-  args:
-    - -ec
-    - |
-      ${PWD}/git-repo/ci/scripts/build-project.sh
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
---
-platform: linux
-inputs:
- name: git-repo
-outputs:
- name: distribution-repository
- name: git-repo
-caches:
- path: gradle
-params:
-  BRANCH:
-  CI: true
-  MAIN_TOOLCHAIN:
-  TEST_TOOLCHAIN:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_ACCESS_KEY:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_USERNAME:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_PASSWORD:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_URL: https://ge.spring.io
-run:
-  path: bash
-  args:
-    - -ec
-    - |
-      ${PWD}/git-repo/ci/scripts/check-project.sh
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
---
-platform: linux
-image_resource:
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: springio/github-changelog-generator
-    tag: '0.0.8'
-inputs:
- name: git-repo
- name: artifactory-repo
-outputs:
- name: generated-changelog
-params:
-  GITHUB_ORGANIZATION:
-  GITHUB_REPO:
-  GITHUB_USERNAME:
-  GITHUB_TOKEN:
-  RELEASE_TYPE:
-run:
-  path: git-repo/ci/scripts/generate-changelog.sh
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
---
-platform: linux
-image_resource:
-  type: registry-image
-  source:
-    repository: springio/concourse-release-scripts
-    tag: '0.3.4'
-inputs:
- name: git-repo
- name: artifactory-repo
-outputs:
- name: version
-params:
-  RELEASE_TYPE:
-  ARTIFACTORY_SERVER:
-  ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME:
-  ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD:
-  SONATYPE_USER:
-  SONATYPE_PASSWORD:
-  SONATYPE_URL:
-  SONATYPE_STAGING_PROFILE:
-run:
-  path: git-repo/ci/scripts/promote-version.sh
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
---
-platform: linux
-inputs:
- name: git-repo
-outputs:
- name: stage-git-repo
- name: distribution-repository
-params:
-  RELEASE_TYPE:
-  CI: true
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_USERNAME:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_CACHE_PASSWORD:
-  GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_URL: https://ge.spring.io
-caches:
- path: gradle
-run:
-  path: git-repo/ci/scripts/stage-version.sh
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-description = "Spring Framework (Bill of Materials)"
-
-apply plugin: 'java-platform'
-apply from: "$rootDir/gradle/publications.gradle"
-
-group = "org.springframework"
-
-dependencies {
-	constraints {
-		parent.moduleProjects.sort { "$it.name" }.each {
-			api it
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-publishing {
-	publications {
-		mavenJava(MavenPublication) {
-			artifactId = 'spring-framework-bom'
-			from components.javaPlatform
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,259 +0,0 @@
-description = "Spring Framework Docs"
-
-apply plugin: 'kotlin'
-apply plugin: 'org.asciidoctor.jvm.convert'
-apply plugin: 'org.asciidoctor.jvm.pdf'
-apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/publications.gradle"
-
-
-configurations {
-	asciidoctorExtensions
-}
-
-dependencies {
-	api(project(":spring-context"))
-	api(project(":spring-web"))
-
-	implementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
-	implementation("org.assertj:assertj-core")
-}
-
-checkstyle {
-	sourceSets = []
-}
-
-jar {
-	enabled = false
-}
-
-javadoc {
-	enabled = false
-}
-
-dependencies {
-	asciidoctorExtensions "io.spring.asciidoctor.backends:spring-asciidoctor-backends:0.0.3"
-}
-
-repositories {
-	maven {
-		url "https://repo.spring.io/release"
-	}
-}
-
-/**
- * Produce Javadoc for all Spring Framework modules in "build/docs/javadoc"
- */
-task api(type: Javadoc) {
-	group = "Documentation"
-	description = "Generates aggregated Javadoc API documentation."
-	title = "${rootProject.description} ${version} API"
-
-	dependsOn {
-		moduleProjects.collect {
-			it.tasks.getByName("jar")
-		}
-	}
-	doFirst {
-		classpath = files(
-				// ensure the javadoc process can resolve types compiled from .aj sources
-				project(":spring-aspects").sourceSets.main.output
-		)
-		classpath += files(moduleProjects.collect { it.sourceSets.main.compileClasspath })
-	}
-
-	options {
-		encoding = "UTF-8"
-		memberLevel = JavadocMemberLevel.PROTECTED
-		author = true
-		header = rootProject.description
-		use = true
-		overview = "framework-docs/src/docs/api/overview.html"
-		splitIndex = true
-		links(project.ext.javadocLinks)
-		addBooleanOption('Xdoclint:syntax', true) // only check syntax with doclint
-		addBooleanOption('Werror', true) // fail build on Javadoc warnings
-	}
-	source moduleProjects.collect { project ->
-		project.sourceSets.main.allJava
-	}
-	maxMemory = "1024m"
-	destinationDir = file("$buildDir/docs/javadoc")
-}
-
-/**
- * Produce KDoc for all Spring Framework modules in "build/docs/kdoc"
- */
-rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule.configure {
-	dependsOn {
-		tasks.getByName("api")
-	}
-	moduleName.set("spring-framework")
-	outputDirectory.set(project.file("$buildDir/docs/kdoc"))
-}
-
-asciidoctorj {
-	version = '2.4.3'
-	fatalWarnings ".*"
-	options doctype: 'book', eruby: 'erubis'
-	attributes([
-			icons: 'font',
-			idprefix: '',
-			idseparator: '-',
-			revnumber: project.version,
-			sectanchors: '',
-			sectnums: '',
-			'spring-version': project.version
-	])
-}
-
-/**
- * Generate the Spring Framework Reference documentation from
- * "src/docs/asciidoc" in "build/docs/ref-docs/html5".
- */
-asciidoctor {
-	baseDirFollowsSourceDir()
-	configurations "asciidoctorExtensions"
-	sources {
-		include '*.adoc'
-	}
-	outputDir "$buildDir/docs/ref-docs/html5"
-	outputOptions {
-		backends "spring-html"
-	}
-	logDocuments = true
-	resources {
-		from(sourceDir) {
-			include 'images/*.png'
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/**
- * Generate the Spring Framework Reference documentation from "src/docs/asciidoc"
- * in "build/docs/ref-docs/pdf".
- */
-asciidoctorPdf {
-	baseDirFollowsSourceDir()
-	configurations 'asciidoctorExtensions'
-	sources {
-		include 'spring-framework.adocbook'
-	}
-	outputDir "$buildDir/docs/ref-docs/pdf"
-	forkOptions {
-		jvmArgs += ["--add-opens", "java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED", "--add-opens", "java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED"]
-	}
-	logDocuments = true
-}
-
-/**
- * Zip all docs (API and reference) into a single archive
- */
-task docsZip(type: Zip, dependsOn: ['api', 'asciidoctor', 'asciidoctorPdf', rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule]) {
-	group = "Distribution"
-	description = "Builds -${archiveClassifier} archive containing api and reference " +
-			"for deployment at https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/."
-
-	archiveBaseName.set("spring-framework")
-	archiveClassifier.set("docs")
-	from("src/dist") {
-		include "changelog.txt"
-	}
-	from (api) {
-		into "javadoc-api"
-	}
-	from ("$asciidoctor.outputDir") {
-		into "reference/html"
-	}
-	from ("$asciidoctorPdf.outputDir") {
-		into "reference/pdf"
-	}
-	from (rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule.outputDirectory) {
-		into "kdoc-api"
-	}
-}
-
-/**
- * Zip all Spring Framework schemas into a single archive
- */
-task schemaZip(type: Zip) {
-	group = "Distribution"
-	archiveBaseName.set("spring-framework")
-	archiveClassifier.set("schema")
-	description = "Builds -${archiveClassifier} archive containing all " +
-			"XSDs for deployment at https://springframework.org/schema."
-	duplicatesStrategy DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE
-	moduleProjects.each { module ->
-		def Properties schemas = new Properties();
-
-		module.sourceSets.main.resources.find {
-			(it.path.endsWith("META-INF/spring.schemas") || it.path.endsWith("META-INF\\spring.schemas"))
-		}?.withInputStream { schemas.load(it) }
-
-		for (def key : schemas.keySet()) {
-			def shortName = key.replaceAll(/http.*schema.(.*).spring-.*/, '$1')
-			assert shortName != key
-			File xsdFile = module.sourceSets.main.resources.find {
-				(it.path.endsWith(schemas.get(key)) || it.path.endsWith(schemas.get(key).replaceAll('\\/','\\\\')))
-			}
-			assert xsdFile != null
-			into (shortName) {
-				from xsdFile.path
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/**
- * Create a distribution zip with everything:
- * docs, schemas, jars, source jars, javadoc jars
- */
-task distZip(type: Zip, dependsOn: [docsZip, schemaZip]) {
-	group = "Distribution"
-	archiveBaseName.set("spring-framework")
-	archiveClassifier.set("dist")
-	description = "Builds -${archiveClassifier} archive, containing all jars and docs, " +
-			"suitable for community download page."
-
-	ext.baseDir = "spring-framework-${project.version}";
-
-	from("src/docs/dist") {
-		include "readme.txt"
-		include "license.txt"
-		include "notice.txt"
-		into "${baseDir}"
-		expand(copyright: new Date().format("yyyy"), version: project.version)
-	}
-
-	from(zipTree(docsZip.archiveFile)) {
-		into "${baseDir}/docs"
-	}
-
-	from(zipTree(schemaZip.archiveFile)) {
-		into "${baseDir}/schema"
-	}
-
-	moduleProjects.each { module ->
-		into ("${baseDir}/libs") {
-			from module.jar
-			if (module.tasks.findByPath("sourcesJar")) {
-				from module.sourcesJar
-			}
-			if (module.tasks.findByPath("javadocJar")) {
-				from module.javadocJar
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-distZip.mustRunAfter moduleProjects.check
-
-
-publishing {
-	publications {
-		mavenJava(MavenPublication) {
-			artifact docsZip
-			artifact schemaZip
-			artifact distZip
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-<html>
-<body>
-<p>
-This is the public API documentation for the <a href="https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework" target="_top">Spring Framework</a>.
-</p>
-</body>
-</html>
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-[[appendix]]
-= Appendix
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-include::page-layout.adoc[]
-
-This part of the reference documentation covers topics that apply to multiple modules
-within the core Spring Framework.
-
-
-[[appendix-spring-properties]]
-== Spring Properties
-
-{api-spring-framework}/core/SpringProperties.html[`SpringProperties`] is a static holder
-for properties that control certain low-level aspects of the Spring Framework. Users can
-configure these properties via JVM system properties or programmatically via the
-`SpringProperties.setProperty(String key, String value)` method. The latter may be
-necessary if the deployment environment disallows custom JVM system properties. As an
-alternative, these properties may be configured in a `spring.properties` file in the root
-of the classpath -- for example, deployed within the application's JAR file.
-
-The following table lists all currently supported Spring properties.
-
-.Supported Spring Properties
-|===
-| Name | Description
-
-| `spring.beaninfo.ignore`
-| Instructs Spring to use the `Introspector.IGNORE_ALL_BEANINFO` mode when calling the
-JavaBeans `Introspector`. See
-{api-spring-framework}++/beans/CachedIntrospectionResults.html#IGNORE_BEANINFO_PROPERTY_NAME++[`CachedIntrospectionResults`]
-for details.
-
-| `spring.expression.compiler.mode`
-| The mode to use when compiling expressions for the
-<<core.adoc#expressions-compiler-configuration, Spring Expression Language>>.
-
-| `spring.getenv.ignore`
-| Instructs Spring to ignore operating system environment variables if a Spring
-`Environment` property -- for example, a placeholder in a configuration String -- isn't
-resolvable otherwise. See
-{api-spring-framework}++/core/env/AbstractEnvironment.html#IGNORE_GETENV_PROPERTY_NAME++[`AbstractEnvironment`]
-for details.
-
-| `spring.index.ignore`
-| Instructs Spring to ignore the components index located in
-`META-INF/spring.components`. See <<core.adoc#beans-scanning-index, Generating an Index
-of Candidate Components>>.
-
-| `spring.jdbc.getParameterType.ignore`
-| Instructs Spring to ignore `java.sql.ParameterMetaData.getParameterType` completely.
-See the note in <<data-access.adoc#jdbc-batch-list, Batch Operations with a List of Objects>>.
-
-| `spring.jndi.ignore`
-| Instructs Spring to ignore a default JNDI environment, as an optimization for scenarios
-where nothing is ever to be found for such JNDI fallback searches to begin with, avoiding
-the repeated JNDI lookup overhead. See
-{api-spring-framework}++/jndi/JndiLocatorDelegate.html#IGNORE_JNDI_PROPERTY_NAME++[`JndiLocatorDelegate`]
-for details.
-
-| `spring.objenesis.ignore`
-| Instructs Spring to ignore Objenesis, not even attempting to use it. See
-{api-spring-framework}++/objenesis/SpringObjenesis.html#IGNORE_OBJENESIS_PROPERTY_NAME++[`SpringObjenesis`]
-for details.
-
-| `spring.test.constructor.autowire.mode`
-| The default _test constructor autowire mode_ to use if `@TestConstructor` is not present
-on a test class. See <<testing.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-testconstructor,
-Changing the default test constructor autowire mode>>.
-
-| `spring.test.context.cache.maxSize`
-| The maximum size of the context cache in the _Spring TestContext Framework_. See
-<<testing.adoc#testcontext-ctx-management-caching, Context Caching>>.
-
-| `spring.test.enclosing.configuration`
-| The default _enclosing configuration inheritance mode_ to use if
-`@NestedTestConfiguration` is not present on a test class. See
-<<testing.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-nestedtestconfiguration, Changing the
-default enclosing configuration inheritance mode>>.
-
-|===
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-:chomp:                         default headers packages
-:docs-site:                     https://docs.spring.io
-// Spring Framework
-:docs-spring-framework:         {docs-site}/spring-framework/docs/{spring-version}
-:api-spring-framework:          {docs-spring-framework}/javadoc-api/org/springframework
-:docs-java:                     {docdir}/../../main/java/org/springframework/docs
-:docs-kotlin:                   {docdir}/../../main/kotlin/org/springframework/docs
-:docs-resources:                {docdir}/../../main/resources
-:spring-framework-main-code:    https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/tree/main
-// Spring portfolio Links
-:docs-spring-boot:              {docs-site}/spring-boot/docs/current/reference
-:docs-spring-gemfire:           {docs-site}/spring-gemfire/docs/current/reference
-:docs-spring-security:          {docs-site}/spring-security/reference
-// Third-party Links
-:docs-graalvm:                  https://www.graalvm.org/22.3/reference-manual
-:gh-rsocket:                    https://github.com/rsocket
-:gh-rsocket-extensions:         {gh-rsocket}/rsocket/blob/master/Extensions
-:gh-rsocket-java:               {gh-rsocket}/rsocket-java
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-[[spring-core]]
-= Core Technologies
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-include::page-layout.adoc[]
-
-This part of the reference documentation covers all the technologies that are
-absolutely integral to the Spring Framework.
-
-Foremost amongst these is the Spring Framework's Inversion of Control (IoC) container.
-A thorough treatment of the Spring Framework's IoC container is closely followed by
-comprehensive coverage of Spring's Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) technologies.
-The Spring Framework has its own AOP framework, which is conceptually easy to
-understand and which successfully addresses the 80% sweet spot of AOP requirements
-in Java enterprise programming.
-
-Coverage of Spring's integration with AspectJ (currently the richest -- in terms of
-features -- and certainly most mature AOP implementation in the Java enterprise space)
-is also provided.
-
-AOT processing can be used to optimize your application ahead-of-time. It is typically
-used for native image deployment using GraalVM.
-
-include::core/core-beans.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-resources.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-validation.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-expressions.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-aop.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-aop-api.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-null-safety.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-databuffer-codec.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-spring-jcl.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-aot.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::core/core-appendix.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
@@ -1,307 +0,0 @@
-[[core.aot]]
-= Ahead of Time Optimizations
-
-This chapter covers Spring's Ahead of Time (AOT) optimizations.
-
-For AOT support specific to integration tests, see <<testing.adoc#testcontext-aot, Ahead of Time Support for Tests>>.
-
-[[core.aot.introduction]]
-== Introduction to Ahead of Time Optimizations
-
-Spring's support for AOT optimizations is meant to inspect an `ApplicationContext` at build time and apply decisions and discovery logic that usually happens at runtime.
-Doing so allows building an application startup arrangement that is more straightforward and focused on a fixed set of features based mainly on the classpath and the `Environment`.
-
-Applying such optimizations early implies the following restrictions:
-
-* The classpath is fixed and fully defined at build time.
-* The beans defined in your application cannot change at runtime, meaning:
-** `@Profile`, in particular profile-specific configuration needs to be chosen at build time.
-** Environment properties that impact the presence of a bean (`@Conditional`) are only considered at build time.
-
-When these restrictions are in place, it becomes possible to perform ahead-of-time processing at build time and generate additional assets.
-A Spring AOT processed application typically generates:
-
-* Java source code
-* Bytecode (usually for dynamic proxies)
-* {api-spring-framework}/aot/hint/RuntimeHints.html[`RuntimeHints`] for the use of reflection, resource loading, serialization, and JDK proxies.
-
-NOTE: At the moment, AOT is focused on allowing Spring applications to be deployed as native images using GraalVM.
-We intend to support more JVM-based use cases in future generations.
-
-[[core.aot.basics]]
-== AOT engine overview
-
-The entry point of the AOT engine for processing an `ApplicationContext` arrangement is `ApplicationContextAotGenerator`. It takes care of the following steps, based on a `GenericApplicationContext` that represents the application to optimize and a {api-spring-framework}/aot/generate/GenerationContext.html[`GenerationContext`]:
-
-* Refresh an `ApplicationContext` for AOT processing. Contrary to a traditional refresh, this version only creates bean definitions, not bean instances.
-* Invoke the available `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` implementations and apply their contributions against the `GenerationContext`.
-For instance, a core implementation iterates over all candidate bean definitions and generates the necessary code to restore the state of the `BeanFactory`.
-
-Once this process completes, the `GenerationContext` will have been updated with the generated code, resources, and classes that are necessary for the application to run.
-The `RuntimeHints` instance can also be used to generate the relevant GraalVM native image configuration files.
-
-`ApplicationContextAotGenerator#processAheadOfTime` returns the class name of the `ApplicationContextInitializer` entry point that allows the context to be started with AOT optimizations.
-
-Those steps are covered in greater detail in the sections below.
-
-[[core.aot.refresh]]
-== Refresh for AOT Processing
-
-Refresh for AOT processing is supported on all `GenericApplicationContext` implementations.
-An application context is created with any number of entry points, usually in the form of `@Configuration`-annotated classes.
-
-Let's look at a basic example:
-
-include::code:AotProcessingSample[tag=myapplication]
-
-Starting this application with the regular runtime involves a number of steps including classpath scanning, configuration class parsing, bean instantiation, and lifecycle callback handling.
-Refresh for AOT processing only applies a subset of what happens with a <<beans-introduction,regular `refresh`>>.
-AOT processing can be triggered as follows:
-
-include::code:AotProcessingSample[tag=aotcontext]
-
-In this mode, <<beans-factory-extension-factory-postprocessors,`BeanFactoryPostProcessor` implementations>> are invoked as usual.
-This includes configuration class parsing, import selectors, classpath scanning, etc.
-Such steps make sure that the `BeanRegistry` contains the relevant bean definitions for the application.
-If bean definitions are guarded by conditions (such as `@Profile`), these are discarded at this stage.
