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76 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Sam Brannen ed3d91b929 Update antora-extensions to 1.14.12
See gh-36851
2026-05-28 11:01:56 +02:00
Sam Brannen 731ceb8aca Upgrade to fast-xml-parser 5.7.0 2026-05-27 12:19:12 +02:00
Sam Brannen 6f213fb6a0 Upgrade Antora dependencies 2026-05-27 12:13:00 +02:00
Sam Brannen 131ae59724 Pin Node.js version to 24.15.0
Prior to this commit, the `antora` Gradle task silently failed to build
the reference documentation, since Antora uses the latest LTS release
for Node.js by default, and the latest LTS apparently does not work for
us.
2026-05-27 12:09:02 +02:00
Brian Clozel dd3b3a7c69 Remove 6.0.x and 6.1.x reference docs
Branches are now in commercial support mode.
2026-03-23 09:32:20 +01:00
github-actions[bot] cbe79a9241 Update Antora Spring UI to v0.4.26 2026-03-14 10:10:40 +00:00
Sébastien Deleuze ef4a5fb54c Upgrade Antora dependencies
See gh-36105
See gh-36106
2026-01-07 10:20:21 +01:00
Sam Brannen 8ffaec5d72 Update rsync-antora-reference to v0.0.22
Closes gh-35951
2025-12-02 15:40:24 +01:00
Sam Brannen 578cdb5f7e Update antora-extensions to 1.14.7
Closes gh-35949
2025-12-02 15:38:11 +01:00
Sam Brannen 305a512a55 Stop linking to 6.1.22-SNAPSHOT reference docs
With this commit, we now include snapshots for main (which currently
correlates to 7.0.x), 6.2.x, and 7.0.x to 9.*.x.

Closes gh-35923
2025-11-28 12:59:04 +01:00
github-actions[bot] cf036eeaa3 Update Antora UI Spring to v0.4.25
Closes gh-35877

Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-11-24 14:43:29 +01:00
github-actions[bot] fa8a30f753 Update Antora Spring UI to v0.4.22
Closes gh-35858
2025-11-24 10:17:15 +01:00
github-actions[bot] f63ae425bf Update Antora Spring UI to v0.4.20
Closes gh-35812
2025-11-17 14:21:09 +01:00
github-actions[bot] fa20dd820d Update Antora Spring UI to v0.4.19
Closes gh-35796
2025-11-12 12:33:31 +01:00
Sébastien Deleuze 01cebc85b4 Flip the Java 17/25 order
To use Java 17 as the default.
2025-09-23 18:46:47 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze 6cf89a1e58 Upgrade to Gradle 9.1.0 and Java 25 2025-09-23 18:26:58 +02:00
Brian Clozel e5e8574466 Install both Java 17 and Java 24 for building docs
Docs branches have different Java requirements we should ensure that all
required Java versions are available locally.
2025-06-13 00:52:48 +02:00
Brian Clozel a2cabcbb90 Enable automatic toolchain provisioning 2025-06-12 17:27:03 +02:00
Brian Clozel 9b3625b39e Upgrade to Gradle 8.14.2 2025-06-12 09:33:44 +02:00
Brian Clozel 7232e83807 Fix failing build for docs
As of https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/35007,
the auto-provisioning is disabled for Java runtimes in Gradle.
This makes the build fail because Java 24 is required for building the
docs whereas this action is setting up Java 17.

This commit also upgrades other GitHub actions.
2025-06-12 09:22:16 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze 91afab7723 Fix broken antora task
See https://github.com/spring-io/antora-extensions/pull/43
2025-02-19 16:49:24 +01:00
github-actions[bot] e19a8e58fc Update Antora UI Spring to v0.4.18 (#33899)
Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2024-11-16 17:51:07 +01:00
Sébastien Deleuze 5f2707a7e3 Upgrade Antora extensions to 1.14.2
It adds support to external link CSS style via
override-navigation-builder-extension.
2024-10-22 08:46:36 +02:00
github-actions[bot] 92ecef74ec Update Antora Spring UI to v0.4.17 2024-10-16 14:12:11 +02:00
Stéphane Nicoll 11c9373439 Polish 2024-08-22 11:09:18 +02:00
Stéphane Nicoll 6f8db2cfd3 Upgrade to Java 17.0.12 2024-08-22 10:33:30 +02:00
Stéphane Nicoll bff8cff03b Upgrade to Gradle 8.9 2024-08-22 10:32:50 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze c55979b8a9 Build documentation branches only for 6.1 and later
To avoid a duplication error caused by a conflict between the
6.0.x branch and the v6.0.23 tag.
2024-08-16 17:01:00 +02:00
github-actions[bot] 097c773b91 Update Antora Spring UI to v0.4.16 2024-06-17 10:06:44 +00:00
Sébastien Deleuze 431cce0b1e Upgrade to Gradle 8.7 2024-05-27 16:57:12 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze 0ed87a350c Revert "Add update-antora-ui-spring.yml workflow"
This reverts commit 1a43d698d1.
2024-05-27 16:53:11 +02:00
Marcus Hert Da Coregio 1a43d698d1 Add update-antora-ui-spring.yml workflow 2024-05-24 16:55:10 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze 94c5481e9e Remove per-branch-antora-playbook.yml
Not needed anymore due to gh-32864.
2024-05-22 16:47:44 +02:00
Rob Winch 41675587ea Modernize Antora Build
- Use package.json so dependabot can automatically update JS dependencies
- Use @springio/antora-extensions (automatically apply default extensions
  in proper order)
- Leverage set-algolia-env-extension to manage algolia env variables
- Update to latest ui

Closes gh-32863
2024-05-22 16:45:17 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze b14a20161f Update spring-doc-actions to 0.0.16 2024-05-16 18:00:25 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze 10e5029e88 Upgrade to antora-ui-spring 0.4.13
See https://github.com/spring-io/antora-ui-spring/pull/234
2024-05-15 18:44:01 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze 4b2552f498 Upgrade to antora-ui-spring 0.4.12 in per-branch-antora-playbook.yml 2024-04-05 10:31:54 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze 554f15262d Upgrade to antora-ui-spring 0.4.12 2024-04-05 10:00:45 +02:00
Sébastien Deleuze 9fc8046728 Upgrade asciidoctor-extensions to 1.0.0-alpha.10
See gh-22171
2024-03-07 18:03:52 +01:00
Rob Winch 9b60075085 Fixes atlas-extension order
The atlas-extension must be registered before the latest-version-extension
so that the latest version logic is applied to versions imported from the
atlas-extension.

Closes gh-32067
2024-01-22 20:40:47 +01:00
Sébastien Deleuze aa2ea2055d Enable .htaccess generation on per branch builds
See gh-32044
2024-01-19 18:34:54 +01:00
Rob Winch f9c1e6053c Update to spring-io/spring-doc-actions v0.0.14 2024-01-19 17:16:05 +01:00
Rob Winch 2362a142c1 Update to antora-extensions 1.8.2 2024-01-19 09:16:27 +01:00
Stéphane Nicoll b656bb4855 Merge pull request #31701 from rwinch/docs-build-version-updates
Docs build version updates
2023-11-28 10:33:31 +01:00
Rob Winch c6eb4c0eae antora-extensions 1.7.0 2023-11-27 23:36:33 -06:00
Rob Winch 57c6cc83da antora-ui-spring v0.4.9 2023-11-27 23:36:33 -06:00
Rob Winch 1943aad216 Remove @opendevise/antora-release-line-extension
This causes conflicts with latest-version-extension and needs removed.

Closes gh-31480
2023-10-25 19:40:40 +02:00
Rob Winch 57b9a57452 Add Search in all Spring Docs
Closes gh-31290
2023-09-22 10:25:36 +02:00
Rob Winch 35f3e5d664 Update to antora-ui-spring 0.3.6 2023-09-08 08:36:24 +01:00
Rob Winch d88eccc837 Update to antora-ui-spring 0.3.5 2023-08-28 14:04:55 -05:00
Stephane Nicoll 3f8db79e1c Docs build updates
Closes gh-31022
2023-08-10 15:51:16 +02:00
Rob Winch e30e453bb4 Use bust-cloudflare-antora-cache@v0.0.11
Various bug fixes and features
2023-08-09 17:11:59 -05:00
Rob Winch edc01f4957 Add caching for the collector
Cache the collector output for tags which speeds up builds with tags.

- Add inject-collector-cache-config-extension
- Update deployment to include the cache in the site
- Update rsync-antora-referece to handle the cache properly
2023-08-09 17:11:17 -05:00
Rob Winch a53a17c01a Add the partial build extension
Allows partial builds to occur from other branches.
2023-08-09 17:08:29 -05:00
Rob Winch 6c95ee2334 latest-version-extension before collector-extension
This ensures that the versions that do not need to be built will be removed
prior to running the collector on them and thus saving time.
2023-08-09 17:07:57 -05:00
Rob Winch 6236ed56e4 Update to antora-extensions 1.4.2 2023-08-09 17:07:06 -05:00
Rob Winch 6455960cf1 Fix space to tabs 2023-08-09 17:06:53 -05:00
Rob Winch 3771743082 Use a map for antora.options 2023-08-09 17:06:36 -05:00
Rob Winch 1e3b4cdc34 Fix site.url
This was causing the .htaccess file to be generated incorrectly which
prevented redirects from happening properly.

Closes gh-31018
2023-08-09 17:04:47 -05:00
Rob Winch 889c9c7de4 Update to antora-ui-spring 0.3.3 2023-07-18 11:14:26 -05:00
Rob Winch da97ab1dea Update to spring-antora-ui v0.3.2 2023-07-12 17:31:20 +01:00
Rob Winch 9ac9cd15fb Update to antora-ui-spring v0.3.1
- Adds GitHub Project Link
- Adds Stackoverflow Link
- Adds Related Documentation links
2023-07-12 17:07:52 +01:00
Stéphane Nicoll 621f0a6568 Merge pull request #30673 from rwinch/spring-doc-actions-v0.0.8
Upgrade to spring-doc-actions 0.0.8
2023-06-19 15:48:41 +02:00
Rob Winch 6fb9e4a9ea Update to spring-doc-actions 0.0.8 2023-06-14 15:47:23 -05:00
rstoyanchev 3881954125 Roll back rsync-antora-reference to 0.0.5 for now 2023-06-14 20:04:24 +01:00
Rob Winch 42a4409c73 Update to antora-ui-spring v0.3.0 2023-06-14 19:52:49 +01:00
Rob Winch 6c5ef6db1e Add bust-cloudflare-antora-cache
This is necessary so that the css and JavaScript cache will be busted
when updates are deployed
2023-06-14 19:52:49 +01:00
rstoyanchev f4ccf68458 Revert "Use cached playbook in build dir"
This reverts commit 4aa824d456.

See gh-30481
2023-05-23 15:10:24 +01:00
Rob Winch 4aa824d456 Use cached playbook in build dir
Closes gh-30466
2023-05-10 17:38:01 +01:00
rstoyanchev 6a68b4d299 Polishing
Closes gh-30453
2023-05-10 17:36:32 +01:00
Rob Winch 28cc8b7a08 Include future Spring branches and Releases
See gh-30453
2023-05-10 17:36:32 +01:00
Rob Winch 317eee83ac Enable tabs-sync-option
This ensures that the tabs are synced across pages. See
https://github.com/asciidoctor/asciidoctor-tabs#tabs-sync
2023-05-05 17:17:21 +01:00
Rob Winch 81e9a8a26d rwinch to spring-projects 2023-05-04 17:48:59 +01:00
rstoyanchev a2337b73e0 Add main branch to antora-playbook
Closes gh-30415
2023-05-04 15:54:49 +01:00
Rob Winch 8422f0f5b7 Initial 2023-05-03 00:20:21 -05:00
rstoyanchev dc3c016712 Add .gitignore 2023-04-24 15:38:47 +01:00
10158 changed files with 224 additions and 1524389 deletions
-10
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@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
root = true
[*.{adoc,bat,groovy,html,java,js,jsp,kt,kts,md,properties,py,rb,sh,sql,svg,txt,xml,xsd}]
charset = utf-8
[*.{groovy,java,kt,kts,xml,xsd}]
indent_style = tab
indent_size = 4
continuation_indent_size = 8
end_of_line = lf
-16
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@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
# Normalize line endings to LF.
* text eol=lf
# Ensure that line endings for multipart files in spring-web are not modified.
*.multipart -text
# Ensure that line endings for DOS batch files are not modified.
*.bat -text
# Ensure the following are treated as binary.
*.gif binary
*.jar binary
*.jpeg binary
*.jpg binary
*.png binary
*.vsd binary
-17
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@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
<!--
!!! For Security Vulnerabilities, please go to https://spring.io/security-policy !!!
-->
**Affects:** \<Spring Framework version>
---
<!--
Thanks for taking the time to create an issue. Please read the following:
- Questions should be asked on Stack Overflow.
- For bugs, specify affected versions and explain what you are trying to do.
- For enhancements, provide context and describe the problem.
Issue or Pull Request? Create only one, not both. GitHub treats them as the same.
If unsure, start with an issue, and if you submit a pull request later, the
issue will be closed as superseded.
-->
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
name: Await HTTP Resource
description: Waits for an HTTP resource to be available (a HEAD request succeeds)
inputs:
url:
description: 'The URL of the resource to await'
required: true
runs:
using: composite
steps:
- name: Await HTTP resource
shell: bash
run: |
url=${{ inputs.url }}
echo "Waiting for $url"
until curl --fail --head --silent ${{ inputs.url }} > /dev/null
do
echo "."
sleep 60
done
echo "$url is available"
-56
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@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
name: 'Build'
description: 'Builds the project, optionally publishing it to a local deployment repository'
inputs:
java-version:
required: false
default: '17'
description: 'The Java version to compile and test with'
java-early-access:
required: false
default: 'false'
description: 'Whether the Java version is in early access'
java-toolchain:
required: false
default: 'false'
description: 'Whether a Java toolchain should be used'
publish:
required: false
default: 'false'
description: 'Whether to publish artifacts ready for deployment to Artifactory'
develocity-access-key:
required: false
description: 'The access key for authentication with ge.spring.io'
outputs:
build-scan-url:
description: 'The URL, if any, of the build scan produced by the build'
value: ${{ (inputs.publish == 'true' && steps.publish.outputs.build-scan-url) || steps.build.outputs.build-scan-url }}
version:
description: 'The version that was built'
value: ${{ steps.read-version.outputs.version }}
runs:
using: composite
steps:
- name: Prepare Gradle Build
uses: ./.github/actions/prepare-gradle-build
with:
develocity-access-key: ${{ inputs.develocity-access-key }}
java-version: ${{ inputs.java-version }}
java-early-access: ${{ inputs.java-early-access }}
java-toolchain: ${{ inputs.java-toolchain }}
- name: Build
id: build
if: ${{ inputs.publish == 'false' }}
shell: bash
run: ./gradlew check antora
- name: Publish
id: publish
if: ${{ inputs.publish == 'true' }}
shell: bash
run: ./gradlew -PdeploymentRepository=$(pwd)/deployment-repository build publishAllPublicationsToDeploymentRepository
- name: Read Version From gradle.properties
id: read-version
shell: bash
run: |
version=$(sed -n 's/version=\(.*\)/\1/p' gradle.properties)
echo "Version is $version"
echo "version=$version" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
name: Create GitHub Release
description: Create the release on GitHub with a changelog
inputs:
milestone:
description: Name of the GitHub milestone for which a release will be created
required: true
token:
description: Token to use for authentication with GitHub
required: true
runs:
using: composite
steps:
- name: Generate Changelog
uses: spring-io/github-changelog-generator@185319ad7eaa75b0e8e72e4b6db19c8b2cb8c4c1 #v0.0.11
with:
milestone: ${{ inputs.milestone }}
token: ${{ inputs.token }}
config-file: .github/actions/create-github-release/changelog-generator.yml
- name: Create GitHub Release
env:
GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ inputs.token }}
shell: bash
run: gh release create ${{ format('v{0}', inputs.milestone) }} --notes-file changelog.md
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
changelog:
repository: spring-projects/spring-framework
sections:
- title: ":star: New Features"
labels:
- "type: enhancement"
- title: ":lady_beetle: Bug Fixes"
labels:
- "type: bug"
- "type: regression"
- title: ":notebook_with_decorative_cover: Documentation"
labels:
- "type: documentation"
- title: ":hammer: Dependency Upgrades"
sort: "title"
labels:
- "type: dependency-upgrade"
contributors:
exclude:
names:
- "bclozel"
- "jhoeller"
- "poutsma"
- "rstoyanchev"
- "sbrannen"
- "sdeleuze"
- "simonbasle"
- "snicoll"
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
name: 'Prepare Gradle Build'
description: 'Prepares a Gradle build. Sets up Java and Gradle and configures Gradle properties'
inputs:
java-version:
required: false
default: '17'
description: 'The Java version to use for the build'
java-early-access:
required: false
default: 'false'
description: 'Whether the Java version is in early access'
java-toolchain:
required: false
default: 'false'
description: 'Whether a Java toolchain should be used'
develocity-access-key:
required: false
description: 'The access key for authentication with ge.spring.io'
runs:
using: composite
steps:
- name: Set Up Java
uses: actions/setup-java@v4
with:
distribution: ${{ inputs.java-early-access == 'true' && 'temurin' || 'liberica' }}
java-version: |
${{ inputs.java-early-access == 'true' && format('{0}-ea', inputs.java-version) || inputs.java-version }}
${{ inputs.java-toolchain == 'true' && '17' || '' }}
- name: Set Up Gradle
uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@d9c87d481d55275bb5441eef3fe0e46805f9ef70 # v3.5.0
with:
cache-read-only: false
develocity-access-key: ${{ inputs.develocity-access-key }}
- name: Configure Gradle Properties
shell: bash
run: |
mkdir -p $HOME/.gradle
echo 'systemProp.user.name=spring-builds+github' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
echo 'systemProp.org.gradle.internal.launcher.welcomeMessageEnabled=false' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
echo 'org.gradle.daemon=false' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
echo 'org.gradle.daemon=4' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
- name: Configure Toolchain Properties
if: ${{ inputs.java-toolchain == 'true' }}
shell: bash
run: |
echo toolchainVersion=${{ inputs.java-version }} >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
echo systemProp.org.gradle.java.installations.auto-detect=false >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
echo systemProp.org.gradle.java.installations.auto-download=false >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
echo systemProp.org.gradle.java.installations.paths=${{ format('$JAVA_HOME_{0}_X64', inputs.java-version) }} >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
name: Send Notification
description: Sends a Google Chat message as a notification of the job's outcome
inputs:
webhook-url:
description: 'Google Chat Webhook URL'
required: true
status:
description: 'Status of the job'
required: true
build-scan-url:
description: 'URL of the build scan to include in the notification'
run-name:
description: 'Name of the run to include in the notification'
default: ${{ format('{0} {1}', github.ref_name, github.job) }}
runs:
using: composite
steps:
- shell: bash
run: |
echo "BUILD_SCAN=${{ inputs.build-scan-url == '' && ' [build scan unavailable]' || format(' [<{0}|Build Scan>]', inputs.build-scan-url) }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
echo "RUN_URL=${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
- shell: bash
if: ${{ inputs.status == 'success' }}
run: |
curl -X POST '${{ inputs.webhook-url }}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{ text: "<${{ env.RUN_URL }}|${{ inputs.run-name }}> was successful ${{ env.BUILD_SCAN }}"}' || true
- shell: bash
if: ${{ inputs.status == 'failure' }}
run: |
curl -X POST '${{ inputs.webhook-url }}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{ text: "<users/all> *<${{ env.RUN_URL }}|${{ inputs.run-name }}> failed* ${{ env.BUILD_SCAN }}"}' || true
- shell: bash
if: ${{ inputs.status == 'cancelled' }}
run: |
curl -X POST '${{ inputs.webhook-url }}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{ text: "<${{ env.RUN_URL }}|${{ inputs.run-name }}> was cancelled"}' || true
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
name: Sync to Maven Central
description: Syncs a release to Maven Central and waits for it to be available for use
inputs:
jfrog-cli-config-token:
description: 'Config token for the JFrog CLI'
required: true
spring-framework-version:
description: 'The version of Spring Framework that is being synced to Central'
required: true
ossrh-s01-token-username:
description: 'Username for authentication with s01.oss.sonatype.org'
required: true
ossrh-s01-token-password:
description: 'Password for authentication with s01.oss.sonatype.org'
required: true
ossrh-s01-staging-profile:
description: 'Staging profile to use when syncing to Central'
required: true
runs:
using: composite
steps:
- name: Set Up JFrog CLI
uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@105617d23456a69a92485207c4f28ae12297581d # v4.2.1
env:
JF_ENV_SPRING: ${{ inputs.jfrog-cli-config-token }}
- name: Download Release Artifacts
shell: bash
run: jf rt download --spec ${{ format('{0}/artifacts.spec', github.action_path) }} --spec-vars 'buildName=${{ format('spring-framework-{0}', inputs.spring-framework-version) }};buildNumber=${{ github.run_number }}'
- name: Sync
uses: spring-io/nexus-sync-action@42477a2230a2f694f9eaa4643fa9e76b99b7ab84 # v0.0.1
with:
username: ${{ inputs.ossrh-s01-token-username }}
password: ${{ inputs.ossrh-s01-token-password }}
staging-profile-name: ${{ inputs.ossrh-s01-staging-profile }}
create: true
upload: true
close: true
release: true
generate-checksums: true
- name: Await
uses: ./.github/actions/await-http-resource
with:
url: ${{ format('https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/springframework/spring-context/{0}/spring-context-{0}.jar', inputs.spring-framework-version) }}
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
{
"files": [
{
"aql": {
"items.find": {
"$and": [
{
"@build.name": "${buildName}",
"@build.number": "${buildNumber}",
"path": {
"$nmatch": "org/springframework/framework-api/*"
}
}
]
}
},
"target": "nexus/"
}
]
}
-34
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@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
name: Backport Bot
on:
issues:
types: [labeled]
pull_request:
types: [labeled]
push:
branches:
- '*.x'
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
build:
permissions:
contents: read
issues: write
pull-requests: write
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Check out code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Set up Java
uses: actions/setup-java@v4
with:
distribution: 'liberica'
java-version: 17
- name: Download BackportBot
run: wget https://github.com/spring-io/backport-bot/releases/download/latest/backport-bot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
- name: Backport
env:
GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
GITHUB_EVENT: ${{ toJSON(github.event) }}
run: java -jar backport-bot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --github.accessToken="$GITHUB_TOKEN" --github.event_name "$GITHUB_EVENT_NAME" --github.event "$GITHUB_EVENT"
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
name: Build and Deploy Snapshot
on:
push:
branches:
- 6.1.x
concurrency:
group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
jobs:
build-and-deploy-snapshot:
name: Build and Deploy Snapshot
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
timeout-minutes: 60
if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' }}
steps:
- name: Check Out Code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Build and Publish
id: build-and-publish
uses: ./.github/actions/build
with:
develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
publish: true
- name: Deploy
uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@26bbe925a75f4f863e1e529e85be2d0093cac116 # v0.0.1
with:
uri: 'https://repo.spring.io'
username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
build-name: 'spring-framework-6.1.x'
repository: 'libs-snapshot-local'
folder: 'deployment-repository'
signing-key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
signing-passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
artifact-properties: |
/**/framework-api-*.zip::zip.name=spring-framework,zip.deployed=false
/**/framework-api-*-docs.zip::zip.type=docs
/**/framework-api-*-schema.zip::zip.type=schema
- name: Send Notification
uses: ./.github/actions/send-notification
if: always()
with:
webhook-url: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_CHAT_WEBHOOK_URL }}
status: ${{ job.status }}
build-scan-url: ${{ steps.build-and-publish.outputs.build-scan-url }}
run-name: ${{ format('{0} | Linux | Java 17', github.ref_name) }}
outputs:
version: ${{ steps.build-and-publish.outputs.version }}
verify:
name: Verify
needs: build-and-deploy-snapshot
uses: ./.github/workflows/verify.yml
secrets:
google-chat-webhook-url: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_CHAT_WEBHOOK_URL }}
repository-password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
repository-username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}
with:
version: ${{ needs.build-and-deploy-snapshot.outputs.version }}
-58
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@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
name: CI
on:
push:
branches:
- 6.1.x
concurrency:
group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
jobs:
ci:
name: '${{ matrix.os.name}} | Java ${{ matrix.java.version}}'
runs-on: ${{ matrix.os.id }}
timeout-minutes: 60
if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' }}
strategy:
matrix:
os:
- id: ubuntu-latest
name: Linux
java:
- version: 17
toolchain: false
- version: 21
toolchain: true
- version: 22
toolchain: true
- version: 23
early-access: true
toolchain: true
exclude:
- os:
name: Linux
java:
version: 17
steps:
- name: Prepare Windows runner
if: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' }}
run: |
git config --global core.autocrlf true
git config --global core.longPaths true
Stop-Service -name Docker
- name: Check Out Code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Build
id: build
uses: ./.github/actions/build
with:
java-version: ${{ matrix.java.version }}
java-early-access: ${{ matrix.java.early-access || 'false' }}
java-toolchain: ${{ matrix.java.toolchain }}
develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
- name: Send Notification
uses: ./.github/actions/send-notification
if: always()
with:
webhook-url: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_CHAT_WEBHOOK_URL }}
status: ${{ job.status }}
build-scan-url: ${{ steps.build.outputs.build-scan-url }}
run-name: ${{ format('{0} | {1} | Java {2}', github.ref_name, matrix.os.name, matrix.java.version) }}
+50 -27
View File
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
name: Deploy Docs
name: Build and Deploy Documentation
run-name: ${{ format('{0} ({1})', github.workflow, github.event.inputs.build-refname || 'all') }}
on:
push:
branches:
- 'main'
- '*.x'
- '!gh-pages'
tags:
- 'v*'
repository_dispatch:
types: request-build-reference # legacy
workflow_dispatch:
permissions:
actions: write
inputs:
build-refname:
description: Enter git refname to build (e.g., 5.7.x).
required: false
push:
branches: docs-build
env:
GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
permissions: read-all
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
build-and-deploy-docs:
name: Build and Deploy Documentation
if: github.repository_owner == 'spring-projects'
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Check out code
- name: Check Out
uses: actions/checkout@v4
with:
ref: docs-build
fetch-depth: 1
- name: Dispatch (partial build)
if: github.ref_type == 'branch'
env:
GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
run: gh workflow run deploy-docs.yml -r $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) -f build-refname=${{ github.ref_name }}
- name: Dispatch (full build)
if: github.ref_type == 'tag'
env:
GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
run: gh workflow run deploy-docs.yml -r $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)
fetch-depth: 5
- name: Set Up Java
uses: actions/setup-java@v4
with:
distribution: 'liberica'
java-version: |
25
17
- name: Set Up Gradle
uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@ac638b010cf58a27ee6c972d7336334ccaf61c96 # v4.4.1
with:
cache-read-only: false
- name: Set up refname build
if: github.event.inputs.build-refname
run: |
git fetch --depth 1 https://github.com/$GITHUB_REPOSITORY ${{ github.event.inputs.build-refname }}
echo BUILD_REFNAME=${{ github.event.inputs.build-refname }} >> $GITHUB_ENV
echo BUILD_VERSION=$(git cat-file --textconv FETCH_HEAD:gradle.properties | sed -n '/^version=/ { s/^version=//;p }') >> $GITHUB_ENV
- name: Run Antora
run: ./gradlew antora
- name: Copy the cache to be included in the site
run: cp -rf build/antora/inject-collector-cache-config-extension/.cache build/site/
- name: Publish Docs
uses: spring-io/spring-doc-actions/rsync-antora-reference@v0.0.22
with:
docs-username: ${{ secrets.DOCS_USERNAME }}
docs-host: ${{ secrets.DOCS_HOST }}
docs-ssh-key: ${{ secrets.DOCS_SSH_KEY }}
docs-ssh-host-key: ${{ secrets.DOCS_SSH_HOST_KEY }}
- name: Bust Cloudflare Cache
uses: spring-io/spring-doc-actions/bust-cloudflare-antora-cache@v0.0.22
with:
context-root: spring-framework
cloudflare-zone-id: ${{ secrets.CLOUDFLARE_ZONE_ID }}
cloudflare-cache-token: ${{ secrets.CLOUDFLARE_CACHE_TOKEN }}
-94
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@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
name: Release
on:
push:
tags:
- v6.1.[0-9]+
concurrency:
group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
jobs:
build-and-stage-release:
if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' }}
name: Build and Stage Release
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Check Out Code
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Build and Publish
id: build-and-publish
uses: ./.github/actions/build
with:
develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.GRADLE_ENTERPRISE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
publish: true
- name: Stage Release
uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@26bbe925a75f4f863e1e529e85be2d0093cac116 # v0.0.1
with:
uri: 'https://repo.spring.io'
username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
build-name: ${{ format('spring-framework-{0}', steps.build-and-publish.outputs.version)}}
repository: 'libs-staging-local'
folder: 'deployment-repository'
signing-key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
signing-passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
artifact-properties: |
/**/framework-api-*.zip::zip.name=spring-framework,zip.deployed=false
/**/framework-api-*-docs.zip::zip.type=docs
/**/framework-api-*-schema.zip::zip.type=schema
outputs:
version: ${{ steps.build-and-publish.outputs.version }}
verify:
name: Verify
needs: build-and-stage-release
uses: ./.github/workflows/verify.yml
with:
staging: true
version: ${{ needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version }}
secrets:
google-chat-webhook-url: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_CHAT_WEBHOOK_URL }}
repository-password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
repository-username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}
sync-to-maven-central:
name: Sync to Maven Central
needs:
- build-and-stage-release
- verify
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Check Out Code
uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
- name: Sync to Maven Central
uses: ./.github/actions/sync-to-maven-central
with:
jfrog-cli-config-token: ${{ secrets.JF_ARTIFACTORY_SPRING }}
ossrh-s01-staging-profile: ${{ secrets.OSSRH_S01_STAGING_PROFILE }}
ossrh-s01-token-password: ${{ secrets.OSSRH_S01_TOKEN_PASSWORD }}
ossrh-s01-token-username: ${{ secrets.OSSRH_S01_TOKEN_USERNAME }}
spring-framework-version: ${{ needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version }}
promote-release:
name: Promote Release
needs:
- build-and-stage-release
- sync-to-maven-central
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Set up JFrog CLI
uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@105617d23456a69a92485207c4f28ae12297581d # v4.2.1
env:
JF_ENV_SPRING: ${{ secrets.JF_ARTIFACTORY_SPRING }}
- name: Promote build
run: jfrog rt build-promote ${{ format('spring-framework-{0}', needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version)}} ${{ github.run_number }} libs-release-local
create-github-release:
name: Create GitHub Release
needs:
- build-and-stage-release
- promote-release
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Check Out Code
uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
- name: Create GitHub Release
uses: ./.github/actions/create-github-release
with:
milestone: ${{ needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version }}
token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
name: "Validate Gradle Wrapper"
on: [push, pull_request]
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
validation:
name: "Validate Gradle Wrapper"
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- uses: gradle/actions/wrapper-validation@d9c87d481d55275bb5441eef3fe0e46805f9ef70 # v3.5.0
-71
View File
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
name: Verify
on:
workflow_call:
inputs:
version:
required: true
type: string
staging:
required: false
default: false
type: boolean
secrets:
repository-username:
required: false
repository-password:
required: false
google-chat-webhook-url:
required: true
token:
required: true
jobs:
verify:
name: Verify
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Check Out Release Verification Tests
uses: actions/checkout@v4
with:
repository: spring-projects/spring-framework-release-verification
ref: 'v0.0.2'
token: ${{ secrets.token }}
- name: Check Out Send Notification Action
uses: actions/checkout@v4
with:
path: spring-framework
sparse-checkout: .github/actions/send-notification
- name: Set Up Java
uses: actions/setup-java@v4
with:
distribution: 'liberica'
java-version: 17
- name: Set Up Gradle
uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@d9c87d481d55275bb5441eef3fe0e46805f9ef70 # v3.5.0
with:
cache-read-only: false
- name: Configure Gradle Properties
shell: bash
run: |
mkdir -p $HOME/.gradle
echo 'org.gradle.daemon=false' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
- name: Run Release Verification Tests
env:
RVT_VERSION: ${{ inputs.version }}
RVT_RELEASE_TYPE: oss
RVT_STAGING: ${{ inputs.staging }}
RVT_OSS_REPOSITORY_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.repository-username }}
RVT_OSS_REPOSITORY_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.repository-password }}
run: ./gradlew spring-framework-release-verification-tests:test
- name: Upload Build Reports on Failure
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
if: failure()
with:
name: build-reports
path: '**/build/reports/'
- name: Send Notification
uses: ./spring-framework/.github/actions/send-notification
if: failure()
with:
webhook-url: ${{ secrets.google-chat-webhook-url }}
status: ${{ job.status }}
run-name: ${{ format('{0} | Verification | {1}', github.ref_name, inputs.version) }}
+2 -1
View File
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ derby.log
/build
buildSrc/build
/spring-*/build
/framework-*/build
/framework-bom/build
/framework-docs/build
/integration-tests/build
/src/asciidoc/build
spring-test/test-output/
-135
View File
@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
# Contributing to the Spring Framework
First off, thank you for taking the time to contribute! :+1: :tada:
### Table of Contents
* [Code of Conduct](#code-of-conduct)
* [How to Contribute](#how-to-contribute)
* [Ask questions](#ask-questions)
* [Create an Issue](#create-an-issue)
* [Issue Lifecycle](#issue-lifecycle)
* [Submit a Pull Request](#submit-a-pull-request)
* [Build from Source](#build-from-source)
* [Source Code Style](#source-code-style)
* [Reference Docs](#reference-docs)
### Code of Conduct
This project is governed by the [Spring Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.adoc).
