Release v6.2.7

Closes gh-34801

.github/actions/create-github-release/action.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
     - name: Generate Changelog
-      uses: spring-io/github-changelog-generator@185319ad7eaa75b0e8e72e4b6db19c8b2cb8c4c1 #v0.0.11
+      uses: spring-io/github-changelog-generator@86958813a62af8fb223b3fd3b5152035504bcb83 #v0.0.12
       with:
         config-file: .github/actions/create-github-release/changelog-generator.yml
         milestone: ${{ inputs.milestone }}

.github/actions/prepare-gradle-build/action.yml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ runs:
           ${{ inputs.java-early-access == 'true' && format('{0}-ea', inputs.java-version) || inputs.java-version }}
           ${{ inputs.java-toolchain == 'true' && '17' || '' }}
     - name: Set Up Gradle
-      uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@cc4fc85e6b35bafd578d5ffbc76a5518407e1af0 # v4.2.1
+      uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@0bdd871935719febd78681f197cd39af5b6e16a6 # v4.2.2
       with:
         cache-read-only: false
         develocity-access-key: ${{ inputs.develocity-access-key }}

.github/actions/sync-to-maven-central/action.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
     - name: Set Up JFrog CLI
-      uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@dff217c085c17666e8849ebdbf29c8fe5e3995e6 # v4.5.2
+      uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@f748a0599171a192a2668afee8d0497f7c1069df # v4.5.6
       env:
         JF_ENV_SPRING: ${{ inputs.jfrog-cli-config-token }}
     - name: Download Release Artifacts

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
           develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.DEVELOCITY_ACCESS_KEY }}
           publish: true
       - name: Stage Release
-        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@26bbe925a75f4f863e1e529e85be2d0093cac116 # v0.0.1
+        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@dc1913008c0599f0c4b1fdafb6ff3c502b3565ea # v0.0.2
         with:
           artifact-properties: |
             /**/framework-api-*.zip::zip.name=spring-framework,zip.deployed=false

.github/workflows/verify.yml

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
           distribution: 'liberica'
           java-version: 17
       - name: Set Up Gradle
-        uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@cc4fc85e6b35bafd578d5ffbc76a5518407e1af0 # v4.2.1
+        uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@0bdd871935719febd78681f197cd39af5b6e16a6 # v4.2.2
         with:
           cache-read-only: false
       - name: Configure Gradle Properties

.gitignore

@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ spring-*/src/main/java/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
 *.iml
 *.ipr
 *.iws
-.idea
+.idea/*
+!.idea/icon.svg
 out
 test-output
 atlassian-ide-plugin.xml

.idea/icon.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Generator: Adobe Illustrator 24.0.3, SVG Export Plug-In . SVG Version: 6.00 Build 0)  -->
+<svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px"
+	 viewBox="0 0 510 510" style="enable-background:new 0 0 510 510;" xml:space="preserve">
+<style type="text/css">
+	.st0{fill:#6DB33F;}
+</style>
+<title>icon-framework</title>
+<g id="Layer_2_1_">
+	<g id="Layer_1-2">
+		<path class="st0" d="M479.2,162.5c-5.6-34.3-20.5-64.4-43.9-87.8S382,36.5,347.6,30.9C320.1,11.2,288.5,0,255,0
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+			c19.4,19.3,32.6,43.6,39.3,71.1c-16.2-19.2-36.6-36.2-60.4-50c-13.8-23.8-30.8-44.2-50-60.4C387.1,46.9,411.2,60.1,430.5,79.5
+			L430.5,79.5z M397.6,94c-20.8-10.7-42.8-18.8-65.6-24.2c-20-12.4-41.5-22.4-63.9-29.6c15.5-3.4,31.3-5.1,47.2-5.2
+			c10,0,19.9,0.8,29.7,2.3C365.1,51.8,382.8,71.1,397.6,94z M255,6.8c27.6,0,53.8,8,77.4,22.2c-5.6-0.5-11.3-0.7-17.1-0.7
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+			c22.4-7.2,43.9-17.2,63.9-29.6c22.7-5.4,44.8-13.6,65.6-24.2C382.8,438.9,365.1,458.1,345,472.7z M430.5,430.5
+			c-19.3,19.3-43.5,32.6-71.1,39.3c19.2-16.2,36.2-36.6,50-60.4c23.7-13.8,44-30.6,60.2-49.8C463.1,386.6,450.1,410.9,430.5,430.5
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+			c14.2,23.6,22.2,49.8,22.2,77.4s-8.1,54.1-22.4,77.8C482.9,307.9,480.5,281.6,473.5,255.3L473.5,255.3z"/>
+	</g>
+</g>
+</svg>

build.gradle

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ plugins {
 	id 'io.github.goooler.shadow' version '8.1.8' apply false
 	id 'me.champeau.jmh' version '0.7.2' apply false
 	id 'me.champeau.mrjar' version '0.1.1'
-	id "net.ltgt.errorprone" version "3.1.0" apply false
+	id "net.ltgt.errorprone" version "4.1.0" apply false
 }
 
 ext {
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 			"https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/",
 			"https://jakarta.ee/specifications/platform/9/apidocs/",
 			"https://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/orm/5.6/javadocs/",
-			"https://eclipse.dev/aspectj/doc/released/aspectj5rt-api",
+			"https://eclipse.dev/aspectj/doc/latest/runtime-api/",
 			"https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/api/2.3.0/",
 			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-core/javadoc/2.14/",
 			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-databind/javadoc/2.14/",
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 			// TODO Uncomment link to JUnit 5 docs once we execute Gradle with Java 18+.
 			// See https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/27497
 			//
-			// "https://junit.org/junit5/docs/5.11.4/api/",
+			// "https://junit.org/junit5/docs/5.12.2/api/",
 			"https://www.reactive-streams.org/reactive-streams-1.0.3-javadoc/",
 			//"https://javadoc.io/static/io.rsocket/rsocket-core/1.1.1/",
 			"https://r2dbc.io/spec/1.0.0.RELEASE/api/",

buildSrc/gradle.properties

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 org.gradle.caching=true
-javaFormatVersion=0.0.42
+javaFormatVersion=0.0.43

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/CheckstyleConventions.java

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public class CheckstyleConventions {
 			project.getPlugins().apply(CheckstylePlugin.class);
 			project.getTasks().withType(Checkstyle.class).forEach(checkstyle -> checkstyle.getMaxHeapSize().set("1g"));
 			CheckstyleExtension checkstyle = project.getExtensions().getByType(CheckstyleExtension.class);
-			checkstyle.setToolVersion("10.21.1");
+			checkstyle.setToolVersion("10.23.1");
 			checkstyle.getConfigDirectory().set(project.getRootProject().file("src/checkstyle"));
 			String version = SpringJavaFormatPlugin.class.getPackage().getImplementationVersion();
 			DependencySet checkstyleDependencies = project.getConfigurations().getByName("checkstyle").getDependencies();
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public class CheckstyleConventions {
 		NoHttpExtension noHttp = project.getExtensions().getByType(NoHttpExtension.class);
 		noHttp.setAllowlistFile(project.file("src/nohttp/allowlist.lines"));
 		noHttp.getSource().exclude("**/test-output/**", "**/.settings/**",
-				"**/.classpath", "**/.project", "**/.gradle/**", "**/node_modules/**");
+				"**/.classpath", "**/.project", "**/.gradle/**", "**/node_modules/**", "buildSrc/build/**");
 		List<String> buildFolders = List.of("bin", "build", "out");
 		project.allprojects(subproject -> {
 			Path rootPath = project.getRootDir().toPath();

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/TestConventions.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import org.gradle.api.Project;
 import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
 import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.TestFrameworkOptions;
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformOptions;
 import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryPlugin;
 import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryTaskExtension;
 
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryTaskExtension;
  *
  * @author Brian Clozel
  * @author Andy Wilkinson
+ * @author Sam Brannen
  */
 class TestConventions {
 
@@ -50,7 +53,12 @@ class TestConventions {
 	}
 
 	private void configureTests(Project project, Test test) {
-		test.useJUnitPlatform();
+		TestFrameworkOptions existingOptions = test.getOptions();
+		test.useJUnitPlatform(options -> {
+			if (existingOptions instanceof JUnitPlatformOptions junitPlatformOptions) {
+				options.copyFrom(junitPlatformOptions);
+			}
+		});
 		test.include("**/*Tests.class", "**/*Test.class");
 		test.setSystemProperties(Map.of(
 				"java.awt.headless", "true",

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/hint/RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin.java

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.gradle.api.attributes.Usage;
 import org.gradle.api.attributes.java.TargetJvmVersion;
 import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
 import org.gradle.api.plugins.jvm.JvmTestSuite;
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskProvider;
 import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
 import org.gradle.testing.base.TestingExtension;
 
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ public class RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
 			TestingExtension testing = project.getExtensions().getByType(TestingExtension.class);
 			JvmTestSuite jvmTestSuite = (JvmTestSuite) testing.getSuites().getByName("test");
 			RuntimeHintsAgentExtension agentExtension = createRuntimeHintsAgentExtension(project);
-			Test agentTest = project.getTasks().create(RUNTIMEHINTS_TEST_TASK, Test.class, test -> {
+			TaskProvider<Test> agentTest = project.getTasks().register(RUNTIMEHINTS_TEST_TASK, Test.class, test -> {
 				test.useJUnitPlatform(options -> {
 					options.includeTags("RuntimeHintsTests");
 				});
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ public class RuntimeHintsAgentPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
 				test.setClasspath(jvmTestSuite.getSources().getRuntimeClasspath());
 				test.getJvmArgumentProviders().add(createRuntimeHintsAgentArgumentProvider(project, agentExtension));
 			});
-			project.getTasks().getByName("check", task -> task.dependsOn(agentTest));
+			project.getTasks().named("check", task -> task.dependsOn(agentTest));
 			project.getDependencies().add(CONFIGURATION_NAME, project.project(":spring-core-test"));
 		});
 	}

framework-api/framework-api.gradle

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 plugins {
 	id 'java-platform'
-	id 'io.freefair.aggregate-javadoc' version '8.3'
+	id 'io.freefair.aggregate-javadoc' version '8.13.1'
 }
 
 description = "Spring Framework API Docs"
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ dependencies {
 
 javadoc {
 	title = "${rootProject.description} ${version} API"
+	failOnError = true
 	options {
 		encoding = "UTF-8"
 		memberLevel = JavadocMemberLevel.PROTECTED
@@ -31,8 +32,9 @@ javadoc {
 		destinationDir = project.java.docsDir.dir("javadoc-api").get().asFile
 		splitIndex = true
 		links(rootProject.ext.javadocLinks)
-		addBooleanOption('Xdoclint:syntax,reference', true) // only check syntax and reference with doclint
-		addBooleanOption('Werror', true) // fail build on Javadoc warnings
+		// Check for 'syntax' and 'reference' during linting.
+		addBooleanOption('Xdoclint:syntax,reference', true)
+		addBooleanOption('Werror', true)  // fail build on Javadoc warnings
 	}
 	maxMemory = "1024m"
 	doFirst {

framework-docs/framework-docs.gradle

@@ -42,33 +42,34 @@ repositories {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-	api(project(":spring-aspects"))
-	api(project(":spring-context"))
-	api(project(":spring-context-support"))
-	api(project(":spring-jdbc"))
-	api(project(":spring-jms"))
-	api(project(":spring-test"))
-	api(project(":spring-web"))
-	api(project(":spring-webflux"))
-	api(project(":spring-webmvc"))
-	api(project(":spring-websocket"))
-
-	api("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
-	api("com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names")
-	api("com.mchange:c3p0:0.9.5.5")
-	api("com.oracle.database.jdbc:ojdbc11")
-	api("io.projectreactor.netty:reactor-netty-http")
-	api("jakarta.jms:jakarta.jms-api")
-	api("jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api")
-	api("jakarta.resource:jakarta.resource-api")
-	api("jakarta.validation:jakarta.validation-api")
-	api("javax.cache:cache-api")
-	api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-ra:6.1.2")
-	api("org.apache.commons:commons-dbcp2:2.11.0")
-	api("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver")
-	api("org.eclipse.jetty.websocket:jetty-websocket-jetty-api")
-	api("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib")
-
+	implementation(project(":spring-aspects"))
+	implementation(project(":spring-context"))
+	implementation(project(":spring-context-support"))
 	implementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
+	implementation(project(":spring-jdbc"))
+	implementation(project(":spring-jms"))
+	implementation(project(":spring-test"))
+	implementation(project(":spring-web"))
+	implementation(project(":spring-webflux"))
+	implementation(project(":spring-webmvc"))
+	implementation(project(":spring-websocket"))
+
+	implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
+	implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names")
+	implementation("com.mchange:c3p0:0.9.5.5")
+	implementation("com.oracle.database.jdbc:ojdbc11")
+	implementation("io.projectreactor.netty:reactor-netty-http")
+	implementation("jakarta.jms:jakarta.jms-api")
+	implementation("jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api")
+	implementation("jakarta.resource:jakarta.resource-api")
+	implementation("jakarta.validation:jakarta.validation-api")
+	implementation("jakarta.websocket:jakarta.websocket-client-api")
+	implementation("javax.cache:cache-api")
+	implementation("org.apache.activemq:activemq-ra:6.1.2")
+	implementation("org.apache.commons:commons-dbcp2:2.11.0")
+	implementation("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver")
 	implementation("org.assertj:assertj-core")
+	implementation("org.eclipse.jetty.websocket:jetty-websocket-jetty-api")
+	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib")
+	implementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api")
 }

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/appendix.adoc

@@ -92,11 +92,25 @@ the repeated JNDI lookup overhead. See
 {spring-framework-api}++/jndi/JndiLocatorDelegate.html#IGNORE_JNDI_PROPERTY_NAME++[`JndiLocatorDelegate`]
 for details.
 