-
-Because this mode does not actually create bean instances, `BeanPostProcessor` implementations are not invoked, except for specific variants that are relevant for AOT processing.
-These are:
-
-* `MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor` implementations post-process bean definitions to extract additional settings, such as `init` and `destroy` methods.
-* `SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor` implementations determine a more precise bean type if necessary.
-This makes sure to create any proxy that will be required at runtime.
-
-One this part completes, the `BeanFactory` contains the bean definitions that are necessary for the application to run. It does not trigger bean instantiation but allows the AOT engine to inspect the beans that will be created at runtime.
-
-[[core.aot.bean-factory-initialization-contributions]]
-== Bean Factory Initialization AOT Contributions
-
-Components that want to participate in this step can implement the {api-spring-framework}/beans/factory/aot/BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor.html[`BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor`] interface.
-Each implementation can return an AOT contribution, based on the state of the bean factory.
-
-An AOT contribution is a component that contributes generated code that reproduces a particular behavior.
-It can also contribute `RuntimeHints` to indicate the need for reflection, resource loading, serialization, or JDK proxies.
-
-A `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` implementation can be registered in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` with a key equal to the fully qualified name of the interface.
-
-A `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` can also be implemented directly by a bean.
-In this mode, the bean provides an AOT contribution equivalent to the feature it provides with a regular runtime.
-Consequently, such a bean is automatically excluded from the AOT-optimized context.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-If a bean implements the `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` interface, the bean and **all** of its dependencies will be initialized during AOT processing.
-We generally recommend that this interface is only implemented by infrastructure beans such as `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` which have limited dependencies and are already initialized early in the bean factory lifecycle.
-If such a bean is registered using an `@Bean` factory method, ensure the method is `static` so that its enclosing `@Configuration` class does not have to be initialized.
-====
-
-
-[[core.aot.bean-registration-contributions]]
-=== Bean Registration AOT Contributions
-
-A core `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` implementation is responsible for collecting the necessary contributions for each candidate `BeanDefinition`.
-It does so using a dedicated `BeanRegistrationAotProcessor`.
-
-This interface is used as follows:
-
-* Implemented by a `BeanPostProcessor` bean, to replace its runtime behavior.
-For instance <<beans-factory-extension-bpp-examples-aabpp,`AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor`>> implements this interface to generate code that injects members annotated with `@Autowired`.
-* Implemented by a type registered in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` with a key equal to the fully qualified name of the interface.
-Typically used when the bean definition needs to be tuned for specific features of the core framework.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-If a bean implements the `BeanRegistrationAotProcessor` interface, the bean and **all** of its dependencies will be initialized during AOT processing.
-We generally recommend that this interface is only implemented by infrastructure beans such as `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` which have limited dependencies and are already initialized early in the bean factory lifecycle.
-If such a bean is registered using an `@Bean` factory method, ensure the method is `static` so that its enclosing `@Configuration` class does not have to be initialized.
-====
-
-If no `BeanRegistrationAotProcessor` handles a particular registered bean, a default implementation processes it.
-This is the default behavior, since tuning the generated code for a bean definition should be restricted to corner cases.
-
-Taking our previous example, let's assume that `DataSourceConfiguration` is as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
-	public class DataSourceConfiguration {
-
-		@Bean
-		public SimpleDataSource dataSource() {
-			return new SimpleDataSource();
-		}
-
-	}
----
-
-Since there isn't any particular condition on this class, `dataSourceConfiguration` and `dataSource` are identified as candidates.
-The AOT engine will convert the configuration class above to code similar to the following:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	/**
-	 * Bean definitions for {@link DataSourceConfiguration}
-	 */
-	public class DataSourceConfiguration__BeanDefinitions {
-		/**
-		 * Get the bean definition for 'dataSourceConfiguration'
-		 */
-		public static BeanDefinition getDataSourceConfigurationBeanDefinition() {
-			Class<?> beanType = DataSourceConfiguration.class;
-			RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(beanType);
-			beanDefinition.setInstanceSupplier(DataSourceConfiguration::new);
-			return beanDefinition;
-		}
-
-		/**
-		 * Get the bean instance supplier for 'dataSource'.
-		 */
-		private static BeanInstanceSupplier<SimpleDataSource> getDataSourceInstanceSupplier() {
-			return BeanInstanceSupplier.<SimpleDataSource>forFactoryMethod(DataSourceConfiguration.class, "dataSource")
-					.withGenerator((registeredBean) -> registeredBean.getBeanFactory().getBean(DataSourceConfiguration.class).dataSource());
-		}
-
-		/**
-		 * Get the bean definition for 'dataSource'
-		 */
-		public static BeanDefinition getDataSourceBeanDefinition() {
-			Class<?> beanType = SimpleDataSource.class;
-			RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(beanType);
-			beanDefinition.setInstanceSupplier(getDataSourceInstanceSupplier());
-			return beanDefinition;
-		}
-	}
----
-
-NOTE: The exact code generated may differ depending on the exact nature of your bean definitions.
-
-The generated code above creates bean definitions equivalent to the `@Configuration` class, but in a direct way and without the use of reflection if at all possible.
-There is a bean definition for `dataSourceConfiguration` and one for `dataSourceBean`.
-When a `datasource` instance is required, a `BeanInstanceSupplier` is called.
-This supplier invokes the `dataSource()` method on the `dataSourceConfiguration` bean.
-
-
-[[core.aot.hints]]
-== Runtime Hints
-
-Running an application as a native image requires additional information compared to a regular JVM runtime.
-For instance, GraalVM needs to know ahead of time if a component uses reflection.
-Similarly, classpath resources are not shipped in a native image unless specified explicitly.
-Consequently, if the application needs to load a resource, it must be referenced from the corresponding GraalVM native image configuration file.
-
-The {api-spring-framework}/aot/hint/RuntimeHints.html[`RuntimeHints`] API collects the need for reflection, resource loading, serialization, and JDK proxies at runtime.
-The following example makes sure that `config/app.properties` can be loaded from the classpath at runtime within a native image:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	runtimeHints.resources().registerPattern("config/app.properties");
----
-
-A number of contracts are handled automatically during AOT processing.
-For instance, the return type of a `@Controller` method is inspected, and relevant reflection hints are added if Spring detects that the type should be serialized (typically to JSON).
-
-For cases that the core container cannot infer, you can register such hints programmatically.
-A number of convenient annotations are also provided for common use cases.
-
-
-[[core.aot.hints.import-runtime-hints]]
-=== `@ImportRuntimeHints`
-
-`RuntimeHintsRegistrar` implementations allow you to get a callback to the `RuntimeHints` instance managed by the AOT engine.
-Implementations of this interface can be registered using `@ImportRuntimeHints` on any Spring bean or `@Bean` factory method.
-`RuntimeHintsRegistrar` implementations are detected and invoked at build time.
-
-include::code:SpellCheckService[]
-
-If at all possible, `@ImportRuntimeHints` should be used as close as possible to the component that requires the hints.
-This way, if the component is not contributed to the `BeanFactory`, the hints won't be contributed either.
-
-It is also possible to register an implementation statically by adding an entry in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` with a key equal to the fully qualified name of the `RuntimeHintsRegistrar` interface.
-
-
-[[core.aot.hints.reflective]]
-=== `@Reflective`
-
-{api-spring-framework}/aot/hint/annotation/Reflective.html[`@Reflective`] provides an idiomatic way to flag the need for reflection on an annotated element.
-For instance, `@EventListener` is meta-annotated with `@Reflective` since the underlying implementation invokes the annotated method using reflection.
-
-By default, only Spring beans are considered and an invocation hint is registered for the annotated element.
-This can be tuned by specifying a custom `ReflectiveProcessor` implementation via the
-`@Reflective` annotation.
-
-Library authors can reuse this annotation for their own purposes.
-If components other than Spring beans need to be processed, a `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` can detect the relevant types and use `ReflectiveRuntimeHintsRegistrar` to process them.
-
-
-[[core.aot.hints.register-reflection-for-binding]]
-=== `@RegisterReflectionForBinding`
-
-{api-spring-framework}/aot/hint/annotation/RegisterReflectionForBinding.html[`@RegisterReflectionForBinding`] is a specialization of `@Reflective` that registers the need for serializing arbitrary types.
-A typical use case is the use of DTOs that the container cannot infer, such as using a web client within a method body.
-
-`@RegisterReflectionForBinding` can be applied to any Spring bean at the class level, but it can also be applied directly to a method, field, or constructor to better indicate where the hints are actually required.
-The following example registers `Account` for serialization.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@Component
-	public class OrderService {
-
-		@RegisterReflectionForBinding(Account.class)
-		public void process(Order order) {
-			// ...
-		}
-
-	}
----
-
-[[core.aot.hints.testing]]
-=== Testing Runtime Hints
-
-Spring Core also ships `RuntimeHintsPredicates`, a utility for checking that existing hints match a particular use case.
-This can be used in your own tests to validate that a `RuntimeHintsRegistrar` contains the expected results.
-We can write a test for our `SpellCheckService` and ensure that we will be able to load a dictionary at runtime:
-
-include::code:SpellCheckServiceTests[tag=hintspredicates]
-
-With `RuntimeHintsPredicates`, we can check for reflection, resource, serialization, or proxy generation hints.
-This approach works well for unit tests but implies that the runtime behavior of a component is well known.
-
-You can learn more about the global runtime behavior of an application by running its test suite (or the app itself) with the {docs-graalvm}/native-image/metadata/AutomaticMetadataCollection/[GraalVM tracing agent].
-This agent will record all relevant calls requiring GraalVM hints at runtime and write them out as JSON configuration files.
-
-For more targeted discovery and testing, Spring Framework ships a dedicated module with core AOT testing utilities, `"org.springframework:spring-core-test"`.
-This module contains the RuntimeHints Agent, a Java agent that records all method invocations that are related to runtime hints and helps you to assert that a given `RuntimeHints` instance covers all recorded invocations.
-Let's consider a piece of infrastructure for which we'd like to test the hints we're contributing during the AOT processing phase.
-
-include::code:SampleReflection[]
-
-We can then write a unit test (no native compilation required) that checks our contributed hints:
-
-include::code:SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests[]
-
-If you forgot to contribute a hint, the test will fail and provide some details about the invocation:
-
-[source,txt,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-org.springframework.docs.core.aot.hints.testing.SampleReflection performReflection
-INFO: Spring version:6.0.0-SNAPSHOT
-
-Missing <"ReflectionHints"> for invocation <java.lang.Class#forName>
-with arguments ["org.springframework.core.SpringVersion",
-    false,
-    jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader@251a69d7].
-Stacktrace:
-<"org.springframework.util.ClassUtils#forName, Line 284
-io.spring.runtimehintstesting.SampleReflection#performReflection, Line 19
-io.spring.runtimehintstesting.SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests#lambda$shouldRegisterReflectionHints$0, Line 25
----
-
-There are various ways to configure this Java agent in your build, so please refer to the documentation of your build tool and test execution plugin.
-The agent itself can be configured to instrument specific packages (by default, only `org.springframework` is instrumented).
-You'll find more details in the {spring-framework-main-code}/buildSrc/README.md[Spring Framework `buildSrc` README] file.
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-[[databuffers]]
-= Data Buffers and Codecs
-
-Java NIO provides `ByteBuffer` but many libraries build their own byte buffer API on top,
-especially for network operations where reusing buffers and/or using direct buffers is
-beneficial for performance. For example Netty has the `ByteBuf` hierarchy, Undertow uses
-XNIO, Jetty uses pooled byte buffers with a callback to be released, and so on.
-The `spring-core` module provides a set of abstractions to work with various byte buffer
-APIs as follows:
-
-* <<databuffers-factory>> abstracts the creation of a data buffer.
-* <<databuffers-buffer>> represents a byte buffer, which may be
-<<databuffers-buffer-pooled, pooled>>.
-* <<databuffers-utils>> offers utility methods for data buffers.
-* <<Codecs>> decode or encode data buffer streams into higher level objects.
-
-
-
-
-[[databuffers-factory]]
-== `DataBufferFactory`
-
-`DataBufferFactory` is used to create data buffers in one of two ways:
-
-. Allocate a new data buffer, optionally specifying capacity upfront, if known, which is
-more efficient even though implementations of `DataBuffer` can grow and shrink on demand.
-. Wrap an existing `byte[]` or `java.nio.ByteBuffer`, which decorates the given data with
-a `DataBuffer` implementation and that does not involve allocation.
-
-Note that WebFlux applications do not create a `DataBufferFactory` directly but instead
-access it through the `ServerHttpResponse` or the `ClientHttpRequest` on the client side.
-The type of factory depends on the underlying client or server, e.g.
-`NettyDataBufferFactory` for Reactor Netty, `DefaultDataBufferFactory` for others.
-
-
-
-
-[[databuffers-buffer]]
-== `DataBuffer`
-
-The `DataBuffer` interface offers similar operations as `java.nio.ByteBuffer` but also
-brings a few additional benefits some of which are inspired by the Netty `ByteBuf`.
-Below is a partial list of benefits:
-
-* Read and write with independent positions, i.e. not requiring a call to `flip()` to
-alternate between read and write.
-* Capacity expanded on demand as with `java.lang.StringBuilder`.
-* Pooled buffers and reference counting via <<databuffers-buffer-pooled>>.
-* View a buffer as `java.nio.ByteBuffer`, `InputStream`, or `OutputStream`.
-* Determine the index, or the last index, for a given byte.
-
-
-
-
-[[databuffers-buffer-pooled]]
-== `PooledDataBuffer`
-
-As explained in the Javadoc for
-https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/nio/ByteBuffer.html[ByteBuffer],
-byte buffers can be direct or non-direct. Direct buffers may reside outside the Java heap
-which eliminates the need for copying for native I/O operations. That makes direct buffers
-particularly useful for receiving and sending data over a socket, but they're also more
-expensive to create and release, which leads to the idea of pooling buffers.
-
-`PooledDataBuffer` is an extension of `DataBuffer` that helps with reference counting which
-is essential for byte buffer pooling. How does it work? When a `PooledDataBuffer` is
-allocated the reference count is at 1. Calls to `retain()` increment the count, while
-calls to `release()` decrement it. As long as the count is above 0, the buffer is
-guaranteed not to be released. When the count is decreased to 0, the pooled buffer can be
-released, which in practice could mean the reserved memory for the buffer is returned to
-the memory pool.
-
-Note that instead of operating on `PooledDataBuffer` directly, in most cases it's better
-to use the convenience methods in `DataBufferUtils` that apply release or retain to a
-`DataBuffer` only if it is an instance of `PooledDataBuffer`.
-
-
-
-
-[[databuffers-utils]]
-== `DataBufferUtils`
-
-`DataBufferUtils` offers a number of utility methods to operate on data buffers:
-
-* Join a stream of data buffers into a single buffer possibly with zero copy, e.g. via
-composite buffers, if that's supported by the underlying byte buffer API.
-* Turn `InputStream` or NIO `Channel` into `Flux<DataBuffer>`, and vice versa a
-`Publisher<DataBuffer>` into `OutputStream` or NIO `Channel`.
-* Methods to release or retain a `DataBuffer` if the buffer is an instance of
-`PooledDataBuffer`.
-* Skip or take from a stream of bytes until a specific byte count.
-
-
-
-
-[[codecs]]
-== Codecs
-
-The `org.springframework.core.codec` package provides the following strategy interfaces:
-
-* `Encoder` to encode `Publisher<T>` into a stream of data buffers.
-* `Decoder` to decode `Publisher<DataBuffer>` into a stream of higher level objects.
-
-The `spring-core` module provides `byte[]`, `ByteBuffer`, `DataBuffer`, `Resource`, and
-`String` encoder and decoder implementations. The `spring-web` module adds Jackson JSON,
-Jackson Smile, JAXB2, Protocol Buffers and other encoders and decoders. See
-<<web-reactive.adoc#webflux-codecs, Codecs>> in the WebFlux section.
-
-
-
-
-[[databuffers-using]]
-== Using `DataBuffer`
-
-When working with data buffers, special care must be taken to ensure buffers are released
-since they may be <<databuffers-buffer-pooled, pooled>>. We'll use codecs to illustrate
-how that works but the concepts apply more generally. Let's see what codecs must do
-internally to manage data buffers.
-
-A `Decoder` is the last to read input data buffers, before creating higher level
-objects, and therefore it must release them as follows:
-
-. If a `Decoder` simply reads each input buffer and is ready to
-release it immediately, it can do so via `DataBufferUtils.release(dataBuffer)`.
-. If a `Decoder` is using `Flux` or `Mono` operators such as `flatMap`, `reduce`, and
-others that prefetch and cache data items internally, or is using operators such as
-`filter`, `skip`, and others that leave out items, then
-`doOnDiscard(DataBuffer.class, DataBufferUtils::release)` must be added to the
-composition chain to ensure such buffers are released prior to being discarded, possibly
-also as a result of an error or cancellation signal.
-. If a `Decoder` holds on to one or more data buffers in any other way, it must
-ensure they are released when fully read, or in case of an error or cancellation signals that
-take place before the cached data buffers have been read and released.
-
-Note that `DataBufferUtils#join` offers a safe and efficient way to aggregate a data
-buffer stream into a single data buffer. Likewise `skipUntilByteCount` and
-`takeUntilByteCount` are additional safe methods for decoders to use.
-
-An `Encoder` allocates data buffers that others must read (and release). So an `Encoder`
-doesn't have much to do. However an `Encoder` must take care to release a data buffer if
-a serialization error occurs while populating the buffer with data. For example:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	DataBuffer buffer = factory.allocateBuffer();
-	boolean release = true;
-	try {
-		// serialize and populate buffer..
-		release = false;
-	}
-	finally {
-		if (release) {
-			DataBufferUtils.release(buffer);
-		}
-	}
-	return buffer;
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val buffer = factory.allocateBuffer()
-	var release = true
-	try {
-		// serialize and populate buffer..
-		release = false
-	} finally {
-		if (release) {
-			DataBufferUtils.release(buffer)
-		}
-	}
-	return buffer
----
-
-The consumer of an `Encoder` is responsible for releasing the data buffers it receives.
-In a WebFlux application, the output of the `Encoder` is used to write to the HTTP server
-response, or to the client HTTP request, in which case releasing the data buffers is the
-responsibility of the code writing to the server response, or to the client request.
-
-Note that when running on Netty, there are debugging options for
-https://github.com/netty/netty/wiki/Reference-counted-objects#troubleshooting-buffer-leaks[troubleshooting buffer leaks].
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-[[null-safety]]
-= Null-safety
-
-Although Java does not let you express null-safety with its type system, the Spring Framework
-now provides the following annotations in the `org.springframework.lang` package to let you
-declare nullability of APIs and fields:
-
-* {api-spring-framework}/lang/Nullable.html[`@Nullable`]: Annotation to indicate that a
-specific parameter, return value, or field can be `null`.
-* {api-spring-framework}/lang/NonNull.html[`@NonNull`]: Annotation to indicate that a specific
-parameter, return value, or field cannot be `null` (not needed on parameters / return values
-and fields where `@NonNullApi` and `@NonNullFields` apply, respectively).
-* {api-spring-framework}/lang/NonNullApi.html[`@NonNullApi`]: Annotation at the package level
-that declares non-null as the default semantics for parameters and return values.
-* {api-spring-framework}/lang/NonNullFields.html[`@NonNullFields`]: Annotation at the package
-level that declares non-null as the default semantics for fields.
-
-The Spring Framework itself leverages these annotations, but they can also be used in any
-Spring-based Java project to declare null-safe APIs and optionally null-safe fields.
