Release v6.2.12

2026-06-08 17:33:33 +00:00 · 2025-10-16 08:56:30 +02:00
1314 changed files with 9200 additions and 16118 deletions
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ runs:
  using: composite
  steps:
    - name: Set Up Java
-      uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+      uses: actions/setup-java@v4
      with:
        distribution: ${{ inputs.java-early-access == 'true' && 'temurin' || (inputs.java-distribution || 'liberica') }}
        java-version: |
          ${{ inputs.java-early-access == 'true' && format('{0}-ea', inputs.java-version) || inputs.java-version }}
          ${{ inputs.java-toolchain == 'true' && '17' || '' }}
    - name: Set Up Gradle
-      uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@4d9f0ba0025fe599b4ebab900eb7f3a1d93ef4c2 # v5.0.0
+      uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@ac638b010cf58a27ee6c972d7336334ccaf61c96 # v4.4.1
      with:
        cache-read-only: false
        develocity-access-key: ${{ inputs.develocity-access-key }}
@@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ runs:
  using: composite
  steps:
    - name: Set Up JFrog CLI
-      uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@5b06f730cc5a6f55d78b30753f8583454b08c0aa # v4.8.1
+      uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@f748a0599171a192a2668afee8d0497f7c1069df # v4.5.6
      env:
        JF_ENV_SPRING: ${{ inputs.jfrog-cli-config-token }}
    - name: Download Release Artifacts
      shell: bash
      run: jf rt download --spec ${{ format('{0}/artifacts.spec', github.action_path) }} --spec-vars 'buildName=${{ format('spring-framework-{0}', inputs.spring-framework-version) }};buildNumber=${{ github.run_number }}'
    - name: Sync
-      uses: spring-io/central-publish-action@0c03960e9b16fdfe70e2443e1d5393cbc3a35622 # v0.3.0
+      uses: spring-io/central-publish-action@0cdd90d12e6876341e82860d951e1bcddc1e51b6 # v0.2.0
      with:
        token: ${{ inputs.central-token-password }}
        token-name: ${{ inputs.central-token-username }}
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Check out code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Set up Java
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
        with:
          distribution: 'liberica'
          java-version: 17
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Build and Publish
        id: build-and-publish
        uses: ./.github/actions/build
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
          develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.DEVELOCITY_ACCESS_KEY }}
          publish: true
      - name: Deploy
-        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@926d7f7cc810569395346bf3a4d91b380b3e355b # v0.0.4
+        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@dc1913008c0599f0c4b1fdafb6ff3c502b3565ea # v0.0.2
        with:
          artifact-properties: |
            /**/framework-api-*.zip::zip.name=spring-framework,zip.deployed=false
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Build
        id: build
        uses: ./.github/actions/build
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
        uses: ./.github/actions/print-jvm-thread-dumps
      - name: Upload Build Reports
        if: failure()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: build-reports
          path: '**/build/reports/'
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
          git config --global core.longPaths true
          Stop-Service -name Docker
      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Build
        id: build
        uses: ./.github/actions/build
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - name: Check out code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
      with:
        fetch-depth: 1
        ref: docs-build
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Build and Publish
        id: build-and-publish
        uses: ./.github/actions/build
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
          develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.DEVELOCITY_ACCESS_KEY }}
          publish: true
      - name: Stage Release
-        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@926d7f7cc810569395346bf3a4d91b380b3e355b # v0.0.4
+        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@dc1913008c0599f0c4b1fdafb6ff3c502b3565ea # v0.0.2
        with:
          artifact-properties: |
            /**/framework-api-*.zip::zip.name=spring-framework,zip.deployed=false
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
      - name: Sync to Maven Central
        uses: ./.github/actions/sync-to-maven-central
        with:
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Set up JFrog CLI
-        uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@5b06f730cc5a6f55d78b30753f8583454b08c0aa # v4.8.1
+        uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@dff217c085c17666e8849ebdbf29c8fe5e3995e6 # v4.5.2
        env:
          JF_ENV_SPRING: ${{ secrets.JF_ARTIFACTORY_SPRING }}
      - name: Promote build
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
      - name: Create GitHub Release
        uses: ./.github/actions/create-github-release
        with:
@@ -30,23 +30,23 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Check Out Release Verification Tests
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          ref: 'v0.0.2'
          repository: spring-projects/spring-framework-release-verification
          token: ${{ secrets.token }}
      - name: Check Out Send Notification Action
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          path: send-notification
          sparse-checkout: .github/actions/send-notification
      - name: Set Up Java
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
        with:
          distribution: 'liberica'
          java-version: 17
      - name: Set Up Gradle
-        uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@4d9f0ba0025fe599b4ebab900eb7f3a1d93ef4c2 # v5.0.0
+        uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@ac638b010cf58a27ee6c972d7336334ccaf61c96 # v4.4.1
        with:
          cache-read-only: false
      - name: Configure Gradle Properties
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ jobs:
        run: ./gradlew spring-framework-release-verification-tests:test
      - name: Upload Build Reports on Failure
        if: failure()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: build-reports
          path: '**/build/reports/'
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ ivy-cache
 argfile*
 activemq-data/
 classes/
-.cursor/

 # Log files
 jxl.log
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ See the [Build from Source](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/

 ## Continuous Integration Builds

-CI builds are defined with [GitHub Actions workflows](.github/workflows).
+Information regarding CI builds can be found in the [Spring Framework Concourse pipeline](ci/README.adoc) documentation.

 ## Stay in Touch

@@ -91,10 +91,14 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-core/javadoc/2.14/",
 			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-databind/javadoc/2.14/",
 			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-dataformat-xml/javadoc/2.14/",
-			//"https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-5.5.x/current/httpclient5/apidocs/",
+			"https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-5.5.x/current/httpclient5/apidocs/",
 			"https://projectreactor.io/docs/test/release/api/",
 			"https://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.13.2/",
-			"https://www.reactive-streams.org/reactive-streams-1.0.4-javadoc/",
+			// TODO Uncomment link to JUnit 5 docs once we execute Gradle with Java 18+.
+			// See https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/27497
+			//
+			// "https://junit.org/junit5/docs/5.14.0/api/",
+			"https://www.reactive-streams.org/reactive-streams-1.0.3-javadoc/",
 			//"https://javadoc.io/static/io.rsocket/rsocket-core/1.1.1/",
 			"https://r2dbc.io/spec/1.0.0.RELEASE/api/",
 			// Previously there could be a split-package issue between JSR250 and JSR305 javax.annotation packages,
@@ -13,10 +13,8 @@ content:
  - url: https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework
    # Refname matching:
    # https://docs.antora.org/antora/latest/playbook/content-refname-matching/
-    # branches: We include snapshots for main, 6.2.x, and 7.0.x to 9.*.x.
-    branches: ['main', '6.2.x', '{7..9}.+({0..9}).x']
-    # tags: include all releases from 6.2.0 to 9.*.*.
-    tags: ['v6.2.+({0..9})', 'v{7..9}.+({0..9}).+({0..9})?(-{RC,M}*)']
+    branches: ['main', '{6..9}.+({1..9}).x']
+    tags: ['v{6..9}.+({0..9}).+({0..9})?(-{RC,M}*)', '!(v6.0.{0..8})', '!(v6.0.0-{RC,M}{0..9})']
    start_path: framework-docs
 asciidoc:
  extensions:
@@ -38,4 +36,4 @@ runtime:
    failure_level: warn
 ui:
  bundle:
-    url: https://github.com/spring-io/antora-ui-spring/releases/download/v0.4.26/ui-bundle.zip
+    url: https://github.com/spring-io/antora-ui-spring/releases/download/v0.4.18/ui-bundle.zip
@@ -326,9 +326,9 @@
 *** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/application-events.adoc[]
 *** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/test-execution-events.adoc[]
 *** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management.adoc[]
-**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/javaconfig.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/xml.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/groovy.adoc[]
+**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/javaconfig.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/mixed-config.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/context-customizers.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/initializers.adoc[]
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ Note that pointcut definitions are generally matched against any intercepted met
 If a pointcut is strictly meant to be public-only, even in a CGLIB proxy scenario with
 potential non-public interactions through proxies, it needs to be defined accordingly.

-If your interception needs to include method calls or even constructors within the target
+If your interception needs include method calls or even constructors within the target
 class, consider the use of Spring-driven xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-aj-ltw[native AspectJ weaving] instead
 of Spring's proxy-based AOP framework. This constitutes a different mode of AOP usage
 with different characteristics, so be sure to make yourself familiar with weaving
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ The container also supports creating a bean with {spring-framework-api}++/beans/

 . The custom arguments require dynamic introspection of a matching constructor or factory method.
 Those arguments cannot be detected by AOT, so the necessary reflection hints will have to be provided manually.
-. Bypassing the instance supplier means that all other optimizations after creation are skipped as well.
+. By-passing the instance supplier means that all other optimizations after creation are skipped as well.
 For instance, autowiring on fields and methods will be skipped as they are handled in the instance supplier.

 Rather than having prototype-scoped beans created with custom arguments, we recommend a manual factory pattern where a bean is responsible for the creation of the instance.
@@ -151,17 +151,17 @@ injected into a `Set<MovieCatalog>` annotated with `@Qualifier("action")`.
 [TIP]
 ====
 Letting qualifier values select against target bean names, within the type-matching
-candidates, does not require a `@Qualifier` annotation at the injection point. If there
-is no other resolution indicator (such as a qualifier, a primary marker, or a fallback
-marker), for a non-unique dependency situation, Spring matches the injection point name
-(that is, the field name or parameter name) against the target bean names and chooses the
-same-named candidate, if any (either by bean name or by associated alias).
+candidates, does not require a `@Qualifier` annotation at the injection point.
+If there is no other resolution indicator (such as a qualifier or a primary marker),
+for a non-unique dependency situation, Spring matches the injection point name
+(that is, the field name or parameter name) against the target bean names and chooses
+the same-named candidate, if any (either by bean name or by associated alias).

-Since version 6.1, this requires the `-parameters` Java compiler flag to be present. As
-of 6.2, the container applies fast shortcut resolution for bean name matches, bypassing
-the full type matching algorithm when the parameter name matches the bean name and no
-type, qualifier, primary, or fallback conditions override the match. It is therefore
-recommendable for your parameter names to match the target bean names.
+Since version 6.1, this requires the `-parameters` Java compiler flag to be present.
+As of 6.2, the container applies fast shortcut resolution for bean name matches,
+bypassing the full type matching algorithm when the parameter name matches the
+bean name and no type, qualifier or primary conditions override the match. It is
+therefore recommendable for your parameter names to match the target bean names.
 ====

 As an alternative for injection by name, consider the JSR-250 `@Resource` annotation
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ Kotlin::
 Next, you can provide the information for the candidate bean definitions. You can add
 `<qualifier/>` tags as sub-elements of the `<bean/>` tag and then specify the `type` and
 `value` to match your custom qualifier annotations. The type is matched against the
-fully-qualified class name of the annotation. Alternatively, as a convenience if no risk of
+fully-qualified class name of the annotation. Alternately, as a convenience if no risk of
 conflicting names exists, you can use the short class name. The following example
 demonstrates both approaches:

@@ -308,8 +308,7 @@ set of multiple matches for the specific bean type (as returned by the factory m

 Note that the standard `jakarta.annotation.Priority` annotation is not available at the
 `@Bean` level, since it cannot be declared on methods. Its semantics can be modeled
-through `@Order` values in combination with `@Primary` or `@Fallback` on a single bean
-for each type.
+through `@Order` values in combination with `@Primary` on a single bean for each type.
 ====

 Even typed `Map` instances can be autowired as long as the expected key type is `String`.
@@ -27,5 +27,4 @@ with the `CustomAutowireConfigurer`

 When multiple beans qualify as autowire candidates, the determination of a "`primary`" is
 as follows: If exactly one bean definition among the candidates has a `primary`
-attribute set to `true`, it is selected. For annotation-based configuration, see
-xref:core/beans/annotation-config/autowired-primary.adoc[Fine-tuning with `@Primary` or `@Fallback`].
+attribute set to `true`, it is selected.
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======

-NOTE: Do not define such beans to be lazy as the `ApplicationContext` will honor that and will not register the method to listen to events.
+NOTE: Do not define such beans to be lazy as the `ApplicationContext` will honour that and will not register the method to listen to events.

 The method signature once again declares the event type to which it listens,
 but, this time, with a flexible name and without implementing a specific listener interface.
@@ -50,8 +50,9 @@ XML configuration:

 The preceding XML is more succinct. However, typos are discovered at runtime rather than
 design time, unless you use an IDE (such as https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/[IntelliJ
-IDEA] or the {spring-site-tools}[Spring Tools]) that supports automatic property
-completion when you create bean definitions. Such IDE assistance is highly recommended.
+IDEA] or the {spring-site-tools}[Spring Tools for Eclipse])
+that supports automatic property completion when you create bean definitions. Such IDE
+assistance is highly recommended.

 You can also configure a `java.util.Properties` instance, as follows:

@@ -67,13 +67,6 @@ interface, clearly indicating the post-processor nature of that bean. Otherwise,
 Since a `BeanPostProcessor` needs to be instantiated early in order to apply to the
 initialization of other beans in the context, this early type detection is critical.

-Furthermore, when registering a `BeanPostProcessor` via an `@Bean` factory method,
-declare the method as `static` and ideally with no dependencies. Doing so avoids eager
-initialization of the configuration class and other beans, which would make them
-ineligible for full post-processing (such as auto-proxying). See the
-"BeanPostProcessor-returning `@Bean` methods" section in the
-{spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/Bean.html[`@Bean`] javadoc for details.
-
 [[beans-factory-programmatically-registering-beanpostprocessors]]
 .Programmatically registering `BeanPostProcessor` instances
 NOTE: While the recommended approach for `BeanPostProcessor` registration is through
@@ -87,7 +80,7 @@ of execution. Note also that `BeanPostProcessor` instances registered programmat
 are always processed before those registered through auto-detection, regardless of any
 explicit ordering.

-.`BeanPostProcessor` instances and early initialization
+.`BeanPostProcessor` instances and AOP auto-proxying
 [NOTE]
 ====
 Classes that implement the `BeanPostProcessor` interface are special and are treated
@@ -97,23 +90,17 @@ of the `ApplicationContext`. Next, all `BeanPostProcessor` instances are registe
 in a sorted fashion and applied to all further beans in the container. Because AOP
 auto-proxying is implemented as a `BeanPostProcessor` itself, neither `BeanPostProcessor`
 instances nor the beans they directly reference are eligible for auto-proxying and,
-thus, do not have aspects woven into them. More generally, any bean that is instantiated
-during this early phase is not eligible for full post-processing by all
-`BeanPostProcessor` instances.
+thus, do not have aspects woven into them.

-For any such bean, you should see a WARN-level log message similar to the following.
+For any such bean, you should see an informational log message: `Bean someBean is not
+eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessor interfaces (for example: not
+eligible for auto-proxying)`.

