Release v5.3.27

Disable variable assignment in SimpleEvaluationContext
This commit introduces infrastructure to differentiate between programmatic setting of a variable in an EvaluationContext versus the assignment of a variable within a SpEL expression using the assignment operator (=). In addition, this commit disables variable assignment within expressions when using the SimpleEvaluationContext. Closes gh-30327
2026-06-08 17:33:33 +00:00 · 2023-04-13 08:43:55 +00:00 · 2023-04-13 10:20:06 +02:00 · 2023-04-13 10:15:02 +02:00 · 2023-04-13 10:14:18 +02:00 · 2023-04-13 10:14:15 +02:00
4507 changed files with 108013 additions and 149520 deletions
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-name: Backport Bot
-
-on:
-  issues:
-    types: [labeled]
-  pull_request:
-    types: [labeled]
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - '*.x'
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-jobs:
-  build:
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      issues: write
-      pull-requests: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: actions/setup-java@v3
-        with:
-          distribution: 'temurin'
-          java-version: '17'
-      - name: Download BackportBot
-        run: wget https://github.com/spring-io/backport-bot/releases/download/latest/backport-bot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
-      - name: Backport
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          GITHUB_EVENT: ${{ toJSON(github.event) }}
-        run: java -jar backport-bot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --github.accessToken="$GITHUB_TOKEN" --github.event_name "$GITHUB_EVENT_NAME" --github.event "$GITHUB_EVENT"
@@ -1,42 +1,38 @@
-# Miscellaneous
 *.java.hsp
 *.sonarj
 *.sw*
 .DS_Store
+.settings
+.springBeans
+bin
 build.sh
 integration-repo
 ivy-cache
-argfile*
-activemq-data/
-classes/
-
-# Log files
 jxl.log
 jmx.log
 derby.log
-
-# Gradle artifacts
+spring-test/test-output/
 .gradle
-.gradletasknamecache
+argfile*
+pom.xml
+activemq-data/
+
+classes/
 /build
 buildSrc/build
 /spring-*/build
+/spring-core/graalvm/build
+/spring-core/kotlin-coroutines/build
 /framework-bom/build
 /framework-docs/build
 /integration-tests/build
 /src/asciidoc/build
-spring-test/test-output/
-
-# Maven artifacts
-pom.xml
+target/
 /target/

 # Eclipse artifacts, including WTP generated manifests
-bin
 .classpath
 .project
-.settings
-.springBeans
 spring-*/src/main/java/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF

 # IDEA artifacts and output dirs
@@ -47,6 +43,7 @@ spring-*/src/main/java/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
 out
 test-output
 atlassian-ide-plugin.xml
+.gradletasknamecache

 # VS Code
-.vscode/
+.vscode/
@@ -10,11 +10,10 @@ Phillip Webb <pwebb@vmware.com> <pwebb@gopivotal.com>
 Chris Beams <cbeams@vmware.com>
 Chris Beams <cbeams@vmware.com> <cbeams@pivotal.io>
 Chris Beams <cbeams@vmware.com> <cbeams@gopivotal.com>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com> <apoutsma@pivotal.io>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com> <apoutsma@gopivotal.com>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com> <poutsma@mac.com>
-Arjen Poutsma <poutsmaa@vmware.com> <apoutsma@vmware.com>
+Arjen Poutsma <apoutsma@vmware.com>
+Arjen Poutsma <apoutsma@vmware.com> <apoutsma@pivotal.io>
+Arjen Poutsma <apoutsma@vmware.com> <apoutsma@gopivotal.com>
+Arjen Poutsma <apoutsma@vmware.com> <poutsma@mac.com>
 Oliver Drotbohm <odrotbohm@vmware.com>
 Oliver Drotbohm <odrotbohm@vmware.com> <ogierke@vmware.com>
 Oliver Drotbohm <odrotbohm@vmware.com> <ogierke@pivotal.io>
@@ -30,7 +29,5 @@ Andy Clement <aclement@vmware.com> <andrew.clement@gmail.com>
 Sam Brannen <sbrannen@vmware.com>
 Sam Brannen <sbrannen@vmware.com> <sbrannen@pivotal.io>
 Sam Brannen <sbrannen@vmware.com> <sam@sambrannen.com>
-Simon Basle <sbasle@vmware.com>
-Simon Baslé <sbasle@vmware.com>
 <dmitry.katsubo@gmail.com> <dmitry.katsubo@gmai.com>
 Nick Williams <nicholas@nicholaswilliams.net>
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 # Enable auto-env through the sdkman_auto_env config
 # Add key=value pairs of SDKs to use below
-java=17.0.6-librca
+java=8.0.362-librca
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ First off, thank you for taking the time to contribute! :+1: :tada:

 * [Code of Conduct](#code-of-conduct)
 * [How to Contribute](#how-to-contribute)
-  * [Ask questions](#ask-questions)
+  * [Discuss](#discuss)
  * [Create an Issue](#create-an-issue)
  * [Issue Lifecycle](#issue-lifecycle)
  * [Submit a Pull Request](#submit-a-pull-request)
@@ -22,10 +22,11 @@ Please report unacceptable behavior to spring-code-of-conduct@pivotal.io.

 ### How to Contribute

-#### Ask questions
+#### Discuss

 If you have a question, check Stack Overflow using
-[this list of tags](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/spring+or+spring-mvc+or+spring-aop+or+spring-jdbc+or+spring-transactions+or+spring-annotations+or+spring-jms+or+spring-el+or+spring-test+or+spring+or+spring-remoting+or+spring-orm+or+spring-jmx+or+spring-cache+or+spring-webflux?tab=Newest). Find an existing discussion, or start a new one if necessary.
+[this list of tags](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/spring+or+spring-mvc+or+spring-aop+or+spring-jdbc+or+spring-transactions+or+spring-annotations+or+spring-jms+or+spring-el+or+spring-test+or+spring+or+spring-remoting+or+spring-orm+or+spring-jmx+or+spring-cache+or+spring-webflux?tab=Newest).
+Find an existing discussion, or start a new one if necessary.

 If you believe there is an issue, search through
 [existing issues](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues) trying a
@@ -38,18 +39,14 @@ decision.

 Reporting an issue or making a feature request is a great way to contribute. Your feedback
 and the conversations that result from it provide a continuous flow of ideas. However,
-before creating a ticket, please take the time to [ask and research](#ask-questions) first.
+before creating a ticket, please take the time to [discuss and research](#discuss) first.

-If you create an issue after a discussion on Stack Overflow, please provide a description
+If creating an issue after a discussion on Stack Overflow, please provide a description
 in the issue instead of simply referring to Stack Overflow. The issue tracker is an
 important place of record for design discussions and should be self-sufficient.

-Once you're ready, create an issue on [GitHub](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues).
-
-Many issues are caused by subtle behavior, typos, and unintended configuration.
-Creating a [Minimal Reproducible Example](https://stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example)
-(starting with https://start.spring.io for example) of the problem helps the team
-quickly triage your issue and get to the core of the problem.
+Once you're ready, create an issue on
+[GitHub](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues).

 #### Issue Lifecycle

@@ -66,7 +63,7 @@ follow-up reports will need to be created as new issues with a fresh description
 #### Submit a Pull Request

 1. If you have not previously done so, please sign the
-[Contributor License Agreement](https://cla.spring.io/sign/spring). You will be reminded
+[Contributor License Agreement](https://cla.pivotal.io/sign/spring). You will be reminded
 automatically when you submit the PR.

 1. Should you create an issue first? No, just create the pull request and use the
@@ -123,13 +120,12 @@ define the source file coding standards we use along with some IDEA editor setti

 ### Reference Docs

-The reference documentation is in the [framework-docs/src/docs/asciidoc](framework-docs/src/docs/asciidoc) directory, in
+The reference documentation is in the [src/docs/asciidoc](src/docs/asciidoc) directory, in
 [Asciidoctor](https://asciidoctor.org/) format. For trivial changes, you may be able to browse,
 edit source files, and submit directly from GitHub.

-When making changes locally, execute `./gradlew :framework-docs:asciidoctor` and then browse the result under
-`framework-docs/build/docs/ref-docs/html5/index.html`.
+When making changes locally, execute `./gradlew asciidoctor` and then browse the result under
+`build/docs/ref-docs/html5/index.html`.

 Asciidoctor also supports live editing. For more details see
 [AsciiDoc Tooling](https://docs.asciidoctor.org/asciidoctor/latest/tooling/).
-
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# <img src="framework-docs/src/docs/spring-framework.png" width="80" height="80"> Spring Framework [![Build Status](https://ci.spring.io/api/v1/teams/spring-framework/pipelines/spring-framework-6.0.x/jobs/build/badge)](https://ci.spring.io/teams/spring-framework/pipelines/spring-framework-6.0.x?groups=Build") [![Revved up by Gradle Enterprise](https://img.shields.io/badge/Revved%20up%20by-Gradle%20Enterprise-06A0CE?logo=Gradle&labelColor=02303A)](https://ge.spring.io/scans?search.rootProjectNames=spring)
+# <img src="src/docs/spring-framework.png" width="80" height="80"> Spring Framework [![Build Status](https://ci.spring.io/api/v1/teams/spring-framework/pipelines/spring-framework-5.3.x/jobs/build/badge)](https://ci.spring.io/teams/spring-framework/pipelines/spring-framework-5.3.x?groups=Build") [![Revved up by Gradle Enterprise](https://img.shields.io/badge/Revved%20up%20by-Gradle%20Enterprise-06A0CE?logo=Gradle&labelColor=02303A)](https://ge.spring.io/scans?search.rootProjectNames=spring)

 This is the home of the Spring Framework: the foundation for all [Spring projects](https://spring.io/projects). Collectively the Spring Framework and the family of Spring projects are often referred to simply as "Spring". 

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ For access to artifacts or a distribution zip, see the [Spring Framework Artifac

 ## Documentation

-The Spring Framework maintains reference documentation ([published](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/) and [source](framework-docs/src/docs/asciidoc)), GitHub [wiki pages](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki), and an
+The Spring Framework maintains reference documentation ([published](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/) and [source](src/docs/asciidoc)), GitHub [wiki pages](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki), and an
 [API reference](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/). There are also [guides and tutorials](https://spring.io/guides) across Spring projects.

 ## Micro-Benchmarks
@@ -1,39 +1,297 @@
 plugins {
-	id 'io.spring.nohttp' version '0.0.11'
-	id 'io.freefair.aspectj' version '6.5.0.3' apply false
-	// kotlinVersion is managed in gradle.properties
-	id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.serialization' version "${kotlinVersion}" apply false
-	id 'org.jetbrains.dokka' version '1.7.20'
-	id 'org.asciidoctor.jvm.convert' version '3.3.2' apply false
-	id 'org.asciidoctor.jvm.pdf' version '3.3.2'  apply false
+	id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.11.RELEASE' apply false
+	id 'io.spring.nohttp' version '0.0.10'
+	id 'io.freefair.aspectj' version '6.2.0' apply false
+	id 'org.jetbrains.dokka' version '1.6.10' apply false
+	id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm' version '1.5.32' apply false
+	id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.serialization' version "1.5.32" apply false
+	id 'org.asciidoctor.jvm.convert' version '3.3.2'
+	id 'org.asciidoctor.jvm.pdf' version '3.3.2'
 	id 'org.unbroken-dome.xjc' version '2.0.0' apply false
-	id 'com.github.ben-manes.versions' version '0.42.0'
-	id 'com.github.johnrengelman.shadow' version '7.1.2' apply false
-	id 'de.undercouch.download' version '5.1.0'
-	id 'me.champeau.jmh' version '0.6.8' apply false
+	id 'com.github.ben-manes.versions' version '0.39.0'
+	id 'com.github.johnrengelman.shadow' version '7.0.0' apply false
+	id 'de.undercouch.download' version '4.1.2'
+	id 'me.champeau.jmh' version "0.6.6" apply false
 }

 ext {
 	moduleProjects = subprojects.findAll { it.name.startsWith("spring-") }
-	javaProjects = subprojects - project(":framework-bom") - project(":framework-platform")
+	javaProjects = subprojects - project(":framework-bom")
+	withoutJclOverSlf4j = {
+		exclude group: "org.slf4j", name: "jcl-over-slf4j"
+	}
 }

 configure(allprojects) { project ->
-	repositories {
-		mavenCentral()
-		maven {
-			url "https://repo.spring.io/milestone"
-			content {
-				// Netty 5 optional support
-				includeGroup 'io.projectreactor.netty'
+	apply plugin: "io.spring.dependency-management"
+
+	dependencyManagement {
+		imports {
+			mavenBom "com.fasterxml.jackson:jackson-bom:2.12.7"
+			mavenBom "io.netty:netty-bom:4.1.91.Final"
+			mavenBom "io.projectreactor:reactor-bom:2020.0.31"
+			mavenBom "io.r2dbc:r2dbc-bom:Arabba-SR13"
+			mavenBom "io.rsocket:rsocket-bom:1.1.3"
+			mavenBom "org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-bom:9.4.51.v20230217"
+			mavenBom "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-bom:1.5.32"
+			mavenBom "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-bom:1.5.2"
+			mavenBom "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-bom:1.2.2"
+			mavenBom "org.junit:junit-bom:5.8.2"
+		}
+		dependencies {
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.apache.logging.log4j', version: '2.20.0') {
+				entry 'log4j-api'
+				entry 'log4j-core'
+				entry 'log4j-jul'
+				entry 'log4j-slf4j-impl'
 			}
+			dependency "org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.36"
+			dependency("com.google.code.findbugs:findbugs:3.0.1") {
+				exclude group: "dom4j", name: "dom4j"
+			}
+			dependency "com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2"
+
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.aspectj', version: '1.9.7') {
+				entry 'aspectjrt'
+				entry 'aspectjtools'
+				entry 'aspectjweaver'
+			}
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.codehaus.groovy', version: '3.0.9') {
+				entry 'groovy'
+				entry 'groovy-jsr223'
+				entry 'groovy-templates'  // requires findbugs for warning-free compilation
+				entry 'groovy-test'
+				entry 'groovy-xml'
+			}
+
+			dependency "io.reactivex:rxjava:1.3.8"
+			dependency "io.reactivex:rxjava-reactive-streams:1.2.1"
+			dependency "io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.2.21"
+			dependency "io.reactivex.rxjava3:rxjava:3.1.5"
+			dependency "io.smallrye.reactive:mutiny:1.8.0"
+			dependency "io.projectreactor.tools:blockhound:1.0.6.RELEASE"
+
+			dependency "com.caucho:hessian:4.0.63"
+			dependency "com.fasterxml:aalto-xml:1.3.1"
+			dependency("com.fasterxml.woodstox:woodstox-core:6.2.8") {
+				exclude group: "stax", name: "stax-api"
+			}
+			dependency "com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.9"
+			dependency "com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java-util:3.19.3"
+			dependency "com.googlecode.protobuf-java-format:protobuf-java-format:1.4"
+			dependency("com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream:1.4.19") {
+				exclude group: "xpp3", name: "xpp3_min"
+				exclude group: "xmlpull", name: "xmlpull"
+			}
+			dependency "org.apache.johnzon:johnzon-jsonb:1.2.18"
+			dependency("org.codehaus.jettison:jettison:1.3.8") {
+				exclude group: "stax", name: "stax-api"
+			}
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.jibx', version: '1.3.3') {
+				entry 'jibx-bind'
+				entry 'jibx-run'
+			}
+			dependency "org.ogce:xpp3:1.1.6"
+			dependency "org.yaml:snakeyaml:1.33"
+
+			dependency "com.h2database:h2:2.1.214"
+			dependency "com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine:2.9.3"
+			dependency "com.github.librepdf:openpdf:1.3.30"
+			dependency "com.rometools:rome:1.18.0"
+			dependency "commons-io:commons-io:2.5"
+			dependency "io.vavr:vavr:0.10.4"
+			dependency "net.sf.jopt-simple:jopt-simple:5.0.4"
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.apache.activemq', version: '5.16.2') {
+				entry 'activemq-broker'
+				entry('activemq-kahadb-store') {
+					exclude group: "org.springframework", name: "spring-context"
+				}
+				entry 'activemq-stomp'
+			}
+			dependency "org.apache.bcel:bcel:6.0"
+			dependency "org.apache.commons:commons-pool2:2.9.0"
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.apache.derby', version: '10.14.2.0') {
+				entry 'derby'
+				entry 'derbyclient'
+			}
+			dependency "org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml:4.1.2"
+			dependency "org.apache-extras.beanshell:bsh:2.0b6"
+			dependency "org.freemarker:freemarker:2.3.31"
+			dependency "org.hsqldb:hsqldb:2.5.2"
+			dependency "org.quartz-scheduler:quartz:2.3.2"
+			dependency "org.codehaus.fabric3.api:commonj:1.1.0"
+			dependency "net.sf.ehcache:ehcache:2.10.6"
+			dependency "org.ehcache:jcache:1.0.1"
+			dependency "org.ehcache:ehcache:3.4.0"
+			dependency "org.hibernate:hibernate-core:5.4.33.Final"
+			dependency "org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:6.2.5.Final"
+			dependency "org.webjars:webjars-locator-core:0.48"
+			dependency "org.webjars:underscorejs:1.8.3"
+
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.apache.tomcat', version: '9.0.73') {
+				entry 'tomcat-util'
+				entry('tomcat-websocket') {
+					exclude group: "org.apache.tomcat", name: "tomcat-servlet-api"
+					exclude group: "org.apache.tomcat", name: "tomcat-websocket-api"
+				}
+			}
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.apache.tomcat.embed', version: '9.0.73') {
+				entry 'tomcat-embed-core'
+				entry 'tomcat-embed-websocket'
+			}
+			dependencySet(group: 'io.undertow', version: '2.2.23.Final') {
+				entry 'undertow-core'
+				entry('undertow-servlet') {
+					exclude group: "org.jboss.spec.javax.servlet", name: "jboss-servlet-api_4.0_spec"
+					exclude group: "org.jboss.spec.javax.annotation", name: "jboss-annotations-api_1.3_spec"
+				}
+				entry('undertow-websockets-jsr') {
+					exclude group: "org.jboss.spec.javax.websocket", name: "jboss-websocket-api_1.1_spec"
+				}
+			}
+
+			dependency "org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-reactive-httpclient:1.1.13"
+			dependency 'org.apache.httpcomponents.client5:httpclient5:5.1.3'
+			dependency 'org.apache.httpcomponents.core5:httpcore5-reactive:5.1.3'
+			dependency("org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.13") {
+				exclude group: "commons-logging", name: "commons-logging"
+			}
+			dependency("org.apache.httpcomponents:httpasyncclient:4.1.5") {
+				exclude group: "commons-logging", name: "commons-logging"
+			}
+			dependencySet(group: 'com.squareup.okhttp3', version: '3.14.9') {
+				entry 'okhttp'
+				entry 'mockwebserver'
+			}
+
+			dependency "org.jruby:jruby:9.2.20.1"
+			dependency "org.python:jython-standalone:2.7.1"
+			dependency "org.mozilla:rhino:1.7.11"
+
+			dependency "commons-fileupload:commons-fileupload:1.4"
+			dependency "org.synchronoss.cloud:nio-multipart-parser:1.1.0"
+
+			dependency("org.dom4j:dom4j:2.1.3") {
+				exclude group: "jaxen", name: "jaxen"
+				exclude group: "net.java.dev.msv", name: "xsdlib"
+				exclude group: "pull-parser", name: "pull-parser"
+				exclude group: "xpp3", name: "xpp3"
+			}
+			dependency("jaxen:jaxen:1.2.0") {
+				exclude group: "dom4j", name: "dom4j"
+			}
+
+			dependency("junit:junit:4.13.2") {
+				exclude group: "org.hamcrest", name: "hamcrest-core"
+			}
+			dependency("de.bechte.junit:junit-hierarchicalcontextrunner:4.12.1") {
+				exclude group: "junit", name: "junit"
+			}
+			dependency "org.testng:testng:7.4.0"
+			dependency "org.junit.support:testng-engine:1.0.4"
+			dependency "org.hamcrest:hamcrest:2.2"
+			dependency "org.awaitility:awaitility:3.1.6"
+			dependency "org.assertj:assertj-core:3.24.2"
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.xmlunit', version: '2.9.0') {
+				entry 'xmlunit-assertj'
+				entry('xmlunit-matchers') {
+					exclude group: "org.hamcrest", name: "hamcrest-core"
+				}
+			}
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.mockito', version: '4.9.0') {  // spring-beans tests fail with 4.10+
+				entry('mockito-core') {
+					exclude group: "org.hamcrest", name: "hamcrest-core"
+				}
+				entry 'mockito-junit-jupiter'
+			}
+			dependency "io.mockk:mockk:1.12.1"
+
+			dependency("net.sourceforge.htmlunit:htmlunit:2.70.0") {
+				exclude group: "commons-logging", name: "commons-logging"
+			}
+			dependency("org.seleniumhq.selenium:htmlunit-driver:2.70.0") {
+				exclude group: "commons-logging", name: "commons-logging"
+			}
+			dependency("org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:3.141.59") {
+				exclude group: "commons-logging", name: "commons-logging"
+				exclude group: "io.netty", name: "netty"
+			}
+			dependency "org.skyscreamer:jsonassert:1.5.0"
+			dependency "com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:2.7.0"
+			dependency "org.bouncycastle:bcpkix-jdk18on:1.71"
+
+			dependencySet(group: 'org.apache.tiles', version: '3.0.8') {
+				entry 'tiles-api'
+				entry('tiles-core', withoutJclOverSlf4j)
+				entry('tiles-servlet', withoutJclOverSlf4j)
+				entry('tiles-jsp', withoutJclOverSlf4j)
+				entry('tiles-el', withoutJclOverSlf4j)
+				entry('tiles-extras') {
+					exclude group: "org.springframework", name: "spring-web"
+					exclude group: "org.slf4j", name: "jcl-over-slf4j"
+				}
+			}
+			dependency("org.apache.taglibs:taglibs-standard-jstlel:1.2.5") {
+				exclude group: "org.apache.taglibs", name: "taglibs-standard-spec"
+			}
+
+			dependency "com.ibm.websphere:uow:6.0.2.17"
+			dependency "com.jamonapi:jamon:2.82"
+			dependency "joda-time:joda-time:2.10.13"
+			dependency "org.eclipse.persistence:org.eclipse.persistence.jpa:2.7.10"
+			dependency "org.javamoney:moneta:1.3"
+
+			dependency "com.sun.activation:javax.activation:1.2.0"
+			dependency "com.sun.mail:javax.mail:1.6.2"
+			dependencySet(group: 'com.sun.xml.bind', version: '2.3.0.1') {
+				entry 'jaxb-core'
+				entry 'jaxb-impl'
+				entry 'jaxb-xjc'
+			}
+
+			dependency "javax.activation:javax.activation-api:1.2.0"
+			dependency "javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:1.3.2"
+			dependency "javax.cache:cache-api:1.1.0"
+			dependency "javax.ejb:javax.ejb-api:3.2"
+			dependency "javax.el:javax.el-api:3.0.1-b04"
+			dependency "javax.enterprise.concurrent:javax.enterprise.concurrent-api:1.0"
+			dependency "javax.faces:javax.faces-api:2.2"
+			dependency "javax.inject:javax.inject:1"
+			dependency "javax.inject:javax.inject-tck:1"
+			dependency "javax.interceptor:javax.interceptor-api:1.2.2"
+			dependency "javax.jms:javax.jms-api:2.0.1"
+			dependency "javax.json:javax.json-api:1.1.4"
+			dependency "javax.json.bind:javax.json.bind-api:1.0"
+			dependency "javax.mail:javax.mail-api:1.6.2"
+			dependency "javax.money:money-api:1.0.3"
+			dependency "javax.resource:javax.resource-api:1.7.1"
+			dependency "javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:4.0.1"
+			dependency "javax.servlet.jsp:javax.servlet.jsp-api:2.3.2-b02"
+			dependency "javax.servlet.jsp.jstl:javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-api:1.2.1"
+			dependency "javax.transaction:javax.transaction-api:1.3"
+			dependency "javax.validation:validation-api:2.0.1.Final"
+			dependency "javax.websocket:javax.websocket-api:1.1"
+			dependency "javax.xml.bind:jaxb-api:2.3.1"
+			dependency "javax.xml.ws:jaxws-api:2.3.1"
+
+			dependency "org.eclipse.persistence:javax.persistence:2.2.0"
+
+			// Substitute for "javax.management:jmxremote_optional:1.0.1_04" which
+			// is not available on Maven Central
+			dependency "org.glassfish.external:opendmk_jmxremote_optional_jar:1.0-b01-ea"
+			dependency "org.glassfish:javax.el:3.0.1-b08"
+			dependency "org.glassfish.main:javax.jws:4.0-b33"
+			dependency "org.glassfish.tyrus:tyrus-container-servlet:1.13.1"
 		}
-		maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/libs-spring-framework-build" }
-		if (version.contains('-')) {
-			maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/milestone" }
+		generatedPomCustomization {
+			enabled = false
 		}
-		if (version.endsWith('-SNAPSHOT')) {
-			maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/snapshot" }
+		resolutionStrategy {
+			cacheChangingModulesFor 0, "seconds"
+		}
+		repositories {
+			mavenCentral()
+			maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/libs-spring-framework-build" }
 		}
 	}
 	configurations.all {
@@ -50,17 +308,27 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 	apply plugin: "java"
 	apply plugin: "java-test-fixtures"
 	apply plugin: "checkstyle"
-	apply plugin: 'org.springframework.build.conventions'
+	apply plugin: 'org.springframework.build.compile'
 	apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/toolchains.gradle"
 	apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/ide.gradle"

-	configurations {
-		dependencyManagement {
-			canBeConsumed = false
-			canBeResolved = false
-			visible = false
+	pluginManager.withPlugin("kotlin") {
+		apply plugin: "org.jetbrains.dokka"
+		apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/docs-dokka.gradle"
+
+		compileKotlin {
+			kotlinOptions {
+				languageVersion = "1.3"
+				apiVersion = "1.3"
+				freeCompilerArgs = ["-Xjsr305=strict", "-Xsuppress-version-warnings", "-Xopt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn"]
+				allWarningsAsErrors = true
+			}
+		}
+		compileTestKotlin {
+			kotlinOptions {
+				freeCompilerArgs = ["-Xjsr305=strict"]
+			}
 		}
-		matching { it.name.endsWith("Classpath") }.all { it.extendsFrom(dependencyManagement) }
 	}

 	test {
@@ -69,29 +337,14 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 		systemProperty("java.awt.headless", "true")
 		systemProperty("testGroups", project.properties.get("testGroups"))
 		systemProperty("io.netty.leakDetection.level", "paranoid")
-		systemProperty("io.netty5.leakDetectionLevel", "paranoid")
-		systemProperty("io.netty5.leakDetection.targetRecords", "32")
-		systemProperty("io.netty5.buffer.lifecycleTracingEnabled", "true")
-		systemProperty("io.netty5.buffer.leakDetectionEnabled", "true")
-		jvmArgs(["--add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED",
-				 "--add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED"])
 	}

 	checkstyle {
-		toolVersion = "10.7.0"
+		toolVersion = "10.9.3"
 		configDirectory.set(rootProject.file("src/checkstyle"))
 	}

-	tasks.named("checkstyleMain").configure {
-		maxHeapSize = "1g"
-	}
-
-	tasks.named("checkstyleTest").configure {
-		maxHeapSize = "1g"
-	}
-
 	dependencies {
-		dependencyManagement(enforcedPlatform(dependencies.project(path: ":framework-platform")))
 		testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api")
 		testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params")
 		testImplementation("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-suite-api")
@@ -113,29 +366,29 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 	}

 	ext.javadocLinks = [
-			"https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/",
-			"https://jakarta.ee/specifications/platform/9/apidocs/",
+			"https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/",
+			"https://docs.oracle.com/javaee/7/api/",
 			"https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13222_01/wls/docs90/javadocs/",  // CommonJ
 			"https://www.ibm.com/docs/api/v1/content/SSEQTP_8.5.5/com.ibm.websphere.javadoc.doc/web/apidocs/",
 			"https://docs.jboss.org/jbossas/javadoc/4.0.5/connector/",
 			"https://docs.jboss.org/jbossas/javadoc/7.1.2.Final/",
+			"https://tiles.apache.org/tiles-request/apidocs/",
+			"https://tiles.apache.org/framework/apidocs/",
 			"https://www.eclipse.org/aspectj/doc/released/aspectj5rt-api/",
+			"https://www.ehcache.org/apidocs/2.10.4/",
 			"https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/api/2.3.0/",
-			"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core/2.14.1/",
-			"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind/2.14.1/",
-			"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat/jackson-dataformat-xml/2.14.1/",
-			"https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-5.2.x/current/httpclient5/apidocs/",
+			"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core/2.12.7/",
+			"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind/2.12.7/",
+			"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat/jackson-dataformat-xml/2.12.7/",
+			"https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-5.1.x/current/httpclient5/apidocs/",
 			"https://projectreactor.io/docs/test/release/api/",
 			"https://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.13.2/",
-			// TODO Uncomment link to JUnit 5 docs once we have sorted out
-			// the following warning in the build.
-			//
-			// warning: The code being documented uses packages in the unnamed module, but the packages defined in https://junit.org/junit5/docs/5.9.2/api/ are in named modules.
-			//
-			// "https://junit.org/junit5/docs/5.9.2/api/",
+			// Disabling linking to JUnit 5.8.2, since the `package-list` file no longer exists due to
+			// https://github.com/junit-team/junit5/commit/67ad4e545518b0ce2b0e7c96df31a669866d5003.
+			// "https://junit.org/junit5/docs/5.8.2/api/",
 			"https://www.reactive-streams.org/reactive-streams-1.0.3-javadoc/",
 			"https://javadoc.io/static/io.rsocket/rsocket-core/1.1.1/",
-			"https://r2dbc.io/spec/1.0.0.RELEASE/api/",
+			"https://r2dbc.io/spec/0.8.5.RELEASE/api/",
 			// The external Javadoc link for JSR 305 must come last to ensure that types from
 			// JSR 250 (such as @PostConstruct) are still supported. This is due to the fact
 			// that JSR 250 and JSR 305 both define types in javax.annotation, which results
@@ -152,14 +405,17 @@ configure(moduleProjects) { project ->
 configure(rootProject) {
 	description = "Spring Framework"

+	apply plugin: "kotlin"
 	apply plugin: "io.spring.nohttp"
 	apply plugin: 'org.springframework.build.api-diff'
+	apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/publications.gradle"
+	apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/docs.gradle"

 	nohttp {
 		source.exclude "**/test-output/**"
 		allowlistFile = project.file("src/nohttp/allowlist.lines")
 		def rootPath = file(rootDir).toPath()
-		def projectDirs = allprojects.collect { it.projectDir } + "${rootDir}/buildSrc"
+		def projectDirs = allprojects.collect { it.projectDir } + "${rootDir}/spring-core-test" + "${rootDir}/buildSrc" + "${rootDir}/framework-docs"
 		projectDirs.forEach { dir ->
 			[ 'bin', 'build', 'out', '.settings' ]
 				.collect { rootPath.relativize(new File(dir, it).toPath()) }
@@ -174,4 +430,14 @@ configure(rootProject) {
 		maxHeapSize = "1g"
 	}

+	publishing {
+		publications {
+			mavenJava(MavenPublication) {
+				artifact docsZip
+				artifact schemaZip
+				artifact distZip
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 }
@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@ They are declared in the `build.gradle` file in this folder.

 ## Build Conventions

-The `org.springframework.build.conventions` plugin applies all conventions to the Framework build:
-
-* Configuring the Java compiler, see `JavaConventions`
-* Configuring the Kotlin compiler, see `KotlinConventions`
-* Configuring testing in the build with `TestConventions` 
+### Compiler conventions

+The `org.springframework.build.compile` plugin applies the Java compiler conventions to the build.