-Generic type arguments, varargs and array elements nullability are not supported yet but
-should be in an upcoming release, see https://jira.spring.io/browse/SPR-15942[SPR-15942]
-for up-to-date information. Nullability declarations are expected to be fine-tuned between
-Spring Framework releases, including minor ones. Nullability of types used inside method
-bodies is outside of the scope of this feature.
-
-NOTE: Other common libraries such as Reactor and Spring Data provide null-safe APIs that
-use a similar nullability arrangement, delivering a consistent overall experience for
-Spring application developers.
-
-
-
-
-== Use cases
-
-In addition to providing an explicit declaration for Spring Framework API nullability,
-these annotations can be used by an IDE (such as IDEA or Eclipse) to provide useful
-warnings related to null-safety in order to avoid `NullPointerException` at runtime.
-
-They are also used to make Spring API null-safe in Kotlin projects, since Kotlin natively
-supports https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/null-safety.html[null-safety]. More details
-are available in the <<languages#kotlin-null-safety, Kotlin support documentation>>.
-
-
-
-
-== JSR-305 meta-annotations
-
-Spring annotations are meta-annotated with https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=305[JSR 305]
-annotations (a dormant but wide-spread JSR). JSR-305 meta-annotations let tooling vendors
-like IDEA or Kotlin provide null-safety support in a generic way, without having to
-hard-code support for Spring annotations.
-
-It is not necessary nor recommended to add a JSR-305 dependency to the project classpath to
-take advantage of Spring null-safe API. Only projects such as Spring-based libraries that use
-null-safety annotations in their codebase should add `com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2`
-with `compileOnly` Gradle configuration or Maven `provided` scope to avoid compile warnings.
@@ -1,965 +0,0 @@
-[[resources]]
-= Resources
-
-This chapter covers how Spring handles resources and how you can work with resources in
-Spring. It includes the following topics:
-
-* <<resources-introduction>>
-* <<resources-resource>>
-* <<resources-implementations>>
-* <<resources-resourceloader>>
-* <<resources-resourcepatternresolver>>
-* <<resources-resourceloaderaware>>
-* <<resources-as-dependencies>>
-* <<resources-app-ctx>>
-
-
-
-
-[[resources-introduction]]
-== Introduction
-
-Java's standard `java.net.URL` class and standard handlers for various URL prefixes,
-unfortunately, are not quite adequate enough for all access to low-level resources. For
-example, there is no standardized `URL` implementation that may be used to access a
-resource that needs to be obtained from the classpath or relative to a
-`ServletContext`. While it is possible to register new handlers for specialized `URL`
-prefixes (similar to existing handlers for prefixes such as `http:`), this is generally
-quite complicated, and the `URL` interface still lacks some desirable functionality,
-such as a method to check for the existence of the resource being pointed to.
-
-
-
-
-[[resources-resource]]
-== The `Resource` Interface
-
-Spring's `Resource` interface located in the `org.springframework.core.io.` package is
-meant to be a more capable interface for abstracting access to low-level resources. The
-following listing provides an overview of the `Resource` interface. See the
-{api-spring-framework}/core/io/Resource.html[`Resource`] javadoc for further details.
-
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface Resource extends InputStreamSource {
-
-		boolean exists();
-
-		boolean isReadable();
-
-		boolean isOpen();
-
-		boolean isFile();
-
-		URL getURL() throws IOException;
-
-		URI getURI() throws IOException;
-
-		File getFile() throws IOException;
-
-		ReadableByteChannel readableChannel() throws IOException;
-
-		long contentLength() throws IOException;
-
-		long lastModified() throws IOException;
-
-		Resource createRelative(String relativePath) throws IOException;
-
-		String getFilename();
-
-		String getDescription();
-	}
----
-
-As the definition of the `Resource` interface shows, it extends the `InputStreamSource`
-interface. The following listing shows the definition of the `InputStreamSource`
-interface:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface InputStreamSource {
-
-		InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException;
-	}
----
-
-Some of the most important methods from the `Resource` interface are:
-
-* `getInputStream()`: Locates and opens the resource, returning an `InputStream` for
-  reading from the resource. It is expected that each invocation returns a fresh
-  `InputStream`. It is the responsibility of the caller to close the stream.
-* `exists()`: Returns a `boolean` indicating whether this resource actually exists in
-  physical form.
-* `isOpen()`: Returns a `boolean` indicating whether this resource represents a handle
-  with an open stream. If `true`, the `InputStream` cannot be read multiple times and
-  must be read once only and then closed to avoid resource leaks. Returns `false` for
-  all usual resource implementations, with the exception of `InputStreamResource`.
-* `getDescription()`: Returns a description for this resource, to be used for error
-  output when working with the resource. This is often the fully qualified file name or
-  the actual URL of the resource.
-
-Other methods let you obtain an actual `URL` or `File` object representing the
-resource (if the underlying implementation is compatible and supports that
-functionality).
-
-Some implementations of the `Resource` interface also implement the extended
-{api-spring-framework}/core/io/WritableResource.html[`WritableResource`] interface
-for a resource that supports writing to it.
-
-Spring itself uses the `Resource` abstraction extensively, as an argument type in
-many method signatures when a resource is needed. Other methods in some Spring APIs
-(such as the constructors to various `ApplicationContext` implementations) take a
-`String` which in unadorned or simple form is used to create a `Resource` appropriate to
-that context implementation or, via special prefixes on the `String` path, let the
-caller specify that a specific `Resource` implementation must be created and used.
-
-While the `Resource` interface is used a lot with Spring and by Spring, it is actually
-very convenient to use as a general utility class by itself in your own code, for access
-to resources, even when your code does not know or care about any other parts of Spring.
-While this couples your code to Spring, it really only couples it to this small set of
-utility classes, which serves as a more capable replacement for `URL` and can be
-considered equivalent to any other library you would use for this purpose.
-
-NOTE: The `Resource` abstraction does not replace functionality. It wraps it where
-possible. For example, a `UrlResource` wraps a URL and uses the wrapped `URL` to do its
-work.
-
-
-
-
-[[resources-implementations]]
-== Built-in `Resource` Implementations
-
-Spring includes several built-in `Resource` implementations:
-
-* <<resources-implementations-urlresource>>
-* <<resources-implementations-classpathresource>>
-* <<resources-implementations-filesystemresource>>
-* <<resources-implementations-pathresource>>
-* <<resources-implementations-servletcontextresource>>
-* <<resources-implementations-inputstreamresource>>
-* <<resources-implementations-bytearrayresource>>
-
-For a complete list of `Resource` implementations available in Spring, consult the
-"All Known Implementing Classes" section of the
-{api-spring-framework}/core/io/Resource.html[`Resource`] javadoc.
-
-
-
-[[resources-implementations-urlresource]]
-=== `UrlResource`
-
-`UrlResource` wraps a `java.net.URL` and can be used to access any object that is
-normally accessible with a URL, such as files, an HTTPS target, an FTP target, and
-others. All URLs have a standardized `String` representation, such that appropriate
-standardized prefixes are used to indicate one URL type from another. This includes
-`file:` for accessing filesystem paths, `https:` for accessing resources through the
-HTTPS protocol, `ftp:` for accessing resources through FTP, and others.
-
-A `UrlResource` is created by Java code by explicitly using the `UrlResource` constructor
-but is often created implicitly when you call an API method that takes a `String`
-argument meant to represent a path. For the latter case, a JavaBeans `PropertyEditor`
-ultimately decides which type of `Resource` to create. If the path string contains a
-well-known (to property editor, that is) prefix (such as `classpath:`), it creates an
-appropriate specialized `Resource` for that prefix. However, if it does not recognize the
-prefix, it assumes the string is a standard URL string and creates a `UrlResource`.
-
-
-
-[[resources-implementations-classpathresource]]
-=== `ClassPathResource`
-
-This class represents a resource that should be obtained from the classpath. It uses
-either the thread context class loader, a given class loader, or a given class for
-loading resources.
-
-This `Resource` implementation supports resolution as a `java.io.File` if the class path
-resource resides in the file system but not for classpath resources that reside in a
-jar and have not been expanded (by the servlet engine or whatever the environment is)
-to the filesystem. To address this, the various `Resource` implementations always support
-resolution as a `java.net.URL`.
-
-A `ClassPathResource` is created by Java code by explicitly using the `ClassPathResource`
-constructor but is often created implicitly when you call an API method that takes a
-`String` argument meant to represent a path. For the latter case, a JavaBeans
-`PropertyEditor` recognizes the special prefix, `classpath:`, on the string path and
-creates a `ClassPathResource` in that case.
-
-
-
-[[resources-implementations-filesystemresource]]
-=== `FileSystemResource`
-
-This is a `Resource` implementation for `java.io.File` handles. It also supports
-`java.nio.file.Path` handles, applying Spring's standard String-based path
-transformations but performing all operations via the `java.nio.file.Files` API. For pure
-`java.nio.path.Path` based support use a `PathResource` instead. `FileSystemResource`
-supports resolution as a `File` and as a `URL`.
-
-
-
-[[resources-implementations-pathresource]]
-=== `PathResource`
-
-This is a `Resource` implementation for `java.nio.file.Path` handles, performing all
-operations and transformations via the `Path` API. It supports resolution as a `File` and
-as a `URL` and also implements the extended `WritableResource` interface. `PathResource`
-is effectively a pure `java.nio.path.Path` based alternative to `FileSystemResource` with
-different `createRelative` behavior.
-
-
-
-[[resources-implementations-servletcontextresource]]
-=== `ServletContextResource`
-
-This is a `Resource` implementation for `ServletContext` resources that interprets
-relative paths within the relevant web application's root directory.
-
-It always supports stream access and URL access but allows `java.io.File` access only
-when the web application archive is expanded and the resource is physically on the
-filesystem. Whether or not it is expanded and on the filesystem or accessed
-directly from the JAR or somewhere else like a database (which is conceivable) is actually
-dependent on the Servlet container.
-
-
-
-[[resources-implementations-inputstreamresource]]
-=== `InputStreamResource`
-
-An `InputStreamResource` is a `Resource` implementation for a given `InputStream`. It
-should be used only if no specific `Resource` implementation is applicable. In
-particular, prefer `ByteArrayResource` or any of the file-based `Resource`
-implementations where possible.
-
-In contrast to other `Resource` implementations, this is a descriptor for an
-already-opened resource. Therefore, it returns `true` from `isOpen()`. Do not use it if
-you need to keep the resource descriptor somewhere or if you need to read a stream
-multiple times.
-
-
-
-[[resources-implementations-bytearrayresource]]
-=== `ByteArrayResource`
-
-This is a `Resource` implementation for a given byte array. It creates a
-`ByteArrayInputStream` for the given byte array.
-
-It is useful for loading content from any given byte array without having to resort to a
-single-use `InputStreamResource`.
-
-
-
-
-[[resources-resourceloader]]
-== The `ResourceLoader` Interface
-
-The `ResourceLoader` interface is meant to be implemented by objects that can return
-(that is, load) `Resource` instances. The following listing shows the `ResourceLoader`
-interface definition:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface ResourceLoader {
-
-		Resource getResource(String location);
-
-		ClassLoader getClassLoader();
-	}
----
-
-All application contexts implement the `ResourceLoader` interface. Therefore, all
-application contexts may be used to obtain `Resource` instances.
-
-When you call `getResource()` on a specific application context, and the location path
-specified doesn't have a specific prefix, you get back a `Resource` type that is
-appropriate to that particular application context. For example, assume the following
-snippet of code was run against a `ClassPathXmlApplicationContext` instance:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	Resource template = ctx.getResource("some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val template = ctx.getResource("some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt")
----
-
-Against a `ClassPathXmlApplicationContext`, that code returns a `ClassPathResource`. If
-the same method were run against a `FileSystemXmlApplicationContext` instance, it would
-return a `FileSystemResource`. For a `WebApplicationContext`, it would return a
-`ServletContextResource`. It would similarly return appropriate objects for each context.
-
-As a result, you can load resources in a fashion appropriate to the particular application
-context.
-
-On the other hand, you may also force `ClassPathResource` to be used, regardless of the
-application context type, by specifying the special `classpath:` prefix, as the following
-example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	Resource template = ctx.getResource("classpath:some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val template = ctx.getResource("classpath:some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt")
----
-
-Similarly, you can force a `UrlResource` to be used by specifying any of the standard
-`java.net.URL` prefixes. The following examples use the `file` and `https` prefixes:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	Resource template = ctx.getResource("file:///some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val template = ctx.getResource("file:///some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt")
----
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	Resource template = ctx.getResource("https://myhost.com/resource/path/myTemplate.txt");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val template = ctx.getResource("https://myhost.com/resource/path/myTemplate.txt")
----
-
-The following table summarizes the strategy for converting `String` objects to `Resource`
-objects:
-
-[[resources-resource-strings]]
-.Resource strings
-|===
-| Prefix| Example| Explanation
-
-| classpath:
-| `classpath:com/myapp/config.xml`
-| Loaded from the classpath.
-
-| file:
-| `\file:///data/config.xml`
-| Loaded as a `URL` from the filesystem. See also <<resources-filesystemresource-caveats>>.
-
-| https:
-| `\https://myserver/logo.png`
-| Loaded as a `URL`.
-
-| (none)
-| `/data/config.xml`
-| Depends on the underlying `ApplicationContext`.
-|===
-
-
-
-
-[[resources-resourcepatternresolver]]
-== The `ResourcePatternResolver` Interface
-
-The `ResourcePatternResolver` interface is an extension to the `ResourceLoader` interface
-which defines a strategy for resolving a location pattern (for example, an Ant-style path
-pattern) into  `Resource` objects.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface ResourcePatternResolver extends ResourceLoader {
-
-		String CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX = "classpath*:";
-
-		Resource[] getResources(String locationPattern) throws IOException;
-	}
----
-
-As can be seen above, this interface also defines a special `classpath*:` resource prefix
-for all matching resources from the class path. Note that the resource location is
-expected to be a path without placeholders in this case -- for example,
-`classpath*:/config/beans.xml`. JAR files or different directories in the class path can
-contain multiple files with the same path and the same name. See
-<<resources-app-ctx-wildcards-in-resource-paths>> and its subsections for further details
-on wildcard support with the `classpath*:` resource prefix.
-
-A passed-in `ResourceLoader` (for example, one supplied via
-<<resources-resourceloaderaware,`ResourceLoaderAware`>> semantics) can be checked whether
-it implements this extended interface too.
-
-`PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver` is a standalone implementation that is usable
-outside an `ApplicationContext` and is also used by `ResourceArrayPropertyEditor` for
-populating `Resource[]` bean properties. `PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver` is able to
-resolve a specified resource location path into one or more matching `Resource` objects.
-The source path may be a simple path which has a one-to-one mapping to a target
-`Resource`, or alternatively may contain the special `classpath*:` prefix and/or internal
-Ant-style regular expressions (matched using Spring's
-`org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher` utility). Both of the latter are effectively
-wildcards.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-The default `ResourceLoader` in any standard `ApplicationContext` is in fact an instance
-of `PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver` which implements the `ResourcePatternResolver`
-interface. The same is true for the `ApplicationContext` instance itself which also
-implements the `ResourcePatternResolver` interface and delegates to the default
-`PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver`.
-====
-
-
-
-
-[[resources-resourceloaderaware]]
-== The `ResourceLoaderAware` Interface
-
-The `ResourceLoaderAware` interface is a special callback interface which identifies
-components that expect to be provided a `ResourceLoader` reference. The following listing
-shows the definition of the `ResourceLoaderAware` interface:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface ResourceLoaderAware {
-
-		void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader);
-	}
----
-
-When a class implements `ResourceLoaderAware` and is deployed into an application context
-(as a Spring-managed bean), it is recognized as `ResourceLoaderAware` by the application
-context. The application context then invokes `setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader)`,
-supplying itself as the argument (remember, all application contexts in Spring implement
-the `ResourceLoader` interface).
-
-Since an `ApplicationContext` is a `ResourceLoader`, the bean could also implement the
-`ApplicationContextAware` interface and use the supplied application context directly to
-load resources. However, in general, it is better to use the specialized `ResourceLoader`
-interface if that is all you need. The code would be coupled only to the resource loading
-interface (which can be considered a utility interface) and not to the whole Spring
-`ApplicationContext` interface.
-
-In application components, you may also rely upon autowiring of the `ResourceLoader` as
-an alternative to implementing the `ResourceLoaderAware` interface. The _traditional_
-`constructor` and `byType` autowiring modes (as described in <<beans-factory-autowire>>)
-are capable of providing a `ResourceLoader` for either a constructor argument or a
-setter method parameter, respectively. For more flexibility (including the ability to
-autowire fields and multiple parameter methods), consider using the annotation-based
-autowiring features. In that case, the `ResourceLoader` is autowired into a field,
-constructor argument, or method parameter that expects the `ResourceLoader` type as long
-as the field, constructor, or method in question carries the `@Autowired` annotation.
-For more information, see <<beans-autowired-annotation>>.
-
-NOTE: To load one or more `Resource` objects for a resource path that contains wildcards
-or makes use of the special `classpath*:` resource prefix, consider having an instance of
-<<resources-resourcepatternresolver,`ResourcePatternResolver`>> autowired into your
-application components instead of `ResourceLoader`.
-
-
-
-
-[[resources-as-dependencies]]
-== Resources as Dependencies
-
-If the bean itself is going to determine and supply the resource path through some sort
-of dynamic process, it probably makes sense for the bean to use the `ResourceLoader` or
-`ResourcePatternResolver` interface to load resources. For example, consider the loading
-of a template of some sort, where the specific resource that is needed depends on the
-role of the user. If the resources are static, it makes sense to eliminate the use of the
-`ResourceLoader` interface (or `ResourcePatternResolver` interface) completely, have the
-bean expose the `Resource` properties it needs, and expect them to be injected into it.
-
-What makes it trivial to then inject these properties is that all application contexts
-register and use a special JavaBeans `PropertyEditor`, which can convert `String` paths
-to `Resource` objects. For example, the following `MyBean` class has a `template`
-property of type `Resource`.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	package example;
-
-	public class MyBean {
-
-		private Resource template;
-
-		public setTemplate(Resource template) {
-			this.template = template;
-		}
-
-		// ...
-	}
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	class MyBean(var template: Resource)
----
-
-In an XML configuration file, the `template` property can be configured with a simple
-string for that resource, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="myBean" class="example.MyBean">
-		<property name="template" value="some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-Note that the resource path has no prefix. Consequently, because the application context
-itself is going to be used as the `ResourceLoader`, the resource is loaded through a
-`ClassPathResource`, a `FileSystemResource`, or a `ServletContextResource`, depending on
-the exact type of the application context.
-
-If you need to force a specific `Resource` type to be used, you can use a prefix. The
-following two examples show how to force a `ClassPathResource` and a `UrlResource` (the
-latter being used to access a file in the filesystem):
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<property name="template" value="classpath:some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt">
----
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<property name="template" value="file:///some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt"/>
----
-
-If the `MyBean` class is refactored for use with annotation-driven configuration, the
-path to `myTemplate.txt` can be stored under a key named `template.path` -- for example,
-in a properties file made available to the Spring `Environment` (see
-<<beans-environment>>). The template path can then be referenced via the `@Value`
-annotation using a property placeholder (see <<beans-value-annotations>>). Spring will
-retrieve the value of the template path as a string, and a special `PropertyEditor` will
-convert the string to a `Resource` object to be injected into the `MyBean` constructor.