+| `spring.locking.strict`
+| Instructs Spring to enforce strict locking during bean creation, rather than the mix of
+strict and lenient locking that 6.2 applies by default. See
+{spring-framework-api}++/beans/factory/support/DefaultListableBeanFactory.html#STRICT_LOCKING_PROPERTY_NAME++[`DefaultListableBeanFactory`]
+for details.
+
 | `spring.objenesis.ignore`
 | Instructs Spring to ignore Objenesis, not even attempting to use it. See
 {spring-framework-api}++/objenesis/SpringObjenesis.html#IGNORE_OBJENESIS_PROPERTY_NAME++[`SpringObjenesis`]
 for details.
 
+| `spring.placeholder.escapeCharacter.default`
+| The default escape character for property placeholder support. If not set, `'\'` will
+be used. Can be set to a custom escape character or an empty string to disable support
+for an escape character. The default escape character be explicitly overridden in
+`PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` and subclasses of `AbstractPropertyResolver`. See
+{spring-framework-api}++/core/env/AbstractPropertyResolver.html#DEFAULT_PLACEHOLDER_ESCAPE_CHARACTER_PROPERTY_NAME++[`AbstractPropertyResolver`]
+for details.
+
 | `spring.test.aot.processing.failOnError`
 | A boolean flag that controls whether errors encountered during AOT processing in the
 _Spring TestContext Framework_ should result in an exception that fails the overall process.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/aot.adoc

@@ -469,20 +469,20 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(ClientFactoryBean.class);
-    beanDefinition.setTargetType(ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(ClientFactoryBean.class, MyClient.class));
-    // ...
-    registry.registerBeanDefinition("myClient", beanDefinition);
+	RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(ClientFactoryBean.class);
+	beanDefinition.setTargetType(ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(ClientFactoryBean.class, MyClient.class));
+	// ...
+	registry.registerBeanDefinition("myClient", beanDefinition);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    val beanDefinition = RootBeanDefinition(ClientFactoryBean::class.java)
-    beanDefinition.setTargetType(ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(ClientFactoryBean::class.java, MyClient::class.java));
-    // ...
-    registry.registerBeanDefinition("myClient", beanDefinition)
+	val beanDefinition = RootBeanDefinition(ClientFactoryBean::class.java)
+	beanDefinition.setTargetType(ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(ClientFactoryBean::class.java, MyClient::class.java));
+	// ...
+	registry.registerBeanDefinition("myClient", beanDefinition)
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/annotation-config/autowired.adoc

@@ -444,9 +444,9 @@ through Java 8's `java.util.Optional`, as the following example shows:
 	}
 ----
 
-You can also use a `@Nullable` annotation (of any kind in any package -- for example,
-`javax.annotation.Nullable` from JSR-305) or just leverage Kotlin built-in null-safety
-support:
+You can also use a parameter-level `@Nullable` annotation (of any kind in any package --
+for example, `javax.annotation.Nullable` from JSR-305) or just leverage Kotlin built-in
+null-safety support:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -477,6 +477,13 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
+[NOTE]
+====
+A type-level `@Nullable` annotation such as from JSpecify is not supported in Spring
+Framework 6.2 yet. You need to upgrade to Spring Framework 7.0 where the framework
+detects type-level annotations and consistently declares JSpecify in its own codebase.
+====
+
 You can also use `@Autowired` for interfaces that are well-known resolvable
 dependencies: `BeanFactory`, `ApplicationContext`, `Environment`, `ResourceLoader`,
 `ApplicationEventPublisher`, and `MessageSource`. These interfaces and their extended

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/annotation-config/value-annotations.adoc

@@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    @Component
-    public class MovieRecommender {
+	@Component
+	public class MovieRecommender {
 
-        private final String catalog;
+		private final String catalog;
 
-        public MovieRecommender(@Value("${catalog.name}") String catalog) {
-            this.catalog = catalog;
-        }
-    }
+		public MovieRecommender(@Value("${catalog.name}") String catalog) {
+			this.catalog = catalog;
+		}
+	}
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    @Configuration
-    @PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
-    public class AppConfig { }
+	@Configuration
+	@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
+	public class AppConfig { }
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ And the following `application.properties` file:
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    catalog.name=MovieCatalog
+	catalog.name=MovieCatalog
 ----
 
 In that case, the `catalog` parameter and field will be equal to the `MovieCatalog` value.
@@ -101,8 +101,11 @@ NOTE: When configuring a `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` using JavaConfig
 
 Using the above configuration ensures Spring initialization failure if any `${}`
 placeholder could not be resolved. It is also possible to use methods like
-`setPlaceholderPrefix`, `setPlaceholderSuffix`, `setValueSeparator`, or
-`setEscapeCharacter` to customize placeholders.
+`setPlaceholderPrefix()`, `setPlaceholderSuffix()`, `setValueSeparator()`, or
+`setEscapeCharacter()` to customize the placeholder syntax. In addition, the default
+escape character can be changed or disabled globally by setting the
+`spring.placeholder.escapeCharacter.default` property via a JVM system property (or via
+the xref:appendix.adoc#appendix-spring-properties[`SpringProperties`] mechanism).
 
 NOTE: Spring Boot configures by default a `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` bean that
 will get properties from `application.properties` and `application.yml` files.
@@ -119,15 +122,15 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    @Component
-    public class MovieRecommender {
+	@Component
+	public class MovieRecommender {
 
-        private final String catalog;
+		private final String catalog;
 
-        public MovieRecommender(@Value("${catalog.name:defaultCatalog}") String catalog) {
-            this.catalog = catalog;
-        }
-    }
+		public MovieRecommender(@Value("${catalog.name:defaultCatalog}") String catalog) {
+			this.catalog = catalog;
+		}
+	}
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -150,16 +153,16 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    @Configuration
-    public class AppConfig {
+	@Configuration
+	public class AppConfig {
 
-        @Bean
-        public ConversionService conversionService() {
-            DefaultFormattingConversionService conversionService = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
-            conversionService.addConverter(new MyCustomConverter());
-            return conversionService;
-        }
-    }
+		@Bean
+		public ConversionService conversionService() {
+			DefaultFormattingConversionService conversionService = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
+			conversionService.addConverter(new MyCustomConverter());
+			return conversionService;
+		}
+	}
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -188,15 +191,15 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    @Component
-    public class MovieRecommender {
+	@Component
+	public class MovieRecommender {
 
-        private final String catalog;
+		private final String catalog;
 
-        public MovieRecommender(@Value("#{systemProperties['user.catalog'] + 'Catalog' }") String catalog) {
-            this.catalog = catalog;
-        }
-    }
+		public MovieRecommender(@Value("#{systemProperties['user.catalog'] + 'Catalog' }") String catalog) {
+			this.catalog = catalog;
+		}
+	}
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -217,16 +220,16 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    @Component
-    public class MovieRecommender {
+	@Component
+	public class MovieRecommender {
 
-        private final Map<String, Integer> countOfMoviesPerCatalog;
+		private final Map<String, Integer> countOfMoviesPerCatalog;
 
-        public MovieRecommender(
-                @Value("#{{'Thriller': 100, 'Comedy': 300}}") Map<String, Integer> countOfMoviesPerCatalog) {
-            this.countOfMoviesPerCatalog = countOfMoviesPerCatalog;
-        }
-    }
+		public MovieRecommender(
+				@Value("#{{'Thriller': 100, 'Comedy': 300}}") Map<String, Integer> countOfMoviesPerCatalog) {
+			this.countOfMoviesPerCatalog = countOfMoviesPerCatalog;
+		}
+	}
 ----
 
 Kotlin::

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/basics.adoc

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    val context = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("services.xml", "daos.xml")
+	val context = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("services.xml", "daos.xml")
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -310,16 +310,16 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
+	import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
 
 	// create and configure beans
-    val context = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("services.xml", "daos.xml")
+	val context = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("services.xml", "daos.xml")
 
-    // retrieve configured instance
-    val service = context.getBean<PetStoreService>("petStore")
+	// retrieve configured instance
+	val service = context.getBean<PetStoreService>("petStore")
 
-    // use configured instance
-    var userList = service.getUsernameList()
+	// use configured instance
+	var userList = service.getUsernameList()
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/context-introduction.adoc

@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ the classes above:
 		<property name="notificationAddress" value="blockedlist@example.org"/>
 	</bean>
 
-    <!-- optional: a custom ApplicationEventMulticaster definition -->
+	<!-- optional: a custom ApplicationEventMulticaster definition -->
 	<bean id="applicationEventMulticaster" class="org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster">
 		<property name="taskExecutor" ref="..."/>
 		<property name="errorHandler" ref="..."/>

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/definition.adoc

@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ The following table describes these properties:
 In addition to bean definitions that contain information on how to create a specific
 bean, the `ApplicationContext` implementations also permit the registration of existing
 objects that are created outside the container (by users). This is done by accessing the
-ApplicationContext's `BeanFactory` through the `getBeanFactory()` method, which returns
-the `DefaultListableBeanFactory` implementation. `DefaultListableBeanFactory` supports
-this registration through the `registerSingleton(..)` and `registerBeanDefinition(..)`
+ApplicationContext's `BeanFactory` through the `getAutowireCapableBeanFactory()` method,
+which returns the `DefaultListableBeanFactory` implementation. `DefaultListableBeanFactory`
+supports this registration through the `registerSingleton(..)` and `registerBeanDefinition(..)`
 methods. However, typical applications work solely with beans defined through regular
 bean definition metadata.
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/dependencies/factory-method-injection.adoc

@@ -120,8 +120,6 @@ dynamically generate a subclass that overrides the method.
   subclasses cannot be `final`, and the method to be overridden cannot be `final`, either.
 * Unit-testing a class that has an `abstract` method requires you to subclass the class
   yourself and to supply a stub implementation of the `abstract` method.
-* Concrete methods are also necessary for component scanning, which requires concrete
-  classes to pick up.
 * A further key limitation is that lookup methods do not work with factory methods and
   in particular not with `@Bean` methods in configuration classes, since, in that case,
   the container is not in charge of creating the instance and therefore cannot create
@@ -293,11 +291,6 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-Note that you should typically declare such annotated lookup methods with a concrete
-stub implementation, in order for them to be compatible with Spring's component
-scanning rules where abstract classes get ignored by default. This limitation does not
-apply to explicitly registered or explicitly imported bean classes.
-
 [TIP]
 ====
 Another way of accessing differently scoped target beans is an `ObjectFactory`/

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/factory-extension.adoc

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
+	import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
 
 	fun main() {
 		val ctx = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("scripting/beans.xml")
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ Thus, marking it for lazy initialization will be ignored, and the
 
 
 [[beans-factory-placeholderconfigurer]]
-=== Example: The Class Name Substitution `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer`
+=== Example: Property Placeholder Substitution with `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer`
 
 You can use the `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` to externalize property values
 from a bean definition in a separate file by using the standard Java `Properties` format.
@@ -341,8 +341,8 @@ with placeholder values is defined:
 
 The example shows properties configured from an external `Properties` file. At runtime,
 a `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` is applied to the metadata that replaces some
-properties of the DataSource. The values to replace are specified as placeholders of the
-form pass:q[`${property-name}`], which follows the Ant and log4j and JSP EL style.
+properties of the `DataSource`. The values to replace are specified as placeholders of the
+form pass:q[`${property-name}`], which follows the Ant, log4j, and JSP EL style.
 
 The actual values come from another file in the standard Java `Properties` format:
 
@@ -355,11 +355,15 @@ jdbc.password=root
 ----
 
 Therefore, the `${jdbc.username}` string is replaced at runtime with the value, 'sa', and
-the same applies for other placeholder values that match keys in the properties file.
-The `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` checks for placeholders in most properties and
-attributes of a bean definition. Furthermore, you can customize the placeholder prefix and suffix.
+the same applies for other placeholder values that match keys in the properties file. The
+`PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` checks for placeholders in most properties and
+attributes of a bean definition. Furthermore, you can customize the placeholder prefix,
+suffix, default value separator, and escape character. In addition, the default escape
+character can be changed or disabled globally by setting the
+`spring.placeholder.escapeCharacter.default` property via a JVM system property (or via
+the xref:appendix.adoc#appendix-spring-properties[`SpringProperties`] mechanism).
 