 ## Build Plugins

@@ -36,40 +33,3 @@ current working version with. You can generate the reports for all modules or a
 ```      

 The reports are located under `build/reports/api-diff/$OLDVERSION_to_$NEWVERSION/`.
-                                                                                       
-
-### RuntimeHints Java Agent
-
-The `spring-core-test` project module contributes the `RuntimeHintsAgent` Java agent.
-
-The `RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin` Gradle plugin creates a dedicated `"runtimeHintsTest"` test task for each project.
-This task will detect and execute [tests tagged](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-build-gradle)
-with the `"RuntimeHintsTests"` [JUnit tag](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-tags).
-In the Spring Framework test suite, those are usually annotated with the `@EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent` annotation.
-
-By default, the agent will instrument all classes located in the `"org.springframework"` package, as they are loaded.
-The `RuntimeHintsAgentExtension` allows to customize this using a DSL:
-
-```groovy
-// this applies the `RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin` to the project
-plugins {
-	id 'org.springframework.build.runtimehints-agent'
-}
-
-// You can configure the agent to include and exclude packages from the instrumentation process.
-runtimeHintsAgent {
-	includedPackages = ["org.springframework", "io.spring"]
-	excludedPackages = ["org.example"]
-}
-
-dependencies {
-    // to use the test infrastructure, the project should also depend on the "spring-core-test" module
-	testImplementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
-}
-```
-
-With this configuration, `./gradlew runtimeHintsTest` will run all tests instrumented by this java agent.
-The global `./gradlew check` task depends on `runtimeHintsTest`.            
-
-NOTE: the "spring-core-test" module doesn't shade "spring-core" by design, so the agent should never instrument
-code that doesn't have "spring-core" on its classpath.
@@ -7,20 +7,8 @@ repositories {
 	gradlePluginPortal()
 }

-ext {
-	def propertiesFile = new File(new File("$projectDir").parentFile, "gradle.properties")
-	propertiesFile.withInputStream {
-		def properties = new Properties()
-		properties.load(it)
-		set("kotlinVersion", properties["kotlinVersion"])
-	}
-}
-
 dependencies {
-	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:${kotlinVersion}")
-	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-compiler-embeddable:${kotlinVersion}")
 	implementation "me.champeau.gradle:japicmp-gradle-plugin:0.3.0"
-	implementation "org.gradle:test-retry-gradle-plugin:1.4.1"
 }

 gradlePlugin {
@@ -29,17 +17,13 @@ gradlePlugin {
 			id = "org.springframework.build.api-diff"
 			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.api.ApiDiffPlugin"
 		}
-		conventionsPlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.build.conventions"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.ConventionsPlugin"
+		compileConventionsPlugin {
+			id = "org.springframework.build.compile"
+			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.compile.CompilerConventionsPlugin"
 		}
 		optionalDependenciesPlugin {
 			id = "org.springframework.build.optional-dependencies"
 			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.optional.OptionalDependenciesPlugin"
 		}
-		runtimeHintsAgentPlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.build.runtimehints-agent"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.hint.RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin"
-		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.KotlinBasePlugin;
-
-/**
- * Plugin to apply conventions to projects that are part of Spring Framework's build.
- * Conventions are applied in response to various plugins being applied.
- *
- * When the {@link JavaBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link TestConventions}
- * are applied.
- * When the {@link JavaBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link JavaConventions}
- * are applied.
- * When the {@link KotlinBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link KotlinConventions}
- * are applied.
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class ConventionsPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	@Override
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		new JavaConventions().apply(project);
-		new KotlinConventions().apply(project);
-		new TestConventions().apply(project);
-	}
-}
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.KotlinJvmOptions;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile;
-
-/**
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class KotlinConventions {
-
-	void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withId("org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm",
-				(plugin) -> project.getTasks().withType(KotlinCompile.class, this::configure));
-	}
-
-	private void configure(KotlinCompile compile) {
-		KotlinJvmOptions kotlinOptions = compile.getKotlinOptions();
-		kotlinOptions.setApiVersion("1.7");
-		kotlinOptions.setLanguageVersion("1.7");
-		kotlinOptions.setJvmTarget("17");
-		kotlinOptions.setJavaParameters(true);
-		kotlinOptions.setAllWarningsAsErrors(true);
-		List<String> freeCompilerArgs = new ArrayList<>(compile.getKotlinOptions().getFreeCompilerArgs());
-		freeCompilerArgs.addAll(List.of("-Xsuppress-version-warnings", "-Xjsr305=strict", "-opt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn"));
-		compile.getKotlinOptions().setFreeCompilerArgs(freeCompilerArgs);
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
-import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryPlugin;
-import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryTaskExtension;
-
-/**
- * Conventions that are applied in the presence of the {@link JavaBasePlugin}. When the
- * plugin is applied:
- * <ul>
- * <li>The {@link TestRetryPlugin Test Retry} plugins is applied so that flaky tests
- * are retried 3 times when running on the CI.
- * </ul>
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- * @author Andy Wilkinson
- */
-class TestConventions {
-
-	void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, (java) -> configureTestConventions(project));
-	}
-
-	private void configureTestConventions(Project project) {
-		project.getTasks().withType(Test.class,
-				(test) -> project.getPlugins().withType(TestRetryPlugin.class, (testRetryPlugin) -> {
-					TestRetryTaskExtension testRetry = test.getExtensions().getByType(TestRetryTaskExtension.class);
-					testRetry.getFailOnPassedAfterRetry().set(true);
-					testRetry.getMaxRetries().set(isCi() ? 3 : 0);
-				}));
-	}
-
-	private boolean isCi() {
-		return Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getenv("CI"));
-	}
-
-}
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 package org.springframework.build.api;

 import java.io.File;
-import java.net.URI;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -24,7 +23,6 @@ import java.util.List;

 import me.champeau.gradle.japicmp.JapicmpPlugin;
 import me.champeau.gradle.japicmp.JapicmpTask;
-import org.gradle.api.GradleException;
 import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
 import org.gradle.api.Project;
 import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
@@ -34,12 +32,10 @@ import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
 import org.gradle.api.publish.maven.plugins.MavenPublishPlugin;
 import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskProvider;
 import org.gradle.jvm.tasks.Jar;
-import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

 /**
 * {@link Plugin} that applies the {@code "japicmp-gradle-plugin"}
- * and create tasks for all subprojects named {@code "spring-*"}, diffing the public API one by one
+ * and create tasks for all subprojects, diffing the public API one by one
 * and creating the reports in {@code "build/reports/api-diff/$OLDVERSION_to_$NEWVERSION/"}.
 * <p>{@code "./gradlew apiDiff -PbaselineVersion=5.1.0.RELEASE"} will output the
 * reports for the API diff between the baseline version and the current one for all modules.
@@ -50,16 +46,12 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 */
 public class ApiDiffPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {

-	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ApiDiffPlugin.class);
-
 	public static final String TASK_NAME = "apiDiff";

 	private static final String BASELINE_VERSION_PROPERTY = "baselineVersion";

 	private static final List<String> PACKAGE_INCLUDES = Collections.singletonList("org.springframework.*");

-	private static final URI SPRING_MILESTONE_REPOSITORY = URI.create("https://repo.spring.io/milestone");
-
 	@Override
 	public void apply(Project project) {
 		if (project.hasProperty(BASELINE_VERSION_PROPERTY) && project.equals(project.getRootProject())) {
@@ -71,24 +63,16 @@ public class ApiDiffPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {

 	private void applyApiDiffConventions(Project project) {
 		String baselineVersion = project.property(BASELINE_VERSION_PROPERTY).toString();
-		project.subprojects(subProject -> {
-			if (subProject.getName().startsWith("spring-")) {
-				createApiDiffTask(baselineVersion, subProject);
-			}
-		});
+		project.subprojects(subProject -> createApiDiffTask(baselineVersion, subProject));
 	}

 	private void createApiDiffTask(String baselineVersion, Project project) {
 		if (isProjectEligible(project)) {
-			// Add Spring Milestone repository for generating diffs against previous milestones
-			project.getRootProject()
-					.getRepositories()
-					.maven(mavenArtifactRepository -> mavenArtifactRepository.setUrl(SPRING_MILESTONE_REPOSITORY));
 			JapicmpTask apiDiff = project.getTasks().create(TASK_NAME, JapicmpTask.class);
 			apiDiff.setDescription("Generates an API diff report with japicmp");
 			apiDiff.setGroup(JavaBasePlugin.DOCUMENTATION_GROUP);

-			apiDiff.setOldClasspath(createBaselineConfiguration(baselineVersion, project));
+			apiDiff.setOldClasspath(project.files(createBaselineConfiguration(baselineVersion, project)));
 			TaskProvider<Jar> jar = project.getTasks().withType(Jar.class).named("jar");
 			apiDiff.setNewArchives(project.getLayout().files(jar.get().getArchiveFile().get().getAsFile()));
 			apiDiff.setNewClasspath(getRuntimeClassPath(project));
@@ -114,16 +98,7 @@ public class ApiDiffPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
 		String baseline = String.join(":",
 				project.getGroup().toString(), project.getName(), baselineVersion);
 		Dependency baselineDependency = project.getDependencies().create(baseline + "@jar");
-		Configuration baselineConfiguration = project.getRootProject().getConfigurations().detachedConfiguration(baselineDependency);
-		try {
-			// eagerly resolve the baseline configuration to check whether this is a new Spring module
-			baselineConfiguration.resolve();
-			return baselineConfiguration;
-		}
-		catch (GradleException exception) {
-			logger.warn("Could not resolve {} - assuming this is a new Spring module.", baseline);
-		}
-		return project.getRootProject().getConfigurations().detachedConfiguration();
+		return project.getRootProject().getConfigurations().detachedConfiguration(baselineDependency);
 	}

 	private Configuration getRuntimeClassPath(Project project) {
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2021 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 * limitations under the License.
 */

-package org.springframework.build;
+package org.springframework.build.compile;

 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -22,8 +22,9 @@ import java.util.List;

 import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
 import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
+import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaLibraryPlugin;
 import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
+import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginConvention;
 import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.JavaCompile;

 /**
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.JavaCompile;
 * @author Sam Brannen
 * @author Sebastien Deleuze
 */
-public class JavaConventions {
+public class CompilerConventionsPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {

 	private static final List<String> COMPILER_ARGS;

@@ -58,8 +59,9 @@ public class JavaConventions {
 				"-Xlint:-deprecation", "-Xlint:-unchecked"));
 	}

+	@Override
 	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, javaPlugin -> applyJavaCompileConventions(project));
+		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaLibraryPlugin.class, javaPlugin -> applyJavaCompileConventions(project));
 	}

 	/**
@@ -68,6 +70,7 @@ public class JavaConventions {
 	 * @param project the current project
 	 */
 	private void applyJavaCompileConventions(Project project) {
+		JavaPluginConvention java = project.getConvention().getPlugin(JavaPluginConvention.class);
 		project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
 				.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().equals(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_JAVA_TASK_NAME))
 				.forEach(compileTask -> {
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.hint;
-
-import java.util.Collections;
-
-import org.gradle.api.model.ObjectFactory;
-import org.gradle.api.provider.SetProperty;
-
-/**
- * Entry point to the DSL extension for the {@link RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin} Gradle plugin.
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class RuntimeHintsAgentExtension {
-
-	private final SetProperty<String> includedPackages;
-
-	private final SetProperty<String> excludedPackages;
-
-	public RuntimeHintsAgentExtension(ObjectFactory objectFactory) {
-		this.includedPackages = objectFactory.setProperty(String.class).convention(Collections.singleton("org.springframework"));
-		this.excludedPackages = objectFactory.setProperty(String.class).convention(Collections.emptySet());
-	}
-
-	public SetProperty<String> getIncludedPackages() {
-		return this.includedPackages;
-	}
-
-	public SetProperty<String> getExcludedPackages() {
-		return this.excludedPackages;
-	}
-
-	String asJavaAgentArgument() {
-		StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
-		this.includedPackages.get().forEach(packageName -> builder.append('+').append(packageName).append(','));
-		this.excludedPackages.get().forEach(packageName -> builder.append('-').append(packageName).append(','));
-		return builder.toString();
-	}
-}
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.hint;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.bundling.Jar;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
-
-/**
- * {@link Plugin} that configures the {@code RuntimeHints} Java agent to test tasks.
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	public static final String RUNTIMEHINTS_TEST_TASK = "runtimeHintsTest";
-	private static final String EXTENSION_NAME = "runtimeHintsAgent";
-
-
-	@Override
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaPlugin.class, javaPlugin -> {
-			RuntimeHintsAgentExtension agentExtension = project.getExtensions().create(EXTENSION_NAME,
-					RuntimeHintsAgentExtension.class, project.getObjects());
-			Test agentTest = project.getTasks().create(RUNTIMEHINTS_TEST_TASK, Test.class, test -> {
-				test.useJUnitPlatform(options -> {
-					options.includeTags("RuntimeHintsTests");
-				});
-				test.include("**/*Tests.class", "**/*Test.class");
-				test.systemProperty("java.awt.headless", "true");
-			});
-			project.afterEvaluate(p -> {
-				Jar jar = project.getRootProject().project("spring-core-test").getTasks().withType(Jar.class).named("jar").get();
-				agentTest.jvmArgs("-javaagent:" + jar.getArchiveFile().get().getAsFile() + "=" + agentExtension.asJavaAgentArgument());
-			});
-			project.getTasks().getByName("check", task -> task.dependsOn(agentTest));
-		});
-	}
-}
@@ -19,9 +19,12 @@ package org.springframework.build.optional;
 import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
 import org.gradle.api.Project;
 import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
+import org.gradle.api.attributes.Usage;
 import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginExtension;
+import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginConvention;
 import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSetContainer;
+import org.gradle.plugins.ide.eclipse.EclipsePlugin;
+import org.gradle.plugins.ide.eclipse.model.EclipseModel;

 /**
 * A {@code Plugin} that adds support for Maven-style optional dependencies. Creates a new
@@ -44,7 +47,7 @@ public class OptionalDependenciesPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
 		optional.setCanBeConsumed(false);
 		optional.setCanBeResolved(false);
 		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaPlugin.class, (javaPlugin) -> {
-			SourceSetContainer sourceSets = project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class)
+			SourceSetContainer sourceSets = project.getConvention().getPlugin(JavaPluginConvention.class)
 					.getSourceSets();
 			sourceSets.all((sourceSet) -> {
 				project.getConfigurations().getByName(sourceSet.getCompileClasspathConfigurationName()).extendsFrom(optional);
@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-package org.springframework.build.shadow;
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-import org.gradle.api.DefaultTask;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.component.ModuleComponentSelector;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.query.ArtifactResolutionQuery;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ArtifactResolutionResult;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ComponentArtifactsResult;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.DependencyResult;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ResolutionResult;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ResolvedArtifactResult;
-import org.gradle.api.file.DirectoryProperty;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileCopyDetails;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileTree;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Classpath;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Input;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Nested;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Optional;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.OutputDirectory;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskAction;
-import org.gradle.jvm.JvmLibrary;
-import org.gradle.language.base.artifact.SourcesArtifact;
-
-/**
- * Gradle task to add source from shadowed jars into our own source jars.
- *
- * @author Phillip Webb
- * @author Andy Wilkinson
- */
-public class ShadowSource extends DefaultTask {
-
-	private final DirectoryProperty outputDirectory = getProject().getObjects().directoryProperty();
-
-	private List<Configuration> configurations = new ArrayList<>();
-
-	private final List<Relocation> relocations = new ArrayList<>();
-
-
-	@Classpath
-	@Optional
-	public List<Configuration> getConfigurations() {
-		return this.configurations;
-	}
-
-	public void setConfigurations(List<Configuration> configurations) {
-		this.configurations = configurations;
-	}
-
-	@Nested
-	public List<Relocation> getRelocations() {
-		return this.relocations;
-	}
-
-	public void relocate(String pattern, String destination) {
-		this.relocations.add(new Relocation(pattern, destination));
-	}
-
-	@OutputDirectory
-	DirectoryProperty getOutputDirectory() {
-		return this.outputDirectory;
-	}
-
-	@TaskAction
-	void syncSourceJarFiles() {
-		sync(getSourceJarFiles());
-	}
-
-	private List<File> getSourceJarFiles() {
-		List<File> sourceJarFiles = new ArrayList<>();
-		for (Configuration configuration : this.configurations) {
-			ResolutionResult resolutionResult = configuration.getIncoming().getResolutionResult();
-			resolutionResult.getRootComponent().get().getDependencies().forEach(dependency -> {
-				Set<ComponentArtifactsResult> artifactsResults = resolveSourceArtifacts(dependency);
-				for (ComponentArtifactsResult artifactResult : artifactsResults) {
-					artifactResult.getArtifacts(SourcesArtifact.class).forEach(sourceArtifact -> {
-						sourceJarFiles.add(((ResolvedArtifactResult) sourceArtifact).getFile());
-					});
-				}
-			});
-		}
-		return Collections.unmodifiableList(sourceJarFiles);
-	}
-
-	private Set<ComponentArtifactsResult> resolveSourceArtifacts(DependencyResult dependency) {
-		ModuleComponentSelector componentSelector = (ModuleComponentSelector) dependency.getRequested();
-		ArtifactResolutionQuery query = getProject().getDependencies().createArtifactResolutionQuery()
-				.forModule(componentSelector.getGroup(), componentSelector.getModule(), componentSelector.getVersion());
-		return executeQuery(query).getResolvedComponents();
-	}
-
-	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-	private ArtifactResolutionResult executeQuery(ArtifactResolutionQuery query) {
-		return query.withArtifacts(JvmLibrary.class, SourcesArtifact.class).execute();
-	}
-
-	private void sync(List<File> sourceJarFiles) {
-		getProject().sync(spec -> {
-			spec.into(this.outputDirectory);
-			spec.eachFile(this::relocateFile);
-			spec.filter(this::transformContent);
-			spec.exclude("META-INF/**");
-			spec.setIncludeEmptyDirs(false);
-			sourceJarFiles.forEach(sourceJar -> spec.from(zipTree(sourceJar)));
-		});
-	}
-
-	private void relocateFile(FileCopyDetails details) {
-		String path = details.getPath();
-		for (Relocation relocation : this.relocations) {
-			path = relocation.relocatePath(path);
-		}
-		details.setPath(path);
-	}
-
-	private String transformContent(String content) {
-		for (Relocation relocation : this.relocations) {
-			content = relocation.transformContent(content);
-		}
-		return content;
-	}
-
-	private FileTree zipTree(File sourceJar) {
-		return getProject().zipTree(sourceJar);
-	}
-
-
-	/**
-	 * A single relocation.
-	 */
-	static class Relocation {
-
-		private final String pattern;
-
-		private final String pathPattern;
-
-		private final String destination;
-
-		private final String pathDestination;
-
-
-		Relocation(String pattern, String destination) {
-			this.pattern = pattern;
-			this.pathPattern = pattern.replace('.', '/');
-			this.destination = destination;
-			this.pathDestination = destination.replace('.', '/');
-		}
-
-
-		@Input
-		public String getPattern() {
-			return this.pattern;
-		}
-
-		@Input
-		public String getDestination() {
-			return this.destination;
-		}
-
-		String relocatePath(String path) {
-			return path.replace(this.pathPattern, this.pathDestination);
-		}
-
-		public String transformContent(String content) {
-			return content.replaceAll("\\b" + this.pattern, this.destination);
-		}
-
-	}
-
-}
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@

 The Spring Framework uses https://concourse-ci.org/[Concourse] for its CI build and other automated tasks.
 The Spring team has a dedicated Concourse instance available at https://ci.spring.io with a build pipeline
-for https://ci.spring.io/teams/spring-framework/pipelines/spring-framework-6.0.x[Spring Framework 6.0.x].
+for https://ci.spring.io/teams/spring-framework/pipelines/spring-framework-5.3.x[Spring Framework 5.3.x].

 === Setting up your development environment

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ The pipeline can be deployed using the following command:

 [source]
 ----
-$ fly -t spring set-pipeline -p spring-framework-6.0.x -c ci/pipeline.yml -l ci/parameters.yml
+$ fly -t spring set-pipeline -p spring-framework-5.3.x -c ci/pipeline.yml -l ci/parameters.yml
 ----

 NOTE: This assumes that you have credhub integration configured with the appropriate secrets.
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ changelog:
        - "type: dependency-upgrade"
  contributors:
    exclude:
-      names: ["bclozel", "jhoeller", "poutsma", "rstoyanchev", "sbrannen", "sdeleuze", "snicoll", "simonbasle"]
+      names: ["bclozel", "jhoeller", "poutsma", "rstoyanchev", "sbrannen", "sdeleuze", "snicoll"]
@@ -2,10 +2,9 @@ FROM ubuntu:focal-20220922

 ADD setup.sh /setup.sh
 ADD get-jdk-url.sh /get-jdk-url.sh
-RUN ./setup.sh
+RUN ./setup.sh java8

-ENV JAVA_HOME /opt/openjdk/java17
+ENV JAVA_HOME /opt/openjdk/java8
 ENV JDK17 /opt/openjdk/java17
-ENV JDK19 /opt/openjdk/java19

 ENV PATH $JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 set -e

 case "$1" in
-	java17)
-		echo "https://github.com/bell-sw/Liberica/releases/download/17.0.6+10/bellsoft-jdk17.0.6+10-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
+	java8)
+		 echo "https://github.com/bell-sw/Liberica/releases/download/8u345+1/bellsoft-jdk8u345+1-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
 	;;
-	java19)
-		echo "https://github.com/bell-sw/Liberica/releases/download/19.0.2+9/bellsoft-jdk19.0.2+9-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
+	java17)
+		echo "https://github.com/bell-sw/Liberica/releases/download/17.0.4+8/bellsoft-jdk17.0.4+8-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
 	;;
 	*)
 		echo $"Unknown java version"
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-io/concourse-java-scripts/v0.0.4/c

 mkdir -p /opt/openjdk
 pushd /opt/openjdk > /dev/null
-for jdk in java17 java19
+for jdk in java8 java17
 do
  JDK_URL=$( /get-jdk-url.sh $jdk )
  mkdir $jdk
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ github-repo-name: "spring-projects/spring-framework"
 sonatype-staging-profile: "org.springframework"
 docker-hub-organization: "springci"
 artifactory-server: "https://repo.spring.io"
-branch: "main"
-milestone: "6.0.x"
+branch: "5.3.x"
+milestone: "5.3.x"
 build-name: "spring-framework"
 pipeline-name: "spring-framework"
 concourse-url: "https://ci.spring.io"
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ resource_types:
  source:
    <<: *docker-resource-source
    repository: concourse/registry-image-resource
-    tag: 1.5.0
+    tag: 1.7.1
 - name: artifactory-resource
  type: registry-image
  source:
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ resource_types:
  source:
    <<: *docker-resource-source
    repository: concourse/github-release-resource
-    tag: 1.5.5
+    tag: 1.8.0
 - name: github-status-resource
  type: registry-image
  source:
@@ -82,6 +82,13 @@ resources:
  icon: github
  source:
    <<: *git-repo-resource-source
+- name: every-morning
+  type: time
+  icon: alarm
+  source:
+    start: 8:00 AM
+    stop: 9:00 AM
+    location: Europe/Vienna
 - name: ci-images-git-repo
  type: git
  icon: github
@@ -96,13 +103,6 @@ resources:
    <<: *docker-resource-source
    repository: ((docker-hub-organization))/spring-framework-ci
    tag: ((milestone))
- name: every-morning
-  type: time
-  icon: alarm
-  source:
-    start: 8:00 AM
-    stop: 9:00 AM
-    location: Europe/Vienna
 - name: artifactory-repo
  type: artifactory-resource
  icon: package-variant
@@ -127,14 +127,14 @@ resources:
    access_token: ((github-ci-status-token))
    branch: ((branch))
    context: build
- name: repo-status-jdk19-build
+- name: repo-status-jdk17-build
  type: github-status-resource
  icon: eye-check-outline
  source:
    repository: ((github-repo-name))
    access_token: ((github-ci-status-token))
    branch: ((branch))
-    context: jdk19-build
+    context: jdk17-build
 - name: slack-alert
  type: slack-notification
  icon: slack
@@ -212,26 +212,26 @@ jobs:
      threads: 8
      artifact_set:
      - include:
-        - "/**/framework-docs-*.zip"
+        - "/**/spring-*.zip"
        properties:
          "zip.name": "spring-framework"
          "zip.displayname": "Spring Framework"
          "zip.deployed": "false"
      - include:
-        - "/**/framework-docs-*-docs.zip"
+        - "/**/spring-*-docs.zip"
        properties:
          "zip.type": "docs"
      - include:
-        - "/**/framework-docs-*-dist.zip"
+        - "/**/spring-*-dist.zip"
        properties:
          "zip.type": "dist"
      - include:
-        - "/**/framework-docs-*-schema.zip"
+        - "/**/spring-*-schema.zip"
        properties:
          "zip.type": "schema"
    get_params:
      threads: 8
- name: jdk19-build
+- name: jdk17-build
  serial: true
  public: true
  plan:
@@ -239,25 +239,25 @@ jobs:
    - get: git-repo
    - get: every-morning
      trigger: true
-    - put: repo-status-jdk19-build
+    - put: repo-status-jdk17-build
      params: { state: "pending", commit: "git-repo" }
    - do:
-        - task: check-project
-          image: ci-image
-          file: git-repo/ci/tasks/check-project.yml
-          privileged: true
-          timeout: ((task-timeout))
-          params:
-            TEST_TOOLCHAIN: 19
-            <<: *build-project-task-params
+      - task: check-project
+        image: ci-image
+        file: git-repo/ci/tasks/check-project.yml
+        privileged: true
+        timeout: ((task-timeout))
+        params:
+          TEST_TOOLCHAIN: 17
+          <<: *build-project-task-params
      on_failure:
        do:
-          - put: repo-status-jdk19-build
+          - put: repo-status-jdk17-build
            params: { state: "failure", commit: "git-repo" }
          - put: slack-alert
            params:
              <<: *slack-fail-params
-    - put: repo-status-jdk19-build
+    - put: repo-status-jdk17-build
      params: { state: "success", commit: "git-repo" }
 - name: build-pull-requests
  serial: true
@@ -331,7 +331,6 @@ jobs:
      params:
        RELEASE_TYPE: M
        <<: *github-task-params
-        <<: *docker-resource-source
    - put: github-pre-release
      params:
        <<: *changelog-task-params
@@ -370,7 +369,6 @@ jobs:
      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/promote-version.yml
      params:
        RELEASE_TYPE: RC
-        <<: *docker-resource-source
        <<: *artifactory-task-params
    - task: generate-changelog
      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/generate-changelog.yml
@@ -415,7 +413,6 @@ jobs:
      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/promote-version.yml
      params:
        RELEASE_TYPE: RELEASE
-        <<: *docker-resource-source
        <<: *artifactory-task-params
        <<: *sonatype-task-params
 - name: create-github-release
@@ -433,7 +430,6 @@ jobs:
      file: git-repo/ci/tasks/generate-changelog.yml
      params:
        RELEASE_TYPE: RELEASE
-        <<: *docker-resource-source
        <<: *github-task-params
    - put: github-release
      params:
@@ -441,7 +437,7 @@ jobs:

 groups:
 - name: "builds"
-  jobs: ["build", "jdk19-build"]
+  jobs: ["build", "jdk17-build"]
 - name: "releases"
  jobs: ["stage-milestone", "stage-rc", "stage-release", "promote-milestone", "promote-rc", "promote-release", "create-github-release"]
 - name: "ci-images"
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ set -e
 source $(dirname $0)/common.sh

 pushd git-repo > /dev/null
-./gradlew -Dorg.gradle.internal.launcher.welcomeMessageEnabled=false -Porg.gradle.java.installations.fromEnv=JDK17,JDK19 \
+./gradlew -Dorg.gradle.internal.launcher.welcomeMessageEnabled=false -Porg.gradle.java.installations.fromEnv=JDK17 \
  -PmainToolchain=${MAIN_TOOLCHAIN} -PtestToolchain=${TEST_TOOLCHAIN} --no-daemon --max-workers=4 check
 popd > /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/bash

+source $(dirname $0)/common.sh
 CONFIG_DIR=git-repo/ci/config

 version=$( cat artifactory-repo/build-info.json | jq -r '.buildInfo.modules[0].id' | sed 's/.*:.*:\(.*\)/\1/' )
@@ -26,5 +26,4 @@ run:
      cat > /root/.docker/config.json <<EOF
      { "auths": { "https://index.docker.io/v1/": { "auth": "$DOCKER_HUB_AUTH" }}}
      EOF
-      build
-
+      build
@@ -4,9 +4,7 @@ image_resource:
  type: registry-image
  source:
    repository: springio/github-changelog-generator
-    tag: '0.0.8'
-    username: ((docker-hub-username))
-    password: ((docker-hub-password))
+    tag: '0.0.7'
 inputs:
 - name: git-repo
 - name: artifactory-repo
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ image_resource:
  source:
    repository: springio/concourse-release-scripts
    tag: '0.3.4'
-    username: ((docker-hub-username))
-    password: ((docker-hub-password))
 inputs:
 - name: git-repo
 - name: artifactory-repo
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-// Spring Portfolio
-:docs-site:                     https://docs.spring.io
-:docs-spring-boot:              {docs-site}/spring-boot/docs/current/reference
-:docs-spring-gemfire:           {docs-site}/spring-gemfire/docs/current/reference
-:docs-spring-security:          {docs-site}/spring-security/reference
-// spring-asciidoctor-backends Settings
-:chomp:                         default headers packages
-:fold:                          all
-// Spring Framework
-:docs-spring-framework:         {docs-site}/spring-framework/docs/{spring-version}
-:api-spring-framework:          {docs-spring-framework}/javadoc-api/org/springframework
-:docs-java:                     {docdir}/../../main/java/org/springframework/docs
-:docs-kotlin:                   {docdir}/../../main/kotlin/org/springframework/docs
-:docs-resources:                {docdir}/../../main/resources
-:spring-framework-main-code:    https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/tree/main
-// Third-party Links
-:docs-graalvm:                  https://www.graalvm.org/22.3/reference-manual
-:gh-rsocket:                    https://github.com/rsocket
-:gh-rsocket-extensions:         {gh-rsocket}/rsocket/blob/master/Extensions
-:gh-rsocket-java:               {gh-rsocket}/rsocket-java
@@ -1,309 +0,0 @@
-[[core.aot]]
-= Ahead of Time Optimizations
-
-This chapter covers Spring's Ahead of Time (AOT) optimizations.
-
-For AOT support specific to integration tests, see <<testing.adoc#testcontext-aot, Ahead of Time Support for Tests>>.
-
-[[core.aot.introduction]]
-== Introduction to Ahead of Time Optimizations
-
-Spring's support for AOT optimizations is meant to inspect an `ApplicationContext` at build time and apply decisions and discovery logic that usually happens at runtime.
-Doing so allows building an application startup arrangement that is more straightforward and focused on a fixed set of features based mainly on the classpath and the `Environment`.
-
-Applying such optimizations early implies the following restrictions:
-
-* The classpath is fixed and fully defined at build time.
-* The beans defined in your application cannot change at runtime, meaning:
-** `@Profile`, in particular profile-specific configuration needs to be chosen at build time.
-** `Environment` properties that impact the presence of a bean (`@Conditional`) are only considered at build time.
-* Bean definitions with instance suppliers (lambdas or method references) cannot be transformed ahead-of-time (see related https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/29555[spring-framework#29555] issue).
-* The return type of methods annotated with `@Bean` should be the most specific type possible (typically the concrete class, not an interface) in order to support proper type inference without invoking the corresponding `@Bean` method at build time.
-
-When these restrictions are in place, it becomes possible to perform ahead-of-time processing at build time and generate additional assets.
-A Spring AOT processed application typically generates:
-
-* Java source code
-* Bytecode (usually for dynamic proxies)
-* {api-spring-framework}/aot/hint/RuntimeHints.html[`RuntimeHints`] for the use of reflection, resource loading, serialization, and JDK proxies.
-
-NOTE: At the moment, AOT is focused on allowing Spring applications to be deployed as native images using GraalVM.
-We intend to support more JVM-based use cases in future generations.
-
-[[core.aot.basics]]
-== AOT engine overview
-
-The entry point of the AOT engine for processing an `ApplicationContext` arrangement is `ApplicationContextAotGenerator`. It takes care of the following steps, based on a `GenericApplicationContext` that represents the application to optimize and a {api-spring-framework}/aot/generate/GenerationContext.html[`GenerationContext`]:
-
-* Refresh an `ApplicationContext` for AOT processing. Contrary to a traditional refresh, this version only creates bean definitions, not bean instances.
-* Invoke the available `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` implementations and apply their contributions against the `GenerationContext`.
-For instance, a core implementation iterates over all candidate bean definitions and generates the necessary code to restore the state of the `BeanFactory`.
-
-Once this process completes, the `GenerationContext` will have been updated with the generated code, resources, and classes that are necessary for the application to run.
-The `RuntimeHints` instance can also be used to generate the relevant GraalVM native image configuration files.
-
-`ApplicationContextAotGenerator#processAheadOfTime` returns the class name of the `ApplicationContextInitializer` entry point that allows the context to be started with AOT optimizations.
-
-Those steps are covered in greater detail in the sections below.
-
-[[core.aot.refresh]]
-== Refresh for AOT Processing
-
-Refresh for AOT processing is supported on all `GenericApplicationContext` implementations.
-An application context is created with any number of entry points, usually in the form of `@Configuration`-annotated classes.
-
-Let's look at a basic example:
-
-include::code:AotProcessingSample[tag=myapplication]
-
-Starting this application with the regular runtime involves a number of steps including classpath scanning, configuration class parsing, bean instantiation, and lifecycle callback handling.
-Refresh for AOT processing only applies a subset of what happens with a <<beans-introduction,regular `refresh`>>.
-AOT processing can be triggered as follows:
-
-include::code:AotProcessingSample[tag=aotcontext]
-