-The following example demonstrates how to achieve this.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@Component
-	public class MyBean {
-
-		private final Resource template;
-
-		public MyBean(@Value("${template.path}") Resource template) {
-			this.template = template;
-		}
-
-		// ...
-	}
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	@Component
-	class MyBean(@Value("\${template.path}") private val template: Resource)
----
-
-If we want to support multiple templates discovered under the same path in multiple
-locations in the classpath -- for example, in multiple jars in the classpath -- we can
-use the special `classpath*:` prefix and wildcarding to define a `templates.path` key as
-`classpath*:/config/templates/*.txt`. If we redefine the `MyBean` class as follows,
-Spring will convert the template path pattern into an array of `Resource` objects that
-can be injected into the `MyBean` constructor.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@Component
-	public class MyBean {
-
-		private final Resource[] templates;
-
-		public MyBean(@Value("${templates.path}") Resource[] templates) {
-			this.templates = templates;
-		}
-
-		// ...
-	}
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	@Component
-	class MyBean(@Value("\${templates.path}") private val templates: Resource[])
----
-
-
-
-
-[[resources-app-ctx]]
-== Application Contexts and Resource Paths
-
-This section covers how to create application contexts with resources, including shortcuts
-that work with XML, how to use wildcards, and other details.
-
-
-
-[[resources-app-ctx-construction]]
-=== Constructing Application Contexts
-
-An application context constructor (for a specific application context type) generally
-takes a string or array of strings as the location paths of the resources, such as
-XML files that make up the definition of the context.
-
-When such a location path does not have a prefix, the specific `Resource` type built from
-that path and used to load the bean definitions depends on and is appropriate to the
-specific application context. For example, consider the following example, which creates a
-`ClassPathXmlApplicationContext`:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/appContext.xml");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val ctx = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/appContext.xml")
----
-
-The bean definitions are loaded from the classpath, because a `ClassPathResource` is
-used. However, consider the following example, which creates a `FileSystemXmlApplicationContext`:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ApplicationContext ctx =
-		new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("conf/appContext.xml");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val ctx = FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("conf/appContext.xml")
----
-
-Now the bean definitions are loaded from a filesystem location (in this case, relative to
-the current working directory).
-
-Note that the use of the special `classpath` prefix or a standard URL prefix on the
-location path overrides the default type of `Resource` created to load the bean
-definitions. Consider the following example:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ApplicationContext ctx =
-		new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:conf/appContext.xml");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val ctx = FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:conf/appContext.xml")
----
-
-Using `FileSystemXmlApplicationContext` loads the bean definitions from the classpath.
-However, it is still a `FileSystemXmlApplicationContext`. If it is subsequently used as a
-`ResourceLoader`, any unprefixed paths are still treated as filesystem paths.
-
-
-[[resources-app-ctx-classpathxml]]
-==== Constructing `ClassPathXmlApplicationContext` Instances -- Shortcuts
-
-The `ClassPathXmlApplicationContext` exposes a number of constructors to enable
-convenient instantiation. The basic idea is that you can supply merely a string array
-that contains only the filenames of the XML files themselves (without the leading path
-information) and also supply a `Class`. The `ClassPathXmlApplicationContext` then derives
-the path information from the supplied class.
-
-Consider the following directory layout:
-
-[literal,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-com/
-  example/
-    services.xml
-    repositories.xml
-    MessengerService.class
----
-
-The following example shows how a `ClassPathXmlApplicationContext` instance composed of
-the beans defined in files named `services.xml` and `repositories.xml` (which are on the
-classpath) can be instantiated:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
-		new String[] {"services.xml", "repositories.xml"}, MessengerService.class);
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val ctx = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(arrayOf("services.xml", "repositories.xml"), MessengerService::class.java)
----
-
-See the {api-spring-framework}/context/support/ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.html[`ClassPathXmlApplicationContext`]
-javadoc for details on the various constructors.
-
-
-
-[[resources-app-ctx-wildcards-in-resource-paths]]
-=== Wildcards in Application Context Constructor Resource Paths
-
-The resource paths in application context constructor values may be simple paths (as
-shown earlier), each of which has a one-to-one mapping to a target `Resource` or,
-alternately, may contain the special `classpath*:` prefix or internal Ant-style patterns
-(matched by using Spring's `PathMatcher` utility). Both of the latter are effectively
-wildcards.
-
-One use for this mechanism is when you need to do component-style application assembly. All
-components can _publish_ context definition fragments to a well-known location path, and,
-when the final application context is created using the same path prefixed with
-`classpath*:`, all component fragments are automatically picked up.
-
-Note that this wildcarding is specific to the use of resource paths in application context
-constructors (or when you use the `PathMatcher` utility class hierarchy directly) and is
-resolved at construction time. It has nothing to do with the `Resource` type itself.
-You cannot use the `classpath*:` prefix to construct an actual `Resource`, as
-a resource points to just one resource at a time.
-
-
-[[resources-app-ctx-ant-patterns-in-paths]]
-==== Ant-style Patterns
-
-Path locations can contain Ant-style patterns, as the following example shows:
-
-[literal,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-/WEB-INF/\*-context.xml
-com/mycompany/\**/applicationContext.xml
-file:C:/some/path/\*-context.xml
-classpath:com/mycompany/**/applicationContext.xml
----
-
-When the path location contains an Ant-style pattern, the resolver follows a more complex
-procedure to try to resolve the wildcard. It produces a `Resource` for the path up to the
-last non-wildcard segment and obtains a URL from it. If this URL is not a `jar:` URL or
-container-specific variant (such as `zip:` in WebLogic, `wsjar` in WebSphere, and so on),
-a `java.io.File` is obtained from it and used to resolve the wildcard by traversing the
-filesystem. In the case of a jar URL, the resolver either gets a
-`java.net.JarURLConnection` from it or manually parses the jar URL and then traverses the
-contents of the jar file to resolve the wildcards.
-
-[[resources-app-ctx-portability]]
-===== Implications on Portability
-
-If the specified path is already a `file` URL (either implicitly because the base
-`ResourceLoader` is a filesystem one or explicitly), wildcarding is guaranteed to
-work in a completely portable fashion.
-
-If the specified path is a `classpath` location, the resolver must obtain the last
-non-wildcard path segment URL by making a `Classloader.getResource()` call. Since this
-is just a node of the path (not the file at the end), it is actually undefined (in the
-`ClassLoader` javadoc) exactly what sort of a URL is returned in this case. In practice,
-it is always a `java.io.File` representing the directory (where the classpath resource
-resolves to a filesystem location) or a jar URL of some sort (where the classpath resource
-resolves to a jar location). Still, there is a portability concern on this operation.
-
-If a jar URL is obtained for the last non-wildcard segment, the resolver must be able to
-get a `java.net.JarURLConnection` from it or manually parse the jar URL, to be able to
-walk the contents of the jar and resolve the wildcard. This does work in most environments
-but fails in others, and we strongly recommend that the wildcard resolution of resources
-coming from jars be thoroughly tested in your specific environment before you rely on it.
-
-
-[[resources-classpath-wildcards]]
-==== The `classpath*:` Prefix
-
-When constructing an XML-based application context, a location string may use the
-special `classpath*:` prefix, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ApplicationContext ctx =
-		new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath*:conf/appContext.xml");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val ctx = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath*:conf/appContext.xml")
----
-
-This special prefix specifies that all classpath resources that match the given name
-must be obtained (internally, this essentially happens through a call to
-`ClassLoader.getResources(...)`) and then merged to form the final application
-context definition.
-
-NOTE: The wildcard classpath relies on the `getResources()` method of the underlying
-`ClassLoader`. As most application servers nowadays supply their own `ClassLoader`
-implementation, the behavior might differ, especially when dealing with jar files. A
-simple test to check if `classpath*` works is to use the `ClassLoader` to load a file from
-within a jar on the classpath:
-`getClass().getClassLoader().getResources("<someFileInsideTheJar>")`. Try this test with
-files that have the same name but reside in two different locations -- for example, files
-with the same name and same path but in different jars on the classpath. In case an
-inappropriate result is returned, check the application server documentation for settings
-that might affect the `ClassLoader` behavior.
-
-You can also combine the `classpath*:` prefix with a `PathMatcher` pattern in the
-rest of the location path (for example, `classpath*:META-INF/*-beans.xml`). In this
-case, the resolution strategy is fairly simple: A `ClassLoader.getResources()` call is
-used on the last non-wildcard path segment to get all the matching resources in the
-class loader hierarchy and then, off each resource, the same `PathMatcher` resolution
-strategy described earlier is used for the wildcard subpath.
-
-
-[[resources-wildcards-in-path-other-stuff]]
-==== Other Notes Relating to Wildcards
-
-Note that `classpath*:`, when combined with Ant-style patterns, only works
-reliably with at least one root directory before the pattern starts, unless the actual
-target files reside in the file system. This means that a pattern such as
-`classpath*:*.xml` might not retrieve files from the root of jar files but rather only
-from the root of expanded directories.
-
-Spring's ability to retrieve classpath entries originates from the JDK's
-`ClassLoader.getResources()` method, which only returns file system locations for an
-empty string (indicating potential roots to search). Spring evaluates
-`URLClassLoader` runtime configuration and the `java.class.path` manifest in jar files
-as well, but this is not guaranteed to lead to portable behavior.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-The scanning of classpath packages requires the presence of corresponding directory
-entries in the classpath. When you build JARs with Ant, do not activate the `files-only`
-switch of the JAR task. Also, classpath directories may not get exposed based on security
-policies in some environments -- for example, stand-alone applications on JDK 1.7.0_45
-and higher (which requires 'Trusted-Library' to be set up in your manifests. See
-https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19394570/java-jre-7u45-breaks-classloader-getresources).
-
-On JDK 9's module path (Jigsaw), Spring's classpath scanning generally works as expected.
-Putting resources into a dedicated directory is highly recommendable here as well,
-avoiding the aforementioned portability problems with searching the jar file root level.
-====
-
-Ant-style patterns with `classpath:` resources are not guaranteed to find matching
-resources if the root package to search is available in multiple classpath locations.
-Consider the following example of a resource location:
-
-[literal,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-com/mycompany/package1/service-context.xml
----
-
-Now consider an Ant-style path that someone might use to try to find that file:
-
-[literal,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-classpath:com/mycompany/**/service-context.xml
----
-
-Such a resource may exist in only one location in the classpath, but when a path such as
-the preceding example is used to try to resolve it, the resolver works off the (first)
-URL returned by `getResource("com/mycompany");`. If this base package node exists in
-multiple `ClassLoader` locations, the desired resource may not exist in the first
-location found. Therefore, in such cases you should prefer using `classpath*:` with the
-same Ant-style pattern, which searches all classpath locations that contain the
-`com.mycompany` base package: `classpath*:com/mycompany/**/service-context.xml`.
-
-
-
-[[resources-filesystemresource-caveats]]
-=== `FileSystemResource` Caveats
-
-A `FileSystemResource` that is not attached to a `FileSystemApplicationContext` (that
-is, when a `FileSystemApplicationContext` is not the actual `ResourceLoader`) treats
-absolute and relative paths as you would expect. Relative paths are relative to the
-current working directory, while absolute paths are relative to the root of the
-filesystem.
-
-For backwards compatibility (historical) reasons however, this changes when the
-`FileSystemApplicationContext` is the `ResourceLoader`. The
-`FileSystemApplicationContext` forces all attached `FileSystemResource` instances
-to treat all location paths as relative, whether they start with a leading slash or not.
-In practice, this means the following examples are equivalent:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ApplicationContext ctx =
-		new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("conf/context.xml");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val ctx = FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("conf/context.xml")
----
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ApplicationContext ctx =
-		new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("/conf/context.xml");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val ctx = FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("/conf/context.xml")
----
-
-The following examples are also equivalent (even though it would make sense for them to be different, as one
-case is relative and the other absolute):
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	FileSystemXmlApplicationContext ctx = ...;
-	ctx.getResource("some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val ctx: FileSystemXmlApplicationContext = ...
-	ctx.getResource("some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt")
----
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	FileSystemXmlApplicationContext ctx = ...;
-	ctx.getResource("/some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val ctx: FileSystemXmlApplicationContext = ...
-	ctx.getResource("/some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt")
----
-
-In practice, if you need true absolute filesystem paths, you should avoid using
-absolute paths with `FileSystemResource` or `FileSystemXmlApplicationContext` and
-force the use of a `UrlResource` by using the `file:` URL prefix. The following examples
-show how to do so:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	// actual context type doesn't matter, the Resource will always be UrlResource
-	ctx.getResource("file:///some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	// actual context type doesn't matter, the Resource will always be UrlResource
-	ctx.getResource("file:///some/resource/path/myTemplate.txt")
----
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	// force this FileSystemXmlApplicationContext to load its definition via a UrlResource
-	ApplicationContext ctx =
-		new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("file:///conf/context.xml");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	// force this FileSystemXmlApplicationContext to load its definition via a UrlResource
-	val ctx = FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("file:///conf/context.xml")
----
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-[[spring-jcl]]
-= Logging
-
-Since Spring Framework 5.0, Spring comes with its own Commons Logging bridge implemented
-in the `spring-jcl` module. The implementation checks for the presence of the Log4j 2.x
-API and the SLF4J 1.7 API in the classpath and uses the first one of those found as the
-logging implementation, falling back to the Java platform's core logging facilities (also
-known as _JUL_ or `java.util.logging`) if neither Log4j 2.x nor SLF4J is available.
-
-Put Log4j 2.x or Logback (or another SLF4J provider) in your classpath, without any extra
-bridges, and let the framework auto-adapt to your choice. For further information see the
-https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-logging[Spring
-Boot Logging Reference Documentation].
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-Spring's Commons Logging variant is only meant to be used for infrastructure logging
-purposes in the core framework and in extensions.
-
-For logging needs within application code, prefer direct use of Log4j 2.x, SLF4J, or JUL.
-====
-
-A `Log` implementation may be retrieved via `org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory` as in
-the following example.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-public class MyBean {
-	private final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
-    // ...
-}
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-class MyBean {
-  private val log = LogFactory.getLog(javaClass)
-  // ...
-}
----
@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-[[data.access.appendix]]
-= Appendix
-
-
-
-
-[[data.access.xsd-schemas]]
-== XML Schemas
-
-This part of the appendix lists XML schemas for data access, including the following:
-
-* <<xsd-schemas-tx>>
-* <<xsd-schemas-jdbc>>
-
-
-
-[[xsd-schemas-tx]]
-=== The `tx` Schema
-
-The `tx` tags deal with configuring all of those beans in Spring's comprehensive support
-for transactions. These tags are covered in the chapter entitled
-<<data-access.adoc#transaction, Transaction Management>>.
-
-TIP: We strongly encourage you to look at the `'spring-tx.xsd'` file that ships with the
-Spring distribution. This file contains the XML Schema for Spring's transaction
-configuration and covers all of the various elements in the `tx` namespace, including
-attribute defaults and similar information. This file is documented inline, and, thus,
-the information is not repeated here in the interests of adhering to the DRY (Don't
-Repeat Yourself) principle.
-
-In the interest of completeness, to use the elements in the `tx` schema, you need to have
-the following preamble at the top of your Spring XML configuration file. The text in the
-following snippet references the correct schema so that the tags in the `tx` namespace
-are available to you:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
-		xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-		xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
-		xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" <1>
-		xsi:schemaLocation="
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd <2>
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
-
-		<!-- bean definitions here -->
-
-	</beans>
----
-<1> Declare usage of the `tx` namespace.
-<2> Specify the location (with other schema locations).
-
-NOTE: Often, when you use the elements in the `tx` namespace, you are also using the
-elements from the `aop` namespace (since the declarative transaction support in Spring is
-implemented by using AOP). The preceding XML snippet contains the relevant lines needed
-to reference the `aop` schema so that the elements in the `aop` namespace are available
-to you.
-
-
-
-[[xsd-schemas-jdbc]]
-=== The `jdbc` Schema
-
-The `jdbc` elements let you quickly configure an embedded database or initialize an
-existing data source. These elements are documented in
-<<data-access.adoc#jdbc-embedded-database-support, Embedded Database Support>> and
-<<data-access.adoc#jdbc-initializing-datasource, Initializing a DataSource>>, respectively.
-
-To use the elements in the `jdbc` schema, you need to have the following preamble at the
-top of your Spring XML configuration file. The text in the following snippet references
-the correct schema so that the elements in the `jdbc` namespace are available to you:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
-		xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-		xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" <1>
-		xsi:schemaLocation="
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc https://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd"> <2>
-
-		<!-- bean definitions here -->
-
-	</beans>
----
-<1> Declare usage of the `jdbc` namespace.
-<2> Specify the location (with other schema locations).
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-<div id="header">
-<h1>Spring Framework Documentation</h1>
-<!--
-<div class="details">
-<span id="revnumber">{revnumber}</span>
-</div>
-->
-<span><strong>{revnumber}</strong></span>
-</div>
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-:noheader:
-= Spring Framework Documentation
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-
-[horizontal]
-<<overview.adoc#overview, Overview>> :: history, design philosophy, feedback,
-getting started.
-<<core.adoc#spring-core, Core>> :: IoC Container, Events, Resources, i18n,
-Validation, Data Binding, Type Conversion, SpEL, AOP, AOT.
-<<testing.adoc#testing, Testing>> :: Mock Objects, TestContext Framework,
-Spring MVC Test, WebTestClient.
-<<data-access.adoc#spring-data-tier, Data Access>> :: Transactions, DAO Support,
-JDBC, R2DBC, O/R Mapping, XML Marshalling.
-<<web.adoc#spring-web, Web Servlet>> :: Spring MVC, WebSocket, SockJS,
-STOMP Messaging.
-<<web-reactive.adoc#spring-webflux, Web Reactive>> :: Spring WebFlux, WebClient,
-WebSocket, RSocket.
-<<integration.adoc#spring-integration, Integration>> :: REST Clients, JMS, JCA, JMX,
-Email, Tasks, Scheduling, Caching.
-<<languages.adoc#languages, Languages>> :: Kotlin, Groovy, Dynamic Languages.
-<<appendix.adoc#appendix, Appendix>> :: Spring properties.
-https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki[*Wiki*] :: What's New,
-Upgrade Notes, Supported Versions, and other cross-version information.
-
-NOTE: This documentation is available in {docs-spring-framework}/reference/html/index.html[HTML] and {docs-spring-framework}/reference/pdf/spring-framework.pdf[PDF] formats.
-
-Rod Johnson, Juergen Hoeller, Keith Donald, Colin Sampaleanu, Rob Harrop, Thomas Risberg,
-Alef Arendsen, Darren Davison, Dmitriy Kopylenko, Mark Pollack, Thierry Templier, Erwin
-Vervaet, Portia Tung, Ben Hale, Adrian Colyer, John Lewis, Costin Leau, Mark Fisher, Sam
-Brannen, Ramnivas Laddad, Arjen Poutsma, Chris Beams, Tareq Abedrabbo, Andy Clement, Dave
-Syer, Oliver Gierke, Rossen Stoyanchev, Phillip Webb, Rob Winch, Brian Clozel, Stephane
-Nicoll, Sebastien Deleuze, Jay Bryant, Mark Paluch
-
-Copyright © 2002 - 2022 VMware, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
-
-Copies of this document may be made for your own use and for distribution to others,
-provided that you do not charge any fee for such copies and further provided that each
-copy contains this Copyright Notice, whether distributed in print or electronically.
@@ -1,333 +0,0 @@
-[[integration.appendix]]
-= Appendix
-
-
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas]]
-== XML Schemas
-
-This part of the appendix lists XML schemas related to integration technologies.