-With the `context` namespace introduced in Spring 2.5, you can configure property placeholders
+With the `context` namespace, you can configure property placeholders
 with a dedicated configuration element. You can provide one or more locations as a
 comma-separated list in the `location` attribute, as the following example shows:
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/spring-jcl.adoc

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 public class MyBean {
 	private final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
-    // ...
+	// ...
 }
 ----
 
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 class MyBean {
-  private val log = LogFactory.getLog(javaClass)
-  // ...
+	private val log = LogFactory.getLog(javaClass)
+	// ...
 }
 ----
 ======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/validation/beanvalidation.adoc

@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ A `ConstraintViolation` on the `degrees` method parameter is adapted to a
 `MessageSourceResolvable` with the following:
 
 - Error codes `"Max.myService#addStudent.degrees"`, `"Max.degrees"`, `"Max.int"`, `"Max"`
-- Message arguments "degrees2 and 2 (the field name and the constraint attribute)
+- Message arguments "degrees" and 2 (the field name and the constraint attribute)
 - Default message "must be less than or equal to 2"
 
 To customize the above default message, you can add a property such as:

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/data-access/jdbc/embedded-database-support.adoc

@@ -78,27 +78,27 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    @Configuration
-    public class DataSourceConfig {
+	@Configuration
+	public class DataSourceConfig {
 
-        @Bean
-        public DataSource dataSource() {
-            return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
-                    .setDatabaseConfigurer(EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurers
-                            .customizeConfigurer(H2, this::customize))
-                    .addScript("schema.sql")
-                    .build();
-        }
+		@Bean
+		public DataSource dataSource() {
+			return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
+					.setDatabaseConfigurer(EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurers
+							.customizeConfigurer(H2, this::customize))
+					.addScript("schema.sql")
+					.build();
+		}
 
-        private EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurer customize(EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurer defaultConfigurer) {
-            return new EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurerDelegate(defaultConfigurer) {
-                @Override
-                public void configureConnectionProperties(ConnectionProperties properties, String databaseName) {
-                    super.configureConnectionProperties(properties, databaseName);
-                    properties.setDriverClass(CustomDriver.class);
-                }
-            };
-        }
+		private EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurer customize(EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurer defaultConfigurer) {
+			return new EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurerDelegate(defaultConfigurer) {
+				@Override
+				public void configureConnectionProperties(ConnectionProperties properties, String databaseName) {
+					super.configureConnectionProperties(properties, databaseName);
+					properties.setDriverClass(CustomDriver.class);
+				}
+			};
+		}
 	}
 ----
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/data-access/r2dbc.adoc

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Mono<Void> completion = client.sql("CREATE TABLE person (id VARCHAR(255) PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), age INTEGER);")
-	        .then();
+			.then();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("CREATE TABLE person (id VARCHAR(255) PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), age INTEGER);")
-	        .await()
+			.await()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Mono<Map<String, Object>> first = client.sql("SELECT id, name FROM person")
-	        .fetch().first();
+			.fetch().first();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	val first = client.sql("SELECT id, name FROM person")
-	        .fetch().awaitSingle()
+			.fetch().awaitSingle()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Mono<Map<String, Object>> first = client.sql("SELECT id, name FROM person WHERE first_name = :fn")
-	        .bind("fn", "Joe")
-	        .fetch().first();
+			.bind("fn", "Joe")
+			.fetch().first();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	val first = client.sql("SELECT id, name FROM person WHERE first_name = :fn")
-	        .bind("fn", "Joe")
-	        .fetch().awaitSingle()
+			.bind("fn", "Joe")
+			.fetch().awaitSingle()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -240,8 +240,8 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Flux<String> names = client.sql("SELECT name FROM person")
-	        .map(row -> row.get("name", String.class))
-	        .all();
+			.map(row -> row.get("name", String.class))
+			.all();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -249,8 +249,8 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	val names = client.sql("SELECT name FROM person")
-	        .map{ row: Row -> row.get("name", String.class) }
-	        .flow()
+			.map{ row: Row -> row.get("name", String.class) }
+			.flow()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -301,8 +301,8 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Mono<Integer> affectedRows = client.sql("UPDATE person SET first_name = :fn")
-	        .bind("fn", "Joe")
-	        .fetch().rowsUpdated();
+			.bind("fn", "Joe")
+			.fetch().rowsUpdated();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -310,8 +310,8 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	val affectedRows = client.sql("UPDATE person SET first_name = :fn")
-	        .bind("fn", "Joe")
-	        .fetch().awaitRowsUpdated()
+			.bind("fn", "Joe")
+			.fetch().awaitRowsUpdated()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -337,9 +337,9 @@ The following example shows parameter binding for a query:
 
 [source,java]
 ----
-    db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
-	    	.bind("id", "joe")
-	    	.bind("name", "Joe")
+	db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
+			.bind("id", "joe")
+			.bind("name", "Joe")
 			.bind("age", 34);
 ----
 
@@ -369,9 +369,9 @@ Indices are zero based.
 
 [source,java]
 ----
-    db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
-	    	.bind(0, "joe")
-	    	.bind(1, "Joe")
+	db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
+			.bind(0, "joe")
+			.bind(1, "Joe")
 			.bind(2, 34);
 ----
 
@@ -379,9 +379,9 @@ In case your application is binding to many parameters, the same can be achieved
 
 [source,java]
 ----
-    List<?> values = List.of("joe", "Joe", 34);
-    db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
-	    	.bindValues(values);
+	List<?> values = List.of("joe", "Joe", 34);
+	db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
+			.bindValues(values);
 ----
 
 
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ Java::
 	tuples.add(new Object[] {"Ann",  50});
 
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table WHERE (name, age) IN (:tuples)")
-		    .bind("tuples", tuples);
+			.bind("tuples", tuples);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ Kotlin::
 	tuples.add(arrayOf("Ann", 50))
 
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table WHERE (name, age) IN (:tuples)")
-		    .bind("tuples", tuples)
+			.bind("tuples", tuples)
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table WHERE age IN (:ages)")
-		    .bind("ages", Arrays.asList(35, 50));
+			.bind("ages", Arrays.asList(35, 50));
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table WHERE age IN (:ages)")
-		    .bind("ages", arrayOf(35, 50))
+			.bind("ages", arrayOf(35, 50))
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -490,9 +490,9 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("INSERT INTO table (name, state) VALUES(:name, :state)")
-		    .filter((s, next) -> next.execute(s.returnGeneratedValues("id")))
-		    .bind("name", …)
-		    .bind("state", …);
+			.filter((s, next) -> next.execute(s.returnGeneratedValues("id")))
+			.bind("name", …)
+			.bind("state", …);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("INSERT INTO table (name, state) VALUES(:name, :state)")
-		    .filter(statement -> s.returnGeneratedValues("id"));
+			.filter(statement -> s.returnGeneratedValues("id"));
 
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table")
-		    .filter(statement -> s.fetchSize(25));
+			.filter(statement -> s.fetchSize(25));
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -527,10 +527,10 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("INSERT INTO table (name, state) VALUES(:name, :state)")
-		    .filter { statement -> s.returnGeneratedValues("id") }
+			.filter { statement -> s.returnGeneratedValues("id") }
 
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table")
-		    .filter { statement -> s.fetchSize(25) }
+			.filter { statement -> s.fetchSize(25) }
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/index.adoc

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ xref:overview.adoc[Overview] :: History, Design Philosophy, Feedback,
 Getting Started.
 xref:core.adoc[Core] :: IoC Container, Events, Resources, i18n,
 Validation, Data Binding, Type Conversion, SpEL, AOP, AOT.
-<<testing.adoc#testing, Testing>> :: Mock Objects, TestContext Framework,
+xref:testing.adoc[Testing] :: Mock Objects, TestContext Framework,
 Spring MVC Test, WebTestClient.
 xref:data-access.adoc[Data Access] :: Transactions, DAO Support,
 JDBC, R2DBC, O/R Mapping, XML Marshalling.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/integration/cds.adoc

@@ -55,11 +55,11 @@ a "shared objects file" source, as shown in the following example:
 
 [source,shell,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
 ----
-    [0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentCapable source: shared objects file (top)
-    [0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory source: shared objects file (top)
-    [0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.ListableBeanFactory source: shared objects file (top)
-    [0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.HierarchicalBeanFactory source: shared objects file (top)
-    [0.065s][info][class,load] org.springframework.context.MessageSource source: shared objects file (top)
+	[0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentCapable source: shared objects file (top)
+	[0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory source: shared objects file (top)
+	[0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.ListableBeanFactory source: shared objects file (top)
+	[0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.HierarchicalBeanFactory source: shared objects file (top)
+	[0.065s][info][class,load] org.springframework.context.MessageSource source: shared objects file (top)
 ----
 
 If CDS can't be enabled or if you have a large number of classes that are not loaded from the cache, make sure that

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/integration/rest-clients.adoc

@@ -30,36 +30,36 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
 ----
-RestClient defaultClient = RestClient.create();
-
-RestClient customClient = RestClient.builder()
-  .requestFactory(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
-  .messageConverters(converters -> converters.add(new MyCustomMessageConverter()))
-  .baseUrl("https://example.com")
-  .defaultUriVariables(Map.of("variable", "foo"))
-  .defaultHeader("My-Header", "Foo")
-  .defaultCookie("My-Cookie", "Bar")
-  .requestInterceptor(myCustomInterceptor)
-  .requestInitializer(myCustomInitializer)
-  .build();
+	RestClient defaultClient = RestClient.create();
+	
+	RestClient customClient = RestClient.builder()
+		.requestFactory(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
+		.messageConverters(converters -> converters.add(new MyCustomMessageConverter()))
+		.baseUrl("https://example.com")
+		.defaultUriVariables(Map.of("variable", "foo"))
+		.defaultHeader("My-Header", "Foo")
+		.defaultCookie("My-Cookie", "Bar")
+		.requestInterceptor(myCustomInterceptor)
+		.requestInitializer(myCustomInitializer)
+		.build();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
 ----
-val defaultClient = RestClient.create()
-
-val customClient = RestClient.builder()
-  .requestFactory(HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
-  .messageConverters { converters -> converters.add(MyCustomMessageConverter()) }
-  .baseUrl("https://example.com")
-  .defaultUriVariables(mapOf("variable" to "foo"))
-  .defaultHeader("My-Header", "Foo")
-  .defaultCookie("My-Cookie", "Bar")
-  .requestInterceptor(myCustomInterceptor)
-  .requestInitializer(myCustomInitializer)
-  .build()
+	val defaultClient = RestClient.create()
+	
+	val customClient = RestClient.builder()
+		.requestFactory(HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
+		.messageConverters { converters -> converters.add(MyCustomMessageConverter()) }
+		.baseUrl("https://example.com")
+		.defaultUriVariables(mapOf("variable" to "foo"))
+		.defaultHeader("My-Header", "Foo")
+		.defaultCookie("My-Cookie", "Bar")
+		.requestInterceptor(myCustomInterceptor)
+		.requestInitializer(myCustomInitializer)
+		.build()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -81,20 +81,20 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-int id = 42;
-restClient.get()
-  .uri("https://example.com/orders/{id}", id)
-  ....
+	int id = 42;
+	restClient.get()
+		.uri("https://example.com/orders/{id}", id)
+		// ...
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-val id = 42
-restClient.get()
-  .uri("https://example.com/orders/{id}", id)
-  ...
+	val id = 42
+	restClient.get()
+		.uri("https://example.com/orders/{id}", id)
+		// ...
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -115,11 +115,15 @@ Finally, the body can be set to a callback function that writes to an `OutputStr
 
 ==== Retrieving the response
 
-Once the request has been set up, the HTTP response is accessed by invoking `retrieve()`.
-The response body can be accessed by using `body(Class)` or `body(ParameterizedTypeReference)` for parameterized types like lists.
+Once the request has been set up, it can be sent by chaining method calls after `retrieve()`.
+For example, the response body can be accessed by using `retrieve().body(Class)` or `retrieve().body(ParameterizedTypeReference)` for parameterized types like lists.
 The `body` method converts the response contents into various types – for instance, bytes can be converted into a `String`, JSON can be converted into objects using Jackson, and so on (see <<rest-message-conversion>>).
 
-The response can also be converted into a `ResponseEntity`, giving access to the response headers as well as the body.
+The response can also be converted into a `ResponseEntity`, giving access to the response headers as well as the body, with `retrieve().toEntity(Class)`
+
+NOTE: Calling `retrieve()` by itself is a no-op and returns a `ResponseSpec`.
+Applications must invoke a terminal operation on the `ResponseSpec` to have any side effect.
+If consuming the response has no interest for your use case, you can use `retrieve().toBodilessEntity()`.
 
 This sample shows how `RestClient` can be used to perform a simple `GET` request.
 