-In this mode, <<beans-factory-extension-factory-postprocessors,`BeanFactoryPostProcessor` implementations>> are invoked as usual.
-This includes configuration class parsing, import selectors, classpath scanning, etc.
-Such steps make sure that the `BeanRegistry` contains the relevant bean definitions for the application.
-If bean definitions are guarded by conditions (such as `@Profile`), these are discarded at this stage.
-
-Because this mode does not actually create bean instances, `BeanPostProcessor` implementations are not invoked, except for specific variants that are relevant for AOT processing.
-These are:
-
-* `MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor` implementations post-process bean definitions to extract additional settings, such as `init` and `destroy` methods.
-* `SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor` implementations determine a more precise bean type if necessary.
-This makes sure to create any proxy that will be required at runtime.
-
-Once this part completes, the `BeanFactory` contains the bean definitions that are necessary for the application to run. It does not trigger bean instantiation but allows the AOT engine to inspect the beans that will be created at runtime.
-
-[[core.aot.bean-factory-initialization-contributions]]
-== Bean Factory Initialization AOT Contributions
-
-Components that want to participate in this step can implement the {api-spring-framework}/beans/factory/aot/BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor.html[`BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor`] interface.
-Each implementation can return an AOT contribution, based on the state of the bean factory.
-
-An AOT contribution is a component that contributes generated code that reproduces a particular behavior.
-It can also contribute `RuntimeHints` to indicate the need for reflection, resource loading, serialization, or JDK proxies.
-
-A `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` implementation can be registered in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` with a key equal to the fully qualified name of the interface.
-
-A `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` can also be implemented directly by a bean.
-In this mode, the bean provides an AOT contribution equivalent to the feature it provides with a regular runtime.
-Consequently, such a bean is automatically excluded from the AOT-optimized context.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-If a bean implements the `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` interface, the bean and **all** of its dependencies will be initialized during AOT processing.
-We generally recommend that this interface is only implemented by infrastructure beans such as `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` which have limited dependencies and are already initialized early in the bean factory lifecycle.
-If such a bean is registered using an `@Bean` factory method, ensure the method is `static` so that its enclosing `@Configuration` class does not have to be initialized.
-====
-
-
-[[core.aot.bean-registration-contributions]]
-=== Bean Registration AOT Contributions
-
-A core `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` implementation is responsible for collecting the necessary contributions for each candidate `BeanDefinition`.
-It does so using a dedicated `BeanRegistrationAotProcessor`.
-
-This interface is used as follows:
-
-* Implemented by a `BeanPostProcessor` bean, to replace its runtime behavior.
-For instance <<beans-factory-extension-bpp-examples-aabpp,`AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor`>> implements this interface to generate code that injects members annotated with `@Autowired`.
-* Implemented by a type registered in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` with a key equal to the fully qualified name of the interface.
-Typically used when the bean definition needs to be tuned for specific features of the core framework.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-If a bean implements the `BeanRegistrationAotProcessor` interface, the bean and **all** of its dependencies will be initialized during AOT processing.
-We generally recommend that this interface is only implemented by infrastructure beans such as `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` which have limited dependencies and are already initialized early in the bean factory lifecycle.
-If such a bean is registered using an `@Bean` factory method, ensure the method is `static` so that its enclosing `@Configuration` class does not have to be initialized.
-====
-
-If no `BeanRegistrationAotProcessor` handles a particular registered bean, a default implementation processes it.
-This is the default behavior, since tuning the generated code for a bean definition should be restricted to corner cases.
-
-Taking our previous example, let's assume that `DataSourceConfiguration` is as follows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
-	public class DataSourceConfiguration {
-
-		@Bean
-		public SimpleDataSource dataSource() {
-			return new SimpleDataSource();
-		}
-
-	}
----
-
-Since there isn't any particular condition on this class, `dataSourceConfiguration` and `dataSource` are identified as candidates.
-The AOT engine will convert the configuration class above to code similar to the following:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	/**
-	 * Bean definitions for {@link DataSourceConfiguration}
-	 */
-	public class DataSourceConfiguration__BeanDefinitions {
-		/**
-		 * Get the bean definition for 'dataSourceConfiguration'
-		 */
-		public static BeanDefinition getDataSourceConfigurationBeanDefinition() {
-			Class<?> beanType = DataSourceConfiguration.class;
-			RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(beanType);
-			beanDefinition.setInstanceSupplier(DataSourceConfiguration::new);
-			return beanDefinition;
-		}
-
-		/**
-		 * Get the bean instance supplier for 'dataSource'.
-		 */
-		private static BeanInstanceSupplier<SimpleDataSource> getDataSourceInstanceSupplier() {
-			return BeanInstanceSupplier.<SimpleDataSource>forFactoryMethod(DataSourceConfiguration.class, "dataSource")
-					.withGenerator((registeredBean) -> registeredBean.getBeanFactory().getBean(DataSourceConfiguration.class).dataSource());
-		}
-
-		/**
-		 * Get the bean definition for 'dataSource'
-		 */
-		public static BeanDefinition getDataSourceBeanDefinition() {
-			Class<?> beanType = SimpleDataSource.class;
-			RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(beanType);
-			beanDefinition.setInstanceSupplier(getDataSourceInstanceSupplier());
-			return beanDefinition;
-		}
-	}
----
-
-NOTE: The exact code generated may differ depending on the exact nature of your bean definitions.
-
-The generated code above creates bean definitions equivalent to the `@Configuration` class, but in a direct way and without the use of reflection if at all possible.
-There is a bean definition for `dataSourceConfiguration` and one for `dataSourceBean`.
-When a `datasource` instance is required, a `BeanInstanceSupplier` is called.
-This supplier invokes the `dataSource()` method on the `dataSourceConfiguration` bean.
-
-
-[[core.aot.hints]]
-== Runtime Hints
-
-Running an application as a native image requires additional information compared to a regular JVM runtime.
-For instance, GraalVM needs to know ahead of time if a component uses reflection.
-Similarly, classpath resources are not shipped in a native image unless specified explicitly.
-Consequently, if the application needs to load a resource, it must be referenced from the corresponding GraalVM native image configuration file.
-
-The {api-spring-framework}/aot/hint/RuntimeHints.html[`RuntimeHints`] API collects the need for reflection, resource loading, serialization, and JDK proxies at runtime.
-The following example makes sure that `config/app.properties` can be loaded from the classpath at runtime within a native image:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	runtimeHints.resources().registerPattern("config/app.properties");
----
-
-A number of contracts are handled automatically during AOT processing.
-For instance, the return type of a `@Controller` method is inspected, and relevant reflection hints are added if Spring detects that the type should be serialized (typically to JSON).
-
-For cases that the core container cannot infer, you can register such hints programmatically.
-A number of convenient annotations are also provided for common use cases.
-
-
-[[core.aot.hints.import-runtime-hints]]
-=== `@ImportRuntimeHints`
-
-`RuntimeHintsRegistrar` implementations allow you to get a callback to the `RuntimeHints` instance managed by the AOT engine.
-Implementations of this interface can be registered using `@ImportRuntimeHints` on any Spring bean or `@Bean` factory method.
-`RuntimeHintsRegistrar` implementations are detected and invoked at build time.
-
-include::code:SpellCheckService[]
-
-If at all possible, `@ImportRuntimeHints` should be used as close as possible to the component that requires the hints.
-This way, if the component is not contributed to the `BeanFactory`, the hints won't be contributed either.
-
-It is also possible to register an implementation statically by adding an entry in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` with a key equal to the fully qualified name of the `RuntimeHintsRegistrar` interface.
-
-
-[[core.aot.hints.reflective]]
-=== `@Reflective`
-
-{api-spring-framework}/aot/hint/annotation/Reflective.html[`@Reflective`] provides an idiomatic way to flag the need for reflection on an annotated element.
-For instance, `@EventListener` is meta-annotated with `@Reflective` since the underlying implementation invokes the annotated method using reflection.
-
-By default, only Spring beans are considered and an invocation hint is registered for the annotated element.
-This can be tuned by specifying a custom `ReflectiveProcessor` implementation via the
-`@Reflective` annotation.
-
-Library authors can reuse this annotation for their own purposes.
-If components other than Spring beans need to be processed, a `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` can detect the relevant types and use `ReflectiveRuntimeHintsRegistrar` to process them.
-
-
-[[core.aot.hints.register-reflection-for-binding]]
-=== `@RegisterReflectionForBinding`
-
-{api-spring-framework}/aot/hint/annotation/RegisterReflectionForBinding.html[`@RegisterReflectionForBinding`] is a specialization of `@Reflective` that registers the need for serializing arbitrary types.
-A typical use case is the use of DTOs that the container cannot infer, such as using a web client within a method body.
-
-`@RegisterReflectionForBinding` can be applied to any Spring bean at the class level, but it can also be applied directly to a method, field, or constructor to better indicate where the hints are actually required.
-The following example registers `Account` for serialization.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	@Component
-	public class OrderService {
-
-		@RegisterReflectionForBinding(Account.class)
-		public void process(Order order) {
-			// ...
-		}
-
-	}
----
-
-[[core.aot.hints.testing]]
-=== Testing Runtime Hints
-
-Spring Core also ships `RuntimeHintsPredicates`, a utility for checking that existing hints match a particular use case.
-This can be used in your own tests to validate that a `RuntimeHintsRegistrar` contains the expected results.
-We can write a test for our `SpellCheckService` and ensure that we will be able to load a dictionary at runtime:
-
-include::code:SpellCheckServiceTests[tag=hintspredicates]
-
-With `RuntimeHintsPredicates`, we can check for reflection, resource, serialization, or proxy generation hints.
-This approach works well for unit tests but implies that the runtime behavior of a component is well known.
-
-You can learn more about the global runtime behavior of an application by running its test suite (or the app itself) with the {docs-graalvm}/native-image/metadata/AutomaticMetadataCollection/[GraalVM tracing agent].
-This agent will record all relevant calls requiring GraalVM hints at runtime and write them out as JSON configuration files.
-
-For more targeted discovery and testing, Spring Framework ships a dedicated module with core AOT testing utilities, `"org.springframework:spring-core-test"`.
-This module contains the RuntimeHints Agent, a Java agent that records all method invocations that are related to runtime hints and helps you to assert that a given `RuntimeHints` instance covers all recorded invocations.
-Let's consider a piece of infrastructure for which we'd like to test the hints we're contributing during the AOT processing phase.
-
-include::code:SampleReflection[]
-
-We can then write a unit test (no native compilation required) that checks our contributed hints:
-
-include::code:SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests[]
-
-If you forgot to contribute a hint, the test will fail and provide some details about the invocation:
-
-[source,txt,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-org.springframework.docs.core.aot.hints.testing.SampleReflection performReflection
-INFO: Spring version:6.0.0-SNAPSHOT
-
-Missing <"ReflectionHints"> for invocation <java.lang.Class#forName>
-with arguments ["org.springframework.core.SpringVersion",
-    false,
-    jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader@251a69d7].
-Stacktrace:
-<"org.springframework.util.ClassUtils#forName, Line 284
-io.spring.runtimehintstesting.SampleReflection#performReflection, Line 19
-io.spring.runtimehintstesting.SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests#lambda$shouldRegisterReflectionHints$0, Line 25
----
-
-There are various ways to configure this Java agent in your build, so please refer to the documentation of your build tool and test execution plugin.
-The agent itself can be configured to instrument specific packages (by default, only `org.springframework` is instrumented).
-You'll find more details in the {spring-framework-main-code}/buildSrc/README.md[Spring Framework `buildSrc` README] file.
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-[[spring-integration]]
-= Integration
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-include::page-layout.adoc[]
-
-This part of the reference documentation covers Spring Framework's integration with
-a number of technologies.
-
-include::integration/rest-clients.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::integration/jms.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::integration/jmx.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::integration/email.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::integration/scheduling.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::integration/cache.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::integration/observability.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::integration/integration-appendix.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
@@ -1,303 +0,0 @@
-[[mail]]
-= Email
-
-This section describes how to send email with the Spring Framework.
-
-.Library dependencies
-****
-The following JAR needs to be on the classpath of your application in order to use the
-Spring Framework's email support:
-
-* The https://jakartaee.github.io/mail-api/[Jakarta Mail] library
-
-This library is freely available on the web -- for example, in Maven Central as
-`com.sun.mail:jakarta.mail`. Please make sure to use the latest 2.x version (which uses
-the `jakarta.mail` package namespace) rather than Jakarta Mail 1.6.x (which uses the
-`javax.mail` package namespace).
-****
-
-The Spring Framework provides a helpful utility library for sending email that shields
-you from the specifics of the underlying mailing system and is responsible for
-low-level resource handling on behalf of the client.
-
-The `org.springframework.mail` package is the root level package for the Spring
-Framework's email support. The central interface for sending emails is the `MailSender`
-interface. A simple value object that encapsulates the properties of a simple mail such
-as `from` and `to` (plus many others) is the `SimpleMailMessage` class. This package
-also contains a hierarchy of checked exceptions that provide a higher level of
-abstraction over the lower level mail system exceptions, with the root exception being
-`MailException`. See the {api-spring-framework}/mail/MailException.html[javadoc]
-for more information on the rich mail exception hierarchy.
-
-The `org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender` interface adds specialized
-JavaMail features, such as MIME message support to the `MailSender` interface
-(from which it inherits). `JavaMailSender` also provides a callback interface called
-`org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessagePreparator` for preparing a `MimeMessage`.
-
-
-
-[[mail-usage]]
-== Usage
-
-Assume that we have a business interface called `OrderManager`, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface OrderManager {
-
-		void placeOrder(Order order);
-
-	}
----
-
-Further assume that we have a requirement stating that an email message with an
-order number needs to be generated and sent to a customer who placed the relevant order.
-
-
-[[mail-usage-simple]]
-=== Basic `MailSender` and `SimpleMailMessage` Usage
-
-The following example shows how to use `MailSender` and `SimpleMailMessage` to send an
-email when someone places an order:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	import org.springframework.mail.MailException;
-	import org.springframework.mail.MailSender;
-	import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
-
-	public class SimpleOrderManager implements OrderManager {
-
-		private MailSender mailSender;
-		private SimpleMailMessage templateMessage;
-
-		public void setMailSender(MailSender mailSender) {
-			this.mailSender = mailSender;
-		}
-
-		public void setTemplateMessage(SimpleMailMessage templateMessage) {
-			this.templateMessage = templateMessage;
-		}
-
-		public void placeOrder(Order order) {
-
-			// Do the business calculations...
-
-			// Call the collaborators to persist the order...
-
-			// Create a thread safe "copy" of the template message and customize it
-			SimpleMailMessage msg = new SimpleMailMessage(this.templateMessage);
-			msg.setTo(order.getCustomer().getEmailAddress());
-			msg.setText(
-				"Dear " + order.getCustomer().getFirstName()
-					+ order.getCustomer().getLastName()
-					+ ", thank you for placing order. Your order number is "
-					+ order.getOrderNumber());
-			try {
-				this.mailSender.send(msg);
-			}
-			catch (MailException ex) {
-				// simply log it and go on...
-				System.err.println(ex.getMessage());
-			}
-		}
-
-	}
----
-
-The following example shows the bean definitions for the preceding code:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
-		<property name="host" value="mail.mycompany.example"/>
-	</bean>
-
-	<!-- this is a template message that we can pre-load with default state -->
-	<bean id="templateMessage" class="org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage">
-		<property name="from" value="customerservice@mycompany.example"/>
-		<property name="subject" value="Your order"/>
-	</bean>
-
-	<bean id="orderManager" class="com.mycompany.businessapp.support.SimpleOrderManager">
-		<property name="mailSender" ref="mailSender"/>
-		<property name="templateMessage" ref="templateMessage"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-
-[[mail-usage-mime]]
-=== Using `JavaMailSender` and `MimeMessagePreparator`
-
-This section describes another implementation of `OrderManager` that uses the `MimeMessagePreparator`
-callback interface. In the following example, the `mailSender` property is of type
-`JavaMailSender` so that we are able to use the JavaMail `MimeMessage` class:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	import jakarta.mail.Message;
-	import jakarta.mail.MessagingException;
-	import jakarta.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
-	import jakarta.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
-
-	import jakarta.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
-	import org.springframework.mail.MailException;
-	import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
-	import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessagePreparator;
-
-	public class SimpleOrderManager implements OrderManager {
-
-		private JavaMailSender mailSender;
-
-		public void setMailSender(JavaMailSender mailSender) {
-			this.mailSender = mailSender;
-		}
-
-		public void placeOrder(final Order order) {
-			// Do the business calculations...
-			// Call the collaborators to persist the order...
-
-			MimeMessagePreparator preparator = new MimeMessagePreparator() {
-				public void prepare(MimeMessage mimeMessage) throws Exception {
-					mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
-							new InternetAddress(order.getCustomer().getEmailAddress()));
-					mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress("mail@mycompany.example"));
-					mimeMessage.setText("Dear " + order.getCustomer().getFirstName() + " " +
-							order.getCustomer().getLastName() + ", thanks for your order. " +
-							"Your order number is " + order.getOrderNumber() + ".");
-				}
-			};
-
-			try {
-				this.mailSender.send(preparator);
-			}
-			catch (MailException ex) {
-				// simply log it and go on...
-				System.err.println(ex.getMessage());
-			}
-		}
-
-	}
----
-
-NOTE: The mail code is a crosscutting concern and could well be a candidate for
-refactoring into a <<core.adoc#aop, custom Spring AOP aspect>>, which could then
-be run at appropriate joinpoints on the `OrderManager` target.
-
-The Spring Framework's mail support ships with the standard JavaMail implementation.
-See the relevant javadoc for more information.
-
-
-
-[[mail-javamail-mime]]
-== Using the JavaMail `MimeMessageHelper`
-
-A class that comes in pretty handy when dealing with JavaMail messages is
-`org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper`, which shields you from
-having to use the verbose JavaMail API. Using the `MimeMessageHelper`, it is
-pretty easy to create a `MimeMessage`, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	// of course you would use DI in any real-world cases
-	JavaMailSenderImpl sender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
-	sender.setHost("mail.host.com");
-
-	MimeMessage message = sender.createMimeMessage();
-	MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message);
-	helper.setTo("test@host.com");
-	helper.setText("Thank you for ordering!");
-
-	sender.send(message);
----
-
-
-[[mail-javamail-mime-attachments]]
-=== Sending Attachments and Inline Resources
-
-Multipart email messages allow for both attachments and inline resources. Examples of
-inline resources include an image or a stylesheet that you want to use in your message but
-that you do not want displayed as an attachment.
-
-[[mail-javamail-mime-attachments-attachment]]
-==== Attachments
-
-The following example shows you how to use the `MimeMessageHelper` to send an email
-with a single JPEG image attachment:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	JavaMailSenderImpl sender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
-	sender.setHost("mail.host.com");
-
-	MimeMessage message = sender.createMimeMessage();
-
-	// use the true flag to indicate you need a multipart message
-	MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
-	helper.setTo("test@host.com");
-
-	helper.setText("Check out this image!");
-
-	// let's attach the infamous windows Sample file (this time copied to c:/)
-	FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("c:/Sample.jpg"));
-	helper.addAttachment("CoolImage.jpg", file);
-
-	sender.send(message);
----
-
-[[mail-javamail-mime-attachments-inline]]
-==== Inline Resources
-
-The following example shows you how to use the `MimeMessageHelper` to send an email
-with an inline image:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	JavaMailSenderImpl sender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
-	sender.setHost("mail.host.com");
-
-	MimeMessage message = sender.createMimeMessage();
-
-	// use the true flag to indicate you need a multipart message
-	MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
-	helper.setTo("test@host.com");
-
-	// use the true flag to indicate the text included is HTML
-	helper.setText("<html><body><img src='cid:identifier1234'></body></html>", true);
-
-	// let's include the infamous windows Sample file (this time copied to c:/)
-	FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File("c:/Sample.jpg"));
-	helper.addInline("identifier1234", res);
-
-	sender.send(message);
----
-
-WARNING: Inline resources are added to the `MimeMessage` by using the specified `Content-ID`
-(`identifier1234` in the above example). The order in which you add the text
-and the resource are very important. Be sure to first add the text and then
-the resources. If you are doing it the other way around, it does not work.
-
-
-[[mail-templates]]
-=== Creating Email Content by Using a Templating Library
-
-The code in the examples shown in the previous sections explicitly created the content of the email message,
-by using methods calls such as `message.setText(..)`. This is fine for simple cases, and it
-is okay in the context of the aforementioned examples, where the intent was to show you
-the very basics of the API.
-
-In your typical enterprise application, though, developers often do not create the content
-of email messages by using the previously shown approach for a number of reasons:
-
-* Creating HTML-based email content in Java code is tedious and error prone.
-* There is no clear separation between display logic and business logic.
-* Changing the display structure of the email content requires writing Java code,
-  recompiling, redeploying, and so on.
-
-Typically, the approach taken to address these issues is to use a template library (such
-as FreeMarker) to define the display structure of email content. This leaves your code
-tasked only with creating the data that is to be rendered in the email template and
-sending the email. It is definitely a best practice when the content of your email messages
-becomes even moderately complex, and, with the Spring Framework's support classes for
-FreeMarker, it becomes quite easy to do.
-
@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
-[[integration.observability]]
-= Observability Support
-
-Micrometer defines an https://micrometer.io/docs/observation[Observation concept that enables both Metrics and Traces] in applications.
-Metrics support offers a way to create timers, gauges or counters for collecting statistics about the runtime behavior of your application.
-Metrics can help you to track error rates, usage patterns, performance and more.
-Traces provide a holistic view of an entire system, crossing application boundaries; you can zoom in on particular user requests and follow their entire completion across applications.
-
-Spring Framework instruments various parts of its own codebase to publish observations if an `ObservationRegistry` is configured.
-You can learn more about {docs-spring-boot}/html/actuator.html#actuator.metrics[configuring the observability infrastructure in Spring Boot].
-
-[[integration.observability.concepts]]
-== Micrometer Observation concepts
-
-If you are not familiar with Micrometer Observation, here's a quick summary of the new concepts you should know about.
-
-* `Observation` is the actual recording of something happening in your application. This is processed by `ObservationHandler` implementations to produce metrics or traces.
-* Each observation has a corresponding `ObservationContext` implementation; this type holds all the relevant information for extracting metadata for it.
-  In the case of an HTTP server observation, the context implementation could hold the HTTP request, the HTTP response, any Exception thrown during processing...
-* Each `Observation` holds `KeyValues` metadata. In the case of a server HTTP observation, this could be the HTTP request method, the HTTP response status...
-  This metadata is contributed by `ObservationConvention` implementations which should declare the type of `ObservationContext` they support.
-* `KeyValues` are said to be "low cardinality" if there is a low, bounded number of possible values for the `KeyValue` tuple (HTTP method is a good example).
-  Low cardinality values are contributed to metrics only.
-  High cardinality values are on the other hand unbounded (for example, HTTP request URIs) and are only contributed to Traces.
-* An `ObservationDocumentation` documents all observations in a particular domain, listing the expected key names and their meaning.
-
-
-[[integration.observability.config]]
-== Configuring Observations
-
-Global configuration options are available at the `ObservationRegistry#observationConfig()` level.
-Each instrumented component will provide two extension points:
-
-* setting the `ObservationRegistry`; if not set, observations will not be recorded and will be no-ops
-* providing a custom `ObservationConvention` to change the default observation name and extracted `KeyValues`
-
-
-[[integration.observability.config.conventions]]
-=== Using custom Observation conventions
-
-Let's take the example of the Spring MVC "http.server.requests" metrics instrumentation with the `ServerHttpObservationFilter`.
-This observation is using a `ServerRequestObservationConvention` with a `ServerRequestObservationContext`; custom conventions can be configured on the Servlet filter.
-If you would like to customize the metadata produced with the observation, you can extend the `DefaultServerRequestObservationConvention` for your requirements:
-
-include::code:ExtendedServerRequestObservationConvention[]
-
-If you want full control, you can then implement the entire convention contract for the observation you're interested in:
-
-include::code:CustomServerRequestObservationConvention[]
-
-You can also achieve similar goals using a custom `ObservationFilter` - adding or removing key values for an observation.
-Filters do not replace the default convention and are used as a post-processing component.
-
-include::code:ServerRequestObservationFilter[]
-
-You can configure `ObservationFilter` instances on the `ObservationRegistry`.
-
-
-[[integration.observability.http-server]]
-== HTTP Server instrumentation
-
-HTTP server exchanges observations are created with the name `"http.server.requests"` for Servlet and Reactive applications.
-
-[[integration.observability.http-server.servlet]]
-=== Servlet applications
-
-Applications need to configure the `org.springframework.web.filter.ServerHttpObservationFilter` Servlet filter in their application.
-It is using the `org.springframework.http.server.observation.DefaultServerRequestObservationConvention` by default, backed by the `ServerRequestObservationContext`.
-
-This will only record an observation as an error if the `Exception` has not been handled by the web Framework and has bubbled up to the Servlet filter.
-Typically, all exceptions handled by Spring MVC's `@ExceptionHandler` and <<web.adoc#mvc-ann-rest-exceptions,`ProblemDetail` support>> will not be recorded with the observation.
-You can, at any point during request processing, set the error field on the `ObservationContext` yourself:
-
-include::code:UserController[]
-
-By default, the following `KeyValues` are created:
-
-.Low cardinality Keys
-[cols="a,a"]
-|===
-|Name | Description
-|`exception` _(required)_|Name of the exception thrown during the exchange, or `KeyValue#NONE_VALUE`} if no exception happened.
-|`method` _(required)_|Name of HTTP request method or `"none"` if the request was not received properly.
-|`outcome` _(required)_|Outcome of the HTTP server exchange.
-|`status` _(required)_|HTTP response raw status code, or `"UNKNOWN"` if no response was created.
-|`uri` _(required)_|URI pattern for the matching handler if available, falling back to `REDIRECTION` for 3xx responses, `NOT_FOUND` for 404 responses, `root` for requests with no path info, and `UNKNOWN` for all other requests.
-|===
-
-.High cardinality Keys
-[cols="a,a"]
-|===
-|Name | Description
-|`http.url` _(required)_|HTTP request URI.
-|===
-
-
-[[integration.observability.http-server.reactive]]
-=== Reactive applications
-
-Applications need to configure the `org.springframework.web.filter.reactive.ServerHttpObservationFilter` reactive `WebFilter` in their application.
-It is using the `org.springframework.http.server.reactive.observation.DefaultServerRequestObservationConvention` by default, backed by the `ServerRequestObservationContext`.
-
-This will only record an observation as an error if the `Exception` has not been handled by the web Framework and has bubbled up to the `WebFilter`.
-Typically, all exceptions handled by Spring WebFlux's `@ExceptionHandler` and <<web.adoc#webflux-ann-rest-exceptions,`ProblemDetail` support>> will not be recorded with the observation.
-You can, at any point during request processing, set the error field on the `ObservationContext` yourself:
-
-include::code:UserController[]
-
-By default, the following `KeyValues` are created:
-
-.Low cardinality Keys
-[cols="a,a"]
-|===
-|Name | Description
-|`exception` _(required)_|Name of the exception thrown during the exchange, or `"none"` if no exception happened.
-|`method` _(required)_|Name of HTTP request method or `"none"` if the request was not received properly.
-|`outcome` _(required)_|Outcome of the HTTP server exchange.
-|`status` _(required)_|HTTP response raw status code, or `"UNKNOWN"` if no response was created.
-|`uri` _(required)_|URI pattern for the matching handler if available, falling back to `REDIRECTION` for 3xx responses, `NOT_FOUND` for 404 responses, `root` for requests with no path info, and `UNKNOWN` for all other requests.
-|===
-
-.High cardinality Keys
-[cols="a,a"]
-|===
-|Name | Description
-|`http.url` _(required)_|HTTP request URI.
-|===
-
-
-
-[[integration.observability.http-client]]
-== HTTP Client instrumentation
-
-HTTP client exchanges observations are created with the name `"http.client.requests"` for blocking and reactive clients.
-Unlike their server counterparts, the instrumentation is implemented directly in the client so the only required step is to configure an `ObservationRegistry` on the client.
-
-[[integration.observability.http-client.resttemplate]]
-=== RestTemplate
-
-Applications must configure an `ObservationRegistry` on `RestTemplate` instances to enable the instrumentation; without that, observations are "no-ops".
-Spring Boot will auto-configure `RestTemplateBuilder` beans with the observation registry already set.
-
-Instrumentation is using the `org.springframework.http.client.observation.ClientRequestObservationConvention` by default, backed by the `ClientRequestObservationContext`.
-
-.Low cardinality Keys
-[cols="a,a"]
-|===
-|Name | Description
-|`method` _(required)_|Name of HTTP request method or `"none"` if the request could not be created.
-|`uri` _(required)_|URI template used for HTTP request, or `"none"` if none was provided. Only the path part of the URI is considered.
-|`client.name` _(required)_|Client name derived from the request URI host.
-|`status` _(required)_|HTTP response raw status code, or `"IO_ERROR"` in case of `IOException`, or `"CLIENT_ERROR"` if no response was received.
-|`outcome` _(required)_|Outcome of the HTTP client exchange.
-|`exception` _(required)_|Name of the exception thrown during the exchange, or `"none"` if no exception happened.
-|===
-
-.High cardinality Keys
-[cols="a,a"]
-|===
-|Name | Description
-|`http.url` _(required)_|HTTP request URI.
-|===
-
-
-
-[[integration.observability.http-client.webclient]]
-=== WebClient
-
-Applications must configure an `ObservationRegistry` on the `WebClient` builder to enable the instrumentation; without that, observations are "no-ops".
-Spring Boot will auto-configure `WebClient.Builder` beans with the observation registry already set.
-
-Instrumentation is using the `org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.ClientRequestObservationConvention` by default, backed by the `ClientRequestObservationContext`.
-
-.Low cardinality Keys
-[cols="a,a"]
-|===
-|Name | Description
-|`method` _(required)_|Name of HTTP request method or `"none"` if the request could not be created.
-|`uri` _(required)_|URI template used for HTTP request, or `"none"` if none was provided. Only the path part of the URI is considered.
-|`client.name` _(required)_|Client name derived from the request URI host.
-|`status` _(required)_|HTTP response raw status code, or `"IO_ERROR"` in case of `IOException`, or `"CLIENT_ERROR"` if no response was received.
-|`outcome` _(required)_|Outcome of the HTTP client exchange.
-|`exception` _(required)_|Name of the exception thrown during the exchange, or `"none"` if no exception happened.
-|===
-
-.High cardinality Keys
-[cols="a,a"]
-|===
-|Name | Description
-|`http.url` _(required)_|HTTP request URI.
-|===
-
-
@@ -1,520 +0,0 @@
-[[rest-client-access]]
-= REST Clients
-
-The Spring Framework provides the following choices for making calls to REST endpoints:
-
-* <<rest-webclient>> - non-blocking, reactive client w fluent API.
-* <<rest-resttemplate>> - synchronous client with template method API.
-* <<rest-http-interface>> - annotated interface with generated, dynamic proxy implementation.
-
-
-[[rest-webclient]]
-== `WebClient`
-
-`WebClient` is a non-blocking, reactive client to perform HTTP requests. It was
-introduced in 5.0 and offers an alternative to the `RestTemplate`, with support for
-synchronous, asynchronous, and streaming scenarios.
-
-`WebClient` supports the following:
-
-* Non-blocking I/O.
-* Reactive Streams back pressure.
-* High concurrency with fewer hardware resources.
-* Functional-style, fluent API that takes advantage of Java 8 lambdas.