-
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-jee]]
-=== The `jee` Schema
-
-The `jee` elements deal with issues related to Jakarta EE (Enterprise Edition) configuration,
-such as looking up a JNDI object and defining EJB references.
-
-To use the elements in the `jee` schema, you need to have the following preamble at the top
-of your Spring XML configuration file. The text in the following snippet references the
-correct schema so that the elements in the `jee` namespace are available to you:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
-		xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-		xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
-		xsi:schemaLocation="
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee https://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd">
-
-		<!-- bean definitions here -->
-
-	</beans>
----
-
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-jee-jndi-lookup]]
-==== <jee:jndi-lookup/> (simple)
-
-The following example shows how to use JNDI to look up a data source without the `jee` schema:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
-		<property name="jndiName" value="jdbc/MyDataSource"/>
-	</bean>
-	<bean id="userDao" class="com.foo.JdbcUserDao">
-		<!-- Spring will do the cast automatically (as usual) -->
-		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The following example shows how to use JNDI to look up a data source with the `jee`
-schema:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" jndi-name="jdbc/MyDataSource"/>
-
-	<bean id="userDao" class="com.foo.JdbcUserDao">
-		<!-- Spring will do the cast automatically (as usual) -->
-		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-jee-jndi-lookup-environment-single]]
-==== `<jee:jndi-lookup/>` (with Single JNDI Environment Setting)
-
-The following example shows how to use JNDI to look up an environment variable without
-`jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="simple" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
-		<property name="jndiName" value="jdbc/MyDataSource"/>
-		<property name="jndiEnvironment">
-			<props>
-				<prop key="ping">pong</prop>
-			</props>
-		</property>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The following example shows how to use JNDI to look up an environment variable with `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<jee:jndi-lookup id="simple" jndi-name="jdbc/MyDataSource">
-		<jee:environment>ping=pong</jee:environment>
-	</jee:jndi-lookup>
----
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-jee-jndi-lookup-environment-multiple]]
-==== `<jee:jndi-lookup/>` (with Multiple JNDI Environment Settings)
-
-The following example shows how to use JNDI to look up multiple environment variables
-without `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="simple" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
-		<property name="jndiName" value="jdbc/MyDataSource"/>
-		<property name="jndiEnvironment">
-			<props>
-				<prop key="sing">song</prop>
-				<prop key="ping">pong</prop>
-			</props>
-		</property>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The following example shows how to use JNDI to look up multiple environment variables with
-`jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<jee:jndi-lookup id="simple" jndi-name="jdbc/MyDataSource">
-		<!-- newline-separated, key-value pairs for the environment (standard Properties format) -->
-		<jee:environment>
-			sing=song
-			ping=pong
-		</jee:environment>
-	</jee:jndi-lookup>
----
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-jee-jndi-lookup-complex]]
-==== `<jee:jndi-lookup/>` (Complex)
-
-The following example shows how to use JNDI to look up a data source and a number of
-different properties without `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="simple" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
-		<property name="jndiName" value="jdbc/MyDataSource"/>
-		<property name="cache" value="true"/>
-		<property name="resourceRef" value="true"/>
-		<property name="lookupOnStartup" value="false"/>
-		<property name="expectedType" value="com.myapp.DefaultThing"/>
-		<property name="proxyInterface" value="com.myapp.Thing"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The following example shows how to use JNDI to look up a data source and a number of
-different properties with `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<jee:jndi-lookup id="simple"
-			jndi-name="jdbc/MyDataSource"
-			cache="true"
-			resource-ref="true"
-			lookup-on-startup="false"
-			expected-type="com.myapp.DefaultThing"
-			proxy-interface="com.myapp.Thing"/>
----
-
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-jee-local-slsb]]
-==== `<jee:local-slsb/>` (Simple)
-
-The `<jee:local-slsb/>` element configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean.
-
-The following example shows how to configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
-without `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="simple"
-			class="org.springframework.ejb.access.LocalStatelessSessionProxyFactoryBean">
-		<property name="jndiName" value="ejb/RentalServiceBean"/>
-		<property name="businessInterface" value="com.foo.service.RentalService"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The following example shows how to configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
-with `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<jee:local-slsb id="simpleSlsb" jndi-name="ejb/RentalServiceBean"
-			business-interface="com.foo.service.RentalService"/>
----
-
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-jee-local-slsb-complex]]
-==== `<jee:local-slsb/>` (Complex)
-
-The `<jee:local-slsb/>` element configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean.
-
-The following example shows how to configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
-and a number of properties without `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="complexLocalEjb"
-			class="org.springframework.ejb.access.LocalStatelessSessionProxyFactoryBean">
-		<property name="jndiName" value="ejb/RentalServiceBean"/>
-		<property name="businessInterface" value="com.example.service.RentalService"/>
-		<property name="cacheHome" value="true"/>
-		<property name="lookupHomeOnStartup" value="true"/>
-		<property name="resourceRef" value="true"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The following example shows how to configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
-and a number of properties with `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<jee:local-slsb id="complexLocalEjb"
-			jndi-name="ejb/RentalServiceBean"
-			business-interface="com.foo.service.RentalService"
-			cache-home="true"
-			lookup-home-on-startup="true"
-			resource-ref="true">
----
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-jee-remote-slsb]]
-==== <jee:remote-slsb/>
-
-The `<jee:remote-slsb/>` element configures a reference to a `remote` EJB Stateless Session Bean.
-
-The following example shows how to configures a reference to a remote EJB Stateless Session Bean
-without `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="complexRemoteEjb"
-			class="org.springframework.ejb.access.SimpleRemoteStatelessSessionProxyFactoryBean">
-		<property name="jndiName" value="ejb/MyRemoteBean"/>
-		<property name="businessInterface" value="com.foo.service.RentalService"/>
-		<property name="cacheHome" value="true"/>
-		<property name="lookupHomeOnStartup" value="true"/>
-		<property name="resourceRef" value="true"/>
-		<property name="homeInterface" value="com.foo.service.RentalService"/>
-		<property name="refreshHomeOnConnectFailure" value="true"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The following example shows how to configures a reference to a remote EJB Stateless Session Bean
-with `jee`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<jee:remote-slsb id="complexRemoteEjb"
-			jndi-name="ejb/MyRemoteBean"
-			business-interface="com.foo.service.RentalService"
-			cache-home="true"
-			lookup-home-on-startup="true"
-			resource-ref="true"
-			home-interface="com.foo.service.RentalService"
-			refresh-home-on-connect-failure="true">
----
-
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-jms]]
-=== The `jms` Schema
-
-The `jms` elements deal with configuring JMS-related beans, such as Spring's
-<<integration.adoc#jms-mdp, Message Listener Containers>>. These elements are detailed in the
-section of the <<integration.adoc#jms, JMS chapter>> entitled <<integration.adoc#jms-namespace,
-JMS Namespace Support>>. See that chapter for full details on this support
-and the `jms` elements themselves.
-
-In the interest of completeness, to use the elements in the `jms` schema, you need to have
-the following preamble at the top of your Spring XML configuration file. The text in the
-following snippet references the correct schema so that the elements in the `jms` namespace
-are available to you:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
-		xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-		xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms"
-		xsi:schemaLocation="
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms https://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms.xsd">
-
-		<!-- bean definitions here -->
-
-	</beans>
----
-
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-context-mbe]]
-=== Using `<context:mbean-export/>`
-
-This element is detailed in
-<<integration.adoc#jmx-context-mbeanexport, Configuring Annotation-based MBean Export>>.
-
-
-
-[[integration.appendix.xsd-schemas-cache]]
-=== The `cache` Schema
-
-You can use the `cache` elements to enable support for Spring's `@CacheEvict`, `@CachePut`,
-and `@Caching` annotations. It it also supports declarative XML-based caching. See
-<<integration.adoc#cache-annotation-enable, Enabling Caching Annotations>> and
-<<integration.adoc#cache-declarative-xml, Declarative XML-based Caching>> for details.
-
-To use the elements in the `cache` schema, you need to have the following preamble at the
-top of your Spring XML configuration file. The text in the following snippet references
-the correct schema so that the elements in the `cache` namespace are available to you:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
-		xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-		xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
-		xsi:schemaLocation="
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache https://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd">
-
-		<!-- bean definitions here -->
-
-	</beans>
----
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-[[languages]]
-= Language Support
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-include::page-layout.adoc[]
-
-include::languages/kotlin.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::languages/groovy.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::languages/dynamic-languages.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-
@@ -1,859 +0,0 @@
-[[dynamic-language]]
-= Dynamic Language Support
-
-Spring provides comprehensive support for using classes and objects that have been
-defined by using a dynamic language (such as Groovy) with Spring. This support lets
-you write any number of classes in a supported dynamic language and have the Spring
-container transparently instantiate, configure, and dependency inject the resulting
-objects.
-
-Spring's scripting support primarily targets Groovy and BeanShell. Beyond those
-specifically supported languages, the JSR-223 scripting mechanism is supported
-for integration with any JSR-223 capable language provider (as of Spring 4.2),
-e.g. JRuby.
-
-You can find fully working examples of where this dynamic language support can be
-immediately useful in <<dynamic-language-scenarios>>.
-
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-a-first-example]]
-== A First Example
-
-The bulk of this chapter is concerned with describing the dynamic language support in
-detail. Before diving into all of the ins and outs of the dynamic language support,
-we look at a quick example of a bean defined in a dynamic language. The dynamic
-language for this first bean is Groovy. (The basis of this example was taken from the
-Spring test suite. If you want to see equivalent examples in any of the other
-supported languages, take a look at the source code).
-
-The next example shows the `Messenger` interface, which the Groovy bean is going to
-implement. Note that this interface is defined in plain Java. Dependent objects that
-are injected with a reference to the `Messenger` do not know that the underlying
-implementation is a Groovy script. The following listing shows the `Messenger` interface:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	package org.springframework.scripting;
-
-	public interface Messenger {
-
-		String getMessage();
-	}
----
-
-The following example defines a class that has a dependency on the `Messenger` interface:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	package org.springframework.scripting;
-
-	public class DefaultBookingService implements BookingService {
-
-		private Messenger messenger;
-
-		public void setMessenger(Messenger messenger) {
-			this.messenger = messenger;
-		}
-
-		public void processBooking() {
-			// use the injected Messenger object...
-		}
-	}
----
-
-The following example implements the `Messenger` interface in Groovy:
-
-[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	// from the file 'Messenger.groovy'
-	package org.springframework.scripting.groovy;
-
-	// import the Messenger interface (written in Java) that is to be implemented
-	import org.springframework.scripting.Messenger
-
-	// define the implementation in Groovy
-	class GroovyMessenger implements Messenger {
-
-		String message
-	}
----
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-To use the custom dynamic language tags to define dynamic-language-backed beans, you
-need to have the XML Schema preamble at the top of your Spring XML configuration file.
-You also need to use a Spring `ApplicationContext` implementation as your IoC
-container. Using the dynamic-language-backed beans with a plain `BeanFactory`
-implementation is supported, but you have to manage the plumbing of the Spring internals
-to do so.
-
-For more information on schema-based configuration, see <<xsd-schemas-lang,
-XML Schema-based Configuration>>.
-====
-
-Finally, the following example shows the bean definitions that effect the injection of the
-Groovy-defined `Messenger` implementation into an instance of the
-`DefaultBookingService` class:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-		xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"
-		xsi:schemaLocation="
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang https://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang.xsd">
-
-		<!-- this is the bean definition for the Groovy-backed Messenger implementation -->
-		<lang:groovy id="messenger" script-source="classpath:Messenger.groovy">
-			<lang:property name="message" value="I Can Do The Frug" />
-		</lang:groovy>
-
-		<!-- an otherwise normal bean that will be injected by the Groovy-backed Messenger -->
-		<bean id="bookingService" class="x.y.DefaultBookingService">
-			<property name="messenger" ref="messenger" />
-		</bean>
-
-	</beans>
----
-
-The `bookingService` bean (a `DefaultBookingService`) can now use its private `messenger`
-member variable as normal, because the `Messenger` instance that was injected into it is
-a `Messenger` instance. There is nothing special going on here -- just plain Java and
-plain Groovy.
-
-Hopefully, the preceding XML snippet is self-explanatory, but do not worry unduly if it is not.
-Keep reading for the in-depth detail on the whys and wherefores of the preceding configuration.
-
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-beans]]
-== Defining Beans that Are Backed by Dynamic Languages
-
-This section describes exactly how you define Spring-managed beans in any of the
-supported dynamic languages.
-
-Note that this chapter does not attempt to explain the syntax and idioms of the supported
-dynamic languages. For example, if you want to use Groovy to write certain of the classes
-in your application, we assume that you already know Groovy. If you need further details
-about the dynamic languages themselves, see <<dynamic-language-resources>> at the end of
-this chapter.
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-beans-concepts]]
-=== Common Concepts
-
-The steps involved in using dynamic-language-backed beans are as follows:
-
-. Write the test for the dynamic language source code (naturally).
-. Then write the dynamic language source code itself.
-. Define your dynamic-language-backed beans by using the appropriate `<lang:language/>`
-  element in the XML configuration (you can define such beans programmatically by
-  using the Spring API, although you will have to consult the source code for
-  directions on how to do this, as this chapter does not cover this type of advanced configuration).
-  Note that this is an iterative step. You need at least one bean definition for each dynamic
-  language source file (although multiple bean definitions can reference the same source file).
-
-The first two steps (testing and writing your dynamic language source files) are beyond
-the scope of this chapter. See the language specification and reference manual
-for your chosen dynamic language and crack on with developing your dynamic language
-source files. You first want to read the rest of this chapter, though, as
-Spring's dynamic language support does make some (small) assumptions about the contents
-of your dynamic language source files.
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-beans-concepts-xml-language-element]]
-==== The <lang:language/> element
-
-The final step in the list in the <<dynamic-language-beans-concepts, preceding section>>
-involves defining dynamic-language-backed bean definitions, one for each bean that you
-want to configure (this is no different from normal JavaBean configuration). However,
-instead of specifying the fully qualified class name of the class that is to be
-instantiated and configured by the container, you can use the `<lang:language/>`
-element to define the dynamic language-backed bean.
-
-Each of the supported languages has a corresponding `<lang:language/>` element:
-
-* `<lang:groovy/>` (Groovy)
-* `<lang:bsh/>` (BeanShell)
-* `<lang:std/>` (JSR-223, e.g. with JRuby)
-
-The exact attributes and child elements that are available for configuration depends on
-exactly which language the bean has been defined in (the language-specific sections
-later in this chapter detail this).
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-refreshable-beans]]
-==== Refreshable Beans
-
-One of the (and perhaps the single) most compelling value adds of the dynamic language
-support in Spring is the "`refreshable bean`" feature.
-
-A refreshable bean is a dynamic-language-backed bean. With a small amount of
-configuration, a dynamic-language-backed bean can monitor changes in its underlying
-source file resource and then reload itself when the dynamic language source file is
-changed (for example, when you edit and save changes to the file on the file system).
-
-This lets you deploy any number of dynamic language source files as part of an
-application, configure the Spring container to create beans backed by dynamic
-language source files (using the mechanisms described in this chapter), and (later,
-as requirements change or some other external factor comes into play) edit a dynamic
-language source file and have any change they make be reflected in the bean that is
-backed by the changed dynamic language source file. There is no need to shut down a
-running application (or redeploy in the case of a web application). The
-dynamic-language-backed bean so amended picks up the new state and logic from the
-changed dynamic language source file.
-
-NOTE: This feature is off by default.
-
-Now we can take a look at an example to see how easy it is to start using refreshable
-beans. To turn on the refreshable beans feature, you have to specify exactly one
-additional attribute on the `<lang:language/>` element of your bean definition. So,
-if we stick with <<dynamic-language-a-first-example, the example>> from earlier in
-this chapter, the following example shows what we would change in the Spring XML
-configuration to effect refreshable beans:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<beans>
-
-		<!-- this bean is now 'refreshable' due to the presence of the 'refresh-check-delay' attribute -->
-		<lang:groovy id="messenger"
-				refresh-check-delay="5000" <!-- switches refreshing on with 5 seconds between checks -->
-				script-source="classpath:Messenger.groovy">
-			<lang:property name="message" value="I Can Do The Frug" />
-		</lang:groovy>
-
-		<bean id="bookingService" class="x.y.DefaultBookingService">
-			<property name="messenger" ref="messenger" />
-		</bean>
-
-	</beans>
----
-
-That really is all you have to do. The `refresh-check-delay` attribute defined on the
-`messenger` bean definition is the number of milliseconds after which the bean is
-refreshed with any changes made to the underlying dynamic language source file.
-You can turn off the refresh behavior by assigning a negative value to the
-`refresh-check-delay` attribute. Remember that, by default, the refresh behavior is
-disabled. If you do not want the refresh behavior, do not define the attribute.
-
-If we then run the following application, we can exercise the refreshable feature.
-(Please excuse the "`jumping-through-hoops-to-pause-the-execution`" shenanigans
-in this next slice of code.) The `System.in.read()` call is only there so that the
-execution of the program pauses while you (the developer in this scenario) go off
-and edit the underlying dynamic language source file so that the refresh triggers
-on the dynamic-language-backed bean when the program resumes execution.
-
-The following listing shows this sample application:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
-	import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
-	import org.springframework.scripting.Messenger;
-
-	public final class Boot {
-
-		public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
-			ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
-			Messenger messenger = (Messenger) ctx.getBean("messenger");
-			System.out.println(messenger.getMessage());
-			// pause execution while I go off and make changes to the source file...
-			System.in.read();
-			System.out.println(messenger.getMessage());
-		}
-	}
----
-
-Assume then, for the purposes of this example, that all calls to the `getMessage()`
-method of `Messenger` implementations have to be changed such that the message is
-surrounded by quotation marks. The following listing shows the changes that you
-(the developer) should make to the `Messenger.groovy` source file when the
-execution of the program is paused:
-
-[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	package org.springframework.scripting
-
-	class GroovyMessenger implements Messenger {
-
-		private String message = "Bingo"
-
-		public String getMessage() {
-			// change the implementation to surround the message in quotes
-			return "'" + this.message + "'"
-		}
-
-		public void setMessage(String message) {
-			this.message = message
-		}
-	}
----
-
-When the program runs, the output before the input pause will be `I Can Do The Frug`.
-After the change to the source file is made and saved and the program resumes execution,
-the result of calling the `getMessage()` method on the dynamic-language-backed
-`Messenger` implementation is `'I Can Do The Frug'` (notice the inclusion of the
-additional quotation marks).
-
-Changes to a script do not trigger a refresh if the changes occur within the window of
-the `refresh-check-delay` value. Changes to the script are not actually picked up until
-a method is called on the dynamic-language-backed bean. It is only when a method is
-called on a dynamic-language-backed bean that it checks to see if its underlying script
-source has changed. Any exceptions that relate to refreshing the script (such as
-encountering a compilation error or finding that the script file has been deleted)
-results in a fatal exception being propagated to the calling code.
-
-The refreshable bean behavior described earlier does not apply to dynamic language
-source files defined with the `<lang:inline-script/>` element notation (see
-<<dynamic-language-beans-inline>>). Additionally, it applies only to beans where
-changes to the underlying source file can actually be detected (for example, by code
-that checks the last modified date of a dynamic language source file that exists on the
-file system).