@@ -129,12 +133,12 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-String result = restClient.get() <1>
-  .uri("https://example.com") <2>
-  .retrieve() <3>
-  .body(String.class); <4>
-
-System.out.println(result); <5>
+	String result = restClient.get() <1>
+		.uri("https://example.com") <2>
+		.retrieve() <3>
+		.body(String.class); <4>
+	
+	System.out.println(result); <5>
 ----
 <1> Set up a GET request
 <2> Specify the URL to connect to
@@ -146,12 +150,12 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-val result= restClient.get() <1>
-  .uri("https://example.com") <2>
-  .retrieve() <3>
-  .body<String>() <4>
-
-println(result) <5>
+	val result= restClient.get() <1>
+		.uri("https://example.com") <2>
+		.retrieve() <3>
+		.body<String>() <4>
+	
+	println(result) <5>
 ----
 <1> Set up a GET request
 <2> Specify the URL to connect to
@@ -168,14 +172,14 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-ResponseEntity<String> result = restClient.get() <1>
-  .uri("https://example.com") <1>
-  .retrieve()
-  .toEntity(String.class); <2>
-
-System.out.println("Response status: " + result.getStatusCode()); <3>
-System.out.println("Response headers: " + result.getHeaders()); <3>
-System.out.println("Contents: " + result.getBody()); <3>
+	ResponseEntity<String> result = restClient.get() <1>
+		.uri("https://example.com") <1>
+		.retrieve()
+		.toEntity(String.class); <2>
+	
+	System.out.println("Response status: " + result.getStatusCode()); <3>
+	System.out.println("Response headers: " + result.getHeaders()); <3>
+	System.out.println("Contents: " + result.getBody()); <3>
 ----
 <1> Set up a GET request for the specified URL
 <2> Convert the response into a `ResponseEntity`
@@ -185,14 +189,14 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-val result = restClient.get() <1>
-  .uri("https://example.com") <1>
-  .retrieve()
-  .toEntity<String>() <2>
-
-println("Response status: " + result.statusCode) <3>
-println("Response headers: " + result.headers) <3>
-println("Contents: " + result.body) <3>
+	val result = restClient.get() <1>
+		.uri("https://example.com") <1>
+		.retrieve()
+		.toEntity<String>() <2>
+	
+	println("Response status: " + result.statusCode) <3>
+	println("Response headers: " + result.headers) <3>
+	println("Contents: " + result.body) <3>
 ----
 <1> Set up a GET request for the specified URL
 <2> Convert the response into a `ResponseEntity`
@@ -208,12 +212,12 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-int id = ...;
-Pet pet = restClient.get()
-  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id) <1>
-  .accept(APPLICATION_JSON) <2>
-  .retrieve()
-  .body(Pet.class); <3>
+	int id = ...;
+	Pet pet = restClient.get()
+		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id) <1>
+		.accept(APPLICATION_JSON) <2>
+		.retrieve()
+		.body(Pet.class); <3>
 ----
 <1> Using URI variables
 <2> Set the `Accept` header to `application/json`
@@ -223,12 +227,12 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-val id = ...
-val pet = restClient.get()
-  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id) <1>
-  .accept(APPLICATION_JSON) <2>
-  .retrieve()
-  .body<Pet>() <3>
+	val id = ...
+	val pet = restClient.get()
+		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id) <1>
+		.accept(APPLICATION_JSON) <2>
+		.retrieve()
+		.body<Pet>() <3>
 ----
 <1> Using URI variables
 <2> Set the `Accept` header to `application/json`
@@ -243,13 +247,13 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-Pet pet = ... <1>
-ResponseEntity<Void> response = restClient.post() <2>
-  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/new") <2>
-  .contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) <3>
-  .body(pet) <4>
-  .retrieve()
-  .toBodilessEntity(); <5>
+	Pet pet = ... <1>
+	ResponseEntity<Void> response = restClient.post() <2>
+		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/new") <2>
+		.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) <3>
+		.body(pet) <4>
+		.retrieve()
+		.toBodilessEntity(); <5>
 ----
 <1> Create a `Pet` domain object
 <2> Set up a POST request, and the URL to connect to
@@ -261,13 +265,13 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-val pet: Pet = ... <1>
-val response = restClient.post() <2>
-  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/new") <2>
-  .contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) <3>
-  .body(pet) <4>
-  .retrieve()
-  .toBodilessEntity() <5>
+	val pet: Pet = ... <1>
+	val response = restClient.post() <2>
+		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/new") <2>
+		.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) <3>
+		.body(pet) <4>
+		.retrieve()
+		.toBodilessEntity() <5>
 ----
 <1> Create a `Pet` domain object
 <2> Set up a POST request, and the URL to connect to
@@ -287,13 +291,13 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-String result = restClient.get() <1>
-  .uri("https://example.com/this-url-does-not-exist") <1>
-  .retrieve()
-  .onStatus(HttpStatusCode::is4xxClientError, (request, response) -> { <2>
-      throw new MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()); <3>
-  })
-  .body(String.class);
+	String result = restClient.get() <1>
+		.uri("https://example.com/this-url-does-not-exist") <1>
+		.retrieve()
+		.onStatus(HttpStatusCode::is4xxClientError, (request, response) -> { <2>
+			throw new MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()); <3>
+		})
+		.body(String.class);
 ----
 <1> Create a GET request for a URL that returns a 404 status code
 <2> Set up a status handler for all 4xx status codes
@@ -303,12 +307,12 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-val result = restClient.get() <1>
-  .uri("https://example.com/this-url-does-not-exist") <1>
-  .retrieve()
-  .onStatus(HttpStatusCode::is4xxClientError) { _, response -> <2>
-    throw MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()) } <3>
-  .body<String>()
+	val result = restClient.get() <1>
+		.uri("https://example.com/this-url-does-not-exist") <1>
+		.retrieve()
+		.onStatus(HttpStatusCode::is4xxClientError) { _, response -> <2>
+			throw MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()) } <3>
+		.body<String>()
 ----
 <1> Create a GET request for a URL that returns a 404 status code
 <2> Set up a status handler for all 4xx status codes
@@ -326,18 +330,18 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-Pet result = restClient.get()
-  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id)
-  .accept(APPLICATION_JSON)
-  .exchange((request, response) -> { <1>
-    if (response.getStatusCode().is4xxClientError()) { <2>
-      throw new MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()); <2>
-    }
-    else {
-      Pet pet = convertResponse(response); <3>
-      return pet;
-    }
-  });
+	Pet result = restClient.get()
+		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id)
+		.accept(APPLICATION_JSON)
+		.exchange((request, response) -> { <1>
+			if (response.getStatusCode().is4xxClientError()) { <2>
+				throw new MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()); <2>
+			}
+			else {
+				Pet pet = convertResponse(response); <3>
+				return pet;
+			}
+		});
 ----
 <1> `exchange` provides the request and response
 <2> Throw an exception when the response has a 4xx status code
@@ -347,17 +351,17 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-val result = restClient.get()
-  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id)
-  .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
-  .exchange { request, response -> <1>
-    if (response.getStatusCode().is4xxClientError()) { <2>
-      throw MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()) <2>
-    } else {
-      val pet: Pet = convertResponse(response) <3>
-      pet
-    }
-  }
+	val result = restClient.get()
+		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id)
+		.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
+		.exchange { request, response -> <1>
+			if (response.getStatusCode().is4xxClientError()) { <2>
+				throw MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()) <2>
+			} else {
+				val pet: Pet = convertResponse(response) <3>
+				pet
+			}
+		}
 ----
 <1> `exchange` provides the request and response
 <2> Throw an exception when the response has a 4xx status code
@@ -376,15 +380,14 @@ To serialize only a subset of the object properties, you can specify a {baeldung
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
 ----
-MappingJacksonValue value = new MappingJacksonValue(new User("eric", "7!jd#h23"));
-value.setSerializationView(User.WithoutPasswordView.class);
-
-ResponseEntity<Void> response = restClient.post() // or RestTemplate.postForEntity
-  .contentType(APPLICATION_JSON)
-  .body(value)
-  .retrieve()
-  .toBodilessEntity();
-
+	MappingJacksonValue value = new MappingJacksonValue(new User("eric", "7!jd#h23"));
+	value.setSerializationView(User.WithoutPasswordView.class);
+	
+	ResponseEntity<Void> response = restClient.post() // or RestTemplate.postForEntity
+		.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON)
+		.body(value)
+		.retrieve()
+		.toBodilessEntity();
 ----
 
 ==== Multipart
@@ -394,24 +397,24 @@ For example:
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
 ----
-MultiValueMap<String, Object> parts = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
-
-parts.add("fieldPart", "fieldValue");
-parts.add("filePart", new FileSystemResource("...logo.png"));
-parts.add("jsonPart", new Person("Jason"));
-
-HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
-headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
-parts.add("xmlPart", new HttpEntity<>(myBean, headers));
-
-// send using RestClient.post or RestTemplate.postForEntity
+	MultiValueMap<String, Object> parts = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
+	
+	parts.add("fieldPart", "fieldValue");
+	parts.add("filePart", new FileSystemResource("...logo.png"));
+	parts.add("jsonPart", new Person("Jason"));
+	
+	HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
+	headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
+	parts.add("xmlPart", new HttpEntity<>(myBean, headers));
+	
+	// send using RestClient.post or RestTemplate.postForEntity
 ----
 
 In most cases, you do not have to specify the `Content-Type` for each part.
 The content type is determined automatically based on the `HttpMessageConverter` chosen to serialize it or, in the case of a `Resource`, based on the file extension.
 If necessary, you can explicitly provide the `MediaType` with an `HttpEntity` wrapper.
 
-Once the `MultiValueMap` is ready, you can use it as the body of a `POST` request, using  `RestClient.post().body(parts)` (or `RestTemplate.postForObject`).
+Once the `MultiValueMap` is ready, you can use it as the body of a `POST` request, using `RestClient.post().body(parts)` (or `RestTemplate.postForObject`).
 
 If the `MultiValueMap` contains at least one non-`String` value, the `Content-Type` is set to `multipart/form-data` by the `FormHttpMessageConverter`.
 If the `MultiValueMap` has `String` values, the `Content-Type` defaults to `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.
@@ -853,7 +856,7 @@ Start by creating the interface with `@HttpExchange` methods:
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	interface RepositoryService {
+	public interface RepositoryService {
 
 		@GetExchange("/repos/{owner}/{repo}")
 		Repository getRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo);
@@ -904,7 +907,7 @@ For `RestTemplate`:
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	@HttpExchange(url = "/repos/{owner}/{repo}", accept = "application/vnd.github.v3+json")
-	interface RepositoryService {
+	public interface RepositoryService {
 
 		@GetExchange
 		Repository getRepository(@PathVariable String owner, @PathVariable String repo);
@@ -988,6 +991,27 @@ parameter annotation) is set to `false`, or the parameter is marked optional as
 
 
 
+[[rest-http-interface.custom-resolver]]
+=== Custom argument resolver
+
+For more complex cases, HTTP interfaces do not support `RequestEntity` types as method parameters.
+This would take over the entire HTTP request and not improve the semantics of the interface.
+Instead of adding many method parameters, developers can combine them into a custom type
+and configure a dedicated `HttpServiceArgumentResolver` implementation.
+
+In the following HTTP interface, we are using a custom `Search` type as a parameter:
+
+include-code::./CustomHttpServiceArgumentResolver[tag=httpinterface,indent=0]
+
+We can implement our own `HttpServiceArgumentResolver` that supports our custom `Search` type
+and writes its data in the outgoing HTTP request.
+
+include-code::./CustomHttpServiceArgumentResolver[tag=argumentresolver,indent=0]
+
+Finally, we can use this argument resolver during the setup and use our HTTP interface.
+
+include-code::./CustomHttpServiceArgumentResolver[tag=usage,indent=0]
+
 [[rest-http-interface-return-values]]
 === Return Values
 
@@ -1112,11 +1136,11 @@ performed through the client:
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
-    restTemplate.setErrorHandler(myErrorHandler);
-
-    RestTemplateAdapter adapter = RestTemplateAdapter.create(restTemplate);
-    HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builderFor(adapter).build();
+	RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
+	restTemplate.setErrorHandler(myErrorHandler);
+	
+	RestTemplateAdapter adapter = RestTemplateAdapter.create(restTemplate);
+	HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builderFor(adapter).build();
 ----
 
 For more details and options, see the Javadoc of `setErrorHandler` in `RestTemplate` and

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/languages/kotlin/coroutines.adoc

@@ -215,45 +215,43 @@ For suspending functions, a `TransactionalOperator.executeAndAwait` extension is
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-    import org.springframework.transaction.reactive.executeAndAwait
+	import org.springframework.transaction.reactive.executeAndAwait
 
-    class PersonRepository(private val operator: TransactionalOperator) {
+	class PersonRepository(private val operator: TransactionalOperator) {
 
-        suspend fun initDatabase() = operator.executeAndAwait {
-            insertPerson1()
-            insertPerson2()
-        }
+		suspend fun initDatabase() = operator.executeAndAwait {
+			insertPerson1()
+			insertPerson2()
+		}
 
-        private suspend fun insertPerson1() {
-            // INSERT SQL statement
-        }
+		private suspend fun insertPerson1() {
+			// INSERT SQL statement
+		}
 
-        private suspend fun insertPerson2() {
-            // INSERT SQL statement
-        }
-    }
+		private suspend fun insertPerson2() {
+			// INSERT SQL statement
+		}
+	}
 ----
 
 For Kotlin `Flow`, a  `Flow<T>.transactional` extension is provided.
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-    import org.springframework.transaction.reactive.transactional
+	import org.springframework.transaction.reactive.transactional
 
-    class PersonRepository(private val operator: TransactionalOperator) {
+	class PersonRepository(private val operator: TransactionalOperator) {
 
-        fun updatePeople() = findPeople().map(::updatePerson).transactional(operator)
+		fun updatePeople() = findPeople().map(::updatePerson).transactional(operator)
 
-        private fun findPeople(): Flow<Person> {
-            // SELECT SQL statement
-        }
+		private fun findPeople(): Flow<Person> {
+			// SELECT SQL statement
+		}
 
-        private suspend fun updatePerson(person: Person): Person {
-            // UPDATE SQL statement
-        }
-    }
+		private suspend fun updatePerson(person: Person): Person {
+			// UPDATE SQL statement
+		}
+	}
 ----
 
 
-
-

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/languages/kotlin/spring-projects-in.adoc

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ NOTE: If you use Spring Boot, you should probably use
 instead of `@Value` annotations.
 