-[quote]
-Bean 'someBean' of type [org.example.SomeType] is not eligible for getting processed by
-all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying).
-
-To minimize the number of beans affected, register a `BeanPostProcessor` with a
-`static` `@Bean` method that has no dependencies (see the note above). If you have
-beans wired into your `BeanPostProcessor` by using autowiring or `@Resource` (which
-may fall back to autowiring), Spring might access unexpected beans when searching
-for type-matching dependency candidates and, therefore, make them ineligible for
-auto-proxying or other kinds of bean post-processing. For example, if you have a
-dependency annotated with `@Resource` where the field or setter name does not
+If you have beans wired into your `BeanPostProcessor` by using autowiring or
+`@Resource` (which may fall back to autowiring), Spring might access unexpected beans
+when searching for type-matching dependency candidates and, therefore, make them
+ineligible for auto-proxying or other kinds of bean post-processing. For example, if you
+have a dependency annotated with `@Resource` where the field or setter name does not
 directly correspond to the declared name of a bean and no name attribute is used,
 Spring accesses other beans for matching them by type.
 ====
@@ -148,7 +135,7 @@ Java::
 		}

 		public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) {
-			System.out.println("Bean '" + beanName + "' created : " + bean);
+			System.out.println("Bean '" + beanName + "' created : " + bean.toString());
 			return bean;
 		}
 	}
@@ -177,48 +164,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======

-You can register the `InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor` with Java configuration
-by using a `static` `@Bean` method (recommended to avoid eager initialization of the
-configuration class and other beans):
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",chomp="-packages"]
----
-	@Configuration
-	public class AppConfig {
-
-		@Bean
-		public static InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor instantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor() {
-			return new InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor();
-		}
-
-		// ... other bean definitions
-	}
----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",chomp="-packages"]
----
-	@Configuration
-	class AppConfig {
-
-		@Bean
-		companion object {
-			@JvmStatic
-			fun instantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor() = InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor()
-		}
-
-		// ... other bean definitions
-	}
----
-======
-
-Alternatively, the `InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor` can be registered via the
-`bean` element with XML configuration:
+The following `beans` element uses the `InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor`:

 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
@@ -246,7 +192,7 @@ Alternatively, the `InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor` can be registered via
 ----

 Notice how the `InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor` is merely defined. It does not
-even have a name, and, because it is a bean, it can be dependency-injected as with any
+even have a name, and, because it is a bean, it can be dependency-injected as you would any
 other bean. (The preceding configuration also defines a bean that is backed by a Groovy
 script. The Spring dynamic language support is detailed in the chapter entitled
 xref:languages/dynamic.adoc[Dynamic Language Support].)
@@ -355,23 +301,6 @@ implement the `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` interface. It uses these beans as bean
 post-processors, at the appropriate time. You can deploy these post-processor beans as
 you would any other bean.

-When registering a `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` via an `@Bean` factory method in a
-`@Configuration` class, declare the method as `static` to avoid lifecycle conflicts
-with annotation processing (such as `@Autowired`, `@Value`, and `@PostConstruct`) in the
-configuration class. See the "BeanFactoryPostProcessor-returning `@Bean` methods"
-section in the {spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/Bean.html[`@Bean`] javadoc
-for details and an example.
-
-For any non-static `@Bean` factory method with a `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` return type,
-you should see an INFO-level log message similar to the following.
-
-[quote]
-@Bean method MyConfig.myBfpp is non-static and returns an object assignable to Spring's
-BeanFactoryPostProcessor interface. This will result in a failure to process annotations
-such as @Autowired, @Resource, and @PostConstruct within the method's declaring
-@Configuration class. Add the 'static' modifier to this method to avoid these container
-lifecycle issues; see @Bean javadoc for complete details.
-
 NOTE: As with ``BeanPostProcessor``s , you typically do not want to configure
 ``BeanFactoryPostProcessor``s for lazy initialization. If no other bean references a
 `Bean(Factory)PostProcessor`, that post-processor will not get instantiated at all.
@@ -339,11 +339,11 @@ In the preceding scenario, using `@Autowired` works well and provides the desire
 modularity, but determining exactly where the autowired bean definitions are declared is
 still somewhat ambiguous. For example, as a developer looking at `ServiceConfig`, how do
 you know exactly where the `@Autowired AccountRepository` bean is declared? It is not
-explicit in the code, and this may be just fine. Note that the
-{spring-site-tools}[Spring Tools] IDE support provides tooling that can render graphs
-showing how everything is wired, which may be all you need. Also, your Java IDE can
-easily find all declarations and uses of the `AccountRepository` type and quickly show
-you the location of `@Bean` methods that return that type.
+explicit in the code, and this may be just fine. Remember that the
+{spring-site-tools}[Spring Tools for Eclipse] provides tooling that
+can render graphs showing how everything is wired, which may be all you need. Also,
+your Java IDE can easily find all declarations and uses of the `AccountRepository` type
+and quickly show you the location of `@Bean` methods that return that type.

 In cases where this ambiguity is not acceptable and you wish to have direct navigation
 from within your IDE from one `@Configuration` class to another, consider autowiring the
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ similar to the https://jakarta.ee/specifications/expression-language/[Jakarta Ex
 Language] but offers additional features, most notably method invocation and basic string
 templating functionality.

-While there are several other Java expression languages available -- OGNL, MVEL, and
-JBoss EL, to name a few -- the Spring Expression Language was created to provide the
-Spring community with a single well supported expression language that can be used across
-all the products in the Spring portfolio. Its language features are driven by the
-requirements of the projects in the Spring portfolio, including tooling requirements for
-code completion within the {spring-site-tools}[Spring Tools] IDE support. That said, SpEL
-is based on a technology-agnostic API that lets other expression language implementations
-be integrated, should the need arise.
+While there are several other Java expression languages available -- OGNL, MVEL, and JBoss
+EL, to name a few -- the Spring Expression Language was created to provide the Spring
+community with a single well supported expression language that can be used across all
+the products in the Spring portfolio. Its language features are driven by the
+requirements of the projects in the Spring portfolio, including tooling requirements
+for code completion support within the {spring-site-tools}[Spring Tools for Eclipse].
+That said, SpEL is based on a technology-agnostic API that lets other expression language
+implementations be integrated, should the need arise.

 While SpEL serves as the foundation for expression evaluation within the Spring
 portfolio, it is not directly tied to Spring and can be used independently. To
@@ -2,12 +2,4 @@
 = Language Reference
 :page-section-summary-toc: 1

-Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expressions are composed of a sequence of tokens such
-as literals, operators, method invocations, and so forth.
-
-Whitespace can be used freely between tokens to format and improve the readability of
-expressions. Specifically, the `\s` (space), `\t` (tab), `\r` (carriage return), and `\n`
-(newline) characters are all valid separators between tokens. However, whitespace is
-ignored by the expression parser unless it is part of a string literal.
-
-The following sections describe the features and syntax of SpEL.
+This section describes how the Spring Expression Language works.
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Kotlin::
 	val trueValue = parser.parseExpression("'black' < 'block'").getValue(Boolean::class.java)

 	// uses CustomValue:::compareTo
-	val trueValue = parser.parseExpression("new CustomValue(1) < new CustomValue(2)").getValue(Boolean::class.java)
+	val trueValue = parser.parseExpression("new CustomValue(1) < new CustomValue(2)").getValue(Boolean::class.java);
 ----
 ======

@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ Kotlin::
 [CAUTION]
 ====
 The syntax for the `between` operator is `<input> between {<range_begin>, <range_end>}`,
-which is effectively a shortcut for `<input> >= <range_begin> && <input> \<= <range_end>`.
+which is effectively a shortcut for `<input> >= <range_begin> && <input> \<= <range_end>}`.

 Consequently, `1 between {1, 5}` evaluates to `true`, while `1 between {5, 1}` evaluates
 to `false`.
@@ -312,13 +312,13 @@ Kotlin::

 	// evaluates to 'a'
 	val ch = parser.parseExpression("'d' - 3")
-			.getValue(Char::class.java)
+			.getValue(Character::class.java);

 	// -- Repeat --

 	// evaluates to "abcabc"
 	val repeated = parser.parseExpression("'abc' * 2")
-			.getValue(String::class.java)
+			.getValue(String::class.java);
 ----
 ======

@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ Kotlin::

 	// -- Operator precedence --

-	val minusTwentyOne = parser.parseExpression("1+2-3*8").getValue(Int::class.java)  // -21
+	val minusTwentyOne = parser.parseExpression("1+2-3*8").getValue(Int::class.java)  // -21	
 ----
 ======

@@ -541,7 +541,32 @@ For example, if we want to overload the `ADD` operator to allow two lists to be
 concatenated using the `+` sign, we can implement a custom `OperatorOverloader` as
 follows.

-include-code::./ListConcatenation[]
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	pubic class ListConcatenation implements OperatorOverloader {
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean overridesOperation(Operation operation, Object left, Object right) {
+			return (operation == Operation.ADD &&
+					left instanceof List && right instanceof List);
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+		public Object operate(Operation operation, Object left, Object right) {
+			if (operation == Operation.ADD &&
+					left instanceof List list1 && right instanceof List list2) {
+
+				List result = new ArrayList(list1);
+				result.addAll(list2);
+				return result;
+			}
+			throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+				"No overload for operation %s and operands [%s] and [%s]"
+					.formatted(operation, left, right));
+		}
+	}
+----

 If we register `ListConcatenation` as the `OperatorOverloader` in a
 `StandardEvaluationContext`, we can then evaluate expressions like `{1, 2, 3} + {4, 5}`
@@ -564,8 +589,8 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val context = StandardEvaluationContext()
-	context.operatorOverloader = ListConcatenation()
+	StandardEvaluationContext context = StandardEvaluationContext()
+	context.setOperatorOverloader(ListConcatenation())

 	// evaluates to a new list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
 	parser.parseExpression("{1, 2, 3} + {2 + 2, 5}").getValue(context, List::class.java)
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ is applicable for typical implementations of indexed structures.
 NOTE: `ReflectiveIndexAccessor` also implements `CompilableIndexAccessor` in order to
 support xref:core/expressions/evaluation.adoc#expressions-spel-compilation[compilation]
 to bytecode for read access. Note, however, that the configured read-method must be
-invocable via a `public` class or `public` interface for compilation to succeed.
+invokable via a `public` class or `public` interface for compilation to succeed.

 The following code listings define a `Color` enum and `FruitMap` type that behaves like a
 map but does not implement the `java.util.Map` interface. Thus, if you want to index into
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ are set by using the `setVariable()` method in `EvaluationContext` implementatio

 [NOTE]
 ====
-Variable names must begin with a letter (as defined below), an underscore, or a dollar
+Variable names must be begin with a letter (as defined below), an underscore, or a dollar
 sign.

 Variable names must be composed of one or more of the following supported types of
@@ -351,10 +351,10 @@ recognized and used as the `PropertyEditor` for `Something`-typed properties.
 [literal,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 com
-└── example
-    └── things
-        ├── *Something*
-        └── *SomethingEditor* // the PropertyEditor for the Something class
+  chank
+    pop
+      Something
+      SomethingEditor // the PropertyEditor for the Something class
 ----

 Note that you can also use the standard `BeanInfo` JavaBeans mechanism here as well
@@ -366,10 +366,10 @@ following example uses the `BeanInfo` mechanism to explicitly register one or mo
 [literal,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 com
-└── example
-    └── things
-        ├── *Something*
-        └── *SomethingBeanInfo* // the BeanInfo for the Something class
+  chank
+    pop
+      Something
+      SomethingBeanInfo // the BeanInfo for the Something class
 ----

 The following Java source code for the referenced `SomethingBeanInfo` class
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ provides `firstName` and `lastName` properties, such as the `Actor` class from a
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	this.jdbcClient.sql("insert into t_actor (first_name, last_name) values (:firstName, :lastName)")
-			.paramSource(new Actor("Leonor", "Watling"))
+			.paramSource(new Actor("Leonor", "Watling")
 			.update();
 ----

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ configuration options. You should instantiate the `SimpleJdbcInsert` in the data
 layer's initialization method. For this example, the initializing method is the
 `setDataSource` method. You do not need to subclass the `SimpleJdbcInsert` class. Instead,
 you can create a new instance and set the table name by using the `withTableName` method.
-Configuration methods for this class follow the `fluent` style that returns the instance
+Configuration methods for this class follow the `fluid` style that returns the instance
 of the `SimpleJdbcInsert`, which lets you chain all configuration methods. The following
 example uses only one configuration method (we show examples of multiple methods later):

@@ -349,11 +349,11 @@ parameters return the data read from the table.

 You can declare `SimpleJdbcCall` in a manner similar to declaring `SimpleJdbcInsert`. You
 should instantiate and configure the class in the initialization method of your data-access
-layer. In contrast to the `StoredProcedure` class, you do not need to create a subclass,
-and you do not need to declare parameters that can be looked up in the database metadata.
-The following `SimpleJdbcCall` configuration example uses the preceding stored procedure.
-The only configuration option (other than the `DataSource`) is the name of the stored
-procedure.
+layer. Compared to the `StoredProcedure` class, you need not create a subclass
+and you need not to declare parameters that can be looked up in the database metadata.
+The following example of a `SimpleJdbcCall` configuration uses the preceding stored
+procedure (the only configuration option, in addition to the `DataSource`, is the name
+of the stored procedure):

 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 [[appendix]]
 = Appendix

+
+
+
 [[appendix.xsd-schemas]]
 == XML Schemas

 This part of the appendix lists XML schemas related to integration technologies.

+
+
 [[appendix.xsd-schemas-jee]]
 === The `jee` Schema

@@ -167,7 +172,7 @@ different properties with `jee`:

 The `<jee:local-slsb/>` element configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean.

-The following example shows how to configure a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
+The following example shows how to configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
 without `jee`:

 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
@@ -179,7 +184,7 @@ without `jee`:
 	</bean>
 ----

-The following example shows how to configure a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
+The following example shows how to configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
 with `jee`:

 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
@@ -195,7 +200,7 @@ with `jee`:

 The `<jee:local-slsb/>` element configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean.

-The following example shows how to configure a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
+The following example shows how to configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
 and a number of properties without `jee`:

 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
@@ -210,7 +215,7 @@ and a number of properties without `jee`:
 	</bean>
 ----

-The following example shows how to configure a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
+The following example shows how to configures a reference to a local EJB Stateless Session Bean
 and a number of properties with `jee`:

 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
@@ -229,7 +234,7 @@ and a number of properties with `jee`:

 The `<jee:remote-slsb/>` element configures a reference to a `remote` EJB Stateless Session Bean.