-* Synchronous and asynchronous interactions.
-* Streaming up to or streaming down from a server.
-
-See <<web-reactive.adoc#webflux-client, WebClient>> for more details.
-
-
-
-
-[[rest-resttemplate]]
-== `RestTemplate`
-
-The `RestTemplate` provides a higher level API over HTTP client libraries. It makes it
-easy to invoke REST endpoints in a single line. It exposes the following groups of
-overloaded methods:
-
-NOTE: `RestTemplate` is in maintenance mode, with only requests for minor
-changes and bugs to be accepted. Please, consider using the
-<<web-reactive.adoc#webflux-client, WebClient>> instead.
-
-[[rest-overview-of-resttemplate-methods-tbl]]
-.RestTemplate methods
-[cols="1,3"]
-|===
-| Method group | Description
-
-| `getForObject`
-| Retrieves a representation via GET.
-
-| `getForEntity`
-| Retrieves a `ResponseEntity` (that is, status, headers, and body) by using GET.
-
-| `headForHeaders`
-| Retrieves all headers for a resource by using HEAD.
-
-| `postForLocation`
-| Creates a new resource by using POST and returns the `Location` header from the response.
-
-| `postForObject`
-| Creates a new resource by using POST and returns the representation from the response.
-
-| `postForEntity`
-| Creates a new resource by using POST and returns the representation from the response.
-
-| `put`
-| Creates or updates a resource by using PUT.
-
-| `patchForObject`
-| Updates a resource by using PATCH and returns the representation from the response.
-Note that the JDK `HttpURLConnection` does not support `PATCH`, but Apache
-HttpComponents and others do.
-
-| `delete`
-| Deletes the resources at the specified URI by using DELETE.
-
-| `optionsForAllow`
-| Retrieves allowed HTTP methods for a resource by using ALLOW.
-
-| `exchange`
-| More generalized (and less opinionated) version of the preceding methods that provides extra
-flexibility when needed. It accepts a `RequestEntity` (including HTTP method, URL, headers,
-and body as input) and returns a `ResponseEntity`.
-
-These methods allow the use of `ParameterizedTypeReference` instead of `Class` to specify
-a response type with generics.
-
-| `execute`
-| The most generalized way to perform a request, with full control over request
-preparation and response extraction through callback interfaces.
-
-|===
-
-[[rest-resttemplate-create]]
-=== Initialization
-
-The default constructor uses `java.net.HttpURLConnection` to perform requests. You can
-switch to a different HTTP library with an implementation of `ClientHttpRequestFactory`.
-There is built-in support for the following:
-
-* Apache HttpComponents
-* Netty
-* OkHttp
-
-For example, to switch to Apache HttpComponents, you can use the following:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory());
----
-
-Each `ClientHttpRequestFactory` exposes configuration options specific to the underlying
-HTTP client library -- for example, for credentials, connection pooling, and other details.
-
-TIP: Note that the `java.net` implementation for HTTP requests can raise an exception when
-accessing the status of a response that represents an error (such as 401). If this is an
-issue, switch to another HTTP client library.
-
-NOTE: `RestTemplate` can be instrumented for observability, in order to produce metrics and traces.
-See the <<integration.adoc#integration.observability.http-client.resttemplate,RestTemplate Observability support>> section.
-
-[[rest-resttemplate-uri]]
-==== URIs
-
-Many of the `RestTemplate` methods accept a URI template and URI template variables,
-either as a `String` variable argument, or as `Map<String,String>`.
-
-The following example uses a `String` variable argument:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	String result = restTemplate.getForObject(
-			"https://example.com/hotels/{hotel}/bookings/{booking}", String.class, "42", "21");
----
-
-The following example uses a `Map<String, String>`:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	Map<String, String> vars = Collections.singletonMap("hotel", "42");
-
-	String result = restTemplate.getForObject(
-			"https://example.com/hotels/{hotel}/rooms/{hotel}", String.class, vars);
----
-
-Keep in mind URI templates are automatically encoded, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	restTemplate.getForObject("https://example.com/hotel list", String.class);
-
-	// Results in request to "https://example.com/hotel%20list"
----
-
-You can use the `uriTemplateHandler` property of `RestTemplate` to customize how URIs
-are encoded. Alternatively, you can prepare a `java.net.URI` and pass it into one of
-the `RestTemplate` methods that accepts a `URI`.
-
-For more details on working with and encoding URIs, see <<web.adoc#mvc-uri-building, URI Links>>.
-
-[[rest-template-headers]]
-==== Headers
-
-You can use the `exchange()` methods to specify request headers, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	String uriTemplate = "https://example.com/hotels/{hotel}";
-	URI uri = UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString(uriTemplate).build(42);
-
-	RequestEntity<Void> requestEntity = RequestEntity.get(uri)
-			.header("MyRequestHeader", "MyValue")
-			.build();
-
-	ResponseEntity<String> response = template.exchange(requestEntity, String.class);
-
-	String responseHeader = response.getHeaders().getFirst("MyResponseHeader");
-	String body = response.getBody();
----
-
-You can obtain response headers through many `RestTemplate` method variants that return
-`ResponseEntity`.
-
-[[rest-template-body]]
-=== Body
-
-Objects passed into and returned from `RestTemplate` methods are converted to and from raw
-content with the help of an `HttpMessageConverter`.
-
-On a POST, an input object is serialized to the request body, as the following example shows:
-
----
-URI location = template.postForLocation("https://example.com/people", person);
----
-
-You need not explicitly set the Content-Type header of the request. In most cases,
-you can find a compatible message converter based on the source `Object` type, and the chosen
-message converter sets the content type accordingly. If necessary, you can use the
-`exchange` methods to explicitly provide the `Content-Type` request header, and that, in
-turn, influences what message converter is selected.
-
-On a GET, the body of the response is deserialized to an output `Object`, as the following example shows:
-
----
-Person person = restTemplate.getForObject("https://example.com/people/{id}", Person.class, 42);
----
-
-The `Accept` header of the request does not need to be explicitly set. In most cases,
-a compatible message converter can be found based on the expected response type, which
-then helps to populate the `Accept` header. If necessary, you can use the `exchange`
-methods to provide the `Accept` header explicitly.
-
-By default, `RestTemplate` registers all built-in
-<<rest-message-conversion, message converters>>, depending on classpath checks that help
-to determine what optional conversion libraries are present. You can also set the message
-converters to use explicitly.
-
-[[rest-message-conversion]]
-==== Message Conversion
-[.small]#<<web-reactive.adoc#webflux-codecs, See equivalent in the Reactive stack>>#
-
-The `spring-web` module contains the `HttpMessageConverter` contract for reading and
-writing the body of HTTP requests and responses through `InputStream` and `OutputStream`.
-`HttpMessageConverter` instances are used on the client side (for example, in the `RestTemplate`) and
-on the server side (for example, in Spring MVC REST controllers).
-
-Concrete implementations for the main media (MIME) types are provided in the framework
-and are, by default, registered with the `RestTemplate` on the client side and with
-`RequestMappingHandlerAdapter` on the server side (see
-<<web.adoc#mvc-config-message-converters, Configuring Message Converters>>).
-
-The implementations of `HttpMessageConverter` are described in the following sections.
-For all converters, a default media type is used, but you can override it by setting the
-`supportedMediaTypes` bean property. The following table describes each implementation:
-
-[[rest-message-converters-tbl]]
-.HttpMessageConverter Implementations
-[cols="1,3"]
-|===
-| MessageConverter | Description
-
-| `StringHttpMessageConverter`
-| An `HttpMessageConverter` implementation that can read and write `String` instances from the HTTP
-request and response. By default, this converter supports all text media types
-(`text/{asterisk}`) and writes with a `Content-Type` of `text/plain`.
-
-| `FormHttpMessageConverter`
-| An `HttpMessageConverter` implementation that can read and write form data from the HTTP
-request and response. By default, this converter reads and writes the
-`application/x-www-form-urlencoded` media type. Form data is read from and written into a
-`MultiValueMap<String, String>`. The converter can also write (but not read) multipart
-data read from a `MultiValueMap<String, Object>`. By default, `multipart/form-data` is
-supported. As of Spring Framework 5.2, additional multipart subtypes can be supported for
-writing form data. Consult the javadoc for `FormHttpMessageConverter` for further details.
-
-| `ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter`
-| An `HttpMessageConverter` implementation that can read and write byte arrays from the
-HTTP request and response. By default, this converter supports all media types (`{asterisk}/{asterisk}`)
-and writes with a `Content-Type` of `application/octet-stream`. You can override this
-by setting the `supportedMediaTypes` property and overriding `getContentType(byte[])`.
-
-| `MarshallingHttpMessageConverter`
-| An `HttpMessageConverter` implementation that can read and write XML by using Spring's
-`Marshaller` and `Unmarshaller` abstractions from the `org.springframework.oxm` package.
-This converter requires a `Marshaller` and `Unmarshaller` before it can be used. You can inject these
-through constructor or bean properties. By default, this converter supports
-`text/xml` and `application/xml`.
-
-| `MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter`
-| An `HttpMessageConverter` implementation that can read and write JSON by using Jackson's
-`ObjectMapper`. You can customize JSON mapping as needed through the use of Jackson's
-provided annotations. When you need further control (for cases where custom JSON
-serializers/deserializers need to be provided for specific types), you can inject a custom `ObjectMapper`
-through the `ObjectMapper` property. By default, this
-converter supports `application/json`.
-
-| `MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter`
-| An `HttpMessageConverter` implementation that can read and write XML by using
-https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-dataformat-xml[Jackson XML] extension's
-`XmlMapper`. You can customize XML mapping as needed through the use of JAXB
-or Jackson's provided annotations. When you need further control (for cases where custom XML
-serializers/deserializers need to be provided for specific types), you can inject a custom `XmlMapper`
-through the `ObjectMapper` property. By default, this
-converter supports `application/xml`.
-
-| `SourceHttpMessageConverter`
-| An `HttpMessageConverter` implementation that can read and write
-`javax.xml.transform.Source` from the HTTP request and response. Only `DOMSource`,
-`SAXSource`, and `StreamSource` are supported. By default, this converter supports
-`text/xml` and `application/xml`.
-
-| `BufferedImageHttpMessageConverter`
-| An `HttpMessageConverter` implementation that can read and write
-`java.awt.image.BufferedImage` from the HTTP request and response. This converter reads
-and writes the media type supported by the Java I/O API.
-
-|===
-
-[[rest-template-jsonview]]
-=== Jackson JSON Views
-
-You can specify a https://www.baeldung.com/jackson-json-view-annotation[Jackson JSON View]
-to serialize only a subset of the object properties, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	MappingJacksonValue value = new MappingJacksonValue(new User("eric", "7!jd#h23"));
-	value.setSerializationView(User.WithoutPasswordView.class);
-
-	RequestEntity<MappingJacksonValue> requestEntity =
-		RequestEntity.post(new URI("https://example.com/user")).body(value);
-
-	ResponseEntity<String> response = template.exchange(requestEntity, String.class);
----
-
-[[rest-template-multipart]]
-=== Multipart
-
-To send multipart data, you need to provide a `MultiValueMap<String, Object>` whose values
-may be an `Object` for part content, a `Resource` for a file part, or an `HttpEntity` for
-part content with headers. For example:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	MultiValueMap<String, Object> parts = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
-
-	parts.add("fieldPart", "fieldValue");
-	parts.add("filePart", new FileSystemResource("...logo.png"));
-	parts.add("jsonPart", new Person("Jason"));
-
-	HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
-	headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
-	parts.add("xmlPart", new HttpEntity<>(myBean, headers));
----
-
-In most cases, you do not have to specify the `Content-Type` for each part. The content
-type is determined automatically based on the `HttpMessageConverter` chosen to serialize
-it or, in the case of a `Resource` based on the file extension. If necessary, you can
-explicitly provide the `MediaType` with an `HttpEntity` wrapper.
-
-Once the `MultiValueMap` is ready, you can pass it to the `RestTemplate`, as show below:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	MultiValueMap<String, Object> parts = ...;
-	template.postForObject("https://example.com/upload", parts, Void.class);
----
-
-If the `MultiValueMap` contains at least one non-`String` value, the `Content-Type` is set
-to `multipart/form-data` by the `FormHttpMessageConverter`. If the `MultiValueMap` has
-`String` values the `Content-Type` is defaulted to `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.
-If necessary the `Content-Type` may also be set explicitly.
-
-
-[[rest-http-interface]]
-== HTTP Interface
-
-The Spring Framework lets you define an HTTP service as a Java interface with annotated
-methods for HTTP exchanges. You can then generate a proxy that implements this interface
-and performs the exchanges. This helps to simplify HTTP remote access which often
-involves a facade that wraps the details of using the underlying HTTP client.
-
-One, declare an interface with `@HttpExchange` methods:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	interface RepositoryService {
-
-		@GetExchange("/repos/{owner}/{repo}")
-		Repository getRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo);
-
-		// more HTTP exchange methods...
-
-	}
----
-
-Two, create a proxy that will perform the declared HTTP exchanges:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	WebClient client = WebClient.builder().baseUrl("https://api.github.com/").build();
-	HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builder(WebClientAdapter.forClient(client)).build();
-
-	RepositoryService service = factory.createClient(RepositoryService.class);
----
-
-`@HttpExchange` is supported at the type level where it applies to all methods:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@HttpExchange(url = "/repos/{owner}/{repo}", accept = "application/vnd.github.v3+json")
-	interface RepositoryService {
-
-		@GetExchange
-		Repository getRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo);
-
-		@PatchExchange(contentType = MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
-		void updateRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo,
-				@RequestParam String name, @RequestParam String description, @RequestParam String homepage);
-
-	}
----
-
-
-[[rest-http-interface-method-parameters]]
-=== Method Parameters
-
-Annotated, HTTP exchange methods support flexible method signatures with the following
-method parameters:
-
-[cols="1,2", options="header"]
-|===
-| Method argument | Description
-
-| `URI`
-| Dynamically set the URL for the request, overriding the annotation's `url` attribute.
-
-| `HttpMethod`
-| Dynamically set the HTTP method for the request, overriding the annotation's `method` attribute
-
-| `@RequestHeader`
-| Add a request header or multiple headers. The argument may be a `Map<String, ?>` or
-  `MultiValueMap<String, ?>` with multiple headers, a `Collection<?>` of values, or an
-  individual value. Type conversion is supported for non-String values.
-
-| `@PathVariable`
-| Add a variable for expand a placeholder in the request URL. The argument may be a
-  `Map<String, ?>` with multiple variables, or an individual value. Type conversion
-  is supported for non-String values.
-
-| `@RequestBody`
-| Provide the body of the request either as an Object to be serialized, or a
-  Reactive Streams `Publisher` such as `Mono`, `Flux`, or any other async type supported
-  through the configured `ReactiveAdapterRegistry`.
-
-| `@RequestParam`
-| Add a request parameter or multiple parameters. The argument may be a `Map<String, ?>`
-  or `MultiValueMap<String, ?>` with multiple parameters, a `Collection<?>` of values, or
-  an individual value. Type conversion is supported for non-String values.
-
-  When `"content-type"` is set to `"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"`, request
-  parameters are encoded in the request body. Otherwise, they are added as URL query
-  parameters.
-
-| `@RequestPart`
-| Add a request part, which may be a String (form field), `Resource` (file part),
-  Object (entity to be encoded, e.g. as JSON), `HttpEntity` (part content and headers),
-  a Spring `Part`, or Reactive Streams `Publisher` of any of the above.
-
-| `@CookieValue`
-| Add a cookie or multiple cookies. The argument may be a `Map<String, ?>` or
-  `MultiValueMap<String, ?>` with multiple cookies, a `Collection<?>` of values, or an
-  individual value. Type conversion is supported for non-String values.
-
-|===
-
-
-[[rest-http-interface-return-values]]
-=== Return Values
-
-Annotated, HTTP exchange methods support the following return values:
-
-[cols="1,2", options="header"]
-|===
-| Method return value | Description
-
-| `void`, `Mono<Void>`
-| Perform the given request, and release the response content, if any.
-
-| `HttpHeaders`, `Mono<HttpHeaders>`
-| Perform the given request, release the response content, if any, and return the
-  response headers.
-
-| `<T>`, `Mono<T>`
-| Perform the given request and decode the response content to the declared return type.
-
-| `<T>`, `Flux<T>`
-| Perform the given request and decode the response content to a stream of the declared
-  element type.
-
-| `ResponseEntity<Void>`, `Mono<ResponseEntity<Void>>`
-| Perform the given request, and release the response content, if any, and return a
-  `ResponseEntity` with the status and headers.
-
-| `ResponseEntity<T>`, `Mono<ResponseEntity<T>>`
-| Perform the given request, decode the response content to the declared return type, and
-  return a `ResponseEntity` with the status, headers, and the decoded body.
-
-| `Mono<ResponseEntity<Flux<T>>`
-| Perform the given request, decode the response content to a stream of the declared
-  element type, and return a `ResponseEntity` with the status, headers, and the decoded
-  response body stream.
-
-|===
-
-TIP: You can also use any other async or reactive types registered in the
-`ReactiveAdapterRegistry`.
-
-
-[[rest-http-interface-exceptions]]
-=== Exception Handling
-
-By default, `WebClient` raises `WebClientResponseException` for 4xx and 5xx HTTP status
-codes. To customize this, you can register a response status handler that applies to all
-responses performed through the client:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder()
-			.defaultStatusHandler(HttpStatusCode::isError, resp -> ...)
-			.build();
-
-	WebClientAdapter clientAdapter = WebClientAdapter.forClient(webClient);
-	HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory
-			.builder(clientAdapter).build();
----
-
-For more details and options, such as suppressing error status codes, see the Javadoc of
-`defaultStatusHandler` in `WebClient.Builder`.
@@ -1,970 +0,0 @@
-[[scheduling]]
-= Task Execution and Scheduling
-
-The Spring Framework provides abstractions for the asynchronous execution and scheduling of
-tasks with the `TaskExecutor` and `TaskScheduler` interfaces, respectively. Spring also
-features implementations of those interfaces that support thread pools or delegation to
-CommonJ within an application server environment. Ultimately, the use of these
-implementations behind the common interfaces abstracts away the differences between Java
-SE 5, Java SE 6, and Jakarta EE environments.
-
-Spring also features integration classes to support scheduling with the `Timer`
-(part of the JDK since 1.3) and the https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/[Quartz Scheduler].
-You can set up both of those schedulers by using a `FactoryBean` with optional references to
-`Timer` or `Trigger` instances, respectively. Furthermore, a convenience class for both
-the Quartz Scheduler and the `Timer` is available that lets you invoke a method of
-an existing target object (analogous to the normal `MethodInvokingFactoryBean`
-operation).
-
-
-
-[[scheduling-task-executor]]
-== The Spring `TaskExecutor` Abstraction
-
-Executors are the JDK name for the concept of thread pools. The "`executor`" naming is
-due to the fact that there is no guarantee that the underlying implementation is
-actually a pool. An executor may be single-threaded or even synchronous. Spring's
-abstraction hides implementation details between the Java SE and Jakarta EE environments.
-
-Spring's `TaskExecutor` interface is identical to the `java.util.concurrent.Executor`
-interface. In fact, originally, its primary reason for existence was to abstract away
-the need for Java 5 when using thread pools. The interface has a single method
-(`execute(Runnable task)`) that accepts a task for execution based on the semantics
-and configuration of the thread pool.
-
-The `TaskExecutor` was originally created to give other Spring components an abstraction
-for thread pooling where needed. Components such as the `ApplicationEventMulticaster`,
-JMS's `AbstractMessageListenerContainer`, and Quartz integration all use the
-`TaskExecutor` abstraction to pool threads. However, if your beans need thread pooling
-behavior, you can also use this abstraction for your own needs.
-
-
-[[scheduling-task-executor-types]]
-=== `TaskExecutor` Types
-
-Spring includes a number of pre-built implementations of `TaskExecutor`.
-In all likelihood, you should never need to implement your own.
-The variants that Spring provides are as follows:
-
-* `SyncTaskExecutor`:
-  This implementation does not run invocations asynchronously. Instead, each
-  invocation takes place in the calling thread. It is primarily used in situations
-  where multi-threading is not necessary, such as in simple test cases.
-* `SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor`:
-  This implementation does not reuse any threads. Rather, it starts up a new thread
-  for each invocation. However, it does support a concurrency limit that blocks
-  any invocations that are over the limit until a slot has been freed up. If you
-  are looking for true pooling, see `ThreadPoolTaskExecutor`, later in this list.
-* `ConcurrentTaskExecutor`:
-  This implementation is an adapter for a `java.util.concurrent.Executor` instance.
-  There is an alternative (`ThreadPoolTaskExecutor`) that exposes the `Executor`
-  configuration parameters as bean properties. There is rarely a need to use
-  `ConcurrentTaskExecutor` directly. However, if the `ThreadPoolTaskExecutor` is not
-  flexible enough for your needs, `ConcurrentTaskExecutor` is an alternative.
-* `ThreadPoolTaskExecutor`:
-  This implementation is most commonly used. It exposes bean properties for
-  configuring a `java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor` and wraps it in a `TaskExecutor`.
-  If you need to adapt to a different kind of `java.util.concurrent.Executor`, we
-  recommend that you use a `ConcurrentTaskExecutor` instead.
-* `DefaultManagedTaskExecutor`:
-  This implementation uses a JNDI-obtained `ManagedExecutorService` in a JSR-236
-  compatible runtime environment (such as a Jakarta EE application server),
-  replacing a CommonJ WorkManager for that purpose.
-
-
-[[scheduling-task-executor-usage]]
-=== Using a `TaskExecutor`
-
-Spring's `TaskExecutor` implementations are used as simple JavaBeans. In the following example,
-we define a bean that uses the `ThreadPoolTaskExecutor` to asynchronously print
-out a set of messages:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	import org.springframework.core.task.TaskExecutor;
-
-	public class TaskExecutorExample {
-
-		private class MessagePrinterTask implements Runnable {
-
-			private String message;
-
-			public MessagePrinterTask(String message) {
-				this.message = message;
-			}
-
-			public void run() {
-				System.out.println(message);
-			}
-		}
-
-		private TaskExecutor taskExecutor;
-
-		public TaskExecutorExample(TaskExecutor taskExecutor) {
-			this.taskExecutor = taskExecutor;
-		}
-
-		public void printMessages() {
-			for(int i = 0; i < 25; i++) {
-				taskExecutor.execute(new MessagePrinterTask("Message" + i));
-			}
-		}
-	}
----
-
-As you can see, rather than retrieving a thread from the pool and executing it yourself,
-you add your `Runnable` to the queue. Then the `TaskExecutor` uses its internal rules to
-decide when the task gets run.
-
-To configure the rules that the `TaskExecutor` uses, we expose simple bean properties:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="taskExecutor" class="org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor">
-		<property name="corePoolSize" value="5"/>
-		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="10"/>
-		<property name="queueCapacity" value="25"/>
-	</bean>
-
-	<bean id="taskExecutorExample" class="TaskExecutorExample">
-		<constructor-arg ref="taskExecutor"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-
-
-[[scheduling-task-scheduler]]
-== The Spring `TaskScheduler` Abstraction
-
-In addition to the `TaskExecutor` abstraction, Spring has a `TaskScheduler` SPI with a
-variety of methods for scheduling tasks to run at some point in the future. The following
-listing shows the `TaskScheduler` interface definition:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface TaskScheduler {
-
-		Clock getClock();
-
-		ScheduledFuture schedule(Runnable task, Trigger trigger);
-
-		ScheduledFuture schedule(Runnable task, Instant startTime);
-
-		ScheduledFuture scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable task, Instant startTime, Duration period);
-
-		ScheduledFuture scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable task, Duration period);
-
-		ScheduledFuture scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable task, Instant startTime, Duration delay);
-
-		ScheduledFuture scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable task, Duration delay);
-
----
-
-The simplest method is the one named `schedule` that takes only a `Runnable` and an `Instant`.
-That causes the task to run once after the specified time. All of the other methods
-are capable of scheduling tasks to run repeatedly. The fixed-rate and fixed-delay
-methods are for simple, periodic execution, but the method that accepts a `Trigger` is
-much more flexible.
-
-
-[[scheduling-trigger-interface]]
-=== `Trigger` Interface
-
-The `Trigger` interface is essentially inspired by JSR-236. The basic idea of the
-`Trigger` is that execution times may be determined based on past execution outcomes or
-even arbitrary conditions. If these determinations take into account the outcome of the
-preceding execution, that information is available within a `TriggerContext`. The
-`Trigger` interface itself is quite simple, as the following listing shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface Trigger {
-
-		Instant nextExecution(TriggerContext triggerContext);
-	}
----
-
-The `TriggerContext` is the most important part. It encapsulates all of
-the relevant data and is open for extension in the future, if necessary. The
-`TriggerContext` is an interface (a `SimpleTriggerContext` implementation is used by
-default). The following listing shows the available methods for `Trigger` implementations.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public interface TriggerContext {
-
-		Clock getClock();
-
-		Instant lastScheduledExecution();
-
-		Instant lastActualExecution();
-
-		Instant lastCompletion();
-	}
----
-
-
-[[scheduling-trigger-implementations]]
-=== `Trigger` Implementations
-
-Spring provides two implementations of the `Trigger` interface. The most interesting one
-is the `CronTrigger`. It enables the scheduling of tasks based on
-<<scheduling-cron-expression,cron expressions>>.
-For example, the following task is scheduled to run 15 minutes past each hour but only
-during the 9-to-5 "business hours" on weekdays:
-
-[source,java,indent=0]
-[subs="verbatim"]
----
-	scheduler.schedule(task, new CronTrigger("0 15 9-17 * * MON-FRI"));
----
-
-The other implementation is a `PeriodicTrigger` that accepts a fixed
-period, an optional initial delay value, and a boolean to indicate whether the period
-should be interpreted as a fixed-rate or a fixed-delay. Since the `TaskScheduler`
-interface already defines methods for scheduling tasks at a fixed rate or with a
-fixed delay, those methods should be used directly whenever possible. The value of the
-`PeriodicTrigger` implementation is that you can use it within components that rely on
-the `Trigger` abstraction. For example, it may be convenient to allow periodic triggers,
-cron-based triggers, and even custom trigger implementations to be used interchangeably.
-Such a component could take advantage of dependency injection so that you can configure such `Triggers`
-externally and, therefore, easily modify or extend them.
-
-
-[[scheduling-task-scheduler-implementations]]
-=== `TaskScheduler` implementations
-
-As with Spring's `TaskExecutor` abstraction, the primary benefit of the `TaskScheduler`
-arrangement is that an application's scheduling needs are decoupled from the deployment
-environment. This abstraction level is particularly relevant when deploying to an
-application server environment where threads should not be created directly by the
-application itself. For such scenarios, Spring provides a `TimerManagerTaskScheduler`
-that delegates to a CommonJ `TimerManager` on WebLogic or WebSphere as well as a more recent
-`DefaultManagedTaskScheduler` that delegates to a JSR-236 `ManagedScheduledExecutorService`
-in a Jakarta EE environment. Both are typically configured with a JNDI lookup.
-
-Whenever external thread management is not a requirement, a simpler alternative is
-a local `ScheduledExecutorService` setup within the application, which can be adapted
-through Spring's `ConcurrentTaskScheduler`. As a convenience, Spring also provides a
-`ThreadPoolTaskScheduler`, which internally delegates to a `ScheduledExecutorService`
-to provide common bean-style configuration along the lines of `ThreadPoolTaskExecutor`.
-These variants work perfectly fine for locally embedded thread pool setups in lenient
-application server environments, as well -- in particular on Tomcat and Jetty.
-
-
-
-[[scheduling-annotation-support]]
-== Annotation Support for Scheduling and Asynchronous Execution
-
-Spring provides annotation support for both task scheduling and asynchronous method
-execution.
-
-
-[[scheduling-enable-annotation-support]]
-=== Enable Scheduling Annotations
-
-To enable support for `@Scheduled` and `@Async` annotations, you can add `@EnableScheduling` and
-`@EnableAsync` to one of your `@Configuration` classes, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Configuration
-	@EnableAsync
-	@EnableScheduling
-	public class AppConfig {
-	}
----
-
-You can pick and choose the relevant annotations for your application. For example,
-if you need only support for `@Scheduled`, you can omit `@EnableAsync`. For more
-fine-grained control, you can additionally implement the `SchedulingConfigurer`
-interface, the `AsyncConfigurer` interface, or both. See the
-{api-spring-framework}/scheduling/annotation/SchedulingConfigurer.html[`SchedulingConfigurer`]
-and {api-spring-framework}/scheduling/annotation/AsyncConfigurer.html[`AsyncConfigurer`]
-javadoc for full details.
-
-If you prefer XML configuration, you can use the `<task:annotation-driven>` element,
-as the following example shows:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<task:annotation-driven executor="myExecutor" scheduler="myScheduler"/>
-	<task:executor id="myExecutor" pool-size="5"/>
-	<task:scheduler id="myScheduler" pool-size="10"/>
----
-
-Note that, with the preceding XML, an executor reference is provided for handling those
-tasks that correspond to methods with the `@Async` annotation, and the scheduler
-reference is provided for managing those methods annotated with `@Scheduled`.
-
-NOTE: The default advice mode for processing `@Async` annotations is `proxy` which allows
-for interception of calls through the proxy only. Local calls within the same class
-cannot get intercepted that way. For a more advanced mode of interception, consider
-switching to `aspectj` mode in combination with compile-time or load-time weaving.
-
-
-[[scheduling-annotation-support-scheduled]]
-=== The `@Scheduled` annotation
-
-You can add the `@Scheduled` annotation to a method, along with trigger metadata. For
-example, the following method is invoked every five seconds (5000 milliseconds) with a
-fixed delay, meaning that the period is measured from the completion time of each
-preceding invocation.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5000)
-	public void doSomething() {
-		// something that should run periodically
-	}
----
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-By default, milliseconds will be used as the time unit for fixed delay, fixed rate, and
-initial delay values. If you would like to use a different time unit such as seconds or
-minutes, you can configure this via the `timeUnit` attribute in `@Scheduled`.
-
-For example, the previous example can also be written as follows.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
-	public void doSomething() {
-		// something that should run periodically
-	}
----
-====
-
-If you need a fixed-rate execution, you can use the `fixedRate` attribute within the
-annotation. The following method is invoked every five seconds (measured between the
-successive start times of each invocation).
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Scheduled(fixedRate = 5, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
-	public void doSomething() {
-		// something that should run periodically
-	}
----
-
-For fixed-delay and fixed-rate tasks, you can specify an initial delay by indicating the
-amount of time to wait before the first execution of the method, as the following
-`fixedRate` example shows.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Scheduled(initialDelay = 1000, fixedRate = 5000)
-	public void doSomething() {
-		// something that should run periodically
-	}
----
-
-If simple periodic scheduling is not expressive enough, you can provide a
-<<scheduling-cron-expression,cron expression>>.
-The following example runs only on weekdays:
-
-[source,java,indent=0]
-[subs="verbatim"]
----
-	@Scheduled(cron="*/5 * * * * MON-FRI")
-	public void doSomething() {
-		// something that should run on weekdays only
-	}
----
-
-TIP: You can also use the `zone` attribute to specify the time zone in which the cron
-expression is resolved.
-
-Notice that the methods to be scheduled must have void returns and must not accept any
-arguments. If the method needs to interact with other objects from the application
-context, those would typically have been provided through dependency injection.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-As of Spring Framework 4.3, `@Scheduled` methods are supported on beans of any scope.
-
-Make sure that you are not initializing multiple instances of the same `@Scheduled`
-annotation class at runtime, unless you do want to schedule callbacks to each such
-instance. Related to this, make sure that you do not use `@Configurable` on bean
-classes that are annotated with `@Scheduled` and registered as regular Spring beans
-with the container. Otherwise, you would get double initialization (once through the
-container and once through the `@Configurable` aspect), with the consequence of each
-`@Scheduled` method being invoked twice.
-====
-
-
-[[scheduling-annotation-support-async]]
-=== The `@Async` annotation
-
-You can provide the `@Async` annotation on a method so that invocation of that method
-occurs asynchronously. In other words, the caller returns immediately upon
-invocation, while the actual execution of the method occurs in a task that has been
-submitted to a Spring `TaskExecutor`. In the simplest case, you can apply the annotation
-to a method that returns `void`, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Async
-	void doSomething() {
-		// this will be run asynchronously
-	}
----
-
-Unlike the methods annotated with the `@Scheduled` annotation, these methods can expect
-arguments, because they are invoked in the "`normal`" way by callers at runtime rather
-than from a scheduled task being managed by the container. For example, the following code is
-a legitimate application of the `@Async` annotation:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Async
-	void doSomething(String s) {
-		// this will be run asynchronously
-	}
----
-
-Even methods that return a value can be invoked asynchronously. However, such methods
-are required to have a `Future`-typed return value. This still provides the benefit of