 As an alternative, you can customize the property placeholder prefix by declaring the
-following configuration beans:
+following `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` bean:
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
@@ -200,8 +200,10 @@ following configuration beans:
 	}
 ----
 
-You can customize existing code (such as Spring Boot actuators or `@LocalServerPort`)
-that uses the `${...}` syntax, with configuration beans, as the following example shows:
+You can support components (such as Spring Boot actuators or `@LocalServerPort`) that use
+the standard `${...}` syntax alongside components that use the custom `%{...}` syntax by
+declaring multiple `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` beans, as the following example
+shows:
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
@@ -215,6 +217,9 @@ that uses the `${...}` syntax, with configuration beans, as the following exampl
 	fun defaultPropertyConfigurer() = PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer()
 ----
 
+In addition, the default escape character can be changed or disabled globally by setting
+the `spring.placeholder.escapeCharacter.default` property via a JVM system property (or
+via the xref:appendix.adoc#appendix-spring-properties[`SpringProperties`] mechanism).
 
 
 [[checked-exceptions]]
@@ -296,17 +301,17 @@ for example when writing a `org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-class ListOfFooConverter : Converter<List<Foo>, CustomJavaList<out Foo>> {
-    // ...
-}
+	class ListOfFooConverter : Converter<List<Foo>, CustomJavaList<out Foo>> {
+		// ...
+	}
 ----
 
 When converting any kind of objects, star projection with `*` can be used instead of `out Any`.
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-class ListOfAnyConverter : Converter<List<*>, CustomJavaList<*>> {
-    // ...
-}
+	class ListOfAnyConverter : Converter<List<*>, CustomJavaList<*>> {
+		// ...
+	}
 ----
 
 NOTE: Spring Framework does not leverage yet declaration-site variance type information for injecting beans,
@@ -340,13 +345,14 @@ file with a `spring.test.constructor.autowire.mode = all` property.
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
-@TestConstructor(autowireMode = AutowireMode.ALL)
-class OrderServiceIntegrationTests(val orderService: OrderService,
-                                   val customerService: CustomerService) {
-
-    // tests that use the injected OrderService and CustomerService
-}
+	@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
+	@TestConstructor(autowireMode = AutowireMode.ALL)
+	class OrderServiceIntegrationTests(
+					val orderService: OrderService,
+					val customerService: CustomerService) {
+	
+		// tests that use the injected OrderService and CustomerService
+	}
 ----
 
 
@@ -368,29 +374,29 @@ The following example demonstrates `@BeforeAll` and `@AfterAll` annotations on n
 @TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
 class IntegrationTests {
 
-  val application = Application(8181)
-  val client = WebClient.create("http://localhost:8181")
+	val application = Application(8181)
+	val client = WebClient.create("http://localhost:8181")
 
-  @BeforeAll
-  fun beforeAll() {
-    application.start()
-  }
+	@BeforeAll
+	fun beforeAll() {
+		application.start()
+	}
 
-  @Test
-  fun `Find all users on HTML page`() {
-    client.get().uri("/users")
-        .accept(TEXT_HTML)
-        .retrieve()
-        .bodyToMono<String>()
-        .test()
-        .expectNextMatches { it.contains("Foo") }
-        .verifyComplete()
-  }
+	@Test
+	fun `Find all users on HTML page`() {
+		client.get().uri("/users")
+				.accept(TEXT_HTML)
+				.retrieve()
+				.bodyToMono<String>()
+				.test()
+				.expectNextMatches { it.contains("Foo") }
+				.verifyComplete()
+	}
 
-  @AfterAll
-  fun afterAll() {
-    application.stop()
-  }
+	@AfterAll
+	fun afterAll() {
+		application.stop()
+	}
 }
 ----
 
@@ -403,26 +409,27 @@ The following example shows how to do so:
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-class SpecificationLikeTests {
+	class SpecificationLikeTests {
+	
+		@Nested
+		@DisplayName("a calculator")
+		inner class Calculator {
 
-  @Nested
-  @DisplayName("a calculator")
-  inner class Calculator {
-     val calculator = SampleCalculator()
-
-     @Test
-     fun `should return the result of adding the first number to the second number`() {
-        val sum = calculator.sum(2, 4)
-        assertEquals(6, sum)
-     }
-
-     @Test
-     fun `should return the result of subtracting the second number from the first number`() {
-        val subtract = calculator.subtract(4, 2)
-        assertEquals(2, subtract)
-     }
-  }
-}
+			val calculator = SampleCalculator()
+	
+			@Test
+			fun `should return the result of adding the first number to the second number`() {
+				val sum = calculator.sum(2, 4)
+				assertEquals(6, sum)
+			}
+	
+			@Test
+			fun `should return the result of subtracting the second number from the first number`() {
+				val subtract = calculator.subtract(4, 2)
+				assertEquals(2, subtract)
+			}
+		}
+	}
 ----
 
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/languages/kotlin/web.adoc

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 [[kotlin-web]]
 = Web
 
-
-
 [[router-dsl]]
 == Router DSL
 
@@ -16,27 +14,27 @@ These DSL let you write clean and idiomatic Kotlin code to build a `RouterFuncti
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-@Configuration
-class RouterRouterConfiguration {
-
-	@Bean
-	fun mainRouter(userHandler: UserHandler) = router {
-		accept(TEXT_HTML).nest {
-			GET("/") { ok().render("index") }
-			GET("/sse") { ok().render("sse") }
-			GET("/users", userHandler::findAllView)
-		}
-		"/api".nest {
-			accept(APPLICATION_JSON).nest {
-				GET("/users", userHandler::findAll)
+	@Configuration
+	class RouterRouterConfiguration {
+	
+		@Bean
+		fun mainRouter(userHandler: UserHandler) = router {
+			accept(TEXT_HTML).nest {
+				GET("/") { ok().render("index") }
+				GET("/sse") { ok().render("sse") }
+				GET("/users", userHandler::findAllView)
 			}
-			accept(TEXT_EVENT_STREAM).nest {
-				GET("/users", userHandler::stream)
+			"/api".nest {
+				accept(APPLICATION_JSON).nest {
+					GET("/users", userHandler::findAll)
+				}
+				accept(TEXT_EVENT_STREAM).nest {
+					GET("/users", userHandler::stream)
+				}
 			}
+			resources("/**", ClassPathResource("static/"))
 		}
-		resources("/**", ClassPathResource("static/"))
 	}
-}
 ----
 
 NOTE: This DSL is programmatic, meaning that it allows custom registration logic of beans
@@ -55,22 +53,22 @@ idiomatic Kotlin API and to allow better discoverability (no usage of static met
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-val mockMvc: MockMvc = ...
-mockMvc.get("/person/{name}", "Lee") {
-	secure = true
-	accept = APPLICATION_JSON
-	headers {
-		contentLanguage = Locale.FRANCE
+	val mockMvc: MockMvc = ...
+	mockMvc.get("/person/{name}", "Lee") {
+		secure = true
+		accept = APPLICATION_JSON
+		headers {
+			contentLanguage = Locale.FRANCE
+		}
+		principal = Principal { "foo" }
+	}.andExpect {
+		status { isOk }
+		content { contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) }
+		jsonPath("$.name") { value("Lee") }
+		content { json("""{"someBoolean": false}""", false) }
+	}.andDo {
+		print()
 	}
-	principal = Principal { "foo" }
-}.andExpect {
-	status { isOk }
-	content { contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) }
-	jsonPath("$.name") { value("Lee") }
-	content { json("""{"someBoolean": false}""", false) }
-}.andDo {
-	print()
-}
 ----
 
 
@@ -89,9 +87,9 @@ is possible to use such feature to render Kotlin-based templates with
 `build.gradle.kts`
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-dependencies {
-        runtime("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-scripting-jsr223:${kotlinVersion}")
-}
+	dependencies {
+		runtime("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-scripting-jsr223:${kotlinVersion}")
+	}
 ----
 
 Configuration is usually done with `ScriptTemplateConfigurer` and `ScriptTemplateViewResolver` beans.
@@ -99,23 +97,23 @@ Configuration is usually done with `ScriptTemplateConfigurer` and `ScriptTemplat
 `KotlinScriptConfiguration.kt`
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-@Configuration
-class KotlinScriptConfiguration {
-
-    @Bean
-	fun kotlinScriptConfigurer() = ScriptTemplateConfigurer().apply {
-		engineName = "kotlin"
-		setScripts("scripts/render.kts")
-		renderFunction = "render"
-		isSharedEngine = false
+	@Configuration
+	class KotlinScriptConfiguration {
+	
+		@Bean
+		fun kotlinScriptConfigurer() = ScriptTemplateConfigurer().apply {
+			engineName = "kotlin"
+			setScripts("scripts/render.kts")
+			renderFunction = "render"
+			isSharedEngine = false
+		}
+	
+		@Bean
+		fun kotlinScriptViewResolver() = ScriptTemplateViewResolver().apply {
+			setPrefix("templates/")
+			setSuffix(".kts")
+		}
 	}
-
-    @Bean
-    fun kotlinScriptViewResolver() = ScriptTemplateViewResolver().apply {
-        setPrefix("templates/")
-        setSuffix(".kts")
-    }
-}
 ----
 
 See the https://github.com/sdeleuze/kotlin-script-templating[kotlin-script-templating] example
@@ -127,7 +125,7 @@ project for more details.
 == Kotlin multiplatform serialization
 
 {kotlin-github-org}/kotlinx.serialization[Kotlin multiplatform serialization] is
-supported in Spring MVC, Spring WebFlux and Spring Messaging (RSocket). The builtin support currently targets CBOR, JSON, and ProtoBuf formats.
+supported in Spring MVC, Spring WebFlux and Spring Messaging (RSocket). The built-in support currently targets CBOR, JSON, and ProtoBuf formats.
 
 To enable it, follow {kotlin-github-org}/kotlinx.serialization#setup[those instructions] to add the related dependency and plugin.
 With Spring MVC and WebFlux, both Kotlin serialization and Jackson will be configured by default if they are in the classpath since
@@ -135,6 +133,3 @@ Kotlin serialization is designed to serialize only Kotlin classes annotated with
 With Spring Messaging (RSocket), make sure that neither Jackson, GSON or JSONB are in the classpath if you want automatic configuration,
 if Jackson is needed configure `KotlinSerializationJsonMessageConverter` manually.
 
-
-
-

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/annotations/integration-junit4.adoc

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 = Spring JUnit 4 Testing Annotations
 
 The following annotations are supported only when used in conjunction with the
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit4-runner[SpringRunner], xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit4-rules[Spring's JUnit 4 rules]
-, or xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-support-classes-junit4[Spring's JUnit 4 support classes]:
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit4-runner[SpringRunner],
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit4-rules[Spring's JUnit 4 rules], or
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-support-classes-junit4[Spring's JUnit 4 support classes]:
 
 * xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit4.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-junit4-ifprofilevalue[`@IfProfileValue`]
 * xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit4.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-junit4-profilevaluesourceconfiguration[`@ProfileValueSourceConfiguration`]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-mockitobean.adoc

@@ -1,34 +1,77 @@
 [[spring-testing-annotation-beanoverriding-mockitobean]]
 = `@MockitoBean` and `@MockitoSpyBean`
 
-`@MockitoBean` and `@MockitoSpyBean` are used on non-static fields in test classes to
-override beans in the test's `ApplicationContext` with a Mockito _mock_ or _spy_,
-respectively. In the latter case, an early instance of the original bean is captured and
-wrapped by the spy.
+{spring-framework-api}/test/context/bean/override/mockito/MockitoBean.html[`@MockitoBean`] and
+{spring-framework-api}/test/context/bean/override/mockito/MockitoSpyBean.html[`@MockitoSpyBean`]
+can be used in test classes to override a bean in the test's `ApplicationContext` with a
+Mockito _mock_ or _spy_, respectively. In the latter case, an early instance of the
+original bean is captured and wrapped by the spy.
 
-By default, the annotated field's type is used to search for candidate beans to override.
-If multiple candidates match, `@Qualifier` can be provided to narrow the candidate to
-override. Alternatively, a candidate whose bean name matches the name of the field will
-match.
+The annotations can be applied in the following ways.
+
+* On a non-static field in a test class or any of its superclasses.
+* On a non-static field in an enclosing class for a `@Nested` test class or in any class
+  in the type hierarchy or enclosing class hierarchy above the `@Nested` test class.
+* At the type level on a test class or any superclass or implemented interface in the
+  type hierarchy above the test class.
+* At the type level on an enclosing class for a `@Nested` test class or on any class or
+  interface in the type hierarchy or enclosing class hierarchy above the `@Nested` test
+  class.
+
+When `@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` is declared on a field, the bean to mock or spy
+is inferred from the type of the annotated field. If multiple candidates exist in the
+`ApplicationContext`, a `@Qualifier` annotation can be declared on the field to help
+disambiguate. In the absence of a `@Qualifier` annotation, the name of the annotated
+field will be used as a _fallback qualifier_. Alternatively, you can explicitly specify a
+bean name to mock or spy by setting the `value` or `name` attribute in the annotation.
+
+When `@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` is declared at the type level, the type of bean
+(or beans) to mock or spy must be supplied via the `types` attribute in the annotation –
+for example, `@MockitoBean(types = {OrderService.class, UserService.class})`. If multiple
+candidates exist in the `ApplicationContext`, you can explicitly specify a bean name to
+mock or spy by setting the `name` attribute. Note, however, that the `types` attribute
+must contain a single type if an explicit bean `name` is configured – for example,
+`@MockitoBean(name = "ps1", types = PrintingService.class)`.
+
+To support reuse of mock configuration, `@MockitoBean` and `@MockitoSpyBean` may be used
+as meta-annotations to create custom _composed annotations_ – for example, to define
+common mock or spy configuration in a single annotation that can be reused across a test
+suite. `@MockitoBean` and `@MockitoSpyBean` can also be used as repeatable annotations at
+the type level — for example, to mock or spy several beans by name.
 