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-beans-inline]]
-==== Inline Dynamic Language Source Files
-
-The dynamic language support can also cater to dynamic language source files that are
-embedded directly in Spring bean definitions. More specifically, the
-`<lang:inline-script/>` element lets you define dynamic language source immediately
-inside a Spring configuration file. An example might clarify how the inline script
-feature works:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<lang:groovy id="messenger">
-		<lang:inline-script>
-
-	package org.springframework.scripting.groovy;
-
-	import org.springframework.scripting.Messenger
-
-	class GroovyMessenger implements Messenger {
-		String message
-	}
-
-		</lang:inline-script>
-		<lang:property name="message" value="I Can Do The Frug" />
-	</lang:groovy>
----
-
-If we put to one side the issues surrounding whether it is good practice to define
-dynamic language source inside a Spring configuration file, the `<lang:inline-script/>`
-element can be useful in some scenarios. For instance, we might want to quickly add a
-Spring `Validator` implementation to a Spring MVC `Controller`. This is but a moment's
-work using inline source. (See <<dynamic-language-scenarios-validators>> for such an
-example.)
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-beans-ctor-injection]]
-==== Understanding Constructor Injection in the Context of Dynamic-language-backed Beans
-
-There is one very important thing to be aware of with regard to Spring's dynamic
-language support. Namely, you can not (currently) supply constructor arguments
-to dynamic-language-backed beans (and, hence, constructor-injection is not available for
-dynamic-language-backed beans). In the interests of making this special handling of
-constructors and properties 100% clear, the following mixture of code and configuration
-does not work:
-
-.An approach that cannot work
-[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	// from the file 'Messenger.groovy'
-	package org.springframework.scripting.groovy;
-
-	import org.springframework.scripting.Messenger
-
-	class GroovyMessenger implements Messenger {
-
-		GroovyMessenger() {}
-
-		// this constructor is not available for Constructor Injection
-		GroovyMessenger(String message) {
-			this.message = message;
-		}
-
-		String message
-
-		String anotherMessage
-	}
----
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<lang:groovy id="badMessenger"
-		script-source="classpath:Messenger.groovy">
-		<!-- this next constructor argument will not be injected into the GroovyMessenger -->
-		<!-- in fact, this isn't even allowed according to the schema -->
-		<constructor-arg value="This will not work" />
-
-		<!-- only property values are injected into the dynamic-language-backed object -->
-		<lang:property name="anotherMessage" value="Passed straight through to the dynamic-language-backed object" />
-
-	</lang>
----
-
-In practice this limitation is not as significant as it first appears, since setter
-injection is the injection style favored by the overwhelming majority of developers
-(we leave the discussion as to whether that is a good thing to another day).
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-beans-groovy]]
-=== Groovy Beans
-
-This section describes how to use beans defined in Groovy in Spring.
-
-The Groovy homepage includes the following description:
-
-"`Groovy is an agile dynamic language for the Java 2 Platform that has many of the
-features that people like so much in languages like Python, Ruby and Smalltalk, making
-them available to Java developers using a Java-like syntax.`"
-
-If you have read this chapter straight from the top, you have already
-<<dynamic-language-a-first-example, seen an example>> of a Groovy-dynamic-language-backed
-bean. Now consider another example (again using an example from the Spring test suite):
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	package org.springframework.scripting;
-
-	public interface Calculator {
-
-		int add(int x, int y);
-	}
----
-
-The following example implements the `Calculator` interface in Groovy:
-
-[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	// from the file 'calculator.groovy'
-	package org.springframework.scripting.groovy
-
-	class GroovyCalculator implements Calculator {
-
-		int add(int x, int y) {
-			x + y
-		}
-	}
----
-
-The following bean definition uses the calculator defined in Groovy:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<!-- from the file 'beans.xml' -->
-	<beans>
-		<lang:groovy id="calculator" script-source="classpath:calculator.groovy"/>
-	</beans>
----
-
-Finally, the following small application exercises the preceding configuration:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	package org.springframework.scripting;
-
-	import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
-	import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
-
-	public class Main {
-
-		public static void main(String[] args) {
-			ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
-			Calculator calc = ctx.getBean("calculator", Calculator.class);
-			System.out.println(calc.add(2, 8));
-		}
-	}
----
-
-The resulting output from running the above program is (unsurprisingly) `10`.
-(For more interesting examples, see the dynamic language showcase project for a more
-complex example or see the examples <<dynamic-language-scenarios>> later in this chapter).
-
-You must not define more than one class per Groovy source file. While this is perfectly
-legal in Groovy, it is (arguably) a bad practice. In the interests of a consistent
-approach, you should (in the opinion of the Spring team) respect the standard Java
-conventions of one (public) class per source file.
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-beans-groovy-customizer]]
-==== Customizing Groovy Objects by Using a Callback
-
-The `GroovyObjectCustomizer` interface is a callback that lets you hook additional
-creation logic into the process of creating a Groovy-backed bean. For example,
-implementations of this interface could invoke any required initialization methods,
-set some default property values, or specify a custom `MetaClass`. The following listing
-shows the `GroovyObjectCustomizer` interface definition:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface GroovyObjectCustomizer {
-
-		void customize(GroovyObject goo);
-	}
----
-
-The Spring Framework instantiates an instance of your Groovy-backed bean and then
-passes the created `GroovyObject` to the specified `GroovyObjectCustomizer` (if one
-has been defined). You can do whatever you like with the supplied `GroovyObject`
-reference. We expect that most people want to set a custom `MetaClass` with this
-callback, and the following example shows how to do so:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public final class SimpleMethodTracingCustomizer implements GroovyObjectCustomizer {
-
-		public void customize(GroovyObject goo) {
-			DelegatingMetaClass metaClass = new DelegatingMetaClass(goo.getMetaClass()) {
-
-				public Object invokeMethod(Object object, String methodName, Object[] arguments) {
-					System.out.println("Invoking '" + methodName + "'.");
-					return super.invokeMethod(object, methodName, arguments);
-				}
-			};
-			metaClass.initialize();
-			goo.setMetaClass(metaClass);
-		}
-
-	}
----
-
-A full discussion of meta-programming in Groovy is beyond the scope of the Spring
-reference manual. See the relevant section of the Groovy reference manual or do a
-search online. Plenty of articles address this topic. Actually, making use of a
-`GroovyObjectCustomizer` is easy if you use the Spring namespace support, as the
-following example shows:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<!-- define the GroovyObjectCustomizer just like any other bean -->
-	<bean id="tracingCustomizer" class="example.SimpleMethodTracingCustomizer"/>
-
-		<!-- ... and plug it into the desired Groovy bean via the 'customizer-ref' attribute -->
-		<lang:groovy id="calculator"
-			script-source="classpath:org/springframework/scripting/groovy/Calculator.groovy"
-			customizer-ref="tracingCustomizer"/>
----
-
-If you do not use the Spring namespace support, you can still use the
-`GroovyObjectCustomizer` functionality, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="calculator" class="org.springframework.scripting.groovy.GroovyScriptFactory">
-		<constructor-arg value="classpath:org/springframework/scripting/groovy/Calculator.groovy"/>
-		<!-- define the GroovyObjectCustomizer (as an inner bean) -->
-		<constructor-arg>
-			<bean id="tracingCustomizer" class="example.SimpleMethodTracingCustomizer"/>
-		</constructor-arg>
-	</bean>
-
-	<bean class="org.springframework.scripting.support.ScriptFactoryPostProcessor"/>
----
-
-NOTE: You may also specify a Groovy `CompilationCustomizer` (such as an `ImportCustomizer`)
-or even a full Groovy `CompilerConfiguration` object in the same place as Spring's
-`GroovyObjectCustomizer`. Furthermore, you may set a common `GroovyClassLoader` with custom
-configuration for your beans at the `ConfigurableApplicationContext.setClassLoader` level;
-this also leads to shared `GroovyClassLoader` usage and is therefore recommendable in case of
-a large number of scripted beans (avoiding an isolated `GroovyClassLoader` instance per bean).
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-beans-bsh]]
-=== BeanShell Beans
-
-This section describes how to use BeanShell beans in Spring.
-
-The https://beanshell.github.io/intro.html[BeanShell homepage] includes the following
-description:
-
----
-BeanShell is a small, free, embeddable Java source interpreter with dynamic language
-features, written in Java. BeanShell dynamically runs standard Java syntax and
-extends it with common scripting conveniences such as loose types, commands, and method
-closures like those in Perl and JavaScript.
----
-
-In contrast to Groovy, BeanShell-backed bean definitions require some (small) additional
-configuration. The implementation of the BeanShell dynamic language support in Spring is
-interesting, because Spring creates a JDK dynamic proxy that implements all of the
-interfaces that are specified in the `script-interfaces` attribute value of the
-`<lang:bsh>` element (this is why you must supply at least one interface in the value
-of the attribute, and, consequently, program to interfaces when you use BeanShell-backed
-beans). This means that every method call on a BeanShell-backed object goes through the
-JDK dynamic proxy invocation mechanism.
-
-Now we can show a fully working example of using a BeanShell-based bean that implements
-the `Messenger` interface that was defined earlier in this chapter. We again show the
-definition of the `Messenger` interface:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	package org.springframework.scripting;
-
-	public interface Messenger {
-
-		String getMessage();
-	}
----
-
-The following example shows the BeanShell "`implementation`" (we use the term loosely here)
-of the `Messenger` interface:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	String message;
-
-	String getMessage() {
-		return message;
-	}
-
-	void setMessage(String aMessage) {
-		message = aMessage;
-	}
----
-
-The following example shows the Spring XML that defines an "`instance`" of the above
-"`class`" (again, we use these terms very loosely here):
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<lang:bsh id="messageService" script-source="classpath:BshMessenger.bsh"
-		script-interfaces="org.springframework.scripting.Messenger">
-
-		<lang:property name="message" value="Hello World!" />
-	</lang:bsh>
----
-
-See <<dynamic-language-scenarios>> for some scenarios where you might want to use
-BeanShell-based beans.
-
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-scenarios]]
-== Scenarios
-
-The possible scenarios where defining Spring managed beans in a scripting language would
-be beneficial are many and varied. This section describes two possible use cases for the
-dynamic language support in Spring.
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-scenarios-controllers]]
-=== Scripted Spring MVC Controllers
-
-One group of classes that can benefit from using dynamic-language-backed beans is that
-of Spring MVC controllers. In pure Spring MVC applications, the navigational flow
-through a web application is, to a large extent, determined by code encapsulated within
-your Spring MVC controllers. As the navigational flow and other presentation layer logic
-of a web application needs to be updated to respond to support issues or changing
-business requirements, it may well be easier to effect any such required changes by
-editing one or more dynamic language source files and seeing those changes being
-immediately reflected in the state of a running application.
-
-Remember that, in the lightweight architectural model espoused by projects such as
-Spring, you typically aim to have a really thin presentation layer, with all
-the meaty business logic of an application being contained in the domain and service
-layer classes. Developing Spring MVC controllers as dynamic-language-backed beans lets
-you change presentation layer logic by editing and saving text files. Any
-changes to such dynamic language source files is (depending on the configuration)
-automatically reflected in the beans that are backed by dynamic language source files.
-
-NOTE: To effect this automatic "`pickup`" of any changes to dynamic-language-backed
-beans, you have to enable the "`refreshable beans`" functionality. See
-<<dynamic-language-refreshable-beans>> for a full treatment of this feature.
-
-The following example shows an `org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller` implemented
-by using the Groovy dynamic language:
-
-[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	// from the file '/WEB-INF/groovy/FortuneController.groovy'
-	package org.springframework.showcase.fortune.web
-
-	import org.springframework.showcase.fortune.service.FortuneService
-	import org.springframework.showcase.fortune.domain.Fortune
-	import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView
-	import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller
-
-	import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest
-	import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse
-
-	class FortuneController implements Controller {
-
-		@Property FortuneService fortuneService
-
-		ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
-				HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {
-			return new ModelAndView("tell", "fortune", this.fortuneService.tellFortune())
-		}
-	}
----
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<lang:groovy id="fortune"
-			refresh-check-delay="3000"
-			script-source="/WEB-INF/groovy/FortuneController.groovy">
-		<lang:property name="fortuneService" ref="fortuneService"/>
-	</lang:groovy>
----
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-scenarios-validators]]
-=== Scripted Validators
-
-Another area of application development with Spring that may benefit from the
-flexibility afforded by dynamic-language-backed beans is that of validation. It can
-be easier to express complex validation logic by using a loosely typed dynamic language
-(that may also have support for inline regular expressions) as opposed to regular Java.
-
-Again, developing validators as dynamic-language-backed beans lets you change
-validation logic by editing and saving a simple text file. Any such changes is
-(depending on the configuration) automatically reflected in the execution of a
-running application and would not require the restart of an application.
-
-NOTE: To effect the automatic "`pickup`" of any changes to dynamic-language-backed
-beans, you have to enable the 'refreshable beans' feature. See
-<<dynamic-language-refreshable-beans>> for a full and detailed treatment of this feature.
-
-The following example shows a Spring `org.springframework.validation.Validator`
-implemented by using the Groovy dynamic language (see <<core.adoc#validator,
-Validation using Spring’s Validator interface>> for a discussion of the
-`Validator` interface):
-
-[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	import org.springframework.validation.Validator
-	import org.springframework.validation.Errors
-	import org.springframework.beans.TestBean
-
-	class TestBeanValidator implements Validator {
-
-		boolean supports(Class clazz) {
-			return TestBean.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)
-		}
-
-		void validate(Object bean, Errors errors) {
-			if(bean.name?.trim()?.size() > 0) {
-				return
-			}
-			errors.reject("whitespace", "Cannot be composed wholly of whitespace.")
-		}
-	}
----
-
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-final-notes]]
-== Additional Details
-
-This last section contains some additional details related to the dynamic language support.
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-final-notes-aop]]
-=== AOP -- Advising Scripted Beans
-
-You can use the Spring AOP framework to advise scripted beans. The Spring AOP
-framework actually is unaware that a bean that is being advised might be a scripted
-bean, so all of the AOP use cases and functionality that you use (or aim to use)
-work with scripted beans. When you advise scripted beans, you cannot use class-based
-proxies. You must use <<core.adoc#aop-proxying, interface-based proxies>>.
-
-You are not limited to advising scripted beans. You can also write aspects themselves
-in a supported dynamic language and use such beans to advise other Spring beans.
-This really would be an advanced use of the dynamic language support though.
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-final-notes-scopes]]
-=== Scoping
-
-In case it is not immediately obvious, scripted beans can be scoped in the same way as
-any other bean. The `scope` attribute on the various `<lang:language/>` elements lets
-you control the scope of the underlying scripted bean, as it does with a regular
-bean. (The default scope is <<core.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-singleton, singleton>>,
-as it is with "`regular`" beans.)
-
-The following example uses the `scope` attribute to define a Groovy bean scoped as
-a <<core.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-prototype, prototype>>:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-		xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"
-		xsi:schemaLocation="
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang https://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang.xsd">
-
-		<lang:groovy id="messenger" script-source="classpath:Messenger.groovy" scope="prototype">
-			<lang:property name="message" value="I Can Do The RoboCop" />
-		</lang:groovy>
-
-		<bean id="bookingService" class="x.y.DefaultBookingService">
-			<property name="messenger" ref="messenger" />
-		</bean>
-
-	</beans>
----
-
-See <<core.adoc#beans-factory-scopes, Bean Scopes>> in <<core.adoc#beans, The IoC Container>>
-for a full discussion of the scoping support in the Spring Framework.
-
-
-
-[[xsd-schemas-lang]]
-=== The `lang` XML schema
-
-The `lang` elements in Spring XML configuration deal with exposing objects that have been
-written in a dynamic language (such as Groovy or BeanShell) as beans in the Spring container.
-
-These elements (and the dynamic language support) are comprehensively covered in
-<<dynamic-language, Dynamic Language Support>>. See that section
-for full details on this support and the `lang` elements.
-
-To use the elements in the `lang` schema, you need to have the following preamble at the
-top of your Spring XML configuration file. The text in the following snippet references
-the correct schema so that the tags in the `lang` namespace are available to you:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
-		xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-		xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"
-		xsi:schemaLocation="
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
-			http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang https://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang.xsd">
-
-		<!-- bean definitions here -->
-
-	</beans>
----
-
-
-
-
-[[dynamic-language-resources]]
-== Further Resources
-
-The following links go to further resources about the various dynamic languages referenced
-in this chapter:
-
-* The https://www.groovy-lang.org/[Groovy] homepage
-* The https://beanshell.github.io/intro.html[BeanShell] homepage
-* The https://www.jruby.org[JRuby] homepage
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-[[groovy]]
-= Apache Groovy
-
-Groovy is a powerful, optionally typed, and dynamic language, with static-typing and static
-compilation capabilities. It offers a concise syntax and integrates smoothly with any
-existing Java application.
-
-The Spring Framework provides a dedicated `ApplicationContext` that supports a Groovy-based
-Bean Definition DSL. For more details, see
-<<core.adoc#groovy-bean-definition-dsl, The Groovy Bean Definition DSL>>.
-
-Further support for Groovy, including beans written in Groovy, refreshable script beans,
-and more is available in <<dynamic-language>>.
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-[[overview]]
-= Spring Framework Overview
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-:toc: left
-:toclevels: 1
-:docinfo1:
-
-Spring makes it easy to create Java enterprise applications. It provides everything you
-need to embrace the Java language in an enterprise environment, with support for Groovy
-and Kotlin as alternative languages on the JVM, and with the flexibility to create many
-kinds of architectures depending on an application's needs. As of Spring Framework 6.0,
-Spring requires Java 17+.
-
-Spring supports a wide range of application scenarios. In a large enterprise, applications
-often exist for a long time and have to run on a JDK and application server whose upgrade
-cycle is beyond developer control. Others may run as a single jar with the server embedded,
-possibly in a cloud environment. Yet others may be standalone applications (such as batch
-or integration workloads) that do not need a server.
-
-Spring is open source. It has a large and active community that provides continuous feedback
-based on a diverse range of real-world use cases. This has helped Spring to successfully
-evolve over a very long time.
-
-
-
-
-[[overview-spring]]
-== What We Mean by "Spring"
-
-The term "Spring" means different things in different contexts. It can be used to refer to
-the Spring Framework project itself, which is where it all started. Over time, other Spring
-projects have been built on top of the Spring Framework. Most often, when people say
-"Spring", they mean the entire family of projects. This reference documentation focuses on
-the foundation: the Spring Framework itself.
-
-The Spring Framework is divided into modules. Applications can choose which modules they need.
-At the heart are the modules of the core container, including a configuration model and a
-dependency injection mechanism. Beyond that, the Spring Framework provides foundational
-support for different application architectures, including messaging, transactional data and
-persistence, and web. It also includes the Servlet-based Spring MVC web framework and, in
-parallel, the Spring WebFlux reactive web framework.
-
-A note about modules: Spring's framework jars allow for deployment to JDK 9's module path
-("Jigsaw"). For use in Jigsaw-enabled applications, the Spring Framework 5 jars come with
-"Automatic-Module-Name" manifest entries which define stable language-level module names
-("spring.core", "spring.context", etc.) independent from jar artifact names (the jars follow
-the same naming pattern with "-" instead of ".", e.g. "spring-core" and "spring-context").
-Of course, Spring's framework jars keep working fine on the classpath on both JDK 8 and 9+.
-
-
-
-
-[[overview-history]]
-== History of Spring and the Spring Framework
-
-Spring came into being in 2003 as a response to the complexity of the early
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Platform,_Enterprise_Edition[J2EE] specifications.