By participating you are expected to uphold this code.
Please report unacceptable behavior to spring-code-of-conduct@spring.io.
### How to Contribute
#### Ask questions
If you have a question, check Stack Overflow using
[this list of tags](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/spring+or+spring-mvc+or+spring-aop+or+spring-jdbc+or+spring-transactions+or+spring-annotations+or+spring-jms+or+spring-el+or+spring-test+or+spring+or+spring-remoting+or+spring-orm+or+spring-jmx+or+spring-cache+or+spring-webflux?tab=Newest). Find an existing discussion, or start a new one if necessary.
If you believe there is an issue, search through
[existing issues](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues) trying a
few different ways to find discussions, past or current, that are related to the issue.
Reading those discussions helps you to learn about the issue, and helps us to make a
decision.
#### Create an Issue
Reporting an issue or making a feature request is a great way to contribute. Your feedback
and the conversations that result from it provide a continuous flow of ideas. However,
before creating a ticket, please take the time to [ask and research](#ask-questions) first.
If you create an issue after a discussion on Stack Overflow, please provide a description
in the issue instead of simply referring to Stack Overflow. The issue tracker is an
important place of record for design discussions and should be self-sufficient.
Once you're ready, create an issue on [GitHub](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues).
Many issues are caused by subtle behavior, typos, and unintended configuration.
Creating a [Minimal Reproducible Example](https://stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example)
(starting with https://start.spring.io for example) of the problem helps the team
quickly triage your issue and get to the core of the problem.
#### Issue Lifecycle
When an issue is first created, it is flagged `waiting-for-triage` waiting for a team
member to triage it. Once the issue has been reviewed, the team may ask for further
information if needed, and based on the findings, the issue is either assigned a target
milestone or is closed with a specific status.
When a fix is ready, the issue is closed and may still be re-opened until the fix is
released. After that the issue will typically no longer be reopened. In rare cases if the
issue was not at all fixed, the issue may be re-opened. In most cases however any
follow-up reports will need to be created as new issues with a fresh description.
#### Submit a Pull Request
1. If you have not previously done so, please sign the
[Contributor License Agreement](https://cla.spring.io/sign/spring). You will be reminded
automatically when you submit the PR.
1. Should you create an issue first? No, just create the pull request and use the
description to provide context and motivation, as you would for an issue. If you want
to start a discussion first or have already created an issue, once a pull request is
created, we will close the issue as superseded by the pull request, and the discussion
about the issue will continue under the pull request.
1. Always check out the `main` branch and submit pull requests against it
(for target version see [settings.gradle](settings.gradle)).
Backports to prior versions will be considered on a case-by-case basis and reflected as
the fix version in the issue tracker.
1. Choose the granularity of your commits consciously and squash commits that represent
multiple edits or corrections of the same logical change. See
[Rewriting History section of Pro Git](https://git-scm.com/book/en/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History)
for an overview of streamlining the commit history.
1. Format commit messages using 55 characters for the subject line, 72 characters per line
for the description, followed by the issue fixed, e.g. `Closes gh-22276`. See the
[Commit Guidelines section of Pro Git](https://git-scm.com/book/en/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project#Commit-Guidelines)
for best practices around commit messages, and use `git log` to see some examples.
1. If there is a prior issue, reference the GitHub issue number in the description of the
pull request.
If accepted, your contribution may be heavily modified as needed prior to merging.
You will likely retain author attribution for your Git commits granted that the bulk of
your changes remain intact. You may also be asked to rework the submission.
If asked to make corrections, simply push the changes against the same branch, and your
pull request will be updated. In other words, you do not need to create a new pull request
when asked to make changes.
#### Participate in Reviews
Helping to review pull requests is another great way to contribute. Your feedback
can help to shape the implementation of new features. When reviewing pull requests,
however, please refrain from approving or rejecting a PR unless you are a core
committer for the Spring Framework.
### Build from Source
See the [Build from Source](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Build-from-Source)
wiki page for instructions on how to check out, build, and import the Spring Framework
source code into your IDE.
### Source Code Style
The wiki pages
[Code Style](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Code-Style) and
[IntelliJ IDEA Editor Settings](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/IntelliJ-IDEA-Editor-Settings)
define the source file coding standards we use along with some IDEA editor settings we customize.
### Reference Docs
The reference documentation is authored in [Asciidoctor](https://asciidoctor.org/) format
using [Antora](https://docs.antora.org/antora/latest/). The source files for the documentation
reside in the [framework-docs/modules/ROOT](framework-docs/modules/ROOT) directory. For
trivial changes, you may be able to browse, edit source files, and submit directly from GitHub.
When making changes locally, execute `./gradlew antora` and then browse the results under
`framework-docs/build/site/index.html`.
Asciidoctor also supports live editing. For more details see
[AsciiDoc Tooling](https://docs.asciidoctor.org/asciidoctor/latest/tooling/).
-202
View File
@@ -1,202 +0,0 @@
Apache License
Version 2.0, January 2004
https://www.apache.org/licenses/
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Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "{}"
replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
the brackets!) The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
identification within third-party archives.
Copyright {yyyy} {name of copyright owner}
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
+140
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@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
= Spring Framework Docs Build
You're currently viewing the Antora playbook branch.
The playbook branch hosts the docs build that is used to build and publish the production docs site.
The Spring Framework reference docs are built using https://antora.org[Antora].
This README covers how to build the docs in a software branch as well as how to build the production docs site locally.
== Overview
To prepare your system for building the documentation, <<prerequisites,install the prerequisites>> and then <<build-main,create your workspace and build the main branch documentation>>.
Once you've completed those steps, follow the instructions in <<build-branch,Build the 6.0.x branch documentation>> to learn how to build the documentation for a version branch you haven't previously checked out.
To build the production site documentation on your computer, follow the instructions in <<prerequisites,Prerequisites>>, <<build-main,Build the main branch documentation>>, and then <<build-production,Build the production documentation site>>.
.Branch checkout instead of worktrees
[NOTE]
====
If you prefer to set up your workspace without worktrees, complete the steps in <<prerequisites,Prerequisites>> and clone the project repository onto your computer.
Then follow the instructions in each section starting from the `sdk env || sdk env install` step once you've checked out the desired branch.
====
[#prerequisites]
== Prerequisites (everyone)
These instructions assume you already have basic tools on your system, including bash, zip, unzip, git, and curl.
In addition to these basic tools, you need https://sdkman.io/install[SDKMAN!] installed so that the correct JDK is set for each branch.
. Open your terminal and enter the following command:
+
--
$ curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io" | bash
This command downloads and installs SDKMAN!
Once installation is complete, you should see a command displayed in your terminal that will initiate SDKMAN.
--
. Copy the command displayed in your terminal and run it.
`$HOME` is the path unique to your computer (e.g., _home/my-jam/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh_).
$ source "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"
You'll use SDKMAN in the next sections to install and switch to the JDK required for each branch.
Now you're ready to <<build-main,create your workspace>>.
[#build-main]
== Build the main branch documentation (writers)
Your workspace will be the folder that contains the git worktrees of the project.
. In your terminal, create a directory for the project and then change into that directory.
$ mkdir spring-framework
$ cd spring-framework
. Clone the project repository and create the primary worktree for the main branch.
Then change into the new _main_ folder.
$ git clone https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework main
$ cd main
. Switch to the required JDK using SDKMAN by running the following command:
+
--
$ sdk env || sdk env install
SDKMAN will switch to the required JDK or install it if it isn't present.
--
. Generate the documentation with Antora using the following command:
+
--
$ ./gradlew -PbuildSrc.skipTests=true :framework-docs:antora
This command will build the documentation, including any generated attributes, for the main branch.
--
. Navigate to _$HOME/spring-framework/main/framework-docs/build/site/index.html_ to view the generated documentation.
[#build-branch]
== Build the 6.0.x branch documentation (writers)
NOTE: The instructions in this section assume you've completed the steps in the <<build-main,previous section>>.
After creating the worktree for the main branch, you can set up a worktree for any other branches you'll work on in the future.
In this section, you'll create a worktree for the 6.0.x branch in your project workspace.
. To add a worktree, you have to be in a worktree.
In your terminal, change to the _main_ folder if you aren't already in it, e.g., _$HOME/spring-framework/main_.
Set up a worktree for the 6.0.x branch and then change into the new directory by running the following commands:
$ git worktree add ../6.0.x 6.0.x --track
$ cd ../6.0.x
. Switch to the required JDK or install it.
$ sdk env || sdk env install
. Generate the documentation with the following command:
+
--
$ ./gradlew -PbuildSrc.skipTests=true :framework-docs:antora
This command will build the documentation, including any generated attributes, for the 6.0.x branch.
--
. Navigate to _$HOME/spring-framework/6.0.x/docs/build/site/index.html_ to view the generated documentation.
[#build-production]
== Build the production documentation site (docs manager)
NOTE: The instructions in this section assume you've <<build-main,prepared your workspace and created the worktree for the main branch>>.
To build the project's production site, you'll set up a worktree for the docs-build branch of the repository.
. To add a worktree, you have to be in a worktree.
In your terminal, change to the _main_ folder if you aren't already in it, e.g., _$HOME/spring-framework/main_.
Run the following command to set up the worktree for the _docs-build_ branch.
Then change into the new _docs-build_ directory.
$ git worktree add ../docs-build docs-build --track
$ cd ../docs-build
. Switch to the required JDK or install it.
$ sdk env || sdk env install
. Generate the documentation for the project's production site using the following command:
+
--
$ ./gradlew antora
This command will build all of the documentation included in the project's production site from the repository on GitHub.
To build the documentation from the current clone, using any worktrees that are available, use the following command instead:
$ ./gradlew antora --playbook local-antora-playbook.yml
--
. Navigate to _$HOME/spring-framework/docs-site/build/site/index.html_ to view the generated documentation.
-38
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@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
# <img src="framework-docs/src/docs/spring-framework.png" width="80" height="80"> Spring Framework [![Build Status](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/actions/workflows/build-and-deploy-snapshot.yml/badge.svg?branch=6.1.x)](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/actions/workflows/build-and-deploy-snapshot.yml?query=branch%3A6.1.x) [![Revved up by Develocity](https://img.shields.io/badge/Revved%20up%20by-Develocity-06A0CE?logo=Gradle&labelColor=02303A)](https://ge.spring.io/scans?search.rootProjectNames=spring)
This is the home of the Spring Framework: the foundation for all [Spring projects](https://spring.io/projects). Collectively the Spring Framework and the family of Spring projects are often referred to simply as "Spring".
Spring provides everything required beyond the Java programming language for creating enterprise applications for a wide range of scenarios and architectures. Please read the [Overview](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/overview.html) section of the reference documentation for a more complete introduction.
## Code of Conduct
This project is governed by the [Spring Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.adoc). By participating, you are expected to uphold this code of conduct. Please report unacceptable behavior to spring-code-of-conduct@spring.io.
## Access to Binaries
For access to artifacts or a distribution zip, see the [Spring Framework Artifacts](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Spring-Framework-Artifacts) wiki page.
## Documentation
The Spring Framework maintains reference documentation ([published](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/) and [source](framework-docs/modules/ROOT)), GitHub [wiki pages](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki), and an
[API reference](https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/). There are also [guides and tutorials](https://spring.io/guides) across Spring projects.
## Micro-Benchmarks
See the [Micro-Benchmarks](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Micro-Benchmarks) wiki page.
## Build from Source
See the [Build from Source](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Build-from-Source) wiki page and the [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md) file.
## Continuous Integration Builds
Information regarding CI builds can be found in the [Spring Framework Concourse pipeline](ci/README.adoc) documentation.
## Stay in Touch
Follow [@SpringCentral](https://twitter.com/springcentral), [@SpringFramework](https://twitter.com/springframework), and its [team members](https://twitter.com/springframework/lists/team/members) on 𝕏. In-depth articles can be found at [The Spring Blog](https://spring.io/blog/), and releases are announced via our [releases feed](https://spring.io/blog/category/releases).
## License
The Spring Framework is released under version 2.0 of the [Apache License](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0).
-16
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@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
# Security Policy
## JAR signing
Spring Framework JARs released on Maven Central are signed.
You'll find more information about the key here: https://spring.io/GPG-KEY-spring.txt
## Supported Versions
Please see the
[Spring Framework Versions](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Spring-Framework-Versions)
wiki page.
## Reporting a Vulnerability
Please see https://spring.io/security-policy.
@@ -13,8 +13,10 @@ content:
- url: https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework
# Refname matching:
# https://docs.antora.org/antora/latest/playbook/content-refname-matching/
branches: ['main', '{6..9}.+({0..9}).x']
tags: ['v{6..9}.+({0..9}).+({0..9})?(-{RC,M}*)', '!(v6.0.{0..8})', '!(v6.0.0-{RC,M}{0..9})']
# branches: We include snapshots for main, 6.2.x, and 7.0.x to 9.*.x.
branches: ['main', '6.2.x', '{7..9}.+({0..9}).x']
# tags: include all releases from 6.2.0 to 9.*.*.
tags: ['v6.2.+({0..9})', 'v{7..9}.+({0..9}).+({0..9})?(-{RC,M}*)']
start_path: framework-docs
asciidoc:
extensions:
@@ -36,4 +38,4 @@ runtime:
failure_level: warn
ui:
bundle:
url: https://github.com/spring-io/antora-ui-spring/releases/download/v0.4.16/ui-bundle.zip
url: https://github.com/spring-io/antora-ui-spring/releases/download/v0.4.26/ui-bundle.zip
+6 -111
View File
@@ -1,117 +1,12 @@
plugins {
id 'io.freefair.aspectj' version '8.4' apply false
// kotlinVersion is managed in gradle.properties
id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.serialization' version "${kotlinVersion}" apply false
id 'org.jetbrains.dokka' version '1.8.20'
id 'com.github.ben-manes.versions' version '0.51.0'
id 'com.github.bjornvester.xjc' version '1.8.2' apply false
id 'de.undercouch.download' version '5.4.0'
id 'io.github.goooler.shadow' version '8.1.8' apply false
id 'me.champeau.jmh' version '0.7.2' apply false
id 'me.champeau.mrjar' version '0.1.1'
id 'base'
id 'org.antora' version '1.0.0'
}
ext {
moduleProjects = subprojects.findAll { it.name.startsWith("spring-") }
javaProjects = subprojects.findAll { !it.name.startsWith("framework-") }
antora {
options = [clean: true, fetch: true, stacktrace: true]
}
description = "Spring Framework"
configure(allprojects) { project ->
apply plugin: "org.springframework.build.localdev"
group = "org.springframework"
repositories {
mavenCentral()
maven {
url "https://repo.spring.io/milestone"
content {
// Netty 5 optional support
includeGroup 'io.projectreactor.netty'
}
}
if (version.contains('-')) {
maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/milestone" }
}
if (version.endsWith('-SNAPSHOT')) {
maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/snapshot" }
}
}
configurations.all {
resolutionStrategy {
cacheChangingModulesFor 0, "seconds"
cacheDynamicVersionsFor 0, "seconds"
}
}
}
configure(allprojects - project(":framework-platform")) {
configurations {
dependencyManagement {
canBeConsumed = false
canBeResolved = false
visible = false
}
matching { it.name.endsWith("Classpath") }.all { it.extendsFrom(dependencyManagement) }
}
dependencies {
dependencyManagement(enforcedPlatform(dependencies.project(path: ":framework-platform")))
}
}
configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
apply plugin: "java"
apply plugin: "java-test-fixtures"
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.build.conventions'
apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/toolchains.gradle"
apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/ide.gradle"
dependencies {
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api")
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params")
testImplementation("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-suite-api")
testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-core")
testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter")
testImplementation("io.mockk:mockk")
testImplementation("org.assertj:assertj-core")
// Pull in the latest JUnit 5 Launcher API to ensure proper support in IDEs.
testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine")
testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-suite-engine")
testRuntimeOnly("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core")
testRuntimeOnly("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-jul")
testRuntimeOnly("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j2-impl")
// JSR-305 only used for non-required meta-annotations
compileOnly("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305")
testCompileOnly("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305")
}
ext.javadocLinks = [
"https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/",
"https://jakarta.ee/specifications/platform/9/apidocs/",
"https://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/orm/5.6/javadocs/",
"https://eclipse.dev/aspectj/doc/released/aspectj5rt-api",
"https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/api/2.3.0/",
"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-core/javadoc/2.14/",
"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-databind/javadoc/2.14/",
"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-dataformat-xml/javadoc/2.14/",
"https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-5.2.x/current/httpclient5/apidocs/",
"https://projectreactor.io/docs/test/release/api/",
"https://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.13.2/",
// TODO Uncomment link to JUnit 5 docs once we execute Gradle with Java 18+.
// See https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/27497
//
// "https://junit.org/junit5/docs/5.10.2/api/",
"https://www.reactive-streams.org/reactive-streams-1.0.3-javadoc/",
//"https://javadoc.io/static/io.rsocket/rsocket-core/1.1.1/",
"https://r2dbc.io/spec/1.0.0.RELEASE/api/",
// Previously there could be a split-package issue between JSR250 and JSR305 javax.annotation packages,
// but since 6.0 JSR 250 annotations such as @Resource and @PostConstruct have been replaced by their
// JakartaEE equivalents in the jakarta.annotation package.
//"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.google.code.findbugs/jsr305/3.0.2/"
] as String[]
}
configure(moduleProjects) { project ->
apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/spring-module.gradle"
node {
version = '24.15.0'
}
-60
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@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
# Spring Framework Build
This folder contains the custom plugins and conventions for the Spring Framework build.
They are declared in the `build.gradle` file in this folder.
## Build Conventions
The `org.springframework.build.conventions` plugin applies all conventions to the Framework build:
* Configuring the Java compiler, see `JavaConventions`
* Configuring the Kotlin compiler, see `KotlinConventions`
* Configuring testing in the build with `TestConventions`
## Build Plugins
### Optional dependencies
The `org.springframework.build.optional-dependencies` plugin creates a new `optional`
Gradle configuration - it adds the dependencies to the project's compile and runtime classpath
but doesn't affect the classpath of dependent projects.
This plugin does not provide a `provided` configuration, as the native `compileOnly` and `testCompileOnly`
configurations are preferred.
### RuntimeHints Java Agent
The `spring-core-test` project module contributes the `RuntimeHintsAgent` Java agent.
The `RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin` Gradle plugin creates a dedicated `"runtimeHintsTest"` test task for each project.
This task will detect and execute [tests tagged](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-build-gradle)
with the `"RuntimeHintsTests"` [JUnit tag](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-tags).
In the Spring Framework test suite, those are usually annotated with the `@EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent` annotation.
By default, the agent will instrument all classes located in the `"org.springframework"` package, as they are loaded.
The `RuntimeHintsAgentExtension` allows to customize this using a DSL:
```groovy
// this applies the `RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin` to the project
plugins {
id 'org.springframework.build.runtimehints-agent'
}
// You can configure the agent to include and exclude packages from the instrumentation process.
runtimeHintsAgent {
includedPackages = ["org.springframework", "io.spring"]
excludedPackages = ["org.example"]
}
dependencies {
// to use the test infrastructure, the project should also depend on the "spring-core-test" module
testImplementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
}
```
With this configuration, `./gradlew runtimeHintsTest` will run all tests instrumented by this java agent.
The global `./gradlew check` task depends on `runtimeHintsTest`.
NOTE: the "spring-core-test" module doesn't shade "spring-core" by design, so the agent should never instrument
code that doesn't have "spring-core" on its classpath.
-48
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@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
plugins {
id 'java-gradle-plugin'
id 'checkstyle'
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
gradlePluginPortal()
}
ext {
def propertiesFile = new File(new File("$projectDir").parentFile, "gradle.properties")
propertiesFile.withInputStream {
def properties = new Properties()
properties.load(it)
set("kotlinVersion", properties["kotlinVersion"])
}
}
dependencies {
checkstyle "io.spring.javaformat:spring-javaformat-checkstyle:${javaFormatVersion}"
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:${kotlinVersion}"
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-compiler-embeddable:${kotlinVersion}"
implementation "org.gradle:test-retry-gradle-plugin:1.5.6"
implementation "io.spring.javaformat:spring-javaformat-gradle-plugin:${javaFormatVersion}"
implementation "io.spring.nohttp:nohttp-gradle:0.0.11"
}
gradlePlugin {
plugins {
conventionsPlugin {
id = "org.springframework.build.conventions"
implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.ConventionsPlugin"
}
localDevPlugin {
id = "org.springframework.build.localdev"
implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.dev.LocalDevelopmentPlugin"
}
optionalDependenciesPlugin {
id = "org.springframework.build.optional-dependencies"
implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.optional.OptionalDependenciesPlugin"
}
runtimeHintsAgentPlugin {
id = "org.springframework.build.runtimehints-agent"
implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.hint.RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin"
}
}
}
-27
View File
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE module PUBLIC "-//Checkstyle//DTD Checkstyle Configuration 1.3//EN" "https://checkstyle.org/dtds/configuration_1_3.dtd">
<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.Checker">
<!-- Root Checks -->
<module name="io.spring.javaformat.checkstyle.check.SpringHeaderCheck">
<property name="fileExtensions" value="java"/>
<property name="headerType" value="apache2"/>
<property name="headerCopyrightPattern" value="20\d\d-20\d\d"/>
<property name="packageInfoHeaderType" value="none"/>
</module>
<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.NewlineAtEndOfFileCheck"/>
<!-- TreeWalker Checks -->
<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.TreeWalker">
<!-- Imports -->
<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.imports.UnusedImportsCheck">
<property name="processJavadoc" value="true"/>
</module>
<!-- Modifiers -->
<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.modifier.ModifierOrderCheck"/>
</module>
</module>
-2
View File
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
org.gradle.caching=true
javaFormatVersion=0.0.42
View File
@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build;
import java.io.File;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.List;
import io.spring.javaformat.gradle.SpringJavaFormatPlugin;
import io.spring.nohttp.gradle.NoHttpExtension;
import io.spring.nohttp.gradle.NoHttpPlugin;
import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
import org.gradle.api.Project;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.DependencySet;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.quality.Checkstyle;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.quality.CheckstyleExtension;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.quality.CheckstylePlugin;
/**
* {@link Plugin} that applies conventions for checkstyle.
*
* @author Brian Clozel
*/
public class CheckstyleConventions {
/**
* Applies the Spring Java Format and Checkstyle plugins with the project conventions.
* @param project the current project
*/
public void apply(Project project) {
project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, (java) -> {
if (project.getRootProject() == project) {
configureNoHttpPlugin(project);
}
project.getPlugins().apply(CheckstylePlugin.class);
project.getTasks().withType(Checkstyle.class).forEach(checkstyle -> checkstyle.getMaxHeapSize().set("1g"));
CheckstyleExtension checkstyle = project.getExtensions().getByType(CheckstyleExtension.class);
checkstyle.setToolVersion("10.17.0");
checkstyle.getConfigDirectory().set(project.getRootProject().file("src/checkstyle"));
String version = SpringJavaFormatPlugin.class.getPackage().getImplementationVersion();
DependencySet checkstyleDependencies = project.getConfigurations().getByName("checkstyle").getDependencies();
checkstyleDependencies.add(
project.getDependencies().create("io.spring.javaformat:spring-javaformat-checkstyle:" + version));
});
}
private static void configureNoHttpPlugin(Project project) {
project.getPlugins().apply(NoHttpPlugin.class);
NoHttpExtension noHttp = project.getExtensions().getByType(NoHttpExtension.class);
noHttp.setAllowlistFile(project.file("src/nohttp/allowlist.lines"));
noHttp.getSource().exclude("**/test-output/**", "**/.settings/**",
"**/.classpath", "**/.project", "**/.gradle/**", "**/node_modules/**");
List<String> buildFolders = List.of("bin", "build", "out");
project.allprojects(subproject -> {
Path rootPath = project.getRootDir().toPath();
Path projectPath = rootPath.relativize(subproject.getProjectDir().toPath());
for (String buildFolder : buildFolders) {
Path innerBuildDir = projectPath.resolve(buildFolder);
noHttp.getSource().exclude(innerBuildDir + File.separator + "**");
}
});
}
}
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build;
import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
import org.gradle.api.Project;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.KotlinBasePlugin;
/**
* Plugin to apply conventions to projects that are part of Spring Framework's build.
* Conventions are applied in response to various plugins being applied.
*
* <p>When the {@link JavaBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link CheckstyleConventions},
* {@link TestConventions} and {@link JavaConventions} are applied.
* When the {@link KotlinBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link KotlinConventions}
* are applied.
*
* @author Brian Clozel
*/
public class ConventionsPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
@Override
public void apply(Project project) {
new CheckstyleConventions().apply(project);
new JavaConventions().apply(project);
new KotlinConventions().apply(project);
new TestConventions().apply(project);
}
}
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
import org.gradle.api.Project;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginExtension;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.JavaCompile;
import org.gradle.jvm.toolchain.JavaLanguageVersion;
import org.gradle.jvm.toolchain.JvmVendorSpec;
/**
* {@link Plugin} that applies conventions for compiling Java sources in Spring Framework.
*
* @author Brian Clozel
* @author Sam Brannen
* @author Sebastien Deleuze
*/
public class JavaConventions {
private static final List<String> COMPILER_ARGS;
private static final List<String> TEST_COMPILER_ARGS;
static {
List<String> commonCompilerArgs = Arrays.asList(
"-Xlint:serial", "-Xlint:cast", "-Xlint:classfile", "-Xlint:dep-ann",
"-Xlint:divzero", "-Xlint:empty", "-Xlint:finally", "-Xlint:overrides",
"-Xlint:path", "-Xlint:processing", "-Xlint:static", "-Xlint:try", "-Xlint:-options",
"-parameters"
);
COMPILER_ARGS = new ArrayList<>();
COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(commonCompilerArgs);
COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(Arrays.asList(
"-Xlint:varargs", "-Xlint:fallthrough", "-Xlint:rawtypes", "-Xlint:deprecation",
"-Xlint:unchecked", "-Werror"
));
TEST_COMPILER_ARGS = new ArrayList<>();
TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(commonCompilerArgs);
TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(Arrays.asList("-Xlint:-varargs", "-Xlint:-fallthrough", "-Xlint:-rawtypes",
"-Xlint:-deprecation", "-Xlint:-unchecked"));
}
public void apply(Project project) {
project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, javaPlugin -> applyJavaCompileConventions(project));
}
/**
* Applies the common Java compiler options for main sources, test fixture sources, and
* test sources.
* @param project the current project
*/
private void applyJavaCompileConventions(Project project) {
project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class).toolchain(toolchain -> {
toolchain.getVendor().set(JvmVendorSpec.BELLSOFT);
toolchain.getLanguageVersion().set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(17));
});
project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().equals(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_JAVA_TASK_NAME))
.forEach(compileTask -> {
compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(COMPILER_ARGS);
compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
});
project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().equals(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_TEST_JAVA_TASK_NAME)
|| compileTask.getName().equals("compileTestFixturesJava"))
.forEach(compileTask -> {
compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(TEST_COMPILER_ARGS);
compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
});
}
}
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.gradle.api.Project;
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.KotlinJvmOptions;
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile;
/**
* @author Brian Clozel
*/
public class KotlinConventions {
void apply(Project project) {
project.getPlugins().withId("org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm",
(plugin) -> project.getTasks().withType(KotlinCompile.class, this::configure));
}
private void configure(KotlinCompile compile) {
KotlinJvmOptions kotlinOptions = compile.getKotlinOptions();
kotlinOptions.setApiVersion("1.7");
kotlinOptions.setLanguageVersion("1.7");
kotlinOptions.setJvmTarget("17");
kotlinOptions.setJavaParameters(true);
kotlinOptions.setAllWarningsAsErrors(true);
List<String> freeCompilerArgs = new ArrayList<>(compile.getKotlinOptions().getFreeCompilerArgs());
freeCompilerArgs.addAll(List.of("-Xsuppress-version-warnings", "-Xjsr305=strict", "-opt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn"));
compile.getKotlinOptions().setFreeCompilerArgs(freeCompilerArgs);
}
}
@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build;
import java.util.Map;
import org.gradle.api.Project;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryPlugin;
import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryTaskExtension;
/**
* Conventions that are applied in the presence of the {@link JavaBasePlugin}. When the
* plugin is applied:
* <ul>
* <li>The {@link TestRetryPlugin Test Retry} plugin is applied so that flaky tests
* are retried 3 times when running on the CI server.
* </ul>
*
* @author Brian Clozel
* @author Andy Wilkinson
*/
class TestConventions {
void apply(Project project) {
project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, (java) -> configureTestConventions(project));
}
private void configureTestConventions(Project project) {
project.getTasks().withType(Test.class,
test -> {
configureTests(project, test);
configureTestRetryPlugin(project, test);
});
}
private void configureTests(Project project, Test test) {
test.useJUnitPlatform();
test.include("**/*Tests.class", "**/*Test.class");
test.setSystemProperties(Map.of(
"java.awt.headless", "true",
"io.netty.leakDetection.level", "paranoid",
"io.netty5.leakDetectionLevel", "paranoid",
"io.netty5.leakDetection.targetRecords", "32",
"io.netty5.buffer.lifecycleTracingEnabled", "true"
));
if (project.hasProperty("testGroups")) {
test.systemProperty("testGroups", project.getProperties().get("testGroups"));
}
test.jvmArgs(
"--add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED",
"--add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED",
"-Xshare:off"
);
}
private void configureTestRetryPlugin(Project project, Test test) {
project.getPlugins().withType(TestRetryPlugin.class, testRetryPlugin -> {
TestRetryTaskExtension testRetry = test.getExtensions().getByType(TestRetryTaskExtension.class);
testRetry.getFailOnPassedAfterRetry().set(true);
testRetry.getMaxRetries().set(isCi() ? 3 : 0);
});
}
private boolean isCi() {
return Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getenv("CI"));
}
}
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build.dev;
import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
import org.gradle.api.Project;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
/**
* {@link Plugin} that skips documentation tasks when the {@code "-PskipDocs"} property is defined.
*
* @author Brian Clozel
*/
public class LocalDevelopmentPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
private static final String SKIP_DOCS_PROPERTY = "skipDocs";
@Override
public void apply(Project target) {
if (target.hasProperty(SKIP_DOCS_PROPERTY)) {
skipDocumentationTasks(target);
target.subprojects(this::skipDocumentationTasks);
}
}
private void skipDocumentationTasks(Project project) {
project.afterEvaluate(p -> {
p.getTasks().matching(task -> {
return JavaBasePlugin.DOCUMENTATION_GROUP.equals(task.getGroup())
|| "distribution".equals(task.getGroup());
})
.forEach(task -> task.setEnabled(false));
});
}
}
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build.hint;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.gradle.api.file.ConfigurableFileCollection;
import org.gradle.api.provider.SetProperty;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.Classpath;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.Input;
import org.gradle.process.CommandLineArgumentProvider;
/**
* Argument provider for registering the runtime hints agent with a Java process.
*/
public interface RuntimeHintsAgentArgumentProvider extends CommandLineArgumentProvider {
@Classpath
ConfigurableFileCollection getAgentJar();
@Input
SetProperty<String> getIncludedPackages();
@Input
SetProperty<String> getExcludedPackages();
@Override
default Iterable<String> asArguments() {
StringBuilder packages = new StringBuilder();
getIncludedPackages().get().forEach(packageName -> packages.append('+').append(packageName).append(','));
getExcludedPackages().get().forEach(packageName -> packages.append('-').append(packageName).append(','));
return Collections.singleton("-javaagent:" + getAgentJar().getSingleFile() + "=" + packages);
}
}
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build.hint;
import org.gradle.api.provider.SetProperty;
/**
* Entry point to the DSL extension for the {@link RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin} Gradle plugin.
* @author Brian Clozel
*/
public interface RuntimeHintsAgentExtension {
SetProperty<String> getIncludedPackages();
SetProperty<String> getExcludedPackages();
}
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build.hint;
import org.gradle.api.JavaVersion;
import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
import org.gradle.api.Project;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
import org.gradle.api.attributes.Bundling;
import org.gradle.api.attributes.Category;
import org.gradle.api.attributes.LibraryElements;
import org.gradle.api.attributes.Usage;
import org.gradle.api.attributes.java.TargetJvmVersion;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.jvm.JvmTestSuite;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
import org.gradle.testing.base.TestingExtension;
import java.util.Collections;
/**
* {@link Plugin} that configures the {@code RuntimeHints} Java agent to test tasks.