 [WARNING]
 ====
-Qualifiers, including the name of the field, are used to determine if a separate
+Qualifiers, including the name of a field, are used to determine if a separate
 `ApplicationContext` needs to be created. If you are using this feature to mock or spy
-the same bean in several test classes, make sure to name the field consistently to avoid
+the same bean in several test classes, make sure to name the fields consistently to avoid
 creating unnecessary contexts.
 ====
 
+[WARNING]
+====
+Using `@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` in conjunction with `@ContextHierarchy` can
+lead to undesirable results since each `@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` will be
+applied to all context hierarchy levels by default. To ensure that a particular
+`@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` is applied to a single context hierarchy level, set
+the `contextName` attribute to match a configured `@ContextConfiguration` name – for
+example, `@MockitoBean(contextName = "app-config")` or
+`@MockitoSpyBean(contextName = "app-config")`.
+
+See
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/hierarchies.adoc#testcontext-ctx-management-ctx-hierarchies-with-bean-overrides[context
+hierarchies with bean overrides] for further details and examples.
+====
+
 Each annotation also defines Mockito-specific attributes to fine-tune the mocking behavior.
 
 The `@MockitoBean` annotation uses the `REPLACE_OR_CREATE`
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc#testcontext-bean-overriding-custom[strategy for test bean overriding].
-If no existing bean matches, a new bean is created on the fly. However, you can switch to
-the `REPLACE` strategy by setting the `enforceOverride` attribute to `true`. See the
-following section for an example.
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc#testcontext-bean-overriding-strategy[strategy for bean overrides].
+If a corresponding bean does not exist, a new bean will be created. However, you can
+switch to the `REPLACE` strategy by setting the `enforceOverride` attribute to `true` –
+for example, `@MockitoBean(enforceOverride = true)`.
 
 The `@MockitoSpyBean` annotation uses the `WRAP`
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc#testcontext-bean-overriding-custom[strategy],
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc#testcontext-bean-overriding-strategy[strategy],
 and the original instance is wrapped in a Mockito spy. This strategy requires that
 exactly one candidate bean exists.
 
@@ -56,15 +99,8 @@ or `private` depending on the needs or coding practices of the project.
 [[spring-testing-annotation-beanoverriding-mockitobean-examples]]
 == `@MockitoBean` Examples
 
-When using `@MockitoBean`, a new bean will be created if a corresponding bean does not
-exist. However, if you would like for the test to fail when a corresponding bean does not
-exist, you can set the `enforceOverride` attribute to `true` – for example,
-`@MockitoBean(enforceOverride = true)`.
-
-To use a by-name override rather than a by-type override, specify the `name` (or `value`)
-attribute of the annotation.
-
-The following example shows how to use the default behavior of the `@MockitoBean` annotation:
+The following example shows how to use the default behavior of the `@MockitoBean`
+annotation.
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -81,7 +117,7 @@ Java::
 		// tests...
 	}
 ----
-<1> Replace the bean with type `CustomService` with a Mockito `mock`.
+<1> Replace the bean with type `CustomService` with a Mockito mock.
 ======
 
 In the example above, we are creating a mock for `CustomService`. If more than one bean
@@ -90,7 +126,8 @@ will fail, and you will need to provide a qualifier of some sort to identify whi
 `CustomService` beans you want to override. If no such bean exists, a bean will be
 created with an auto-generated bean name.
 
-The following example uses a by-name lookup, rather than a by-type lookup:
+The following example uses a by-name lookup, rather than a by-type lookup. If no bean
+named `service` exists, one is created.
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -108,32 +145,9 @@ Java::
 
 	}
 ----
-<1> Replace the bean named `service` with a Mockito `mock`.
+<1> Replace the bean named `service` with a Mockito mock.
 ======
 
-If no bean named `service` exists, one is created.
-
-`@MockitoBean` can also be used at the type level:
-
-- on a test class or any superclass or implemented interface in the type hierarchy above
-  the test class
-- on an enclosing class for a `@Nested` test class or on any class or interface in the
-  type hierarchy or enclosing class hierarchy above the `@Nested` test class
-
-When `@MockitoBean` is declared at the type level, the type of bean (or beans) to mock
-must be supplied via the `types` attribute – for example,
-`@MockitoBean(types = {OrderService.class, UserService.class})`. If multiple candidates
-exist in the application context, you can explicitly specify a bean name to mock by
-setting the `name` attribute. Note, however, that the `types` attribute must contain a
-single type if an explicit bean `name` is configured – for example,
-`@MockitoBean(name = "ps1", types = PrintingService.class)`.
-
-To support reuse of mock configuration, `@MockitoBean` may be used as a meta-annotation
-to create custom _composed annotations_ — for example, to define common mock
-configuration in a single annotation that can be reused across a test suite.
-`@MockitoBean` can also be used as a repeatable annotation at the type level — for
-example, to mock several beans by name.
-
 The following `@SharedMocks` annotation registers two mocks by-type and one mock by-name.
 
 [tabs]
@@ -191,7 +205,7 @@ APIs.
 == `@MockitoSpyBean` Examples
 
 The following example shows how to use the default behavior of the `@MockitoSpyBean`
-annotation:
+annotation.
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -208,7 +222,7 @@ Java::
 		// tests...
 	}
 ----
-<1> Wrap the bean with type `CustomService` with a Mockito `spy`.
+<1> Wrap the bean with type `CustomService` with a Mockito spy.
 ======
 
 In the example above, we are wrapping the bean with type `CustomService`. If more than
@@ -216,7 +230,7 @@ one bean of that type exists, the bean named `customService` is considered. Othe
 the test will fail, and you will need to provide a qualifier of some sort to identify
 which of the `CustomService` beans you want to spy.
 
-The following example uses a by-name lookup, rather than a by-type lookup:
+The following example uses a by-name lookup, rather than a by-type lookup.
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -233,5 +247,58 @@ Java::
 		// tests...
 	}
 ----
-<1> Wrap the bean named `service` with a Mockito `spy`.
+<1> Wrap the bean named `service` with a Mockito spy.
 ======
+
+The following `@SharedSpies` annotation registers two spies by-type and one spy by-name.
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
+	@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+	@MockitoSpyBean(types = {OrderService.class, UserService.class}) // <1>
+	@MockitoSpyBean(name = "ps1", types = PrintingService.class) // <2>
+	public @interface SharedSpies {
+	}
+----
+<1> Register `OrderService` and `UserService` spies by-type.
+<2> Register `PrintingService` spy by-name.
+======
+
+The following demonstrates how `@SharedSpies` can be used on a test class.
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig.class)
+	@SharedSpies // <1>
+	class BeanOverrideTests {
+
+		@Autowired OrderService orderService; // <2>
+
+		@Autowired UserService userService; // <2>
+
+		@Autowired PrintingService ps1; // <2>
+
+		// Inject other components that rely on the spies.
+
+		@Test
+		void testThatDependsOnMocks() {
+			// ...
+		}
+	}
+----
+<1> Register common spies via the custom `@SharedSpies` annotation.
+<2> Optionally inject spies to _stub_ or _verify_ them.
+======
+
+TIP: The spies can also be injected into `@Configuration` classes or other test-related
+components in the `ApplicationContext` in order to configure them with Mockito's stubbing
+APIs.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-testbean.adoc

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 [[spring-testing-annotation-beanoverriding-testbean]]
 = `@TestBean`
 
-`@TestBean` is used on a non-static field in a test class to override a specific bean in
-the test's `ApplicationContext` with an instance provided by a factory method.
+{spring-framework-api}/test/context/bean/override/convention/TestBean.html[`@TestBean`]
+is used on a non-static field in a test class to override a specific bean in the test's
+`ApplicationContext` with an instance provided by a factory method.
 
 The associated factory method name is derived from the annotated field's name, or the
 bean name if specified. The factory method must be `static`, accept no arguments, and
@@ -30,6 +31,19 @@ same bean in several tests, make sure to name the field consistently to avoid cr
 unnecessary contexts.
 ====
 
+[WARNING]
+====
+Using `@TestBean` in conjunction with `@ContextHierarchy` can lead to undesirable results
+since each `@TestBean` will be applied to all context hierarchy levels by default. To
+ensure that a particular `@TestBean` is applied to a single context hierarchy level, set
+the `contextName` attribute to match a configured `@ContextConfiguration` name – for
+example, `@TestBean(contextName = "app-config")`.
+
+See
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/hierarchies.adoc#testcontext-ctx-management-ctx-hierarchies-with-bean-overrides[context
+hierarchies with bean overrides] for further details and examples.
+====
+
 [NOTE]
 ====
 There are no restrictions on the visibility of `@TestBean` fields or factory methods.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/mockmvc/hamcrest/async-requests.adoc

@@ -26,16 +26,16 @@ Java::
 
 	@Test
 	void test() throws Exception {
-        MvcResult mvcResult = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/path"))
-                .andExpect(status().isOk()) <1>
-                .andExpect(request().asyncStarted()) <2>
-                .andExpect(request().asyncResult("body")) <3>
-                .andReturn();
+		MvcResult mvcResult = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/path"))
+				.andExpect(status().isOk()) <1>
+				.andExpect(request().asyncStarted()) <2>
+				.andExpect(request().asyncResult("body")) <3>
+				.andReturn();
 
-        this.mockMvc.perform(asyncDispatch(mvcResult)) <4>
-                .andExpect(status().isOk()) <5>
-                .andExpect(content().string("body"));
-    }
+		this.mockMvc.perform(asyncDispatch(mvcResult)) <4>
+				.andExpect(status().isOk()) <5>
+				.andExpect(content().string("body"));
+	}
 ----
 <1> Check response status is still unchanged
 <2> Async processing must have started

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 = Bean Overriding in Tests
 
 Bean overriding in tests refers to the ability to override specific beans in the
-`ApplicationContext` for a test class, by annotating one or more non-static fields in the
-test class.
+`ApplicationContext` for a test class, by annotating the test class or one or more
+non-static fields in the test class.
 
 NOTE: This feature is intended as a less risky alternative to the practice of registering
 a bean via `@Bean` with the `DefaultListableBeanFactory`
@@ -42,15 +42,16 @@ The `spring-test` module registers implementations of the latter two
 {spring-framework-code}/spring-test/src/main/resources/META-INF/spring.factories[`META-INF/spring.factories`
 properties file].
 
-The bean overriding infrastructure searches in test classes for any non-static field that
-is meta-annotated with `@BeanOverride` and instantiates the corresponding
-`BeanOverrideProcessor` which is responsible for creating an appropriate
-`BeanOverrideHandler`.
+The bean overriding infrastructure searches for annotations on test classes as well as
+annotations on non-static fields in test classes that are meta-annotated with
+`@BeanOverride` and instantiates the corresponding `BeanOverrideProcessor` which is
+responsible for creating an appropriate `BeanOverrideHandler`.
 
 The internal `BeanOverrideBeanFactoryPostProcessor` then uses bean override handlers to
 alter the test's `ApplicationContext` by creating, replacing, or wrapping beans as
 defined by the corresponding `BeanOverrideStrategy`:
 
+[[testcontext-bean-overriding-strategy]]
 `REPLACE`::
   Replaces the bean. Throws an exception if a corresponding bean does not exist.
 `REPLACE_OR_CREATE`::

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/caching.adoc

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 Once the TestContext framework loads an `ApplicationContext` (or `WebApplicationContext`)
 for a test, that context is cached and reused for all subsequent tests that declare the
 same unique context configuration within the same test suite. To understand how caching
-works, it is important to understand what is meant by "`unique`" and "`test suite.`"
+works, it is important to understand what is meant by "unique" and "test suite."
 
 An `ApplicationContext` can be uniquely identified by the combination of configuration
 parameters that is used to load it. Consequently, the unique combination of configuration
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ framework uses the following configuration parameters to build the context cache
 * `classes` (from `@ContextConfiguration`)
 * `contextInitializerClasses` (from `@ContextConfiguration`)
 * `contextCustomizers` (from `ContextCustomizerFactory`) – this includes
-  `@DynamicPropertySource` methods as well as various features from Spring Boot's
-  testing support such as `@MockBean` and `@SpyBean`.
+  `@DynamicPropertySource` methods, bean overrides (such as `@TestBean`, `@MockitoBean`,
+  `@MockitoSpyBean` etc.), as well as various features from Spring Boot's testing support.
 * `contextLoader` (from `@ContextConfiguration`)
 * `parent` (from `@ContextHierarchy`)
 * `activeProfiles` (from `@ActiveProfiles`)

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/context-customizers.adoc

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [[testcontext-context-customizers]]
-= Configuration Configuration with Context Customizers
+= Context Configuration with Context Customizers
 
 A `ContextCustomizer` is responsible for customizing the supplied
 `ConfigurableApplicationContext` after bean definitions have been loaded into the context

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/hierarchies.adoc

@@ -22,8 +22,19 @@ given level in the hierarchy, the configuration resource type (that is, XML conf
 files or component classes) must be consistent. Otherwise, it is perfectly acceptable to
 have different levels in a context hierarchy configured using different resource types.
 