-asynchronous execution so that the caller can perform other tasks prior to calling
-`get()` on that `Future`. The following example shows how to use `@Async` on a method
-that returns a value:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Async
-	Future<String> returnSomething(int i) {
-		// this will be run asynchronously
-	}
----
-
-TIP: `@Async` methods may not only declare a regular `java.util.concurrent.Future` return type
-but also Spring's `org.springframework.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture` or, as of Spring
-4.2, JDK 8's `java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture`, for richer interaction with the
-asynchronous task and for immediate composition with further processing steps.
-
-You can not use `@Async` in conjunction with lifecycle callbacks such as
-`@PostConstruct`. To asynchronously initialize Spring beans, you currently have to use
-a separate initializing Spring bean that then invokes the `@Async` annotated method on the
-target, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public class SampleBeanImpl implements SampleBean {
-
-		@Async
-		void doSomething() {
-			// ...
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	public class SampleBeanInitializer {
-
-		private final SampleBean bean;
-
-		public SampleBeanInitializer(SampleBean bean) {
-			this.bean = bean;
-		}
-
-		@PostConstruct
-		public void initialize() {
-			bean.doSomething();
-		}
-
-	}
----
-
-NOTE: There is no direct XML equivalent for `@Async`, since such methods should be designed
-for asynchronous execution in the first place, not externally re-declared to be asynchronous.
-However, you can manually set up Spring's `AsyncExecutionInterceptor` with Spring AOP,
-in combination with a custom pointcut.
-
-
-[[scheduling-annotation-support-qualification]]
-=== Executor Qualification with `@Async`
-
-By default, when specifying `@Async` on a method, the executor that is used is the
-one <<scheduling-enable-annotation-support, configured when enabling async support>>,
-i.e. the "`annotation-driven`" element if you are using XML or your `AsyncConfigurer`
-implementation, if any. However, you can use the `value` attribute of the `@Async`
-annotation when you need to indicate that an executor other than the default should be
-used when executing a given method. The following example shows how to do so:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Async("otherExecutor")
-	void doSomething(String s) {
-		// this will be run asynchronously by "otherExecutor"
-	}
----
-
-In this case, `"otherExecutor"` can be the name of any `Executor` bean in the Spring
-container, or it may be the name of a qualifier associated with any `Executor` (for example, as
-specified with the `<qualifier>` element or Spring's `@Qualifier` annotation).
-
-
-[[scheduling-annotation-support-exception]]
-=== Exception Management with `@Async`
-
-When an `@Async` method has a `Future`-typed return value, it is easy to manage
-an exception that was thrown during the method execution, as this exception is
-thrown when calling `get` on the `Future` result. With a `void` return type,
-however, the exception is uncaught and cannot be transmitted. You can provide an
-`AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler` to handle such exceptions. The following example shows
-how to do so:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public class MyAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler implements AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler {
-
-		@Override
-		public void handleUncaughtException(Throwable ex, Method method, Object... params) {
-			// handle exception
-		}
-	}
----
-
-By default, the exception is merely logged. You can define a custom `AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler`
-by using `AsyncConfigurer` or the `<task:annotation-driven/>` XML element.
-
-
-
-[[scheduling-task-namespace]]
-== The `task` Namespace
-
-As of version 3.0, Spring includes an XML namespace for configuring `TaskExecutor` and
-`TaskScheduler` instances. It also provides a convenient way to configure tasks to be
-scheduled with a trigger.
-
-
-[[scheduling-task-namespace-scheduler]]
-=== The 'scheduler' Element
-
-The following element creates a `ThreadPoolTaskScheduler` instance with the
-specified thread pool size:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<task:scheduler id="scheduler" pool-size="10"/>
----
-
-The value provided for the `id` attribute is used as the prefix for thread names
-within the pool. The `scheduler` element is relatively straightforward. If you do not
-provide a `pool-size` attribute, the default thread pool has only a single thread.
-There are no other configuration options for the scheduler.
-
-
-[[scheduling-task-namespace-executor]]
-=== The `executor` Element
-
-The following creates a `ThreadPoolTaskExecutor` instance:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<task:executor id="executor" pool-size="10"/>
----
-
-As with the scheduler shown in the <<scheduling-task-namespace-scheduler, previous section>>,
-the value provided for the `id` attribute is used as the prefix for thread names within
-the pool. As far as the pool size is concerned, the `executor` element supports more
-configuration options than the `scheduler` element. For one thing, the thread pool for
-a `ThreadPoolTaskExecutor` is itself more configurable. Rather than only a single size,
-an executor's thread pool can have different values for the core and the max size.
-If you provide a single value, the executor has a fixed-size thread pool (the core and
-max sizes are the same). However, the `executor` element's `pool-size` attribute also
-accepts a range in the form of `min-max`. The following example sets a minimum value of
-`5` and a maximum value of `25`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<task:executor
-			id="executorWithPoolSizeRange"
-			pool-size="5-25"
-			queue-capacity="100"/>
----
-
-In the preceding configuration, a `queue-capacity` value has also been provided.
-The configuration of the thread pool should also be considered in light of the
-executor's queue capacity. For the full description of the relationship between pool
-size and queue capacity, see the documentation for
-https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/ThreadPoolExecutor.html[`ThreadPoolExecutor`].
-The main idea is that, when a task is submitted, the executor first tries to use a
-free thread if the number of active threads is currently less than the core size.
-If the core size has been reached, the task is added to the queue, as long as its
-capacity has not yet been reached. Only then, if the queue's capacity has been
-reached, does the executor create a new thread beyond the core size. If the max size
-has also been reached, then the executor rejects the task.
-
-By default, the queue is unbounded, but this is rarely the desired configuration,
-because it can lead to `OutOfMemoryErrors` if enough tasks are added to that queue while
-all pool threads are busy. Furthermore, if the queue is unbounded, the max size has
-no effect at all. Since the executor always tries the queue before creating a new
-thread beyond the core size, a queue must have a finite capacity for the thread pool to
-grow beyond the core size (this is why a fixed-size pool is the only sensible case
-when using an unbounded queue).
-
-Consider the case, as mentioned above, when a task is rejected. By default, when a
-task is rejected, a thread pool executor throws a `TaskRejectedException`. However,
-the rejection policy is actually configurable. The exception is thrown when using
-the default rejection policy, which is the `AbortPolicy` implementation.
-For applications where some tasks can be skipped under heavy load, you can instead
-configure either `DiscardPolicy` or `DiscardOldestPolicy`. Another option that works
-well for applications that need to throttle the submitted tasks under heavy load is
-the `CallerRunsPolicy`. Instead of throwing an exception or discarding tasks,
-that policy forces the thread that is calling the submit method to run the task itself.
-The idea is that such a caller is busy while running that task and not able to submit
-other tasks immediately. Therefore, it provides a simple way to throttle the incoming
-load while maintaining the limits of the thread pool and queue. Typically, this allows
-the executor to "`catch up`" on the tasks it is handling and thereby frees up some
-capacity on the queue, in the pool, or both. You can choose any of these options from an
-enumeration of values available for the `rejection-policy` attribute on the `executor`
-element.
-
-The following example shows an `executor` element with a number of attributes to specify
-various behaviors:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<task:executor
-			id="executorWithCallerRunsPolicy"
-			pool-size="5-25"
-			queue-capacity="100"
-			rejection-policy="CALLER_RUNS"/>
----
-
-Finally, the `keep-alive` setting determines the time limit (in seconds) for which threads
-may remain idle before being stopped. If there are more than the core number of threads
-currently in the pool, after waiting this amount of time without processing a task, excess
-threads get stopped. A time value of zero causes excess threads to stop
-immediately after executing a task without remaining follow-up work in the task queue.
-The following example sets the `keep-alive` value to two minutes:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<task:executor
-			id="executorWithKeepAlive"
-			pool-size="5-25"
-			keep-alive="120"/>
----
-
-
-[[scheduling-task-namespace-scheduled-tasks]]
-=== The 'scheduled-tasks' Element
-
-The most powerful feature of Spring's task namespace is the support for configuring
-tasks to be scheduled within a Spring Application Context. This follows an approach
-similar to other "`method-invokers`" in Spring, such as that provided by the JMS namespace
-for configuring message-driven POJOs. Basically, a `ref` attribute can point to any
-Spring-managed object, and the `method` attribute provides the name of a method to be
-invoked on that object. The following listing shows a simple example:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<task:scheduled-tasks scheduler="myScheduler">
-		<task:scheduled ref="beanA" method="methodA" fixed-delay="5000"/>
-	</task:scheduled-tasks>
-
-	<task:scheduler id="myScheduler" pool-size="10"/>
----
-
-The scheduler is referenced by the outer element, and each individual
-task includes the configuration of its trigger metadata. In the preceding example, that
-metadata defines a periodic trigger with a fixed delay indicating the number of
-milliseconds to wait after each task execution has completed. Another option is
-`fixed-rate`, indicating how often the method should be run regardless of how long
-any previous execution takes. Additionally, for both `fixed-delay` and `fixed-rate` tasks, you can specify an
-'initial-delay' parameter, indicating the number of milliseconds to wait
-before the first execution of the method. For more control, you can instead provide a `cron` attribute
-to provide a <<scheduling-cron-expression,cron expression>>.
-The following example shows these other options:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0]
-[subs="verbatim"]
----
-	<task:scheduled-tasks scheduler="myScheduler">
-		<task:scheduled ref="beanA" method="methodA" fixed-delay="5000" initial-delay="1000"/>
-		<task:scheduled ref="beanB" method="methodB" fixed-rate="5000"/>
-		<task:scheduled ref="beanC" method="methodC" cron="*/5 * * * * MON-FRI"/>
-	</task:scheduled-tasks>
-
-	<task:scheduler id="myScheduler" pool-size="10"/>
----
-
-
-
-[[scheduling-cron-expression]]
-== Cron Expressions
-
-All Spring cron expressions have to conform to the same format, whether you are using them in
-<<scheduling-annotation-support-scheduled,`@Scheduled` annotations>>,
-<<scheduling-task-namespace-scheduled-tasks,`task:scheduled-tasks` elements>>,
-or someplace else.
-A well-formed cron expression, such as `* * * * * *`, consists of six space-separated time and date
-fields, each with its own range of valid values:
-
-
-....
- ┌───────────── second (0-59)
- │ ┌───────────── minute (0 - 59)
- │ │ ┌───────────── hour (0 - 23)
- │ │ │ ┌───────────── day of the month (1 - 31)
- │ │ │ │ ┌───────────── month (1 - 12) (or JAN-DEC)
- │ │ │ │ │ ┌───────────── day of the week (0 - 7)
- │ │ │ │ │ │          (0 or 7 is Sunday, or MON-SUN)
- │ │ │ │ │ │
- * * * * * *
-....
-
-There are some rules that apply:
-
-* A field may be an asterisk (`*`), which always stands for "`first-last`".
-For the day-of-the-month or day-of-the-week fields, a question mark (`?`) may be used instead of an
-asterisk.
-* Commas (`,`) are used to separate items of a list.
-* Two numbers separated with a hyphen (`-`) express a range of numbers.
-The specified range is inclusive.
-* Following a range (or `*`) with `/` specifies the interval of the number's value through the range.
-* English names can also be used for the month and day-of-week fields.
-Use the first three letters of the particular day or month (case does not matter).
-* The day-of-month and day-of-week fields can contain an `L` character, which has a different meaning.
-** In the day-of-month field, `L` stands for _the last day of the month_.
-If followed by a negative offset (that is, `L-n`), it means _``n``th-to-last day of the month_.
-** In the day-of-week field, `L` stands for _the last day of the week_.
-If prefixed by a number or three-letter name (`dL` or `DDDL`), it means _the last day of week (`d`
-or `DDD`) in the month_.
-* The day-of-month field can be `nW`, which stands for _the nearest weekday to day of the month ``n``_.
-If `n` falls on Saturday, this yields the Friday before it.
-If `n` falls on Sunday, this yields the Monday after, which also happens if `n` is `1` and falls on
-a Saturday (that is: `1W` stands for _the first weekday of the month_).
-* If the day-of-month field is `LW`, it means _the last weekday of the month_.
-* The day-of-week field can be `d#n` (or `DDD#n`), which stands for _the ``n``th day of week `d`
-(or ``DDD``) in the month_.
-
-Here are some examples:
-
-|===
-| Cron Expression       | Meaning
-
-|`0 0 * * * *`          | top of every hour of every day
-|`*/10 * * * * *`       | every ten seconds
-| `0 0 8-10 * * *`      | 8, 9 and 10 o'clock of every day
-| `0 0 6,19 * * *`      | 6:00 AM and 7:00 PM every day
-| `0 0/30 8-10 * * *`   | 8:00, 8:30, 9:00, 9:30, 10:00 and 10:30 every day
-| `0 0 9-17 * * MON-FRI`| on the hour nine-to-five weekdays
-| `0 0 0 25 DEC ?`       | every Christmas Day at midnight
-| `0 0 0 L * *`         | last day of the month at midnight
-| `0 0 0 L-3 * *`       | third-to-last day of the month at midnight
-| `0 0 0 * * 5L`        | last Friday of the month at midnight
-| `0 0 0 * * THUL`      | last Thursday of the month at midnight
-| `0 0 0 1W * *`        | first weekday of the month at midnight
-| `0 0 0 LW * *`        | last weekday of the month at midnight
-| `0 0 0 ? * 5#2`       | the second Friday in the month at midnight
-| `0 0 0 ? * MON#1`     | the first Monday in the month at midnight
-|===
-
-=== Macros
-
-Expressions such as `0 0 * * * *` are hard for humans to parse and are, therefore, hard to fix in case of bugs.
-To improve readability, Spring supports the following macros, which represent commonly used sequences.
-You can use these macros instead of the six-digit value, thus: `@Scheduled(cron = "@hourly")`.
-
-|===
-|Macro                          | Meaning
-
-| `@yearly` (or `@annually`)    | once a year (`0 0 0 1 1 *`)
-| `@monthly`                    | once a month (`0 0 0 1 * *`)
-| `@weekly`                     | once a week (`0 0 0 * * 0`)
-| `@daily` (or `@midnight`)     | once a day (`0 0 0 * * *`), or
-| `@hourly`                     | once an hour, (`0 0 * * * *`)
-|===
-
-
-
-[[scheduling-quartz]]
-== Using the Quartz Scheduler
-
-Quartz uses `Trigger`, `Job`, and `JobDetail` objects to realize scheduling of all kinds
-of jobs. For the basic concepts behind Quartz, see the
-https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/[Quartz Web site]. For convenience purposes, Spring
-offers a couple of classes that simplify using Quartz within Spring-based applications.
-
-
-[[scheduling-quartz-jobdetail]]
-=== Using the `JobDetailFactoryBean`
-
-Quartz `JobDetail` objects contain all the information needed to run a job. Spring provides a
-`JobDetailFactoryBean`, which provides bean-style properties for XML configuration purposes.
-Consider the following example:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean name="exampleJob" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean">
-		<property name="jobClass" value="example.ExampleJob"/>
-		<property name="jobDataAsMap">
-			<map>
-				<entry key="timeout" value="5"/>
-			</map>
-		</property>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The job detail configuration has all the information it needs to run the job (`ExampleJob`).
-The timeout is specified in the job data map. The job data map is available through the
-`JobExecutionContext` (passed to you at execution time), but the `JobDetail` also gets
-its properties from the job data mapped to properties of the job instance. So, in the following example,
-the `ExampleJob` contains a bean property named `timeout`, and the `JobDetail`
-has it applied automatically:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",chomp="-packages"]
----
-	package example;
-
-	public class ExampleJob extends QuartzJobBean {
-
-		private int timeout;
-
-		/**
-		 * Setter called after the ExampleJob is instantiated
-		 * with the value from the JobDetailFactoryBean.
-		 */
-		public void setTimeout(int timeout) {
-			this.timeout = timeout;
-		}
-
-		protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext ctx) throws JobExecutionException {
-			// do the actual work
-		}
-	}
----
-
-All additional properties from the job data map are available to you as well.
-
-NOTE: By using the `name` and `group` properties, you can modify the name and the group
-of the job, respectively. By default, the name of the job matches the bean name
-of the `JobDetailFactoryBean` (`exampleJob` in the preceding example above).
-
-
-[[scheduling-quartz-method-invoking-job]]
-=== Using the `MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean`
-
-Often you merely need to invoke a method on a specific object. By using the
-`MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean`, you can do exactly this, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="jobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
-		<property name="targetObject" ref="exampleBusinessObject"/>
-		<property name="targetMethod" value="doIt"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The preceding example results in the `doIt` method being called on the
-`exampleBusinessObject` method, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	public class ExampleBusinessObject {
-
-		// properties and collaborators
-
-		public void doIt() {
-			// do the actual work
-		}
-	}
----
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="exampleBusinessObject" class="examples.ExampleBusinessObject"/>
----
-
-By using the `MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean`, you need not create one-line jobs
-that merely invoke a method. You need only create the actual business object and
-wire up the detail object.
-
-By default, Quartz Jobs are stateless, resulting in the possibility of jobs interfering
-with each other. If you specify two triggers for the same `JobDetail`, it is possible
-that the second one starts before the first job has finished. If `JobDetail` classes
-implement the `Stateful` interface, this does not happen: the second job does not start
-before the first one has finished.
-
-To make jobs resulting from the `MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean` be non-concurrent,
-set the `concurrent` flag to `false`, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean id="jobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
-		<property name="targetObject" ref="exampleBusinessObject"/>
-		<property name="targetMethod" value="doIt"/>
-		<property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-NOTE: By default, jobs will run in a concurrent fashion.
-
-
-[[scheduling-quartz-cron]]
-=== Wiring up Jobs by Using Triggers and `SchedulerFactoryBean`
-
-We have created job details and jobs. We have also reviewed the convenience bean that lets
-you invoke a method on a specific object. Of course, we still need to schedule the
-jobs themselves. This is done by using triggers and a `SchedulerFactoryBean`. Several
-triggers are available within Quartz, and Spring offers two Quartz `FactoryBean`
-implementations with convenient defaults: `CronTriggerFactoryBean` and
-`SimpleTriggerFactoryBean`.
-
-Triggers need to be scheduled. Spring offers a `SchedulerFactoryBean` that exposes
-triggers to be set as properties. `SchedulerFactoryBean` schedules the actual jobs with
-those triggers.
-
-The following listing uses both a `SimpleTriggerFactoryBean` and a `CronTriggerFactoryBean`:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0]
-[subs="verbatim"]
----
-	<bean id="simpleTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean">
-		<!-- see the example of method invoking job above -->
-		<property name="jobDetail" ref="jobDetail"/>
-		<!-- 10 seconds -->
-		<property name="startDelay" value="10000"/>
-		<!-- repeat every 50 seconds -->
-		<property name="repeatInterval" value="50000"/>
-	</bean>
-
-	<bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
-		<property name="jobDetail" ref="exampleJob"/>
-		<!-- run every morning at 6 AM -->
-		<property name="cronExpression" value="0 0 6 * * ?"/>
-	</bean>
----
-
-The preceding example sets up two triggers, one running every 50 seconds with a starting delay of 10
-seconds and one running every morning at 6 AM. To finalize everything, we need to set up the
-`SchedulerFactoryBean`, as the following example shows:
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	<bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
-		<property name="triggers">
-			<list>
-				<ref bean="cronTrigger"/>
-				<ref bean="simpleTrigger"/>
-			</list>
-		</property>
-	</bean>
----
-
-More properties are available for the `SchedulerFactoryBean`, such as the calendars used by the
-job details, properties to customize Quartz with, and a Spring-provided JDBC DataSource. See
-the {api-spring-framework}/scheduling/quartz/SchedulerFactoryBean.html[`SchedulerFactoryBean`]
-javadoc for more information.
-
-NOTE: `SchedulerFactoryBean` also recognizes a `quartz.properties` file in the classpath,
-based on Quartz property keys, as with regular Quartz configuration. Please note that many
-`SchedulerFactoryBean` settings interact with common Quartz settings in the properties file;
-it is therefore not recommended to specify values at both levels. For example, do not set
-an "org.quartz.jobStore.class" property if you mean to rely on a Spring-provided DataSource,
-or specify an `org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.LocalDataSourceJobStore` variant which
-is a full-fledged replacement for the standard `org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX`.
-
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-:toc: left
-:toclevels: 4
-:tabsize: 4
-:docinfo1:
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-:noheader:
-:toc:
-:toclevels: 4
-:tabsize: 4
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-= Spring Framework Documentation
-Rod Johnson; Juergen Hoeller; Keith Donald; Colin Sampaleanu; Rob Harrop; Thomas Risberg; Alef Arendsen; Darren Davison; Dmitriy Kopylenko; Mark Pollack; Thierry Templier; Erwin Vervaet; Portia Tung; Ben Hale; Adrian Colyer; John Lewis; Costin Leau; Mark Fisher; Sam Brannen; Ramnivas Laddad; Arjen Poutsma; Chris Beams; Tareq Abedrabbo; Andy Clement; Dave Syer; Oliver Gierke; Rossen Stoyanchev; Phillip Webb; Rob Winch; Brian Clozel; Stephane Nicoll; Sebastien Deleuze; Jay Bryant; Mark Paluch
-
-NOTE: This documentation is also available in {docs-spring-framework}/reference/html/index.html[HTML] format.
-
-[[legal]]
-== Legal
-
-Copyright © 2002 - 2023 VMware, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
-
-Copies of this document may be made for your own use and for distribution to others, provided that you do not charge any fee for such copies and further provided that each copy contains this Copyright Notice, whether distributed in print or electronically.
-
-include::overview.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::core.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::testing.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::data-access.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::web.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::web-reactive.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::integration.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::languages.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-include::appendix.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-[[testing]]
-= Testing
-include::attributes.adoc[]
-include::page-layout.adoc[]
-
-This chapter covers Spring's support for integration testing and best practices for unit
-testing. The Spring team advocates test-driven development (TDD). The Spring team has
-found that the correct use of inversion of control (IoC) certainly does make both unit
-and integration testing easier (in that the presence of setter methods and appropriate
-constructors on classes makes them easier to wire together in a test without having to
-set up service locator registries and similar structures).
-
-
-include::testing/testing-introduction.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/unit-testing.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/integration-testing.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/testing-support-jdbc.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/testcontext-framework.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/testing-webtestclient.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/spring-mvc-test-framework.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/spring-mvc-test-client.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing/testing-appendix.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
@@ -1,155 +0,0 @@
-[[integration-testing]]
-= Integration Testing
-
-It is important to be able to perform some integration testing without requiring
-deployment to your application server or connecting to other enterprise infrastructure.
-Doing so lets you test things such as:
-
-* The correct wiring of your Spring IoC container contexts.
-* Data access using JDBC or an ORM tool. This can include such things as the correctness
-  of SQL statements, Hibernate queries, JPA entity mappings, and so forth.
-
-The Spring Framework provides first-class support for integration testing in the
-`spring-test` module. The name of the actual JAR file might include the release version
-and might also be in the long `org.springframework.test` form, depending on where you get
-it from (see the <<core.adoc#beans-dependencies, section on Dependency Management>>
-for an explanation). This library includes the `org.springframework.test` package, which
-contains valuable classes for integration testing with a Spring container. This testing
-does not rely on an application server or other deployment environment. Such tests are
-slower to run than unit tests but much faster than the equivalent Selenium tests or
-remote tests that rely on deployment to an application server.
-
-Unit and integration testing support is provided in the form of the annotation-driven
-<<testcontext-framework, Spring TestContext Framework>>. The TestContext framework is
-agnostic of the actual testing framework in use, which allows instrumentation of tests
-in various environments, including JUnit, TestNG, and others.
-
-The following section provides an overview of the high-level goals of Spring's
-integration support, and the rest of this chapter then focuses on dedicated topics:
-
-* <<integration-testing-support-jdbc>>
-* <<testcontext-framework>>
-* <<webtestclient>>
-* <<spring-mvc-test-framework>>
-* <<spring-mvc-test-client>>
-* <<integration-testing-annotations>>
-
-
-
-[[integration-testing-goals]]
-== Goals of Integration Testing
-
-Spring's integration testing support has the following primary goals:
-
-* To manage <<testing-ctx-management, Spring IoC container caching>> between tests.
-* To provide <<testing-fixture-di, Dependency Injection of test fixture instances>>.
-* To provide <<testing-tx, transaction management>> appropriate to integration testing.
-* To supply <<testing-support-classes, Spring-specific base classes>> that assist
-  developers in writing integration tests.
-
-The next few sections describe each goal and provide links to implementation and
-configuration details.
-
-
-[[testing-ctx-management]]
-=== Context Management and Caching
-
-The Spring TestContext Framework provides consistent loading of Spring
-`ApplicationContext` instances and `WebApplicationContext` instances as well as caching
-of those contexts. Support for the caching of loaded contexts is important, because
-startup time can become an issue -- not because of the overhead of Spring itself, but
-because the objects instantiated by the Spring container take time to instantiate. For
-example, a project with 50 to 100 Hibernate mapping files might take 10 to 20 seconds to
-load the mapping files, and incurring that cost before running every test in every test
-fixture leads to slower overall test runs that reduce developer productivity.
-
-Test classes typically declare either an array of resource locations for XML or Groovy
-configuration metadata -- often in the classpath -- or an array of component classes that
-is used to configure the application. These locations or classes are the same as or
-similar to those specified in `web.xml` or other configuration files for production
-deployments.
-
-By default, once loaded, the configured `ApplicationContext` is reused for each test.
-Thus, the setup cost is incurred only once per test suite, and subsequent test execution
-is much faster. In this context, the term "`test suite`" means all tests run in the same
-JVM -- for example, all tests run from an Ant, Maven, or Gradle build for a given project
-or module. In the unlikely case that a test corrupts the application context and requires
-reloading (for example, by modifying a bean definition or the state of an application
-object) the TestContext framework can be configured to reload the configuration and
-rebuild the application context before executing the next test.
-
-See <<testcontext-ctx-management>> and <<testcontext-ctx-management-caching>> with the
-TestContext framework.
-
-
-[[testing-fixture-di]]
-=== Dependency Injection of Test Fixtures
-
-When the TestContext framework loads your application context, it can optionally
-configure instances of your test classes by using Dependency Injection. This provides a
-convenient mechanism for setting up test fixtures by using preconfigured beans from your
-application context. A strong benefit here is that you can reuse application contexts
-across various testing scenarios (for example, for configuring Spring-managed object
-graphs, transactional proxies, `DataSource` instances, and others), thus avoiding the
-need to duplicate complex test fixture setup for individual test cases.
-
-As an example, consider a scenario where we have a class (`HibernateTitleRepository`)
-that implements data access logic for a `Title` domain entity. We want to write
-integration tests that test the following areas:
-
-* The Spring configuration: Basically, is everything related to the configuration of the
-  `HibernateTitleRepository` bean correct and present?
-* The Hibernate mapping file configuration: Is everything mapped correctly and are the
-  correct lazy-loading settings in place?
-* The logic of the `HibernateTitleRepository`: Does the configured instance of this class
-  perform as anticipated?
-
-See dependency injection of test fixtures with the
-<<testcontext-fixture-di, TestContext framework>>.
-
-
-[[testing-tx]]
-=== Transaction Management
-
-One common issue in tests that access a real database is their effect on the state of the
-persistence store. Even when you use a development database, changes to the state may
-affect future tests. Also, many operations -- such as inserting or modifying persistent
-data -- cannot be performed (or verified) outside of a transaction.
-
-The TestContext framework addresses this issue. By default, the framework creates and
-rolls back a transaction for each test. You can write code that can assume the existence
-of a transaction. If you call transactionally proxied objects in your tests, they behave
-correctly, according to their configured transactional semantics. In addition, if a test
-method deletes the contents of selected tables while running within the transaction
-managed for the test, the transaction rolls back by default, and the database returns to
-its state prior to execution of the test. Transactional support is provided to a test by
-using a `PlatformTransactionManager` bean defined in the test's application context.
-
-If you want a transaction to commit (unusual, but occasionally useful when you want a
-particular test to populate or modify the database), you can tell the TestContext
-framework to cause the transaction to commit instead of roll back by using the
-<<integration-testing-annotations, `@Commit`>> annotation.
-
-See transaction management with the <<testcontext-tx, TestContext framework>>.
-
-
-[[testing-support-classes]]
-=== Support Classes for Integration Testing
-
-The Spring TestContext Framework provides several `abstract` support classes that
-simplify the writing of integration tests. These base test classes provide well-defined
-hooks into the testing framework as well as convenient instance variables and methods,
-which let you access:
-
-* The `ApplicationContext`, for performing explicit bean lookups or testing the state of
-  the context as a whole.
-* A `JdbcTemplate`, for executing SQL statements to query the database. You can use such
-  queries to confirm database state both before and after execution of database-related
-  application code, and Spring ensures that such queries run in the scope of the same
-  transaction as the application code. When used in conjunction with an ORM tool, be sure
-  to avoid <<testcontext-tx-false-positives, false positives>>.
-
-In addition, you may want to create your own custom, application-wide superclass with
-instance variables and methods specific to your project.
-
-See support classes for the <<testcontext-support-classes, TestContext framework>>.
@@ -1,185 +0,0 @@
-[[spring-mvc-test-client]]
-= Testing Client Applications
-
-You can use client-side tests to test code that internally uses the `RestTemplate`. The
-idea is to declare expected requests and to provide "`stub`" responses so that you can
-focus on testing the code in isolation (that is, without running a server). The following
-example shows how to do so:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
-
-	MockRestServiceServer mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).build();
-	mockServer.expect(requestTo("/greeting")).andRespond(withSuccess());
-
-	// Test code that uses the above RestTemplate ...
-
-	mockServer.verify();
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val restTemplate = RestTemplate()
-
-	val mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).build()
-	mockServer.expect(requestTo("/greeting")).andRespond(withSuccess())
-
-	// Test code that uses the above RestTemplate ...
-
-	mockServer.verify()
----
-
-In the preceding example, `MockRestServiceServer` (the central class for client-side REST
-tests) configures the `RestTemplate` with a custom `ClientHttpRequestFactory` that
-asserts actual requests against expectations and returns "`stub`" responses. In this
-case, we expect a request to `/greeting` and want to return a 200 response with
-`text/plain` content. We can define additional expected requests and stub responses as
-needed. When we define expected requests and stub responses, the `RestTemplate` can be
-used in client-side code as usual. At the end of testing, `mockServer.verify()` can be
-used to verify that all expectations have been satisfied.
-
-By default, requests are expected in the order in which expectations were declared. You
-can set the `ignoreExpectOrder` option when building the server, in which case all
-expectations are checked (in order) to find a match for a given request. That means
-requests are allowed to come in any order. The following example uses `ignoreExpectOrder`:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	server = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).ignoreExpectOrder(true).build();
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	server = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).ignoreExpectOrder(true).build()
----
-
-Even with unordered requests by default, each request is allowed to run once only.
-The `expect` method provides an overloaded variant that accepts an `ExpectedCount`
-argument that specifies a count range (for example, `once`, `manyTimes`, `max`, `min`,
-`between`, and so on). The following example uses `times`:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
-
-	MockRestServiceServer mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).build();
-	mockServer.expect(times(2), requestTo("/something")).andRespond(withSuccess());
-	mockServer.expect(times(3), requestTo("/somewhere")).andRespond(withSuccess());
-
-	// ...
-
-	mockServer.verify();
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val restTemplate = RestTemplate()