*
* @author Brian Clozel
* @author Sebastien Deleuze
*/
public class RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
public static final String RUNTIMEHINTS_TEST_TASK = "runtimeHintsTest";
private static final String EXTENSION_NAME = "runtimeHintsAgent";
private static final String CONFIGURATION_NAME = "testRuntimeHintsAgentJar";
@Override
public void apply(Project project) {
project.getPlugins().withType(JavaPlugin.class, javaPlugin -> {
TestingExtension testing = project.getExtensions().getByType(TestingExtension.class);
JvmTestSuite jvmTestSuite = (JvmTestSuite) testing.getSuites().getByName("test");
RuntimeHintsAgentExtension agentExtension = createRuntimeHintsAgentExtension(project);
Test agentTest = project.getTasks().create(RUNTIMEHINTS_TEST_TASK, Test.class, test -> {
test.useJUnitPlatform(options -> {
options.includeTags("RuntimeHintsTests");
});
test.include("**/*Tests.class", "**/*Test.class");
test.systemProperty("java.awt.headless", "true");
test.systemProperty("org.graalvm.nativeimage.imagecode", "runtime");
test.setTestClassesDirs(jvmTestSuite.getSources().getOutput().getClassesDirs());
test.setClasspath(jvmTestSuite.getSources().getRuntimeClasspath());
test.getJvmArgumentProviders().add(createRuntimeHintsAgentArgumentProvider(project, agentExtension));
});
project.getTasks().getByName("check", task -> task.dependsOn(agentTest));
project.getDependencies().add(CONFIGURATION_NAME, project.project(":spring-core-test"));
});
}
private static RuntimeHintsAgentExtension createRuntimeHintsAgentExtension(Project project) {
RuntimeHintsAgentExtension agentExtension = project.getExtensions().create(EXTENSION_NAME, RuntimeHintsAgentExtension.class);
agentExtension.getIncludedPackages().convention(Collections.singleton("org.springframework"));
agentExtension.getExcludedPackages().convention(Collections.emptySet());
return agentExtension;
}
private static RuntimeHintsAgentArgumentProvider createRuntimeHintsAgentArgumentProvider(
Project project, RuntimeHintsAgentExtension agentExtension) {
RuntimeHintsAgentArgumentProvider agentArgumentProvider = project.getObjects().newInstance(RuntimeHintsAgentArgumentProvider.class);
agentArgumentProvider.getAgentJar().from(createRuntimeHintsAgentConfiguration(project));
agentArgumentProvider.getIncludedPackages().set(agentExtension.getIncludedPackages());
agentArgumentProvider.getExcludedPackages().set(agentExtension.getExcludedPackages());
return agentArgumentProvider;
}
private static Configuration createRuntimeHintsAgentConfiguration(Project project) {
return project.getConfigurations().create(CONFIGURATION_NAME, configuration -> {
configuration.setCanBeConsumed(false);
configuration.setTransitive(false); // Only the built artifact is required
configuration.attributes(attributes -> {
attributes.attribute(Bundling.BUNDLING_ATTRIBUTE, project.getObjects().named(Bundling.class, Bundling.EXTERNAL));
attributes.attribute(Category.CATEGORY_ATTRIBUTE, project.getObjects().named(Category.class, Category.LIBRARY));
attributes.attribute(LibraryElements.LIBRARY_ELEMENTS_ATTRIBUTE, project.getObjects().named(LibraryElements.class, LibraryElements.JAR));
attributes.attribute(TargetJvmVersion.TARGET_JVM_VERSION_ATTRIBUTE, Integer.valueOf(JavaVersion.current().getMajorVersion()));
attributes.attribute(Usage.USAGE_ATTRIBUTE, project.getObjects().named(Usage.class, Usage.JAVA_RUNTIME));
});
});
}
}
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build.optional;
import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
import org.gradle.api.Project;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginExtension;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSetContainer;
/**
* A {@code Plugin} that adds support for Maven-style optional dependencies. Creates a new
* {@code optional} configuration. The {@code optional} configuration is part of the
* project's compile and runtime classpaths but does not affect the classpath of
* dependent projects.
*
* @author Andy Wilkinson
*/
public class OptionalDependenciesPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
/**
* Name of the {@code optional} configuration.
*/
public static final String OPTIONAL_CONFIGURATION_NAME = "optional";
@Override
public void apply(Project project) {
Configuration optional = project.getConfigurations().create(OPTIONAL_CONFIGURATION_NAME);
optional.setCanBeConsumed(false);
optional.setCanBeResolved(false);
project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, (javaBasePlugin) -> {
SourceSetContainer sourceSets = project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class)
.getSourceSets();
sourceSets.all((sourceSet) -> {
project.getConfigurations().getByName(sourceSet.getCompileClasspathConfigurationName()).extendsFrom(optional);
project.getConfigurations().getByName(sourceSet.getRuntimeClasspathConfigurationName()).extendsFrom(optional);
});
});
}
}
@@ -1,191 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.build.shadow;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import org.gradle.api.DefaultTask;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.component.ModuleComponentSelector;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.query.ArtifactResolutionQuery;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ArtifactResolutionResult;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ComponentArtifactsResult;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.DependencyResult;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ResolutionResult;
import org.gradle.api.artifacts.result.ResolvedArtifactResult;
import org.gradle.api.file.DirectoryProperty;
import org.gradle.api.file.FileCopyDetails;
import org.gradle.api.file.FileTree;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.Classpath;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.Input;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.Nested;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.Optional;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.OutputDirectory;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskAction;
import org.gradle.jvm.JvmLibrary;
import org.gradle.language.base.artifact.SourcesArtifact;
/**
* Gradle task to add source from shadowed jars into our own source jars.
*
* @author Phillip Webb
* @author Andy Wilkinson
*/
public class ShadowSource extends DefaultTask {
private final DirectoryProperty outputDirectory = getProject().getObjects().directoryProperty();
private List<Configuration> configurations = new ArrayList<>();
private final List<Relocation> relocations = new ArrayList<>();
@Classpath
@Optional
public List<Configuration> getConfigurations() {
return this.configurations;
}
public void setConfigurations(List<Configuration> configurations) {
this.configurations = configurations;
}
@Nested
public List<Relocation> getRelocations() {
return this.relocations;
}
public void relocate(String pattern, String destination) {
this.relocations.add(new Relocation(pattern, destination));
}
@OutputDirectory
DirectoryProperty getOutputDirectory() {
return this.outputDirectory;
}
@TaskAction
void syncSourceJarFiles() {
sync(getSourceJarFiles());
}
private List<File> getSourceJarFiles() {
List<File> sourceJarFiles = new ArrayList<>();
for (Configuration configuration : this.configurations) {
ResolutionResult resolutionResult = configuration.getIncoming().getResolutionResult();
resolutionResult.getRootComponent().get().getDependencies().forEach(dependency -> {
Set<ComponentArtifactsResult> artifactsResults = resolveSourceArtifacts(dependency);
for (ComponentArtifactsResult artifactResult : artifactsResults) {
artifactResult.getArtifacts(SourcesArtifact.class).forEach(sourceArtifact -> {
sourceJarFiles.add(((ResolvedArtifactResult) sourceArtifact).getFile());
});
}
});
}
return Collections.unmodifiableList(sourceJarFiles);
}
private Set<ComponentArtifactsResult> resolveSourceArtifacts(DependencyResult dependency) {
ModuleComponentSelector componentSelector = (ModuleComponentSelector) dependency.getRequested();
ArtifactResolutionQuery query = getProject().getDependencies().createArtifactResolutionQuery()
.forModule(componentSelector.getGroup(), componentSelector.getModule(), componentSelector.getVersion());
return executeQuery(query).getResolvedComponents();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private ArtifactResolutionResult executeQuery(ArtifactResolutionQuery query) {
return query.withArtifacts(JvmLibrary.class, SourcesArtifact.class).execute();
}
private void sync(List<File> sourceJarFiles) {
getProject().sync(spec -> {
spec.into(this.outputDirectory);
spec.eachFile(this::relocateFile);
spec.filter(this::transformContent);
spec.exclude("META-INF/**");
spec.setIncludeEmptyDirs(false);
sourceJarFiles.forEach(sourceJar -> spec.from(zipTree(sourceJar)));
});
}
private void relocateFile(FileCopyDetails details) {
String path = details.getPath();
for (Relocation relocation : this.relocations) {
path = relocation.relocatePath(path);
}
details.setPath(path);
}
private String transformContent(String content) {
for (Relocation relocation : this.relocations) {
content = relocation.transformContent(content);
}
return content;
}
private FileTree zipTree(File sourceJar) {
return getProject().zipTree(sourceJar);
}
/**
* A single relocation.
*/
static class Relocation {
private final String pattern;
private final String pathPattern;
private final String destination;
private final String pathDestination;
Relocation(String pattern, String destination) {
this.pattern = pattern;
this.pathPattern = pattern.replace('.', '/');
this.destination = destination;
this.pathDestination = destination.replace('.', '/');
}
@Input
public String getPattern() {
return this.pattern;
}
@Input
public String getDestination() {
return this.destination;
}
String relocatePath(String path) {
return path.replace(this.pathPattern, this.pathDestination);
}
public String transformContent(String content) {
return content.replaceAll("\\b" + this.pattern, this.destination);
}
}
}
-119
View File
@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
plugins {
id 'java-platform'
id 'io.freefair.aggregate-javadoc' version '8.3'
}
description = "Spring Framework API Docs"
apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/publications.gradle"
repositories {
maven {
url "https://repo.spring.io/release"
}
}
dependencies {
moduleProjects.each { moduleProject ->
javadoc moduleProject
}
}
javadoc {
title = "${rootProject.description} ${version} API"
options {
encoding = "UTF-8"
memberLevel = JavadocMemberLevel.PROTECTED
author = true
header = rootProject.description
use = true
overview = project.relativePath("$rootProject.rootDir/framework-docs/src/docs/api/overview.html")
destinationDir = project.java.docsDir.dir("javadoc-api").get().asFile
splitIndex = true
links(rootProject.ext.javadocLinks)
addBooleanOption('Xdoclint:syntax,reference', true) // only check syntax and reference with doclint
addBooleanOption('Werror', true) // fail build on Javadoc warnings
}
maxMemory = "1024m"
doFirst {
classpath += files(
// ensure the javadoc process can resolve types compiled from .aj sources
project(":spring-aspects").sourceSets.main.output
)
classpath += files(moduleProjects.collect { it.sourceSets.main.compileClasspath })
}
}
/**
* Produce KDoc for all Spring Framework modules in "build/docs/kdoc"
*/
rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule.configure {
dependsOn {
tasks.named("javadoc")
}
moduleName.set("spring-framework")
outputDirectory.set(project.java.docsDir.dir("kdoc-api").get().asFile)
includes.from("$rootProject.rootDir/framework-docs/src/docs/api/dokka-overview.md")
}
/**
* Zip all Java docs (javadoc & kdoc) into a single archive
*/
tasks.register('docsZip', Zip) {
dependsOn = ['javadoc', rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule]
group = "distribution"
description = "Builds -${archiveClassifier} archive containing api and reference " +
"for deployment at https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/."
archiveBaseName.set("spring-framework")
archiveClassifier.set("docs")
from("src/dist") {
include "changelog.txt"
}
from(javadoc) {
into "javadoc-api"
}
from(rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule.outputDirectory) {
into "kdoc-api"
}
}
/**
* Zip all Spring Framework schemas into a single archive
*/
tasks.register('schemaZip', Zip) {
group = "distribution"
archiveBaseName.set("spring-framework")
archiveClassifier.set("schema")
description = "Builds -${archiveClassifier} archive containing all " +
"XSDs for deployment at https://springframework.org/schema."
duplicatesStrategy DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE
moduleProjects.each { module ->
def Properties schemas = new Properties();
module.sourceSets.main.resources.find {
(it.path.endsWith("META-INF/spring.schemas") || it.path.endsWith("META-INF\\spring.schemas"))
}?.withInputStream { schemas.load(it) }
for (def key : schemas.keySet()) {
def shortName = key.replaceAll(/http.*schema.(.*).spring-.*/, '$1')
assert shortName != key
File xsdFile = module.sourceSets.main.resources.find {
(it.path.endsWith(schemas.get(key)) || it.path.endsWith(schemas.get(key).replaceAll('\\/', '\\\\')))
}
assert xsdFile != null
into(shortName) {
from xsdFile.path
}
}
}
}
publishing {
publications {
mavenJava(MavenPublication) {
artifact docsZip
artifact schemaZip
}
}
}
-23
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@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
description = "Spring Framework (Bill of Materials)"
apply plugin: 'java-platform'
apply from: "$rootDir/gradle/publications.gradle"
group = "org.springframework"
dependencies {
constraints {
parent.moduleProjects.sort { "$it.name" }.each {
api it
}
}
}
publishing {
publications {
mavenJava(MavenPublication) {
artifactId = 'spring-framework-bom'
from components.javaPlatform
}
}
}
-94
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@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
name: framework
version: true
title: Spring Framework
nav:
- modules/ROOT/nav.adoc
ext:
collector:
run:
command: gradlew -q -PbuildSrc.skipTests=true "-Dorg.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx3g -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError" :framework-docs:generateAntoraResources
local: true
scan:
dir: ./build/generated-antora-resources
asciidoc:
attributes:
attribute-missing: 'warn'
# FIXME: the copyright is not removed
# FIXME: The package is not renamed
chomp: 'all'
fold: 'all'
table-stripes: 'odd'
include-java: 'example$docs-src/main/java/org/springframework/docs'
include-kotlin: 'example$docs-src/main/kotlin/org/springframework/docs'
spring-site: 'https://spring.io'
spring-site-blog: '{spring-site}/blog'
spring-site-cve: "{spring-site}/security"
spring-site-guides: '{spring-site}/guides'
spring-site-projects: '{spring-site}/projects'
spring-site-tools: "{spring-site}/tools"
spring-org: 'spring-projects'
spring-github-org: "https://github.com/{spring-org}"
spring-framework-github: "https://github.com/{spring-org}/spring-framework"
spring-framework-code: '{spring-framework-github}/tree/main'
spring-framework-issues: '{spring-framework-github}/issues'
spring-framework-wiki: '{spring-framework-github}/wiki'
# Docs
docs-site: 'https://docs.spring.io'
spring-framework-docs-root: '{docs-site}/spring-framework/docs'
spring-framework-api: '{spring-framework-docs-root}/{spring-version}/javadoc-api/org/springframework'
spring-framework-api-kdoc: '{spring-framework-docs-root}/{spring-version}/kdoc-api'
spring-framework-reference: '{spring-framework-docs-root}/{spring-version}/reference'
#
# Other Spring portfolio projects
spring-boot-docs: '{docs-site}/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html'
spring-boot-issues: '{spring-github-org}/spring-boot/issues'
# TODO add more projects / links or just build up on {docs-site}?
# TODO rename the below using new conventions
docs-spring-gemfire: '{docs-site}/spring-gemfire/docs/current/reference'
docs-spring-security: '{docs-site}/spring-security/reference'
docs-spring-session: '{docs-site}/spring-session/reference'
#
# External projects URLs and related attributes
aspectj-site: 'https://www.eclipse.org/aspectj'
aspectj-docs: "{aspectj-site}/doc/released"
aspectj-api: "{aspectj-docs}/runtime-api"
aspectj-docs-devguide: "{aspectj-docs}/devguide"
aspectj-docs-progguide: "{aspectj-docs}/progguide"
assertj-docs: 'https://assertj.github.io/doc'
baeldung-blog: 'https://www.baeldung.com'
bean-validation-site: 'https://beanvalidation.org'
graalvm-docs: 'https://www.graalvm.org/22.3/reference-manual'
hibernate-validator-site: 'https://hibernate.org/validator/'
jackson-docs: 'https://fasterxml.github.io'
jackson-github-org: 'https://github.com/FasterXML'
java-api: 'https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api'
java-tutorial: 'https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial'
JSR: 'https://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id='
kotlin-site: 'https://kotlinlang.org'
kotlin-docs: '{kotlin-site}/docs'
kotlin-api: '{kotlin-site}/api/latest'
kotlin-coroutines-api: '{kotlin-site}/api/kotlinx.coroutines'
kotlin-github-org: 'https://github.com/Kotlin'
kotlin-issues: 'https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue'
micrometer-docs: 'https://docs.micrometer.io/micrometer/reference'
micrometer-context-propagation-docs: 'https://docs.micrometer.io/context-propagation/reference'
reactive-streams-site: 'https://www.reactive-streams.org'
reactive-streams-spec: 'https://github.com/reactive-streams/reactive-streams-jvm/blob/master/README.md#specification'
reactor-github-org: 'https://github.com/reactor'
reactor-site: 'https://projectreactor.io'
rsocket-github-org: 'https://github.com/rsocket'
rsocket-java: '{rsocket-github-org}/rsocket-java'
rsocket-java-code: '{rsocket-java}/tree/master/'
rsocket-protocol-extensions: '{rsocket-github-org}/rsocket/tree/master/Extensions'
rsocket-site: 'https://rsocket.io'
rfc-site: 'https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html'
sockjs-client: 'https://github.com/sockjs/sockjs-client'
sockjs-protocol: 'https://github.com/sockjs/sockjs-protocol'
sockjs-protocol-site: "https://sockjs.github.io/sockjs-protocol"
stackoverflow-site: 'https://stackoverflow.com'
stackoverflow-questions: '{stackoverflow-site}/questions'
stackoverflow-spring-tag: "{stackoverflow-questions}/tagged/spring"
stackoverflow-spring-kotlin-tags: "{stackoverflow-spring-tag}+kotlin"
testcontainers-site: 'https://www.testcontainers.org'
vavr-docs: 'https://vavr-io.github.io/vavr-docs'
-58
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@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
plugins {
id 'kotlin'
id 'io.spring.antora.generate-antora-yml' version '0.0.1'
id 'org.antora' version '1.0.0'
}
description = "Spring Framework Docs"
apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/ide.gradle"
apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/publications.gradle"
antora {
options = [clean: true, fetch: !project.gradle.startParameter.offline, stacktrace: true]
environment = [
'BUILD_REFNAME': 'HEAD',
'BUILD_VERSION': project.version,
]
}
tasks.named("generateAntoraYml") {
asciidocAttributes = project.provider( {
return ["spring-version": project.version ]
} )
}
tasks.register("generateAntoraResources") {
dependsOn 'generateAntoraYml'
}
jar {
enabled = false
}
javadoc {
enabled = false
}
repositories {
maven {
url "https://repo.spring.io/release"
}
}
dependencies {
api(project(":spring-context"))
api(project(":spring-jdbc"))
api(project(":spring-jms"))
api(project(":spring-web"))
api(project(":spring-webflux"))
api("com.oracle.database.jdbc:ojdbc11")
api("jakarta.jms:jakarta.jms-api")
api("jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api")
api("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib")
implementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
implementation("org.assertj:assertj-core")
}
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*** xref:core/aop-api/advisor.adoc[]
*** xref:core/aop-api/pfb.adoc[]
*** xref:core/aop-api/concise-proxy.adoc[]
*** xref:core/aop-api/prog.adoc[]
*** xref:core/aop-api/advised.adoc[]
*** xref:core/aop-api/autoproxy.adoc[]
*** xref:core/aop-api/targetsource.adoc[]
*** xref:core/aop-api/extensibility.adoc[]
** xref:core/null-safety.adoc[]
** xref:core/databuffer-codec.adoc[]
** xref:core/spring-jcl.adoc[]
** xref:core/aot.adoc[]
** xref:core/appendix.adoc[]
*** xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc[]
*** xref:core/appendix/xml-custom.adoc[]
*** xref:core/appendix/application-startup-steps.adoc[]
* xref:testing.adoc[]
** xref:testing/introduction.adoc[]
** xref:testing/unit.adoc[]
** xref:testing/integration.adoc[]
** xref:testing/support-jdbc.adoc[]
** xref:testing/testcontext-framework.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/key-abstractions.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bootstrapping.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tel-config.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/application-events.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/test-execution-events.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/xml.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/groovy.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/javaconfig.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/mixed-config.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/context-customizers.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/initializers.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/inheritance.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/env-profiles.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/property-sources.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/dynamic-property-sources.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/web.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/web-mocks.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/caching.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/failure-threshold.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/hierarchies.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/fixture-di.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/web-scoped-beans.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tx.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/executing-sql.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/parallel-test-execution.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/aot.adoc[]
** xref:testing/webtestclient.adoc[]
** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-static-imports.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-setup-options.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-setup-steps.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-performing-requests.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-defining-expectations.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/async-requests.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/vs-streaming-response.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-filters.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/vs-end-to-end-integration-tests.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-resources.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-htmlunit.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-htmlunit/why.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-htmlunit/mah.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-htmlunit/webdriver.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-framework/server-htmlunit/geb.adoc[]
** xref:testing/spring-mvc-test-client.adoc[]
** xref:testing/appendix.adoc[]
*** xref:testing/annotations.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/annotations/integration-standard.adoc[]
**** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-bootstrapwith.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-contextconfiguration.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-webappconfiguration.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-contexthierarchy.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-contextcustomizerfactories.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-activeprofiles.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-testpropertysource.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-dynamicpropertysource.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-dirtiescontext.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-testexecutionlisteners.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-recordapplicationevents.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-commit.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-rollback.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-beforetransaction.adoc[]
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***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-sql.adoc[]
***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-sqlconfig.adoc[]
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***** xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-sqlgroup.adoc[]
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**** xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit4.adoc[]
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*** xref:testing/resources.adoc[]
* xref:data-access.adoc[]
** xref:data-access/transaction.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/motivation.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/strategies.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/tx-resource-synchronization.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative.adoc[]
**** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative/tx-decl-explained.adoc[]
**** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative/first-example.adoc[]
**** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative/rolling-back.adoc[]
**** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative/diff-tx.adoc[]
**** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative/txadvice-settings.adoc[]
**** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative/annotations.adoc[]
**** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative/tx-propagation.adoc[]
**** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative/applying-more-than-just-tx-advice.adoc[]
**** xref:data-access/transaction/declarative/aspectj.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/programmatic.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/tx-decl-vs-prog.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/event.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/application-server-integration.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/solutions-to-common-problems.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/transaction/resources.adoc[]
** xref:data-access/dao.adoc[]
** xref:data-access/jdbc.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/choose-style.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/packages.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/core.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/connections.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/advanced.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/simple.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/object.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/parameter-handling.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/embedded-database-support.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/jdbc/initializing-datasource.adoc[]
** xref:data-access/r2dbc.adoc[]
** xref:data-access/orm.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/orm/introduction.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/orm/general.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/orm/hibernate.adoc[]
*** xref:data-access/orm/jpa.adoc[]
** xref:data-access/oxm.adoc[]
** xref:data-access/appendix.adoc[]
* xref:web.adoc[]
** xref:web/webmvc.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/context-hierarchy.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/special-bean-types.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/config.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/container-config.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/sequence.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/handlermapping-path.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/handlermapping-interceptor.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/exceptionhandlers.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/viewresolver.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/localeresolver.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/themeresolver.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/multipart.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/logging.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/filters.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-requestmapping.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods.adoc[]
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***** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/redirecting-passing-data.adoc[]
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***** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/jackson.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-modelattrib-methods.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-initbinder.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-validation.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-exceptionhandler.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-advice.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc-functional.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-uri-building.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-ann-async.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc-cors.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-ann-rest-exceptions.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-security.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-caching.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc-view.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-thymeleaf.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-freemarker.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-groovymarkup.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-script.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-jsp.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-feeds.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-document.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-jackson.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-xml-marshalling.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc-view/mvc-xslt.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/enable.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/customize.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/conversion.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/validation.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/interceptors.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/content-negotiation.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/message-converters.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/view-controller.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/view-resolvers.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/static-resources.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/default-servlet-handler.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/path-matching.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/advanced-java.adoc[]
**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/advanced-xml.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-http2.adoc[]
** xref:web/webmvc-client.adoc[]
** xref:web/webmvc-test.adoc[]
** xref:web/websocket.adoc[]
*** xref:web/websocket/server.adoc[]
*** xref:web/websocket/fallback.adoc[]
*** xref:web/websocket/stomp.adoc[]
**** xref:web/websocket/stomp/overview.adoc[]
**** xref:web/websocket/stomp/benefits.adoc[]
**** xref:web/websocket/stomp/enable.adoc[]
**** xref:web/websocket/stomp/server-config.adoc[]
**** xref:web/websocket/stomp/message-flow.adoc[]
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**** xref:web/websocket/stomp/handle-simple-broker.adoc[]
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**** xref:web/websocket/stomp/configuration-performance.adoc[]
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**** xref:web/websocket/stomp/testing.adoc[]
** xref:web/integration.adoc[]
* xref:web-reactive.adoc[]
** xref:web/webflux.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webflux/new-framework.adoc[]
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*** xref:web/webflux-functional.adoc[]
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** xref:web/webflux-webclient.adoc[]
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*** xref:web/webflux-webclient/client-context.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webflux-webclient/client-synchronous.adoc[]
*** xref:web/webflux-webclient/client-testing.adoc[]
** xref:web/webflux-http-interface-client.adoc[]
** xref:web/webflux-websocket.adoc[]
** xref:web/webflux-test.adoc[]
** xref:rsocket.adoc[]
** xref:web/webflux-reactive-libraries.adoc[]
* xref:integration.adoc[]
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** xref:integration/jms.adoc[]
*** xref:integration/jms/using.adoc[]
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** xref:integration/jmx.adoc[]
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** xref:integration/email.adoc[]
** xref:integration/scheduling.adoc[]
** xref:integration/cache.adoc[]
*** xref:integration/cache/strategies.adoc[]
*** xref:integration/cache/annotations.adoc[]
*** xref:integration/cache/jsr-107.adoc[]
*** xref:integration/cache/declarative-xml.adoc[]
*** xref:integration/cache/store-configuration.adoc[]
*** xref:integration/cache/plug.adoc[]
*** xref:integration/cache/specific-config.adoc[]
** xref:integration/observability.adoc[]
** xref:integration/checkpoint-restore.adoc[]
** xref:integration/cds.adoc[]
** xref:integration/appendix.adoc[]
* xref:languages.adoc[]
** xref:languages/kotlin.adoc[]
*** xref:languages/kotlin/requirements.adoc[]
*** xref:languages/kotlin/extensions.adoc[]
*** xref:languages/kotlin/null-safety.adoc[]
*** xref:languages/kotlin/classes-interfaces.adoc[]
*** xref:languages/kotlin/annotations.adoc[]
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*** xref:languages/kotlin/web.adoc[]
*** xref:languages/kotlin/coroutines.adoc[]
*** xref:languages/kotlin/spring-projects-in.adoc[]
*** xref:languages/kotlin/getting-started.adoc[]
*** xref:languages/kotlin/resources.adoc[]
** xref:languages/groovy.adoc[]
** xref:languages/dynamic.adoc[]
* xref:appendix.adoc[]
* {spring-framework-wiki}[Wiki]
@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
[[appendix]]
= Appendix
This part of the reference documentation covers topics that apply to multiple modules
within the core Spring Framework.
[[appendix-spring-properties]]
== Spring Properties
{spring-framework-api}/core/SpringProperties.html[`SpringProperties`] is a static holder
for properties that control certain low-level aspects of the Spring Framework. Users can
configure these properties via JVM system properties or programmatically via the
`SpringProperties.setProperty(String key, String value)` method. The latter may be
necessary if the deployment environment disallows custom JVM system properties. As an
alternative, these properties may be configured in a `spring.properties` file in the root
of the classpath -- for example, deployed within the application's JAR file.
The following table lists all currently supported Spring properties.
.Supported Spring Properties
[cols="1,1"]
|===
| Name | Description
| `spring.aot.enabled`
| Indicates the application should run with AOT generated artifacts. See
xref:core/aot.adoc[Ahead of Time Optimizations] and
{spring-framework-api}++/aot/AotDetector.html#AOT_ENABLED++[`AotDetector`]
for details.
| `spring.beaninfo.ignore`
| Instructs Spring to use the `Introspector.IGNORE_ALL_BEANINFO` mode when calling the
JavaBeans `Introspector`. See
{spring-framework-api}++/beans/StandardBeanInfoFactory.html#IGNORE_BEANINFO_PROPERTY_NAME++[`CachedIntrospectionResults`]
for details.
| `spring.cache.reactivestreams.ignore`
| Instructs Spring's caching infrastructure to ignore the presence of Reactive Streams,
in particular Reactor's `Mono`/`Flux` in `@Cacheable` method return type declarations. See
{spring-framework-api}++/cache/interceptor/CacheAspectSupport.html#IGNORE_REACTIVESTREAMS_PROPERTY_NAME++[`CacheAspectSupport`]
for details.
| `spring.classformat.ignore`
| Instructs Spring to ignore class format exceptions during classpath scanning, in
particular for unsupported class file versions. See
{spring-framework-api}++/context/annotation/ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.html#IGNORE_CLASSFORMAT_PROPERTY_NAME++[`ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider`]
for details.
| `spring.context.checkpoint`
| Property that specifies a common context checkpoint. See
xref:integration/checkpoint-restore.adoc#_automatic_checkpointrestore_at_startup[Automatic
checkpoint/restore at startup] and
{spring-framework-api}++/context/support/DefaultLifecycleProcessor.html#CHECKPOINT_PROPERTY_NAME++[`DefaultLifecycleProcessor`]
for details.
| `spring.context.exit`
| Property for terminating the JVM when the context reaches a specific phase. See
xref:integration/checkpoint-restore.adoc#_automatic_checkpointrestore_at_startup[Automatic
checkpoint/restore at startup] and
{spring-framework-api}++/context/support/DefaultLifecycleProcessor.html#EXIT_PROPERTY_NAME++[`DefaultLifecycleProcessor`]
for details.
| `spring.context.expression.maxLength`
| The maximum length for
xref:core/expressions/evaluation.adoc#expressions-parser-configuration[Spring Expression Language]
expressions used in XML bean definitions, `@Value`, etc.
| `spring.expression.compiler.mode`
| The mode to use when compiling expressions for the
xref:core/expressions/evaluation.adoc#expressions-compiler-configuration[Spring Expression Language].
| `spring.getenv.ignore`
| Instructs Spring to ignore operating system environment variables if a Spring
`Environment` property -- for example, a placeholder in a configuration String -- isn't
resolvable otherwise. See
{spring-framework-api}++/core/env/AbstractEnvironment.html#IGNORE_GETENV_PROPERTY_NAME++[`AbstractEnvironment`]
for details.
| `spring.jdbc.getParameterType.ignore`
| Instructs Spring to ignore `java.sql.ParameterMetaData.getParameterType` completely.
See the note in xref:data-access/jdbc/advanced.adoc#jdbc-batch-list[Batch Operations with a List of Objects].
| `spring.jndi.ignore`
| Instructs Spring to ignore a default JNDI environment, as an optimization for scenarios
where nothing is ever to be found for such JNDI fallback searches to begin with, avoiding
the repeated JNDI lookup overhead. See
{spring-framework-api}++/jndi/JndiLocatorDelegate.html#IGNORE_JNDI_PROPERTY_NAME++[`JndiLocatorDelegate`]
for details.
| `spring.objenesis.ignore`
| Instructs Spring to ignore Objenesis, not even attempting to use it. See
{spring-framework-api}++/objenesis/SpringObjenesis.html#IGNORE_OBJENESIS_PROPERTY_NAME++[`SpringObjenesis`]
for details.
| `spring.test.aot.processing.failOnError`
| A boolean flag that controls whether errors encountered during AOT processing in the
_Spring TestContext Framework_ should result in an exception that fails the overall process.
See xref:testing/testcontext-framework/aot.adoc[Ahead of Time Support for Tests].
| `spring.test.constructor.autowire.mode`
| The default _test constructor autowire mode_ to use if `@TestConstructor` is not present
on a test class. See xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-testconstructor[Changing the default test constructor autowire mode].
| `spring.test.context.cache.maxSize`
| The maximum size of the context cache in the _Spring TestContext Framework_. See
xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/caching.adoc[Context Caching].
| `spring.test.context.failure.threshold`
| The failure threshold for errors encountered while attempting to load an `ApplicationContext`
in the _Spring TestContext Framework_. See
xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/failure-threshold.adoc[Context Failure Threshold].
| `spring.test.enclosing.configuration`
| The default _enclosing configuration inheritance mode_ to use if
`@NestedTestConfiguration` is not present on a test class. See
xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-nestedtestconfiguration[Changing the default enclosing configuration inheritance mode].
|===
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
[[spring-core]]
= Core Technologies
This part of the reference documentation covers all the technologies that are
absolutely integral to the Spring Framework.
Foremost amongst these is the Spring Framework's Inversion of Control (IoC) container.
A thorough treatment of the Spring Framework's IoC container is closely followed by
comprehensive coverage of Spring's Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) technologies.
The Spring Framework has its own AOP framework, which is conceptually easy to
understand and which successfully addresses the 80% sweet spot of AOP requirements
in Java enterprise programming.
Coverage of Spring's integration with AspectJ (currently the richest -- in terms of
features -- and certainly most mature AOP implementation in the Java enterprise space)
is also provided.
AOT processing can be used to optimize your application ahead-of-time. It is typically
used for native image deployment using GraalVM.
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
[[aop-api]]
= Spring AOP APIs
:page-section-summary-toc: 1
The previous chapter described the Spring's support for AOP with @AspectJ and schema-based
aspect definitions. In this chapter, we discuss the lower-level Spring AOP APIs. For common
applications, we recommend the use of Spring AOP with AspectJ pointcuts as described in the
previous chapter.
@@ -1,592 +0,0 @@
[[aop-api-advice]]
= Advice API in Spring
Now we can examine how Spring AOP handles advice.
[[aop-api-advice-lifecycle]]
== Advice Lifecycles
Each advice is a Spring bean. An advice instance can be shared across all advised
objects or be unique to each advised object. This corresponds to per-class or
per-instance advice.
Per-class advice is used most often. It is appropriate for generic advice, such as
transaction advisors. These do not depend on the state of the proxied object or add new
state. They merely act on the method and arguments.