-The following example shows how to configure a reference to a remote EJB Stateless Session Bean
+The following example shows how to configures a reference to a remote EJB Stateless Session Bean
 without `jee`:

 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
@@ -246,7 +251,7 @@ without `jee`:
 	</bean>
 ----

-The following example shows how to configure a reference to a remote EJB Stateless Session Bean
+The following example shows how to configures a reference to a remote EJB Stateless Session Bean
 with `jee`:

 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
@@ -308,7 +313,7 @@ xref:integration/jmx/naming.adoc#jmx-context-mbeanexport[Configuring Annotation-
 === The `cache` Schema

 You can use the `cache` elements to enable support for Spring's `@CacheEvict`, `@CachePut`,
-and `@Caching` annotations. The `cache` schema also supports declarative XML-based caching. See
+and `@Caching` annotations. It it also supports declarative XML-based caching. See
 xref:integration/cache/annotations.adoc#cache-annotation-enable[Enabling Caching Annotations] and
 xref:integration/cache/declarative-xml.adoc[Declarative XML-based Caching] for details.

@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ running the Kotlin compiler with its `-java-parameters` flag for standard Java p

 You can declare configuration classes as
 {kotlin-docs}/nested-classes.html[top level or nested but not inner],
-since the latter requires a reference to the outer class.
+since the later requires a reference to the outer class.
@@ -319,17 +319,9 @@ progresses.
 == Testing

 This section addresses testing with the combination of Kotlin and Spring Framework.
-The recommended testing framework is https://junit.org/[JUnit Jupiter] along with
+The recommended testing framework is https://junit.org/junit5/[JUnit 5] along with
 https://mockk.io/[Mockk] for mocking.

-[TIP]
-====
-Kotlin lets you specify meaningful test function names between backticks (```).
-
-For a concrete example, see the `+++`Find all users on HTML page`()+++` test function later
-in this section.
-====
-
 NOTE: If you are using Spring Boot, see
 {spring-boot-docs-ref}/features/kotlin.html#features.kotlin.testing[this related documentation].

@@ -360,6 +352,7 @@ file with a `spring.test.constructor.autowire.mode = all` property.
 [[per_class-lifecycle]]
 === `PER_CLASS` Lifecycle

+Kotlin lets you specify meaningful test function names between backticks (```).
 With JUnit Jupiter (JUnit 5), Kotlin test classes can use the `@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)`
 annotation to enable single instantiation of test classes, which allows the use of `@BeforeAll`
 and `@AfterAll` annotations on non-static methods, which is a good fit for Kotlin.
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ default mode may be set via the
 xref:appendix.adoc#appendix-spring-properties[`SpringProperties`] mechanism.

 The default mode may also be configured as a
-https://docs.junit.org/current/running-tests/configuration-parameters.html[JUnit Platform configuration parameter].
+https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-config-params[JUnit Platform configuration parameter].

 If the `spring.test.constructor.autowire.mode` property is not set, test class
 constructors will not be automatically autowired.
@@ -72,13 +72,6 @@ bean definition profiles programmatically by implementing a custom
 xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/env-profiles.adoc#testcontext-ctx-management-env-profiles-ActiveProfilesResolver[`ActiveProfilesResolver`]
 and registering it by using the `resolver` attribute of `@ActiveProfiles`.

-NOTE: When `@ActiveProfiles` is declared on a test class, the `spring.profiles.active`
-property (whether configured as a JVM system property or environment variable) is not
-taken into account by the TestContext Framework when determining active profiles. If
-you need to allow `spring.profiles.active` to override the profiles configured via
-`@ActiveProfiles`, you can implement a custom `ActiveProfilesResolver` as described in
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/env-profiles.adoc[Context Configuration with Environment Profiles].
-
 See xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/env-profiles.adoc[Context Configuration with Environment Profiles],
 xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit-jupiter-nested-test-configuration[`@Nested` test class configuration], and the
 {spring-framework-api}/test/context/ActiveProfiles.html[`@ActiveProfiles`] javadoc for
@@ -130,21 +130,6 @@ Java::
 	}
 ----
 <1> Replace the bean with type `CustomService` with a Mockito mock.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
-	class BeanOverrideTests {
-
-		@MockitoBean // <1>
-		lateinit var customService: CustomService
-
-		// tests...
-	}
----
-<1> Replace the bean with type `CustomService` with a Mockito mock.
 ======

 In the example above, we are creating a mock for `CustomService`. If more than one bean
@@ -173,22 +158,6 @@ Java::
 	}
 ----
 <1> Replace the bean named `service` with a Mockito mock.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
-	class BeanOverrideTests {
-
-		@MockitoBean("service") // <1>
-		lateinit var customService: CustomService
-
-		// tests...
-
-	}
----
-<1> Replace the bean named `service` with a Mockito mock.
 ======

 The following `@SharedMocks` annotation registers two mocks by-type and one mock by-name.
@@ -208,19 +177,6 @@ Java::
 ----
 <1> Register `OrderService` and `UserService` mocks by-type.
 <2> Register `PrintingService` mock by-name.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Target(AnnotationTarget.CLASS)
-	@Retention(AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME)
-	@MockitoBean(types = [OrderService::class, UserService::class]) // <1>
-	@MockitoBean(name = "ps1", types = [PrintingService::class]) // <2>
-	annotation class SharedMocks
----
-<1> Register `OrderService` and `UserService` mocks by-type.
-<2> Register `PrintingService` mock by-name.
 ======

 The following demonstrates how `@SharedMocks` can be used on a test class.
@@ -251,34 +207,6 @@ Java::
 ----
 <1> Register common mocks via the custom `@SharedMocks` annotation.
 <2> Optionally inject mocks to _stub_ or _verify_ them.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
-	@SharedMocks // <1>
-	class BeanOverrideTests {
-
-		@Autowired
-		lateinit var orderService: OrderService // <2>
-
-		@Autowired
-		lateinit var userService: UserService // <2>
-
-		@Autowired
-		lateinit var ps1: PrintingService // <2>
-
-		// Inject other components that rely on the mocks.
-
-		@Test
-		fun testThatDependsOnMocks() {
-			// ...
-		}
-	}
----
-<1> Register common mocks via the custom `@SharedMocks` annotation.
-<2> Optionally inject mocks to _stub_ or _verify_ them.
 ======

 TIP: The mocks can also be injected into `@Configuration` classes or other test-related
@@ -308,21 +236,6 @@ Java::
 	}
 ----
 <1> Wrap the bean with type `CustomService` with a Mockito spy.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
-	class BeanOverrideTests {
-
-		@MockitoSpyBean // <1>
-		lateinit var customService: CustomService
-
-		// tests...
-	}
----
-<1> Wrap the bean with type `CustomService` with a Mockito spy.
 ======

 In the example above, we are wrapping the bean with type `CustomService`. If more than
@@ -348,21 +261,6 @@ Java::
 	}
 ----
 <1> Wrap the bean named `service` with a Mockito spy.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
-	class BeanOverrideTests {
-
-		@MockitoSpyBean("service") // <1>
-		lateinit var customService: CustomService
-
-		// tests...
-	}
----
-<1> Wrap the bean named `service` with a Mockito spy.
 ======

 The following `@SharedSpies` annotation registers two spies by-type and one spy by-name.
@@ -382,19 +280,6 @@ Java::
 ----
 <1> Register `OrderService` and `UserService` spies by-type.
 <2> Register `PrintingService` spy by-name.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@Target(AnnotationTarget.CLASS)
-	@Retention(AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME)
-	@MockitoSpyBean(types = [OrderService::class, UserService::class]) // <1>
-	@MockitoSpyBean(name = "ps1", types = [PrintingService::class]) // <2>
-	annotation class SharedSpies
----
-<1> Register `OrderService` and `UserService` spies by-type.
-<2> Register `PrintingService` spy by-name.
 ======

 The following demonstrates how `@SharedSpies` can be used on a test class.
@@ -425,34 +310,6 @@ Java::
 ----
 <1> Register common spies via the custom `@SharedSpies` annotation.
 <2> Optionally inject spies to _stub_ or _verify_ them.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
-	@SharedSpies // <1>
-	class BeanOverrideTests {
-
-		@Autowired
-		lateinit var orderService: OrderService // <2>
-
-		@Autowired
-		lateinit var userService: UserService // <2>
-
-		@Autowired
-		lateinit var ps1: PrintingService // <2>
-
-		// Inject other components that rely on the spies.
-
-		@Test
-		fun testThatDependsOnMocks() {
-			// ...
-		}
-	}
----
-<1> Register common spies via the custom `@SharedSpies` annotation.
-<2> Optionally inject spies to _stub_ or _verify_ them.
 ======

 TIP: The spies can also be injected into `@Configuration` classes or other test-related
@@ -73,27 +73,6 @@ Java::
 ----
 <1> Mark a field for overriding the bean with type `CustomService`.
 <2> The result of this static method will be used as the instance and injected into the field.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	class OverrideBeanTests {
-		@TestBean // <1>
-		lateinit var customService: CustomService
-
-		// test case body...
-
-		companion object {
-			@JvmStatic
-			fun customService(): CustomService { // <2>
-				return MyFakeCustomService()
-			}
-		}
-	}
----
-<1> Mark a field for overriding the bean with type `CustomService`.
-<2> The result of this static method will be used as the instance and injected into the field.
 ======

 In the example above, we are overriding the bean with type `CustomService`. If more than
@@ -123,28 +102,6 @@ Java::
 <1> Mark a field for overriding the bean with name `service`, and specify that the
    factory method is named `createCustomService`.
 <2> The result of this static method will be used as the instance and injected into the field.
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
-	class OverrideBeanTests {
-		@TestBean(name = "service", methodName = "createCustomService") // <1>
-		lateinit var customService: CustomService
-
-		// test case body...
-
-		companion object {
-			@JvmStatic
-			fun createCustomService(): CustomService { // <2>
-				return MyFakeCustomService()
-			}
-		}
-	}
----
-<1> Mark a field for overriding the bean with name `service`, and specify that the
-    factory method is named `createCustomService`.
-<2> The result of this static method will be used as the instance and injected into the field.
 ======

 [TIP]
@@ -5,25 +5,24 @@ It is important to be able to perform some integration testing without requiring
 deployment to your application server or connecting to other enterprise infrastructure.
 Doing so lets you test things such as:

-* The correct wiring of your Spring components.
-* Data access using JDBC or an ORM tool.
-  ** This can include such things as the correctness of SQL statements, Hibernate queries,
-     JPA entity mappings, and so forth.
+* The correct wiring of your Spring IoC container contexts.
+* Data access using JDBC or an ORM tool. This can include such things as the correctness
+  of SQL statements, Hibernate queries, JPA entity mappings, and so forth.

 The Spring Framework provides first-class support for integration testing in the
-`spring-test` module. The name of the actual JAR file might include the release version,
-depending on where you get it from (see the
-{spring-framework-wiki}/Spring-Framework-Artifacts[Spring Framework Artifacts] wiki page
-for details). This library includes the `org.springframework.test` package, which
+`spring-test` module. The name of the actual JAR file might include the release version
+and might also be in the long `org.springframework.test` form, depending on where you get
+it from (see the xref:core/beans/dependencies.adoc[section on Dependency Management]
+for an explanation). This library includes the `org.springframework.test` package, which
 contains valuable classes for integration testing with a Spring container. This testing
 does not rely on an application server or other deployment environment. Such tests are
 slower to run than unit tests but much faster than the equivalent Selenium tests or
 remote tests that rely on deployment to an application server.

 Unit and integration testing support is provided in the form of the annotation-driven
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework.adoc[Spring TestContext Framework]. The TestContext
-framework is agnostic of the actual testing framework in use, which allows
-instrumentation of tests in various environments, including JUnit, TestNG, and others.
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework.adoc[Spring TestContext Framework]. The TestContext framework is
+agnostic of the actual testing framework in use, which allows instrumentation of tests
+in various environments, including JUnit, TestNG, and others.

 The following section provides an overview of the high-level goals of Spring's
 integration support, and the rest of this chapter then focuses on dedicated topics:
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ use https://www.gebish.org/[Geb] to make our tests even Groovy-er.
 == Why Geb and MockMvc?

 Geb is backed by WebDriver, so it offers many of the
-xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/webdriver.adoc#mockmvc-server-htmlunit-webdriver-why[same benefits]
-that we get from WebDriver. However, Geb makes things even easier by taking care of some
-of the boilerplate code for us.
+xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/webdriver.adoc#spring-mvc-test-server-htmlunit-webdriver-why[same benefits] that we get from
+WebDriver. However, Geb makes things even easier by taking care of some of the
+boilerplate code for us.

 [[mockmvc-server-htmlunit-geb-setup]]
 == MockMvc and Geb Setup
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ def setup() {
 ----

 NOTE: This is a simple example of using `MockMvcHtmlUnitDriverBuilder`. For more advanced
-usage, see
-xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/webdriver.adoc#mockmvc-server-htmlunit-webdriver-advanced-builder[Advanced `MockMvcHtmlUnitDriverBuilder`].
+usage, see xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/webdriver.adoc#spring-mvc-test-server-htmlunit-webdriver-advanced-builder[Advanced `MockMvcHtmlUnitDriverBuilder`].

 This ensures that any URL referencing `localhost` as the server is directed to our
 `MockMvc` instance without the need for a real HTTP connection. Any other URL is
@@ -63,10 +62,10 @@ forwarded to the current page object. This removes a lot of the boilerplate code
 needed when using WebDriver directly.

 As with direct WebDriver usage, this improves on the design of our
-xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/mah.adoc#mockmvc-server-htmlunit-mah-usage[HtmlUnit test]
-by using the Page Object Pattern. As mentioned previously, we can use the Page Object
-Pattern with HtmlUnit and WebDriver, but it is even easier with Geb. Consider our new
-Groovy-based `CreateMessagePage` implementation:
+xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/mah.adoc#spring-mvc-test-server-htmlunit-mah-usage[HtmlUnit test] by using the Page Object
+Pattern. As mentioned previously, we can use the Page Object Pattern with HtmlUnit and
+WebDriver, but it is even easier with Geb. Consider our new Groovy-based
+`CreateMessagePage` implementation:

 [source,groovy]
 ----
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ to use the raw HtmlUnit libraries.
 [[mockmvc-server-htmlunit-mah-setup]]
 == MockMvc and HtmlUnit Setup

-First, make sure that you have included a test dependency on `org.htmlunit:htmlunit`.
+First, make sure that you have included a test dependency on
+`org.htmlunit:htmlunit`.

 We can easily create an HtmlUnit `WebClient` that integrates with MockMvc by using the
 `MockMvcWebClientBuilder`, as follows:
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ======

 NOTE: This is a simple example of using `MockMvcWebClientBuilder`. For advanced usage,
-see <<mockmvc-server-htmlunit-mah-advanced-builder>>.
+see xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/mah.adoc#spring-mvc-test-server-htmlunit-mah-advanced-builder[Advanced `MockMvcWebClientBuilder`].

 This ensures that any URL that references `localhost` as the server is directed to our
 `MockMvc` instance without the need for a real HTTP connection. Any other URL is
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ======

 NOTE: The default context path is `""`. Alternatively, we can specify the context path,
-as described in <<mockmvc-server-htmlunit-mah-advanced-builder>>.
+as described in xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/mah.adoc#spring-mvc-test-server-htmlunit-mah-advanced-builder[Advanced `MockMvcWebClientBuilder`].