-
-	val mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).build()
-	mockServer.expect(times(2), requestTo("/something")).andRespond(withSuccess())
-	mockServer.expect(times(3), requestTo("/somewhere")).andRespond(withSuccess())
-
-	// ...
-
-	mockServer.verify()
----
-
-Note that, when `ignoreExpectOrder` is not set (the default), and, therefore, requests
-are expected in order of declaration, then that order applies only to the first of any
-expected request. For example if "/something" is expected two times followed by
-"/somewhere" three times, then there should be a request to "/something" before there is
-a request to "/somewhere", but, aside from that subsequent "/something" and "/somewhere",
-requests can come at any time.
-
-As an alternative to all of the above, the client-side test support also provides a
-`ClientHttpRequestFactory` implementation that you can configure into a `RestTemplate` to
-bind it to a `MockMvc` instance. That allows processing requests using actual server-side
-logic but without running a server. The following example shows how to do so:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	MockMvc mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
-	this.restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new MockMvcClientHttpRequestFactory(mockMvc));
-
-	// Test code that uses the above RestTemplate ...
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build()
-	restTemplate = RestTemplate(MockMvcClientHttpRequestFactory(mockMvc))
-
-	// Test code that uses the above RestTemplate ...
----
-
-In some cases it may be necessary to perform an actual call to a remote service instead
-of mocking the response. The following example shows how to do that through
-`ExecutingResponseCreator`:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
-.Java
----
-	RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
-
-	// Create ExecutingResponseCreator with the original request factory
-	ExecutingResponseCreator withActualResponse = new ExecutingResponseCreator(restTemplate.getRequestFactory());
-
-	MockRestServiceServer mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).build();
-	mockServer.expect(requestTo("/profile")).andRespond(withSuccess());
-	mockServer.expect(requestTo("/quoteOfTheDay")).andRespond(withActualResponse);
-
-	// Test code that uses the above RestTemplate ...
-
-	mockServer.verify();
----
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
-.Kotlin
----
-	val restTemplate = RestTemplate()
-
-	// Create ExecutingResponseCreator with the original request factory
-	val withActualResponse = new ExecutingResponseCreator(restTemplate.getRequestFactory())
-
-	val mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.bindTo(restTemplate).build()
-	mockServer.expect(requestTo("/profile")).andRespond(withSuccess())
-	mockServer.expect(requestTo("/quoteOfTheDay")).andRespond(withActualResponse)
-
-	// Test code that uses the above RestTemplate ...
-
-	mockServer.verify()
----
-
-In the preceding example, we create the `ExecutingResponseCreator` using the
-`ClientHttpRequestFactory` from the `RestTemplate` _before_ `MockRestServiceServer` replaces
-it with a different one that mocks responses.
-Then we define expectations with two kinds of responses:
-
- * a stub `200` response for the `/profile` endpoint (no actual request will be executed)
- * a response obtained through a call to the `/quoteOfTheDay` endpoint
-
-In the second case, the request is executed through the `ClientHttpRequestFactory` that was
-captured earlier. This generates a response that could e.g. come from an actual remote server,
-depending on how the `RestTemplate` was originally configured.
-
-[[spring-mvc-test-client-static-imports]]
-== Static Imports
-
-As with server-side tests, the fluent API for client-side tests requires a few static
-imports. Those are easy to find by searching for `MockRest*`. Eclipse users should add
-`MockRestRequestMatchers.{asterisk}` and `MockRestResponseCreators.{asterisk}` as
-"`favorite static members`" in the Eclipse preferences under Java -> Editor -> Content
-Assist -> Favorites. That allows using content assist after typing the first character of
-the static method name. Other IDEs (such IntelliJ) may not require any additional
-configuration. Check for the support for code completion on static members.
-
-[[spring-mvc-test-client-resources]]
-== Further Examples of Client-side REST Tests
-
-Spring MVC Test's own tests include
-{spring-framework-main-code}/spring-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/test/web/client/samples[example
-tests] of client-side REST tests.
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-[[testing.appendix]]
-= Appendix
-
-include::testing-annotations.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
-
-include::testing-resources.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-[[testing-introduction]]
-= Introduction to Spring Testing
-
-Testing is an integral part of enterprise software development. This chapter focuses on
-the value added by the IoC principle to <<unit-testing, unit testing>> and on the benefits
-of the Spring Framework's support for <<integration-testing, integration testing>>. (A
-thorough treatment of testing in the enterprise is beyond the scope of this reference
-manual.)
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-[[testing-resources]]
-= Further Resources
-See the following resources for more information about testing:
-
-* https://www.junit.org/[JUnit]: "A programmer-friendly testing framework for Java and the JVM".
-  Used by the Spring Framework in its test suite and supported in the
-  <<testcontext-framework, Spring TestContext Framework>>.
-* https://testng.org/[TestNG]: A testing framework inspired by JUnit with added support
-  for test groups, data-driven testing, distributed testing, and other features. Supported
-  in the <<testcontext-framework, Spring TestContext Framework>>
-* https://assertj.github.io/doc/[AssertJ]: "Fluent assertions for Java",
-  including support for Java 8 lambdas, streams, and numerous other features.
-* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mock_Object[Mock Objects]: Article in Wikipedia.
-* http://www.mockobjects.com/[MockObjects.com]: Web site dedicated to mock objects, a
-  technique for improving the design of code within test-driven development.
-* https://mockito.github.io[Mockito]: Java mock library based on the
-  http://xunitpatterns.com/Test%20Spy.html[Test Spy] pattern. Used by the Spring Framework
-  in its test suite.
-* https://easymock.org/[EasyMock]: Java library "that provides Mock Objects for
-  interfaces (and objects through the class extension) by generating them on the fly using
-  Java's proxy mechanism."
-* https://jmock.org/[JMock]: Library that supports test-driven development of Java code
-  with mock objects.
-* https://www.dbunit.org/[DbUnit]: JUnit extension (also usable with Ant and Maven) that
-  is targeted at database-driven projects and, among other things, puts your database into
-  a known state between test runs.
-* https://www.testcontainers.org/[Testcontainers]: Java library that supports JUnit
-  tests, providing lightweight, throwaway instances of common databases, Selenium web
-  browsers, or anything else that can run in a Docker container.
-* https://sourceforge.net/projects/grinder/[The Grinder]: Java load testing framework.
-* https://github.com/Ninja-Squad/springmockk[SpringMockK]: Support for Spring Boot
-  integration tests written in Kotlin using https://mockk.io/[MockK] instead of Mockito.
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-[[integration-testing-support-jdbc]]
-= JDBC Testing Support
-
-[[integration-testing-support-jdbc-test-utils]]
-== JdbcTestUtils
-
-The `org.springframework.test.jdbc` package contains `JdbcTestUtils`, which is a
-collection of JDBC-related utility functions intended to simplify standard database
-testing scenarios. Specifically, `JdbcTestUtils` provides the following static utility
-methods.
-
-* `countRowsInTable(..)`: Counts the number of rows in the given table.
-* `countRowsInTableWhere(..)`: Counts the number of rows in the given table by using the
-  provided `WHERE` clause.
-* `deleteFromTables(..)`: Deletes all rows from the specified tables.
-* `deleteFromTableWhere(..)`: Deletes rows from the given table by using the provided
-  `WHERE` clause.
-* `dropTables(..)`: Drops the specified tables.
-
-[TIP]
-====
-<<testcontext-support-classes-junit4, `AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests`>>
-and <<testcontext-support-classes-testng, `AbstractTransactionalTestNGSpringContextTests`>>
-provide convenience methods that delegate to the aforementioned methods in
-`JdbcTestUtils`.
-====
-
-[[integration-testing-support-jdbc-embedded-database]]
-== Embedded Databases
-
-The `spring-jdbc` module provides support for configuring and launching an embedded
-database, which you can use in integration tests that interact with a database.
-For details, see <<data-access.adoc#jdbc-embedded-database-support, Embedded Database
-Support>> and <<data-access.adoc#jdbc-embedded-database-dao-testing, Testing Data Access
-Logic with an Embedded Database>>.
@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-[[unit-testing]]
-= Unit Testing
-
-Dependency injection should make your code less dependent on the container than it would
-be with traditional J2EE / Java EE development. The POJOs that make up your application
-should be testable in JUnit or TestNG tests, with objects instantiated by using the `new`
-operator, without Spring or any other container. You can use <<mock-objects, mock objects>>
-(in conjunction with other valuable testing techniques) to test your code in isolation.
-If you follow the architecture recommendations for Spring, the resulting clean layering
-and componentization of your codebase facilitate easier unit testing. For example,
-you can test service layer objects by stubbing or mocking DAO or repository interfaces,
-without needing to access persistent data while running unit tests.
-
-True unit tests typically run extremely quickly, as there is no runtime infrastructure to
-set up. Emphasizing true unit tests as part of your development methodology can boost
-your productivity. You may not need this section of the testing chapter to help you write
-effective unit tests for your IoC-based applications. For certain unit testing scenarios,
-however, the Spring Framework provides mock objects and testing support classes, which
-are described in this chapter.
-
-
-
-[[mock-objects]]
-== Mock Objects
-
-Spring includes a number of packages dedicated to mocking:
-
-* <<mock-objects-env>>
-* <<mock-objects-jndi>>
-* <<mock-objects-servlet>>
-* <<mock-objects-web-reactive>>
-
-
-[[mock-objects-env]]
-=== Environment
-
-The `org.springframework.mock.env` package contains mock implementations of the
-`Environment` and `PropertySource` abstractions (see
-<<core.adoc#beans-definition-profiles, Bean Definition Profiles>>
-and <<core.adoc#beans-property-source-abstraction, `PropertySource` Abstraction>>).
-`MockEnvironment` and `MockPropertySource` are useful for developing
-out-of-container tests for code that depends on environment-specific properties.
-
-
-[[mock-objects-jndi]]
-=== JNDI
-
-The `org.springframework.mock.jndi` package contains a partial implementation of the JNDI
-SPI, which you can use to set up a simple JNDI environment for test suites or stand-alone
-applications. If, for example, JDBC `DataSource` instances get bound to the same JNDI
-names in test code as they do in a Jakarta EE container, you can reuse both application code
-and configuration in testing scenarios without modification.
-
-WARNING: The mock JNDI support in the `org.springframework.mock.jndi` package is
-officially deprecated as of Spring Framework 5.2 in favor of complete solutions from third
-parties such as https://github.com/h-thurow/Simple-JNDI[Simple-JNDI].
-
-
-[[mock-objects-servlet]]
-=== Servlet API
-
-The `org.springframework.mock.web` package contains a comprehensive set of Servlet API
-mock objects that are useful for testing web contexts, controllers, and filters. These
-mock objects are targeted at usage with Spring's Web MVC framework and are generally more
-convenient to use than dynamic mock objects (such as https://easymock.org/[EasyMock])
-or alternative Servlet API mock objects (such as http://www.mockobjects.com[MockObjects]).
-
-TIP: Since Spring Framework 6.0, the mock objects in `org.springframework.mock.web` are
-based on the Servlet 6.0 API.
-
-The Spring MVC Test framework builds on the mock Servlet API objects to provide an
-integration testing framework for Spring MVC. See <<spring-mvc-test-framework>>.
-
-
-[[mock-objects-web-reactive]]
-=== Spring Web Reactive
-
-The `org.springframework.mock.http.server.reactive` package contains mock implementations
-of `ServerHttpRequest` and `ServerHttpResponse` for use in WebFlux applications. The
-`org.springframework.mock.web.server` package contains a mock `ServerWebExchange` that
-depends on those mock request and response objects.
-
-Both `MockServerHttpRequest` and `MockServerHttpResponse` extend from the same abstract
-base classes as server-specific implementations and share behavior with them. For
-example, a mock request is immutable once created, but you can use the `mutate()` method
-from `ServerHttpRequest` to create a modified instance.
-
-In order for the mock response to properly implement the write contract and return a
-write completion handle (that is, `Mono<Void>`), it by default uses a `Flux` with
-`cache().then()`, which buffers the data and makes it available for assertions in tests.
-Applications can set a custom write function (for example, to test an infinite stream).
-
-The <<webtestclient>> builds on the mock request and response to provide support for
-testing WebFlux applications without an HTTP server. The client can also be used for
-end-to-end tests with a running server.
-
-
-
-[[unit-testing-support-classes]]
-== Unit Testing Support Classes
-
-Spring includes a number of classes that can help with unit testing. They fall into two
-categories:
-
-* <<unit-testing-utilities>>
-* <<unit-testing-spring-mvc>>
-
-
-[[unit-testing-utilities]]
-=== General Testing Utilities
-
-The `org.springframework.test.util` package contains several general purpose utilities
-for use in unit and integration testing.
-
-{api-spring-framework}/test/util/AopTestUtils.html[`AopTestUtils`] is a collection of
-AOP-related utility methods. You can use these methods to obtain a reference to the
-underlying target object hidden behind one or more Spring proxies. For example, if you
-have configured a bean as a dynamic mock by using a library such as EasyMock or Mockito,
-and the mock is wrapped in a Spring proxy, you may need direct access to the underlying
-mock to configure expectations on it and perform verifications. For Spring's core AOP
-utilities, see {api-spring-framework}/aop/support/AopUtils.html[`AopUtils`] and
-{api-spring-framework}/aop/framework/AopProxyUtils.html[`AopProxyUtils`].
-
-{api-spring-framework}/test/util/ReflectionTestUtils.html[`ReflectionTestUtils`] is a
-collection of reflection-based utility methods. You can use these methods in testing
-scenarios where you need to change the value of a constant, set a non-`public` field,
-invoke a non-`public` setter method, or invoke a non-`public` configuration or lifecycle
-callback method when testing application code for use cases such as the following:
-
-* ORM frameworks (such as JPA and Hibernate) that condone `private` or `protected` field
-  access as opposed to `public` setter methods for properties in a domain entity.
-* Spring's support for annotations (such as `@Autowired`, `@Inject`, and `@Resource`),
-  that provide dependency injection for `private` or `protected` fields, setter methods,
-  and configuration methods.
-* Use of annotations such as `@PostConstruct` and `@PreDestroy` for lifecycle callback
-  methods.
-
-{api-spring-framework}/test/util/TestSocketUtils.html[`TestSocketUtils`] is a simple
-utility for finding available TCP ports on `localhost` for use in integration testing
-scenarios.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-`TestSocketUtils` can be used in integration tests which start an external server on an
-available random port. However, these utilities make no guarantee about the subsequent
-availability of a given port and are therefore unreliable. Instead of using
-`TestSocketUtils` to find an available local port for a server, it is recommended that
-you rely on a server's ability to start on a random ephemeral port that it selects or is
-assigned by the operating system. To interact with that server, you should query the
-server for the port it is currently using.
-====
-
-
-[[unit-testing-spring-mvc]]
-=== Spring MVC Testing Utilities
-
-The `org.springframework.test.web` package contains
-{api-spring-framework}/test/web/ModelAndViewAssert.html[`ModelAndViewAssert`], which you
-can use in combination with JUnit, TestNG, or any other testing framework for unit tests
-that deal with Spring MVC `ModelAndView` objects.
-
-.Unit testing Spring MVC Controllers
-TIP: To unit test your Spring MVC `Controller` classes as POJOs, use `ModelAndViewAssert`
-combined with `MockHttpServletRequest`, `MockHttpSession`, and so on from Spring's
-<<mock-objects-servlet, Servlet API mocks>>. For thorough integration testing of your
-Spring MVC and REST `Controller` classes in conjunction with your `WebApplicationContext`
-configuration for Spring MVC, use the
-<<spring-mvc-test-framework, Spring MVC Test Framework>> instead.
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.core.aot.hints.importruntimehints;
-
-import java.util.Locale;
-
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
-import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportRuntimeHints;
-import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
-import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
-@Component
-@ImportRuntimeHints(SpellCheckService.SpellCheckServiceRuntimeHints.class)
-public class SpellCheckService {
-
-	public void loadDictionary(Locale locale) {
-		ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("dicts/" + locale.getLanguage() + ".txt");
-		//...
-	}
-
-	static class SpellCheckServiceRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
-
-		@Override
-		public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
-			hints.resources().registerPattern("dicts/*");
-		}
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.core.aot.hints.testing;
-
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-
-import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
-import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
-
-import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
-
-public class SampleReflection {
-
-	private final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SampleReflection.class);
-
-	public void performReflection() {
-		try {
-			Class<?> springVersion = ClassUtils.forName("org.springframework.core.SpringVersion", null);
-			Method getVersion = ClassUtils.getMethod(springVersion, "getVersion");
-			String version = (String) getVersion.invoke(null);
-			logger.info("Spring version:" + version);
-		}
-		catch (Exception exc) {
-			logger.error("reflection failed", exc);
-		}
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.core.aot.hints.testing;
-
-import java.util.List;
-
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.ExecutableMode;
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
-import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent;
-import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.RuntimeHintsInvocations;
-import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.RuntimeHintsRecorder;
-import org.springframework.core.SpringVersion;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
-
-// @EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent signals that the annotated test class or test
-// method is only enabled if the RuntimeHintsAgent is loaded on the current JVM.
-// It also tags tests with the "RuntimeHints" JUnit tag.
-@EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent
-class SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests {
-
-	@Test
-	void shouldRegisterReflectionHints() {
-		RuntimeHints runtimeHints = new RuntimeHints();
-		// Call a RuntimeHintsRegistrar that contributes hints like:
-		runtimeHints.reflection().registerType(SpringVersion.class, typeHint ->
-				typeHint.withMethod("getVersion", List.of(), ExecutableMode.INVOKE));
-
-		// Invoke the relevant piece of code we want to test within a recording lambda
-		RuntimeHintsInvocations invocations = RuntimeHintsRecorder.record(() -> {
-			SampleReflection sample = new SampleReflection();
-			sample.performReflection();
-		});
-		// assert that the recorded invocations are covered by the contributed hints
-		assertThat(invocations).match(runtimeHints);
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.core.aot.hints.testing;
-
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.predicate.RuntimeHintsPredicates;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
-
-public class SpellCheckServiceTests {
-
-	// tag::hintspredicates[]
-	@Test
-	void shouldRegisterResourceHints() {
-		RuntimeHints hints = new RuntimeHints();
-		new SpellCheckServiceRuntimeHints().registerHints(hints, getClass().getClassLoader());
-		assertThat(RuntimeHintsPredicates.resource().forResource("dicts/en.txt"))
-				.accepts(hints);
-	}
-	// end::hintspredicates[]
-
-	// Copied here because it is package private in SpellCheckService
-	static class SpellCheckServiceRuntimeHints implements RuntimeHintsRegistrar {
-
-		@Override
-		public void registerHints(RuntimeHints hints, ClassLoader classLoader) {
-			hints.resources().registerPattern("dicts/*");
-		}
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.core.aot.refresh;
-
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
-import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
-import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
-import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
-import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
-
-public class AotProcessingSample {
-
-	public void createAotContext() {
-		// tag::aotcontext[]
-		RuntimeHints hints = new RuntimeHints();
-		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
-		context.register(MyApplication.class);
-		context.refreshForAotProcessing(hints);
-		// ...
-		context.close();
-		// end::aotcontext[]
-	}
-
-	// tag::myapplication[]
-	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods=false)
-	@ComponentScan
-	@Import({DataSourceConfiguration.class, ContainerConfiguration.class})
-	public class MyApplication {
-	}
-	// end::myapplication[]
-
-	class DataSourceConfiguration {
-	}
-
-	class ContainerConfiguration {
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.integration.observability.config.conventions;
-
-import io.micrometer.common.KeyValue;
-import io.micrometer.common.KeyValues;
-
-import org.springframework.http.server.observation.ServerHttpObservationDocumentation;
-import org.springframework.http.server.observation.ServerRequestObservationContext;
-import org.springframework.http.server.observation.ServerRequestObservationConvention;
-
-public class CustomServerRequestObservationConvention implements ServerRequestObservationConvention {
-
-	@Override
-	public String getName() {
-		// will be used as the metric name
-		return "http.server.requests";
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public String getContextualName(ServerRequestObservationContext context) {
-		// will be used for the trace name
-		return "http " + context.getCarrier().getMethod().toLowerCase();
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public KeyValues getLowCardinalityKeyValues(ServerRequestObservationContext context) {
-		return KeyValues.of(method(context), status(context), exception(context));
-	}
-
-
-	@Override
-	public KeyValues getHighCardinalityKeyValues(ServerRequestObservationContext context) {
-		return KeyValues.of(httpUrl(context));
-	}
-
-	private KeyValue method(ServerRequestObservationContext context) {
-		// You should reuse as much as possible the corresponding ObservationDocumentation for key names
-		return KeyValue.of(ServerHttpObservationDocumentation.LowCardinalityKeyNames.METHOD, context.getCarrier().getMethod());
-	}
-
-	// @fold:on // status(), exception(), httpUrl()...
-	private KeyValue status(ServerRequestObservationContext context) {
-		return KeyValue.of(ServerHttpObservationDocumentation.LowCardinalityKeyNames.STATUS, String.valueOf(context.getResponse().getStatus()));
-	}
-
-	private KeyValue exception(ServerRequestObservationContext context) {
-		String exception = (context.getError() != null) ? context.getError().getClass().getSimpleName() : KeyValue.NONE_VALUE;
-		return KeyValue.of(ServerHttpObservationDocumentation.LowCardinalityKeyNames.EXCEPTION, exception);
-	}
-
-	private KeyValue httpUrl(ServerRequestObservationContext context) {
-		return KeyValue.of(ServerHttpObservationDocumentation.HighCardinalityKeyNames.HTTP_URL, context.getCarrier().getRequestURI());
-	}
-	// @fold:off
-
-}
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.integration.observability.config.conventions;
-
-import io.micrometer.common.KeyValue;
-import io.micrometer.common.KeyValues;
-
-import org.springframework.http.server.observation.DefaultServerRequestObservationConvention;
-import org.springframework.http.server.observation.ServerRequestObservationContext;
-
-public class ExtendedServerRequestObservationConvention extends DefaultServerRequestObservationConvention {
-
-	@Override
-	public KeyValues getLowCardinalityKeyValues(ServerRequestObservationContext context) {
-		// here, we just want to have an additional KeyValue to the observation, keeping the default values
-		return super.getLowCardinalityKeyValues(context).and(custom(context));
-	}
-
-	private KeyValue custom(ServerRequestObservationContext context) {
-		return KeyValue.of("custom.method", context.getCarrier().getMethod());
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.integration.observability.config.conventions;
-
-
-import io.micrometer.common.KeyValue;
-import io.micrometer.observation.Observation;
-import io.micrometer.observation.ObservationFilter;
-
-import org.springframework.http.server.observation.ServerRequestObservationContext;
-
-public class ServerRequestObservationFilter implements ObservationFilter {
-
-	@Override
-	public Observation.Context map(Observation.Context context) {
-		if (context instanceof ServerRequestObservationContext serverContext) {
-			context.setName("custom.observation.name");
-			context.addLowCardinalityKeyValue(KeyValue.of("project", "spring"));
-			String customAttribute = (String) serverContext.getCarrier().getAttribute("customAttribute");
-			context.addLowCardinalityKeyValue(KeyValue.of("custom.attribute", customAttribute));
-		}
-		return context;
-	}
-}
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.integration.observability.httpserver.reactive;
-
-import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
-import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
-import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
-import org.springframework.web.filter.reactive.ServerHttpObservationFilter;
-import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
-
-@Controller
-public class UserController {
-
-	@ExceptionHandler(MissingUserException.class)
-	ResponseEntity<Void> handleMissingUser(ServerWebExchange exchange, MissingUserException exception) {
-		// We want to record this exception with the observation
-		ServerHttpObservationFilter.findObservationContext(exchange)
-				.ifPresent(context -> context.setError(exception));
-		return ResponseEntity.notFound().build();
-	}
-
-	// @fold:on
-	@SuppressWarnings("serial")
-	static class MissingUserException extends RuntimeException {
-	}
-	// @fold:off
-
-}
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.integration.observability.httpserver.servlet;
-
-import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
-
-import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
-import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
-import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
-import org.springframework.web.filter.ServerHttpObservationFilter;
-
-@Controller
-public class UserController {
-
-	@ExceptionHandler(MissingUserException.class)
-	ResponseEntity<Void> handleMissingUser(HttpServletRequest request, MissingUserException exception) {
-		// We want to record this exception with the observation
-		ServerHttpObservationFilter.findObservationContext(request)
-				.ifPresent(context -> context.setError(exception));
-		return ResponseEntity.notFound().build();
-	}
-
-	// @fold:on
-	@SuppressWarnings("serial")
-	static class MissingUserException extends RuntimeException {
-	}
-	// @fold:off
-
-}
@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-plugins {
-	id 'java-platform'
-}
-
-javaPlatform {
-	allowDependencies()
-}
-
-dependencies {
-	api(platform("com.fasterxml.jackson:jackson-bom:2.14.2"))
-	api(platform("io.micrometer:micrometer-bom:1.10.4"))
-	api(platform("io.netty:netty-bom:4.1.89.Final"))
-	api(platform("io.netty:netty5-bom:5.0.0.Alpha5"))
-	api(platform("io.projectreactor:reactor-bom:2022.0.4"))
-	api(platform("io.rsocket:rsocket-bom:1.1.3"))
-	api(platform("org.apache.groovy:groovy-bom:4.0.8"))
-	api(platform("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-bom:2.19.0"))
-	api(platform("org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-bom:11.0.13"))
-	api(platform("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-bom:1.6.4"))
-	api(platform("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-bom:1.4.0"))
-	api(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.9.2"))
-	api(platform("org.mockito:mockito-bom:5.1.1"))
-
-	constraints {
-		api("com.fasterxml:aalto-xml:1.3.1")
-		api("com.fasterxml.woodstox:woodstox-core:6.5.0")
-		api("com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine:3.1.2")
-		api("com.github.librepdf:openpdf:1.3.30")
-		api("com.google.code.findbugs:findbugs:3.0.1")
-		api("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2")
-		api("com.google.code.gson:gson:2.10")
-		api("com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java-util:3.21.12")
-		api("com.googlecode.protobuf-java-format:protobuf-java-format:1.4")
-		api("com.h2database:h2:2.1.214")
-		api("com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:2.7.0")
-		api("com.rometools:rome:1.18.0")
-		api("com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver:3.14.9")
-		api("com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.14.9")
-		api("com.sun.activation:jakarta.activation:2.0.1")
-		api("com.sun.mail:jakarta.mail:2.0.1")
-		api("com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-core:3.0.2")
-		api("com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-impl:3.0.2")
-		api("com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-xjc:3.0.2")
-		api("com.thoughtworks.qdox:qdox:2.0.2")
-		api("com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream:1.4.19")
-		api("commons-io:commons-io:2.11.0")
-		api("de.bechte.junit:junit-hierarchicalcontextrunner:4.12.1")
-		api("info.picocli:picocli:4.7.0")
-		api("io.micrometer:context-propagation:1.0.0")
-		api("io.mockk:mockk:1.12.1")
-		api("io.projectreactor.netty:reactor-netty5-http:2.0.0-M3")
-		api("io.projectreactor.tools:blockhound:1.0.6.RELEASE")
-		api("io.r2dbc:r2dbc-h2:1.0.0.RELEASE")
-		api("io.r2dbc:r2dbc-spi-test:1.0.0.RELEASE")
-		api("io.r2dbc:r2dbc-spi:1.0.0.RELEASE")
-		api("io.reactivex.rxjava3:rxjava:3.1.5")
-		api("io.smallrye.reactive:mutiny:1.8.0")
-		api("io.undertow:undertow-core:2.3.3.Final")
-		api("io.undertow:undertow-servlet:2.3.3.Final")
-		api("io.undertow:undertow-websockets-jsr:2.3.3.Final")
-		api("io.vavr:vavr:0.10.4")
-		api("jakarta.activation:jakarta.activation-api:2.0.1")
-		api("jakarta.annotation:jakarta.annotation-api:2.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.ejb:jakarta.ejb-api:4.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.el:jakarta.el-api:4.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.enterprise.concurrent:jakarta.enterprise.concurrent-api:2.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.faces:jakarta.faces-api:3.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.inject:jakarta.inject-api:2.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.inject:jakarta.inject-tck:2.0.1")
-		api("jakarta.interceptor:jakarta.interceptor-api:2.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.jms:jakarta.jms-api:3.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.json.bind:jakarta.json.bind-api:2.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.json:jakarta.json-api:2.0.1")
-		api("jakarta.mail:jakarta.mail-api:2.0.1")
-		api("jakarta.persistence:jakarta.persistence-api:3.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.resource:jakarta.resource-api:2.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl:jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl-api:3.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.servlet.jsp:jakarta.servlet.jsp-api:3.1.0")
-		api("jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api:6.0.0")
-		api("jakarta.transaction:jakarta.transaction-api:2.0.1")
-		api("jakarta.validation:jakarta.validation-api:3.0.2")
-		api("jakarta.websocket:jakarta.websocket-api:2.1.0")
-		api("jakarta.websocket:jakarta.websocket-client-api:2.1.0")
-		api("jakarta.xml.bind:jakarta.xml.bind-api:3.0.1")
-		api("javax.cache:cache-api:1.1.1")
-		api("javax.money:money-api:1.1")
-		api("jaxen:jaxen:1.2.0")
-		api("junit:junit:4.13.2")
-		api("net.sf.jopt-simple:jopt-simple:5.0.4")
-		api("net.sourceforge.htmlunit:htmlunit:2.70.0")
-		api("org.apache-extras.beanshell:bsh:2.0b6")
-		api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-broker:5.16.2")
-		api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-kahadb-store:5.16.2")
-		api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-stomp:5.16.2")
-		api("org.apache.commons:commons-pool2:2.9.0")
-		api("org.apache.derby:derby:10.16.1.1")
-		api("org.apache.derby:derbyclient:10.16.1.1")
-		api("org.apache.derby:derbytools:10.16.1.1")
-		api("org.apache.httpcomponents.client5:httpclient5:5.2.1")
-		api("org.apache.httpcomponents.core5:httpcore5-reactive:5.2.1")
-		api("org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml:5.2.3")
-		api("org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:10.1.5")
-		api("org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:10.1.5")
-		api("org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-util:10.1.5")
-		api("org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-websocket:10.1.5")
-		api("org.aspectj:aspectjrt:1.9.9.1")
-		api("org.aspectj:aspectjtools:1.9.9.1")
-		api("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver:1.9.9.1")
-		api("org.assertj:assertj-core:3.24.2")
-		api("org.awaitility:awaitility:3.1.6")
-		api("org.bouncycastle:bcpkix-jdk18on:1.71")
-		api("org.codehaus.jettison:jettison:1.3.8")
-		api("org.dom4j:dom4j:2.1.3")
-		api("org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-reactive-httpclient:3.0.7")
-		api("org.eclipse.persistence:org.eclipse.persistence.jpa:3.0.3")
-		api("org.eclipse:yasson:2.0.4")
-		api("org.ehcache:ehcache:3.4.0")
-		api("org.ehcache:jcache:1.0.1")
-		api("org.freemarker:freemarker:2.3.32")
-		// Substitute for "javax.management:jmxremote_optional:1.0.1_04" which
-		// is not available on Maven Central
-		api("org.glassfish.external:opendmk_jmxremote_optional_jar:1.0-b01-ea")
-		api("org.glassfish.tyrus:tyrus-container-servlet:2.0.1")
-		api("org.glassfish:jakarta.el:4.0.2")
-		api("org.graalvm.sdk:graal-sdk:22.3.0")
-		api("org.hamcrest:hamcrest:2.2")
-		api("org.hibernate:hibernate-core-jakarta:5.6.15.Final")
-		api("org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:7.0.5.Final")
-		api("org.hsqldb:hsqldb:2.7.1")
-		api("org.javamoney:moneta:1.4.2")
-		api("org.jruby:jruby:9.4.0.0")
-		api("org.junit.support:testng-engine:1.0.4")
-		api("org.mozilla:rhino:1.7.11")
-		api("org.ogce:xpp3:1.1.6")
-		api("org.python:jython-standalone:2.7.1")
-		api("org.quartz-scheduler:quartz:2.3.2")
-		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:htmlunit-driver:2.70.0")
-		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:3.141.59")
-		api("org.skyscreamer:jsonassert:1.5.0")
-		api("org.slf4j:slf4j-api:2.0.6")
-		api("org.testng:testng:7.7.1")
-		api("org.webjars:underscorejs:1.8.3")
-		api("org.webjars:webjars-locator-core:0.52")
-		api("org.xmlunit:xmlunit-assertj:2.9.1")
-		api("org.xmlunit:xmlunit-matchers:2.9.1")
-		api("org.yaml:snakeyaml:1.33")
-	}
-}
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
-version=6.0.6
-
-org.gradle.caching=true
+version=5.3.27
 org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx2048m
+org.gradle.caching=true
 org.gradle.parallel=true
-
-kotlinVersion=1.7.21
-
 kotlin.stdlib.default.dependency=false
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ tasks.findByName("dokkaHtmlPartial")?.configure {
 				url.set(new URL("https://javadoc.io/doc/org.hamcrest/hamcrest/2.1/"))
 			}
 			externalDocumentationLink {
-				url.set(new URL("https://javadoc.io/doc/jakarta.servlet/jakarta.servlet-api/latest/"))
+				url.set(new URL("https://javadoc.io/doc/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api/latest/"))
 			}
 			externalDocumentationLink {
 				url.set(new URL("https://javadoc.io/static/io.rsocket/rsocket-core/1.1.1/"))
@@ -1,34 +1,18 @@
-description = "Spring Framework Docs"
-
-apply plugin: 'kotlin'
-apply plugin: 'org.asciidoctor.jvm.convert'
-apply plugin: 'org.asciidoctor.jvm.pdf'
-apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/publications.gradle"