Per-instance advice is appropriate for introductions, to support mixins. In this case,
the advice adds state to the proxied object.
You can use a mix of shared and per-instance advice in the same AOP proxy.
[[aop-api-advice-types]]
== Advice Types in Spring
Spring provides several advice types and is extensible to support
arbitrary advice types. This section describes the basic concepts and standard advice types.
[[aop-api-advice-around]]
=== Interception Around Advice
The most fundamental advice type in Spring is interception around advice.
Spring is compliant with the AOP `Alliance` interface for around advice that uses method
interception. Classes that implement `MethodInterceptor` and that implement around advice should also implement the
following interface:
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
public interface MethodInterceptor extends Interceptor {
Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable;
}
----
The `MethodInvocation` argument to the `invoke()` method exposes the method being
invoked, the target join point, the AOP proxy, and the arguments to the method. The
`invoke()` method should return the invocation's result: the return value of the join
point.
The following example shows a simple `MethodInterceptor` implementation:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public class DebugInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor {
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("Before: invocation=[" + invocation + "]");
Object rval = invocation.proceed();
System.out.println("Invocation returned");
return rval;
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
class DebugInterceptor : MethodInterceptor {
override fun invoke(invocation: MethodInvocation): Any {
println("Before: invocation=[$invocation]")
val rval = invocation.proceed()
println("Invocation returned")
return rval
}
}
----
======
Note the call to the `proceed()` method of `MethodInvocation`. This proceeds down the
interceptor chain towards the join point. Most interceptors invoke this method and
return its return value. However, a `MethodInterceptor`, like any around advice, can
return a different value or throw an exception rather than invoke the proceed method.
However, you do not want to do this without good reason.
NOTE: `MethodInterceptor` implementations offer interoperability with other AOP Alliance-compliant AOP
implementations. The other advice types discussed in the remainder of this section
implement common AOP concepts but in a Spring-specific way. While there is an advantage
in using the most specific advice type, stick with `MethodInterceptor` around advice if
you are likely to want to run the aspect in another AOP framework. Note that pointcuts
are not currently interoperable between frameworks, and the AOP Alliance does not
currently define pointcut interfaces.
[[aop-api-advice-before]]
=== Before Advice
A simpler advice type is a before advice. This does not need a `MethodInvocation`
object, since it is called only before entering the method.
The main advantage of a before advice is that there is no need to invoke the `proceed()`
method and, therefore, no possibility of inadvertently failing to proceed down the
interceptor chain.
The following listing shows the `MethodBeforeAdvice` interface:
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
public interface MethodBeforeAdvice extends BeforeAdvice {
void before(Method m, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable;
}
----
(Spring's API design would allow for
field before advice, although the usual objects apply to field interception and it is
unlikely for Spring to ever implement it.)
Note that the return type is `void`. Before advice can insert custom behavior before the join
point runs but cannot change the return value. If a before advice throws an
exception, it stops further execution of the interceptor chain. The exception
propagates back up the interceptor chain. If it is unchecked or on the signature of
the invoked method, it is passed directly to the client. Otherwise, it is
wrapped in an unchecked exception by the AOP proxy.
The following example shows a before advice in Spring, which counts all method invocations:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public class CountingBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
private int count;
public void before(Method m, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
++count;
}
public int getCount() {
return count;
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
class CountingBeforeAdvice : MethodBeforeAdvice {
var count: Int = 0
override fun before(m: Method, args: Array<Any>, target: Any?) {
++count
}
}
----
======
TIP: Before advice can be used with any pointcut.
[[aop-api-advice-throws]]
=== Throws Advice
Throws advice is invoked after the return of the join point if the join point threw
an exception. Spring offers typed throws advice. Note that this means that the
`org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice` interface does not contain any methods. It is a
tag interface identifying that the given object implements one or more typed throws
advice methods. These should be in the following form:
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
afterThrowing([Method, args, target], subclassOfThrowable)
----
Only the last argument is required. The method signatures may have either one or four
arguments, depending on whether the advice method is interested in the method and
arguments. The next two listing show classes that are examples of throws advice.
The following advice is invoked if a `RemoteException` is thrown (including from subclasses):
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public class RemoteThrowsAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {
public void afterThrowing(RemoteException ex) throws Throwable {
// Do something with remote exception
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
class RemoteThrowsAdvice : ThrowsAdvice {
fun afterThrowing(ex: RemoteException) {
// Do something with remote exception
}
}
----
======
Unlike the preceding
advice, the next example declares four arguments, so that it has access to the invoked method, method
arguments, and target object. The following advice is invoked if a `ServletException` is thrown:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public class ServletThrowsAdviceWithArguments implements ThrowsAdvice {
public void afterThrowing(Method m, Object[] args, Object target, ServletException ex) {
// Do something with all arguments
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
class ServletThrowsAdviceWithArguments : ThrowsAdvice {
fun afterThrowing(m: Method, args: Array<Any>, target: Any, ex: ServletException) {
// Do something with all arguments
}
}
----
======
The final example illustrates how these two methods could be used in a single class
that handles both `RemoteException` and `ServletException`. Any number of throws advice
methods can be combined in a single class. The following listing shows the final example:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public static class CombinedThrowsAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {
public void afterThrowing(RemoteException ex) throws Throwable {
// Do something with remote exception
}
public void afterThrowing(Method m, Object[] args, Object target, ServletException ex) {
// Do something with all arguments
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
class CombinedThrowsAdvice : ThrowsAdvice {
fun afterThrowing(ex: RemoteException) {
// Do something with remote exception
}
fun afterThrowing(m: Method, args: Array<Any>, target: Any, ex: ServletException) {
// Do something with all arguments
}
}
----
======
NOTE: If a throws-advice method throws an exception itself, it overrides the
original exception (that is, it changes the exception thrown to the user). The overriding
exception is typically a RuntimeException, which is compatible with any method
signature. However, if a throws-advice method throws a checked exception, it must
match the declared exceptions of the target method and is, hence, to some degree
coupled to specific target method signatures. _Do not throw an undeclared checked
exception that is incompatible with the target method's signature!_
TIP: Throws advice can be used with any pointcut.
[[aop-api-advice-after-returning]]
=== After Returning Advice
An after returning advice in Spring must implement the
`org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice` interface, which the following listing shows:
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
public interface AfterReturningAdvice extends Advice {
void afterReturning(Object returnValue, Method m, Object[] args, Object target)
throws Throwable;
}
----
An after returning advice has access to the return value (which it cannot modify),
the invoked method, the method's arguments, and the target.
The following after returning advice counts all successful method invocations that have
not thrown exceptions:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public class CountingAfterReturningAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice {
private int count;
public void afterReturning(Object returnValue, Method m, Object[] args, Object target)
throws Throwable {
++count;
}
public int getCount() {
return count;
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
class CountingAfterReturningAdvice : AfterReturningAdvice {
var count: Int = 0
private set
override fun afterReturning(returnValue: Any?, m: Method, args: Array<Any>, target: Any?) {
++count
}
}
----
======
This advice does not change the execution path. If it throws an exception, it is
thrown up the interceptor chain instead of the return value.
TIP: After returning advice can be used with any pointcut.
[[aop-api-advice-introduction]]
=== Introduction Advice
Spring treats introduction advice as a special kind of interception advice.
Introduction requires an `IntroductionAdvisor` and an `IntroductionInterceptor` that
implement the following interface:
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
public interface IntroductionInterceptor extends MethodInterceptor {
boolean implementsInterface(Class intf);
}
----
The `invoke()` method inherited from the AOP Alliance `MethodInterceptor` interface must
implement the introduction. That is, if the invoked method is on an introduced
interface, the introduction interceptor is responsible for handling the method call -- it
cannot invoke `proceed()`.
Introduction advice cannot be used with any pointcut, as it applies only at the class,
rather than the method, level. You can only use introduction advice with the
`IntroductionAdvisor`, which has the following methods:
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
public interface IntroductionAdvisor extends Advisor, IntroductionInfo {
ClassFilter getClassFilter();
void validateInterfaces() throws IllegalArgumentException;
}
public interface IntroductionInfo {
Class<?>[] getInterfaces();
}
----
There is no `MethodMatcher` and, hence, no `Pointcut` associated with introduction
advice. Only class filtering is logical.
The `getInterfaces()` method returns the interfaces introduced by this advisor.
The `validateInterfaces()` method is used internally to see whether or not the
introduced interfaces can be implemented by the configured `IntroductionInterceptor`.
Consider an example from the Spring test suite and suppose we want to
introduce the following interface to one or more objects:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public interface Lockable {
void lock();
void unlock();
boolean locked();
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
interface Lockable {
fun lock()
fun unlock()
fun locked(): Boolean
}
----
======
This illustrates a mixin. We want to be able to cast advised objects to `Lockable`,
whatever their type and call lock and unlock methods. If we call the `lock()` method, we
want all setter methods to throw a `LockedException`. Thus, we can add an aspect that
provides the ability to make objects immutable without them having any knowledge of it:
a good example of AOP.
First, we need an `IntroductionInterceptor` that does the heavy lifting. In this
case, we extend the `org.springframework.aop.support.DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor`
convenience class. We could implement `IntroductionInterceptor` directly, but using
`DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor` is best for most cases.
The `DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor` is designed to delegate an introduction to an
actual implementation of the introduced interfaces, concealing the use of interception
to do so. You can set the delegate to any object using a constructor argument. The
default delegate (when the no-argument constructor is used) is `this`. Thus, in the next example,
the delegate is the `LockMixin` subclass of `DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor`.
Given a delegate (by default, itself), a `DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor` instance
looks for all interfaces implemented by the delegate (other than
`IntroductionInterceptor`) and supports introductions against any of them.
Subclasses such as `LockMixin` can call the `suppressInterface(Class intf)`
method to suppress interfaces that should not be exposed. However, no matter how many
interfaces an `IntroductionInterceptor` is prepared to support, the
`IntroductionAdvisor` used controls which interfaces are actually exposed. An
introduced interface conceals any implementation of the same interface by the target.
Thus, `LockMixin` extends `DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor` and implements `Lockable`
itself. The superclass automatically picks up that `Lockable` can be supported for
introduction, so we do not need to specify that. We could introduce any number of
interfaces in this way.
Note the use of the `locked` instance variable. This effectively adds additional state
to that held in the target object.
The following example shows the example `LockMixin` class:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public class LockMixin extends DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor implements Lockable {
private boolean locked;
public void lock() {
this.locked = true;
}
public void unlock() {
this.locked = false;
}
public boolean locked() {
return this.locked;
}
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
if (locked() && invocation.getMethod().getName().indexOf("set") == 0) {
throw new LockedException();
}
return super.invoke(invocation);
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
class LockMixin : DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor(), Lockable {
private var locked: Boolean = false
fun lock() {
this.locked = true
}
fun unlock() {
this.locked = false
}
fun locked(): Boolean {
return this.locked
}
override fun invoke(invocation: MethodInvocation): Any? {
if (locked() && invocation.method.name.indexOf("set") == 0) {
throw LockedException()
}
return super.invoke(invocation)
}
}
----
======
Often, you need not override the `invoke()` method. The
`DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor` implementation (which calls the `delegate` method if
the method is introduced, otherwise proceeds towards the join point) usually
suffices. In the present case, we need to add a check: no setter method can be invoked
if in locked mode.
The required introduction only needs to hold a distinct
`LockMixin` instance and specify the introduced interfaces (in this case, only
`Lockable`). A more complex example might take a reference to the introduction
interceptor (which would be defined as a prototype). In this case, there is no
configuration relevant for a `LockMixin`, so we create it by using `new`.
The following example shows our `LockMixinAdvisor` class:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public class LockMixinAdvisor extends DefaultIntroductionAdvisor {
public LockMixinAdvisor() {
super(new LockMixin(), Lockable.class);
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
class LockMixinAdvisor : DefaultIntroductionAdvisor(LockMixin(), Lockable::class.java)
----
======
We can apply this advisor very simply, because it requires no configuration. (However, it
is impossible to use an `IntroductionInterceptor` without an
`IntroductionAdvisor`.) As usual with introductions, the advisor must be per-instance,
as it is stateful. We need a different instance of `LockMixinAdvisor`, and hence
`LockMixin`, for each advised object. The advisor comprises part of the advised object's
state.
We can apply this advisor programmatically by using the `Advised.addAdvisor()` method or
(the recommended way) in XML configuration, as any other advisor. All proxy creation
choices discussed below, including "`auto proxy creators,`" correctly handle introductions
and stateful mixins.
@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
[[aop-api-advised]]
= Manipulating Advised Objects
However you create AOP proxies, you can manipulate them BY using the
`org.springframework.aop.framework.Advised` interface. Any AOP proxy can be cast to this
interface, no matter which other interfaces it implements. This interface includes the
following methods:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
Advisor[] getAdvisors();
void addAdvice(Advice advice) throws AopConfigException;
void addAdvice(int pos, Advice advice) throws AopConfigException;
void addAdvisor(Advisor advisor) throws AopConfigException;
void addAdvisor(int pos, Advisor advisor) throws AopConfigException;
int indexOf(Advisor advisor);
boolean removeAdvisor(Advisor advisor) throws AopConfigException;
void removeAdvisor(int index) throws AopConfigException;
boolean replaceAdvisor(Advisor a, Advisor b) throws AopConfigException;
boolean isFrozen();
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
fun getAdvisors(): Array<Advisor>
@Throws(AopConfigException::class)
fun addAdvice(advice: Advice)
@Throws(AopConfigException::class)
fun addAdvice(pos: Int, advice: Advice)
@Throws(AopConfigException::class)
fun addAdvisor(advisor: Advisor)
@Throws(AopConfigException::class)
fun addAdvisor(pos: Int, advisor: Advisor)
fun indexOf(advisor: Advisor): Int
@Throws(AopConfigException::class)
fun removeAdvisor(advisor: Advisor): Boolean
@Throws(AopConfigException::class)
fun removeAdvisor(index: Int)
@Throws(AopConfigException::class)
fun replaceAdvisor(a: Advisor, b: Advisor): Boolean
fun isFrozen(): Boolean
----
======
The `getAdvisors()` method returns an `Advisor` for every advisor, interceptor, or
other advice type that has been added to the factory. If you added an `Advisor`, the
returned advisor at this index is the object that you added. If you added an
interceptor or other advice type, Spring wrapped this in an advisor with a
pointcut that always returns `true`. Thus, if you added a `MethodInterceptor`, the advisor
returned for this index is a `DefaultPointcutAdvisor` that returns your
`MethodInterceptor` and a pointcut that matches all classes and methods.
The `addAdvisor()` methods can be used to add any `Advisor`. Usually, the advisor holding
pointcut and advice is the generic `DefaultPointcutAdvisor`, which you can use with
any advice or pointcut (but not for introductions).
By default, it is possible to add or remove advisors or interceptors even once a proxy
has been created. The only restriction is that it is impossible to add or remove an
introduction advisor, as existing proxies from the factory do not show the interface
change. (You can obtain a new proxy from the factory to avoid this problem.)
The following example shows casting an AOP proxy to the `Advised` interface and examining and
manipulating its advice:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
Advised advised = (Advised) myObject;
Advisor[] advisors = advised.getAdvisors();
int oldAdvisorCount = advisors.length;
System.out.println(oldAdvisorCount + " advisors");
// Add an advice like an interceptor without a pointcut
// Will match all proxied methods
// Can use for interceptors, before, after returning or throws advice
advised.addAdvice(new DebugInterceptor());
// Add selective advice using a pointcut
advised.addAdvisor(new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(mySpecialPointcut, myAdvice));
assertEquals("Added two advisors", oldAdvisorCount + 2, advised.getAdvisors().length);
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
val advised = myObject as Advised
val advisors = advised.advisors
val oldAdvisorCount = advisors.size
println("$oldAdvisorCount advisors")
// Add an advice like an interceptor without a pointcut
// Will match all proxied methods
// Can use for interceptors, before, after returning or throws advice
advised.addAdvice(DebugInterceptor())
// Add selective advice using a pointcut
advised.addAdvisor(DefaultPointcutAdvisor(mySpecialPointcut, myAdvice))
assertEquals("Added two advisors", oldAdvisorCount + 2, advised.advisors.size)
----
======
NOTE: It is questionable whether it is advisable (no pun intended) to modify advice on a
business object in production, although there are, no doubt, legitimate usage cases.
However, it can be very useful in development (for example, in tests). We have sometimes
found it very useful to be able to add test code in the form of an interceptor or other
advice, getting inside a method invocation that we want to test. (For example, the advice can
get inside a transaction created for that method, perhaps to run SQL to check that
a database was correctly updated, before marking the transaction for roll back.)
Depending on how you created the proxy, you can usually set a `frozen` flag. In that
case, the `Advised` `isFrozen()` method returns `true`, and any attempts to modify
advice through addition or removal results in an `AopConfigException`. The ability
to freeze the state of an advised object is useful in some cases (for example, to
prevent calling code removing a security interceptor).
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
[[aop-api-advisor]]
= The Advisor API in Spring
:page-section-summary-toc: 1
In Spring, an Advisor is an aspect that contains only a single advice object associated
with a pointcut expression.
Apart from the special case of introductions, any advisor can be used with any advice.
`org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor` is the most commonly used
advisor class. It can be used with a `MethodInterceptor`, `BeforeAdvice`, or
`ThrowsAdvice`.
It is possible to mix advisor and advice types in Spring in the same AOP proxy. For
example, you could use an interception around advice, throws advice, and before advice in
one proxy configuration. Spring automatically creates the necessary interceptor
chain.
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
[[aop-autoproxy]]
= Using the "auto-proxy" facility
So far, we have considered explicit creation of AOP proxies by using a `ProxyFactoryBean` or
similar factory bean.
Spring also lets us use "`auto-proxy`" bean definitions, which can automatically
proxy selected bean definitions. This is built on Spring's "`bean post processor`"
infrastructure, which enables modification of any bean definition as the container loads.
In this model, you set up some special bean definitions in your XML bean definition file
to configure the auto-proxy infrastructure. This lets you declare the targets
eligible for auto-proxying. You need not use `ProxyFactoryBean`.
There are two ways to do this:
* By using an auto-proxy creator that refers to specific beans in the current context.
* A special case of auto-proxy creation that deserves to be considered separately:
auto-proxy creation driven by source-level metadata attributes.
[[aop-autoproxy-choices]]
== Auto-proxy Bean Definitions
This section covers the auto-proxy creators provided by the
`org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy` package.
[[aop-api-autoproxy]]
=== `BeanNameAutoProxyCreator`
The `BeanNameAutoProxyCreator` class is a `BeanPostProcessor` that automatically creates
AOP proxies for beans with names that match literal values or wildcards. The following
example shows how to create a `BeanNameAutoProxyCreator` bean:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<property name="beanNames" value="jdk*,onlyJdk"/>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>myInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
----
As with `ProxyFactoryBean`, there is an `interceptorNames` property rather than a list
of interceptors, to allow correct behavior for prototype advisors. Named "`interceptors`"
can be advisors or any advice type.
As with auto-proxying in general, the main point of using `BeanNameAutoProxyCreator` is
to apply the same configuration consistently to multiple objects, with minimal volume of
configuration. It is a popular choice for applying declarative transactions to multiple
objects.
Bean definitions whose names match, such as `jdkMyBean` and `onlyJdk` in the preceding
example, are plain old bean definitions with the target class. An AOP proxy is
automatically created by the `BeanNameAutoProxyCreator`. The same advice is applied
to all matching beans. Note that, if advisors are used (rather than the interceptor in
the preceding example), the pointcuts may apply differently to different beans.
[[aop-api-autoproxy-default]]
=== `DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator`
A more general and extremely powerful auto-proxy creator is
`DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator`. This automagically applies eligible advisors in the
current context, without the need to include specific bean names in the auto-proxy
advisor's bean definition. It offers the same merit of consistent configuration and
avoidance of duplication as `BeanNameAutoProxyCreator`.
Using this mechanism involves:
* Specifying a `DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator` bean definition.
* Specifying any number of advisors in the same or related contexts. Note that these
must be advisors, not interceptors or other advice. This is necessary,
because there must be a pointcut to evaluate, to check the eligibility of each advice
to candidate bean definitions.
The `DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator` automatically evaluates the pointcut contained
in each advisor, to see what (if any) advice it should apply to each business object
(such as `businessObject1` and `businessObject2` in the example).
This means that any number of advisors can be applied automatically to each business
object. If no pointcut in any of the advisors matches any method in a business object,
the object is not proxied. As bean definitions are added for new business objects,
they are automatically proxied if necessary.
Auto-proxying in general has the advantage of making it impossible for callers or
dependencies to obtain an un-advised object. Calling `getBean("businessObject1")` on this
`ApplicationContext` returns an AOP proxy, not the target business object. (The "`inner
bean`" idiom shown earlier also offers this benefit.)
The following example creates a `DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator` bean and the other
elements discussed in this section:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor">
<property name="transactionInterceptor" ref="transactionInterceptor"/>
</bean>
<bean id="customAdvisor" class="com.mycompany.MyAdvisor"/>
<bean id="businessObject1" class="com.mycompany.BusinessObject1">
<!-- Properties omitted -->
</bean>
<bean id="businessObject2" class="com.mycompany.BusinessObject2"/>
----
The `DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator` is very useful if you want to apply the same advice
consistently to many business objects. Once the infrastructure definitions are in place,
you can add new business objects without including specific proxy configuration.
You can also easily drop in additional aspects (for example, tracing or
performance monitoring aspects) with minimal change to configuration.
The `DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator` offers support for filtering (by using a naming
convention so that only certain advisors are evaluated, which allows the use of multiple,
differently configured, AdvisorAutoProxyCreators in the same factory) and ordering.
Advisors can implement the `org.springframework.core.Ordered` interface to ensure
correct ordering if this is an issue. The `TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor` used in the
preceding example has a configurable order value. The default setting is unordered.
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
[[aop-concise-proxy]]
= Concise Proxy Definitions
Especially when defining transactional proxies, you may end up with many similar proxy
definitions. The use of parent and child bean definitions, along with inner bean
definitions, can result in much cleaner and more concise proxy definitions.
First, we create a parent, template, bean definition for the proxy, as follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="txProxyTemplate" abstract="true"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
----
This is never instantiated itself, so it can actually be incomplete. Then, each proxy
that needs to be created is a child bean definition, which wraps the target of the
proxy as an inner bean definition, since the target is never used on its own anyway.
The following example shows such a child bean:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="myService" parent="txProxyTemplate">
<property name="target">
<bean class="org.springframework.samples.MyServiceImpl">
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
----
You can override properties from the parent template. In the following example,
we override the transaction propagation settings:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="mySpecialService" parent="txProxyTemplate">
<property name="target">
<bean class="org.springframework.samples.MySpecialServiceImpl">
</bean>
</property>
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
<prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
<prop key="load*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
<prop key="store*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
----
Note that in the parent bean example, we explicitly marked the parent bean definition as
being abstract by setting the `abstract` attribute to `true`, as described
xref:core/beans/child-bean-definitions.adoc[previously], so that it may not actually ever be
instantiated. Application contexts (but not simple bean factories), by default,
pre-instantiate all singletons. Therefore, it is important (at least for singleton beans)
that, if you have a (parent) bean definition that you intend to use only as a template,
and this definition specifies a class, you must make sure to set the `abstract`
attribute to `true`. Otherwise, the application context actually tries to
pre-instantiate it.
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
[[aop-extensibility]]
= Defining New Advice Types
:page-section-summary-toc: 1
Spring AOP is designed to be extensible. While the interception implementation strategy
is presently used internally, it is possible to support arbitrary advice types in
addition to the interception around advice, before, throws advice, and
after returning advice.
The `org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter` package is an SPI package that lets
support for new custom advice types be added without changing the core framework.
The only constraint on a custom `Advice` type is that it must implement the
`org.aopalliance.aop.Advice` marker interface.
See the {spring-framework-api}/aop/framework/adapter/package-summary.html[`org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter`]
javadoc for further information.
@@ -1,331 +0,0 @@
[[aop-pfb]]
= Using the `ProxyFactoryBean` to Create AOP Proxies
If you use the Spring IoC container (an `ApplicationContext` or `BeanFactory`) for your
business objects (and you should be!), you want to use one of Spring's AOP
`FactoryBean` implementations. (Remember that a factory bean introduces a layer of indirection, letting
it create objects of a different type.)
NOTE: The Spring AOP support also uses factory beans under the covers.
The basic way to create an AOP proxy in Spring is to use the
`org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean`. This gives complete control over
the pointcuts, any advice that applies, and their ordering. However, there are simpler
options that are preferable if you do not need such control.
[[aop-pfb-1]]
== Basics
The `ProxyFactoryBean`, like other Spring `FactoryBean` implementations, introduces a
level of indirection. If you define a `ProxyFactoryBean` named `foo`, objects that
reference `foo` do not see the `ProxyFactoryBean` instance itself but an object
created by the implementation of the `getObject()` method in the `ProxyFactoryBean` . This
method creates an AOP proxy that wraps a target object.
One of the most important benefits of using a `ProxyFactoryBean` or another IoC-aware
class to create AOP proxies is that advice and pointcuts can also be
managed by IoC. This is a powerful feature, enabling certain approaches that are hard to
achieve with other AOP frameworks. For example, an advice may itself reference
application objects (besides the target, which should be available in any AOP
framework), benefiting from all the pluggability provided by Dependency Injection.
[[aop-pfb-2]]
== JavaBean Properties
In common with most `FactoryBean` implementations provided with Spring, the
`ProxyFactoryBean` class is itself a JavaBean. Its properties are used to:
* Specify the target you want to proxy.
* Specify whether to use CGLIB (described later and see also xref:core/aop-api/pfb.adoc#aop-pfb-proxy-types[JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies]).
Some key properties are inherited from `org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyConfig`
(the superclass for all AOP proxy factories in Spring). These key properties include
the following:
* `proxyTargetClass`: `true` if the target class is to be proxied, rather than the
target class's interfaces. If this property value is set to `true`, then CGLIB proxies
are created (but see also xref:core/aop-api/pfb.adoc#aop-pfb-proxy-types[JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies]).
* `optimize`: Controls whether or not aggressive optimizations are applied to proxies
created through CGLIB. You should not blithely use this setting unless you fully
understand how the relevant AOP proxy handles optimization. This is currently used
only for CGLIB proxies. It has no effect with JDK dynamic proxies.
* `frozen`: If a proxy configuration is `frozen`, changes to the configuration are
no longer allowed. This is useful both as a slight optimization and for those cases
when you do not want callers to be able to manipulate the proxy (through the `Advised`
interface) after the proxy has been created. The default value of this property is
`false`, so changes (such as adding additional advice) are allowed.
* `exposeProxy`: Determines whether or not the current proxy should be exposed in a
`ThreadLocal` so that it can be accessed by the target. If a target needs to obtain
the proxy and the `exposeProxy` property is set to `true`, the target can use the
`AopContext.currentProxy()` method.
Other properties specific to `ProxyFactoryBean` include the following:
* `proxyInterfaces`: An array of `String` interface names. If this is not supplied, a CGLIB
proxy for the target class is used (but see also xref:core/aop-api/pfb.adoc#aop-pfb-proxy-types[JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies]).
* `interceptorNames`: A `String` array of `Advisor`, interceptor, or other advice names to
apply. Ordering is significant, on a first come-first served basis. That is to say
that the first interceptor in the list is the first to be able to intercept the
invocation.
+
The names are bean names in the current factory, including bean names from ancestor
factories. You cannot mention bean references here, since doing so results in the
`ProxyFactoryBean` ignoring the singleton setting of the advice.
+
You can append an interceptor name with an asterisk (`*`). Doing so results in the
application of all advisor beans with names that start with the part before the asterisk
to be applied. You can find an example of using this feature in xref:core/aop-api/pfb.adoc#aop-global-advisors[Using "`Global`" Advisors].
* singleton: Whether or not the factory should return a single object, no matter how
often the `getObject()` method is called. Several `FactoryBean` implementations offer
such a method. The default value is `true`. If you want to use stateful advice - for
example, for stateful mixins - use prototype advice along with a singleton value of
`false`.
[[aop-pfb-proxy-types]]
== JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies
This section serves as the definitive documentation on how the `ProxyFactoryBean`
chooses to create either a JDK-based proxy or a CGLIB-based proxy for a particular target
object (which is to be proxied).
NOTE: The behavior of the `ProxyFactoryBean` with regard to creating JDK- or CGLIB-based
proxies changed between versions 1.2.x and 2.0 of Spring. The `ProxyFactoryBean` now
exhibits similar semantics with regard to auto-detecting interfaces as those of the
`TransactionProxyFactoryBean` class.
If the class of a target object that is to be proxied (hereafter simply referred to as
the target class) does not implement any interfaces, a CGLIB-based proxy is
created. This is the easiest scenario, because JDK proxies are interface-based, and no
interfaces means JDK proxying is not even possible. You can plug in the target bean
and specify the list of interceptors by setting the `interceptorNames` property. Note that a
CGLIB-based proxy is created even if the `proxyTargetClass` property of the
`ProxyFactoryBean` has been set to `false`. (Doing so makes no sense and is best
removed from the bean definition, because it is, at best, redundant, and, at worst
confusing.)
If the target class implements one (or more) interfaces, the type of proxy that is
created depends on the configuration of the `ProxyFactoryBean`.
If the `proxyTargetClass` property of the `ProxyFactoryBean` has been set to `true`,
a CGLIB-based proxy is created. This makes sense and is in keeping with the
principle of least surprise. Even if the `proxyInterfaces` property of the
`ProxyFactoryBean` has been set to one or more fully qualified interface names, the fact
that the `proxyTargetClass` property is set to `true` causes CGLIB-based
proxying to be in effect.
If the `proxyInterfaces` property of the `ProxyFactoryBean` has been set to one or more
fully qualified interface names, a JDK-based proxy is created. The created
proxy implements all of the interfaces that were specified in the `proxyInterfaces`
property. If the target class happens to implement a whole lot more interfaces than
those specified in the `proxyInterfaces` property, that is all well and good, but those
additional interfaces are not implemented by the returned proxy.
If the `proxyInterfaces` property of the `ProxyFactoryBean` has not been set, but
the target class does implement one (or more) interfaces, the
`ProxyFactoryBean` auto-detects the fact that the target class does actually
implement at least one interface, and a JDK-based proxy is created. The interfaces
that are actually proxied are all of the interfaces that the target class
implements. In effect, this is the same as supplying a list of each and every
interface that the target class implements to the `proxyInterfaces` property. However,
it is significantly less work and less prone to typographical errors.
[[aop-api-proxying-intf]]
== Proxying Interfaces
Consider a simple example of `ProxyFactoryBean` in action. This example involves:
* A target bean that is proxied. This is the `personTarget` bean definition in
the example.
* An `Advisor` and an `Interceptor` used to provide advice.
* An AOP proxy bean definition to specify the target object (the `personTarget` bean),
the interfaces to proxy, and the advice to apply.
The following listing shows the example:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="personTarget" class="com.mycompany.PersonImpl">
<property name="name" value="Tony"/>
<property name="age" value="51"/>
</bean>
<bean id="myAdvisor" class="com.mycompany.MyAdvisor">
<property name="someProperty" value="Custom string property value"/>
</bean>
<bean id="debugInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.interceptor.DebugInterceptor">
</bean>
<bean id="person"
class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.mycompany.Person"/>
<property name="target" ref="personTarget"/>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>myAdvisor</value>
<value>debugInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
----
Note that the `interceptorNames` property takes a list of `String`, which holds the bean names of the
interceptors or advisors in the current factory. You can use advisors, interceptors, before, after
returning, and throws advice objects. The ordering of advisors is significant.
NOTE: You might be wondering why the list does not hold bean references. The reason for this is
that, if the singleton property of the `ProxyFactoryBean` is set to `false`, it must be able to
return independent proxy instances. If any of the advisors is itself a prototype, an
independent instance would need to be returned, so it is necessary to be able to obtain
an instance of the prototype from the factory. Holding a reference is not sufficient.
The `person` bean definition shown earlier can be used in place of a `Person` implementation, as
follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
Person person = (Person) factory.getBean("person");
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
val person = factory.getBean("person") as Person;
----
======
Other beans in the same IoC context can express a strongly typed dependency on it, as
with an ordinary Java object. The following example shows how to do so:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="personUser" class="com.mycompany.PersonUser">
<property name="person"><ref bean="person"/></property>
</bean>
----
The `PersonUser` class in this example exposes a property of type `Person`. As far as
it is concerned, the AOP proxy can be used transparently in place of a "`real`" person
implementation. However, its class would be a dynamic proxy class. It would be possible
to cast it to the `Advised` interface (discussed later).
You can conceal the distinction between target and proxy by using an anonymous
inner bean. Only the `ProxyFactoryBean` definition is different. The
advice is included only for completeness. The following example shows how to use an
anonymous inner bean:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="myAdvisor" class="com.mycompany.MyAdvisor">
<property name="someProperty" value="Custom string property value"/>
</bean>
<bean id="debugInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.interceptor.DebugInterceptor"/>
<bean id="person" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.mycompany.Person"/>
<!-- Use inner bean, not local reference to target -->
<property name="target">
<bean class="com.mycompany.PersonImpl">
<property name="name" value="Tony"/>
<property name="age" value="51"/>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>myAdvisor</value>
<value>debugInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
----
Using an anonymous inner bean has the advantage that there is only one object of type `Person`. This is useful if we want
to prevent users of the application context from obtaining a reference to the un-advised
object or need to avoid any ambiguity with Spring IoC autowiring. There is also,
arguably, an advantage in that the `ProxyFactoryBean` definition is self-contained.