 Once we have a reference to the `HtmlPage`, we can then fill out the form and submit it
 to create a message, as the following example shows:
@@ -143,10 +144,10 @@ Kotlin::
 ======

 The preceding code improves on our
-xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/why.adoc#mockmvc-server-htmlunit-why[MockMvc test] in a
-number of ways. First, we no longer have to explicitly verify our form and then create a
-request that looks like the form. Instead, we request the form, fill it out, and submit
-it, thereby significantly reducing the overhead.
+xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/why.adoc#spring-mvc-test-server-htmlunit-mock-mvc-test[MockMvc test] in a number of ways.
+First, we no longer have to explicitly verify our form and then create a request that
+looks like the form. Instead, we request the form, fill it out, and submit it, thereby
+significantly reducing the overhead.

 Another important factor is that https://htmlunit.sourceforge.io/javascript.html[HtmlUnit
 uses the Mozilla Rhino engine] to evaluate JavaScript. This means that we can also test
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ======

 NOTE: This is a simple example of using `MockMvcHtmlUnitDriverBuilder`. For more advanced
-usage, see <<mockmvc-server-htmlunit-webdriver-advanced-builder>>.
+usage, see xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/webdriver.adoc#spring-mvc-test-server-htmlunit-webdriver-advanced-builder[Advanced `MockMvcHtmlUnitDriverBuilder`].

 The preceding example ensures that any URL that references `localhost` as the server is
 directed to our `MockMvc` instance without the need for a real HTTP connection. Any other
@@ -259,11 +259,10 @@ Kotlin::
 ======
 --

-This improves on the design of our
-xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/mah.adoc#mockmvc-server-htmlunit-mah-usage[HtmlUnit test]
+This improves on the design of our xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/mah.adoc#spring-mvc-test-server-htmlunit-mah-usage[HtmlUnit test]
 by leveraging the Page Object Pattern. As we mentioned in
-<<mockmvc-server-htmlunit-webdriver-why>>, we can use the Page Object Pattern with
-HtmlUnit, but it is much easier with WebDriver. Consider the following
+xref:testing/mockmvc/htmlunit/webdriver.adoc#mockmvc-server-htmlunit-webdriver-why[Why WebDriver and MockMvc?], we can use the Page Object Pattern
+with HtmlUnit, but it is much easier with WebDriver. Consider the following
 `CreateMessagePage` implementation:

 --
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ assume our form looks like the following snippet:
 	</form>
 ----

-How do we ensure that our form produces the correct request to create a new message? A
+How do we ensure that our form produce the correct request to create a new message? A
 naive attempt might resemble the following:

 [tabs]
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ validation.
 [[mockmvc-server-htmlunit-why-integration]]
 == Integration Testing to the Rescue?

-To resolve the issues mentioned above, we could perform end-to-end integration testing,
+To resolve the issues mentioned earlier, we could perform end-to-end integration testing,
 but this has some drawbacks. Consider testing the view that lets us page through the
 messages. We might need the following tests:

@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ leads to a number of additional challenges:
 * Testing can become slow, since each test would need to ensure that the database is in
  the correct state.
 * Since our database needs to be in a specific state, we cannot run tests in parallel.
-* Performing assertions on items such as auto-generated IDs, timestamps, and others can
+* Performing assertions on such items as auto-generated IDs, timestamps, and others can
  be difficult.

 These challenges do not mean that we should abandon end-to-end integration testing
@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@ meta-annotation. If a bootstrapper is not explicitly configured by using
 `WebTestContextBootstrapper` is used, depending on the presence of `@WebAppConfiguration`.

 Since the `TestContextBootstrapper` SPI is likely to change in the future (to accommodate
-new requirements), we strongly encourage implementors not to implement this interface
+new requirements), we strongly encourage implementers not to implement this interface
 directly but rather to extend `AbstractTestContextBootstrapper` or one of its concrete
 subclasses instead.
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ Kotlin::
 <1> Injecting the `ApplicationContext`.
 ======

+
 Similarly, if your test is configured to load a `WebApplicationContext`, you can inject
 the web application context into your test, as follows:

@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ Kotlin::
 <2> Injecting the `WebApplicationContext`.
 ======

+
 Dependency injection by using `@Autowired` is provided by the
 `DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener`, which is configured by default
 (see xref:testing/testcontext-framework/fixture-di.adoc[Dependency Injection of Test Fixtures]).
@@ -94,23 +96,22 @@ Dependency injection by using `@Autowired` is provided by the
 Test classes that use the TestContext framework do not need to extend any particular
 class or implement a specific interface to configure their application context. Instead,
 configuration is achieved by declaring the `@ContextConfiguration` annotation at the
-class level. If your test class does not explicitly declare component classes or resource
-locations, the configured `ContextLoader` determines how to load a context from _default_
-configuration classes or a _default_ location. In addition to component classes and
-context resource locations, an application context can also be configured through
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/context-customizers.adoc[context customizers]
-or xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/initializers.adoc[context initializers].
+class level. If your test class does not explicitly declare application context resource
+locations or component classes, the configured `ContextLoader` determines how to load a
+context from a default location or default configuration classes. In addition to context
+resource locations and component classes, an application context can also be configured
+through application context initializers.

-The following sections explain how to use `@ContextConfiguration` and related annotations
-to configure a test `ApplicationContext` by using component classes (typically
-`@Configuration` classes), XML configuration files, Groovy scripts, context customizers,
-or context initializers. Alternatively, you can implement and configure your own custom
-`SmartContextLoader` for advanced use cases.
+The following sections explain how to use Spring's `@ContextConfiguration` annotation to
+configure a test `ApplicationContext` by using XML configuration files, Groovy scripts,
+component classes (typically `@Configuration` classes), or context initializers.
+Alternatively, you can implement and configure your own custom `SmartContextLoader` for
+advanced use cases.

-* xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/javaconfig.adoc[Context Configuration with Component Classes]
 * xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/xml.adoc[Context Configuration with XML resources]
 * xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/groovy.adoc[Context Configuration with Groovy Scripts]
-* xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/mixed-config.adoc[Mixing Component Classes, XML, and Groovy Scripts]
+* xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/javaconfig.adoc[Context Configuration with Component Classes]
+* xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/mixed-config.adoc[Mixing XML, Groovy Scripts, and Component Classes]
 * xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/context-customizers.adoc[Context Configuration with Context Customizers]
 * xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/initializers.adoc[Context Configuration with Context Initializers]
 * xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/inheritance.adoc[Context Configuration Inheritance]
@@ -543,85 +543,3 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======

-The following example demonstrates how to implement and register a custom
-`SystemPropertyOverrideActiveProfilesResolver` that allows the `spring.profiles.active`
-property (when configured as a JVM system property) to override profiles configured via
-`@ActiveProfiles`:
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary"]
----
-	// profiles resolved programmatically via a custom resolver that
-	// allows "spring.profiles.active" to override @ActiveProfiles
-	@ActiveProfiles(
-			resolver = SystemPropertyOverrideActiveProfilesResolver.class,
-			inheritProfiles = false)
-	class TransferServiceTest extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
-		// test body
-	}
----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary"]
----
-	// profiles resolved programmatically via a custom resolver that
-	// allows "spring.profiles.active" to override @ActiveProfiles
-	@ActiveProfiles(
-			resolver = SystemPropertyOverrideActiveProfilesResolver::class,
-			inheritProfiles = false)
-	class TransferServiceTest : AbstractIntegrationTest() {
-		// test body
-	}
----
-======
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="primary",fold="-imports"]
----
-	import org.springframework.core.env.AbstractEnvironment;
-	import org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultActiveProfilesResolver;
-	import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
-
-	public class SystemPropertyOverrideActiveProfilesResolver extends DefaultActiveProfilesResolver {
-
-		@Override
-		public String[] resolve(Class<?> testClass) {
-			String profiles = System.getProperty(AbstractEnvironment.ACTIVE_PROFILES_PROPERTY_NAME);
-			if (StringUtils.hasText(profiles)) {
-				return StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(
-						StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(profiles));
-			}
-			return super.resolve(testClass);
-		}
-	}
----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",role="secondary",fold="-imports"]
----
-	import org.springframework.core.env.AbstractEnvironment
-	import org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultActiveProfilesResolver
-	import org.springframework.util.StringUtils
-
-	class SystemPropertyOverrideActiveProfilesResolver : DefaultActiveProfilesResolver() {
-
-		override fun resolve(testClass: Class<*>): Array<String> {
-			val profiles = System.getProperty(AbstractEnvironment.ACTIVE_PROFILES_PROPERTY_NAME)
-			if (StringUtils.hasText(profiles)) {
-				return StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(
-					StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(profiles)
-				)
-			}
-			return super.resolve(testClass)
-		}
-	}
----
-======
@@ -1,32 +1,33 @@
 [[testcontext-ctx-management-mixed-config]]
-= Mixing Component Classes, XML, and Groovy Scripts
+= Mixing XML, Groovy Scripts, and Component Classes

-It may sometimes be desirable to mix component classes (typically `@Configuration`
-classes), XML configuration files, or Groovy scripts to configure an `ApplicationContext`
-for your tests. For example, if you use XML configuration in production for legacy
-reasons, you may decide that you want to use `@Configuration` classes to configure
+It may sometimes be desirable to mix XML configuration files, Groovy scripts, and
+component classes (typically `@Configuration` classes) to configure an
+`ApplicationContext` for your tests. For example, if you use XML configuration in
+production, you may decide that you want to use `@Configuration` classes to configure
 specific Spring-managed components for your tests, or vice versa.

 Furthermore, some third-party frameworks (such as Spring Boot) provide first-class
 support for loading an `ApplicationContext` from different types of resources
-simultaneously (for example, `@Configuration` classes, XML configuration files, and
-Groovy scripts). The Spring Framework, historically, has not supported this for standard
-deployments. Consequently, most of the `SmartContextLoader` implementations that the
-Spring Framework delivers in the `spring-test` module support only one resource type for
-each test context. However, this does not mean that you cannot use a mixture of resource
-types. One exception to the general rule is that the `GenericGroovyXmlContextLoader` and
+simultaneously (for example, XML configuration files, Groovy scripts, and
+`@Configuration` classes). The Spring Framework, historically, has not supported this for
+standard deployments. Consequently, most of the `SmartContextLoader` implementations that
+the Spring Framework delivers in the `spring-test` module support only one resource type
+for each test context. However, this does not mean that you cannot use both. One
+exception to the general rule is that the `GenericGroovyXmlContextLoader` and
 `GenericGroovyXmlWebContextLoader` support both XML configuration files and Groovy
 scripts simultaneously. Furthermore, third-party frameworks may choose to support the
-declaration of both `classes` and `locations` through `@ContextConfiguration`, and, with
+declaration of both `locations` and `classes` through `@ContextConfiguration`, and, with
 the standard testing support in the TestContext framework, you have the following options.

-If you want to use `@Configuration` classes and resource locations (for example, XML or
-Groovy) to configure your tests, you must pick one as the entry point, and that one must
-import or include the other. For example, in a `@Configuration` class, you can use
-`@ImportResource` to import XML configuration files or Groovy scripts; whereas, in XML or
-Groovy scripts, you can include `@Configuration` classes by using component scanning or
-defining them as normal Spring beans. Note that this behavior is semantically equivalent
+If you want to use resource locations (for example, XML or Groovy) and `@Configuration`
+classes to configure your tests, you must pick one as the entry point, and that one must
+include or import the other. For example, in XML or Groovy scripts, you can include
+`@Configuration` classes by using component scanning or defining them as normal Spring
+beans, whereas, in a `@Configuration` class, you can use `@ImportResource` to import XML
+configuration files or Groovy scripts. Note that this behavior is semantically equivalent
 to how you configure your application in production: In production configuration, you
-define either a set of `@Configuration` classes or a set of XML or Groovy resource
-locations from which your production `ApplicationContext` is loaded, but you still have
-the freedom to import or include the other type of configuration.
+define either a set of XML or Groovy resource locations or a set of `@Configuration`
+classes from which your production `ApplicationContext` is loaded, but you still have the
+freedom to include or import the other type of configuration.
+
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ TestNG:
 * Dependency injection for test constructors, test methods, and test lifecycle callback
  methods. See xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit-jupiter-di[Dependency
  Injection with the `SpringExtension`] for further details.
-* Powerful support for link:https://docs.junit.org/current/extensions/conditional-test-execution.html[conditional
+* Powerful support for link:https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#extensions-conditions[conditional
  test execution] based on SpEL expressions, environment variables, system properties,
  and so on. See the documentation for `@EnabledIf` and `@DisabledIf` in
  xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc[Spring JUnit Jupiter Testing Annotations]
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ for further details.
 === Dependency Injection with the `SpringExtension`

 The `SpringExtension` implements the
-link:https://docs.junit.org/current/extensions/parameter-resolution.html[`ParameterResolver`]
+link:https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#extensions-parameter-resolution[`ParameterResolver`]
 extension API from JUnit Jupiter, which lets Spring provide dependency injection for test
 constructors, test methods, and test lifecycle callback methods.

@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ of `PlatformTransactionManager` within the test's `ApplicationContext`, you can
 qualifier by using `@Transactional("myTxMgr")` or `@Transactional(transactionManager =
 "myTxMgr")`, or `TransactionManagementConfigurer` can be implemented by an
 `@Configuration` class. Consult the
-{spring-framework-api}/test/context/transaction/TestContextTransactionUtils.html#retrieveTransactionManager(org.springframework.test.context.TestContext,java.lang.String)[javadoc
+{spring-framework-api}/test/context/transaction/TestContextTransactionUtils.html#retrieveTransactionManager-org.springframework.test.context.TestContext-java.lang.String-[javadoc
 for `TestContextTransactionUtils.retrieveTransactionManager()`] for details on the
 algorithm used to look up a transaction manager in the test's `ApplicationContext`.

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ infrastructure and controller declarations and use it to handle requests via moc
 and response objects, without a running server.

 For WebFlux, use the following where the Spring `ApplicationContext` is passed to
-{spring-framework-api}/web/server/adapter/WebHttpHandlerBuilder.html#applicationContext(org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext)[WebHttpHandlerBuilder]
+{spring-framework-api}/web/server/adapter/WebHttpHandlerBuilder.html#applicationContext-org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext-[WebHttpHandlerBuilder]
 to create the xref:web/webflux/reactive-spring.adoc#webflux-web-handler-api[WebHandler chain] to handle
 requests:

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ rejected. No CORS headers are added to the responses of simple and actual CORS r
 and, consequently, browsers reject them.

 Each `HandlerMapping` can be
-{spring-framework-api}/web/reactive/handler/AbstractHandlerMapping.html#setCorsConfigurations(java.util.Map)[configured]
+{spring-framework-api}/web/reactive/handler/AbstractHandlerMapping.html#setCorsConfigurations-java.util.Map-[configured]
 individually with URL pattern-based `CorsConfiguration` mappings. In most cases, applications
 use the WebFlux Java configuration to declare such mappings, which results in a single,
 global map passed to all `HandlerMapping` implementations.
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class- or method-level `@CrossOrigin` annotations (other handlers can implement
 The rules for combining global and local configuration are generally additive -- for example,
 all global and all local origins. For those attributes where only a single value can be
 accepted, such as `allowCredentials` and `maxAge`, the local overrides the global value. See
-{spring-framework-api}/web/cors/CorsConfiguration.html#combine(org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration)[`CorsConfiguration#combine(CorsConfiguration)`]
+{spring-framework-api}/web/cors/CorsConfiguration.html#combine-org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration-[`CorsConfiguration#combine(CorsConfiguration)`]
 for more details.