-While some consider Java EE and its modern-day successor Jakarta EE to be in
-competition with Spring, they are in fact complementary. The Spring programming
-model does not embrace the Jakarta EE platform specification; rather, it integrates
-with carefully selected individual specifications from the traditional EE umbrella:
-
-* Servlet API (https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=340[JSR 340])
-* WebSocket API (https://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=356[JSR 356])
-* Concurrency Utilities (https://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=236[JSR 236])
-* JSON Binding API (https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=367[JSR 367])
-* Bean Validation (https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=303[JSR 303])
-* JPA (https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=338[JSR 338])
-* JMS (https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=914[JSR 914])
-* as well as JTA/JCA setups for transaction coordination, if necessary.
-
-The Spring Framework also supports the Dependency Injection
-(https://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=330[JSR 330]) and Common Annotations
-(https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=250[JSR 250]) specifications, which application
-developers may choose to use instead of the Spring-specific mechanisms provided
-by the Spring Framework. Originally, those were based on common `javax` packages.
-
-As of Spring Framework 6.0, Spring has been upgraded to the Jakarta EE 9 level
-(e.g. Servlet 5.0+, JPA 3.0+), based on the `jakarta` namespace instead of the
-traditional `javax` packages. With EE 9 as the minimum and EE 10 supported already,
-Spring is prepared to provide out-of-the-box support for the further evolution of
-the Jakarta EE APIs. Spring Framework 6.0 is fully compatible with Tomcat 10.1,
-Jetty 11 and Undertow 2.3 as web servers, and also with Hibernate ORM 6.1.
-
-Over time, the role of Java/Jakarta EE in application development has evolved. In the
-early days of J2EE and Spring, applications were created to be deployed to an application
-server. Today, with the help of Spring Boot, applications are created in a devops- and
-cloud-friendly way, with the Servlet container embedded and trivial to change. As of
-Spring Framework 5, a WebFlux application does not even use the Servlet API directly
-and can run on servers (such as Netty) that are not Servlet containers.
-
-Spring continues to innovate and to evolve. Beyond the Spring Framework, there are other
-projects, such as Spring Boot, Spring Security, Spring Data, Spring Cloud, Spring Batch,
-among others. It’s important to remember that each project has its own source code repository,
-issue tracker, and release cadence. See https://spring.io/projects[spring.io/projects] for
-the complete list of Spring projects.
-
-
-
-
-[[overview-philosophy]]
-== Design Philosophy
-
-When you learn about a framework, it’s important to know not only what it does but what
-principles it follows. Here are the guiding principles of the Spring Framework:
-
-* Provide choice at every level. Spring lets you defer design decisions as late as possible.
-For example, you can switch persistence providers through configuration without changing
-your code. The same is true for many other infrastructure concerns and integration with
-third-party APIs.
-* Accommodate diverse perspectives. Spring embraces flexibility and is not opinionated
-about how things should be done. It supports a wide range of application needs with
-different perspectives.
-* Maintain strong backward compatibility. Spring’s evolution has been carefully managed
-to force few breaking changes between versions. Spring supports a carefully chosen range
-of JDK versions and third-party libraries to facilitate maintenance of applications and
-libraries that depend on Spring.
-* Care about API design. The Spring team puts a lot of thought and time into making APIs
-that are intuitive and that hold up across many versions and many years.
-* Set high standards for code quality. The Spring Framework puts a strong emphasis on
-meaningful, current, and accurate javadoc. It is one of very few projects that can claim
-clean code structure with  no circular dependencies between packages.
-
-
-
-
-[[overview-feedback]]
-== Feedback and Contributions
-
-For how-to questions or diagnosing or debugging issues, we suggest using Stack Overflow. Click
-https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/spring+or+spring-mvc+or+spring-aop+or+spring-jdbc+or+spring-r2dbc+or+spring-transactions+or+spring-annotations+or+spring-jms+or+spring-el+or+spring-test+or+spring+or+spring-orm+or+spring-jmx+or+spring-cache+or+spring-webflux+or+spring-rsocket?tab=Newest[here]
-for a list of the suggested tags to use on Stack Overflow. If you're fairly certain that
-there is a problem in the Spring Framework or would like to suggest a feature, please use
-the https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues[GitHub Issues].
-
-If you have a solution in mind or a suggested fix, you can submit a pull request on
-https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework[Github]. However, please keep in mind
-that, for all but the most trivial issues, we expect a ticket to be filed in the issue
-tracker, where discussions take place and leave a record for future reference.
-
-For more details see the guidelines at the {spring-framework-main-code}/CONTRIBUTING.md[CONTRIBUTING],
-top-level project page.
-
-
-
-
-[[overview-getting-started]]
-== Getting Started
-
-If you are just getting started with Spring, you may want to begin using the Spring
-Framework by creating a https://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/[Spring Boot]-based
-application. Spring Boot provides a quick (and opinionated) way to create a
-production-ready Spring-based application. It is based on the Spring Framework, favors
-convention over configuration, and is designed to get you up and running as quickly
-as possible.
-
-You can use https://start.spring.io/[start.spring.io] to generate a basic project or follow
-one of the https://spring.io/guides["Getting Started" guides], such as
-https://spring.io/guides/gs/rest-service/[Getting Started Building a RESTful Web Service].
-As well as being easier to digest, these guides are very task focused, and most of them
-are based on Spring Boot. They also cover other projects from the Spring portfolio that
-you might want to consider when solving a particular problem.
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-:toc: left
-:toclevels: 4
-:tabsize: 4
-:docinfo1:
@@ -1,981 +0,0 @@
-[[rsocket]]
-= RSocket
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-include::page-layout.adoc[]
-
-This section describes Spring Framework's support for the RSocket protocol.
-
-
-[[rsocket-overview]]
-== Overview
-
-RSocket is an application protocol for multiplexed, duplex communication over TCP,
-WebSocket, and other byte stream transports, using one of the following interaction
-models:
-
-* `Request-Response` -- send one message and receive one back.
-* `Request-Stream` -- send one message and receive a stream of messages back.
-* `Channel` -- send streams of messages in both directions.
-* `Fire-and-Forget` -- send a one-way message.
-
-Once the initial connection is made, the "client" vs "server" distinction is lost as
-both sides become symmetrical and each side can initiate one of the above interactions.
-This is why in the protocol calls the participating sides "requester" and "responder"
-while the above interactions are called "request streams" or simply "requests".
-
-These are the key features and benefits of the RSocket protocol:
-
-* https://www.reactive-streams.org/[Reactive Streams] semantics across network boundary --
-for streaming requests such as `Request-Stream` and `Channel`, back pressure signals
-travel between requester and responder, allowing a requester to slow down a responder at
-the source, hence reducing reliance on network layer congestion control, and the need
-for buffering at the network level or at any level.
-* Request throttling -- this feature is named "Leasing" after the `LEASE` frame that
-can be sent from each end to limit the total number of requests allowed by other end
-for a given time. Leases are renewed periodically.
-* Session resumption -- this is designed for loss of connectivity and requires some state
-to be maintained. The state management is transparent for applications, and works well
-in combination with back pressure which can stop a producer when possible and reduce
-the amount of state required.
-* Fragmentation and re-assembly of large messages.
-* Keepalive (heartbeats).
-
-RSocket has {gh-rsocket}[implementations] in multiple languages. The
-{gh-rsocket-java}[Java library] is built on https://projectreactor.io/[Project Reactor],
-and https://github.com/reactor/reactor-netty[Reactor Netty] for the transport. That means
-signals from Reactive Streams Publishers in your application propagate transparently
-through RSocket across the network.
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-protocol]]
-=== The Protocol
-
-One of the benefits of RSocket is that it has well defined behavior on the wire and an
-easy to read https://rsocket.io/about/protocol[specification] along with some protocol
-{gh-rsocket}/rsocket/tree/master/Extensions[extensions]. Therefore it is
-a good idea to read the spec, independent of language implementations and higher level
-framework APIs. This section provides a succinct overview to establish some context.
-
-**Connecting**
-
-Initially a client connects to a server via some low level streaming transport such
-as TCP or WebSocket and sends a `SETUP` frame to the server to set parameters for the
-connection.
-
-The server may reject the `SETUP` frame, but generally after it is sent (for the client)
-and received (for the server), both sides can begin to make requests, unless `SETUP`
-indicates use of leasing semantics to limit the number of requests, in which case
-both sides must wait for a `LEASE` frame from the other end to permit making requests.
-
-**Making Requests**
-
-Once a connection is established, both sides may initiate a request through one of the
-frames `REQUEST_RESPONSE`, `REQUEST_STREAM`, `REQUEST_CHANNEL`, or `REQUEST_FNF`. Each of
-those frames carries one message from the requester to the responder.
-
-The responder may then return `PAYLOAD` frames with response messages, and in the case
-of `REQUEST_CHANNEL` the requester may also send `PAYLOAD` frames with more request
-messages.
-
-When a request involves a stream of messages such as `Request-Stream` and `Channel`,
-the responder must respect demand signals from the requester. Demand is expressed as a
-number of messages. Initial demand is specified in `REQUEST_STREAM` and
-`REQUEST_CHANNEL` frames. Subsequent demand is signaled via `REQUEST_N` frames.
-
-Each side may also send metadata notifications, via the `METADATA_PUSH` frame, that do not
-pertain to any individual request but rather to the connection as a whole.
-
-**Message Format**
-
-RSocket messages contain data and metadata. Metadata can be used to send a route, a
-security token, etc. Data and metadata can be formatted differently. Mime types for each
-are declared in the `SETUP` frame and apply to all requests on a given connection.
-
-While all messages can have metadata, typically metadata such as a route are per-request
-and therefore only included in the first message on a request, i.e. with one of the frames
-`REQUEST_RESPONSE`, `REQUEST_STREAM`, `REQUEST_CHANNEL`, or `REQUEST_FNF`.
-
-Protocol extensions define common metadata formats for use in applications:
-
-* {gh-rsocket-extensions}/CompositeMetadata.md[Composite Metadata]-- multiple,
-  independently formatted metadata entries.
-* {gh-rsocket-extensions}/Routing.md[Routing] -- the route for a request.
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-java]]
-=== Java Implementation
-
-The {gh-rsocket-java}[Java implementation] for RSocket is built on
-https://projectreactor.io/[Project Reactor]. The transports for  TCP and WebSocket are
-built on https://github.com/reactor/reactor-netty[Reactor Netty]. As a Reactive Streams
-library, Reactor simplifies the job of implementing the protocol. For applications it is
-a natural fit to use `Flux` and `Mono` with declarative operators and transparent back
-pressure support.
-
-The API in RSocket Java is intentionally minimal and basic. It focuses on protocol
-features and leaves the application programming model (e.g. RPC codegen vs other) as a
-higher level, independent concern.
-
-The main contract
-{gh-rsocket-java}/blob/master/rsocket-core/src/main/java/io/rsocket/RSocket.java[io.rsocket.RSocket]
-models the four request interaction types with `Mono` representing a promise for a
-single message, `Flux` a stream of messages, and `io.rsocket.Payload` the actual
-message with access to data and metadata as byte buffers. The `RSocket` contract is used
-symmetrically. For requesting, the application is given an `RSocket` to perform
-requests with. For responding, the application implements `RSocket` to handle requests.
-
-This is not meant to be a thorough introduction. For the most part, Spring applications
-will not have to use its API directly. However it may be important to see or experiment
-with RSocket independent of Spring. The RSocket Java repository contains a number of
-{gh-rsocket-java}/tree/master/rsocket-examples[sample apps] that
-demonstrate its API and protocol features.
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-spring]]
-=== Spring Support
-
-The `spring-messaging` module contains the following:
-
-* <<rsocket-requester>> -- fluent API to make requests through an `io.rsocket.RSocket`
-  with data and metadata encoding/decoding.
-* <<rsocket-annot-responders>> -- `@MessageMapping` annotated handler methods for
-  responding.
-
-The `spring-web` module contains `Encoder` and `Decoder` implementations such as Jackson
-CBOR/JSON, and Protobuf that RSocket applications will likely need. It also contains the
-`PathPatternParser` that can be plugged in for efficient route matching.
-
-Spring Boot 2.2 supports standing up an RSocket server over TCP or WebSocket, including
-the option to expose RSocket over WebSocket in a WebFlux server. There is also client
-support and auto-configuration for an `RSocketRequester.Builder` and `RSocketStrategies`.
-See the
-https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-rsocket[RSocket section]
-in the Spring Boot reference for more details.
-
-Spring Security 5.2 provides RSocket support.
-
-Spring Integration 5.2 provides inbound and outbound gateways to interact with RSocket
-clients and servers. See the Spring Integration Reference Manual for more details.
-
-Spring Cloud Gateway supports RSocket connections.
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-requester]]
-== RSocketRequester
-
-`RSocketRequester` provides a fluent API to perform RSocket requests, accepting and
-returning objects for data and metadata instead of low level data buffers. It can be used
-symmetrically, to make requests from clients and to make requests from servers.
-
-
-[[rsocket-requester-client]]
-=== Client Requester
-
-To obtain an `RSocketRequester` on the client side is to connect to a server which involves
-sending an RSocket `SETUP` frame with connection settings. `RSocketRequester` provides a
-builder that helps to prepare an `io.rsocket.core.RSocketConnector` including connection
-settings for the `SETUP` frame.
-
-This is the most basic way to connect with default settings:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	RSocketRequester requester = RSocketRequester.builder().tcp("localhost", 7000);
-
-	URI url = URI.create("https://example.org:8080/rsocket");
-	RSocketRequester requester = RSocketRequester.builder().webSocket(url);
----
-
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val requester = RSocketRequester.builder().tcp("localhost", 7000)
-
-	URI url = URI.create("https://example.org:8080/rsocket");
-	val requester = RSocketRequester.builder().webSocket(url)
----
-
-The above does not connect immediately. When requests are made, a shared connection is
-established transparently and used.
-
-
-[[rsocket-requester-client-setup]]
-==== Connection Setup
-
-`RSocketRequester.Builder` provides the following to customize the initial `SETUP` frame:
-
-* `dataMimeType(MimeType)` -- set the mime type for data on the connection.
-* `metadataMimeType(MimeType)` -- set the mime type for metadata on the connection.
-* `setupData(Object)` -- data to include in the `SETUP`.
-* `setupRoute(String, Object...)` -- route in the metadata to include in the `SETUP`.
-* `setupMetadata(Object, MimeType)` -- other metadata to include in the `SETUP`.
-
-For data, the default mime type is derived from the first configured `Decoder`. For
-metadata, the default mime type is
-{gh-rsocket-extensions}/CompositeMetadata.md[composite metadata] which allows multiple
-metadata value and mime type pairs per request. Typically both don't need to be changed.
-
-Data and metadata in the `SETUP` frame is optional. On the server side,
-<<rsocket-annot-connectmapping>> methods can be used to handle the start of a
-connection and the content of the `SETUP` frame. Metadata may be used for connection
-level security.
-
-
-[[rsocket-requester-client-strategies]]
-==== Strategies
-
-`RSocketRequester.Builder` accepts `RSocketStrategies` to configure the requester.
-You'll need to use this to provide encoders and decoders for (de)-serialization of data and
-metadata values. By default only the basic codecs from `spring-core` for `String`,
-`byte[]`, and `ByteBuffer` are registered. Adding `spring-web` provides access to more that
-can be registered as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	RSocketStrategies strategies = RSocketStrategies.builder()
-		.encoders(encoders -> encoders.add(new Jackson2CborEncoder()))
-		.decoders(decoders -> decoders.add(new Jackson2CborDecoder()))
-		.build();
-
-	RSocketRequester requester = RSocketRequester.builder()
-		.rsocketStrategies(strategies)
-		.tcp("localhost", 7000);
----
-
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val strategies = RSocketStrategies.builder()
-			.encoders { it.add(Jackson2CborEncoder()) }
-			.decoders { it.add(Jackson2CborDecoder()) }
-			.build()
-
-	val requester = RSocketRequester.builder()
-			.rsocketStrategies(strategies)
-			.tcp("localhost", 7000)
----
-
-`RSocketStrategies` is designed for re-use. In some scenarios, e.g. client and server in
-the same application, it may be preferable to declare it in Spring configuration.
-
-
-[[rsocket-requester-client-responder]]
-==== Client Responders
-
-`RSocketRequester.Builder` can be used to configure responders to requests from the
-server.
-
-You can use annotated handlers for client-side responding based on the same
-infrastructure that's used on a server, but registered programmatically as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	RSocketStrategies strategies = RSocketStrategies.builder()
-		.routeMatcher(new PathPatternRouteMatcher())  // <1>
-		.build();
-
-	SocketAcceptor responder =
-		RSocketMessageHandler.responder(strategies, new ClientHandler()); // <2>
-
-	RSocketRequester requester = RSocketRequester.builder()
-		.rsocketConnector(connector -> connector.acceptor(responder)) // <3>
-		.tcp("localhost", 7000);
----
-<1> Use `PathPatternRouteMatcher`, if `spring-web` is present, for efficient
-    route matching.
-<2> Create a responder from a class with `@MessageMapping` and/or `@ConnectMapping` methods.
-<3> Register the responder.
-
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val strategies = RSocketStrategies.builder()
-			.routeMatcher(PathPatternRouteMatcher())  // <1>
-			.build()
-
-	val responder =
-		RSocketMessageHandler.responder(strategies, new ClientHandler()); // <2>
-
-	val requester = RSocketRequester.builder()
-			.rsocketConnector { it.acceptor(responder) } // <3>
-			.tcp("localhost", 7000)
----
-<1> Use `PathPatternRouteMatcher`, if `spring-web` is present, for efficient
-route matching.
-<2> Create a responder from a class with `@MessageMapping` and/or `@ConnectMapping` methods.
-<3> Register the responder.
-
-Note the above is only a shortcut designed for programmatic registration of client
-responders. For alternative scenarios, where client responders are in Spring configuration,
-you can still declare `RSocketMessageHandler` as a Spring bean and then apply as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ApplicationContext context = ... ;
-	RSocketMessageHandler handler = context.getBean(RSocketMessageHandler.class);
-
-	RSocketRequester requester = RSocketRequester.builder()
-		.rsocketConnector(connector -> connector.acceptor(handler.responder()))
-		.tcp("localhost", 7000);
----
-
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
-
-	val context: ApplicationContext = ...
-	val handler = context.getBean<RSocketMessageHandler>()
-
-	val requester = RSocketRequester.builder()
-			.rsocketConnector { it.acceptor(handler.responder()) }
-			.tcp("localhost", 7000)
----
-
-For the above you may also need to use `setHandlerPredicate` in `RSocketMessageHandler` to
-switch to a different strategy for detecting client responders, e.g. based on a custom
-annotation such as `@RSocketClientResponder` vs the default `@Controller`. This
-is necessary in scenarios with client and server, or multiple clients in the same
-application.
-
-See also <<rsocket-annot-responders>>, for more on the programming model.
-
-
-[[rsocket-requester-client-advanced]]
-==== Advanced
-
-`RSocketRequesterBuilder` provides a callback to expose the underlying
-`io.rsocket.core.RSocketConnector` for further configuration options for keepalive
-intervals, session resumption, interceptors, and more. You can configure options
-at that level as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	RSocketRequester requester = RSocketRequester.builder()
-		.rsocketConnector(connector -> {
-			// ...
-		})
-		.tcp("localhost", 7000);
----
-
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val requester = RSocketRequester.builder()
-			.rsocketConnector {
-				//...
-			}
-			.tcp("localhost", 7000)
----
-
-
-[[rsocket-requester-server]]
-=== Server Requester
-
-To make requests from a server to connected clients is a matter of obtaining the
-requester for the connected client from the server.