However, there are times when being able to obtain the un-advised target from the
factory might actually be an advantage (for example, in certain test scenarios).
[[aop-api-proxying-class]]
== Proxying Classes
What if you need to proxy a class, rather than one or more interfaces?
Imagine that in our earlier example, there was no `Person` interface. We needed to advise
a class called `Person` that did not implement any business interface. In this case, you
can configure Spring to use CGLIB proxying rather than dynamic proxies. To do so, set the
`proxyTargetClass` property on the `ProxyFactoryBean` shown earlier to `true`. While it is best to
program to interfaces rather than classes, the ability to advise classes that do not
implement interfaces can be useful when working with legacy code. (In general, Spring
is not prescriptive. While it makes it easy to apply good practices, it avoids forcing a
particular approach.)
If you want to, you can force the use of CGLIB in any case, even if you do have
interfaces.
CGLIB proxying works by generating a subclass of the target class at runtime. Spring
configures this generated subclass to delegate method calls to the original target. The
subclass is used to implement the Decorator pattern, weaving in the advice.
CGLIB proxying should generally be transparent to users. However, there are some issues
to consider:
* `final` classes cannot be proxied, because they cannot be extended.
* `final` methods cannot be advised, because they cannot be overridden.
* `private` methods cannot be advised, because they cannot be overridden.
* Methods that are not visible, typically package private methods in a parent class
from a different package, cannot be advised because they are effectively private.
NOTE: There is no need to add CGLIB to your classpath. CGLIB is repackaged and included
in the `spring-core` JAR. In other words, CGLIB-based AOP works "out of the box", as do
JDK dynamic proxies.
There is little performance difference between CGLIB proxies and dynamic proxies.
Performance should not be a decisive consideration in this case.
[[aop-global-advisors]]
== Using "`Global`" Advisors
By appending an asterisk to an interceptor name, all advisors with bean names that match
the part before the asterisk are added to the advisor chain. This can come in handy
if you need to add a standard set of "`global`" advisors. The following example defines
two global advisors:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="proxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="target" ref="service"/>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>global*</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="global_debug" class="org.springframework.aop.interceptor.DebugInterceptor"/>
<bean id="global_performance" class="org.springframework.aop.interceptor.PerformanceMonitorInterceptor"/>
----
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
[[aop-api-pointcuts]]
= Pointcut API in Spring
This section describes how Spring handles the crucial pointcut concept.
[[aop-api-concepts]]
== Concepts
Spring's pointcut model enables pointcut reuse independent of advice types. You can
target different advice with the same pointcut.
The `org.springframework.aop.Pointcut` interface is the central interface, used to
target advice to particular classes and methods. The complete interface follows:
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
public interface Pointcut {
ClassFilter getClassFilter();
MethodMatcher getMethodMatcher();
}
----
Splitting the `Pointcut` interface into two parts allows reuse of class and method
matching parts and fine-grained composition operations (such as performing a "`union`"
with another method matcher).
The `ClassFilter` interface is used to restrict the pointcut to a given set of target
classes. If the `matches()` method always returns true, all target classes are
matched. The following listing shows the `ClassFilter` interface definition:
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
public interface ClassFilter {
boolean matches(Class clazz);
}
----
The `MethodMatcher` interface is normally more important. The complete interface follows:
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
public interface MethodMatcher {
boolean matches(Method m, Class<?> targetClass);
boolean isRuntime();
boolean matches(Method m, Class<?> targetClass, Object... args);
}
----
The `matches(Method, Class)` method is used to test whether this pointcut ever
matches a given method on a target class. This evaluation can be performed when an AOP
proxy is created to avoid the need for a test on every method invocation. If the
two-argument `matches` method returns `true` for a given method, and the `isRuntime()`
method for the MethodMatcher returns `true`, the three-argument matches method is
invoked on every method invocation. This lets a pointcut look at the arguments passed
to the method invocation immediately before the target advice starts.
Most `MethodMatcher` implementations are static, meaning that their `isRuntime()` method
returns `false`. In this case, the three-argument `matches` method is never invoked.
TIP: If possible, try to make pointcuts static, allowing the AOP framework to cache the
results of pointcut evaluation when an AOP proxy is created.
[[aop-api-pointcut-ops]]
== Operations on Pointcuts
Spring supports operations (notably, union and intersection) on pointcuts.
Union means the methods that either pointcut matches.
Intersection means the methods that both pointcuts match.
Union is usually more useful.
You can compose pointcuts by using the static methods in the
`org.springframework.aop.support.Pointcuts` class or by using the
`ComposablePointcut` class in the same package. However, using AspectJ pointcut
expressions is usually a simpler approach.
[[aop-api-pointcuts-aspectj]]
== AspectJ Expression Pointcuts
Since 2.0, the most important type of pointcut used by Spring is
`org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut`. This is a pointcut that
uses an AspectJ-supplied library to parse an AspectJ pointcut expression string.
See the xref:core/aop.adoc[previous chapter] for a discussion of supported AspectJ pointcut primitives.
[[aop-api-pointcuts-impls]]
== Convenience Pointcut Implementations
Spring provides several convenient pointcut implementations. You can use some of them
directly; others are intended to be subclassed in application-specific pointcuts.
[[aop-api-pointcuts-static]]
=== Static Pointcuts
Static pointcuts are based on the method and the target class and cannot take into account
the method's arguments. Static pointcuts suffice -- and are best -- for most usages.
Spring can evaluate a static pointcut only once, when a method is first invoked.
After that, there is no need to evaluate the pointcut again with each method invocation.
The rest of this section describes some of the static pointcut implementations that are
included with Spring.
[[aop-api-pointcuts-regex]]
==== Regular Expression Pointcuts
One obvious way to specify static pointcuts is regular expressions. Several AOP
frameworks besides Spring make this possible.
`org.springframework.aop.support.JdkRegexpMethodPointcut` is a generic regular
expression pointcut that uses the regular expression support in the JDK.
With the `JdkRegexpMethodPointcut` class, you can provide a list of pattern strings.
If any of these is a match, the pointcut evaluates to `true`. (As a consequence,
the resulting pointcut is effectively the union of the specified patterns.)
The following example shows how to use `JdkRegexpMethodPointcut`:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<bean id="settersAndAbsquatulatePointcut"
class="org.springframework.aop.support.JdkRegexpMethodPointcut">
<property name="patterns">
<list>
<value>.*set.*</value>
<value>.*absquatulate</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
----
Spring provides a convenience class named `RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor`, which lets us
also reference an `Advice` (remember that an `Advice` can be an interceptor, before advice,
throws advice, and others). Behind the scenes, Spring uses a `JdkRegexpMethodPointcut`.
Using `RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor` simplifies wiring, as the one bean encapsulates both
pointcut and advice, as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<bean id="settersAndAbsquatulateAdvisor"
class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="advice">
<ref bean="beanNameOfAopAllianceInterceptor"/>
</property>
<property name="patterns">
<list>
<value>.*set.*</value>
<value>.*absquatulate</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
----
You can use `RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor` with any `Advice` type.
[[aop-api-pointcuts-attribute-driven]]
==== Attribute-driven Pointcuts
An important type of static pointcut is a metadata-driven pointcut. This uses the
values of metadata attributes (typically, source-level metadata).
[[aop-api-pointcuts-dynamic]]
=== Dynamic pointcuts
Dynamic pointcuts are costlier to evaluate than static pointcuts. They take into account
method arguments as well as static information. This means that they must be
evaluated with every method invocation and that the result cannot be cached, as arguments will
vary.
The main example is the `control flow` pointcut.
[[aop-api-pointcuts-cflow]]
==== Control Flow Pointcuts
Spring control flow pointcuts are conceptually similar to AspectJ `cflow` pointcuts,
although less powerful. (There is currently no way to specify that a pointcut runs
below a join point matched by another pointcut.) A control flow pointcut matches the
current call stack. For example, it might fire if the join point was invoked by a method
in the `com.mycompany.web` package or by the `SomeCaller` class. Control flow pointcuts
are specified by using the `org.springframework.aop.support.ControlFlowPointcut` class.
NOTE: Control flow pointcuts are significantly more expensive to evaluate at runtime than even
other dynamic pointcuts. In Java 1.4, the cost is about five times that of other dynamic
pointcuts.
[[aop-api-pointcuts-superclasses]]
== Pointcut Superclasses
Spring provides useful pointcut superclasses to help you to implement your own pointcuts.
Because static pointcuts are most useful, you should probably subclass
`StaticMethodMatcherPointcut`. This requires implementing only one
abstract method (although you can override other methods to customize behavior). The
following example shows how to subclass `StaticMethodMatcherPointcut`:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
class TestStaticPointcut extends StaticMethodMatcherPointcut {
public boolean matches(Method m, Class targetClass) {
// return true if custom criteria match
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
class TestStaticPointcut : StaticMethodMatcherPointcut() {
override fun matches(method: Method, targetClass: Class<*>): Boolean {
// return true if custom criteria match
}
}
----
======
There are also superclasses for dynamic pointcuts.
You can use custom pointcuts with any advice type.
[[aop-api-pointcuts-custom]]
== Custom Pointcuts
Because pointcuts in Spring AOP are Java classes rather than language features (as in
AspectJ), you can declare custom pointcuts, whether static or dynamic. Custom
pointcuts in Spring can be arbitrarily complex. However, we recommend using the AspectJ pointcut
expression language, if you can.
NOTE: Later versions of Spring may offer support for "`semantic pointcuts`" as offered by JAC --
for example, "`all methods that change instance variables in the target object.`"
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
[[aop-prog]]
= Creating AOP Proxies Programmatically with the `ProxyFactory`
It is easy to create AOP proxies programmatically with Spring. This lets you use
Spring AOP without dependency on Spring IoC.
The interfaces implemented by the target object are
automatically proxied. The following listing shows creation of a proxy for a target object, with one
interceptor and one advisor:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
ProxyFactory factory = new ProxyFactory(myBusinessInterfaceImpl);
factory.addAdvice(myMethodInterceptor);
factory.addAdvisor(myAdvisor);
MyBusinessInterface tb = (MyBusinessInterface) factory.getProxy();
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
val factory = ProxyFactory(myBusinessInterfaceImpl)
factory.addAdvice(myMethodInterceptor)
factory.addAdvisor(myAdvisor)
val tb = factory.proxy as MyBusinessInterface
----
======
The first step is to construct an object of type
`org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactory`. You can create this with a target
object, as in the preceding example, or specify the interfaces to be proxied in an alternate
constructor.
You can add advice (with interceptors as a specialized kind of advice), advisors, or both
and manipulate them for the life of the `ProxyFactory`. If you add an
`IntroductionInterceptionAroundAdvisor`, you can cause the proxy to implement additional
interfaces.
There are also convenience methods on `ProxyFactory` (inherited from `AdvisedSupport`)
that let you add other advice types, such as before and throws advice.
`AdvisedSupport` is the superclass of both `ProxyFactory` and `ProxyFactoryBean`.
TIP: Integrating AOP proxy creation with the IoC framework is best practice in most
applications. We recommend that you externalize configuration from Java code with AOP,
as you should in general.
@@ -1,232 +0,0 @@
[[aop-targetsource]]
= Using `TargetSource` Implementations
Spring offers the concept of a `TargetSource`, expressed in the
`org.springframework.aop.TargetSource` interface. This interface is responsible for
returning the "`target object`" that implements the join point. The `TargetSource`
implementation is asked for a target instance each time the AOP proxy handles a method
invocation.
Developers who use Spring AOP do not normally need to work directly with `TargetSource` implementations, but
this provides a powerful means of supporting pooling, hot swappable, and other
sophisticated targets. For example, a pooling `TargetSource` can return a different target
instance for each invocation, by using a pool to manage instances.
If you do not specify a `TargetSource`, a default implementation is used to wrap a
local object. The same target is returned for each invocation (as you would expect).
The rest of this section describes the standard target sources provided with Spring and how you can use them.
TIP: When using a custom target source, your target will usually need to be a prototype
rather than a singleton bean definition. This allows Spring to create a new target
instance when required.
[[aop-ts-swap]]
== Hot-swappable Target Sources
The `org.springframework.aop.target.HotSwappableTargetSource` exists to let the target
of an AOP proxy be switched while letting callers keep their references to it.
Changing the target source's target takes effect immediately. The
`HotSwappableTargetSource` is thread-safe.
You can change the target by using the `swap()` method on HotSwappableTargetSource, as the follow example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
HotSwappableTargetSource swapper = (HotSwappableTargetSource) beanFactory.getBean("swapper");
Object oldTarget = swapper.swap(newTarget);
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
val swapper = beanFactory.getBean("swapper") as HotSwappableTargetSource
val oldTarget = swapper.swap(newTarget)
----
======
The following example shows the required XML definitions:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="initialTarget" class="mycompany.OldTarget"/>
<bean id="swapper" class="org.springframework.aop.target.HotSwappableTargetSource">
<constructor-arg ref="initialTarget"/>
</bean>
<bean id="swappable" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="targetSource" ref="swapper"/>
</bean>
----
The preceding `swap()` call changes the target of the swappable bean. Clients that hold a
reference to that bean are unaware of the change but immediately start hitting
the new target.
Although this example does not add any advice (it is not necessary to add advice to
use a `TargetSource`), any `TargetSource` can be used in conjunction with
arbitrary advice.
[[aop-ts-pool]]
== Pooling Target Sources
Using a pooling target source provides a similar programming model to stateless session
EJBs, in which a pool of identical instances is maintained, with method invocations
going to free objects in the pool.
A crucial difference between Spring pooling and SLSB pooling is that Spring pooling can
be applied to any POJO. As with Spring in general, this service can be applied in a
non-invasive way.
Spring provides support for Commons Pool 2.2, which provides a
fairly efficient pooling implementation. You need the `commons-pool` Jar on your
application's classpath to use this feature. You can also subclass
`org.springframework.aop.target.AbstractPoolingTargetSource` to support any other
pooling API.
NOTE: Commons Pool 1.5+ is also supported but is deprecated as of Spring Framework 4.2.
The following listing shows an example configuration:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="businessObjectTarget" class="com.mycompany.MyBusinessObject"
scope="prototype">
... properties omitted
</bean>
<bean id="poolTargetSource" class="org.springframework.aop.target.CommonsPool2TargetSource">
<property name="targetBeanName" value="businessObjectTarget"/>
<property name="maxSize" value="25"/>
</bean>
<bean id="businessObject" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="targetSource" ref="poolTargetSource"/>
<property name="interceptorNames" value="myInterceptor"/>
</bean>
----
Note that the target object (`businessObjectTarget` in the preceding example) must be a
prototype. This lets the `PoolingTargetSource` implementation create new instances
of the target to grow the pool as necessary. See the {spring-framework-api}/aop/target/AbstractPoolingTargetSource.html[javadoc of
`AbstractPoolingTargetSource`] and the concrete subclass you wish to use for information
about its properties. `maxSize` is the most basic and is always guaranteed to be present.
In this case, `myInterceptor` is the name of an interceptor that would need to be
defined in the same IoC context. However, you need not specify interceptors to
use pooling. If you want only pooling and no other advice, do not set the
`interceptorNames` property at all.
You can configure Spring to be able to cast any pooled object to the
`org.springframework.aop.target.PoolingConfig` interface, which exposes information
about the configuration and current size of the pool through an introduction. You
need to define an advisor similar to the following:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="poolConfigAdvisor" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.MethodInvokingFactoryBean">
<property name="targetObject" ref="poolTargetSource"/>
<property name="targetMethod" value="getPoolingConfigMixin"/>
</bean>
----
This advisor is obtained by calling a convenience method on the
`AbstractPoolingTargetSource` class, hence the use of `MethodInvokingFactoryBean`. This
advisor's name (`poolConfigAdvisor`, here) must be in the list of interceptors names in
the `ProxyFactoryBean` that exposes the pooled object.
The cast is defined as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
PoolingConfig conf = (PoolingConfig) beanFactory.getBean("businessObject");
System.out.println("Max pool size is " + conf.getMaxSize());
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
val conf = beanFactory.getBean("businessObject") as PoolingConfig
println("Max pool size is " + conf.maxSize)
----
======
NOTE: Pooling stateless service objects is not usually necessary. We do not believe it should
be the default choice, as most stateless objects are naturally thread-safe, and instance
pooling is problematic if resources are cached.
Simpler pooling is available by using auto-proxying. You can set the `TargetSource` implementations
used by any auto-proxy creator.
[[aop-ts-prototype]]
== Prototype Target Sources
Setting up a "`prototype`" target source is similar to setting up a pooling `TargetSource`. In this
case, a new instance of the target is created on every method invocation. Although
the cost of creating a new object is not high in a modern JVM, the cost of wiring up the
new object (satisfying its IoC dependencies) may be more expensive. Thus, you should not
use this approach without very good reason.
To do this, you could modify the `poolTargetSource` definition shown earlier as follows
(we also changed the name, for clarity):
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="prototypeTargetSource" class="org.springframework.aop.target.PrototypeTargetSource">
<property name="targetBeanName" ref="businessObjectTarget"/>
</bean>
----
The only property is the name of the target bean. Inheritance is used in the
`TargetSource` implementations to ensure consistent naming. As with the pooling target
source, the target bean must be a prototype bean definition.
[[aop-ts-threadlocal]]
== `ThreadLocal` Target Sources
`ThreadLocal` target sources are useful if you need an object to be created for each
incoming request (per thread that is). The concept of a `ThreadLocal` provides a JDK-wide
facility to transparently store a resource alongside a thread. Setting up a
`ThreadLocalTargetSource` is pretty much the same as was explained for the other types
of target source, as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
<bean id="threadlocalTargetSource" class="org.springframework.aop.target.ThreadLocalTargetSource">
<property name="targetBeanName" value="businessObjectTarget"/>
</bean>
----
NOTE: `ThreadLocal` instances come with serious issues (potentially resulting in memory leaks) when
incorrectly using them in multi-threaded and multi-classloader environments. You
should always consider wrapping a `ThreadLocal` in some other class and never directly use
the `ThreadLocal` itself (except in the wrapper class). Also, you should
always remember to correctly set and unset (where the latter involves a call to
`ThreadLocal.remove()`) the resource local to the thread. Unsetting should be done in
any case, since not unsetting it might result in problematic behavior. Spring's
`ThreadLocal` support does this for you and should always be considered in favor of using
`ThreadLocal` instances without other proper handling code.
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
[[aop]]
= Aspect Oriented Programming with Spring
Aspect-oriented Programming (AOP) complements Object-oriented Programming (OOP) by
providing another way of thinking about program structure. The key unit of modularity
in OOP is the class, whereas in AOP the unit of modularity is the aspect. Aspects
enable the modularization of concerns (such as transaction management) that cut across
multiple types and objects. (Such concerns are often termed "crosscutting" concerns
in AOP literature.)
One of the key components of Spring is the AOP framework. While the Spring IoC
container does not depend on AOP (meaning you do not need to use AOP if you don't want
to), AOP complements Spring IoC to provide a very capable middleware solution.
.Spring AOP with AspectJ pointcuts
****
Spring provides simple and powerful ways of writing custom aspects by using either a
xref:core/aop/schema.adoc[schema-based approach] or the xref:core/aop/ataspectj.adoc[@AspectJ annotation style].
Both of these styles offer fully typed advice and use of the AspectJ pointcut language
while still using Spring AOP for weaving.
This chapter discusses the schema- and @AspectJ-based AOP support.
The lower-level AOP support is discussed in xref:core/aop-api.adoc[the following chapter].
****
AOP is used in the Spring Framework to:
* Provide declarative enterprise services. The most important such service is
xref:data-access/transaction/declarative.adoc[declarative transaction management].
* Let users implement custom aspects, complementing their use of OOP with AOP.
NOTE: If you are interested only in generic declarative services or other pre-packaged
declarative middleware services such as pooling, you do not need to work directly with
Spring AOP, and can skip most of this chapter.
@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
[[aop-aspectj-programmatic]]
= Programmatic Creation of @AspectJ Proxies
In addition to declaring aspects in your configuration by using either `<aop:config>`
or `<aop:aspectj-autoproxy>`, it is also possible to programmatically create proxies
that advise target objects. For the full details of Spring's AOP API, see the
xref:core/aop-api.adoc[next chapter]. Here, we want to focus on the ability to automatically
create proxies by using @AspectJ aspects.
You can use the `org.springframework.aop.aspectj.annotation.AspectJProxyFactory` class
to create a proxy for a target object that is advised by one or more @AspectJ aspects.
The basic usage for this class is very simple, as the following example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
// create a factory that can generate a proxy for the given target object
AspectJProxyFactory factory = new AspectJProxyFactory(targetObject);
// add an aspect, the class must be an @AspectJ aspect
// you can call this as many times as you need with different aspects
factory.addAspect(SecurityManager.class);
// you can also add existing aspect instances, the type of the object supplied
// must be an @AspectJ aspect
factory.addAspect(usageTracker);
// now get the proxy object...
MyInterfaceType proxy = factory.getProxy();
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
// create a factory that can generate a proxy for the given target object
val factory = AspectJProxyFactory(targetObject)
// add an aspect, the class must be an @AspectJ aspect
// you can call this as many times as you need with different aspects
factory.addAspect(SecurityManager::class.java)
// you can also add existing aspect instances, the type of the object supplied
// must be an @AspectJ aspect
factory.addAspect(usageTracker)
// now get the proxy object...
val proxy = factory.getProxy<Any>()
----
======
See the {spring-framework-api}/aop/aspectj/annotation/AspectJProxyFactory.html[javadoc] for more information.
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
[[aop-ataspectj]]
= @AspectJ support
:page-section-summary-toc: 1
@AspectJ refers to a style of declaring aspects as regular Java classes annotated with
annotations. The @AspectJ style was introduced by the
{aspectj-site}[AspectJ project] as part of the AspectJ 5 release. Spring
interprets the same annotations as AspectJ 5, using a library supplied by AspectJ
for pointcut parsing and matching. The AOP runtime is still pure Spring AOP, though, and
there is no dependency on the AspectJ compiler or weaver.
NOTE: Using the AspectJ compiler and weaver enables use of the full AspectJ language and
is discussed in xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc[Using AspectJ with Spring Applications].
@@ -1,941 +0,0 @@
[[aop-advice]]
= Declaring Advice
Advice is associated with a pointcut expression and runs before, after, or around method
executions matched by the pointcut. The pointcut expression may be either an _inline
pointcut_ or a reference to a xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-common-pointcuts[_named pointcut_].
[[aop-advice-before]]
== Before Advice
You can declare before advice in an aspect by using the `@Before` annotation.
The following example uses an inline pointcut expression.
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
@Aspect
public class BeforeExample {
@Before("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
public void doAccessCheck() {
// ...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before
@Aspect
class BeforeExample {
@Before("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
fun doAccessCheck() {
// ...
}
}
----
======
If we use a xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-common-pointcuts[named pointcut], we can rewrite the preceding example
as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
@Aspect
public class BeforeExample {
@Before("com.xyz.CommonPointcuts.dataAccessOperation()")
public void doAccessCheck() {
// ...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before
@Aspect
class BeforeExample {
@Before("com.xyz.CommonPointcuts.dataAccessOperation()")
fun doAccessCheck() {
// ...
}
}
----
======
[[aop-advice-after-returning]]
== After Returning Advice
After returning advice runs when a matched method execution returns normally.
You can declare it by using the `@AfterReturning` annotation.
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
@Aspect
public class AfterReturningExample {
@AfterReturning("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
public void doAccessCheck() {
// ...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning
@Aspect
class AfterReturningExample {
@AfterReturning("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
fun doAccessCheck() {
// ...
}
}
----
======
NOTE: You can have multiple advice declarations (and other members as well),
all inside the same aspect. We show only a single advice declaration in these
examples to focus the effect of each one.
Sometimes, you need access in the advice body to the actual value that was returned.
You can use the form of `@AfterReturning` that binds the return value to get that
access, as the following example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
@Aspect
public class AfterReturningExample {
@AfterReturning(
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))",
returning="retVal")
public void doAccessCheck(Object retVal) {
// ...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning
@Aspect
class AfterReturningExample {
@AfterReturning(
pointcut = "execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))",
returning = "retVal")
fun doAccessCheck(retVal: Any?) {
// ...
}
}
----
======
The name used in the `returning` attribute must correspond to the name of a parameter
in the advice method. When a method execution returns, the return value is passed to
the advice method as the corresponding argument value. A `returning` clause also
restricts matching to only those method executions that return a value of the
specified type (in this case, `Object`, which matches any return value).
Please note that it is not possible to return a totally different reference when
using after returning advice.
[[aop-advice-after-throwing]]
== After Throwing Advice
After throwing advice runs when a matched method execution exits by throwing an
exception. You can declare it by using the `@AfterThrowing` annotation, as the
following example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
@Aspect
public class AfterThrowingExample {
@AfterThrowing("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
public void doRecoveryActions() {
// ...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing
@Aspect
class AfterThrowingExample {
@AfterThrowing("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
fun doRecoveryActions() {
// ...
}
}
----
======
Often, you want the advice to run only when exceptions of a given type are thrown,
and you also often need access to the thrown exception in the advice body. You can
use the `throwing` attribute to both restrict matching (if desired -- use `Throwable`
as the exception type otherwise) and bind the thrown exception to an advice parameter.
The following example shows how to do so:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
@Aspect
public class AfterThrowingExample {
@AfterThrowing(
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))",
throwing="ex")
public void doRecoveryActions(DataAccessException ex) {
// ...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing
@Aspect
class AfterThrowingExample {
@AfterThrowing(
pointcut = "execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))",
throwing = "ex")
fun doRecoveryActions(ex: DataAccessException) {
// ...
}
}
----
======
The name used in the `throwing` attribute must correspond to the name of a parameter in
the advice method. When a method execution exits by throwing an exception, the exception
is passed to the advice method as the corresponding argument value. A `throwing` clause
also restricts matching to only those method executions that throw an exception of the
specified type (`DataAccessException`, in this case).
[NOTE]
====
Note that `@AfterThrowing` does not indicate a general exception handling callback.
Specifically, an `@AfterThrowing` advice method is only supposed to receive exceptions
from the join point (user-declared target method) itself but not from an accompanying
`@After`/`@AfterReturning` method.
====
[[aop-advice-after-finally]]
== After (Finally) Advice
After (finally) advice runs when a matched method execution exits. It is declared by
using the `@After` annotation. After advice must be prepared to handle both normal and
exception return conditions. It is typically used for releasing resources and similar
purposes. The following example shows how to use after finally advice:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
@Aspect
public class AfterFinallyExample {
@After("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
public void doReleaseLock() {
// ...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After
@Aspect
class AfterFinallyExample {
@After("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
fun doReleaseLock() {
// ...
}
}
----
======
[NOTE]
====
Note that `@After` advice in AspectJ is defined as "after finally advice", analogous
to a finally block in a try-catch statement. It will be invoked for any outcome,
normal return or exception thrown from the join point (user-declared target method),
in contrast to `@AfterReturning` which only applies to successful normal returns.
====
[[aop-ataspectj-around-advice]]
== Around Advice
The last kind of advice is _around_ advice. Around advice runs "around" a matched
method's execution. It has the opportunity to do work both before and after the method
runs and to determine when, how, and even if the method actually gets to run at all.
Around advice is often used if you need to share state before and after a method
execution in a thread-safe manner for example, starting and stopping a timer.
[TIP]
====
Always use the least powerful form of advice that meets your requirements.
For example, do not use _around_ advice if _before_ advice is sufficient for your needs.
====
Around advice is declared by annotating a method with the `@Around` annotation. The
method should declare `Object` as its return type, and the first parameter of the method
must be of type `ProceedingJoinPoint`. Within the body of the advice method, you must
invoke `proceed()` on the `ProceedingJoinPoint` in order for the underlying method to
run. Invoking `proceed()` without arguments will result in the caller's original
arguments being supplied to the underlying method when it is invoked. For advanced use
cases, there is an overloaded variant of the `proceed()` method which accepts an array of
arguments (`Object[]`). The values in the array will be used as the arguments to the
underlying method when it is invoked.
[NOTE]
====
The behavior of `proceed` when called with an `Object[]` is a little different than the
behavior of `proceed` for around advice compiled by the AspectJ compiler. For around
advice written using the traditional AspectJ language, the number of arguments passed to
`proceed` must match the number of arguments passed to the around advice (not the number
of arguments taken by the underlying join point), and the value passed to proceed in a
given argument position supplants the original value at the join point for the entity the
value was bound to (do not worry if this does not make sense right now).
The approach taken by Spring is simpler and a better match to its proxy-based,
execution-only semantics. You only need to be aware of this difference if you compile
`@AspectJ` aspects written for Spring and use `proceed` with arguments with the AspectJ
compiler and weaver. There is a way to write such aspects that is 100% compatible across
both Spring AOP and AspectJ, and this is discussed in the
xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc#aop-ataspectj-advice-proceeding-with-the-call[following section on advice parameters].
====
The value returned by the around advice is the return value seen by the caller of the
method. For example, a simple caching aspect could return a value from a cache if it has
one or invoke `proceed()` (and return that value) if it does not. Note that `proceed`
may be invoked once, many times, or not at all within the body of the around advice. All
of these are legal.
WARNING: If you declare the return type of your around advice method as `void`, `null`
will always be returned to the caller, effectively ignoring the result of any invocation
of `proceed()`. It is therefore recommended that an around advice method declare a return
type of `Object`. The advice method should typically return the value returned from an
invocation of `proceed()`, even if the underlying method has a `void` return type.
However, the advice may optionally return a cached value, a wrapped value, or some other
value depending on the use case.
The following example shows how to use around advice:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
@Aspect
public class AroundExample {
@Around("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))")
public Object doBasicProfiling(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
// start stopwatch
Object retVal = pjp.proceed();
// stop stopwatch
return retVal;
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint
@Aspect
class AroundExample {
@Around("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))")
fun doBasicProfiling(pjp: ProceedingJoinPoint): Any? {
// start stopwatch
val retVal = pjp.proceed()
// stop stopwatch
return retVal
}
}
----
======
[[aop-ataspectj-advice-params]]
== Advice Parameters
Spring offers fully typed advice, meaning that you declare the parameters you need in the
advice signature (as we saw earlier for the returning and throwing examples) rather than
work with `Object[]` arrays all the time. We see how to make argument and other contextual
values available to the advice body later in this section. First, we take a look at how to
write generic advice that can find out about the method the advice is currently advising.
[[aop-ataspectj-advice-params-the-joinpoint]]
=== Access to the Current `JoinPoint`
Any advice method may declare, as its first parameter, a parameter of type
`org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint`. Note that around advice is required to declare a first
parameter of type `ProceedingJoinPoint`, which is a subclass of `JoinPoint`.
The `JoinPoint` interface provides a number of useful methods:
* `getArgs()`: Returns the method arguments.
* `getThis()`: Returns the proxy object.
* `getTarget()`: Returns the target object.
* `getSignature()`: Returns a description of the method that is being advised.
* `toString()`: Prints a useful description of the method being advised.
See the {aspectj-api}/org/aspectj/lang/JoinPoint.html[javadoc] for more detail.
[[aop-ataspectj-advice-params-passing]]
=== Passing Parameters to Advice
We have already seen how to bind the returned value or exception value (using after
returning and after throwing advice). To make argument values available to the advice
body, you can use the binding form of `args`. If you use a parameter name in place of a
type name in an `args` expression, the value of the corresponding argument is passed as
the parameter value when the advice is invoked. An example should make this clearer.
Suppose you want to advise the execution of DAO operations that take an `Account`
object as the first parameter, and you need access to the account in the advice body.
You could write the following:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Before("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..)) && args(account,..)")
public void validateAccount(Account account) {
// ...
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Before("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..)) && args(account,..)")
fun validateAccount(account: Account) {
// ...
}
----
======
The `args(account,..)` part of the pointcut expression serves two purposes. First, it
restricts matching to only those method executions where the method takes at least one
parameter, and the argument passed to that parameter is an instance of `Account`.
Second, it makes the actual `Account` object available to the advice through the `account`
parameter.
Another way of writing this is to declare a pointcut that "provides" the `Account`
object value when it matches a join point, and then refer to the named pointcut
from the advice. This would look as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Pointcut("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..)) && args(account,..)")
private void accountDataAccessOperation(Account account) {}
@Before("accountDataAccessOperation(account)")
public void validateAccount(Account account) {
// ...
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Pointcut("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..)) && args(account,..)")
private fun accountDataAccessOperation(account: Account) {
}
@Before("accountDataAccessOperation(account)")
fun validateAccount(account: Account) {
// ...
}
----
======
See the AspectJ programming guide for more details.
The proxy object (`this`), target object (`target`), and annotations (`@within`,
`@target`, `@annotation`, and `@args`) can all be bound in a similar fashion. The next
set of examples shows how to match the execution of methods annotated with an
`@Auditable` annotation and extract the audit code:
The following shows the definition of the `@Auditable` annotation:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface Auditable {
AuditCode value();
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Retention(AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME)
@Target(AnnotationTarget.FUNCTION)
annotation class Auditable(val value: AuditCode)
----
======
The following shows the advice that matches the execution of `@Auditable` methods:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Before("com.xyz.Pointcuts.publicMethod() && @annotation(auditable)") // <1>
public void audit(Auditable auditable) {
AuditCode code = auditable.value();
// ...