 [TIP]
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	@GetMapping
 	FragmentsRendering handle() {
-		return FragmentsRendering.fragment("posts").fragment("comments").build();
+		return FragmentsRendering.with("posts").fragment("comments").build();
 	}
 ----

@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 	@GetMapping
 	fun handle(): FragmentsRendering {
-		return FragmentsRendering.fragment("posts").fragment("comments").build()
+		return FragmentsRendering.with("posts").fragment("comments").build()
 	}
 ----
 ======
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ any `@RequestMapping` method to render an RFC 9457 response. This is processed a
 - The `status` property of `ProblemDetail` determines the HTTP status.
 - The `instance` property of `ProblemDetail` is set from the current URL path, if not
 already set.
- The Jackson JSON and XML message converters use "application/problem+json" or
-"application/problem+xml" respectively as the producible media types for `ProblemDetail`
-to ensure they are favored for content negotiation.
+- For content negotiation, the Jackson `HttpMessageConverter` prefers
+"application/problem+json" over "application/json" when rendering a `ProblemDetail`,
+and also falls back on it if no compatible media type is found.

 To enable RFC 9457 responses for Spring WebFlux exceptions and for any
 `ErrorResponseException`, extend `ResponseEntityExceptionHandler` and declare it as an
@@ -251,8 +251,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ======

 TIP: If you need to have a `LocalValidatorFactoryBean` injected somewhere, create a bean and
-mark it with `@Primary`, or mark the one declared in the MVC config with `@Fallback`, in
-order to avoid conflict.
+mark it with `@Primary` in order to avoid conflict with the one declared in the MVC config.


 [[webflux-config-content-negotiation]]
@@ -114,6 +114,6 @@ and others) and is equivalent to `required=false`.
 | Any other argument
 | If a method argument is not matched to any of the above, it is, by default, resolved as
  a `@RequestParam` if it is a simple type, as determined by
-  {spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty],
+  {spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty],
  or as a `@ModelAttribute`, otherwise.
 |===
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ controller method xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-validation.adoc[Validation]

 TIP: Using `@ModelAttribute` is optional. By default, any argument that is not a simple
 value type as determined by
-{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty]
+{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty]
 _AND_ that is not resolved by any other argument resolver is treated as an implicit `@ModelAttribute`.

 WARNING: When compiling to a native image with GraalVM, the implicit `@ModelAttribute`
@@ -74,6 +74,6 @@ When a `@RequestParam` annotation is declared on a `Map<String, String>` or

 Note that use of `@RequestParam` is optional -- for example, to set its attributes. By
 default, any argument that is a simple value type (as determined by
-{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty])
+{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty])
 and is not resolved by any other argument resolver is treated as if it were annotated
 with `@RequestParam`.
@@ -87,6 +87,6 @@ Reactor provides a dedicated operator for that, `Flux#collectList()`.
 | Other return values
 | If a return value remains unresolved in any other way, it is treated as a model
  attribute, unless it is a simple type as determined by
-  {spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty],
+  {spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty],
  in which case it remains unresolved.
 |===
@@ -89,7 +89,40 @@ Kotlin::

 You can map requests by using glob patterns and wildcards:

-include::partial$web/uri-patterns.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
+[cols="2,3,5"]
+|===
+|Pattern |Description |Example
+
+| `+?+`
+| Matches one character
+| `+"/pages/t?st.html"+` matches `+"/pages/test.html"+` and `+"/pages/t3st.html"+`
+
+| `+*+`
+| Matches zero or more characters within a path segment
+| `+"/resources/*.png"+` matches `+"/resources/file.png"+`
+
+`+"/projects/*/versions"+` matches `+"/projects/spring/versions"+` but does not match `+"/projects/spring/boot/versions"+`
+
+| `+**+`
+| Matches zero or more path segments until the end of the path
+| `+"/resources/**"+` matches `+"/resources/file.png"+` and `+"/resources/images/file.png"+`
+
+`+"/resources/**/file.png"+` is invalid as `+**+` is only allowed at the end of the path.
+
+| `+{name}+`
+| Matches a path segment and captures it as a variable named "name"
+| `+"/projects/{project}/versions"+` matches `+"/projects/spring/versions"+` and captures `+project=spring+`
+`+"/projects/{project}/versions"+` does not match `+"/projects/spring/framework/versions"+` as it captures a single path segment.
+
+| `{name:[a-z]+}`
+| Matches the regexp `[a-z]+` as a path variable named "name"
+| `/projects/{project:[a-z]+}/versions` matches `/projects/spring/versions` but not `/projects/spring1/versions`
+
+| `+{*path}+`
+| Matches zero or more path segments until the end of the path and captures it as a variable named "path"
+| `+"/resources/{*file}"+` matches `+"/resources/images/file.png"+` and captures `+file=/images/file.png+`
+
+|===

 Captured URI variables can be accessed with `@PathVariable`, as the following example shows:

@@ -7,23 +7,19 @@ Spring WebFlux has built-in xref:core/validation/validator.adoc[Validation] for
 `@RequestMapping` methods, including xref:core/validation/beanvalidation.adoc[Java Bean Validation].
 Validation may be applied at one of two levels:

-1. Java Bean Validation is applied individually to an
-xref:web/webflux/controller/ann-methods/modelattrib-method-args.adoc[@ModelAttribute],
+1. xref:web/webflux/controller/ann-methods/modelattrib-method-args.adoc[@ModelAttribute],
 xref:web/webflux/controller/ann-methods/requestbody.adoc[@RequestBody], and
-xref:web/webflux/controller/ann-methods/multipart-forms.adoc[@RequestPart] method parameter
-annotated with `@jakarta.validation.Valid` or Spring's `@Validated` so long as
-it is a command object rather than a container such as `Map` or `Collection`, it does not
-have `Errors` or `BindingResult` immediately after in the method signature, and does not
-otherwise require method validation (see next). `WebExchangeBindException` is the
-exception raised when validating a method parameter individually.
+xref:web/webflux/controller/ann-methods/multipart-forms.adoc[@RequestPart] argument
+resolvers validate a method argument individually if the method parameter is annotated
+with Jakarta `@Valid` or Spring's `@Validated`, _AND_ there is no `Errors` or
+`BindingResult` parameter immediately after, _AND_ method validation is not needed (to be
+discussed next). The exception raised in this case is `WebExchangeBindException`.

-2. Java Bean Validation is applied to the method when `@Constraint` annotations such as
-`@Min`, `@NotBlank` and others are declared directly on method parameters, or on the
-method for the return value, and it supersedes any validation that would be applied
-otherwise to a method parameter individually because method validation covers both
-method parameter constraints and nested constraints via `@Valid`.
-`HandlerMethodValidationException` is the exception raised validation is applied
-to the method.
+2. When `@Constraint` annotations such as `@Min`, `@NotBlank` and others are declared
+directly on method parameters, or on the method (for the return value), then method
+validation must be applied, and that supersedes validation at the method argument level
+because method validation covers both method parameter constraints and nested constraints
+via `@Valid`. The exception raised in this case is `HandlerMethodValidationException`.

 Applications must handle both `WebExchangeBindException` and
 `HandlerMethodValidationException` as either may be raised depending on the controller
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ was not provided (for example, model attribute was returned) or an async return
 view resolution scenarios. Explore the options in your IDE with code completion.
 * `Model`, `Map`: Extra model attributes to be added to the model for the request.
 * Any other: Any other return value (except for simple types, as determined by
-{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty])
+{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty])
 is treated as a model attribute to be added to the model. The attribute name is derived
 from the class name by using {spring-framework-api}/core/Conventions.html[conventions],
 unless a handler method `@ModelAttribute` annotation is present.
@@ -418,23 +418,16 @@ See the section on xref:web/webflux-cors.adoc[CORS] and the xref:web/webflux-cor
 You may want your controller endpoints to match routes with or without a trailing slash in the URL path.
 For example, both "GET /home" and "GET /home/" should be handled by a controller method annotated with `@GetMapping("/home")`.

-Spring provides `UrlHandlerFilter` that removes the trailing slash from URL paths to ensure a consistent view of paths with or without a trailing slash.
-This is important to avoid a mismatch between URL-based authorization decisions and web framework request mappings.
-The filter can remove the trailing slash in one of a couple of ways:
+Adding trailing slash variants to all mapping declarations is not the best way to handle this use case.
+The `UrlHandlerFilter` web filter has been designed for this purpose. It can be configured to:

-* respond with an HTTP redirect status that sends clients to the same path without a trailing slash.
-* mutate the request to remove the trailing slash.
+* respond with an HTTP redirect status when receiving URLs with trailing slashes, sending browsers to the non-trailing slash URL variant.
+* mutate the request to act as if the request was sent without a trailing slash and continue the processing of the request.

 Here is how you can instantiate and configure a `UrlHandlerFilter` for a blog application:

 include-code::./UrlHandlerFilterConfiguration[tag=config,indent=0]

-Keep in mind the following:
-
- the root path `"/"` is excluded from trailing slash handling.
- `@RequestMapping("/")` adds a trailing slash to a type-level mapping, and therefore will
-not map when trailing slash handling applies; use `@RequestMapping` (no path attribute) instead.
-

 [[webflux-exception-handler]]
 == Exceptions
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ rejected. No CORS headers are added to the responses of simple and actual CORS r
 and, consequently, browsers reject them.

 Each `HandlerMapping` can be
-{spring-framework-api}/web/servlet/handler/AbstractHandlerMapping.html#setCorsConfigurations(java.util.Map)[configured]
+{spring-framework-api}/web/servlet/handler/AbstractHandlerMapping.html#setCorsConfigurations-java.util.Map-[configured]
 individually with URL pattern-based `CorsConfiguration` mappings. In most cases, applications
 use the MVC Java configuration or the XML namespace to declare such mappings, which results
 in a single global map being passed to all `HandlerMapping` instances.
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class- or method-level `@CrossOrigin` annotations (other handlers can implement
 The rules for combining global and local configuration are generally additive -- for example,
 all global and all local origins. For those attributes where only a single value can be
 accepted, for example, `allowCredentials` and `maxAge`, the local overrides the global value. See
-{spring-framework-api}/web/cors/CorsConfiguration.html#combine(org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration)[`CorsConfiguration#combine(CorsConfiguration)`]
+{spring-framework-api}/web/cors/CorsConfiguration.html#combine-org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration-[`CorsConfiguration#combine(CorsConfiguration)`]
 for more details.

 [TIP]
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	@GetMapping
 	FragmentsRendering handle() {
-		return FragmentsRendering.fragment("posts").fragment("comments").build();
+		return FragmentsRendering.with("posts").fragment("comments").build();
 	}
 ----

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 	@GetMapping
 	fun handle(): FragmentsRendering {
-		return FragmentsRendering.fragment("posts").fragment("comments").build()
+		return FragmentsRendering.with("posts").fragment("comments").build()
 	}
 ----
 ======
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ The parameters to any of the above macros have consistent meanings:
  For strictly sorted maps, you can use a `SortedMap` (such as a `TreeMap`) with a
  suitable `Comparator` and, for arbitrary Maps that should return values in insertion
  order, use a `LinkedHashMap` or a `LinkedMap` from `commons-collections`.
-* `separator`: Where multiple options are available as discrete elements (radio buttons
+* `separator`: Where multiple options are available as discreet elements (radio buttons
  or checkboxes), the sequence of characters used to separate each one in the list
  (such as `<br>`).
 * `attributes`: An additional string of arbitrary tags or text to be included within
@@ -3,10 +3,7 @@

 [.small]#xref:web/webflux/reactive-spring.adoc#webflux-filters[See equivalent in the Reactive stack]#

-In the Servlet API, you can add a `jakarta.servlet.Filter` to apply interception-style logic
-before and after the rest of the processing chain of filters and the target `Servlet`.
-
-The `spring-web` module has a number of built-in `Filter` implementations:
+The `spring-web` module provides some useful filters:

 * xref:web/webmvc/filters.adoc#filters-http-put[Form Data]
 * xref:web/webmvc/filters.adoc#filters-forwarded-headers[Forwarded Headers]
@@ -14,19 +11,9 @@ The `spring-web` module has a number of built-in `Filter` implementations:
 * xref:web/webmvc/filters.adoc#filters-cors[CORS]
 * xref:web/webmvc/filters.adoc#filters.url-handler[URL Handler]

-There are also base class implementations for use in Spring applications:
-
-* `GenericFilterBean` -- base class for a `Filter` configured as a Spring bean;
-integrates with the Spring `ApplicationContext` lifecycle.
-* `OncePerRequestFilter` -- extension of `GenericFilterBean` that supports a single
-invocation at the start of a request, i.e. during the `REQUEST` dispatch phase, and
-ignoring further handling via `FORWARD` dispatches. The filter also provides control
-over whether the `Filter` gets involved in `ASYNC` and `ERROR` dispatches.
-
-Servlet filters can be configured in `web.xml` or via Servlet annotations.
-In a Spring Boot application , you can
-{spring-boot-docs}/how-to/webserver.html#howto.webserver.add-servlet-filter-listener.spring-bean[declare Filter's as beans]
-and Boot will have them configured.
+Servlet filters can be configured in the `web.xml` configuration file or using Servlet annotations.
+If you are using Spring Boot, you can
+{spring-boot-docs}/how-to/webserver.html#howto.webserver.add-servlet-filter-listener.spring-bean[declare them as beans and configure them as part of your application].


 [[filters-http-put]]
@@ -120,26 +107,17 @@ See the sections on xref:web/webmvc-cors.adoc[CORS] and the xref:web/webmvc-cors
 == URL Handler
 [.small]#xref:web/webflux/reactive-spring.adoc#filters.url-handler[See equivalent in the Reactive stack]#

-You may want your controller endpoints to match routes with or without a trailing slash in the URL path.
-For example, both "GET /home" and "GET /home/" should be handled by a controller method annotated with `@GetMapping("/home")`.
+In previous Spring Framework versions, Spring MVC could be configured to ignore trailing slashes in URL paths
+when mapping incoming requests on controller methods. This could be done by enabling the `setUseTrailingSlashMatch`
+option on the `PathMatchConfigurer`. This means that sending a "GET /home/" request would be handled by a controller
+method annotated with `@GetMapping("/home")`.