-The remaining JUnit Jupiter based examples in this section show common configuration
-scenarios for integration tests that require the use of context hierarchies.
+[NOTE]
+====
+If you use `@DirtiesContext` in a test whose context is configured as part of a context
+hierarchy, you can use the `hierarchyMode` flag to control how the context cache is
+cleared.
+
+For further details, see the discussion of `@DirtiesContext` in
+xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-dirtiescontext.adoc[Spring Testing Annotations]
+and the {spring-framework-api}/test/annotation/DirtiesContext.html[`@DirtiesContext`] javadoc.
+====
+
+The JUnit Jupiter based examples in this section show common configuration scenarios for
+integration tests that require the use of context hierarchies.
 
 **Single test class with context hierarchy**
 --
@@ -229,12 +240,118 @@ Kotlin::
 	class ExtendedTests : BaseTests() {}
 ----
 ======
-
-.Dirtying a context within a context hierarchy
-NOTE: If you use `@DirtiesContext` in a test whose context is configured as part of a
-context hierarchy, you can use the `hierarchyMode` flag to control how the context cache
-is cleared. For further details, see the discussion of `@DirtiesContext` in
-xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-dirtiescontext.adoc[Spring Testing Annotations] and the
-{spring-framework-api}/test/annotation/DirtiesContext.html[`@DirtiesContext`] javadoc.
 --
 
+[[testcontext-ctx-management-ctx-hierarchies-with-bean-overrides]]
+**Context hierarchies with bean overrides**
+--
+When `@ContextHierarchy` is used in conjunction with
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc[bean overrides] such as
+`@TestBean`, `@MockitoBean`, or `@MockitoSpyBean`, it may be desirable or necessary to
+have the override applied to a single level in the context hierarchy. To achieve that,
+the bean override must specify a context name that matches a name configured via the
+`name` attribute in `@ContextConfiguration`.
+
+The following test class configures the name of the second hierarchy level to be
+`"user-config"` and simultaneously specifies that the `UserService` should be wrapped in
+a Mockito spy in the context named `"user-config"`. Consequently, Spring will only
+attempt to create the spy in the `"user-config"` context and will not attempt to create
+the spy in the parent context.
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
+	@ContextHierarchy({
+		@ContextConfiguration(classes = AppConfig.class),
+		@ContextConfiguration(classes = UserConfig.class, name = "user-config")
+	})
+	class IntegrationTests {
+
+		@MockitoSpyBean(contextName = "user-config")
+		UserService userService;
+
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class)
+	@ContextHierarchy(
+		ContextConfiguration(classes = [AppConfig::class]),
+		ContextConfiguration(classes = [UserConfig::class], name = "user-config"))
+	class IntegrationTests {
+
+		@MockitoSpyBean(contextName = "user-config")
+		lateinit var userService: UserService
+
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+======
+
+When applying bean overrides in different levels of the context hierarchy, you may need
+to have all of the bean override instances injected into the test class in order to
+interact with them — for example, to configure stubbing for mocks. However, `@Autowired`
+will always inject a matching bean found in the lowest level of the context hierarchy.
+Thus, to inject bean override instances from specific levels in the context hierarchy,
+you need to annotate fields with appropriate bean override annotations and configure the
+name of the context level.
+
+The following test class configures the names of the hierarchy levels to be `"parent"`
+and `"child"`. It also declares two `PropertyService` fields that are configured to
+create or replace `PropertyService` beans with Mockito mocks in the respective contexts,
+named `"parent"` and `"child"`. Consequently, the mock from the `"parent"` context will
+be injected into the `propertyServiceInParent` field, and the mock from the `"child"`
+context will be injected into the `propertyServiceInChild` field.
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
+	@ContextHierarchy({
+		@ContextConfiguration(classes = ParentConfig.class, name = "parent"),
+		@ContextConfiguration(classes = ChildConfig.class, name = "child")
+	})
+	class IntegrationTests {
+
+		@MockitoBean(contextName = "parent")
+		PropertyService propertyServiceInParent;
+
+		@MockitoBean(contextName = "child")
+		PropertyService propertyServiceInChild;
+
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class)
+	@ContextHierarchy(
+		ContextConfiguration(classes = [ParentConfig::class], name = "parent"),
+		ContextConfiguration(classes = [ChildConfig::class], name = "child"))
+	class IntegrationTests {
+
+		@MockitoBean(contextName = "parent")
+		lateinit var propertyServiceInParent: PropertyService
+
+		@MockitoBean(contextName = "child")
+		lateinit var propertyServiceInChild: PropertyService
+
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+======
+--

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/parallel-test-execution.adoc

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ Do not run tests in parallel if the tests:
 * Use Spring Framework's `@DirtiesContext` support.
 * Use Spring Framework's `@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` support.
 * Use Spring Boot's `@MockBean` or `@SpyBean` support.
-* Use JUnit 4's `@FixMethodOrder` support or any testing framework feature
-  that is designed to ensure that test methods run in a particular order. Note,
-  however, that this does not apply if entire test classes are run in parallel.
+* Use JUnit Jupiter's `@TestMethodOrder` support or any testing framework feature that is
+  designed to ensure that test methods run in a particular order. Note, however, that
+  this does not apply if entire test classes are run in parallel.
 * Change the state of shared services or systems such as a database, message broker,
   filesystem, and others. This applies to both embedded and external systems.
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc

@@ -1,166 +1,9 @@
 [[testcontext-support-classes]]
 = TestContext Framework Support Classes
 
-This section describes the various classes that support the Spring TestContext Framework.
+This section describes the various classes that support the Spring TestContext Framework
+in JUnit and TestNG.
 
-[[testcontext-junit4-runner]]
-== Spring JUnit 4 Runner
-
-The Spring TestContext Framework offers full integration with JUnit 4 through a custom
-runner (supported on JUnit 4.12 or higher). By annotating test classes with
-`@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)` or the shorter `@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)`
-variant, developers can implement standard JUnit 4-based unit and integration tests and
-simultaneously reap the benefits of the TestContext framework, such as support for
-loading application contexts, dependency injection of test instances, transactional test
-method execution, and so on. If you want to use the Spring TestContext Framework with an
-alternative runner (such as JUnit 4's `Parameterized` runner) or third-party runners
-(such as the `MockitoJUnitRunner`), you can, optionally, use
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit4-rules[Spring's support for JUnit rules] instead.
-
-The following code listing shows the minimal requirements for configuring a test class to
-run with the custom Spring `Runner`:
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
-	@TestExecutionListeners({})
-	public class SimpleTest {
-
-		@Test
-		public void testMethod() {
-			// test logic...
-		}
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@RunWith(SpringRunner::class)
-	@TestExecutionListeners
-	class SimpleTest {
-
-		@Test
-		fun testMethod() {
-			// test logic...
-		}
-	}
-----
-======
-
-In the preceding example, `@TestExecutionListeners` is configured with an empty list, to
-disable the default listeners, which otherwise would require an `ApplicationContext` to
-be configured through `@ContextConfiguration`.
-
-[[testcontext-junit4-rules]]
-== Spring JUnit 4 Rules
-
-The `org.springframework.test.context.junit4.rules` package provides the following JUnit
-4 rules (supported on JUnit 4.12 or higher):
-
-* `SpringClassRule`
-* `SpringMethodRule`
-
-`SpringClassRule` is a JUnit `TestRule` that supports class-level features of the Spring
-TestContext Framework, whereas `SpringMethodRule` is a JUnit `MethodRule` that supports
-instance-level and method-level features of the Spring TestContext Framework.
-
-In contrast to the `SpringRunner`, Spring's rule-based JUnit support has the advantage of
-being independent of any `org.junit.runner.Runner` implementation and can, therefore, be
-combined with existing alternative runners (such as JUnit 4's `Parameterized`) or
-third-party runners (such as the `MockitoJUnitRunner`).
-
-To support the full functionality of the TestContext framework, you must combine a
-`SpringClassRule` with a `SpringMethodRule`. The following example shows the proper way
-to declare these rules in an integration test:
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	// Optionally specify a non-Spring Runner via @RunWith(...)
-	@ContextConfiguration
-	public class IntegrationTest {
-
-		@ClassRule
-		public static final SpringClassRule springClassRule = new SpringClassRule();
-
-		@Rule
-		public final SpringMethodRule springMethodRule = new SpringMethodRule();
-
-		@Test
-		public void testMethod() {
-			// test logic...
-		}
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	// Optionally specify a non-Spring Runner via @RunWith(...)
-	@ContextConfiguration
-	class IntegrationTest {
-
-		@Rule
-		val springMethodRule = SpringMethodRule()
-
-		@Test
-		fun testMethod() {
-			// test logic...
-		}
-
-		companion object {
-			@ClassRule
-			val springClassRule = SpringClassRule()
-		}
-	}
-----
-======
-
-[[testcontext-support-classes-junit4]]
-== JUnit 4 Support Classes
-
-The `org.springframework.test.context.junit4` package provides the following support
-classes for JUnit 4-based test cases (supported on JUnit 4.12 or higher):
-
-* `AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests`
-* `AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests`
-
-`AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests` is an abstract base test class that integrates the
-Spring TestContext Framework with explicit `ApplicationContext` testing support in a
-JUnit 4 environment. When you extend `AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests`, you can access a
-`protected` `applicationContext` instance variable that you can use to perform explicit
-bean lookups or to test the state of the context as a whole.
-
-`AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests` is an abstract transactional extension of
-`AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests` that adds some convenience functionality for JDBC
-access. This class expects a `javax.sql.DataSource` bean and a
-`PlatformTransactionManager` bean to be defined in the `ApplicationContext`. When you
-extend `AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests`, you can access a `protected`
-`jdbcTemplate` instance variable that you can use to run SQL statements to query the
-database. You can use such queries to confirm database state both before and after
-running database-related application code, and Spring ensures that such queries run in
-the scope of the same transaction as the application code. When used in conjunction with
-an ORM tool, be sure to avoid xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tx.adoc#testcontext-tx-false-positives[false positives].
-As mentioned in xref:testing/support-jdbc.adoc[JDBC Testing Support],
-`AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests` also provides convenience methods that
-delegate to methods in `JdbcTestUtils` by using the aforementioned `jdbcTemplate`.
-Furthermore, `AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests` provides an
-`executeSqlScript(..)` method for running SQL scripts against the configured `DataSource`.
-
-TIP: These classes are a convenience for extension. If you do not want your test classes
-to be tied to a Spring-specific class hierarchy, you can configure your own custom test
-classes by using `@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)` or xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit4-rules[Spring's JUnit rules]
-.
 
 [[testcontext-junit-jupiter-extension]]
 == SpringExtension for JUnit Jupiter
@@ -177,14 +20,17 @@ following features above and beyond the feature set that Spring supports for JUn
 TestNG:
 
 * Dependency injection for test constructors, test methods, and test lifecycle callback
-  methods. See xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit-jupiter-di[Dependency Injection with the `SpringExtension`] for further details.
+  methods. See xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit-jupiter-di[Dependency
+  Injection with the `SpringExtension`] for further details.
 * Powerful support for link:https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#extensions-conditions[conditional
   test execution] based on SpEL expressions, environment variables, system properties,
   and so on. See the documentation for `@EnabledIf` and `@DisabledIf` in
-  xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc[Spring JUnit Jupiter Testing Annotations] for further details and examples.
+  xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc[Spring JUnit Jupiter Testing Annotations]
+  for further details and examples.
 * Custom composed annotations that combine annotations from Spring and JUnit Jupiter. See
   the `@TransactionalDevTestConfig` and `@TransactionalIntegrationTest` examples in
-  xref:testing/annotations/integration-meta.adoc[Meta-Annotation Support for Testing] for further details.
+  xref:testing/annotations/integration-meta.adoc[Meta-Annotation Support for Testing] for
+  further details.
 
 The following code listing shows how to configure a test class to use the
 `SpringExtension` in conjunction with `@ContextConfiguration`:
@@ -307,7 +153,8 @@ Kotlin::
 ======
 
 See the documentation for `@SpringJUnitConfig` and `@SpringJUnitWebConfig` in
-xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc[Spring JUnit Jupiter Testing Annotations] for further details.
+xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc[Spring JUnit Jupiter Testing Annotations]
+for further details.
 
 [[testcontext-junit-jupiter-di]]
 === Dependency Injection with the `SpringExtension`
@@ -318,10 +165,9 @@ extension API from JUnit Jupiter, which lets Spring provide dependency injection
 constructors, test methods, and test lifecycle callback methods.
 