}
----
<1> References the `publicMethod` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-pointcuts-combining[Combining Pointcut Expressions].
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Before("com.xyz.Pointcuts.publicMethod() && @annotation(auditable)") // <1>
fun audit(auditable: Auditable) {
val code = auditable.value()
// ...
}
----
<1> References the `publicMethod` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-pointcuts-combining[Combining Pointcut Expressions].
======
[[aop-ataspectj-advice-params-generics]]
=== Advice Parameters and Generics
Spring AOP can handle generics used in class declarations and method parameters. Suppose
you have a generic type like the following:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public interface Sample<T> {
void sampleGenericMethod(T param);
void sampleGenericCollectionMethod(Collection<T> param);
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
interface Sample<T> {
fun sampleGenericMethod(param: T)
fun sampleGenericCollectionMethod(param: Collection<T>)
}
----
======
You can restrict interception of method types to certain parameter types by
tying the advice parameter to the parameter type for which you want to intercept the method:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Before("execution(* ..Sample+.sampleGenericMethod(*)) && args(param)")
public void beforeSampleMethod(MyType param) {
// Advice implementation
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Before("execution(* ..Sample+.sampleGenericMethod(*)) && args(param)")
fun beforeSampleMethod(param: MyType) {
// Advice implementation
}
----
======
This approach does not work for generic collections. So you cannot define a
pointcut as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Before("execution(* ..Sample+.sampleGenericCollectionMethod(*)) && args(param)")
public void beforeSampleMethod(Collection<MyType> param) {
// Advice implementation
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Before("execution(* ..Sample+.sampleGenericCollectionMethod(*)) && args(param)")
fun beforeSampleMethod(param: Collection<MyType>) {
// Advice implementation
}
----
======
To make this work, we would have to inspect every element of the collection, which is not
reasonable, as we also cannot decide how to treat `null` values in general. To achieve
something similar to this, you have to type the parameter to `Collection<?>` and manually
check the type of the elements.
[[aop-ataspectj-advice-params-names]]
=== Determining Argument Names
Parameter binding in advice invocations relies on matching the names used in pointcut
expressions to the parameter names declared in advice and pointcut method signatures.
NOTE: This section uses the terms _argument_ and _parameter_ interchangeably, since
AspectJ APIs refer to parameter names as argument names.
Spring AOP uses the following `ParameterNameDiscoverer` implementations to determine
parameter names. Each discoverer will be given a chance to discover parameter names, and
the first successful discoverer wins. If none of the registered discoverers is capable
of determining parameter names, an exception will be thrown.
`AspectJAnnotationParameterNameDiscoverer` :: Uses parameter names that have been explicitly
specified by the user via the `argNames` attribute in the corresponding advice or
pointcut annotation. See xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc#aop-ataspectj-advice-params-names-explicit[Explicit Argument Names] for details.
`KotlinReflectionParameterNameDiscoverer` :: Uses Kotlin reflection APIs to determine
parameter names. This discoverer is only used if such APIs are present on the classpath.
`StandardReflectionParameterNameDiscoverer` :: Uses the standard `java.lang.reflect.Parameter`
API to determine parameter names. Requires that code be compiled with the `-parameters`
flag for `javac`. Recommended approach on Java 8+.
`AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer` :: Deduces parameter names from the pointcut
expression, `returning`, and `throwing` clauses. See the
{spring-framework-api}/aop/aspectj/AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer.html[javadoc]
for details on the algorithm used.
[[aop-ataspectj-advice-params-names-explicit]]
=== Explicit Argument Names
@AspectJ advice and pointcut annotations have an optional `argNames` attribute that you
can use to specify the argument names of the annotated method.
[TIP]
====
If an @AspectJ aspect has been compiled by the AspectJ compiler (`ajc`) even without
debug information, you do not need to add the `argNames` attribute, since the compiler
retains the needed information.
Similarly, if an @AspectJ aspect has been compiled with `javac` using the `-parameters`
flag, you do not need to add the `argNames` attribute, since the compiler retains the
needed information.
====
The following example shows how to use the `argNames` attribute:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Before(
value = "com.xyz.Pointcuts.publicMethod() && target(bean) && @annotation(auditable)", // <1>
argNames = "bean,auditable") // <2>
public void audit(Object bean, Auditable auditable) {
AuditCode code = auditable.value();
// ... use code and bean
}
----
<1> References the `publicMethod` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-pointcuts-combining[Combining Pointcut Expressions].
<2> Declares `bean` and `auditable` as the argument names.
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Before(
value = "com.xyz.Pointcuts.publicMethod() && target(bean) && @annotation(auditable)", // <1>
argNames = "bean,auditable") // <2>
fun audit(bean: Any, auditable: Auditable) {
val code = auditable.value()
// ... use code and bean
}
----
<1> References the `publicMethod` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-pointcuts-combining[Combining Pointcut Expressions].
<2> Declares `bean` and `auditable` as the argument names.
======
If the first parameter is of type `JoinPoint`, `ProceedingJoinPoint`, or
`JoinPoint.StaticPart`, you can omit the name of the parameter from the value of the
`argNames` attribute. For example, if you modify the preceding advice to receive the join
point object, the `argNames` attribute does not need to include it:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Before(
value = "com.xyz.Pointcuts.publicMethod() && target(bean) && @annotation(auditable)", // <1>
argNames = "bean,auditable") // <2>
public void audit(JoinPoint jp, Object bean, Auditable auditable) {
AuditCode code = auditable.value();
// ... use code, bean, and jp
}
----
<1> References the `publicMethod` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-pointcuts-combining[Combining Pointcut Expressions].
<2> Declares `bean` and `auditable` as the argument names.
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Before(
value = "com.xyz.Pointcuts.publicMethod() && target(bean) && @annotation(auditable)", // <1>
argNames = "bean,auditable") // <2>
fun audit(jp: JoinPoint, bean: Any, auditable: Auditable) {
val code = auditable.value()
// ... use code, bean, and jp
}
----
<1> References the `publicMethod` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-pointcuts-combining[Combining Pointcut Expressions].
<2> Declares `bean` and `auditable` as the argument names.
======
The special treatment given to the first parameter of type `JoinPoint`,
`ProceedingJoinPoint`, or `JoinPoint.StaticPart` is particularly convenient for advice
methods that do not collect any other join point context. In such situations, you may
omit the `argNames` attribute. For example, the following advice does not need to declare
the `argNames` attribute:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Before("com.xyz.Pointcuts.publicMethod()") // <1>
public void audit(JoinPoint jp) {
// ... use jp
}
----
<1> References the `publicMethod` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-pointcuts-combining[Combining Pointcut Expressions].
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Before("com.xyz.Pointcuts.publicMethod()") // <1>
fun audit(jp: JoinPoint) {
// ... use jp
}
----
<1> References the `publicMethod` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-pointcuts-combining[Combining Pointcut Expressions].
======
[[aop-ataspectj-advice-proceeding-with-the-call]]
=== Proceeding with Arguments
We remarked earlier that we would describe how to write a `proceed` call with
arguments that works consistently across Spring AOP and AspectJ. The solution is
to ensure that the advice signature binds each of the method parameters in order.
The following example shows how to do so:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Around("execution(List<Account> find*(..)) && " +
"com.xyz.CommonPointcuts.inDataAccessLayer() && " +
"args(accountHolderNamePattern)") // <1>
public Object preProcessQueryPattern(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp,
String accountHolderNamePattern) throws Throwable {
String newPattern = preProcess(accountHolderNamePattern);
return pjp.proceed(new Object[] {newPattern});
}
----
<1> References the `inDataAccessLayer` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-common-pointcuts[Sharing Named Pointcut Definitions].
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Around("execution(List<Account> find*(..)) && " +
"com.xyz.CommonPointcuts.inDataAccessLayer() && " +
"args(accountHolderNamePattern)") // <1>
fun preProcessQueryPattern(pjp: ProceedingJoinPoint,
accountHolderNamePattern: String): Any? {
val newPattern = preProcess(accountHolderNamePattern)
return pjp.proceed(arrayOf<Any>(newPattern))
}
----
<1> References the `inDataAccessLayer` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-common-pointcuts[Sharing Named Pointcut Definitions].
======
In many cases, you do this binding anyway (as in the preceding example).
[[aop-ataspectj-advice-ordering]]
== Advice Ordering
What happens when multiple pieces of advice all want to run at the same join point?
Spring AOP follows the same precedence rules as AspectJ to determine the order of advice
execution. The highest precedence advice runs first "on the way in" (so, given two pieces
of before advice, the one with highest precedence runs first). "On the way out" from a
join point, the highest precedence advice runs last (so, given two pieces of after
advice, the one with the highest precedence will run second).
When two pieces of advice defined in different aspects both need to run at the same
join point, unless you specify otherwise, the order of execution is undefined. You can
control the order of execution by specifying precedence. This is done in the normal
Spring way by either implementing the `org.springframework.core.Ordered` interface in
the aspect class or annotating it with the `@Order` annotation. Given two aspects, the
aspect returning the lower value from `Ordered.getOrder()` (or the annotation value) has
the higher precedence.
[NOTE]
====
Each of the distinct advice types of a particular aspect is conceptually meant to apply
to the join point directly. As a consequence, an `@AfterThrowing` advice method is not
supposed to receive an exception from an accompanying `@After`/`@AfterReturning` method.
As of Spring Framework 5.2.7, advice methods defined in the same `@Aspect` class that
need to run at the same join point are assigned precedence based on their advice type in
the following order, from highest to lowest precedence: `@Around`, `@Before`, `@After`,
`@AfterReturning`, `@AfterThrowing`. Note, however, that an `@After` advice method will
effectively be invoked after any `@AfterReturning` or `@AfterThrowing` advice methods
in the same aspect, following AspectJ's "after finally advice" semantics for `@After`.
When two pieces of the same type of advice (for example, two `@After` advice methods)
defined in the same `@Aspect` class both need to run at the same join point, the ordering
is undefined (since there is no way to retrieve the source code declaration order through
reflection for javac-compiled classes). Consider collapsing such advice methods into one
advice method per join point in each `@Aspect` class or refactor the pieces of advice into
separate `@Aspect` classes that you can order at the aspect level via `Ordered` or `@Order`.
====
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
[[aop-aspectj-support]]
= Enabling @AspectJ Support
To use @AspectJ aspects in a Spring configuration, you need to enable Spring support for
configuring Spring AOP based on @AspectJ aspects and auto-proxying beans based on
whether or not they are advised by those aspects. By auto-proxying, we mean that, if Spring
determines that a bean is advised by one or more aspects, it automatically generates
a proxy for that bean to intercept method invocations and ensures that advice is run
as needed.
The @AspectJ support can be enabled with XML- or Java-style configuration. In either
case, you also need to ensure that AspectJ's `aspectjweaver.jar` library is on the
classpath of your application (version 1.9 or later). This library is available in the
`lib` directory of an AspectJ distribution or from the Maven Central repository.
[[aop-enable-aspectj-java]]
== Enabling @AspectJ Support with Java Configuration
To enable @AspectJ support with Java `@Configuration`, add the `@EnableAspectJAutoProxy`
annotation, as the following example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Configuration
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
public class AppConfig {
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Configuration
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
class AppConfig
----
======
[[aop-enable-aspectj-xml]]
== Enabling @AspectJ Support with XML Configuration
To enable @AspectJ support with XML-based configuration, use the `aop:aspectj-autoproxy`
element, as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
----
This assumes that you use schema support as described in
xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc[XML Schema-based configuration].
See xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc#aop[the AOP schema] for how to
import the tags in the `aop` namespace.
@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
[[aop-at-aspectj]]
= Declaring an Aspect
With @AspectJ support enabled, any bean defined in your application context with a
class that is an @AspectJ aspect (has the `@Aspect` annotation) is automatically
detected by Spring and used to configure Spring AOP. The next two examples show the
minimal steps required for a not-very-useful aspect.
The first of the two examples shows a regular bean definition in the application context
that points to a bean class that is annotated with `@Aspect`:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<bean id="myAspect" class="com.xyz.NotVeryUsefulAspect">
<!-- configure properties of the aspect here -->
</bean>
----
The second of the two examples shows the `NotVeryUsefulAspect` class definition, which is
annotated with `@Aspect`:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary",chomp="-packages",fold="none"]
----
package com.xyz;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
@Aspect
public class NotVeryUsefulAspect {
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary",chomp="-packages",fold="none"]
----
package com.xyz
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect
@Aspect
class NotVeryUsefulAspect
----
======
Aspects (classes annotated with `@Aspect`) can have methods and fields, the same as any
other class. They can also contain pointcut, advice, and introduction (inter-type)
declarations.
.Autodetecting aspects through component scanning
NOTE: You can register aspect classes as regular beans in your Spring XML configuration,
via `@Bean` methods in `@Configuration` classes, or have Spring autodetect them through
classpath scanning -- the same as any other Spring-managed bean. However, note that the
`@Aspect` annotation is not sufficient for autodetection in the classpath. For that
purpose, you need to add a separate `@Component` annotation (or, alternatively, a custom
stereotype annotation that qualifies, as per the rules of Spring's component scanner).
.Advising aspects with other aspects?
NOTE: In Spring AOP, aspects themselves cannot be the targets of advice from other
aspects. The `@Aspect` annotation on a class marks it as an aspect and, hence, excludes
it from auto-proxying.
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
[[aop-ataspectj-example]]
= An AOP Example
Now that you have seen how all the constituent parts work, we can put them together to do
something useful.
The execution of business services can sometimes fail due to concurrency issues (for
example, a deadlock loser). If the operation is retried, it is likely to succeed
on the next try. For business services where it is appropriate to retry in such
conditions (idempotent operations that do not need to go back to the user for conflict
resolution), we want to transparently retry the operation to avoid the client seeing a
`PessimisticLockingFailureException`. This is a requirement that clearly cuts across
multiple services in the service layer and, hence, is ideal for implementing through an
aspect.
Because we want to retry the operation, we need to use around advice so that we can
call `proceed` multiple times. The following listing shows the basic aspect implementation:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Aspect
public class ConcurrentOperationExecutor implements Ordered {
private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES = 2;
private int maxRetries = DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES;
private int order = 1;
public void setMaxRetries(int maxRetries) {
this.maxRetries = maxRetries;
}
public int getOrder() {
return this.order;
}
public void setOrder(int order) {
this.order = order;
}
@Around("com.xyz.CommonPointcuts.businessService()") // <1>
public Object doConcurrentOperation(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
int numAttempts = 0;
PessimisticLockingFailureException lockFailureException;
do {
numAttempts++;
try {
return pjp.proceed();
}
catch(PessimisticLockingFailureException ex) {
lockFailureException = ex;
}
} while(numAttempts <= this.maxRetries);
throw lockFailureException;
}
}
----
<1> References the `businessService` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-common-pointcuts[Sharing Named Pointcut Definitions].
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Aspect
class ConcurrentOperationExecutor : Ordered {
private val DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES = 2
private var maxRetries = DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES
private var order = 1
fun setMaxRetries(maxRetries: Int) {
this.maxRetries = maxRetries
}
override fun getOrder(): Int {
return this.order
}
fun setOrder(order: Int) {
this.order = order
}
@Around("com.xyz.CommonPointcuts.businessService()") // <1>
fun doConcurrentOperation(pjp: ProceedingJoinPoint): Any? {
var numAttempts = 0
var lockFailureException: PessimisticLockingFailureException
do {
numAttempts++
try {
return pjp.proceed()
} catch (ex: PessimisticLockingFailureException) {
lockFailureException = ex
}
} while (numAttempts <= this.maxRetries)
throw lockFailureException
}
}
----
<1> References the `businessService` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-common-pointcuts[Sharing Named Pointcut Definitions].
======
Note that the aspect implements the `Ordered` interface so that we can set the precedence of
the aspect higher than the transaction advice (we want a fresh transaction each time we
retry). The `maxRetries` and `order` properties are both configured by Spring. The
main action happens in the `doConcurrentOperation` around advice. Notice that, for the
moment, we apply the retry logic to each `businessService`. We try to proceed,
and if we fail with a `PessimisticLockingFailureException`, we try again, unless
we have exhausted all of our retry attempts.
The corresponding Spring configuration follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
<bean id="concurrentOperationExecutor"
class="com.xyz.service.impl.ConcurrentOperationExecutor">
<property name="maxRetries" value="3"/>
<property name="order" value="100"/>
</bean>
----
To refine the aspect so that it retries only idempotent operations, we might define the following
`Idempotent` annotation:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
// marker annotation
public @interface Idempotent {
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Retention(AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME)
// marker annotation
annotation class Idempotent
----
======
We can then use the annotation to annotate the implementation of service operations. The change
to the aspect to retry only idempotent operations involves refining the pointcut
expression so that only `@Idempotent` operations match, as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Around("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..)) && " +
"@annotation(com.xyz.service.Idempotent)")
public Object doConcurrentOperation(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
// ...
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Around("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..)) && " +
"@annotation(com.xyz.service.Idempotent)")
fun doConcurrentOperation(pjp: ProceedingJoinPoint): Any? {
// ...
}
----
======
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
[[aop-instantiation-models]]
= Aspect Instantiation Models
NOTE: This is an advanced topic. If you are just starting out with AOP, you can safely skip
it until later.
By default, there is a single instance of each aspect within the application
context. AspectJ calls this the singleton instantiation model. It is possible to define
aspects with alternate lifecycles. Spring supports AspectJ's `perthis`, `pertarget`, and
`pertypewithin` instantiation models; `percflow` and `percflowbelow` are not currently
supported.
You can declare a `perthis` aspect by specifying a `perthis` clause in the `@Aspect`
annotation. Consider the following example:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Aspect("perthis(execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..)))")
public class MyAspect {
private int someState;
@Before("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))")
public void recordServiceUsage() {
// ...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Aspect("perthis(execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..)))")
class MyAspect {
private val someState: Int = 0
@Before("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))")
fun recordServiceUsage() {
// ...
}
}
----
======
In the preceding example, the effect of the `perthis` clause is that one aspect instance
is created for each unique service object that performs a business service (each unique
object bound to `this` at join points matched by the pointcut expression). The aspect
instance is created the first time that a method is invoked on the service object. The
aspect goes out of scope when the service object goes out of scope. Before the aspect
instance is created, none of the advice within it runs. As soon as the aspect instance
has been created, the advice declared within it runs at matched join points, but only
when the service object is the one with which this aspect is associated. See the AspectJ
Programming Guide for more information on `per` clauses.
The `pertarget` instantiation model works in exactly the same way as `perthis`, but it
creates one aspect instance for each unique target object at matched join points.
@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
[[aop-introductions]]
= Introductions
Introductions (known as inter-type declarations in AspectJ) enable an aspect to declare
that advised objects implement a given interface, and to provide an implementation of
that interface on behalf of those objects.
You can make an introduction by using the `@DeclareParents` annotation. This annotation
is used to declare that matching types have a new parent (hence the name). For example,
given an interface named `UsageTracked` and an implementation of that interface named
`DefaultUsageTracked`, the following aspect declares that all implementors of service
interfaces also implement the `UsageTracked` interface (e.g. for statistics via JMX):
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Aspect
public class UsageTracking {
@DeclareParents(value="com.xyz.service.*+", defaultImpl=DefaultUsageTracked.class)
public static UsageTracked mixin;
@Before("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..)) && this(usageTracked)")
public void recordUsage(UsageTracked usageTracked) {
usageTracked.incrementUseCount();
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Aspect
class UsageTracking {
companion object {
@DeclareParents(value = "com.xyz.service.*+",
defaultImpl = DefaultUsageTracked::class)
lateinit var mixin: UsageTracked
}
@Before("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..)) && this(usageTracked)")
fun recordUsage(usageTracked: UsageTracked) {
usageTracked.incrementUseCount()
}
}
----
======
The interface to be implemented is determined by the type of the annotated field. The
`value` attribute of the `@DeclareParents` annotation is an AspectJ type pattern. Any
bean of a matching type implements the `UsageTracked` interface. Note that, in the
before advice of the preceding example, service beans can be directly used as
implementations of the `UsageTracked` interface. If accessing a bean programmatically,
you would write the following:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
UsageTracked usageTracked = context.getBean("myService", UsageTracked.class);
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
val usageTracked = context.getBean("myService", UsageTracked.class)
----
======
@@ -1,586 +0,0 @@
[[aop-pointcuts]]
= Declaring a Pointcut
Pointcuts determine join points of interest and thus enable us to control
when advice runs. Spring AOP only supports method execution join points for Spring
beans, so you can think of a pointcut as matching the execution of methods on Spring
beans. A pointcut declaration has two parts: a signature comprising a name and any
parameters and a pointcut expression that determines exactly which method
executions we are interested in. In the @AspectJ annotation-style of AOP, a pointcut
signature is provided by a regular method definition, and the pointcut expression is
indicated by using the `@Pointcut` annotation (the method serving as the pointcut signature
must have a `void` return type).
An example may help make this distinction between a pointcut signature and a pointcut
expression clear. The following example defines a pointcut named `anyOldTransfer` that
matches the execution of any method named `transfer`:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Pointcut("execution(* transfer(..))") // the pointcut expression
private void anyOldTransfer() {} // the pointcut signature
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Pointcut("execution(* transfer(..))") // the pointcut expression
private fun anyOldTransfer() {} // the pointcut signature
----
======
The pointcut expression that forms the value of the `@Pointcut` annotation is a regular
AspectJ pointcut expression. For a full discussion of AspectJ's pointcut language, see
the {aspectj-docs-progguide}/index.html[AspectJ
Programming Guide] (and, for extensions, the
{aspectj-docs}/adk15notebook/index.html[AspectJ 5
Developer's Notebook]) or one of the books on AspectJ (such as _Eclipse AspectJ_, by Colyer
et al., or _AspectJ in Action_, by Ramnivas Laddad).
[[aop-pointcuts-designators]]
== Supported Pointcut Designators
Spring AOP supports the following AspectJ pointcut designators (PCD) for use in pointcut
expressions:
* `execution`: For matching method execution join points. This is the primary
pointcut designator to use when working with Spring AOP.
* `within`: Limits matching to join points within certain types (the execution
of a method declared within a matching type when using Spring AOP).
* `this`: Limits matching to join points (the execution of methods when using Spring
AOP) where the bean reference (Spring AOP proxy) is an instance of the given type.
* `target`: Limits matching to join points (the execution of methods when using
Spring AOP) where the target object (application object being proxied) is an instance
of the given type.
* `args`: Limits matching to join points (the execution of methods when using Spring
AOP) where the arguments are instances of the given types.
* `@target`: Limits matching to join points (the execution of methods when using
Spring AOP) where the class of the executing object has an annotation of the given type.
* `@args`: Limits matching to join points (the execution of methods when using Spring
AOP) where the runtime type of the actual arguments passed have annotations of the
given types.
* `@within`: Limits matching to join points within types that have the given
annotation (the execution of methods declared in types with the given annotation when
using Spring AOP).
* `@annotation`: Limits matching to join points where the subject of the join point
(the method being run in Spring AOP) has the given annotation.
.Other pointcut types
****
The full AspectJ pointcut language supports additional pointcut designators that are not
supported in Spring: `call`, `get`, `set`, `preinitialization`,
`staticinitialization`, `initialization`, `handler`, `adviceexecution`, `withincode`, `cflow`,
`cflowbelow`, `if`, `@this`, and `@withincode`. Use of these pointcut designators in pointcut
expressions interpreted by Spring AOP results in an `IllegalArgumentException` being
thrown.
The set of pointcut designators supported by Spring AOP may be extended in future
releases to support more of the AspectJ pointcut designators.
****
Because Spring AOP limits matching to only method execution join points, the preceding discussion
of the pointcut designators gives a narrower definition than you can find in the
AspectJ programming guide. In addition, AspectJ itself has type-based semantics and, at
an execution join point, both `this` and `target` refer to the same object: the
object executing the method. Spring AOP is a proxy-based system and differentiates
between the proxy object itself (which is bound to `this`) and the target object behind the
proxy (which is bound to `target`).
[NOTE]
====
Due to the proxy-based nature of Spring's AOP framework, calls within the target object
are, by definition, not intercepted. For JDK proxies, only public interface method
calls on the proxy can be intercepted. With CGLIB, public and protected method calls on
the proxy are intercepted (and even package-visible methods, if necessary). However,
common interactions through proxies should always be designed through public signatures.
Note that pointcut definitions are generally matched against any intercepted method.
If a pointcut is strictly meant to be public-only, even in a CGLIB proxy scenario with
potential non-public interactions through proxies, it needs to be defined accordingly.
If your interception needs include method calls or even constructors within the target
class, consider the use of Spring-driven xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-aj-ltw[native AspectJ weaving] instead
of Spring's proxy-based AOP framework. This constitutes a different mode of AOP usage
with different characteristics, so be sure to make yourself familiar with weaving
before making a decision.
====
Spring AOP also supports an additional PCD named `bean`. This PCD lets you limit
the matching of join points to a particular named Spring bean or to a set of named
Spring beans (when using wildcards). The `bean` PCD has the following form:
[source,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
bean(idOrNameOfBean)
----
The `idOrNameOfBean` token can be the name of any Spring bean. Limited wildcard
support that uses the `*` character is provided, so, if you establish some naming
conventions for your Spring beans, you can write a `bean` PCD expression
to select them. As is the case with other pointcut designators, the `bean` PCD can
be used with the `&&` (and), `||` (or), and `!` (negation) operators, too.
[NOTE]
====
The `bean` PCD is supported only in Spring AOP and not in
native AspectJ weaving. It is a Spring-specific extension to the standard PCDs that
AspectJ defines and is, therefore, not available for aspects declared in the `@Aspect` model.
The `bean` PCD operates at the instance level (building on the Spring bean name
concept) rather than at the type level only (to which weaving-based AOP is limited).
Instance-based pointcut designators are a special capability of Spring's
proxy-based AOP framework and its close integration with the Spring bean factory, where
it is natural and straightforward to identify specific beans by name.
====
[[aop-pointcuts-combining]]
== Combining Pointcut Expressions
You can combine pointcut expressions by using `&&,` `||` and `!`. You can also refer to
pointcut expressions by name. The following example shows three pointcut expressions:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary",chomp="-packages"]
----
package com.xyz;
public class Pointcuts {
@Pointcut("execution(public * *(..))")
public void publicMethod() {} // <1>
@Pointcut("within(com.xyz.trading..*)")
public void inTrading() {} // <2>
@Pointcut("publicMethod() && inTrading()")
public void tradingOperation() {} // <3>
}
----
<1> `publicMethod` matches if a method execution join point represents the execution
of any public method.
<2> `inTrading` matches if a method execution is in the trading module.
<3> `tradingOperation` matches if a method execution represents any public method in the
trading module.
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary",chomp="-packages"]
----
package com.xyz
class Pointcuts {
@Pointcut("execution(public * *(..))")
fun publicMethod() {} // <1>
@Pointcut("within(com.xyz.trading..*)")
fun inTrading() {} // <2>
@Pointcut("publicMethod() && inTrading()")
fun tradingOperation() {} // <3>
}
----
<1> `publicMethod` matches if a method execution join point represents the execution
of any public method.
<2> `inTrading` matches if a method execution is in the trading module.
<3> `tradingOperation` matches if a method execution represents any public method in the
trading module.
======
It is a best practice to build more complex pointcut expressions out of smaller _named
pointcuts_, as shown above. When referring to pointcuts by name, normal Java visibility
rules apply (you can see `private` pointcuts in the same type, `protected` pointcuts in
the hierarchy, `public` pointcuts anywhere, and so on). Visibility does not affect
pointcut matching.
[[aop-common-pointcuts]]
== Sharing Named Pointcut Definitions
When working with enterprise applications, developers often have the need to refer to
modules of the application and particular sets of operations from within several aspects.
We recommend defining a dedicated class that captures commonly used _named pointcut_
expressions for this purpose. Such a class typically resembles the following
`CommonPointcuts` example (though what you name the class is up to you):
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary",chomp="-packages",fold="none"]
----
package com.xyz;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
public class CommonPointcuts {
/**
* A join point is in the web layer if the method is defined
* in a type in the com.xyz.web package or any sub-package
* under that.
*/
@Pointcut("within(com.xyz.web..*)")
public void inWebLayer() {}
/**
* A join point is in the service layer if the method is defined
* in a type in the com.xyz.service package or any sub-package
* under that.
*/
@Pointcut("within(com.xyz.service..*)")
public void inServiceLayer() {}
/**
* A join point is in the data access layer if the method is defined
* in a type in the com.xyz.dao package or any sub-package
* under that.
*/
@Pointcut("within(com.xyz.dao..*)")
public void inDataAccessLayer() {}
/**
* A business service is the execution of any method defined on a service
* interface. This definition assumes that interfaces are placed in the
* "service" package, and that implementation types are in sub-packages.
*
* If you group service interfaces by functional area (for example,
* in packages com.xyz.abc.service and com.xyz.def.service) then
* the pointcut expression "execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))"
* could be used instead.
*
* Alternatively, you can write the expression using the 'bean'
* PCD, like so "bean(*Service)". (This assumes that you have
* named your Spring service beans in a consistent fashion.)
*/
@Pointcut("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))")
public void businessService() {}
/**
* A data access operation is the execution of any method defined on a
* DAO interface. This definition assumes that interfaces are placed in the
* "dao" package, and that implementation types are in sub-packages.
*/
@Pointcut("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
public void dataAccessOperation() {}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary",chomp="-packages",fold="none"]
----
package com.xyz
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut
class CommonPointcuts {
/**
* A join point is in the web layer if the method is defined
* in a type in the com.xyz.web package or any sub-package
* under that.
*/
@Pointcut("within(com.xyz.web..*)")
fun inWebLayer() {}
/**
* A join point is in the service layer if the method is defined
* in a type in the com.xyz.service package or any sub-package
* under that.
*/
@Pointcut("within(com.xyz.service..*)")
fun inServiceLayer() {}
/**
* A join point is in the data access layer if the method is defined
* in a type in the com.xyz.dao package or any sub-package
* under that.
*/
@Pointcut("within(com.xyz.dao..*)")
fun inDataAccessLayer() {}
/**
* A business service is the execution of any method defined on a service
* interface. This definition assumes that interfaces are placed in the
* "service" package, and that implementation types are in sub-packages.
*
* If you group service interfaces by functional area (for example,
* in packages com.xyz.abc.service and com.xyz.def.service) then
* the pointcut expression "execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))"
* could be used instead.
*
* Alternatively, you can write the expression using the 'bean'
* PCD, like so "bean(*Service)". (This assumes that you have
* named your Spring service beans in a consistent fashion.)
*/
@Pointcut("execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))")
fun businessService() {}
/**
* A data access operation is the execution of any method defined on a
* DAO interface. This definition assumes that interfaces are placed in the
* "dao" package, and that implementation types are in sub-packages.
*/
@Pointcut("execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))")
fun dataAccessOperation() {}
}
----
======
You can refer to the pointcuts defined in such a class anywhere you need a pointcut
expression by referencing the fully-qualified name of the class combined with the
`@Pointcut` method's name. For example, to make the service layer transactional, you
could write the following which references the
`com.xyz.CommonPointcuts.businessService()` _named pointcut_:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config>
<aop:advisor
pointcut="com.xyz.CommonPointcuts.businessService()"
advice-ref="tx-advice"/>
</aop:config>
<tx:advice id="tx-advice">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
----
The `<aop:config>` and `<aop:advisor>` elements are discussed in xref:core/aop/schema.adoc[Schema-based AOP Support]. The
transaction elements are discussed in xref:data-access/transaction.adoc[Transaction Management].
[[aop-pointcuts-examples]]
== Examples
Spring AOP users are likely to use the `execution` pointcut designator the most often.
The format of an execution expression follows:
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
execution(modifiers-pattern?
ret-type-pattern
declaring-type-pattern?name-pattern(param-pattern)
throws-pattern?)
----
All parts except the returning type pattern (`ret-type-pattern` in the preceding snippet),
the name pattern, and the parameters pattern are optional. The returning type pattern determines
what the return type of the method must be in order for a join point to be matched.
`{asterisk}` is most frequently used as the returning type pattern. It matches any return
type. A fully-qualified type name matches only when the method returns the given
type. The name pattern matches the method name. You can use the `{asterisk}` wildcard as all or
part of a name pattern. If you specify a declaring type pattern,
include a trailing `.` to join it to the name pattern component.
The parameters pattern is slightly more complex: `()` matches a
method that takes no parameters, whereas `(..)` matches any number (zero or more) of parameters.
The `({asterisk})` pattern matches a method that takes one parameter of any type.
`(*,String)` matches a method that takes two parameters. The first can be of any type, while the
second must be a `String`. Consult the
{aspectj-docs-progguide}/semantics-pointcuts.html[Language
Semantics] section of the AspectJ Programming Guide for more information.
The following examples show some common pointcut expressions:
* The execution of any public method:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
execution(public * *(..))
----
* The execution of any method with a name that begins with `set`:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
execution(* set*(..))
----
* The execution of any method defined by the `AccountService` interface:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
execution(* com.xyz.service.AccountService.*(..))
----
* The execution of any method defined in the `service` package:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..))
----
* The execution of any method defined in the service package or one of its sub-packages:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
execution(* com.xyz.service..*.*(..))