-Spring provides `UrlHandlerFilter` that removes the trailing slash from URL paths to ensure a consistent view of paths with or without a trailing slash.
-This is important to avoid a mismatch between URL-based authorization decisions and web framework request mappings.
-The filter can remove the trailing slash in one of a couple of ways:
+This option has been retired, but applications are still expected to handle such requests in a safe way.
+The `UrlHandlerFilter` Servlet filter has been designed for this purpose. It can be configured to:

-* respond with an HTTP redirect status that sends clients to the same path without a trailing slash.
-* wrap the request to remove the trailing slash.
-
-NOTE: Historically Spring MVC supported trailing slash matching of URL paths.
-This capability was deprecated in 6.0 for security reasons and removed in 7.0 with
-`UrlHandlerFilter` providing a safer alternative.
+* respond with an HTTP redirect status when receiving URLs with trailing slashes, sending browsers to the non-trailing slash URL variant.
+* wrap the request to act as if the request was sent without a trailing slash and continue the processing of the request.

 Here is how you can instantiate and configure a `UrlHandlerFilter` for a blog application:

 include-code::./UrlHandlerFilterConfiguration[tag=config,indent=0]
-
-Keep in mind the following:
-
- the root path `"/"` is excluded from trailing slash handling.
- `@RequestMapping("/")` adds a trailing slash to a type-level mapping, and therefore will
-not map when trailing slash handling applies; use `@RequestMapping` (no path attribute) instead.
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ reactive types from the controller method.
 Reactive return values are handled as follows:

 * A single-value promise is adapted to, similar to using `DeferredResult`. Examples
-include `CompletionStage` (JDK), `Mono` (Reactor), and `Single` (RxJava).
+include `CompletionStage` (JDK), Mono` (Reactor), and `Single` (RxJava).
 * A multi-value stream with a streaming media type (such as `application/x-ndjson`
 or `text/event-stream`) is adapted to, similar to using `ResponseBodyEmitter` or
 `SseEmitter`. Examples include `Flux` (Reactor) or `Observable` (RxJava).
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ any `@RequestMapping` method to render an RFC 9457 response. This is processed a
 - The `status` property of `ProblemDetail` determines the HTTP status.
 - The `instance` property of `ProblemDetail` is set from the current URL path, if not
 already set.
- The Jackson JSON and XML codecs use "application/problem+json" or
-"application/problem+xml" respectively as the producible media types for `ProblemDetail`
-to ensure they are favored for content negotiation.
+- For content negotiation, the Jackson `HttpMessageConverter` prefers
+"application/problem+json" over "application/json" when rendering a `ProblemDetail`,
+and also falls back on it if no compatible media type is found.

 To enable RFC 9457 responses for Spring MVC exceptions and for any
 `ErrorResponseException`, extend `ResponseEntityExceptionHandler` and declare it as an
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ Message codes and arguments for each error are also resolved via `MessageSource`

 | `TypeMismatchException`
 | (default)
-| `+{0}+` property name, `+{1}+` property value, `+{2}+` simple name of required type
+| `+{0}+` property name, `+{1}+` property value

 | `UnsatisfiedServletRequestParameterException`
 | (default)
@@ -19,5 +19,4 @@ example shows:
 include-code::./MyController[tag=snippet,indent=0]

 TIP: If you need to have a `LocalValidatorFactoryBean` injected somewhere, create a bean and
-mark it with `@Primary`, or mark the one declared in the MVC configuration with
-`@Fallback`, in order to avoid conflict.
+mark it with `@Primary` in order to avoid conflict with the one declared in the MVC configuration.
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ the content negotiation during the error handling phase will decide which conten
 | `View`
 | A `View` instance to use for rendering together with the implicit model -- determined
  through command objects and `@ModelAttribute` methods. The handler method may also
-  programmatically enrich the model by declaring a `Model` argument (described earlier).
+  programmatically enrich the model by declaring a `Model` argument (descried earlier).

 | `java.util.Map`, `org.springframework.ui.Model`
 | Attributes to be added to the implicit model with the view name implicitly determined
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ the content negotiation during the error handling phase will decide which conten

 | Any other return value
 | If a return value is not matched to any of the above and is not a simple type (as determined by
-  {spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty]),
+  {spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty]),
  by default, it is treated as a model attribute to be added to the model. If it is a simple type,
  it remains unresolved.
 |===
@@ -135,6 +135,6 @@ and others) and is equivalent to `required=false`.
 | Any other argument
 | If a method argument is not matched to any of the earlier values in this table and it is
  a simple type (as determined by
-	{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty]),
+	{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty]),
  it is resolved as a `@RequestParam`. Otherwise, it is resolved as a `@ModelAttribute`.
 |===
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-validation.adoc[Validation].

 TIP: Using `@ModelAttribute` is optional. By default, any parameter that is not a simple
 value type as determined by
-{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty]
+{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty]
 _AND_ that is not resolved by any other argument resolver is treated as an implicit `@ModelAttribute`.

 WARNING: When compiling to a native image with GraalVM, the implicit `@ModelAttribute`
@@ -117,6 +117,6 @@ Kotlin::

 Note that use of `@RequestParam` is optional (for example, to set its attributes).
 By default, any argument that is a simple value type (as determined by
-{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty])
+{spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty])
 and is not resolved by any other argument resolver, is treated as if it were annotated
 with `@RequestParam`.
@@ -98,6 +98,6 @@ supported for all return values.
 | Other return values
 | If a return value remains unresolved in any other way, it is treated as a model
  attribute, unless it is a simple type as determined by
-  {spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty(java.lang.Class)[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty],
+  {spring-framework-api}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty],
  in which case it remains unresolved.
 |===
@@ -103,9 +103,22 @@ Spring WebFlux. It was enabled for use in Spring MVC from version 5.3 and is ena
 default from version 6.0. See xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/path-matching.adoc[MVC config] for
 customizations of path matching options.

-You can map requests by using glob patterns and wildcards:
+`PathPattern` supports the same pattern syntax as `AntPathMatcher`. In addition, it also
+supports the capturing pattern, for example, `+{*spring}+`, for matching 0 or more path segments
+at the end of a path. `PathPattern` also restricts the use of `+**+` for matching multiple
+path segments such that it's only allowed at the end of a pattern. This eliminates many
+cases of ambiguity when choosing the best matching pattern for a given request.
+For full pattern syntax please refer to
+{spring-framework-api}/web/util/pattern/PathPattern.html[PathPattern] and
+{spring-framework-api}/util/AntPathMatcher.html[AntPathMatcher].

-include::partial$web/uri-patterns.adoc[leveloffset=+1]
+Some example patterns:
+
+* `+"/resources/ima?e.png"+` - match one character in a path segment
+* `+"/resources/*.png"+` - match zero or more characters in a path segment
+* `+"/resources/**"+` - match multiple path segments
+* `+"/projects/{project}/versions"+` - match a path segment and capture it as a variable
+* `++"/projects/{project:[a-z]+}/versions"++` - match and capture a variable with a regex

 Captured URI variables can be accessed with `@PathVariable`. For example:

@@ -221,7 +234,7 @@ When multiple patterns match a URL, the best match must be selected. This is don
 one of the following depending on whether use of parsed `PathPattern` is enabled for use or not:

 * {spring-framework-api}/web/util/pattern/PathPattern.html#SPECIFICITY_COMPARATOR[`PathPattern.SPECIFICITY_COMPARATOR`]
-* {spring-framework-api}/util/AntPathMatcher.html#getPatternComparator(java.lang.String)[`AntPathMatcher.getPatternComparator(String path)`]
+* {spring-framework-api}/util/AntPathMatcher.html#getPatternComparator-java.lang.String-[`AntPathMatcher.getPatternComparator(String path)`]

 Both help to sort patterns with more specific ones on top. A pattern is more specific if
 it has a lower count of URI variables (counted as 1), single wildcards (counted as 1),
@@ -7,26 +7,22 @@ Spring MVC has built-in xref:core/validation/validator.adoc[validation] for
 `@RequestMapping` methods, including xref:core/validation/beanvalidation.adoc[Java Bean Validation].
 Validation may be applied at one of two levels:

-1. Java Bean Validation is applied individually to an
-xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/modelattrib-method-args.adoc[@ModelAttribute],
+1. xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/modelattrib-method-args.adoc[@ModelAttribute],
 xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/requestbody.adoc[@RequestBody], and
-xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/multipart-forms.adoc[@RequestPart] method parameter
-annotated with `@jakarta.validation.Valid` or Spring's `@Validated` so long as
-it is a command object rather than a container such as `Map` or `Collection`, it does not
-have `Errors` or `BindingResult` immediately after in the method signature, and does not
-otherwise require method validation (see next). `MethodArgumentNotValidException` is the
-exception raised when validating a method parameter individually.
+xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/multipart-forms.adoc[@RequestPart] argument
+resolvers validate a method argument individually if the method parameter is annotated
+with Jakarta `@Valid` or Spring's `@Validated`, _AND_ there is no `Errors` or
+`BindingResult` parameter immediately after, _AND_ method validation is not needed (to be
+discussed next). The exception raised in this case is `MethodArgumentNotValidException`.

-2. Java Bean Validation is applied to the method when `@Constraint` annotations such as
-`@Min`, `@NotBlank` and others are declared directly on method parameters, or on the
-method for the return value, and it supersedes any validation that would be applied
-otherwise to a method parameter individually because method validation covers both
-method parameter constraints and nested constraints via `@Valid`.
-`HandlerMethodValidationException` is the exception raised validation is applied
-to the method.
+2. When `@Constraint` annotations such as `@Min`, `@NotBlank` and others are declared
+directly on method parameters, or on the method (for the return value), then method
+validation must be applied, and that supersedes validation at the method argument level
+because method validation covers both method parameter constraints and nested constraints
+via `@Valid`. The exception raised in this case is `HandlerMethodValidationException`.

-Applications should handle both `MethodArgumentNotValidException` and
-`HandlerMethodValidationException` since either may be raised depending on the controller
+Applications must handle both `MethodArgumentNotValidException` and
+`HandlerMethodValidationException` as either may be raised depending on the controller
 method signature. The two exceptions, however are designed to be very similar, and can be
 handled with almost identical code. The main difference is that the former is for a single
 object while the latter is for a list of method parameters.
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 [.small]#xref:web/webflux/uri-building.adoc[See equivalent in the Reactive stack]#

-This section describes various options available in the Spring Framework to work with URIs.
+This section describes various options available in the Spring Framework to work with URI's.

 include::partial$web/web-uris.adoc[leveloffset=+1]

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-[cols="2,3,5"]
-|===
-|Pattern |Description |Example
-
-| `spring`
-| Literal pattern
-| `+"/spring"+` matches `+"/spring"+`
-
-| `+?+`
-| Matches one character
-| `+"/pages/t?st.html"+` matches `+"/pages/test.html"+` and `+"/pages/t3st.html"+`
-
-| `+*+`
-| Matches zero or more characters within a path segment
-| `+"/resources/*.png"+` matches `+"/resources/file.png"+`
-
-`+"/projects/*/versions"+` matches `+"/projects/spring/versions"+` but does not match `+"/projects/spring/boot/versions"+`.
-
-`+"/projects/*"+` matches `+"/projects/spring"+` but does not match `+"/projects"+` as the path segment is not present.
-
-| `+**+`
-| Matches zero or more path segments
-| `+"/resources/**"+` matches `+"/resources"+`, `+"/resources/file.png"+` and `+"/resources/images/file.png"+`
-
-`+"/**/info"+` matches `+"/info"+`, `+"/spring/info"+` and `+"/spring/framework/info"+`
-
-`+"/resources/**/file.png"+` is invalid as `+**+` is not allowed in the middle of the path.
-
-`+"/**/spring/**"+` is not allowed, as only a single `+**+`/`+{*path}+` instance is allowed per pattern.
-
-| `+{name}+`
-| Similar to `+*+`, but also captures the path segment as a variable named "name"
-| `+"/projects/{project}/versions"+` matches `+"/projects/spring/versions"+` and captures `+project=spring+`
-
-`+"/projects/{project}/versions"+` does not match `+"/projects/spring/framework/versions"+` as it captures a single path segment.
-
-| `{name:[a-z]+}`
-| Matches the regexp `"[a-z]+"` as a path variable named "name"
-| `"/projects/{project:[a-z]+}/versions"` matches `"/projects/spring/versions"` but not `"/projects/spring1/versions"`
-
-| `+{*path}+`
-| Similar to `+**+`, but also captures the path segments as a variable named "path"
-| `+"/resources/{*file}"+` matches `+"/resources/images/file.png"+` and captures `+file=/images/file.png+`
-
-`+"{*path}/resources"+` matches `+"/spring/framework/resources"+` and captures `+path=/spring/framework+`
-
-`+"/resources/{*path}/file.png"+` is invalid as `{*path}` is not allowed in the middle of the path.
-
-`+"/{*path}/spring/**"+` is not allowed, as only a single `+**+`/`+{*path}+` instance is allowed per pattern.
-
-|===
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 = UriComponents
 [.small]#Spring MVC and Spring WebFlux#

-`UriComponentsBuilder` helps to build URIs from URI templates with variables, as the following example shows:
+`UriComponentsBuilder` helps to build URI's from URI templates with variables, as the following example shows:

 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ Kotlin::
 = UriBuilder
 [.small]#Spring MVC and Spring WebFlux#

-<<uricomponents, `UriComponentsBuilder`>> implements `UriBuilder`. You can create a
+<<web-uricomponents, `UriComponentsBuilder`>> implements `UriBuilder`. You can create a
 `UriBuilder`, in turn, with a `UriBuilderFactory`. Together, `UriBuilderFactory` and
 `UriBuilder` provide a pluggable mechanism to build URIs from URI templates, based on
 shared configuration, such as a base URL, encoding preferences, and other details.
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ and treats deviations from the syntax as illegal.
 https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt/tree/master/url[URL parsing algorithm] in the
 https://url.spec.whatwg.org[WhatWG URL Living standard]. It provides lenient handling of
 a wide range of cases of unexpected input. Browsers implement this in order to handle
-leniently user typed URLs. For more details, see the URL Living Standard and URL parsing
+leniently user typed URL's. For more details, see the URL Living Standard and URL parsing
 https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt/tree/master/url[test cases].

 By default, `RestClient`, `WebClient`, and `RestTemplate` use the RFC parser type, and
@@ -255,10 +255,10 @@ expect applications to provide with URL templates that conform to RFC syntax. To
 that you can customize the `UriBuilderFactory` on any of the clients.

 Applications and frameworks may further rely on `UriComponentsBuilder` for their own needs
-to parse user provided URLs in order to inspect and possibly validated URI components
+to parse user provided URL's in order to inspect and possibly validated URI components
 such as the scheme, host, port, path, and query. Such components can decide to use the
-WhatWG parser type in order to handle URLs more leniently, and to align with the way
-browsers parse URIs, in case of a redirect to the input URL or if it is included in a
+WhatWG parser type in order to handle URL's more leniently, and to align with the way
+browsers parse URI's, in case of a redirect to the input URL or if it is included in a
 response to a browser.