-
-In <<rsocket-annot-responders>>, `@ConnectMapping` and `@MessageMapping` methods support an
-`RSocketRequester` argument. Use it to access the requester for the connection. Keep in
-mind that `@ConnectMapping` methods are essentially handlers of the `SETUP` frame which
-must be handled before requests can begin. Therefore, requests at the very start must be
-decoupled from handling. For example:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@ConnectMapping
-	Mono<Void> handle(RSocketRequester requester) {
-		requester.route("status").data("5")
-			.retrieveFlux(StatusReport.class)
-			.subscribe(bar -> { // <1>
-				// ...
-			});
-		return ... // <2>
-	}
----
-<1> Start the request asynchronously, independent from handling.
-<2> Perform handling and return completion `Mono<Void>`.
-
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	@ConnectMapping
-	suspend fun handle(requester: RSocketRequester) {
-		GlobalScope.launch {
-			requester.route("status").data("5").retrieveFlow<StatusReport>().collect { // <1>
-				// ...
-			}
-		}
-		/// ... <2>
-	}
----
-<1> Start the request asynchronously, independent from handling.
-<2> Perform handling in the suspending function.
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-requester-requests]]
-=== Requests
-
-Once you have a <<rsocket-requester-client,client>> or
-<<rsocket-requester-server,server>> requester, you can make requests as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ViewBox viewBox = ... ;
-
-	Flux<AirportLocation> locations = requester.route("locate.radars.within") // <1>
-			.data(viewBox) // <2>
-			.retrieveFlux(AirportLocation.class); // <3>
-
----
-<1> Specify a route to include in the metadata of the request message.
-<2> Provide data for the request message.
-<3> Declare the expected response.
-
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val viewBox: ViewBox = ...
-
-	val locations = requester.route("locate.radars.within") // <1>
-			.data(viewBox) // <2>
-			.retrieveFlow<AirportLocation>() // <3>
----
-<1> Specify a route to include in the metadata of the request message.
-<2> Provide data for the request message.
-<3> Declare the expected response.
-
-The interaction type is determined implicitly from the cardinality of the input and
-output. The above example is a `Request-Stream` because one value is sent and a stream
-of values is received. For the most part you don't need to think about this as long as the
-choice of input and output matches an RSocket interaction type and the types of input and
-output expected by the responder. The only example of an invalid combination is many-to-one.
-
-The `data(Object)` method also accepts any Reactive Streams `Publisher`, including
-`Flux` and `Mono`, as well as any other producer of value(s) that is registered in the
-`ReactiveAdapterRegistry`. For a multi-value `Publisher` such as `Flux` which produces the
-same types of values, consider using one of the overloaded `data` methods to avoid having
-type checks and `Encoder` lookup on every element:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-data(Object producer, Class<?> elementClass);
-data(Object producer, ParameterizedTypeReference<?> elementTypeRef);
----
-
-The `data(Object)` step is optional. Skip it for requests that don't send data:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	Mono<AirportLocation> location = requester.route("find.radar.EWR"))
-		.retrieveMono(AirportLocation.class);
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	import org.springframework.messaging.rsocket.retrieveAndAwait
-
-	val location = requester.route("find.radar.EWR")
-		.retrieveAndAwait<AirportLocation>()
----
-
-Extra metadata values can be added if using
-{gh-rsocket-extensions}/CompositeMetadata.md[composite metadata] (the default) and if the
-values are supported by a registered `Encoder`. For example:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	String securityToken = ... ;
-	ViewBox viewBox = ... ;
-	MimeType mimeType = MimeType.valueOf("message/x.rsocket.authentication.bearer.v0");
-
-	Flux<AirportLocation> locations = requester.route("locate.radars.within")
-			.metadata(securityToken, mimeType)
-			.data(viewBox)
-			.retrieveFlux(AirportLocation.class);
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	import org.springframework.messaging.rsocket.retrieveFlow
-
-	val requester: RSocketRequester = ...
-
-	val securityToken: String = ...
-	val viewBox: ViewBox = ...
-	val mimeType = MimeType.valueOf("message/x.rsocket.authentication.bearer.v0")
-
-	val locations = requester.route("locate.radars.within")
-			.metadata(securityToken, mimeType)
-			.data(viewBox)
-			.retrieveFlow<AirportLocation>()
----
-
-For `Fire-and-Forget` use the `send()` method that returns `Mono<Void>`. Note that the `Mono`
-indicates only that the message was successfully sent, and not that it was handled.
-
-For `Metadata-Push` use the `sendMetadata()` method with a `Mono<Void>` return value.
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-annot-responders]]
-== Annotated Responders
-
-RSocket responders can be implemented as `@MessageMapping` and `@ConnectMapping` methods.
-`@MessageMapping` methods handle individual requests while `@ConnectMapping` methods handle
-connection-level events (setup and metadata push). Annotated responders are supported
-symmetrically, for responding from the server side and for responding from the client side.
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-annot-responders-server]]
-=== Server Responders
-
-To use annotated responders on the server side, add `RSocketMessageHandler` to your Spring
-configuration to detect `@Controller` beans with `@MessageMapping` and `@ConnectMapping`
-methods:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@Configuration
-	static class ServerConfig {
-
-		@Bean
-		public RSocketMessageHandler rsocketMessageHandler() {
-			RSocketMessageHandler handler = new RSocketMessageHandler();
-			handler.routeMatcher(new PathPatternRouteMatcher());
-			return handler;
-		}
-	}
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	@Configuration
-	class ServerConfig {
-
-		@Bean
-		fun rsocketMessageHandler() = RSocketMessageHandler().apply {
-			routeMatcher = PathPatternRouteMatcher()
-		}
-	}
----
-
-Then start an RSocket server through the Java RSocket API and plug the
-`RSocketMessageHandler` for the responder as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	ApplicationContext context = ... ;
-	RSocketMessageHandler handler = context.getBean(RSocketMessageHandler.class);
-
-	CloseableChannel server =
-		RSocketServer.create(handler.responder())
-			.bind(TcpServerTransport.create("localhost", 7000))
-			.block();
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
-
-	val context: ApplicationContext = ...
-	val handler = context.getBean<RSocketMessageHandler>()
-
-	val server = RSocketServer.create(handler.responder())
-			.bind(TcpServerTransport.create("localhost", 7000))
-			.awaitSingle()
----
-
-`RSocketMessageHandler` supports
-{gh-rsocket-extensions}/CompositeMetadata.md[composite] and
-{gh-rsocket-extensions}/Routing.md[routing] metadata by default. You can set its
-<<rsocket-metadata-extractor>> if you need to switch to a
-different mime type or register additional metadata mime types.
-
-You'll need to set the `Encoder` and `Decoder` instances required for metadata and data
-formats to support. You'll likely need the `spring-web` module for codec implementations.
-
-By default `SimpleRouteMatcher` is used for matching routes via `AntPathMatcher`.
-We recommend plugging in the `PathPatternRouteMatcher` from `spring-web` for
-efficient route matching. RSocket routes can be hierarchical but are not URL paths.
-Both route matchers are configured to use "." as separator by default and there is no URL
-decoding as with HTTP URLs.
-
-`RSocketMessageHandler` can be configured via `RSocketStrategies` which may be useful if
-you need to share configuration between a client and a server in the same process:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@Configuration
-	static class ServerConfig {
-
-		@Bean
-		public RSocketMessageHandler rsocketMessageHandler() {
-			RSocketMessageHandler handler = new RSocketMessageHandler();
-			handler.setRSocketStrategies(rsocketStrategies());
-			return handler;
-		}
-
-		@Bean
-		public RSocketStrategies rsocketStrategies() {
-			return RSocketStrategies.builder()
-				.encoders(encoders -> encoders.add(new Jackson2CborEncoder()))
-				.decoders(decoders -> decoders.add(new Jackson2CborDecoder()))
-				.routeMatcher(new PathPatternRouteMatcher())
-				.build();
-		}
-	}
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	@Configuration
-	class ServerConfig {
-
-		@Bean
-		fun rsocketMessageHandler() = RSocketMessageHandler().apply {
-			rSocketStrategies = rsocketStrategies()
-		}
-
-		@Bean
-		fun rsocketStrategies() = RSocketStrategies.builder()
-				.encoders { it.add(Jackson2CborEncoder()) }
-				.decoders { it.add(Jackson2CborDecoder()) }
-				.routeMatcher(PathPatternRouteMatcher())
-				.build()
-	}
----
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-annot-responders-client]]
-=== Client Responders
-
-Annotated responders on the client side need to be configured in the
-`RSocketRequester.Builder`. For details, see
-<<rsocket-requester-client-responder>>.
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-annot-messagemapping]]
-=== @MessageMapping
-
-Once <<rsocket-annot-responders-server,server>> or
-<<rsocket-annot-responders-client,client>> responder configuration is in place,
-`@MessageMapping` methods can be used as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@Controller
-	public class RadarsController {
-
-		@MessageMapping("locate.radars.within")
-		public Flux<AirportLocation> radars(MapRequest request) {
-			// ...
-		}
-	}
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-@Controller
-class RadarsController {
-
-	@MessageMapping("locate.radars.within")
-	fun radars(request: MapRequest): Flow<AirportLocation> {
-		// ...
-	}
-}
----
-
-The above `@MessageMapping` method responds to a Request-Stream interaction having the
-route "locate.radars.within". It supports a flexible method signature with the option to
-use the following method arguments:
-
-[cols="1,3",options="header"]
-|===
-| Method Argument
-| Description
-
-| `@Payload`
-| The payload of the request. This can be a concrete value of asynchronous types like
-  `Mono` or `Flux`.
-
-  *Note:* Use of the annotation is optional. A method argument that is not a simple type
-  and is not any of the other supported arguments, is assumed to be the expected payload.
-
-| `RSocketRequester`
-| Requester for making requests to the remote end.
-
-| `@DestinationVariable`
-| Value extracted from the route based on variables in the mapping pattern, e.g.
-  pass:q[`@MessageMapping("find.radar.{id}")`].
-
-| `@Header`
-| Metadata value registered for extraction as described in <<rsocket-metadata-extractor>>.
-
-| `@Headers Map<String, Object>`
-| All metadata values registered for extraction as described in <<rsocket-metadata-extractor>>.
-
-|===
-
-The return value is expected to be one or more Objects to be serialized as response
-payloads. That can be asynchronous types like `Mono` or `Flux`, a concrete value, or
-either `void` or a no-value asynchronous type such as `Mono<Void>`.
-
-The RSocket interaction type that an `@MessageMapping` method supports is determined from
-the cardinality of the input (i.e. `@Payload` argument) and of the output, where
-cardinality means the following:
-
-[%autowidth]
-[cols=2*,options="header"]
-|===
-| Cardinality
-| Description
-
-| 1
-| Either an explicit value, or a single-value asynchronous type such as `Mono<T>`.
-
-| Many
-| A multi-value asynchronous type such as `Flux<T>`.
-
-| 0
-| For input this means the method does not have an `@Payload` argument.
-
-  For output this is `void` or a no-value asynchronous type such as `Mono<Void>`.
-|===
-
-The table below shows all input and output cardinality combinations and the corresponding
-interaction type(s):
-
-[%autowidth]
-[cols=3*,options="header"]
-|===
-| Input Cardinality
-| Output Cardinality
-| Interaction Types
-
-| 0, 1
-| 0
-| Fire-and-Forget, Request-Response
-
-| 0, 1
-| 1
-| Request-Response
-
-| 0, 1
-| Many
-| Request-Stream
-
-| Many
-| 0, 1, Many
-| Request-Channel
-
-|===
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-annot-connectmapping]]
-=== @ConnectMapping
-
-`@ConnectMapping` handles the `SETUP` frame at the start of an RSocket connection, and
-any subsequent metadata push notifications through the `METADATA_PUSH` frame, i.e.
-`metadataPush(Payload)` in `io.rsocket.RSocket`.
-
-`@ConnectMapping` methods support the same arguments as
-<<rsocket-annot-messagemapping>> but based on metadata and data from the `SETUP` and
-`METADATA_PUSH` frames. `@ConnectMapping` can have a pattern to narrow handling to
-specific connections that have a route in the metadata, or if no patterns are declared
-then all connections match.
-
-`@ConnectMapping` methods cannot return data and must be declared with `void` or
-`Mono<Void>` as the return value. If handling returns an error for a new
-connection then the connection is rejected. Handling must not be held up to make
-requests to the `RSocketRequester` for the connection. See
-<<rsocket-requester-server>> for details.
-
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-metadata-extractor]]
-== MetadataExtractor
-
-Responders must interpret metadata.
-{gh-rsocket-extensions}/CompositeMetadata.md[Composite metadata] allows independently
-formatted metadata values (e.g. for routing, security, tracing) each with its own mime
-type. Applications need a way to configure metadata mime types to support, and a way
-to access extracted values.
-
-`MetadataExtractor` is a contract to take serialized metadata and return decoded
-name-value pairs that can then be accessed like headers by name, for example via `@Header`
-in annotated handler methods.
-
-`DefaultMetadataExtractor` can be given `Decoder` instances to decode metadata. Out of
-the box it has built-in support for
-{gh-rsocket-extensions}/Routing.md["message/x.rsocket.routing.v0"] which it decodes to
-`String` and saves under the "route" key. For any other mime type you'll need to provide
-a `Decoder` and register the mime type as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	DefaultMetadataExtractor extractor = new DefaultMetadataExtractor(metadataDecoders);
-	extractor.metadataToExtract(fooMimeType, Foo.class, "foo");
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	import org.springframework.messaging.rsocket.metadataToExtract
-
-	val extractor = DefaultMetadataExtractor(metadataDecoders)
-	extractor.metadataToExtract<Foo>(fooMimeType, "foo")
----
-
-Composite metadata works well to combine independent metadata values. However the
-requester might not support composite metadata, or may choose not to use it. For this,
-`DefaultMetadataExtractor` may needs custom logic to map the decoded value to the output
-map. Here is an example where JSON is used for metadata:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	DefaultMetadataExtractor extractor = new DefaultMetadataExtractor(metadataDecoders);
-	extractor.metadataToExtract(
-		MimeType.valueOf("application/vnd.myapp.metadata+json"),
-		new ParameterizedTypeReference<Map<String,String>>() {},
-		(jsonMap, outputMap) -> {
-			outputMap.putAll(jsonMap);
-		});
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	import org.springframework.messaging.rsocket.metadataToExtract
-
-	val extractor = DefaultMetadataExtractor(metadataDecoders)
-	extractor.metadataToExtract<Map<String, String>>(MimeType.valueOf("application/vnd.myapp.metadata+json")) { jsonMap, outputMap ->
-		outputMap.putAll(jsonMap)
-	}
----
-
-When configuring `MetadataExtractor` through `RSocketStrategies`, you can let
-`RSocketStrategies.Builder` create the extractor with the configured decoders, and
-simply use a callback to customize registrations as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	RSocketStrategies strategies = RSocketStrategies.builder()
-		.metadataExtractorRegistry(registry -> {
-			registry.metadataToExtract(fooMimeType, Foo.class, "foo");
-			// ...
-		})
-		.build();
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	import org.springframework.messaging.rsocket.metadataToExtract
-
-	val strategies = RSocketStrategies.builder()
-			.metadataExtractorRegistry { registry: MetadataExtractorRegistry ->
-				registry.metadataToExtract<Foo>(fooMimeType, "foo")
-				// ...
-			}
-			.build()
----
-
-
-
-
-[[rsocket-interface]]
-== RSocket Interface
-
-The Spring Framework lets you define an RSocket service as a Java interface with annotated
-methods for RSocket exchanges. You can then generate a proxy that implements this interface
-and performs the exchanges. This helps to simplify RSocket remote access by wrapping the
-use of the underlying <<rsocket-requester>>.
-
-One, declare an interface with `@RSocketExchange` methods:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	interface RadarService {
-
-		@RSocketExchange("radars")
-		Flux<AirportLocation> getRadars(@Payload MapRequest request);
-
-		// more RSocket exchange methods...
-
-	}
----
-
-Two, create a proxy that will perform the declared RSocket exchanges:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	RSocketRequester requester = ... ;
-	RSocketServiceProxyFactory factory = RSocketServiceProxyFactory.builder(requester).build();
-
-	RepositoryService service = factory.createClient(RadarService.class);
----
-
-
-[[rsocket-interface-method-parameters]]
-=== Method Parameters
-
-Annotated, RSocket exchange methods support flexible method signatures with the following
-method parameters:
-
-[cols="1,2", options="header"]
-|===
-| Method argument | Description
-
-| `@DestinationVariable`
-| Add a route variable to pass to `RSocketRequester` along with the route from the
-  `@RSocketExchange` annotation in order to expand template placeholders in the route.
-  This variable can be a String or any Object, which is then formatted via `toString()`.
-
-| `@Payload`
-| Set the input payload(s) for the request. This can be a concrete value, or any producer
-  of values that can be adapted to a Reactive Streams `Publisher` via
-  `ReactiveAdapterRegistry`
-
-| `Object`, if followed by `MimeType`
-| The value for a metadata entry in the input payload. This can be any `Object` as long
-  as the next argument is the metadata entry `MimeType`. The value can be a concrete
-  value or any producer of a single value that can be adapted to a Reactive Streams
-  `Publisher` via `ReactiveAdapterRegistry`.
-
-| `MimeType`
-| The `MimeType` for a metadata entry. The preceding method argument is expected to be
-  the metadata value.
-
-|===
-
-
-[[rsocket-interface-return-values]]
-=== Return Values
-
-Annotated, RSocket exchange methods support return values that are concrete value(s), or
-any producer of value(s) that can be adapted to a Reactive Streams `Publisher` via
-`ReactiveAdapterRegistry`.
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-:noheader:
-= Spring Framework Documentation
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-
-include::overview.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::core.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::testing.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::data-access.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::web.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::web-reactive.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::integration.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::languages.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::appendix.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-Rod Johnson, Juergen Hoeller, Keith Donald, Colin Sampaleanu, Rob Harrop, Thomas Risberg,
-Alef Arendsen, Darren Davison, Dmitriy Kopylenko, Mark Pollack, Thierry Templier, Erwin
-Vervaet, Portia Tung, Ben Hale, Adrian Colyer, John Lewis, Costin Leau, Mark Fisher, Sam
-Brannen, Ramnivas Laddad, Arjen Poutsma, Chris Beams, Tareq Abedrabbo, Andy Clement, Dave
-Syer, Oliver Gierke, Rossen Stoyanchev, Phillip Webb, Rob Winch, Brian Clozel, Stephane
-Nicoll, Sebastien Deleuze, Jay Bryant, Mark Paluch
-
-Copyright © 2002 - 2022 VMware, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
-
-Copies of this document may be made for your own use and for distribution to others,
-provided that you do not charge any fee for such copies and further provided that each
-copy contains this Copyright Notice, whether distributed in print or electronically.
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-[[testing]]
-= Testing
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-include::page-layout.adoc[]
-
-This chapter covers Spring's support for integration testing and best practices for unit
-testing. The Spring team advocates test-driven development (TDD). The Spring team has
-found that the correct use of inversion of control (IoC) certainly does make both unit
-and integration testing easier (in that the presence of setter methods and appropriate
-constructors on classes makes them easier to wire together in a test without having to
-set up service locator registries and similar structures).
-
-
-include::testing/testing-introduction.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/unit-testing.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/integration-testing.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/testing-support-jdbc.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/testcontext-framework.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/testing-webtestclient.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/spring-mvc-test-framework.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/spring-mvc-test-client.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/testing-appendix.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`implementation-class=org.springframework.build.gradle.DetectSplitPackagesPlugin`