----
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) within the service package:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
within(com.xyz.service.*)
----
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) within the service package or one of its
sub-packages:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
within(com.xyz.service..*)
----
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) where the proxy implements the
`AccountService` interface:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
this(com.xyz.service.AccountService)
----
+
NOTE: `this` is more commonly used in a binding form. See the section on xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc[Declaring Advice]
for how to make the proxy object available in the advice body.
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) where the target object
implements the `AccountService` interface:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
target(com.xyz.service.AccountService)
----
+
NOTE: `target` is more commonly used in a binding form. See the xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc[Declaring Advice] section
for how to make the target object available in the advice body.
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) that takes a single parameter
and where the argument passed at runtime is `Serializable`:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
args(java.io.Serializable)
----
+
NOTE: `args` is more commonly used in a binding form. See the xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc[Declaring Advice] section
for how to make the method arguments available in the advice body.
+
Note that the pointcut given in this example is different from `execution(*
*(java.io.Serializable))`. The args version matches if the argument passed at runtime is
`Serializable`, and the execution version matches if the method signature declares a single
parameter of type `Serializable`.
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) where the target object has a
`@Transactional` annotation:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
@target(org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional)
----
+
NOTE: You can also use `@target` in a binding form. See the xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc[Declaring Advice] section for
how to make the annotation object available in the advice body.
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) where the declared type of the
target object has an `@Transactional` annotation:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
@within(org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional)
----
+
NOTE: You can also use `@within` in a binding form. See the xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc[Declaring Advice] section for
how to make the annotation object available in the advice body.
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) where the executing method has an
`@Transactional` annotation:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
@annotation(org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional)
----
+
NOTE: You can also use `@annotation` in a binding form. See the xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc[Declaring Advice] section
for how to make the annotation object available in the advice body.
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) which takes a single parameter,
and where the runtime type of the argument passed has the `@Classified` annotation:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
@args(com.xyz.security.Classified)
----
+
NOTE: You can also use `@args` in a binding form. See the xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc[Declaring Advice] section
how to make the annotation object(s) available in the advice body.
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) on a Spring bean named
`tradeService`:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
bean(tradeService)
----
* Any join point (method execution only in Spring AOP) on Spring beans having names that
match the wildcard expression `*Service`:
+
[literal,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
bean(*Service)
----
[[writing-good-pointcuts]]
== Writing Good Pointcuts
During compilation, AspectJ processes pointcuts in order to optimize matching
performance. Examining code and determining if each join point matches (statically or
dynamically) a given pointcut is a costly process. (A dynamic match means the match
cannot be fully determined from static analysis and that a test is placed in the code to
determine if there is an actual match when the code is running). On first encountering a
pointcut declaration, AspectJ rewrites it into an optimal form for the matching
process. What does this mean? Basically, pointcuts are rewritten in DNF (Disjunctive
Normal Form) and the components of the pointcut are sorted such that those components
that are cheaper to evaluate are checked first. This means you do not have to worry
about understanding the performance of various pointcut designators and may supply them
in any order in a pointcut declaration.
However, AspectJ can work only with what it is told. For optimal performance of
matching, you should think about what you are trying to achieve and narrow the search
space for matches as much as possible in the definition. The existing designators
naturally fall into one of three groups: kinded, scoping, and contextual:
* Kinded designators select a particular kind of join point:
`execution`, `get`, `set`, `call`, and `handler`.
* Scoping designators select a group of join points of interest
(probably of many kinds): `within` and `withincode`
* Contextual designators match (and optionally bind) based on context:
`this`, `target`, and `@annotation`
A well written pointcut should include at least the first two types (kinded and
scoping). You can include the contextual designators to match based on
join point context or bind that context for use in the advice. Supplying only a
kinded designator or only a contextual designator works but could affect weaving
performance (time and memory used), due to extra processing and analysis. Scoping
designators are very fast to match, and using them means AspectJ can very quickly
dismiss groups of join points that should not be further processed. A good
pointcut should always include one if possible.
@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
[[aop-choosing]]
= Choosing which AOP Declaration Style to Use
Once you have decided that an aspect is the best approach for implementing a given
requirement, how do you decide between using Spring AOP or AspectJ and between the
Aspect language (code) style, the @AspectJ annotation style, or the Spring XML style? These
decisions are influenced by a number of factors including application requirements,
development tools, and team familiarity with AOP.
[[aop-spring-or-aspectj]]
== Spring AOP or Full AspectJ?
Use the simplest thing that can work. Spring AOP is simpler than using full AspectJ, as
there is no requirement to introduce the AspectJ compiler / weaver into your development
and build processes. If you only need to advise the execution of operations on Spring
beans, Spring AOP is the right choice. If you need to advise objects not managed by
the Spring container (such as domain objects, typically), you need to use
AspectJ. You also need to use AspectJ if you wish to advise join points other than
simple method executions (for example, field get or set join points and so on).
When you use AspectJ, you have the choice of the AspectJ language syntax (also known as
the "code style") or the @AspectJ annotation style. If aspects play a large
role in your design, and you are able to use the https://www.eclipse.org/ajdt/[AspectJ
Development Tools (AJDT)] plugin for Eclipse, the AspectJ language syntax is the
preferred option. It is cleaner and simpler because the language was purposefully
designed for writing aspects. If you do not use Eclipse or have only a few aspects
that do not play a major role in your application, you may want to consider using
the @AspectJ style, sticking with regular Java compilation in your IDE, and adding
an aspect weaving phase to your build script.
[[aop-ataspectj-or-xml]]
== @AspectJ or XML for Spring AOP?
If you have chosen to use Spring AOP, you have a choice of @AspectJ or XML style.
There are various tradeoffs to consider.
The XML style may be most familiar to existing Spring users, and it is backed by genuine
POJOs. When using AOP as a tool to configure enterprise services, XML can be a good
choice (a good test is whether you consider the pointcut expression to be a part of your
configuration that you might want to change independently). With the XML style, it is
arguably clearer from your configuration which aspects are present in the system.
The XML style has two disadvantages. First, it does not fully encapsulate the
implementation of the requirement it addresses in a single place. The DRY principle says
that there should be a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation of any piece of
knowledge within a system. When using the XML style, the knowledge of how a requirement
is implemented is split across the declaration of the backing bean class and the XML in
the configuration file. When you use the @AspectJ style, this information is encapsulated
in a single module: the aspect. Secondly, the XML style is slightly more limited in what
it can express than the @AspectJ style: Only the "singleton" aspect instantiation model
is supported, and it is not possible to combine named pointcuts declared in XML.
For example, in the @AspectJ style you can write something like the following:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Pointcut("execution(* get*())")
public void propertyAccess() {}
@Pointcut("execution(com.xyz.Account+ *(..))")
public void operationReturningAnAccount() {}
@Pointcut("propertyAccess() && operationReturningAnAccount()")
public void accountPropertyAccess() {}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Pointcut("execution(* get*())")
fun propertyAccess() {}
@Pointcut("execution(com.xyz.Account+ *(..))")
fun operationReturningAnAccount() {}
@Pointcut("propertyAccess() && operationReturningAnAccount()")
fun accountPropertyAccess() {}
----
======
In the XML style you can declare the first two pointcuts:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:pointcut id="propertyAccess"
expression="execution(* get*())"/>
<aop:pointcut id="operationReturningAnAccount"
expression="execution(com.xyz.Account+ *(..))"/>
----
The downside of the XML approach is that you cannot define the
`accountPropertyAccess` pointcut by combining these definitions.
The @AspectJ style supports additional instantiation models and richer pointcut
composition. It has the advantage of keeping the aspect as a modular unit. It also has
the advantage that the @AspectJ aspects can be understood (and thus consumed) both by
Spring AOP and by AspectJ. So, if you later decide you need the capabilities of AspectJ
to implement additional requirements, you can easily migrate to a classic AspectJ setup.
In general, the Spring team prefers the @AspectJ style for custom aspects beyond simple
configuration of enterprise services.
@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
[[aop-introduction-defn]]
= AOP Concepts
Let us begin by defining some central AOP concepts and terminology. These terms are not
Spring-specific. Unfortunately, AOP terminology is not particularly intuitive.
However, it would be even more confusing if Spring used its own terminology.
* Aspect: A modularization of a concern that cuts across multiple classes.
Transaction management is a good example of a crosscutting concern in enterprise Java
applications. In Spring AOP, aspects are implemented by using regular classes
(the xref:core/aop/schema.adoc[schema-based approach]) or regular classes annotated with the
`@Aspect` annotation (the xref:core/aop/ataspectj.adoc[@AspectJ style]).
* Join point: A point during the execution of a program, such as the execution of a
method or the handling of an exception. In Spring AOP, a join point always
represents a method execution.
* Advice: Action taken by an aspect at a particular join point. Different types of
advice include "around", "before", and "after" advice. (Advice types are discussed
later.) Many AOP frameworks, including Spring, model an advice as an interceptor and
maintain a chain of interceptors around the join point.
* Pointcut: A predicate that matches join points. Advice is associated with a
pointcut expression and runs at any join point matched by the pointcut (for example,
the execution of a method with a certain name). The concept of join points as matched
by pointcut expressions is central to AOP, and Spring uses the AspectJ pointcut
expression language by default.
* Introduction: Declaring additional methods or fields on behalf of a type. Spring
AOP lets you introduce new interfaces (and a corresponding implementation) to any
advised object. For example, you could use an introduction to make a bean implement an
`IsModified` interface, to simplify caching. (An introduction is known as an
inter-type declaration in the AspectJ community.)
* Target object: An object being advised by one or more aspects. Also referred to as
the "advised object". Since Spring AOP is implemented by using runtime proxies, this
object is always a proxied object.
* AOP proxy: An object created by the AOP framework in order to implement the aspect
contracts (advice method executions and so on). In the Spring Framework, an AOP proxy
is a JDK dynamic proxy or a CGLIB proxy.
* Weaving: linking aspects with other application types or objects to create an
advised object. This can be done at compile time (using the AspectJ compiler, for
example), load time, or at runtime. Spring AOP, like other pure Java AOP frameworks,
performs weaving at runtime.
Spring AOP includes the following types of advice:
* Before advice: Advice that runs before a join point but that does not have
the ability to prevent execution flow proceeding to the join point (unless it throws
an exception).
* After returning advice: Advice to be run after a join point completes
normally (for example, if a method returns without throwing an exception).
* After throwing advice: Advice to be run if a method exits by throwing an
exception.
* After (finally) advice: Advice to be run regardless of the means by which a
join point exits (normal or exceptional return).
* Around advice: Advice that surrounds a join point such as a method invocation.
This is the most powerful kind of advice. Around advice can perform custom behavior
before and after the method invocation. It is also responsible for choosing whether to
proceed to the join point or to shortcut the advised method execution by returning its
own return value or throwing an exception.
Around advice is the most general kind of advice. Since Spring AOP, like AspectJ,
provides a full range of advice types, we recommend that you use the least powerful
advice type that can implement the required behavior. For example, if you need only to
update a cache with the return value of a method, you are better off implementing an
after returning advice than an around advice, although an around advice can accomplish
the same thing. Using the most specific advice type provides a simpler programming model
with less potential for errors. For example, you do not need to invoke the `proceed()`
method on the `JoinPoint` used for around advice, and, hence, you cannot fail to invoke it.
All advice parameters are statically typed so that you work with advice parameters of
the appropriate type (e.g. the type of the return value from a method execution) rather
than `Object` arrays.
The concept of join points matched by pointcuts is the key to AOP, which distinguishes
it from older technologies offering only interception. Pointcuts enable advice to be
targeted independently of the object-oriented hierarchy. For example, you can apply an
around advice providing declarative transaction management to a set of methods that span
multiple objects (such as all business operations in the service layer).
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
[[aop-introduction-proxies]]
= AOP Proxies
:page-section-summary-toc: 1
Spring AOP defaults to using standard JDK dynamic proxies for AOP proxies. This
enables any interface (or set of interfaces) to be proxied.
Spring AOP can also use CGLIB proxies. This is necessary to proxy classes rather than
interfaces. By default, CGLIB is used if a business object does not implement an
interface. As it is good practice to program to interfaces rather than classes, business
classes normally implement one or more business interfaces. It is possible to
xref:core/aop/proxying.adoc[force the use of CGLIB], in those (hopefully rare) cases where you
need to advise a method that is not declared on an interface or where you need to
pass a proxied object to a method as a concrete type.
It is important to grasp the fact that Spring AOP is proxy-based. See
xref:core/aop/proxying.adoc#aop-understanding-aop-proxies[Understanding AOP Proxies] for a thorough examination of exactly what this
implementation detail actually means.
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
[[aop-introduction-spring-defn]]
= Spring AOP Capabilities and Goals
Spring AOP is implemented in pure Java. There is no need for a special compilation
process. Spring AOP does not need to control the class loader hierarchy and is thus
suitable for use in a servlet container or application server.
Spring AOP currently supports only method execution join points (advising the execution
of methods on Spring beans). Field interception is not implemented, although support for
field interception could be added without breaking the core Spring AOP APIs. If you need
to advise field access and update join points, consider a language such as AspectJ.
Spring AOP's approach to AOP differs from that of most other AOP frameworks. The aim is
not to provide the most complete AOP implementation (although Spring AOP is quite
capable). Rather, the aim is to provide a close integration between AOP implementation and
Spring IoC, to help solve common problems in enterprise applications.
Thus, for example, the Spring Framework's AOP functionality is normally used in
conjunction with the Spring IoC container. Aspects are configured by using normal bean
definition syntax (although this allows powerful "auto-proxying" capabilities). This is a
crucial difference from other AOP implementations. You cannot do some things
easily or efficiently with Spring AOP, such as advise very fine-grained objects (typically,
domain objects). AspectJ is the best choice in such cases. However, our
experience is that Spring AOP provides an excellent solution to most problems in
enterprise Java applications that are amenable to AOP.
Spring AOP never strives to compete with AspectJ to provide a comprehensive AOP
solution. We believe that both proxy-based frameworks such as Spring AOP and full-blown
frameworks such as AspectJ are valuable and that they are complementary, rather than in
competition. Spring seamlessly integrates Spring AOP and IoC with AspectJ, to enable
all uses of AOP within a consistent Spring-based application
architecture. This integration does not affect the Spring AOP API or the AOP Alliance
API. Spring AOP remains backward-compatible. See xref:core/aop-api.adoc[the following chapter]
for a discussion of the Spring AOP APIs.
[NOTE]
====
One of the central tenets of the Spring Framework is that of non-invasiveness. This
is the idea that you should not be forced to introduce framework-specific classes and
interfaces into your business or domain model. However, in some places, the Spring Framework
does give you the option to introduce Spring Framework-specific dependencies into your
codebase. The rationale in giving you such options is because, in certain scenarios, it
might be just plain easier to read or code some specific piece of functionality in such
a way. However, the Spring Framework (almost) always offers you the choice: You have the
freedom to make an informed decision as to which option best suits your particular use
case or scenario.
One such choice that is relevant to this chapter is that of which AOP framework (and
which AOP style) to choose. You have the choice of AspectJ, Spring AOP, or both. You
also have the choice of either the @AspectJ annotation-style approach or the Spring XML
configuration-style approach. The fact that this chapter chooses to introduce the
@AspectJ-style approach first should not be taken as an indication that the Spring team
favors the @AspectJ annotation-style approach over the Spring XML configuration-style.
See xref:core/aop/choosing.adoc[Choosing which AOP Declaration Style to Use] for a more complete discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of
each style.
====
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
[[aop-mixing-styles]]
= Mixing Aspect Types
:page-section-summary-toc: 1
It is perfectly possible to mix @AspectJ style aspects by using the auto-proxying support,
schema-defined `<aop:aspect>` aspects, `<aop:advisor>` declared advisors, and even proxies
and interceptors in other styles in the same configuration. All of these are implemented
by using the same underlying support mechanism and can co-exist without any difficulty.
@@ -1,285 +0,0 @@
[[aop-proxying]]
= Proxying Mechanisms
Spring AOP uses either JDK dynamic proxies or CGLIB to create the proxy for a given
target object. JDK dynamic proxies are built into the JDK, whereas CGLIB is a common
open-source class definition library (repackaged into `spring-core`).
If the target object to be proxied implements at least one interface, a JDK dynamic
proxy is used. All of the interfaces implemented by the target type are proxied.
If the target object does not implement any interfaces, a CGLIB proxy is created.
If you want to force the use of CGLIB proxying (for example, to proxy every method
defined for the target object, not only those implemented by its interfaces),
you can do so. However, you should consider the following issues:
* With CGLIB, `final` methods cannot be advised, as they cannot be overridden in
runtime-generated subclasses.
* As of Spring 4.0, the constructor of your proxied object is NOT called twice anymore,
since the CGLIB proxy instance is created through Objenesis. Only if your JVM does
not allow for constructor bypassing, you might see double invocations and
corresponding debug log entries from Spring's AOP support.
* Your CGLIB proxy usage may face limitations with the JDK 9+ platform module system.
As a typical case, you cannot create a CGLIB proxy for a class from the `java.lang`
package when deploying on the module path. Such cases require a JVM bootstrap flag
`--add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED` which is not available for modules.
To force the use of CGLIB proxies, set the value of the `proxy-target-class` attribute
of the `<aop:config>` element to true, as follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
<!-- other beans defined here... -->
</aop:config>
----
To force CGLIB proxying when you use the @AspectJ auto-proxy support, set the
`proxy-target-class` attribute of the `<aop:aspectj-autoproxy>` element to `true`,
as follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>
----
[NOTE]
====
Multiple `<aop:config/>` sections are collapsed into a single unified auto-proxy creator
at runtime, which applies the _strongest_ proxy settings that any of the
`<aop:config/>` sections (typically from different XML bean definition files) specified.
This also applies to the `<tx:annotation-driven/>` and `<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>`
elements.
To be clear, using `proxy-target-class="true"` on `<tx:annotation-driven/>`,
`<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>`, or `<aop:config/>` elements forces the use of CGLIB
proxies _for all three of them_.
====
[[aop-understanding-aop-proxies]]
== Understanding AOP Proxies
Spring AOP is proxy-based. It is vitally important that you grasp the semantics of
what that last statement actually means before you write your own aspects or use any of
the Spring AOP-based aspects supplied with the Spring Framework.
Consider first the scenario where you have a plain-vanilla, un-proxied,
nothing-special-about-it, straight object reference, as the following
code snippet shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public class SimplePojo implements Pojo {
public void foo() {
// this next method invocation is a direct call on the 'this' reference
this.bar();
}
public void bar() {
// some logic...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
class SimplePojo : Pojo {
fun foo() {
// this next method invocation is a direct call on the 'this' reference
this.bar()
}
fun bar() {
// some logic...
}
}
----
======
If you invoke a method on an object reference, the method is invoked directly on
that object reference, as the following image and listing show:
image::aop-proxy-plain-pojo-call.png[]
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Pojo pojo = new SimplePojo();
// this is a direct method call on the 'pojo' reference
pojo.foo();
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
fun main() {
val pojo = SimplePojo()
// this is a direct method call on the 'pojo' reference
pojo.foo()
}
----
======
Things change slightly when the reference that client code has is a proxy. Consider the
following diagram and code snippet:
image::aop-proxy-call.png[]
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ProxyFactory factory = new ProxyFactory(new SimplePojo());
factory.addInterface(Pojo.class);
factory.addAdvice(new RetryAdvice());
Pojo pojo = (Pojo) factory.getProxy();
// this is a method call on the proxy!
pojo.foo();
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
fun main() {
val factory = ProxyFactory(SimplePojo())
factory.addInterface(Pojo::class.java)
factory.addAdvice(RetryAdvice())
val pojo = factory.proxy as Pojo
// this is a method call on the proxy!
pojo.foo()
}
----
======
The key thing to understand here is that the client code inside the `main(..)` method
of the `Main` class has a reference to the proxy. This means that method calls on that
object reference are calls on the proxy. As a result, the proxy can delegate to all of
the interceptors (advice) that are relevant to that particular method call. However,
once the call has finally reached the target object (the `SimplePojo` reference in
this case), any method calls that it may make on itself, such as `this.bar()` or
`this.foo()`, are going to be invoked against the `this` reference, and not the proxy.
This has important implications. It means that self-invocation is not going to result
in the advice associated with a method invocation getting a chance to run.
Okay, so what is to be done about this? The best approach (the term "best" is used
loosely here) is to refactor your code such that the self-invocation does not happen.
This does entail some work on your part, but it is the best, least-invasive approach.
The next approach is absolutely horrendous, and we hesitate to point it out, precisely
because it is so horrendous. You can (painful as it is to us) totally tie the logic
within your class to Spring AOP, as the following example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public class SimplePojo implements Pojo {
public void foo() {
// this works, but... gah!
((Pojo) AopContext.currentProxy()).bar();
}
public void bar() {
// some logic...
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
class SimplePojo : Pojo {
fun foo() {
// this works, but... gah!
(AopContext.currentProxy() as Pojo).bar()
}
fun bar() {
// some logic...
}
}
----
======
This totally couples your code to Spring AOP, and it makes the class itself aware of
the fact that it is being used in an AOP context, which flies in the face of AOP. It
also requires some additional configuration when the proxy is being created, as the
following example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ProxyFactory factory = new ProxyFactory(new SimplePojo());
factory.addInterface(Pojo.class);
factory.addAdvice(new RetryAdvice());
factory.setExposeProxy(true);
Pojo pojo = (Pojo) factory.getProxy();
// this is a method call on the proxy!
pojo.foo();
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
fun main() {
val factory = ProxyFactory(SimplePojo())
factory.addInterface(Pojo::class.java)
factory.addAdvice(RetryAdvice())
factory.isExposeProxy = true
val pojo = factory.proxy as Pojo
// this is a method call on the proxy!
pojo.foo()
}
----
======
Finally, it must be noted that AspectJ does not have this self-invocation issue because
it is not a proxy-based AOP framework.
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
[[aop-resources]]
= Further Resources
:page-section-summary-toc: 1
More information on AspectJ can be found on the {aspectj-site}[AspectJ website].
_Eclipse AspectJ_ by Adrian Colyer et. al. (Addison-Wesley, 2005) provides a
comprehensive introduction and reference for the AspectJ language.
_AspectJ in Action_, Second Edition by Ramnivas Laddad (Manning, 2009) comes highly
recommended. The focus of the book is on AspectJ, but a lot of general AOP themes are
explored (in some depth).
@@ -1,987 +0,0 @@
[[aop-schema]]
= Schema-based AOP Support
If you prefer an XML-based format, Spring also offers support for defining aspects
using the `aop` namespace tags. The exact same pointcut expressions and advice kinds
as when using the @AspectJ style are supported. Hence, in this section we focus on
that syntax and refer the reader to the discussion in the previous section
(xref:core/aop/ataspectj.adoc[@AspectJ support]) for an understanding of writing pointcut expressions and the binding
of advice parameters.
To use the aop namespace tags described in this section, you need to import the
`spring-aop` schema, as described in xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc[XML Schema-based configuration]
. See xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc#aop[the AOP schema]
for how to import the tags in the `aop` namespace.
Within your Spring configurations, all aspect and advisor elements must be placed within
an `<aop:config>` element (you can have more than one `<aop:config>` element in an
application context configuration). An `<aop:config>` element can contain pointcut,
advisor, and aspect elements (note that these must be declared in that order).
WARNING: The `<aop:config>` style of configuration makes heavy use of Spring's
xref:core/aop-api/autoproxy.adoc[auto-proxying] mechanism. This can cause issues (such as advice
not being woven) if you already use explicit auto-proxying through the use of
`BeanNameAutoProxyCreator` or something similar. The recommended usage pattern is to
use either only the `<aop:config>` style or only the `AutoProxyCreator` style and
never mix them.
[[aop-schema-declaring-an-aspect]]
== Declaring an Aspect
When you use the schema support, an aspect is a regular Java object defined as a bean in
your Spring application context. The state and behavior are captured in the fields and
methods of the object, and the pointcut and advice information are captured in the XML.
You can declare an aspect by using the `<aop:aspect>` element, and reference the backing bean
by using the `ref` attribute, as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="aBean">
...
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<bean id="aBean" class="...">
...
</bean>
----
The bean that backs the aspect (`aBean` in this case) can of course be configured and
dependency injected just like any other Spring bean.
[[aop-schema-pointcuts]]
== Declaring a Pointcut
You can declare a _named pointcut_ inside an `<aop:config>` element, letting the pointcut
definition be shared across several aspects and advisors.
A pointcut that represents the execution of any business service in the service layer can
be defined as follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="businessService"
expression="execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..))" />
</aop:config>
----
Note that the pointcut expression itself uses the same AspectJ pointcut expression
language as described in xref:core/aop/ataspectj.adoc[@AspectJ support]. If you use the schema based declaration
style, you can also refer to _named pointcuts_ defined in `@Aspect` types within the
pointcut expression. Thus, another way of defining the above pointcut would be as follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="businessService"
expression="com.xyz.CommonPointcuts.businessService()" /> <1>
</aop:config>
----
<1> References the `businessService` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-common-pointcuts[Sharing Named Pointcut Definitions].
Declaring a pointcut _inside_ an aspect is very similar to declaring a top-level pointcut,
as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="aBean">
<aop:pointcut id="businessService"
expression="execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..))"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
----
In much the same way as an @AspectJ aspect, pointcuts declared by using the schema based
definition style can collect join point context. For example, the following pointcut
collects the `this` object as the join point context and passes it to the advice:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="aBean">
<aop:pointcut id="businessService"
expression="execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..)) &amp;&amp; this(service)"/>
<aop:before pointcut-ref="businessService" method="monitor"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
----
The advice must be declared to receive the collected join point context by including
parameters of the matching names, as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public void monitor(Object service) {
// ...
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
fun monitor(service: Any) {
// ...
}
----
======
When combining pointcut sub-expressions, `+&amp;&amp;+` is awkward within an XML
document, so you can use the `and`, `or`, and `not` keywords in place of `+&amp;&amp;+`,
`||`, and `!`, respectively. For example, the previous pointcut can be better written as
follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="aBean">
<aop:pointcut id="businessService"
expression="execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..)) and this(service)"/>
<aop:before pointcut-ref="businessService" method="monitor"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
----
Note that pointcuts defined in this way are referred to by their XML `id` and cannot be
used as named pointcuts to form composite pointcuts. The named pointcut support in the
schema-based definition style is thus more limited than that offered by the @AspectJ
style.
[[aop-schema-advice]]
== Declaring Advice
The schema-based AOP support uses the same five kinds of advice as the @AspectJ style, and they have
exactly the same semantics.
[[aop-schema-advice-before]]
=== Before Advice
Before advice runs before a matched method execution. It is declared inside an
`<aop:aspect>` by using the `<aop:before>` element, as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspect id="beforeExample" ref="aBean">
<aop:before
pointcut-ref="dataAccessOperation"
method="doAccessCheck"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
----
In the example above, `dataAccessOperation` is the `id` of a _named pointcut_ defined at
the top (`<aop:config>`) level (see xref:core/aop/schema.adoc#aop-schema-pointcuts[Declaring a Pointcut]).
NOTE: As we noted in the discussion of the @AspectJ style, using _named pointcuts_ can
significantly improve the readability of your code. See xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-common-pointcuts[Sharing Named Pointcut Definitions] for
details.
To define the pointcut inline instead, replace the `pointcut-ref` attribute with a
`pointcut` attribute, as follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspect id="beforeExample" ref="aBean">
<aop:before
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))"
method="doAccessCheck"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
----
The `method` attribute identifies a method (`doAccessCheck`) that provides the body of
the advice. This method must be defined for the bean referenced by the aspect element
that contains the advice. Before a data access operation is performed (a method execution
join point matched by the pointcut expression), the `doAccessCheck` method on the aspect
bean is invoked.
[[aop-schema-advice-after-returning]]
=== After Returning Advice
After returning advice runs when a matched method execution completes normally. It is
declared inside an `<aop:aspect>` in the same way as before advice. The following example
shows how to declare it:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspect id="afterReturningExample" ref="aBean">
<aop:after-returning
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))"
method="doAccessCheck"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
----
As in the @AspectJ style, you can get the return value within the advice body.
To do so, use the `returning` attribute to specify the name of the parameter to which
the return value should be passed, as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspect id="afterReturningExample" ref="aBean">
<aop:after-returning
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))"
returning="retVal"
method="doAccessCheck"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
----
The `doAccessCheck` method must declare a parameter named `retVal`. The type of this
parameter constrains matching in the same way as described for `@AfterReturning`. For
example, you can declare the method signature as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public void doAccessCheck(Object retVal) {...
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
fun doAccessCheck(retVal: Any) {...
----
======
[[aop-schema-advice-after-throwing]]
=== After Throwing Advice
After throwing advice runs when a matched method execution exits by throwing an
exception. It is declared inside an `<aop:aspect>` by using the `after-throwing` element,
as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspect id="afterThrowingExample" ref="aBean">
<aop:after-throwing
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))"
method="doRecoveryActions"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
----
As in the @AspectJ style, you can get the thrown exception within the advice body.
To do so, use the `throwing` attribute to specify the name of the parameter to
which the exception should be passed as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspect id="afterThrowingExample" ref="aBean">
<aop:after-throwing
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))"
throwing="dataAccessEx"
method="doRecoveryActions"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
----
The `doRecoveryActions` method must declare a parameter named `dataAccessEx`.
The type of this parameter constrains matching in the same way as described for
`@AfterThrowing`. For example, the method signature may be declared as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public void doRecoveryActions(DataAccessException dataAccessEx) {...
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
fun doRecoveryActions(dataAccessEx: DataAccessException) {...
----
======
[[aop-schema-advice-after-finally]]
=== After (Finally) Advice
After (finally) advice runs no matter how a matched method execution exits.
You can declare it by using the `after` element, as the following example shows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspect id="afterFinallyExample" ref="aBean">
<aop:after
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz.dao.*.*(..))"
method="doReleaseLock"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
----
[[aop-schema-advice-around]]
=== Around Advice
The last kind of advice is _around_ advice. Around advice runs "around" a matched
method's execution. It has the opportunity to do work both before and after the method
runs and to determine when, how, and even if the method actually gets to run at all.
Around advice is often used if you need to share state before and after a method
execution in a thread-safe manner for example, starting and stopping a timer.
[TIP]
====
Always use the least powerful form of advice that meets your requirements.
For example, do not use _around_ advice if _before_ advice is sufficient for your needs.
====
You can declare around advice by using the `aop:around` element. The advice method should
declare `Object` as its return type, and the first parameter of the method must be of
type `ProceedingJoinPoint`. Within the body of the advice method, you must invoke
`proceed()` on the `ProceedingJoinPoint` in order for the underlying method to run.
Invoking `proceed()` without arguments will result in the caller's original arguments
being supplied to the underlying method when it is invoked. For advanced use cases, there
is an overloaded variant of the `proceed()` method which accepts an array of arguments
(`Object[]`). The values in the array will be used as the arguments to the underlying
method when it is invoked. See xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc#aop-ataspectj-around-advice[Around Advice] for notes on calling
`proceed` with an `Object[]`.
The following example shows how to declare around advice in XML:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspect id="aroundExample" ref="aBean">
<aop:around
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..))"
method="doBasicProfiling"/>
...
</aop:aspect>
----
The implementation of the `doBasicProfiling` advice can be exactly the same as in the
@AspectJ example (minus the annotation, of course), as the following example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public Object doBasicProfiling(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
// start stopwatch
Object retVal = pjp.proceed();
// stop stopwatch
return retVal;
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
fun doBasicProfiling(pjp: ProceedingJoinPoint): Any? {
// start stopwatch
val retVal = pjp.proceed()
// stop stopwatch
return pjp.proceed()
}
----
======
[[aop-schema-params]]
=== Advice Parameters
The schema-based declaration style supports fully typed advice in the same way as
described for the @AspectJ support -- by matching pointcut parameters by name against
advice method parameters. See xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc#aop-ataspectj-advice-params[Advice Parameters] for details. If you wish
to explicitly specify argument names for the advice methods (not relying on the
detection strategies previously described), you can do so by using the `arg-names`
attribute of the advice element, which is treated in the same manner as the `argNames`
attribute in an advice annotation (as described in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc#aop-ataspectj-advice-params-names[Determining Argument Names]).
The following example shows how to specify an argument name in XML:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:before
pointcut="com.xyz.Pointcuts.publicMethod() and @annotation(auditable)" <1>
method="audit"
arg-names="auditable" />
----
<1> References the `publicMethod` named pointcut defined in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-pointcuts-combining[Combining Pointcut Expressions].
The `arg-names` attribute accepts a comma-delimited list of parameter names.