@@ -373,14 +373,14 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	String baseUrl = "https://example.com";
-	DefaultUriBuilderFactory factory = new DefaultUriBuilderFactory(baseUrl);
+	DefaultUriBuilderFactory factory = new DefaultUriBuilderFactory(baseUrl)
 	factory.setEncodingMode(EncodingMode.TEMPLATE_AND_VALUES);

-	// Customize the RestTemplate.
+	// Customize the RestTemplate..
 	RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
 	restTemplate.setUriTemplateHandler(factory);

-	// Customize the WebClient.
+	// Customize the WebClient..
 	WebClient client = WebClient.builder().uriBuilderFactory(factory).build();
 ----

@@ -393,12 +393,12 @@ Kotlin::
 		encodingMode = EncodingMode.TEMPLATE_AND_VALUES
 	}

-	// Customize the RestTemplate.
+	// Customize the RestTemplate..
 	val restTemplate = RestTemplate().apply {
 		uriTemplateHandler = factory
 	}

-	// Customize the WebClient.
+	// Customize the WebClient..
 	val client = WebClient.builder().uriBuilderFactory(factory).build()
 ----
 ======
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 {
  "dependencies": {
-    "antora": "3.2.0-alpha.11",
-    "@antora/atlas-extension": "1.0.0-alpha.5",
-    "@antora/collector-extension": "1.0.2",
+    "antora": "3.2.0-alpha.4",
+    "@antora/atlas-extension": "1.0.0-alpha.2",
+    "@antora/collector-extension": "1.0.0-alpha.3",
    "@asciidoctor/tabs": "1.0.0-beta.6",
-    "@springio/antora-extensions": "1.14.7",
-    "fast-xml-parser": "5.3.8",
-    "@springio/asciidoctor-extensions": "1.0.0-alpha.17"
+    "@springio/antora-extensions": "1.14.2",
+    "fast-xml-parser": "4.5.2",
+    "@springio/asciidoctor-extensions": "1.0.0-alpha.10"
  }
 }
@@ -200,7 +200,6 @@
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.

-
 =======================================================================

 SPRING FRAMEWORK ${version} SUBCOMPONENTS:
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ code for these subcomponents is subject to the terms and
 conditions of the following licenses.


->>> ASM 9.9.1 (org.ow2.asm:asm:9.9.1):
+>>> ASM 9.1 (org.ow2.asm:asm:9.1, org.ow2.asm:asm-commons:9.1):

 Copyright (c) 2000-2011 INRIA, France Telecom
 All rights reserved.
@@ -250,8 +249,10 @@ Copyright (c) 1999-2009, OW2 Consortium <https://www.ow2.org/>

 >>> CGLIB 3.3 (cglib:cglib:3.3):

-Per the LICENSE file in the CGLIB distribution, CGLIB 3.3 is licensed
-under the Apache License, version 2.0, the text of which is included above.
+Per the LICENSE file in the CGLIB JAR distribution downloaded from
+https://github.com/cglib/cglib/releases/download/RELEASE_3_3_0/cglib-3.3.0.jar,
+CGLIB 3.3 is licensed under the Apache License, version 2.0, the text of which
+is included above.


 >>> JavaPoet 1.13.0 (com.squareup:javapoet:1.13.0):
@@ -262,18 +263,18 @@ JavaPoet 1.13.0 is licensed under the Apache License, version 2.0, the text of
 which is included above.


->>> Objenesis 3.5 (org.objenesis:objenesis:3.5):
+>>> Objenesis 3.4 (org.objenesis:objenesis:3.4):

-Per the LICENSE file in the Objenesis distribution downloaded from
-http://objenesis.org/download.html, Objenesis 3.5 is licensed under the
+Per the LICENSE file in the Objenesis ZIP distribution downloaded from
+http://objenesis.org/download.html, Objenesis 3.4 is licensed under the
 Apache License, version 2.0, the text of which is included above.

-Per the NOTICE file in the Objenesis distribution downloaded from
+Per the NOTICE file in the Objenesis ZIP distribution downloaded from
 http://objenesis.org/download.html and corresponding to section 4d of the
 Apache License, Version 2.0, in this case for Objenesis:

 Objenesis
-Copyright 2006-2026 Joe Walnes, Henri Tremblay, Leonardo Mesquita
+Copyright 2006-2019 Joe Walnes, Henri Tremblay, Leonardo Mesquita


 ===============================================================================
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.core.expressions.languageref.expressionsoperatorsoverloaded;
-
-import org.springframework.expression.Operation;
-import org.springframework.expression.OperatorOverloader;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
-public class ListConcatenation implements OperatorOverloader {
-
-	@Override
-	public boolean overridesOperation(Operation operation, Object left, Object right) {
-		return (operation == Operation.ADD && left instanceof List && right instanceof List);
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
-	public Object operate(Operation operation, Object left, Object right) {
-		if (operation == Operation.ADD &&
-				left instanceof List list1 && right instanceof List list2) {
-
-			List result = new ArrayList(list1);
-			result.addAll(list2);
-			return result;
-		}
-		throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
-				"No overload for operation %s and operands [%s] and [%s]"
-						.formatted(operation, left, right));
-	}
-
-}
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public class ExceptionController {

 	// tag::narrow[]
 	@ExceptionHandler({FileSystemException.class, RemoteException.class})
-	public ResponseEntity<String> handleIOException(IOException ex) {
+	public ResponseEntity<String> handleIoException(IOException ex) {
 		return ResponseEntity.internalServerError().body(ex.getMessage());
 	}
 	// end::narrow[]
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.core.expressions.languageref.expressionsoperatorsoverloaded
-
-import org.springframework.expression.Operation
-import org.springframework.expression.OperatorOverloader
-
-class ListConcatenation: OperatorOverloader {
-
-	override fun overridesOperation(operation: Operation, left: Any?, right: Any?): Boolean {
-		return operation == Operation.ADD && left is List<*> && right is List<*>
-	}
-
-	override fun operate(operation: Operation, left: Any?, right: Any?): Any {
-		if (operation == Operation.ADD && left is List<*> && right is List<*>) {
-			return left + right
-		}
-
-		throw UnsupportedOperationException(
-			"No overload for operation $operation and operands [$left] and [$right]")
-	}
-
-}
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class ExceptionController {

 	// tag::narrow[]
 	@ExceptionHandler(FileSystemException::class, RemoteException::class)
-	fun handleIOException(ex: IOException): ResponseEntity<String> {
+	fun handleIoException(ex: IOException): ResponseEntity<String> {
 		return ResponseEntity.internalServerError().body(ex.message)
 	}
 	// end::narrow[]
@@ -7,33 +7,33 @@ javaPlatform {
 }

 dependencies {
-	api(platform("com.fasterxml.jackson:jackson-bom:2.18.5"))
-	api(platform("io.micrometer:micrometer-bom:1.15.11"))
-	api(platform("io.netty:netty-bom:4.1.132.Final"))
+	api(platform("com.fasterxml.jackson:jackson-bom:2.18.4.1"))
+	api(platform("io.micrometer:micrometer-bom:1.14.12"))
+	api(platform("io.netty:netty-bom:4.1.128.Final"))
 	api(platform("io.netty:netty5-bom:5.0.0.Alpha5"))
-	api(platform("io.projectreactor:reactor-bom:2024.0.17"))
+	api(platform("io.projectreactor:reactor-bom:2024.0.11"))
 	api(platform("io.rsocket:rsocket-bom:1.1.5"))
-	api(platform("org.apache.groovy:groovy-bom:4.0.31"))
+	api(platform("org.apache.groovy:groovy-bom:4.0.28"))
 	api(platform("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-bom:2.21.1"))
-	api(platform("org.assertj:assertj-bom:3.27.7"))
-	api(platform("org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-bom:12.0.33"))
-	api(platform("org.eclipse.jetty.ee10:jetty-ee10-bom:12.0.33"))
+	api(platform("org.assertj:assertj-bom:3.27.6"))
+	api(platform("org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-bom:12.0.28"))
+	api(platform("org.eclipse.jetty.ee10:jetty-ee10-bom:12.0.28"))
 	api(platform("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-bom:1.8.1"))
 	api(platform("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-bom:1.6.3"))
-	api(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.14.3"))
-	api(platform("org.mockito:mockito-bom:5.23.0"))
+	api(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.14.0"))
+	api(platform("org.mockito:mockito-bom:5.20.0"))

 	constraints {
 		api("com.fasterxml:aalto-xml:1.3.4")
 		api("com.fasterxml.woodstox:woodstox-core:6.7.0")
-		api("com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine:3.2.3")
+		api("com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine:3.2.2")
 		api("com.github.librepdf:openpdf:1.3.43")
 		api("com.google.code.findbugs:findbugs:3.0.1")
 		api("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2")
 		api("com.google.code.gson:gson:2.13.2")
-		api("com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java-util:4.34.1")
-		api("com.h2database:h2:2.4.240")
-		api("com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:2.10.0")
+		api("com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java-util:4.32.1")
+		api("com.h2database:h2:2.3.232")
+		api("com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:2.9.0")
 		api("com.oracle.database.jdbc:ojdbc11:21.9.0.0")
 		api("com.rometools:rome:1.19.0")
 		api("com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver:3.14.9")
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ dependencies {
 		api("io.mockk:mockk:1.13.17")
 		api("io.projectreactor.netty:reactor-netty5-http:2.0.0-M3")
 		api("io.projectreactor.tools:blockhound:1.0.8.RELEASE")
-		api("io.r2dbc:r2dbc-h2:1.1.0.RELEASE")
+		api("io.r2dbc:r2dbc-h2:1.0.0.RELEASE")
 		api("io.r2dbc:r2dbc-spi-test:1.0.0.RELEASE")
 		api("io.r2dbc:r2dbc-spi:1.0.0.RELEASE")
 		api("io.reactivex.rxjava3:rxjava:3.1.12")
@@ -90,11 +90,11 @@ dependencies {
 		api("junit:junit:4.13.2")
 		api("net.sf.jopt-simple:jopt-simple:5.0.4")
 		api("org.apache-extras.beanshell:bsh:2.0b6")
-		api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-broker:5.17.7")
-		api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-kahadb-store:5.17.7")
-		api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-stomp:5.17.7")
-		api("org.apache.activemq:artemis-jakarta-client:2.42.0")
-		api("org.apache.activemq:artemis-junit-5:2.42.0")
+        api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-broker:5.17.7")
+        api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-kahadb-store:5.17.7")
+        api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-stomp:5.17.7")
+        api("org.apache.activemq:artemis-jakarta-client:2.42.0")
+        api("org.apache.activemq:artemis-junit-5:2.42.0")
 		api("org.apache.commons:commons-pool2:2.9.0")
 		api("org.apache.derby:derby:10.16.1.1")
 		api("org.apache.derby:derbyclient:10.16.1.1")
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ dependencies {
 		api("org.hibernate:hibernate-core-jakarta:5.6.15.Final")
 		api("org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:7.0.5.Final")
 		api("org.hsqldb:hsqldb:2.7.4")
-		api("org.htmlunit:htmlunit:4.21.0")
+		api("org.htmlunit:htmlunit:4.17.0")
 		api("org.javamoney:moneta:1.4.4")
 		api("org.jruby:jruby:9.4.13.0")
 		api("org.junit.support:testng-engine:1.0.5")
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ dependencies {
 		api("org.ogce:xpp3:1.1.6")
 		api("org.python:jython-standalone:2.7.4")
 		api("org.quartz-scheduler:quartz:2.3.2")
-		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:htmlunit3-driver:4.41.0")
-		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:4.41.0")
+		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:htmlunit3-driver:4.36.1")
+		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:4.36.0")
 		api("org.skyscreamer:jsonassert:1.5.3")
 		api("org.slf4j:slf4j-api:2.0.17")
 		api("org.testng:testng:7.11.0")
@@ -147,6 +147,6 @@ dependencies {
 		api("org.webjars:webjars-locator-lite:1.1.0")
 		api("org.xmlunit:xmlunit-assertj:2.10.4")
 		api("org.xmlunit:xmlunit-matchers:2.10.4")
-		api("org.yaml:snakeyaml:2.6")
+		api("org.yaml:snakeyaml:2.5")
 	}
 }
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-version=6.2.18
+version=6.2.12

 org.gradle.caching=true
 org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx2048m
@@ -84,6 +84,19 @@ eclipse.classpath.file.whenMerged {
 	}
 }

+// Due to an apparent bug in Gradle, even though we exclude the "main" classpath
+// entries for sources generated by XJC in spring-oxm.gradle, the Gradle eclipse
+// plugin still includes them in the generated .classpath file. So, we have to
+// manually remove those lingering "main" entries.
+if (project.name == "spring-oxm") {
+	eclipse.classpath.file.whenMerged { classpath ->
+		classpath.entries.removeAll {
+			it.path =~ /build\/generated\/sources\/xjc\/.+/ &&
+			it.entryAttributes.get("gradle_scope") == "main"
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // Include project specific settings
 tasks.register('eclipseSettings', Copy) {
 	from rootProject.files(
@@ -61,9 +61,10 @@ class AopNamespaceHandlerScopeIntegrationTests {


 	@Test
-	void singletonScoping() throws Exception {
+	void testSingletonScoping() throws Exception {
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(singletonScoped)).as("Should be AOP proxy").isTrue();
-		assertThat(singletonScoped).as("Should be target class proxy").isInstanceOf(TestBean.class);
+		boolean condition = singletonScoped instanceof TestBean;
+		assertThat(condition).as("Should be target class proxy").isTrue();
 		String rob = "Rob Harrop";
 		String bram = "Bram Smeets";
 		assertThat(singletonScoped.getName()).isEqualTo(rob);
@@ -74,17 +75,19 @@ class AopNamespaceHandlerScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void requestScoping() {
+	void testRequestScoping() {
 		MockHttpServletRequest oldRequest = new MockHttpServletRequest();
 		MockHttpServletRequest newRequest = new MockHttpServletRequest();

 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(new ServletRequestAttributes(oldRequest));

 		assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(requestScoped)).as("Should be AOP proxy").isTrue();
-		assertThat(requestScoped).as("Should be target class proxy").isInstanceOf(TestBean.class);
+		boolean condition = requestScoped instanceof TestBean;
+		assertThat(condition).as("Should be target class proxy").isTrue();

 		assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(testBean)).as("Should be AOP proxy").isTrue();
-		assertThat(testBean).as("Regular bean should be JDK proxy").isNotInstanceOf(TestBean.class);
+		boolean condition1 = testBean instanceof TestBean;
+		assertThat(condition1).as("Regular bean should be JDK proxy").isFalse();

 		String rob = "Rob Harrop";
 		String bram = "Bram Smeets";
@@ -100,7 +103,7 @@ class AopNamespaceHandlerScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void sessionScoping() {
+	void testSessionScoping() {
 		MockHttpSession oldSession = new MockHttpSession();
 		MockHttpSession newSession = new MockHttpSession();