-
-
 configurations {
-	asciidoctorExtensions
+	asciidoctorExt
 }

 dependencies {
-	api(project(":spring-context"))
-	api(project(":spring-web"))
-	api("jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api")
-
-	implementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
-	implementation("org.assertj:assertj-core")
+	asciidoctorExt("io.spring.asciidoctor:spring-asciidoctor-extensions-block-switch:0.5.0")
 }

-jar {
-	enabled = false
-}
-
-javadoc {
-	enabled = false
-}
-
-dependencies {
-	asciidoctorExtensions "io.spring.asciidoctor.backends:spring-asciidoctor-backends:0.0.5"
+repositories {
+	maven {
+		url "https://repo.spring.io/release"
+		mavenContent {
+			includeGroup "io.spring.asciidoctor"
+		}
+	}
 }

 /**
@@ -58,11 +42,15 @@ task api(type: Javadoc) {
 		author = true
 		header = rootProject.description
 		use = true
-		overview = "framework-docs/src/docs/api/overview.html"
+		overview = "src/docs/api/overview.html"
+		stylesheetFile = file("src/docs/api/stylesheet.css")
 		splitIndex = true
 		links(project.ext.javadocLinks)
 		addBooleanOption('Xdoclint:syntax', true) // only check syntax with doclint
-		addBooleanOption('Werror', true) // fail build on Javadoc warnings
+		addBooleanOption('Xwerror', true) // fail build on Javadoc warnings
+		if (JavaVersion.current().isJava9Compatible()) {
+			addBooleanOption('html5', true)
+		}
 	}
 	source moduleProjects.collect { project ->
 		project.sourceSets.main.allJava
@@ -74,77 +62,95 @@ task api(type: Javadoc) {
 /**
 * Produce KDoc for all Spring Framework modules in "build/docs/kdoc"
 */
-rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule.configure {
-	dependsOn {
-		tasks.getByName("api")
+pluginManager.withPlugin("kotlin") {
+	tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule.configure {
+		dependsOn {
+			tasks.getByName("api")
+		}
+		moduleName.set("spring-framework")
+		outputDirectory.set(project.file("$buildDir/docs/kdoc"))
 	}
-	moduleName.set("spring-framework")
-	outputDirectory.set(project.file("$buildDir/docs/kdoc"))
+}
+
+task downloadResources(type: Download) {
+	def version = "0.2.5"
+	src "https://repo.spring.io/release/io/spring/docresources/" +
+			"spring-doc-resources/$version/spring-doc-resources-${version}.zip"
+	dest project.file("$buildDir/docs/spring-doc-resources.zip")
+	onlyIfModified true
+	useETag "all"
+}
+
+task extractDocResources(type: Copy, dependsOn: downloadResources) {
+	from project.zipTree(downloadResources.dest);
+	into "$buildDir/docs/spring-docs-resources/"
 }

 asciidoctorj {
-	version = '2.4.3'
+	def docRoot = 'https://docs.spring.io'
+	def docsSpringFramework = "${docRoot}/spring-framework/docs/${project.version}"
+	version = '2.4.1'
 	fatalWarnings ".*"
 	options doctype: 'book', eruby: 'erubis'
 	attributes([
 			icons: 'font',
 			idprefix: '',
 			idseparator: '-',
+			docinfo: 'shared,private-header', // https://docs.asciidoctor.org/asciidoctor/latest/docinfo/
 			revnumber: project.version,
 			sectanchors: '',
 			sectnums: '',
-			'spring-version': project.version
+			'source-highlighter': 'highlight.js',
+			highlightjsdir: 'js/highlight',
+			'highlightjs-theme': 'googlecode',
+			stylesdir: 'css/',
+			stylesheet: 'stylesheet.css',
+			'spring-version': project.version,
+			'spring-framework-main-code': 'https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/tree/main',
+			'doc-root': docRoot,
+			'docs-spring-framework': docsSpringFramework,
+			'api-spring-framework': "${docsSpringFramework}/javadoc-api/org/springframework"
 	])
 }

 /**
- * Generate the Spring Framework Reference documentation from
- * "src/docs/asciidoc" in "build/docs/ref-docs/html5".
+ * Generate the Spring Framework Reference documentation from "src/docs/asciidoc"
+ * in "build/docs/ref-docs/html5".
 */
 asciidoctor {
 	baseDirFollowsSourceDir()
-	configurations "asciidoctorExtensions"
+	configurations 'asciidoctorExt'
 	sources {
 		include '*.adoc'
 	}
+	outputDir "$buildDir/docs/ref-docs/html5"
+	logDocuments = true
 	resources {
 		from(sourceDir) {
-			include 'images/*.png'
+			include 'images/*.png', 'css/**', 'js/**'
 		}
+		from extractDocResources
 	}
-	outputDir "$buildDir/docs/ref-docs/html5"
-	outputOptions {
-		backends "spring-html"
-	}
-	forkOptions {
-		jvmArgs += ["--add-opens", "java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED", "--add-opens", "java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED"]
-	}
-	logDocuments = true
 }

-asciidoctor.mustRunAfter "check"
-
 /**
 * Generate the Spring Framework Reference documentation from "src/docs/asciidoc"
 * in "build/docs/ref-docs/pdf".
 */
 asciidoctorPdf {
 	baseDirFollowsSourceDir()
-	configurations 'asciidoctorExtensions'
+	configurations 'asciidoctorExt'
 	sources {
-		include 'spring-framework.adocbook'
+		include '*.adoc'
 	}
 	outputDir "$buildDir/docs/ref-docs/pdf"
-	forkOptions {
-		jvmArgs += ["--add-opens", "java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED", "--add-opens", "java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED"]
-	}
 	logDocuments = true
 }

 /**
 * Zip all docs (API and reference) into a single archive
 */
-task docsZip(type: Zip, dependsOn: ['api', 'asciidoctor', 'asciidoctorPdf', rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule]) {
+task docsZip(type: Zip, dependsOn: ['api', 'asciidoctor', 'asciidoctorPdf', 'dokkaHtmlMultiModule']) {
 	group = "Distribution"
 	description = "Builds -${archiveClassifier} archive containing api and reference " +
 			"for deployment at https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/."
@@ -163,7 +169,7 @@ task docsZip(type: Zip, dependsOn: ['api', 'asciidoctor', 'asciidoctorPdf', root
 	from ("$asciidoctorPdf.outputDir") {
 		into "reference/pdf"
 	}
-	from (rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule.outputDirectory) {
+	from (dokkaHtmlMultiModule.outputDirectory) {
 		into "kdoc-api"
 	}
 }
@@ -242,13 +248,3 @@ task distZip(type: Zip, dependsOn: [docsZip, schemaZip]) {
 }

 distZip.mustRunAfter moduleProjects.check
-
-publishing {
-	publications {
-		mavenJava(MavenPublication) {
-			artifact docsZip
-			artifact schemaZip
-			artifact distZip
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import org.gradle.plugins.ide.eclipse.model.SourceFolder
 apply plugin: 'eclipse'

 eclipse.jdt {
-	sourceCompatibility = 17
-	targetCompatibility = 17
+	sourceCompatibility = 1.8
+	targetCompatibility = 1.8
 }

 // Replace classpath entries with project dependencies (GRADLE-1116)
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ eclipse.classpath.file.whenMerged { classpath ->
 	}

 	// Remove any remaining direct depencencies on JARs in the build/libs folder
-	// except the repack JARs.
+	// except Spring's spring-cglib-repack and spring-objenesis-repack JARs.
 	classpath.entries.removeAll { entry -> (entry.path =~ /(?!.*?repack.*\.jar).*?\/([^\/]+)\/build\/libs\/[^\/]+\.jar/) }
 }

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ eclipse.classpath.file.whenMerged {
 // so that they can see test fixtures.
 // https://github.com/melix/jmh-gradle-plugin/issues/157
 eclipse.classpath.file.whenMerged {
-	entries.findAll { it.path =~ /src\/jmh\/(java|kotlin|resources)/ }.each {
+	entries.findAll { it.path =~ /src\/jmh\/(java|resources)/ }.each {
 		it.entryAttributes['test'] = 'true'
 	}
 }
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 apply plugin: 'java-library'
-apply plugin: 'org.springframework.build.conventions'
+apply plugin: 'org.springframework.build.compile'
 apply plugin: 'org.springframework.build.optional-dependencies'
 // Uncomment the following for Shadow support in the jmhJar block.
 // Currently commented out due to ZipException: archive is not a ZIP archive
@@ -8,16 +8,11 @@ apply plugin: 'me.champeau.jmh'
 apply from: "$rootDir/gradle/publications.gradle"

 dependencies {
-	jmh 'org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-core:1.36'
-	jmh 'org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-generator-annprocess:1.36'
+	jmh 'org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-core:1.32'
+	jmh 'org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-generator-annprocess:1.32'
 	jmh 'net.sf.jopt-simple:jopt-simple'
 }

-pluginManager.withPlugin("kotlin") {
-	apply plugin: "org.jetbrains.dokka"
-	apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/docs-dokka.gradle"
-}
-
 jmh {
 	duplicateClassesStrategy = DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE
 }
@@ -49,7 +44,7 @@ jar {
 	manifest.attributes["Created-By"] =
 			"${System.getProperty("java.version")} (${System.getProperty("java.specification.vendor")})"

-	from("${rootDir}/framework-docs/src/docs/dist") {
+	from("${rootDir}/src/docs/dist") {
 		include "license.txt"
 		include "notice.txt"
 		into "META-INF"
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@
 * One can choose the toolchain to use for compiling the MAIN sources and/or compiling
 * and running the TEST sources. These options apply to Java, Kotlin and Groovy sources
 * when available.
- * {@code "./gradlew check -PmainToolchain=17 -PtestToolchain=19"} will use:
+ * {@code "./gradlew check -PmainToolchain=8 -PtestToolchain=11"} will use:
 * <ul>
- *     <li>a JDK17 toolchain for compiling the main SourceSet
- *     <li>a JDK19 toolchain for compiling and running the test SourceSet
+ *     <li>a JDK8 toolchain for compiling the main SourceSet
+ *     <li>a JDK11 toolchain for compiling and running the test SourceSet
 * </ul>
 *
- * By default, the build will fall back to using the current JDK and 17 language level for all sourceSets.
+ * By default, the build will fall back to using the current JDK and 1.8 language level for all sourceSets.
 *
 * Gradle will automatically detect JDK distributions in well-known locations.
 * The following command will list the detected JDKs on the host.
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@
 *
 * We can also configure ENV variables and let Gradle know about them:
 * {@code
- * $ echo JDK17
- * /opt/openjdk/java17
- * $ echo JDK19
- * /opt/openjdk/java18
- * $ ./gradlew -Porg.gradle.java.installations.fromEnv=JDK17,JDK19 check
+ * $ echo JDK11
+ * /opt/openjdk/java11
+ * $ echo JDK15
+ * /opt/openjdk/java15
+ * $ ./gradlew -Porg.gradle.java.installations.fromEnv=JDK11,JDK15 check
 * }
 *
 * @author Brian Clozel
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def mainToolchainLanguageVersion() {
 	if (mainToolchainConfigured()) {
 		return JavaLanguageVersion.of(project.mainToolchain.toString())
 	}
-	return JavaLanguageVersion.of(17)
+	return JavaLanguageVersion.of(8)
 }

 def testToolchainLanguageVersion() {
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ plugins.withType(JavaPlugin) {
 		}
 	}
 	else {
-		// Fallback to JDK17
+		// Fallback to JDK8
 		java {
-			sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
+			sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
 		}
 	}
 	// Configure a specific Java Toolchain for compiling and running tests if the 'testToolchain' property is defined
@@ -81,29 +81,57 @@ plugins.withType(JavaPlugin) {
 			javaLauncher = javaToolchains.launcherFor {
 				languageVersion = testLanguageVersion
 			}
+			if(testLanguageVersion == JavaLanguageVersion.of(17)) {
+				jvmArgs(["--add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED",
+						 "--add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED"])
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }

 plugins.withType(GroovyPlugin) {
-	// Fallback to JDK17
+	// Fallback to JDK8
 	if (!mainToolchainConfigured()) {
 		compileGroovy {
-			sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
+			sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
 		}
 	}
 }

 pluginManager.withPlugin("kotlin") {
-	// Fallback to JDK17
-	compileKotlin {
-		kotlinOptions {
-			jvmTarget = '17'
+	// Configure the Kotlin compiler if the 'mainToolchain' property is defined
+	if (mainToolchainConfigured()) {
+		def mainLanguageVersion = mainToolchainLanguageVersion()
+		def compiler = javaToolchains.compilerFor {
+			languageVersion = mainLanguageVersion
+		}
+		// See https://kotlinlang.org/docs/gradle.html#attributes-specific-for-jvm
+		def javaVersion = mainLanguageVersion.toString() == '8' ? '1.8' : mainLanguageVersion.toString()
+		compileKotlin {
+			kotlinOptions {
+				jvmTarget = javaVersion
+				jdkHome = compiler.get().metadata.installationPath.asFile.absolutePath
+			}
+		}
+		// Compile the test classes with the same version, 'testToolchain' will override if defined
+		compileTestKotlin {
+			kotlinOptions {
+				jvmTarget = javaVersion
+				jdkHome = compiler.get().metadata.installationPath.asFile.absolutePath
+			}
 		}
 	}
-	compileTestKotlin {
-		kotlinOptions {
-			jvmTarget = '17'
+	else {
+		// Fallback to JDK8
+		compileKotlin {
+			kotlinOptions {
+				jvmTarget = '1.8'
+			}
+		}
+		compileTestKotlin {
+			kotlinOptions {
+				jvmTarget = '1.8'
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.6-bin.zip
-networkTimeout=10000
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.5.1-bin.zip
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 #       Darwin, MinGW, and NonStop.
 #
 #   (3) This script is generated from the Groovy template
-#       https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/HEAD/subprojects/plugins/src/main/resources/org/gradle/api/internal/plugins/unixStartScript.txt
+#       https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/master/subprojects/plugins/src/main/resources/org/gradle/api/internal/plugins/unixStartScript.txt
 #       within the Gradle project.
 #
 #       You can find Gradle at https://github.com/gradle/gradle/.
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ do
    esac
 done

-# This is normally unused
-# shellcheck disable=SC2034
-APP_BASE_NAME=${0##*/}
 APP_HOME=$( cd "${APP_HOME:-./}" && pwd -P ) || exit

+APP_NAME="Gradle"
+APP_BASE_NAME=${0##*/}
+
 # Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script.
 DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS='"-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"'

@@ -143,16 +143,12 @@ fi
 if ! "$cygwin" && ! "$darwin" && ! "$nonstop" ; then
    case $MAX_FD in #(
      max*)
-        # In POSIX sh, ulimit -H is undefined. That's why the result is checked to see if it worked.
-        # shellcheck disable=SC3045 
        MAX_FD=$( ulimit -H -n ) ||
            warn "Could not query maximum file descriptor limit"
    esac
    case $MAX_FD in  #(
      '' | soft) :;; #(
      *)
-        # In POSIX sh, ulimit -n is undefined. That's why the result is checked to see if it worked.
-        # shellcheck disable=SC3045 
        ulimit -n "$MAX_FD" ||
            warn "Could not set maximum file descriptor limit to $MAX_FD"
    esac
@@ -209,12 +205,6 @@ set -- \
        org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain \
        "$@"

-# Stop when "xargs" is not available.
-if ! command -v xargs >/dev/null 2>&1
-then
-    die "xargs is not available"
-fi
-
 # Use "xargs" to parse quoted args.
 #
 # With -n1 it outputs one arg per line, with the quotes and backslashes removed.
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
@rem limitations under the License.
@rem

-@if "%DEBUG%"=="" @echo off
+@if "%DEBUG%" == "" @echo off
@rem ##########################################################################
@rem
@rem  Gradle startup script for Windows
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@
 if "%OS%"=="Windows_NT" setlocal

 set DIRNAME=%~dp0
-if "%DIRNAME%"=="" set DIRNAME=.
-@rem This is normally unused
+if "%DIRNAME%" == "" set DIRNAME=.
 set APP_BASE_NAME=%~n0
 set APP_HOME=%DIRNAME%

@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ if defined JAVA_HOME goto findJavaFromJavaHome

 set JAVA_EXE=java.exe
 %JAVA_EXE% -version >NUL 2>&1
-if %ERRORLEVEL% equ 0 goto execute
+if "%ERRORLEVEL%" == "0" goto execute

 echo.
 echo ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.
@@ -76,15 +75,13 @@ set CLASSPATH=%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar

 :end
@rem End local scope for the variables with windows NT shell
-if %ERRORLEVEL% equ 0 goto mainEnd
+if "%ERRORLEVEL%"=="0" goto mainEnd

 :fail
 rem Set variable GRADLE_EXIT_CONSOLE if you need the _script_ return code instead of
 rem the _cmd.exe /c_ return code!
-set EXIT_CODE=%ERRORLEVEL%
-if %EXIT_CODE% equ 0 set EXIT_CODE=1
-if not ""=="%GRADLE_EXIT_CONSOLE%" exit %EXIT_CODE%
-exit /b %EXIT_CODE%
+if  not "" == "%GRADLE_EXIT_CONSOLE%" exit 1
+exit /b 1

 :mainEnd
 if "%OS%"=="Windows_NT" endlocal
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 This document will guide you through the process of importing the Spring Framework
 projects into Eclipse or the Spring Tool Suite (_STS_). It is recommended that you
 have a recent version of Eclipse. As a bare minimum you will need Eclipse with full Java
-17 support and Eclipse Buildship.
+8 support, Eclipse Buildship, and the Groovy plugin.

 The following instructions have been tested against [STS](https://spring.io/tools) 4.12.0
 ([download](https://github.com/spring-projects/sts4/wiki/Previous-Versions#spring-tools-4120-changelog))
@@ -12,14 +12,13 @@ The instructions should work with the latest Eclipse distribution as long as you
 [Buildship](https://marketplace.eclipse.org/content/buildship-gradle-integration). Note
 that STS 4 comes with Buildship preinstalled.

-If you are using Eclipse 4.21, you will need to install
-[Java 17 Support for Eclipse 2021-09 (4.21)](https://marketplace.eclipse.org/content/java-17-support-eclipse-2021-09-421)
-from the Eclipse Marketplace.
-
 ## Steps

 _When instructed to execute `./gradlew` from the command line, be sure to execute it within your locally cloned `spring-framework` working directory._

+1. Install the [Groovy Development Tools](https://marketplace.eclipse.org/content/groovy-development-tools).
+1. Switch to Groovy 3.0 in Eclipse (Preferences &#8594; Groovy &#8594; Compiler &#8594; Switch to 3.0...).
+   - If you encounter build errors stating something similar to _"Groovy: compiler mismatch: project level is 2.5, workspace level is 3.0"_, change the Groovy compiler version to 3.0 for each affected project.
 1. Ensure that the _Forbidden reference (access rule)_ in Eclipse is set to `Info`
 (Preferences &#8594; Java &#8594; Compiler &#8594; Errors/Warnings &#8594; Deprecated and restricted API &#8594; Forbidden reference (access rule)).
 1. Optionally install the [Kotlin Plugin for Eclipse](https://marketplace.eclipse.org/content/kotlin-plugin-eclipse) if you need to execute Kotlin-based tests or develop Kotlin extensions.
@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-plugins {
-	id 'org.springframework.build.runtimehints-agent'
-}
-
 description = "Spring Integration Tests"

 dependencies {
@@ -9,7 +5,6 @@ dependencies {
 	testImplementation(project(":spring-beans"))
 	testImplementation(project(":spring-context"))
 	testImplementation(project(":spring-core"))
-	testImplementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
 	testImplementation(testFixtures(project(":spring-aop")))
 	testImplementation(testFixtures(project(":spring-beans")))
 	testImplementation(testFixtures(project(":spring-core")))
@@ -20,12 +15,12 @@ dependencies {
 	testImplementation(project(":spring-test"))
 	testImplementation(project(":spring-tx"))
 	testImplementation(project(":spring-web"))
-	testImplementation("jakarta.inject:jakarta.inject-api")
-	testImplementation("jakarta.resource:jakarta.resource-api")
-	testImplementation("jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api")
+	testImplementation("javax.inject:javax.inject")
+	testImplementation("javax.resource:javax.resource-api")
+	testImplementation("javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api")
 	testImplementation("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver")
 	testImplementation("org.hsqldb:hsqldb")
-	testImplementation("org.hibernate:hibernate-core-jakarta")
+	testImplementation("org.hibernate:hibernate-core")
 }

 normalization {
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2019 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

 /**
 * Integration tests for scoped proxy use in conjunction with aop: namespace.
- * Deemed an integration test because web mocks and application contexts are required.
+ * Deemed an integration test because .web mocks and application contexts are required.
 *
 * @author Rob Harrop
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.util.List;

-import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

 import org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils;
@@ -1,297 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.aot;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-import java.util.ArrayDeque;
-import java.util.Deque;
-import java.util.ResourceBundle;
-import java.util.stream.Stream;
-
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
-
-import org.springframework.aot.agent.HintType;
-import org.springframework.aot.agent.MethodReference;
-import org.springframework.aot.agent.RecordedInvocation;
-import org.springframework.aot.agent.RecordedInvocationsListener;
-import org.springframework.aot.agent.RecordedInvocationsPublisher;
-import org.springframework.aot.agent.RuntimeHintsAgent;
-import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
-
-/**
- * Integration tests for {@link RuntimeHintsAgent}.
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-@EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent
-public class RuntimeHintsAgentTests {
-
-	private static final ClassLoader classLoader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
-
-	private static Constructor<String> defaultConstructor;
-
-	private static Method toStringMethod;
-
-	private static Method privateGreetMethod;
-
-
-	@BeforeAll
-	public static void classSetup() throws NoSuchMethodException {
-		defaultConstructor = String.class.getConstructor();
-		toStringMethod = String.class.getMethod("toString");
-		privateGreetMethod = PrivateClass.class.getDeclaredMethod("greet");
-	}
-
-
-	@ParameterizedTest
-	@MethodSource("instrumentedReflectionMethods")
-	void shouldInstrumentReflectionMethods(Runnable runnable, MethodReference methodReference) {
-		RecordingSession session = RecordingSession.record(runnable);
-		assertThat(session.recordedInvocations()).hasSize(1);
-		RecordedInvocation invocation = session.recordedInvocations().findFirst().get();
-		assertThat(invocation.getMethodReference()).isEqualTo(methodReference);
-		assertThat(invocation.getStackFrames()).first().matches(frame -> frame.getClassName().equals(RuntimeHintsAgentTests.class.getName()));
-	}
-
-	private static Stream<Arguments> instrumentedReflectionMethods() {
-		return Stream.of(
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						Class.forName("java.lang.String");
-					}
-					catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Class.class, "forName")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> String.class.getClasses(), MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getClasses")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						String.class.getConstructor();
-					}
-					catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getConstructor")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> String.class.getConstructors(), MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getConstructors")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> String.class.getDeclaredClasses(), MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getDeclaredClasses")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						String.class.getDeclaredConstructor();
-					}
-					catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getDeclaredConstructor")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> String.class.getDeclaredConstructors(), MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getDeclaredConstructors")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						String.class.getDeclaredField("value");
-					}
-					catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getDeclaredField")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> String.class.getDeclaredFields(), MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getDeclaredFields")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						String.class.getDeclaredMethod("toString");
-					}
-					catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getDeclaredMethod")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> String.class.getDeclaredMethods(), MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getDeclaredMethods")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						String.class.getField("value");
-					}
-					catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getField")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> String.class.getFields(), MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getFields")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						String.class.getMethod("toString");
-					}
-					catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getMethod")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> String.class.getMethods(), MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getMethods")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						classLoader.loadClass("java.lang.String");
-					}
-					catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(ClassLoader.class, "loadClass")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						defaultConstructor.newInstance();
-					}
-					catch (Exception e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Constructor.class, "newInstance")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						toStringMethod.invoke("");
-					}
-					catch (Exception e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Method.class, "invoke")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-					try {
-						privateGreetMethod.invoke(new PrivateClass());
-					}
-					catch (Exception e) {
-						throw new RuntimeException(e);
-					}
-				}, MethodReference.of(Method.class, "invoke"))
-		);
-	}
-
-	@ParameterizedTest
-	@MethodSource("instrumentedResourceBundleMethods")
-	void shouldInstrumentResourceBundleMethods(Runnable runnable, MethodReference methodReference) {
-		RecordingSession session = RecordingSession.record(runnable);
-		assertThat(session.recordedInvocations(HintType.RESOURCE_BUNDLE)).hasSize(1);
-
-		RecordedInvocation resolution = session.recordedInvocations(HintType.RESOURCE_BUNDLE).findFirst().get();
-		assertThat(resolution.getMethodReference()).isEqualTo(methodReference);
-		assertThat(resolution.getStackFrames()).first().matches(frame -> frame.getClassName().equals(RuntimeHintsAgentTests.class.getName()));
-	}
-
-
-	private static Stream<Arguments> instrumentedResourceBundleMethods() {
-		return Stream.of(
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-							try {
-								ResourceBundle.getBundle("testBundle");
-							}
-							catch (Throwable exc) {
-							}
-						},
-						MethodReference.of(ResourceBundle.class, "getBundle"))
-		);
-	}
-
-	@ParameterizedTest
-	@MethodSource("instrumentedResourcePatternMethods")
-	void shouldInstrumentResourcePatternMethods(Runnable runnable, MethodReference methodReference) {
-		RecordingSession session = RecordingSession.record(runnable);
-		assertThat(session.recordedInvocations(HintType.RESOURCE_PATTERN)).hasSize(1);
-
-		RecordedInvocation resolution = session.recordedInvocations(HintType.RESOURCE_PATTERN).findFirst().get();
-		assertThat(resolution.getMethodReference()).isEqualTo(methodReference);
-		assertThat(resolution.getStackFrames()).first().matches(frame -> frame.getClassName().equals(RuntimeHintsAgentTests.class.getName()));
-	}
-
-
-	private static Stream<Arguments> instrumentedResourcePatternMethods() {
-		return Stream.of(
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> RuntimeHintsAgentTests.class.getResource("sample.txt"),
-						MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getResource")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> RuntimeHintsAgentTests.class.getResourceAsStream("sample.txt"),
-						MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getResourceAsStream")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> classLoader.getResource("sample.txt"),
-						MethodReference.of(ClassLoader.class, "getResource")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> classLoader.getResourceAsStream("sample.txt"),
-						MethodReference.of(ClassLoader.class, "getResourceAsStream")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-							try {
-								classLoader.getResources("sample.txt");
-							}
-							catch (IOException e) {
-							}
-						},
-						MethodReference.of(ClassLoader.class, "getResources")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> {
-							try {
-								RuntimeHintsAgentTests.class.getModule().getResourceAsStream("sample.txt");
-							}
-							catch (IOException e) {
-							}
-						},
-						MethodReference.of(Module.class, "getResourceAsStream")),
-				Arguments.of((Runnable) () -> classLoader.resources("sample.txt"),
-						MethodReference.of(ClassLoader.class, "resources"))
-		);
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void shouldInstrumentStaticMethodHandle() {
-		RecordingSession session = RecordingSession.record(ClassLoader.class::getClasses);
-		assertThat(session.recordedInvocations(HintType.REFLECTION)).hasSize(1);
-
-		RecordedInvocation resolution = session.recordedInvocations(HintType.REFLECTION).findFirst().get();
-		assertThat(resolution.getMethodReference()).isEqualTo(MethodReference.of(Class.class, "getClasses"));
-		assertThat(resolution.getStackFrames()).first().extracting(StackWalker.StackFrame::getClassName)
-				.isEqualTo(RuntimeHintsAgentTests.class.getName() + "$RecordingSession");
-	}
-
-	static class RecordingSession implements RecordedInvocationsListener {
-
-		final Deque<RecordedInvocation> recordedInvocations = new ArrayDeque<>();
-
-		static RecordingSession record(Runnable action) {
-			RecordingSession session = new RecordingSession();
-			RecordedInvocationsPublisher.addListener(session);
-			try {
-				action.run();
-			}
-			finally {
-				RecordedInvocationsPublisher.removeListener(session);
-			}
-			return session;
-		}
-
-		@Override
-		public void onInvocation(RecordedInvocation invocation) {
-			this.recordedInvocations.addLast(invocation);
-		}
-
-		Stream<RecordedInvocation> recordedInvocations() {
-			return this.recordedInvocations.stream();
-		}
-
-		Stream<RecordedInvocation> recordedInvocations(HintType hintType) {
-			return recordedInvocations().filter(invocation -> invocation.getHintType() == hintType);
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	private static class PrivateClass {
-
-		@SuppressWarnings("unused")
-		private String greet() {
-			return "hello";
-		}
-
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.aot.test;
-
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.MemberCategory;
-import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
-import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent;
-import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.RuntimeHintsInvocations;
-import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.RuntimeHintsRecorder;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
-
-
-@EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent
-class ReflectionInvocationsTests {
-
-	@Test
-	void sampleTest() {
-		RuntimeHints hints = new RuntimeHints();
-		hints.reflection().registerType(String.class, MemberCategory.INTROSPECT_PUBLIC_METHODS);
-
-		RuntimeHintsInvocations invocations = RuntimeHintsRecorder.record(() -> {
-			SampleReflection sample = new SampleReflection();
-			sample.sample(); // does Method[] methods = String.class.getMethods();
-		});
-		assertThat(invocations).match(hints);
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void multipleCallsTest() {
-		RuntimeHints hints = new RuntimeHints();
-		hints.reflection().registerType(String.class, MemberCategory.INTROSPECT_PUBLIC_METHODS);
-		hints.reflection().registerType(Integer.class,MemberCategory.INTROSPECT_PUBLIC_METHODS);
-		RuntimeHintsInvocations invocations = RuntimeHintsRecorder.record(() -> {
-			SampleReflection sample = new SampleReflection();
-			sample.multipleCalls(); // does Method[] methods = String.class.getMethods(); methods = Integer.class.getMethods();
-		});
-		assertThat(invocations).match(hints);
-	}
-
-}
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.aot.test;
-
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-
-/**
- * @author Brian Clozel
- * @since 6.0
- */
-public class SampleReflection {
-
-	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
-	public void sample() {
-		String value = "Sample";
-		Method[] methods = String.class.getMethods();
-	}
-
-	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
-	public void multipleCalls() {
-		String value = "Sample";
-		Method[] methods = String.class.getMethods();
-		methods = Integer.class.getMethods();
-	}
-
-}
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class EnableCachingIntegrationTests {
 		ctx.register(Config.class, AspectJCacheConfig.class);
 		// this test is a bit fragile, but gets the job done, proving that an
 		// attempt was made to look up the AJ aspect. It's due to classpath issues
-		// in integration-tests that it's not found.
+		// in .integration-tests that it's not found.
 		assertThatException().isThrownBy(ctx::refresh)
 			.withMessageContaining("AspectJCachingConfiguration");
 	}
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
 import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
 import java.lang.annotation.Target;

-import jakarta.inject.Named;
-import jakarta.inject.Singleton;
+import javax.inject.Named;
+import javax.inject.Singleton;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
@@ -307,18 +308,19 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 		scanner.setIncludeAnnotationConfig(false);
 		scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(definition -> {
 			ScopeMetadata metadata = new ScopeMetadata();
-			if (definition instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition annDef) {
+			if (definition instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
+				AnnotatedBeanDefinition annDef = (AnnotatedBeanDefinition) definition;
 				for (String type : annDef.getMetadata().getAnnotationTypes()) {
-					if (type.equals(jakarta.inject.Singleton.class.getName())) {
+					if (type.equals(javax.inject.Singleton.class.getName())) {
 						metadata.setScopeName(BeanDefinition.SCOPE_SINGLETON);
 						break;
 					}
-					else if (annDef.getMetadata().getMetaAnnotationTypes(type).contains(jakarta.inject.Scope.class.getName())) {
+					else if (annDef.getMetadata().getMetaAnnotationTypes(type).contains(javax.inject.Scope.class.getName())) {
 						metadata.setScopeName(type.substring(type.length() - 13, type.length() - 6).toLowerCase());
 						metadata.setScopedProxyMode(scopedProxyMode);
 						break;
 					}
-					else if (type.startsWith("jakarta.inject")) {
+					else if (type.startsWith("javax.inject")) {
 						metadata.setScopeName(BeanDefinition.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE);
 					}
 				}
@@ -385,14 +387,14 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {

 	@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.TYPE})
 	@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
-	@jakarta.inject.Scope
+	@javax.inject.Scope
 	public @interface RequestScoped {
 	}


 	@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.TYPE})
 	@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
-	@jakarta.inject.Scope
+	@javax.inject.Scope
 	public @interface SessionScoped {
 	}

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ import org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext;
 import org.springframework.context.support.GenericXmlApplicationContext;
 import org.springframework.context.support.StaticApplicationContext;
 import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
+import org.springframework.jca.context.ResourceAdapterApplicationContext;
+import org.springframework.jca.support.SimpleBootstrapContext;
+import org.springframework.jca.work.SimpleTaskWorkManager;
 import org.springframework.mock.env.MockEnvironment;
 import org.springframework.mock.env.MockPropertySource;
 import org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletConfig;
@@ -532,6 +535,22 @@ public class EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests {
 		assertThat(environment.getProperty("pSysProps1")).isEqualTo("pSysProps1Value");
 	}

+	@Test
+	void resourceAdapterApplicationContext() {
+		ResourceAdapterApplicationContext ctx = new ResourceAdapterApplicationContext(new SimpleBootstrapContext(new SimpleTaskWorkManager()));
+
+		assertHasStandardEnvironment(ctx);
+
+		registerEnvironmentBeanDefinition(ctx);
+
+		ctx.setEnvironment(prodEnv);
+		ctx.refresh();
+
+		assertHasEnvironment(ctx, prodEnv);
+		assertEnvironmentBeanRegistered(ctx);
+		assertEnvironmentAwareInvoked(ctx, prodEnv);
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void abstractApplicationContextValidatesRequiredPropertiesOnRefresh() {
 		{
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ class ScheduledAndTransactionalAnnotationIntegrationTests {

 		@Bean
 		PersistenceExceptionTranslator peTranslator() {
-			return mock();
+			return mock(PersistenceExceptionTranslator.class);
 		}

 		@Bean
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class EnableTransactionManagementIntegrationTests {
 		ctx.register(Config.class, AspectJTxConfig.class);
 		// this test is a bit fragile, but gets the job done, proving that an
 		// attempt was made to look up the AJ aspect. It's due to classpath issues
-		// in integration-tests that it's not found.
+		// in .integration-tests that it's not found.
 		assertThatException()
 			.isThrownBy(ctx::refresh)