The following slightly more involved example of the XSD-based approach shows
some around advice used in conjunction with a number of strongly typed parameters:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary",chomp="-packages"]
----
package com.xyz.service;
public interface PersonService {
Person getPerson(String personName, int age);
}
public class DefaultPersonService implements PersonService {
public Person getPerson(String name, int age) {
return new Person(name, age);
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary",chomp="-packages"]
----
package com.xyz.service
interface PersonService {
fun getPerson(personName: String, age: Int): Person
}
class DefaultPersonService : PersonService {
fun getPerson(name: String, age: Int): Person {
return Person(name, age)
}
}
----
======
Next up is the aspect. Notice the fact that the `profile(..)` method accepts a number of
strongly-typed parameters, the first of which happens to be the join point used to
proceed with the method call. The presence of this parameter is an indication that the
`profile(..)` is to be used as `around` advice, as the following example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary",chomp="-packages"]
----
package com.xyz;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.springframework.util.StopWatch;
public class SimpleProfiler {
public Object profile(ProceedingJoinPoint call, String name, int age) throws Throwable {
StopWatch clock = new StopWatch("Profiling for '" + name + "' and '" + age + "'");
try {
clock.start(call.toShortString());
return call.proceed();
} finally {
clock.stop();
System.out.println(clock.prettyPrint());
}
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary",chomp="-packages"]
----
package com.xyz
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint
import org.springframework.util.StopWatch
class SimpleProfiler {
fun profile(call: ProceedingJoinPoint, name: String, age: Int): Any? {
val clock = StopWatch("Profiling for '$name' and '$age'")
try {
clock.start(call.toShortString())
return call.proceed()
} finally {
clock.stop()
println(clock.prettyPrint())
}
}
}
----
======
Finally, the following example XML configuration effects the execution of the
preceding advice for a particular join point:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- this is the object that will be proxied by Spring's AOP infrastructure -->
<bean id="personService" class="com.xyz.service.DefaultPersonService"/>
<!-- this is the actual advice itself -->
<bean id="profiler" class="com.xyz.SimpleProfiler"/>
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect ref="profiler">
<aop:pointcut id="theExecutionOfSomePersonServiceMethod"
expression="execution(* com.xyz.service.PersonService.getPerson(String,int))
and args(name, age)"/>
<aop:around pointcut-ref="theExecutionOfSomePersonServiceMethod"
method="profile"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>
----
Consider the following driver script:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public class Boot {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
PersonService person = ctx.getBean(PersonService.class);
person.getPerson("Pengo", 12);
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
fun main() {
val ctx = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml")
val person = ctx.getBean(PersonService.class)
person.getPerson("Pengo", 12)
}
----
======
With such a `Boot` class, we would get output similar to the following on standard output:
[literal,subs="verbatim"]
----
StopWatch 'Profiling for 'Pengo' and '12': running time (millis) = 0
-----------------------------------------
ms % Task name
-----------------------------------------
00000 ? execution(getFoo)
----
[[aop-ordering]]
=== Advice Ordering
When multiple pieces of advice need to run at the same join point (executing method)
the ordering rules are as described in xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc#aop-ataspectj-advice-ordering[Advice Ordering]. The precedence
between aspects is determined via the `order` attribute in the `<aop:aspect>` element or
by either adding the `@Order` annotation to the bean that backs the aspect or by having
the bean implement the `Ordered` interface.
[NOTE]
====
In contrast to the precedence rules for advice methods defined in the same `@Aspect`
class, when two pieces of advice defined in the same `<aop:aspect>` element both need to
run at the same join point, the precedence is determined by the order in which the advice
elements are declared within the enclosing `<aop:aspect>` element, from highest to lowest
precedence.
For example, given an `around` advice and a `before` advice defined in the same
`<aop:aspect>` element that apply to the same join point, to ensure that the `around`
advice has higher precedence than the `before` advice, the `<aop:around>` element must be
declared before the `<aop:before>` element.
As a general rule of thumb, if you find that you have multiple pieces of advice defined
in the same `<aop:aspect>` element that apply to the same join point, consider collapsing
such advice methods into one advice method per join point in each `<aop:aspect>` element
or refactor the pieces of advice into separate `<aop:aspect>` elements that you can order
at the aspect level.
====
[[aop-schema-introductions]]
== Introductions
Introductions (known as inter-type declarations in AspectJ) let an aspect declare
that advised objects implement a given interface and provide an implementation of
that interface on behalf of those objects.
You can make an introduction by using the `aop:declare-parents` element inside an `aop:aspect`.
You can use the `aop:declare-parents` element to declare that matching types have a new parent (hence the name).
For example, given an interface named `UsageTracked` and an implementation of that interface named
`DefaultUsageTracked`, the following aspect declares that all implementors of service
interfaces also implement the `UsageTracked` interface. (In order to expose statistics
through JMX for example.)
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:aspect id="usageTrackerAspect" ref="usageTracking">
<aop:declare-parents
types-matching="com.xyz.service.*+"
implement-interface="com.xyz.service.tracking.UsageTracked"
default-impl="com.xyz.service.tracking.DefaultUsageTracked"/>
<aop:before
pointcut="execution(* com.xyz..service.*.*(..))
and this(usageTracked)"
method="recordUsage"/>
</aop:aspect>
----
The class that backs the `usageTracking` bean would then contain the following method:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public void recordUsage(UsageTracked usageTracked) {
usageTracked.incrementUseCount();
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
fun recordUsage(usageTracked: UsageTracked) {
usageTracked.incrementUseCount()
}
----
======
The interface to be implemented is determined by the `implement-interface` attribute. The
value of the `types-matching` attribute is an AspectJ type pattern. Any bean of a
matching type implements the `UsageTracked` interface. Note that, in the before
advice of the preceding example, service beans can be directly used as implementations of
the `UsageTracked` interface. To access a bean programmatically, you could write the
following:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
UsageTracked usageTracked = context.getBean("myService", UsageTracked.class);
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
val usageTracked = context.getBean("myService", UsageTracked.class)
----
======
[[aop-schema-instantiation-models]]
== Aspect Instantiation Models
The only supported instantiation model for schema-defined aspects is the singleton
model. Other instantiation models may be supported in future releases.
[[aop-schema-advisors]]
== Advisors
The concept of "advisors" comes from the AOP support defined in Spring
and does not have a direct equivalent in AspectJ. An advisor is like a small
self-contained aspect that has a single piece of advice. The advice itself is
represented by a bean and must implement one of the advice interfaces described in
xref:core/aop-api/advice.adoc#aop-api-advice-types[Advice Types in Spring]. Advisors can take advantage of AspectJ pointcut expressions.
Spring supports the advisor concept with the `<aop:advisor>` element. You most
commonly see it used in conjunction with transactional advice, which also has its own
namespace support in Spring. The following example shows an advisor:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="businessService"
expression="execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor
pointcut-ref="businessService"
advice-ref="tx-advice" />
</aop:config>
<tx:advice id="tx-advice">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
----
As well as the `pointcut-ref` attribute used in the preceding example, you can also use the
`pointcut` attribute to define a pointcut expression inline.
To define the precedence of an advisor so that the advice can participate in ordering,
use the `order` attribute to define the `Ordered` value of the advisor.
[[aop-schema-example]]
== An AOP Schema Example
This section shows how the concurrent locking failure retry example from
xref:core/aop/ataspectj/example.adoc[An AOP Example] looks when rewritten with the schema support.
The execution of business services can sometimes fail due to concurrency issues (for
example, a deadlock loser). If the operation is retried, it is likely to succeed
on the next try. For business services where it is appropriate to retry in such
conditions (idempotent operations that do not need to go back to the user for conflict
resolution), we want to transparently retry the operation to avoid the client seeing a
`PessimisticLockingFailureException`. This is a requirement that clearly cuts across
multiple services in the service layer and, hence, is ideal for implementing through an
aspect.
Because we want to retry the operation, we need to use around advice so that we can
call `proceed` multiple times. The following listing shows the basic aspect implementation
(which is a regular Java class that uses the schema support):
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
public class ConcurrentOperationExecutor implements Ordered {
private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES = 2;
private int maxRetries = DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES;
private int order = 1;
public void setMaxRetries(int maxRetries) {
this.maxRetries = maxRetries;
}
public int getOrder() {
return this.order;
}
public void setOrder(int order) {
this.order = order;
}
public Object doConcurrentOperation(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
int numAttempts = 0;
PessimisticLockingFailureException lockFailureException;
do {
numAttempts++;
try {
return pjp.proceed();
}
catch(PessimisticLockingFailureException ex) {
lockFailureException = ex;
}
} while(numAttempts <= this.maxRetries);
throw lockFailureException;
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
class ConcurrentOperationExecutor : Ordered {
private val DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES = 2
private var maxRetries = DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES
private var order = 1
fun setMaxRetries(maxRetries: Int) {
this.maxRetries = maxRetries
}
override fun getOrder(): Int {
return this.order
}
fun setOrder(order: Int) {
this.order = order
}
fun doConcurrentOperation(pjp: ProceedingJoinPoint): Any? {
var numAttempts = 0
var lockFailureException: PessimisticLockingFailureException
do {
numAttempts++
try {
return pjp.proceed()
} catch (ex: PessimisticLockingFailureException) {
lockFailureException = ex
}
} while (numAttempts <= this.maxRetries)
throw lockFailureException
}
}
----
======
Note that the aspect implements the `Ordered` interface so that we can set the precedence of
the aspect higher than the transaction advice (we want a fresh transaction each time we
retry). The `maxRetries` and `order` properties are both configured by Spring. The
main action happens in the `doConcurrentOperation` around advice method. We try to
proceed. If we fail with a `PessimisticLockingFailureException`, we try again,
unless we have exhausted all of our retry attempts.
NOTE: This class is identical to the one used in the @AspectJ example, but with the
annotations removed.
The corresponding Spring configuration is as follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="concurrentOperationRetry" ref="concurrentOperationExecutor">
<aop:pointcut id="idempotentOperation"
expression="execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:around
pointcut-ref="idempotentOperation"
method="doConcurrentOperation"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<bean id="concurrentOperationExecutor"
class="com.xyz.service.impl.ConcurrentOperationExecutor">
<property name="maxRetries" value="3"/>
<property name="order" value="100"/>
</bean>
----
Notice that, for the time being, we assume that all business services are idempotent. If
this is not the case, we can refine the aspect so that it retries only genuinely
idempotent operations, by introducing an `Idempotent` annotation and using the annotation
to annotate the implementation of service operations, as the following example shows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="primary"]
----
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
// marker annotation
public @interface Idempotent {
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim",role="secondary"]
----
@Retention(AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME)
// marker annotation
annotation class Idempotent
----
======
The
change to the aspect to retry only idempotent operations involves refining the
pointcut expression so that only `@Idempotent` operations match, as follows:
[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
----
<aop:pointcut id="idempotentOperation"
expression="execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..)) and
@annotation(com.xyz.service.Idempotent)"/>
----
File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff
@@ -1,591 +0,0 @@
[[aot]]
= Ahead of Time Optimizations
This chapter covers Spring's Ahead of Time (AOT) optimizations.
For AOT support specific to integration tests, see xref:testing/testcontext-framework/aot.adoc[Ahead of Time Support for Tests].
[[aot.introduction]]
== Introduction to Ahead of Time Optimizations
Spring's support for AOT optimizations is meant to inspect an `ApplicationContext` at build time and apply decisions and discovery logic that usually happens at runtime.
Doing so allows building an application startup arrangement that is more straightforward and focused on a fixed set of features based mainly on the classpath and the `Environment`.
Applying such optimizations early implies the following restrictions:
* The classpath is fixed and fully defined at build time.
* The beans defined in your application cannot change at runtime, meaning:
** `@Profile`, in particular profile-specific configuration, needs to be chosen at build time and is automatically enabled at runtime when AOT is enabled.
** `Environment` properties that impact the presence of a bean (`@Conditional`) are only considered at build time.
* Bean definitions with instance suppliers (lambdas or method references) cannot be transformed ahead-of-time.
* Beans registered as singletons (using `registerSingleton`, typically from
`ConfigurableListableBeanFactory`) cannot be transformed ahead-of-time either.
* As we cannot rely on the instance, make sure that the bean type is as precise as
possible.
TIP: See also the xref:core/aot.adoc#aot.bestpractices[] section.
When these restrictions are in place, it becomes possible to perform ahead-of-time processing at build time and generate additional assets.
A Spring AOT processed application typically generates:
* Java source code
* Bytecode (usually for dynamic proxies)
* {spring-framework-api}/aot/hint/RuntimeHints.html[`RuntimeHints`] for the use of reflection, resource loading, serialization, and JDK proxies
NOTE: At the moment, AOT is focused on allowing Spring applications to be deployed as native images using GraalVM.
We intend to support more JVM-based use cases in future generations.
[[aot.basics]]
== AOT engine overview
The entry point of the AOT engine for processing an `ApplicationContext` is `ApplicationContextAotGenerator`. It takes care of the following steps, based on a `GenericApplicationContext` that represents the application to optimize and a {spring-framework-api}/aot/generate/GenerationContext.html[`GenerationContext`]:
* Refresh an `ApplicationContext` for AOT processing. Contrary to a traditional refresh, this version only creates bean definitions, not bean instances.
* Invoke the available `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` implementations and apply their contributions against the `GenerationContext`.
For instance, a core implementation iterates over all candidate bean definitions and generates the necessary code to restore the state of the `BeanFactory`.
Once this process completes, the `GenerationContext` will have been updated with the generated code, resources, and classes that are necessary for the application to run.
The `RuntimeHints` instance can also be used to generate the relevant GraalVM native image configuration files.
`ApplicationContextAotGenerator#processAheadOfTime` returns the class name of the `ApplicationContextInitializer` entry point that allows the context to be started with AOT optimizations.
Those steps are covered in greater detail in the sections below.
[[aot.refresh]]
== Refresh for AOT Processing
Refresh for AOT processing is supported on all `GenericApplicationContext` implementations.
An application context is created with any number of entry points, usually in the form of `@Configuration`-annotated classes.
Let's look at a basic example:
include-code::./AotProcessingSample[tag=myapplication]
Starting this application with the regular runtime involves a number of steps including classpath scanning, configuration class parsing, bean instantiation, and lifecycle callback handling.
Refresh for AOT processing only applies a subset of what happens with a xref:core/beans/introduction.adoc[regular `refresh`].
AOT processing can be triggered as follows:
include-code::./AotProcessingSample[tag=aotcontext]
In this mode, xref:core/beans/factory-extension.adoc#beans-factory-extension-factory-postprocessors[`BeanFactoryPostProcessor` implementations] are invoked as usual.
This includes configuration class parsing, import selectors, classpath scanning, etc.
Such steps make sure that the `BeanRegistry` contains the relevant bean definitions for the application.
If bean definitions are guarded by conditions (such as `@Profile`), these are evaluated,
and bean definitions that don't match their conditions are discarded at this stage.
If custom code needs to register extra beans programmatically, make sure that custom
registration code uses `BeanDefinitionRegistry` instead of `BeanFactory` as only bean
definitions are taken into account. A good pattern is to implement
`ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar` and register it via an `@Import` on one of your
configuration classes.
Because this mode does not actually create bean instances, `BeanPostProcessor` implementations are not invoked, except for specific variants that are relevant for AOT processing.
These are:
* `MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor` implementations post-process bean definitions to extract additional settings, such as `init` and `destroy` methods.
* `SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor` implementations determine a more precise bean type if necessary.
This makes sure to create any proxy that will be required at runtime.
Once this part completes, the `BeanFactory` contains the bean definitions that are necessary for the application to run. It does not trigger bean instantiation but allows the AOT engine to inspect the beans that will be created at runtime.
[[aot.bean-factory-initialization-contributions]]
== Bean Factory Initialization AOT Contributions
Components that want to participate in this step can implement the {spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/aot/BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor.html[`BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor`] interface.
Each implementation can return an AOT contribution, based on the state of the bean factory.
An AOT contribution is a component that contributes generated code which reproduces a particular behavior.
It can also contribute `RuntimeHints` to indicate the need for reflection, resource loading, serialization, or JDK proxies.
A `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` implementation can be registered in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` with a key equal to the fully-qualified name of the interface.
The `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` interface can also be implemented directly by a bean.
In this mode, the bean provides an AOT contribution equivalent to the feature it provides with a regular runtime.
Consequently, such a bean is automatically excluded from the AOT-optimized context.
[NOTE]
====
If a bean implements the `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` interface, the bean and **all** of its dependencies will be initialized during AOT processing.
We generally recommend that this interface is only implemented by infrastructure beans such as `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` which have limited dependencies and are already initialized early in the bean factory lifecycle.
If such a bean is registered using an `@Bean` factory method, ensure the method is `static` so that its enclosing `@Configuration` class does not have to be initialized.
====
[[aot.bean-registration-contributions]]
=== Bean Registration AOT Contributions
A core `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` implementation is responsible for collecting the necessary contributions for each candidate `BeanDefinition`.
It does so using a dedicated `BeanRegistrationAotProcessor`.
This interface is used as follows:
* Implemented by a `BeanPostProcessor` bean, to replace its runtime behavior.
For instance xref:core/beans/factory-extension.adoc#beans-factory-extension-bpp-examples-aabpp[`AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor`] implements this interface to generate code that injects members annotated with `@Autowired`.
* Implemented by a type registered in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` with a key equal to the fully-qualified name of the interface.
Typically used when the bean definition needs to be tuned for specific features of the core framework.
[NOTE]
====
If a bean implements the `BeanRegistrationAotProcessor` interface, the bean and **all** of its dependencies will be initialized during AOT processing.
We generally recommend that this interface is only implemented by infrastructure beans such as `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` which have limited dependencies and are already initialized early in the bean factory lifecycle.
If such a bean is registered using an `@Bean` factory method, ensure the method is `static` so that its enclosing `@Configuration` class does not have to be initialized.
====
If no `BeanRegistrationAotProcessor` handles a particular registered bean, a default implementation processes it.
This is the default behavior, since tuning the generated code for a bean definition should be restricted to corner cases.
Taking our previous example, let's assume that `DataSourceConfiguration` is as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
public class DataSourceConfiguration {
@Bean
public SimpleDataSource dataSource() {
return new SimpleDataSource();
}
}
----
Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
class DataSourceConfiguration {
@Bean
fun dataSource() = SimpleDataSource()
}
----
======
WARNING: Kotlin class names with backticks that use invalid Java identifiers (not starting with a letter, containing spaces, etc.) are not supported.
Since there isn't any particular condition on this class, `dataSourceConfiguration` and `dataSource` are identified as candidates.
The AOT engine will convert the configuration class above to code similar to the following:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,role="primary"]
----
/**
* Bean definitions for {@link DataSourceConfiguration}
*/
@Generated
public class DataSourceConfiguration__BeanDefinitions {
/**
* Get the bean definition for 'dataSourceConfiguration'
*/
public static BeanDefinition getDataSourceConfigurationBeanDefinition() {
Class<?> beanType = DataSourceConfiguration.class;
RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(beanType);
beanDefinition.setInstanceSupplier(DataSourceConfiguration::new);
return beanDefinition;
}
/**
* Get the bean instance supplier for 'dataSource'.
*/
private static BeanInstanceSupplier<SimpleDataSource> getDataSourceInstanceSupplier() {
return BeanInstanceSupplier.<SimpleDataSource>forFactoryMethod(DataSourceConfiguration.class, "dataSource")
.withGenerator((registeredBean) -> registeredBean.getBeanFactory().getBean(DataSourceConfiguration.class).dataSource());
}
/**
* Get the bean definition for 'dataSource'
*/
public static BeanDefinition getDataSourceBeanDefinition() {
Class<?> beanType = SimpleDataSource.class;
RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(beanType);
beanDefinition.setInstanceSupplier(getDataSourceInstanceSupplier());
return beanDefinition;
}
}
----
======
NOTE: The exact code generated may differ depending on the exact nature of your bean definitions.
TIP: Each generated class is annotated with `org.springframework.aot.generate.Generated` to
identify them if they need to be excluded, for instance by static analysis tools.
The generated code above creates bean definitions equivalent to the `@Configuration` class, but in a direct way and without the use of reflection if at all possible.
There is a bean definition for `dataSourceConfiguration` and one for `dataSourceBean`.
When a `datasource` instance is required, a `BeanInstanceSupplier` is called.
This supplier invokes the `dataSource()` method on the `dataSourceConfiguration` bean.
[[aot.running]]
== Running with AOT optimizations
AOT is a mandatory step to transform a Spring application to a native executable, so it
is automatically enabled when running in this mode. It is possible to use those optimizations
on the JVM by setting the `spring.aot.enabled` System property to `true`.
NOTE: When AOT optimizations are included, some decisions that have been taken at build-time
are hard-coded in the application setup. For instance, profiles that have been enabled at
build-time are automatically enabled at runtime as well.
[[aot.bestpractices]]
== Best Practices
The AOT engine is designed to handle as many use cases as possible, with no code change in applications.
However, keep in mind that some optimizations are made at build time based on a static definition of the beans.
This section lists the best practices that make sure your application is ready for AOT.
[[aot.bestpractices.bean-registration]]
== Programmatic bean registration
The AOT engine takes care of the `@Configuration` model and any callback that might be
invoked as part of processing your configuration. If you need to register additional
beans programmatically, make sure to use a `BeanDefinitionRegistry` to register
bean definitions.
This can typically be done via a `BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor`. Note that, if it
is registered itself as a bean, it will be invoked again at runtime unless you make
sure to implement `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` as well. A more idiomatic
way is to implement `ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar` and register it using `@Import` on
one of your configuration classes. This invokes your custom code as part of configuration
class parsing.
If you declare additional beans programmatically using a different callback, they are
likely not going to be handled by the AOT engine, and therefore no hints are going to be
generated for them. Depending on the environment, those beans may not be registered at
all. For instance, classpath scanning does not work in a native image as there is no
notion of a classpath. For cases like this, it is crucial that the scanning happens at
build time.
[[aot.bestpractices.bean-type]]
=== Expose The Most Precise Bean Type
While your application may interact with an interface that a bean implements, it is still very important to declare the most precise type.
The AOT engine performs additional checks on the bean type, such as detecting the presence of `@Autowired` members or lifecycle callback methods.
For `@Configuration` classes, make sure that the return type of the factory `@Bean` method is as precise as possible.
Consider the following example:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
public class UserConfiguration {
@Bean
public MyInterface myInterface() {
return new MyImplementation();
}
}
----
======
In the example above, the declared type for the `myInterface` bean is `MyInterface`.
None of the usual post-processing will take `MyImplementation` into account.
For instance, if there is an annotated handler method on `MyImplementation` that the context should register, it wont be detected upfront.
The example above should be rewritten as follows:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
public class UserConfiguration {
@Bean
public MyImplementation myInterface() {
return new MyImplementation();
}
}
----
======
If you are registering bean definitions programmatically, consider using `RootBeanBefinition` as it allows to specify a `ResolvableType` that handles generics.
[[aot.bestpractices.constructors]]
=== Avoid Multiple Constructors
The container is able to choose the most appropriate constructor to use based on several candidates.
However, this is not a best practice and flagging the preferred constructor with `@Autowired` if necessary is preferred.
In case you are working on a code base that you cannot modify, you can set the {spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/support/AbstractBeanDefinition.html#PREFERRED_CONSTRUCTORS_ATTRIBUTE[`preferredConstructors` attribute] on the related bean definition to indicate which constructor should be used.
[[aot.bestpractices.comlext-data-structure]]
=== Avoid Complex Data Structure for Constructor Parameters and Properties
When crafting a `RootBeanDefinition` programmatically, you are not constrained in terms of types that you can use.
For instance, you may have a custom `record` with several properties that your bean takes as a constructor argument.
While this works fine with the regular runtime, AOT does not know how to generate the code of your custom data structure.
A good rule of thumb is to keep in mind that bean definitions are an abstraction on top of several models.
Rather than using such structure, decomposing to simple types or referring to a bean that is built as such is recommended.
As a last resort, you can implement your own `org.springframework.aot.generate.ValueCodeGenerator$Delegate`.
To use it, register its fully qualified name in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` using the `Delegate` as the key.
[[aot.bestpractices.custom-arguments]]
=== Avoid Creating Bean with Custom Arguments
Spring AOT detects what needs to be done to create a bean and translates that in generated code using an instance supplier.
The container also supports creating a bean with {spring-framework-api}++/beans/factory/BeanFactory.html#getBean(java.lang.String,java.lang.Object...)++[custom arguments] that leads to several issues with AOT:
. The custom arguments require dynamic introspection of a matching constructor or factory method.
Those arguments cannot be detected by AOT, so the necessary reflection hints will have to be provided manually.
. By-passing the instance supplier means that all other optimizations after creation are skipped as well.
For instance, autowiring on fields and methods will be skipped as they are handled in the instance supplier.
Rather than having prototype-scoped beans created with custom arguments, we recommend a manual factory pattern where a bean is responsible for the creation of the instance.
[[aot.bestpractices.factory-bean]]
=== FactoryBean
`FactoryBean` should be used with care as it introduces an intermediate layer in terms of bean type resolution that may not be conceptually necessary.
As a rule of thumb, if the `FactoryBean` instance does not hold long-term state and is not needed at a later point in time at runtime, it should be replaced by a regular factory method, possibly with a `FactoryBean` adapter layer on top (for declarative configuration purposes).
If your `FactoryBean` implementation does not resolve the object type (i.e. `T`), extra care is necessary.
Consider the following example:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
public class ClientFactoryBean<T extends AbstractClient> implements FactoryBean<T> {
// ...
}
----
======
A concrete client declaration should provide a resolved generic for the client, as shown in the following example:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
public class UserConfiguration {
@Bean
public ClientFactoryBean<MyClient> myClient() {
return new ClientFactoryBean<>(...);
}
}
----
======
If the `FactoryBean` bean definition is registered programmatically, make sure to follow these steps:
1. Use `RootBeanDefinition`.
2. Set the `beanClass` to the `FactoryBean` class so that AOT knows that it is an intermediate layer.
3. Set the `ResolvableType` to a resolved generic, which makes sure the most precise type is exposed.
The following example showcases a basic definition:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(ClientFactoryBean.class);
beanDefinition.setTargetType(ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(ClientFactoryBean.class, MyClient.class));
// ...
registry.registerBeanDefinition("myClient", beanDefinition);
----
======
[[aot.bestpractices.jpa]]
=== JPA
The JPA persistence unit has to be known upfront for certain optimizations to apply. Consider the following basic example:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
@Bean
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean customDBEntityManagerFactory(DataSource dataSource) {
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factoryBean = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
factoryBean.setPackagesToScan("com.example.app");
return factoryBean;
}
----
======
To make sure the scanning occurs ahead of time, a `PersistenceManagedTypes` bean must be declared and used by the
factory bean definition, as shown by the following example:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
@Bean
PersistenceManagedTypes persistenceManagedTypes(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
return new PersistenceManagedTypesScanner(resourceLoader)
.scan("com.example.app");
}
@Bean
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean customDBEntityManagerFactory(DataSource dataSource, PersistenceManagedTypes managedTypes) {
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factoryBean = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
factoryBean.setManagedTypes(managedTypes);
return factoryBean;
}
----
======
[[aot.hints]]
== Runtime Hints
Running an application as a native image requires additional information compared to a regular JVM runtime.
For instance, GraalVM needs to know ahead of time if a component uses reflection.
Similarly, classpath resources are not included in a native image unless specified explicitly.
Consequently, if the application needs to load a resource, it must be referenced from the corresponding GraalVM native image configuration file.
The {spring-framework-api}/aot/hint/RuntimeHints.html[`RuntimeHints`] API collects the need for reflection, resource loading, serialization, and JDK proxies at runtime.
The following example makes sure that `config/app.properties` can be loaded from the classpath at runtime within a native image:
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
runtimeHints.resources().registerPattern("config/app.properties");
----
======
A number of contracts are handled automatically during AOT processing.
For instance, the return type of a `@Controller` method is inspected, and relevant reflection hints are added if Spring detects that the type should be serialized (typically to JSON).
For cases that the core container cannot infer, you can register such hints programmatically.
A number of convenient annotations are also provided for common use cases.
[[aot.hints.import-runtime-hints]]
=== `@ImportRuntimeHints`
`RuntimeHintsRegistrar` implementations allow you to get a callback to the `RuntimeHints` instance managed by the AOT engine.
Implementations of this interface can be registered using `@ImportRuntimeHints` on any Spring bean or `@Bean` factory method.
`RuntimeHintsRegistrar` implementations are detected and invoked at build time.
include-code::./SpellCheckService[]
If at all possible, `@ImportRuntimeHints` should be used as close as possible to the component that requires the hints.
This way, if the component is not contributed to the `BeanFactory`, the hints won't be contributed either.
It is also possible to register an implementation statically by adding an entry in `META-INF/spring/aot.factories` with a key equal to the fully-qualified name of the `RuntimeHintsRegistrar` interface.
[[aot.hints.reflective]]
=== `@Reflective`
{spring-framework-api}/aot/hint/annotation/Reflective.html[`@Reflective`] provides an idiomatic way to flag the need for reflection on an annotated element.
For instance, `@EventListener` is meta-annotated with `@Reflective` since the underlying implementation invokes the annotated method using reflection.
By default, only Spring beans are considered, and an invocation hint is registered for the annotated element.
This can be tuned by specifying a custom `ReflectiveProcessor` implementation via the
`@Reflective` annotation.
Library authors can reuse this annotation for their own purposes.
If components other than Spring beans need to be processed, a `BeanFactoryInitializationAotProcessor` can detect the relevant types and use `ReflectiveRuntimeHintsRegistrar` to process them.
[[aot.hints.register-reflection-for-binding]]
=== `@RegisterReflectionForBinding`
{spring-framework-api}/aot/hint/annotation/RegisterReflectionForBinding.html[`@RegisterReflectionForBinding`] is a specialization of `@Reflective` that registers the need for serializing arbitrary types.
A typical use case is the use of DTOs that the container cannot infer, such as using a web client within a method body.
`@RegisterReflectionForBinding` can be applied to any Spring bean at the class level, but it can also be applied directly to a method, field, or constructor to better indicate where the hints are actually required.
The following example registers `Account` for serialization.
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
@Component
public class OrderService {
@RegisterReflectionForBinding(Account.class)
public void process(Order order) {
// ...
}
}
----
======
[[aot.hints.testing]]
=== Testing Runtime Hints
Spring Core also ships `RuntimeHintsPredicates`, a utility for checking that existing hints match a particular use case.
This can be used in your own tests to validate that a `RuntimeHintsRegistrar` contains the expected results.
We can write a test for our `SpellCheckService` and ensure that we will be able to load a dictionary at runtime:
include-code::./SpellCheckServiceTests[tag=hintspredicates]
With `RuntimeHintsPredicates`, we can check for reflection, resource, serialization, or proxy generation hints.
This approach works well for unit tests but implies that the runtime behavior of a component is well known.
You can learn more about the global runtime behavior of an application by running its test suite (or the app itself) with the {graalvm-docs}/native-image/metadata/AutomaticMetadataCollection/[GraalVM tracing agent].
This agent will record all relevant calls requiring GraalVM hints at runtime and write them out as JSON configuration files.
For more targeted discovery and testing, Spring Framework ships a dedicated module with core AOT testing utilities, `"org.springframework:spring-core-test"`.
This module contains the RuntimeHints Agent, a Java agent that records all method invocations that are related to runtime hints and helps you to assert that a given `RuntimeHints` instance covers all recorded invocations.
Let's consider a piece of infrastructure for which we'd like to test the hints we're contributing during the AOT processing phase.
include-code::./SampleReflection[]
We can then write a unit test (no native compilation required) that checks our contributed hints:
include-code::./SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests[]
If you forgot to contribute a hint, the test will fail and provide some details about the invocation:
[source,txt,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
org.springframework.docs.core.aot.hints.testing.SampleReflection performReflection
INFO: Spring version:6.0.0-SNAPSHOT
Missing <"ReflectionHints"> for invocation <java.lang.Class#forName>
with arguments ["org.springframework.core.SpringVersion",
false,
jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader@251a69d7].
Stacktrace:
<"org.springframework.util.ClassUtils#forName, Line 284
io.spring.runtimehintstesting.SampleReflection#performReflection, Line 19
io.spring.runtimehintstesting.SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests#lambda$shouldRegisterReflectionHints$0, Line 25
----
There are various ways to configure this Java agent in your build, so please refer to the documentation of your build tool and test execution plugin.
The agent itself can be configured to instrument specific packages (by default, only `org.springframework` is instrumented).
You'll find more details in the {spring-framework-code}/buildSrc/README.md[Spring Framework `buildSrc` README] file.
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
[[appendix]]
= Appendix
:page-section-summary-toc: 1
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
[[application-startup-steps]]
= Application Startup Steps
This part of the appendix lists the existing `StartupSteps` that the core container is instrumented with.
WARNING: The name and detailed information about each startup step is not part of the public contract and
is subject to change; this is considered as an implementation detail of the core container and will follow
its behavior changes.
.Application startup steps defined in the core container
|===
| Name| Description| Tags
| `spring.beans.instantiate`
| Instantiation of a bean and its dependencies.
| `beanName` the name of the bean, `beanType` the type required at the injection point.
| `spring.beans.smart-initialize`
| Initialization of `SmartInitializingSingleton` beans.
| `beanName` the name of the bean.
| `spring.context.annotated-bean-reader.create`
| Creation of the `AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader`.
|
| `spring.context.base-packages.scan`
| Scanning of base packages.
| `packages` array of base packages for scanning.
| `spring.context.beans.post-process`
| Beans post-processing phase.
|
| `spring.context.bean-factory.post-process`
| Invocation of the `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` beans.
| `postProcessor` the current post-processor.
| `spring.context.beandef-registry.post-process`
| Invocation of the `BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor` beans.
| `postProcessor` the current post-processor.
| `spring.context.component-classes.register`
| Registration of component classes through `AnnotationConfigApplicationContext#register`.
| `classes` array of given classes for registration.
| `spring.context.config-classes.enhance`
| Enhancement of configuration classes with CGLIB proxies.
| `classCount` count of enhanced classes.
| `spring.context.config-classes.parse`
| Configuration classes parsing phase with the `ConfigurationClassPostProcessor`.
| `classCount` count of processed classes.
| `spring.context.refresh`
| Application context refresh phase.
|
|===
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