@@ -109,12 +112,14 @@ class AopNamespaceHandlerScopeIntegrationTests {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(new ServletRequestAttributes(request));

 		assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(sessionScoped)).as("Should be AOP proxy").isTrue();
-		assertThat(sessionScoped).as("Should not be target class proxy").isNotInstanceOf(TestBean.class);
+		boolean condition1 = sessionScoped instanceof TestBean;
+		assertThat(condition1).as("Should not be target class proxy").isFalse();

 		assertThat(sessionScopedAlias).isSameAs(sessionScoped);

 		assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(testBean)).as("Should be AOP proxy").isTrue();
-		assertThat(testBean).as("Regular bean should be JDK proxy").isNotInstanceOf(TestBean.class);
+		boolean condition = testBean instanceof TestBean;
+		assertThat(condition).as("Regular bean should be JDK proxy").isFalse();

 		String rob = "Rob Harrop";
 		String bram = "Bram Smeets";
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class AdvisorAutoProxyCreatorIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void defaultExclusionPrefix() {
+	void testDefaultExclusionPrefix() {
 		DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator aapc = (DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator) getBeanFactory().getBean(ADVISOR_APC_BEAN_NAME);
 		assertThat(aapc.getAdvisorBeanNamePrefix()).isEqualTo((ADVISOR_APC_BEAN_NAME + DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.SEPARATOR));
 		assertThat(aapc.isUsePrefix()).isFalse();
@@ -75,21 +75,21 @@ class AdvisorAutoProxyCreatorIntegrationTests {
 	 * If no pointcuts match (no attrs) there should be proxying.
 	 */
 	@Test
-	void noProxy() {
+	void testNoProxy() {
 		BeanFactory bf = getBeanFactory();
 		Object o = bf.getBean("noSetters");
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(o)).isFalse();
 	}

 	@Test
-	void txIsProxied() {
+	void testTxIsProxied() {
 		BeanFactory bf = getBeanFactory();
 		ITestBean test = (ITestBean) bf.getBean("test");
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(test)).isTrue();
 	}

 	@Test
-	void regexpApplied() {
+	void testRegexpApplied() {
 		BeanFactory bf = getBeanFactory();
 		ITestBean test = (ITestBean) bf.getBean("test");
 		MethodCounter counter = (MethodCounter) bf.getBean("countingAdvice");
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class AdvisorAutoProxyCreatorIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void transactionAttributeOnMethod() {
+	void testTransactionAttributeOnMethod() {
 		BeanFactory bf = getBeanFactory();
 		ITestBean test = (ITestBean) bf.getBean("test");

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class AdvisorAutoProxyCreatorIntegrationTests {
 	 * Should not roll back on servlet exception.
 	 */
 	@Test
-	void rollbackRulesOnMethodCauseRollback() throws Exception {
+	void testRollbackRulesOnMethodCauseRollback() throws Exception {
 		BeanFactory bf = getBeanFactory();
 		Rollback rb = (Rollback) bf.getBean("rollback");

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ class AdvisorAutoProxyCreatorIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void rollbackRulesOnMethodPreventRollback() throws Exception {
+	void testRollbackRulesOnMethodPreventRollback() throws Exception {
 		BeanFactory bf = getBeanFactory();
 		Rollback rb = (Rollback) bf.getBean("rollback");

@@ -165,11 +165,12 @@ class AdvisorAutoProxyCreatorIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void programmaticRollback() {
+	void testProgrammaticRollback() {
 		BeanFactory bf = getBeanFactory();

 		Object bean = bf.getBean(TXMANAGER_BEAN_NAME);
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(CallCountingTransactionManager.class);
+		boolean condition = bean instanceof CallCountingTransactionManager;
+		assertThat(condition).isTrue();
 		CallCountingTransactionManager txMan = (CallCountingTransactionManager) bf.getBean(TXMANAGER_BEAN_NAME);

 		Rollback rb = (Rollback) bf.getBean("rollback");
@@ -50,13 +50,13 @@ class ComponentBeanDefinitionParserTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void bionicBasic() {
+	void testBionicBasic() {
 		Component cp = getBionicFamily();
 		assertThat(cp.getName()).isEqualTo("Bionic-1");
 	}

 	@Test
-	void bionicFirstLevelChildren() {
+	void testBionicFirstLevelChildren() {
 		Component cp = getBionicFamily();
 		List<Component> components = cp.getComponents();
 		assertThat(components).hasSize(2);
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class ComponentBeanDefinitionParserTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void bionicSecondLevelChildren() {
+	void testBionicSecondLevelChildren() {
 		Component cp = getBionicFamily();
 		List<Component> components = cp.getComponents().get(0).getComponents();
 		assertThat(components).hasSize(2);
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {


 	@Test
-	void prototype() {
+	void testPrototype() {
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.NO);
 		ScopedTestBean bean = (ScopedTestBean) context.getBean("prototype");
 		assertThat(bean).isNotNull();
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void singletonScopeWithNoProxy() {
+	void testSingletonScopeWithNoProxy() {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(oldRequestAttributes);
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.NO);
 		ScopedTestBean bean = (ScopedTestBean) context.getBean("singleton");
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void singletonScopeIgnoresProxyInterfaces() {
+	void testSingletonScopeIgnoresProxyInterfaces() {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(oldRequestAttributes);
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.INTERFACES);
 		ScopedTestBean bean = (ScopedTestBean) context.getBean("singleton");
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void singletonScopeIgnoresProxyTargetClass() {
+	void testSingletonScopeIgnoresProxyTargetClass() {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(oldRequestAttributes);
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS);
 		ScopedTestBean bean = (ScopedTestBean) context.getBean("singleton");
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void requestScopeWithNoProxy() {
+	void testRequestScopeWithNoProxy() {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(oldRequestAttributes);
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.NO);
 		ScopedTestBean bean = (ScopedTestBean) context.getBean("request");
@@ -178,14 +178,15 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void requestScopeWithProxiedInterfaces() {
+	void testRequestScopeWithProxiedInterfaces() {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(oldRequestAttributes);
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.INTERFACES);
 		IScopedTestBean bean = (IScopedTestBean) context.getBean("request");

 		// should be dynamic proxy, implementing both interfaces
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isJdkDynamicProxy(bean)).isTrue();
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(AnotherScopeTestInterface.class);
+		boolean condition = bean instanceof AnotherScopeTestInterface;
+		assertThat(condition).isTrue();

 		assertThat(bean.getName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_NAME);
 		bean.setName(MODIFIED_NAME);
@@ -199,14 +200,15 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void requestScopeWithProxiedTargetClass() {
+	void testRequestScopeWithProxiedTargetClass() {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(oldRequestAttributes);
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS);
 		IScopedTestBean bean = (IScopedTestBean) context.getBean("request");

 		// should be a class-based proxy
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isCglibProxy(bean)).isTrue();
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(RequestScopedTestBean.class);
+		boolean condition = bean instanceof RequestScopedTestBean;
+		assertThat(condition).isTrue();

 		assertThat(bean.getName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_NAME);
 		bean.setName(MODIFIED_NAME);
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void sessionScopeWithNoProxy() {
+	void testSessionScopeWithNoProxy() {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(oldRequestAttributesWithSession);
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.NO);
 		ScopedTestBean bean = (ScopedTestBean) context.getBean("session");
@@ -241,14 +243,15 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void sessionScopeWithProxiedInterfaces() {
+	void testSessionScopeWithProxiedInterfaces() {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(oldRequestAttributesWithSession);
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.INTERFACES);
 		IScopedTestBean bean = (IScopedTestBean) context.getBean("session");

 		// should be dynamic proxy, implementing both interfaces
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isJdkDynamicProxy(bean)).isTrue();
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(AnotherScopeTestInterface.class);
+		boolean condition = bean instanceof AnotherScopeTestInterface;
+		assertThat(condition).isTrue();

 		assertThat(bean.getName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_NAME);
 		bean.setName(MODIFIED_NAME);
@@ -268,15 +271,17 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerJsr330ScopeIntegrationTests {
 	}

 	@Test
-	void sessionScopeWithProxiedTargetClass() {
+	void testSessionScopeWithProxiedTargetClass() {
 		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(oldRequestAttributesWithSession);
 		ApplicationContext context = createContext(ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS);
 		IScopedTestBean bean = (IScopedTestBean) context.getBean("session");

 		// should be a class-based proxy
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isCglibProxy(bean)).isTrue();
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(ScopedTestBean.class);
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(SessionScopedTestBean.class);
+		boolean condition1 = bean instanceof ScopedTestBean;
+		assertThat(condition1).isTrue();
+		boolean condition = bean instanceof SessionScopedTestBean;
+		assertThat(condition).isTrue();

 		assertThat(bean.getName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_NAME);
 		bean.setName(MODIFIED_NAME);
@@ -166,7 +166,8 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerScopeIntegrationTests {

 		// should be dynamic proxy, implementing both interfaces
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isJdkDynamicProxy(bean)).isTrue();
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(AnotherScopeTestInterface.class);
+		boolean condition = bean instanceof AnotherScopeTestInterface;
+		assertThat(condition).isTrue();

 		assertThat(bean.getName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_NAME);
 		bean.setName(MODIFIED_NAME);
@@ -187,7 +188,8 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerScopeIntegrationTests {

 		// should be a class-based proxy
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isCglibProxy(bean)).isTrue();
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(RequestScopedTestBean.class);
+		boolean condition = bean instanceof RequestScopedTestBean;
+		assertThat(condition).isTrue();

 		assertThat(bean.getName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_NAME);
 		bean.setName(MODIFIED_NAME);
@@ -229,7 +231,8 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerScopeIntegrationTests {

 		// should be dynamic proxy, implementing both interfaces
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isJdkDynamicProxy(bean)).isTrue();
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(AnotherScopeTestInterface.class);
+		boolean condition = bean instanceof AnotherScopeTestInterface;
+		assertThat(condition).isTrue();

 		assertThat(bean.getName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_NAME);
 		bean.setName(MODIFIED_NAME);
@@ -256,8 +259,10 @@ class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScannerScopeIntegrationTests {

 		// should be a class-based proxy
 		assertThat(AopUtils.isCglibProxy(bean)).isTrue();
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(ScopedTestBean.class);
-		assertThat(bean).isInstanceOf(SessionScopedTestBean.class);
+		boolean condition1 = bean instanceof ScopedTestBean;
+		assertThat(condition1).isTrue();
+		boolean condition = bean instanceof SessionScopedTestBean;
+		assertThat(condition).isTrue();

 		assertThat(bean.getName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_NAME);
 		bean.setName(MODIFIED_NAME);
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.core.env;
-
-/**
- * Constants used both locally and in scan* sub-packages
- */
-public class Constants {
-
-	public static final String XML_PATH = "org/springframework/core/env/EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests-context.xml";
-
-	public static final String ENVIRONMENT_AWARE_BEAN_NAME = "envAwareBean";
-
-	public static final String PROD_BEAN_NAME = "prodBean";
-	public static final String DEV_BEAN_NAME = "devBean";
-	public static final String DERIVED_DEV_BEAN_NAME = "derivedDevBean";
-	public static final String TRANSITIVE_BEAN_NAME = "transitiveBean";
-
-	public static final String PROD_ENV_NAME = "prod";
-	public static final String DEV_ENV_NAME = "dev";
-	public static final String DERIVED_DEV_ENV_NAME = "derivedDev";
-}
@@ -58,15 +58,15 @@ import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatExceptionOfType;
 import static org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionBuilder.rootBeanDefinition;
 import static org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext.ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME;
-import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.DERIVED_DEV_BEAN_NAME;
-import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.DERIVED_DEV_ENV_NAME;
-import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.DEV_BEAN_NAME;
-import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.DEV_ENV_NAME;
-import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.ENVIRONMENT_AWARE_BEAN_NAME;
-import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.PROD_BEAN_NAME;
-import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.PROD_ENV_NAME;
-import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.TRANSITIVE_BEAN_NAME;
-import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.XML_PATH;
+import static org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.DERIVED_DEV_BEAN_NAME;
+import static org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.DERIVED_DEV_ENV_NAME;
+import static org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.DEV_BEAN_NAME;
+import static org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.DEV_ENV_NAME;
+import static org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.ENVIRONMENT_AWARE_BEAN_NAME;
+import static org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.PROD_BEAN_NAME;
+import static org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.PROD_ENV_NAME;
+import static org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.TRANSITIVE_BEAN_NAME;
+import static org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.XML_PATH;

 /**
 * System integration tests for container support of the {@link Environment} API.
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ import static org.springframework.core.env.Constants.XML_PATH;
 * @author Sam Brannen
 * @see org.springframework.context.support.EnvironmentIntegrationTests
 */
-class EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests {
+public class EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests {

 	private final ConfigurableEnvironment prodEnv = new StandardEnvironment();

@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ class EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests {
 		}
 	}

-	@Profile(Constants.DERIVED_DEV_ENV_NAME)
+	@Profile(DERIVED_DEV_ENV_NAME)
 	@Configuration
 	static class DerivedDevConfig extends DevConfig {
 		@Bean
@@ -666,4 +666,24 @@ class EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests {
 		}
 	}

+
+	/**
+	 * Constants used both locally and in scan* sub-packages
+	 */
+	public static class Constants {
+
+		public static final String XML_PATH = "org/springframework/core/env/EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests-context.xml";
+
+		public static final String ENVIRONMENT_AWARE_BEAN_NAME = "envAwareBean";
+
+		public static final String PROD_BEAN_NAME = "prodBean";
+		public static final String DEV_BEAN_NAME = "devBean";
+		public static final String DERIVED_DEV_BEAN_NAME = "derivedDevBean";
+		public static final String TRANSITIVE_BEAN_NAME = "transitiveBean";
+
+		public static final String PROD_ENV_NAME = "prod";
+		public static final String DEV_ENV_NAME = "dev";
+		public static final String DERIVED_DEV_ENV_NAME = "derivedDev";
+	}
+
 }
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;

-@Profile(org.springframework.core.env.Constants.DEV_ENV_NAME)
+@Profile(org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.DEV_ENV_NAME)
@Configuration
 class DevConfig {

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;

-@Profile(org.springframework.core.env.Constants.PROD_ENV_NAME)
+@Profile(org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.PROD_ENV_NAME)
@Configuration
 class ProdConfig {

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ package org.springframework.core.env.scan2;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

-@Profile(org.springframework.core.env.Constants.DEV_ENV_NAME)
-@Component(org.springframework.core.env.Constants.DEV_BEAN_NAME)
+@Profile(org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.DEV_ENV_NAME)
+@Component(org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.DEV_BEAN_NAME)
 class DevBean {
 }
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ package org.springframework.core.env.scan2;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

-@Profile(org.springframework.core.env.Constants.PROD_ENV_NAME)
-@Component(org.springframework.core.env.Constants.PROD_BEAN_NAME)
+@Profile(org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.PROD_ENV_NAME)
+@Component(org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentSystemIntegrationTests.Constants.PROD_BEAN_NAME)
 class ProdBean {

 }
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public interface ProxyMethodInvocation extends MethodInvocation {
 	MethodInvocation invocableClone(Object... arguments);

 	/**
-	 * Set the arguments to be used on subsequent invocations in any advice
+	 * Set the arguments to be used on subsequent invocations in the any advice
 	 * in this chain.
 	 * @param arguments the argument array
 	 */
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More