 			.withMessageContaining("AspectJJtaTransactionManagementConfiguration");
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 			<props>
 				<prop key="setA*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
 				<prop key="rollbackOnly">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
-				<prop key="echoException">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,+jakarta.servlet.ServletException,-java.lang.Exception</prop>
+				<prop key="echoException">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,+javax.servlet.ServletException,-java.lang.Exception</prop>
 			</props>
 		</property>
 	</bean>
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ pluginManagement {
 }

 plugins {
-	id "com.gradle.enterprise" version "3.12.3"
+	id "com.gradle.enterprise" version "3.12.1"
 	id "io.spring.ge.conventions" version "0.0.13"
 }

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ include "spring-context"
 include "spring-context-indexer"
 include "spring-context-support"
 include "spring-core"
-include "spring-core-test"
 include "spring-expression"
 include "spring-instrument"
 include "spring-jcl"
@@ -35,8 +34,6 @@ include "spring-webflux"
 include "spring-webmvc"
 include "spring-websocket"
 include "framework-bom"
-include "framework-docs"
-include "framework-platform"
 include "integration-tests"

 rootProject.name = "spring"
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ dependencies {
 	api(project(":spring-core"))
 	optional("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver")
 	optional("org.apache.commons:commons-pool2")
-	testImplementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
+	optional("com.jamonapi:jamon")
 	testImplementation(testFixtures(project(":spring-beans")))
 	testImplementation(testFixtures(project(":spring-core")))
 	testFixturesImplementation(testFixtures(project(":spring-beans")))
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -78,9 +78,10 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvice implements Advice, AspectJPrecedence
 	 */
 	public static JoinPoint currentJoinPoint() {
 		MethodInvocation mi = ExposeInvocationInterceptor.currentInvocation();
-		if (!(mi instanceof ProxyMethodInvocation pmi)) {
+		if (!(mi instanceof ProxyMethodInvocation)) {
 			throw new IllegalStateException("MethodInvocation is not a Spring ProxyMethodInvocation: " + mi);
 		}
+		ProxyMethodInvocation pmi = (ProxyMethodInvocation) mi;
 		JoinPoint jp = (JoinPoint) pmi.getUserAttribute(JOIN_POINT_KEY);
 		if (jp == null) {
 			jp = new MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint(pmi);
@@ -261,23 +262,25 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvice implements Advice, AspectJPrecedence
 	public void setArgumentNamesFromStringArray(String... args) {
 		this.argumentNames = new String[args.length];
 		for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
-			this.argumentNames[i] = args[i].strip();
+			this.argumentNames[i] = StringUtils.trimWhitespace(args[i]);
 			if (!isVariableName(this.argumentNames[i])) {
 				throw new IllegalArgumentException(
 						"'argumentNames' property of AbstractAspectJAdvice contains an argument name '" +
 						this.argumentNames[i] + "' that is not a valid Java identifier");
 			}
 		}
-		if (this.aspectJAdviceMethod.getParameterCount() == this.argumentNames.length + 1) {
-			// May need to add implicit join point arg name...
-			Class<?> firstArgType = this.aspectJAdviceMethod.getParameterTypes()[0];
-			if (firstArgType == JoinPoint.class ||
-					firstArgType == ProceedingJoinPoint.class ||
-					firstArgType == JoinPoint.StaticPart.class) {
-				String[] oldNames = this.argumentNames;
-				this.argumentNames = new String[oldNames.length + 1];
-				this.argumentNames[0] = "THIS_JOIN_POINT";
-				System.arraycopy(oldNames, 0, this.argumentNames, 1, oldNames.length);
+		if (this.argumentNames != null) {
+			if (this.aspectJAdviceMethod.getParameterCount() == this.argumentNames.length + 1) {
+				// May need to add implicit join point arg name...
+				Class<?> firstArgType = this.aspectJAdviceMethod.getParameterTypes()[0];
+				if (firstArgType == JoinPoint.class ||
+						firstArgType == ProceedingJoinPoint.class ||
+						firstArgType == JoinPoint.StaticPart.class) {
+					String[] oldNames = this.argumentNames;
+					this.argumentNames = new String[oldNames.length + 1];
+					this.argumentNames[0] = "THIS_JOIN_POINT";
+					System.arraycopy(oldNames, 0, this.argumentNames, 1, oldNames.length);
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -653,10 +656,10 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvice implements Advice, AspectJPrecedence
 	@Nullable
 	protected JoinPointMatch getJoinPointMatch() {
 		MethodInvocation mi = ExposeInvocationInterceptor.currentInvocation();
-		if (!(mi instanceof ProxyMethodInvocation pmi)) {
+		if (!(mi instanceof ProxyMethodInvocation)) {
 			throw new IllegalStateException("MethodInvocation is not a Spring ProxyMethodInvocation: " + mi);
 		}
-		return getJoinPointMatch(pmi);
+		return getJoinPointMatch((ProxyMethodInvocation) mi);
 	}

 	// Note: We can't use JoinPointMatch.getClass().getName() as the key, since
@@ -711,9 +714,10 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvice implements Advice, AspectJPrecedence
 			if (this == other) {
 				return true;
 			}
-			if (!(other instanceof AdviceExcludingMethodMatcher otherMm)) {
+			if (!(other instanceof AdviceExcludingMethodMatcher)) {
 				return false;
 			}
+			AdviceExcludingMethodMatcher otherMm = (AdviceExcludingMethodMatcher) other;
 			return this.adviceMethod.equals(otherMm.adviceMethod);
 		}

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2021 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -38,14 +38,6 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 * for an advice method from the pointcut expression, returning, and throwing clauses.
 * If an unambiguous interpretation is not available, it returns {@code null}.
 *
- * <h3>Algorithm Summary</h3>
- * <p>If an unambiguous binding can be deduced, then it is.
- * If the advice requirements cannot possibly be satisfied, then {@code null}
- * is returned. By setting the {@link #setRaiseExceptions(boolean) raiseExceptions}
- * property to {@code true}, descriptive exceptions will be thrown instead of
- * returning {@code null} in the case that the parameter names cannot be discovered.
- *
- * <h3>Algorithm Details</h3>
 * <p>This class interprets arguments in the following way:
 * <ol>
 * <li>If the first parameter of the method is of type {@link JoinPoint}
@@ -73,15 +65,15 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 * zero we proceed to the next stage. If {@code a} &gt; 1 then an
 * {@code AmbiguousBindingException} is raised. If {@code a} == 1,
 * and there are no unbound arguments of type {@code Annotation+},
- * then an {@code IllegalArgumentException} is raised. If there is
+ * then an {@code IllegalArgumentException} is raised. if there is
 * exactly one such argument, then the corresponding parameter name is
 * assigned the value from the pointcut expression.</li>
- * <li>If a {@code returningName} has been set, and there are no unbound arguments
+ * <li>If a returningName has been set, and there are no unbound arguments
 * then an {@code IllegalArgumentException} is raised. If there is
 * more than one unbound argument then an
 * {@code AmbiguousBindingException} is raised. If there is exactly
 * one unbound argument then the corresponding parameter name is assigned
- * the value of the {@code returningName}.</li>
+ * the value &lt;returningName&gt;.</li>
 * <li>If there remain unbound arguments, then the pointcut expression is
 * examined once more for {@code this}, {@code target}, and
 * {@code args} pointcut expressions used in the binding form (binding
@@ -107,12 +99,20 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 * <p>The behavior on raising an {@code IllegalArgumentException} or
 * {@code AmbiguousBindingException} is configurable to allow this discoverer
 * to be used as part of a chain-of-responsibility. By default the condition will
- * be logged and the {@link #getParameterNames(Method)} method will simply return
+ * be logged and the {@code getParameterNames(..)} method will simply return
 * {@code null}. If the {@link #setRaiseExceptions(boolean) raiseExceptions}
 * property is set to {@code true}, the conditions will be thrown as
 * {@code IllegalArgumentException} and {@code AmbiguousBindingException},
 * respectively.
 *
+ * <p>Was that perfectly clear? ;)
+ *
+ * <p>Short version: If an unambiguous binding can be deduced, then it is.
+ * If the advice requirements cannot possibly be satisfied, then {@code null}
+ * is returned. By setting the {@link #setRaiseExceptions(boolean) raiseExceptions}
+ * property to {@code true}, descriptive exceptions will be thrown instead of
+ * returning {@code null} in the case that the parameter names cannot be discovered.
+ *
 * @author Adrian Colyer
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 2.0
@@ -132,17 +132,17 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 	private static final int STEP_REFERENCE_PCUT_BINDING = 7;
 	private static final int STEP_FINISHED = 8;

-	private static final Set<String> singleValuedAnnotationPcds = Set.of(
-			"@this",
-			"@target",
-			"@within",
-			"@withincode",
-			"@annotation");
-
+	private static final Set<String> singleValuedAnnotationPcds = new HashSet<>();
 	private static final Set<String> nonReferencePointcutTokens = new HashSet<>();


 	static {
+		singleValuedAnnotationPcds.add("@this");
+		singleValuedAnnotationPcds.add("@target");
+		singleValuedAnnotationPcds.add("@within");
+		singleValuedAnnotationPcds.add("@withincode");
+		singleValuedAnnotationPcds.add("@annotation");
+
 		Set<PointcutPrimitive> pointcutPrimitives = PointcutParser.getAllSupportedPointcutPrimitives();
 		for (PointcutPrimitive primitive : pointcutPrimitives) {
 			nonReferencePointcutTokens.add(primitive.getName());
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov

 	/** The pointcut expression associated with the advice, as a simple String. */
 	@Nullable
-	private final String pointcutExpression;
+	private String pointcutExpression;

 	private boolean raiseExceptions;

@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov

 	/**
 	 * If {@code afterReturning} advice binds the return value, the
-	 * {@code returning} variable name must be specified.
+	 * returning variable name must be specified.
 	 * @param returningName the name of the returning variable
 	 */
 	public void setReturningName(@Nullable String returningName) {
@@ -206,17 +206,18 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov

 	/**
 	 * If {@code afterThrowing} advice binds the thrown value, the
-	 * {@code throwing} variable name must be specified.
+	 * throwing variable name must be specified.
 	 * @param throwingName the name of the throwing variable
 	 */
 	public void setThrowingName(@Nullable String throwingName) {
 		this.throwingName = throwingName;
 	}

+
 	/**
 	 * Deduce the parameter names for an advice method.
-	 * <p>See the {@link AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer class-level javadoc}
-	 * for this class for details on the algorithm used.
+	 * <p>See the {@link AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer class level javadoc}
+	 * for this class for details of the algorithm used.
 	 * @param method the target {@link Method}
 	 * @return the parameter names
 	 */
@@ -243,18 +244,31 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 			int algorithmicStep = STEP_JOIN_POINT_BINDING;
 			while ((this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments > 0) && algorithmicStep < STEP_FINISHED) {
 				switch (algorithmicStep++) {
-					case STEP_JOIN_POINT_BINDING -> {
+					case STEP_JOIN_POINT_BINDING:
 						if (!maybeBindThisJoinPoint()) {
 							maybeBindThisJoinPointStaticPart();
 						}
-					}
-					case STEP_THROWING_BINDING -> maybeBindThrowingVariable();
-					case STEP_ANNOTATION_BINDING -> maybeBindAnnotationsFromPointcutExpression();
-					case STEP_RETURNING_BINDING -> maybeBindReturningVariable();
-					case STEP_PRIMITIVE_ARGS_BINDING -> maybeBindPrimitiveArgsFromPointcutExpression();
-					case STEP_THIS_TARGET_ARGS_BINDING -> maybeBindThisOrTargetOrArgsFromPointcutExpression();
-					case STEP_REFERENCE_PCUT_BINDING -> maybeBindReferencePointcutParameter();
-					default -> throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown algorithmic step: " + (algorithmicStep - 1));
+						break;
+					case STEP_THROWING_BINDING:
+						maybeBindThrowingVariable();
+						break;
+					case STEP_ANNOTATION_BINDING:
+						maybeBindAnnotationsFromPointcutExpression();
+						break;
+					case STEP_RETURNING_BINDING:
+						maybeBindReturningVariable();
+						break;
+					case STEP_PRIMITIVE_ARGS_BINDING:
+						maybeBindPrimitiveArgsFromPointcutExpression();
+						break;
+					case STEP_THIS_TARGET_ARGS_BINDING:
+						maybeBindThisOrTargetOrArgsFromPointcutExpression();
+						break;
+					case STEP_REFERENCE_PCUT_BINDING:
+						maybeBindReferencePointcutParameter();
+						break;
+					default:
+						throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown algorithmic step: " + (algorithmicStep - 1));
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -308,7 +322,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 	}

 	/**
-	 * If the first parameter is of type JoinPoint or ProceedingJoinPoint, bind "thisJoinPoint" as
+	 * If the first parameter is of type JoinPoint or ProceedingJoinPoint,bind "thisJoinPoint" as
 	 * parameter name and return true, else return false.
 	 */
 	private boolean maybeBindThisJoinPoint() {
@@ -347,14 +361,14 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 					// Second candidate we've found - ambiguous binding
 					throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Binding of throwing parameter '" +
 							this.throwingName + "' is ambiguous: could be bound to argument " +
-							throwableIndex + " or " + i);
+							throwableIndex + " or argument " + i);
 				}
 			}
 		}

 		if (throwableIndex == -1) {
-			throw new IllegalStateException("Binding of throwing parameter '" + this.throwingName +
-					"' could not be completed as no available arguments are a subtype of Throwable");
+			throw new IllegalStateException("Binding of throwing parameter '" + this.throwingName
+					+ "' could not be completed as no available arguments are a subtype of Throwable");
 		}
 		else {
 			bindParameterName(throwableIndex, this.throwingName);
@@ -373,7 +387,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 		if (this.returningName != null) {
 			if (this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments > 1) {
 				throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Binding of returning parameter '" + this.returningName +
-						"' is ambiguous: there are " + this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments + " candidates.");
+						"' is ambiguous, there are " + this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments + " candidates.");
 			}

 			// We're all set... find the unbound parameter, and bind it.
@@ -386,6 +400,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 		}
 	}

+
 	/**
 	 * Parse the string pointcut expression looking for:
 	 * &#64;this, &#64;target, &#64;args, &#64;within, &#64;withincode, &#64;annotation.
@@ -429,7 +444,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 			int numAnnotationSlots = countNumberOfUnboundAnnotationArguments();
 			if (numAnnotationSlots > 1) {
 				throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Found " + varNames.size() +
-						" potential annotation variable(s) and " +
+						" potential annotation variable(s), and " +
 						numAnnotationSlots + " potential argument slots");
 			}
 			else if (numAnnotationSlots == 1) {
@@ -450,7 +465,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 		}
 	}

-	/**
+	/*
 	 * If the token starts meets Java identifier conventions, it's in.
 	 */
 	@Nullable
@@ -471,7 +486,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 		}
 		String[] tokens = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(argsSpec, ",");
 		for (int i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++) {
-			tokens[i] = tokens[i].strip();
+			tokens[i] = StringUtils.trimWhitespace(tokens[i]);
 			String varName = maybeExtractVariableName(tokens[i]);
 			if (varName != null) {
 				varNames.add(varName);
@@ -486,7 +501,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 	private void maybeBindThisOrTargetOrArgsFromPointcutExpression() {
 		if (this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments > 1) {
 			throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Still " + this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments
-					+ " unbound args at this()/target()/args() binding stage, with no way to determine between them");
+					+ " unbound args at this(),target(),args() binding stage, with no way to determine between them");
 		}

 		List<String> varNames = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -518,9 +533,10 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 			}
 		}

+
 		if (varNames.size() > 1) {
 			throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Found " + varNames.size() +
-					" candidate this(), target(), or args() variables but only one unbound argument slot");
+					" candidate this(), target() or args() variables but only one unbound argument slot");
 		}
 		else if (varNames.size() == 1) {
 			for (int j = 0; j < this.parameterNameBindings.length; j++) {
@@ -593,7 +609,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 		// else varNames.size must be 0 and we have nothing to bind.
 	}

-	/**
+	/*
 	 * We've found the start of a binding pointcut at the given index into the
 	 * token array. Now we need to extract the pointcut body and return it.
 	 */
@@ -646,8 +662,8 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 	private void maybeBindPrimitiveArgsFromPointcutExpression() {
 		int numUnboundPrimitives = countNumberOfUnboundPrimitiveArguments();
 		if (numUnboundPrimitives > 1) {
-			throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Found " + numUnboundPrimitives +
-					" unbound primitive arguments with no way to distinguish between them.");
+			throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Found '" + numUnboundPrimitives +
+					"' unbound primitive arguments with no way to distinguish between them.");
 		}
 		if (numUnboundPrimitives == 1) {
 			// Look for arg variable and bind it if we find exactly one...
@@ -693,7 +709,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 		return false;
 	}

-	/**
+	/*
 	 * Return {@code true} if the given argument type is a subclass
 	 * of the given supertype.
 	 */
@@ -721,7 +737,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 		return count;
 	}

-	/**
+	/*
 	 * Find the argument index with the given type, and bind the given
 	 * {@code varName} in that position.
 	 */
@@ -738,10 +754,22 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov


 	/**
-	 * Simple record to hold the extracted text from a pointcut body, together
+	 * Simple struct to hold the extracted text from a pointcut body, together
 	 * with the number of tokens consumed in extracting it.
 	 */
-	private record PointcutBody(int numTokensConsumed, @Nullable String text) {}
+	private static class PointcutBody {
+
+		private int numTokensConsumed;
+
+		@Nullable
+		private String text;
+
+		public PointcutBody(int tokens, @Nullable String text) {
+			this.numTokensConsumed = tokens;
+			this.text = text;
+		}
+	}
+

 	/**
 	 * Thrown in response to an ambiguous binding being detected when
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2012 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ public abstract class AspectJAopUtils {
 	 */
 	@Nullable
 	public static AspectJPrecedenceInformation getAspectJPrecedenceInformationFor(Advisor anAdvisor) {
-		if (anAdvisor instanceof AspectJPrecedenceInformation ajpi) {
-			return ajpi;
+		if (anAdvisor instanceof AspectJPrecedenceInformation) {
+			return (AspectJPrecedenceInformation) anAdvisor;
 		}
 		Advice advice = anAdvisor.getAdvice();
-		if (advice instanceof AspectJPrecedenceInformation ajpi) {
-			return ajpi;
+		if (advice instanceof AspectJPrecedenceInformation) {
+			return (AspectJPrecedenceInformation) advice;
 		}
 		return null;
 	}
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2021 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -63,9 +63,10 @@ public class AspectJAroundAdvice extends AbstractAspectJAdvice implements Method
 	@Override
 	@Nullable
 	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
-		if (!(mi instanceof ProxyMethodInvocation pmi)) {
+		if (!(mi instanceof ProxyMethodInvocation)) {
 			throw new IllegalStateException("MethodInvocation is not a Spring ProxyMethodInvocation: " + mi);
 		}
+		ProxyMethodInvocation pmi = (ProxyMethodInvocation) mi;
 		ProceedingJoinPoint pjp = lazyGetProceedingJoinPoint(pmi);
 		JoinPointMatch jpm = getJoinPointMatch(pmi);
 		return invokeAdviceMethod(pjp, jpm, null, null);
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
@@ -84,17 +85,21 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 public class AspectJExpressionPointcut extends AbstractExpressionPointcut
 		implements ClassFilter, IntroductionAwareMethodMatcher, BeanFactoryAware {

-	private static final Set<PointcutPrimitive> SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES = Set.of(
-			PointcutPrimitive.EXECUTION,
-			PointcutPrimitive.ARGS,
-			PointcutPrimitive.REFERENCE,
-			PointcutPrimitive.THIS,
-			PointcutPrimitive.TARGET,
-			PointcutPrimitive.WITHIN,
-			PointcutPrimitive.AT_ANNOTATION,
-			PointcutPrimitive.AT_WITHIN,
-			PointcutPrimitive.AT_ARGS,
-			PointcutPrimitive.AT_TARGET);
+	private static final Set<PointcutPrimitive> SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES = new HashSet<>();
+
+	static {
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.EXECUTION);
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.ARGS);
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.REFERENCE);
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.THIS);
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.TARGET);
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.WITHIN);
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.AT_ANNOTATION);
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.AT_WITHIN);
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.AT_ARGS);
+		SUPPORTED_PRIMITIVES.add(PointcutPrimitive.AT_TARGET);
+	}
+

 	private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AspectJExpressionPointcut.class);

@@ -200,8 +205,8 @@ public class AspectJExpressionPointcut extends AbstractExpressionPointcut
 	 */
 	@Nullable
 	private ClassLoader determinePointcutClassLoader() {
-		if (this.beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory cbf) {
-			return cbf.getBeanClassLoader();
+		if (this.beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) {
+			return ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) this.beanFactory).getBeanClassLoader();
 		}
 		if (this.pointcutDeclarationScope != null) {
 			return this.pointcutDeclarationScope.getClassLoader();
@@ -335,10 +340,10 @@ public class AspectJExpressionPointcut extends AbstractExpressionPointcut
 		try {
 			MethodInvocation mi = ExposeInvocationInterceptor.currentInvocation();
 			targetObject = mi.getThis();
-			if (!(mi instanceof ProxyMethodInvocation _pmi)) {
+			if (!(mi instanceof ProxyMethodInvocation)) {
 				throw new IllegalStateException("MethodInvocation is not a Spring ProxyMethodInvocation: " + mi);
 			}
-			pmi = _pmi;
+			pmi = (ProxyMethodInvocation) mi;
 			thisObject = pmi.getProxy();
 		}
 		catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
@@ -404,8 +409,8 @@ public class AspectJExpressionPointcut extends AbstractExpressionPointcut
 	}

 	private RuntimeTestWalker getRuntimeTestWalker(ShadowMatch shadowMatch) {
-		if (shadowMatch instanceof DefensiveShadowMatch defensiveShadowMatch) {
-			return new RuntimeTestWalker(defensiveShadowMatch.primary);
+		if (shadowMatch instanceof DefensiveShadowMatch) {
+			return new RuntimeTestWalker(((DefensiveShadowMatch) shadowMatch).primary);
 		}
 		return new RuntimeTestWalker(shadowMatch);
 	}
@@ -422,8 +427,7 @@ public class AspectJExpressionPointcut extends AbstractExpressionPointcut

 	private ShadowMatch getTargetShadowMatch(Method method, Class<?> targetClass) {
 		Method targetMethod = AopUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(method, targetClass);
-		if (targetMethod.getDeclaringClass().isInterface() && targetMethod.getDeclaringClass() != targetClass &&
-				obtainPointcutExpression().getPointcutExpression().contains("." + targetMethod.getName() + "(")) {
+		if (targetMethod.getDeclaringClass().isInterface()) {
 			// Try to build the most specific interface possible for inherited methods to be
 			// considered for sub-interface matches as well, in particular for proxy classes.
 			// Note: AspectJ is only going to take Method.getDeclaringClass() into account.
@@ -519,9 +523,10 @@ public class AspectJExpressionPointcut extends AbstractExpressionPointcut
 		if (this == other) {
 			return true;
 		}
-		if (!(other instanceof AspectJExpressionPointcut otherPc)) {
+		if (!(other instanceof AspectJExpressionPointcut)) {
 			return false;
 		}
+		AspectJExpressionPointcut otherPc = (AspectJExpressionPointcut) other;
 		return ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(this.getExpression(), otherPc.getExpression()) &&
 				ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(this.pointcutDeclarationScope, otherPc.pointcutDeclarationScope) &&
 				ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(this.pointcutParameterNames, otherPc.pointcutParameterNames) &&
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2021 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2018 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -97,9 +97,10 @@ public class AspectJPointcutAdvisor implements PointcutAdvisor, Ordered {
 		if (this == other) {
 			return true;
 		}
-		if (!(other instanceof AspectJPointcutAdvisor otherAdvisor)) {
+		if (!(other instanceof AspectJPointcutAdvisor)) {
 			return false;
 		}
+		AspectJPointcutAdvisor otherAdvisor = (AspectJPointcutAdvisor) other;
 		return this.advice.equals(otherAdvisor.advice);
 	}

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ public abstract class AspectJProxyUtils {
 	private static boolean isAspectJAdvice(Advisor advisor) {
 		return (advisor instanceof InstantiationModelAwarePointcutAdvisor ||
 				advisor.getAdvice() instanceof AbstractAspectJAdvice ||
-				(advisor instanceof PointcutAdvisor pointcutAdvisor &&
-						pointcutAdvisor.getPointcut() instanceof AspectJExpressionPointcut));
+				(advisor instanceof PointcutAdvisor &&
+						((PointcutAdvisor) advisor).getPointcut() instanceof AspectJExpressionPointcut));
 	}

 	static boolean isVariableName(@Nullable String name) {
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2018 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -202,8 +202,8 @@ class RuntimeTestWalker {
 			}
 			Class<?> typeClass = null;
 			ResolvedType type = (ResolvedType) i.getType();
-			if (type instanceof ReferenceType referenceType) {
-				ReferenceTypeDelegate delegate = referenceType.getDelegate();
+			if (type instanceof ReferenceType) {
+				ReferenceTypeDelegate delegate = ((ReferenceType) type).getDelegate();
 				if (delegate instanceof ReflectionBasedReferenceTypeDelegate) {
 					try {
 						ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(myClassField);
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2015 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ public class SingletonAspectInstanceFactory implements AspectInstanceFactory, Se
 	 */
 	@Override
 	public int getOrder() {
-		if (this.aspectInstance instanceof Ordered ordered) {
-			return ordered.getOrder();
+		if (this.aspectInstance instanceof Ordered) {
+			return ((Ordered) this.aspectInstance).getOrder();
 		}
 		return getOrderForAspectClass(this.aspectInstance.getClass());
 	}
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2019 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -117,9 +117,9 @@ public class TypePatternClassFilter implements ClassFilter {
 	}

 	@Override
-	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
-		return (this == obj || (obj instanceof TypePatternClassFilter that &&
-				ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(this.typePattern, that.typePattern)));
+	public boolean equals(Object other) {
+		return (this == other || (other instanceof TypePatternClassFilter &&
+				ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(this.typePattern, ((TypePatternClassFilter) other).typePattern)));
 	}

 	@Override
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2021 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.StringTokenizer;

@@ -51,7 +53,6 @@ import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 * @author Rod Johnson
 * @author Adrian Colyer
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
- * @author Sam Brannen
 * @since 2.0
 */
 public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory implements AspectJAdvisorFactory {
@@ -101,6 +102,14 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory implements AspectJAdvisorFac

 	@Override
 	public void validate(Class<?> aspectClass) throws AopConfigException {
+		// If the parent has the annotation and isn't abstract it's an error
+		Class<?> superclass = aspectClass.getSuperclass();
+		if (superclass.getAnnotation(Aspect.class) != null &&
+				!Modifier.isAbstract(superclass.getModifiers())) {
+			throw new AopConfigException("[" + aspectClass.getName() + "] cannot extend concrete aspect [" +
+					superclass.getName() + "]");
+		}
+
 		AjType<?> ajType = AjTypeSystem.getAjType(aspectClass);
 		if (!ajType.isAspect()) {
 			throw new NotAnAtAspectException(aspectClass);
@@ -121,21 +130,21 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory implements AspectJAdvisorFac
 	 */
 	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 	@Nullable
-	protected static AspectJAnnotation findAspectJAnnotationOnMethod(Method method) {
-		for (Class<?> annotationType : ASPECTJ_ANNOTATION_CLASSES) {
-			AspectJAnnotation annotation = findAnnotation(method, (Class<Annotation>) annotationType);
-			if (annotation != null) {
-				return annotation;
+	protected static AspectJAnnotation<?> findAspectJAnnotationOnMethod(Method method) {
+		for (Class<?> clazz : ASPECTJ_ANNOTATION_CLASSES) {
+			AspectJAnnotation<?> foundAnnotation = findAnnotation(method, (Class<Annotation>) clazz);
+			if (foundAnnotation != null) {
+				return foundAnnotation;
 			}
 		}
 		return null;
 	}

 	@Nullable
-	private static AspectJAnnotation findAnnotation(Method method, Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
-		Annotation annotation = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method, annotationType);
-		if (annotation != null) {
-			return new AspectJAnnotation(annotation);
+	private static <A extends Annotation> AspectJAnnotation<A> findAnnotation(Method method, Class<A> toLookFor) {
+		A result = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method, toLookFor);
+		if (result != null) {
+			return new AspectJAnnotation<>(result);
 		}
 		else {
 			return null;
@@ -154,23 +163,26 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory implements AspectJAdvisorFac


 	/**
-	 * Class modeling an AspectJ annotation, exposing its type enumeration and
+	 * Class modelling an AspectJ annotation, exposing its type enumeration and
 	 * pointcut String.
+	 * @param <A> the annotation type
 	 */
-	protected static class AspectJAnnotation {
+	protected static class AspectJAnnotation<A extends Annotation> {

-		private static final String[] EXPRESSION_ATTRIBUTES = {"pointcut", "value"};
+		private static final String[] EXPRESSION_ATTRIBUTES = new String[] {"pointcut", "value"};

-		private static final Map<Class<?>, AspectJAnnotationType> annotationTypeMap = Map.of(
-				Pointcut.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtPointcut, //
-				Around.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtAround, //
-				Before.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtBefore, //
-				After.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtAfter, //
-				AfterReturning.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtAfterReturning, //
-				AfterThrowing.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtAfterThrowing //
-			);
+		private static Map<Class<?>, AspectJAnnotationType> annotationTypeMap = new HashMap<>(8);

-		private final Annotation annotation;
+		static {
+			annotationTypeMap.put(Pointcut.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtPointcut);
+			annotationTypeMap.put(Around.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtAround);
+			annotationTypeMap.put(Before.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtBefore);
+			annotationTypeMap.put(After.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtAfter);
+			annotationTypeMap.put(AfterReturning.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtAfterReturning);
+			annotationTypeMap.put(AfterThrowing.class, AspectJAnnotationType.AtAfterThrowing);
+		}
+
+		private final A annotation;

 		private final AspectJAnnotationType annotationType;

@@ -178,20 +190,20 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory implements AspectJAdvisorFac

 		private final String argumentNames;

-		public AspectJAnnotation(Annotation annotation) {
+		public AspectJAnnotation(A annotation) {
 			this.annotation = annotation;
 			this.annotationType = determineAnnotationType(annotation);
 			try {
-				this.pointcutExpression = resolvePointcutExpression(annotation);
+				this.pointcutExpression = resolveExpression(annotation);
 				Object argNames = AnnotationUtils.getValue(annotation, "argNames");
-				this.argumentNames = (argNames instanceof String names ? names : "");
+				this.argumentNames = (argNames instanceof String ? (String) argNames : "");
 			}
 			catch (Exception ex) {
 				throw new IllegalArgumentException(annotation + " is not a valid AspectJ annotation", ex);
 			}
 		}

-		private AspectJAnnotationType determineAnnotationType(Annotation annotation) {
+		private AspectJAnnotationType determineAnnotationType(A annotation) {
 			AspectJAnnotationType type = annotationTypeMap.get(annotation.annotationType());
 			if (type != null) {
 				return type;
@@ -199,21 +211,24 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory implements AspectJAdvisorFac
 			throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown annotation type: " + annotation);
 		}

-		private String resolvePointcutExpression(Annotation annotation) {
+		private String resolveExpression(A annotation) {
 			for (String attributeName : EXPRESSION_ATTRIBUTES) {
 				Object val = AnnotationUtils.getValue(annotation, attributeName);
-				if (val instanceof String str && !str.isEmpty()) {
-					return str;
+				if (val instanceof String) {
+					String str = (String) val;
+					if (!str.isEmpty()) {
+						return str;
+					}
 				}
 			}
-			throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to resolve pointcut expression in: " + annotation);
+			throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to resolve expression: " + annotation);
 		}

 		public AspectJAnnotationType getAnnotationType() {
 			return this.annotationType;
 		}

-		public Annotation getAnnotation() {
+		public A getAnnotation() {
 			return this.annotation;
 		}

@@ -238,22 +253,19 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactory implements AspectJAdvisorFac
 	 */
 	private static class AspectJAnnotationParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscoverer {

-		private static final String[] EMPTY_ARRAY = new String[0];
-
 		@Override
 		@Nullable
 		public String[] getParameterNames(Method method) {
 			if (method.getParameterCount() == 0) {
-				return EMPTY_ARRAY;
+				return new String[0];
 			}
-			AspectJAnnotation annotation = findAspectJAnnotationOnMethod(method);
+			AspectJAnnotation<?> annotation = findAspectJAnnotationOnMethod(method);
 			if (annotation == null) {
 				return null;
 			}
 			StringTokenizer nameTokens = new StringTokenizer(annotation.getArgumentNames(), ",");
-			int numTokens = nameTokens.countTokens();
-			if (numTokens > 0) {
-				String[] names = new String[numTokens];
+			if (nameTokens.countTokens() > 0) {
+				String[] names = new String[nameTokens.countTokens()];
 				for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
 					names[i] = nameTokens.nextToken();
 				}
@@ -101,22 +101,24 @@ public class AspectMetadata implements Serializable {
 		this.ajType = ajType;

 		switch (this.ajType.getPerClause().getKind()) {
-			case SINGLETON -> {
+			case SINGLETON:
 				this.perClausePointcut = Pointcut.TRUE;
-			}
-			case PERTARGET, PERTHIS -> {
+				return;
+			case PERTARGET:
+			case PERTHIS:
 				AspectJExpressionPointcut ajexp = new AspectJExpressionPointcut();
 				ajexp.setLocation(aspectClass.getName());
 				ajexp.setExpression(findPerClause(aspectClass));
 				ajexp.setPointcutDeclarationScope(aspectClass);
 				this.perClausePointcut = ajexp;
-			}
-			case PERTYPEWITHIN -> {
+				return;
+			case PERTYPEWITHIN:
 				// Works with a type pattern
 				this.perClausePointcut = new ComposablePointcut(new TypePatternClassFilter(findPerClause(aspectClass)));
-			}
-			default -> throw new AopConfigException(
-					"PerClause " + ajType.getPerClause().getKind() + " not supported by Spring AOP for " + aspectClass);
+				return;
+			default:
+				throw new AopConfigException(
+						"PerClause " + ajType.getPerClause().getKind() + " not supported by Spring AOP for " + aspectClass);
 		}
 	}

--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More