 Specifically, the `SpringExtension` can inject dependencies from the test's
-`ApplicationContext` into test constructors and methods that are annotated with
-Spring's `@BeforeTransaction` and `@AfterTransaction` or JUnit's `@BeforeAll`,
-`@AfterAll`, `@BeforeEach`, `@AfterEach`, `@Test`, `@RepeatedTest`, `@ParameterizedTest`,
-and others.
+`ApplicationContext` into test constructors and methods that are annotated with Spring's
+`@BeforeTransaction` and `@AfterTransaction` or JUnit's `@BeforeAll`, `@AfterAll`,
+`@BeforeEach`, `@AfterEach`, `@Test`, `@RepeatedTest`, `@ParameterizedTest`, and others.
 
 
 [[testcontext-junit-jupiter-di-constructor]]
@@ -341,8 +187,9 @@ autowirable if one of the following conditions is met (in order of precedence).
   attribute set to `ALL`.
 * The default _test constructor autowire mode_ has been changed to `ALL`.
 
-See xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-testconstructor[`@TestConstructor`] for details on the use of
-`@TestConstructor` and how to change the global _test constructor autowire mode_.
+See xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-testconstructor[`@TestConstructor`]
+for details on the use of `@TestConstructor` and how to change the global _test
+constructor autowire mode_.
 
 WARNING: If the constructor for a test class is considered to be _autowirable_, Spring
 assumes the responsibility for resolving arguments for all parameters in the constructor.
@@ -407,8 +254,9 @@ Kotlin::
 Note that this feature lets test dependencies be `final` and therefore immutable.
 
 If the `spring.test.constructor.autowire.mode` property is to `all` (see
-xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-testconstructor[`@TestConstructor`]), we can omit the declaration of
-`@Autowired` on the constructor in the previous example, resulting in the following.
+xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-testconstructor[`@TestConstructor`]),
+we can omit the declaration of `@Autowired` on the constructor in the previous example,
+resulting in the following.
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -553,17 +401,19 @@ honor `@NestedTestConfiguration` semantics.
 In order to allow development teams to change the default to `OVERRIDE` – for example,
 for compatibility with Spring Framework 5.0 through 5.2 – the default mode can be changed
 globally via a JVM system property or a `spring.properties` file in the root of the
-classpath. See the xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-nestedtestconfiguration["Changing the default enclosing configuration inheritance mode"]
- note for details.
+classpath. See the
+xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-nestedtestconfiguration["Changing the default enclosing configuration inheritance mode"]
+note for details.
 
 Although the following "Hello World" example is very simplistic, it shows how to declare
 common configuration on a top-level class that is inherited by its `@Nested` test
 classes. In this particular example, only the `TestConfig` configuration class is
 inherited. Each nested test class provides its own set of active profiles, resulting in a
 distinct `ApplicationContext` for each nested test class (see
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/caching.adoc[Context Caching] for details). Consult the list of
-xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-nestedtestconfiguration[supported annotations] to see
-which annotations can be inherited in `@Nested` test classes.
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/caching.adoc[Context Caching] for details).
+Consult the list of
+xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-nestedtestconfiguration[supported annotations]
+to see which annotations can be inherited in `@Nested` test classes.
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -626,8 +476,174 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
+
+[[testcontext-junit4-support]]
+== JUnit 4 Support
+
+[[testcontext-junit4-runner]]
+=== Spring JUnit 4 Runner
+
+The Spring TestContext Framework offers full integration with JUnit 4 through a custom
+runner (supported on JUnit 4.12 or higher). By annotating test classes with
+`@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)` or the shorter `@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)`
+variant, developers can implement standard JUnit 4-based unit and integration tests and
+simultaneously reap the benefits of the TestContext framework, such as support for
+loading application contexts, dependency injection of test instances, transactional test
+method execution, and so on. If you want to use the Spring TestContext Framework with an
+alternative runner (such as JUnit 4's `Parameterized` runner) or third-party runners
+(such as the `MockitoJUnitRunner`), you can, optionally, use
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit4-rules[Spring's support for JUnit rules]
+instead.
+
+The following code listing shows the minimal requirements for configuring a test class to
+run with the custom Spring `Runner`:
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
+	@TestExecutionListeners({})
+	public class SimpleTest {
+
+		@Test
+		public void testMethod() {
+			// test logic...
+		}
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@RunWith(SpringRunner::class)
+	@TestExecutionListeners
+	class SimpleTest {
+
+		@Test
+		fun testMethod() {
+			// test logic...
+		}
+	}
+----
+======
+
+In the preceding example, `@TestExecutionListeners` is configured with an empty list, to
+disable the default listeners, which otherwise would require an `ApplicationContext` to
+be configured through `@ContextConfiguration`.
+
+[[testcontext-junit4-rules]]
+=== Spring JUnit 4 Rules
+
+The `org.springframework.test.context.junit4.rules` package provides the following JUnit
+4 rules (supported on JUnit 4.12 or higher):
+
+* `SpringClassRule`
+* `SpringMethodRule`
+
+`SpringClassRule` is a JUnit `TestRule` that supports class-level features of the Spring
+TestContext Framework, whereas `SpringMethodRule` is a JUnit `MethodRule` that supports
+instance-level and method-level features of the Spring TestContext Framework.
+
+In contrast to the `SpringRunner`, Spring's rule-based JUnit support has the advantage of
+being independent of any `org.junit.runner.Runner` implementation and can, therefore, be
+combined with existing alternative runners (such as JUnit 4's `Parameterized`) or
+third-party runners (such as the `MockitoJUnitRunner`).
+
+To support the full functionality of the TestContext framework, you must combine a
+`SpringClassRule` with a `SpringMethodRule`. The following example shows the proper way
+to declare these rules in an integration test:
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	// Optionally specify a non-Spring Runner via @RunWith(...)
+	@ContextConfiguration
+	public class IntegrationTest {
+
+		@ClassRule
+		public static final SpringClassRule springClassRule = new SpringClassRule();
+
+		@Rule
+		public final SpringMethodRule springMethodRule = new SpringMethodRule();
+
+		@Test
+		public void testMethod() {
+			// test logic...
+		}
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	// Optionally specify a non-Spring Runner via @RunWith(...)
+	@ContextConfiguration
+	class IntegrationTest {
+
+		@Rule
+		val springMethodRule = SpringMethodRule()
+
+		@Test
+		fun testMethod() {
+			// test logic...
+		}
+
+		companion object {
+			@ClassRule
+			val springClassRule = SpringClassRule()
+		}
+	}
+----
+======
+
+[[testcontext-support-classes-junit4]]
+=== JUnit 4 Base Classes
+
+The `org.springframework.test.context.junit4` package provides the following support
+classes for JUnit 4-based test cases (supported on JUnit 4.12 or higher):
+
+* `AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests`
+* `AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests`
+
+`AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests` is an abstract base test class that integrates the
+Spring TestContext Framework with explicit `ApplicationContext` testing support in a
+JUnit 4 environment. When you extend `AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests`, you can access a
+`protected` `applicationContext` instance variable that you can use to perform explicit
+bean lookups or to test the state of the context as a whole.
+
+`AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests` is an abstract transactional extension of
+`AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests` that adds some convenience functionality for JDBC
+access. This class expects a `javax.sql.DataSource` bean and a
+`PlatformTransactionManager` bean to be defined in the `ApplicationContext`. When you
+extend `AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests`, you can access a `protected`
+`jdbcTemplate` instance variable that you can use to run SQL statements to query the
+database. You can use such queries to confirm database state both before and after
+running database-related application code, and Spring ensures that such queries run in
+the scope of the same transaction as the application code. When used in conjunction with
+an ORM tool, be sure to avoid
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tx.adoc#testcontext-tx-false-positives[false positives].
+As mentioned in xref:testing/support-jdbc.adoc[JDBC Testing Support],
+`AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests` also provides convenience methods that
+delegate to methods in `JdbcTestUtils` by using the aforementioned `jdbcTemplate`.
+Furthermore, `AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests` provides an
+`executeSqlScript(..)` method for running SQL scripts against the configured `DataSource`.
+
+TIP: These classes are a convenience for extension. If you do not want your test classes
+to be tied to a Spring-specific class hierarchy, you can configure your own custom test
+classes by using `@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)` or
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc#testcontext-junit4-rules[Spring's JUnit rules].
+
+
 [[testcontext-support-classes-testng]]
-== TestNG Support Classes
+== TestNG Support
 
 The `org.springframework.test.context.testng` package provides the following support
 classes for TestNG based test cases:
@@ -650,7 +666,8 @@ extend `AbstractTransactionalTestNGSpringContextTests`, you can access a `protec
 database. You can use such queries to confirm database state both before and after
 running database-related application code, and Spring ensures that such queries run in
 the scope of the same transaction as the application code. When used in conjunction with
-an ORM tool, be sure to avoid xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tx.adoc#testcontext-tx-false-positives[false positives].
+an ORM tool, be sure to avoid
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tx.adoc#testcontext-tx-false-positives[false positives].
 As mentioned in xref:testing/support-jdbc.adoc[JDBC Testing Support],
 `AbstractTransactionalTestNGSpringContextTests` also provides convenience methods that
 delegate to methods in `JdbcTestUtils` by using the aforementioned `jdbcTemplate`.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/tel-config.adoc

@@ -7,16 +7,17 @@ by default, exactly in the following order:
 * `ServletTestExecutionListener`: Configures Servlet API mocks for a
   `WebApplicationContext`.
 * `DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener`: Handles the `@DirtiesContext`
-  annotation for "`before`" modes.
+  annotation for "before" modes.
 * `ApplicationEventsTestExecutionListener`: Provides support for
   xref:testing/testcontext-framework/application-events.adoc[`ApplicationEvents`].
-* `BeanOverrideTestExecutionListener`: Provides support for xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc[] .
+* `BeanOverrideTestExecutionListener`: Provides support for
+  xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc[].
 * `DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener`: Provides dependency injection for the test
   instance.
 * `MicrometerObservationRegistryTestExecutionListener`: Provides support for
   Micrometer's `ObservationRegistry`.
 * `DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener`: Handles the `@DirtiesContext` annotation for
-  "`after`" modes.
+  "after" modes.
 * `CommonCachesTestExecutionListener`: Clears resource caches in the test's
   `ApplicationContext` if necessary.
 * `TransactionalTestExecutionListener`: Provides transactional test execution with
@@ -161,15 +162,16 @@ change from release to release -- for example, `SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener`
 introduced in Spring Framework 4.1, and `DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener`
 was introduced in Spring Framework 4.2. Furthermore, third-party frameworks like Spring
 Boot and Spring Security register their own default `TestExecutionListener`
-implementations by using the aforementioned xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tel-config.adoc#testcontext-tel-config-automatic-discovery[automatic discovery mechanism]
-.
+implementations by using the aforementioned
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tel-config.adoc#testcontext-tel-config-automatic-discovery[automatic discovery mechanism].
 
 To avoid having to be aware of and re-declare all default listeners, you can set the
 `mergeMode` attribute of `@TestExecutionListeners` to `MergeMode.MERGE_WITH_DEFAULTS`.
 `MERGE_WITH_DEFAULTS` indicates that locally declared listeners should be merged with the
 default listeners. The merging algorithm ensures that duplicates are removed from the
 list and that the resulting set of merged listeners is sorted according to the semantics
-of `AnnotationAwareOrderComparator`, as described in xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tel-config.adoc#testcontext-tel-config-ordering[Ordering `TestExecutionListener` Implementations].
+of `AnnotationAwareOrderComparator`, as described in
+xref:testing/testcontext-framework/tel-config.adoc#testcontext-tel-config-ordering[Ordering `TestExecutionListener` Implementations].
 If a listener implements `Ordered` or is annotated with `@Order`, it can influence the
 position in which it is merged with the defaults. Otherwise, locally declared listeners
 are appended to the list of default listeners when merged.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/unit.adoc

@@ -47,8 +47,7 @@ out-of-container tests for code that depends on environment-specific properties.
 The `org.springframework.mock.web` package contains a comprehensive set of Servlet API
 mock objects that are useful for testing web contexts, controllers, and filters. These
 mock objects are targeted at usage with Spring's Web MVC framework and are generally more
-convenient to use than dynamic mock objects (such as https://easymock.org/[EasyMock])
-or alternative Servlet API mock objects (such as http://www.mockobjects.com[MockObjects]).
+convenient to use than dynamic mock objects (such as https://easymock.org/[EasyMock]).
 
 TIP: Since Spring Framework 6.0, the mock objects in `org.springframework.mock.web` are
 based on the Servlet 6.0 API.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/webtestclient.adoc

@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    import org.springframework.test.web.reactive.server.expectBody
+	import org.springframework.test.web.reactive.server.expectBody
 
 	client.get().uri("/persons/1")
 			.exchange()

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-view.adoc

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 [[webflux-view]]
 = View Technologies
+
 [.small]#xref:web/webmvc-view.adoc[See equivalent in the Servlet stack]#
 
 The rendering of views in Spring WebFlux is pluggable. Whether you decide to
@@ -224,9 +225,9 @@ The following table shows the templating libraries that we have tested on differ
 |Scripting Library |Scripting Engine
 |https://handlebarsjs.com/[Handlebars] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
 |https://mustache.github.io/[Mustache] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://facebook.github.io/react/[React] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://www.embeddedjs.com/[EJS] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://www.stuartellis.name/articles/erb/[ERB] |https://www.jruby.org[JRuby]
+|https://react.dev/[React] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
+|https://ejs.co/[EJS] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
+|https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/ERB.html[ERB] |https://www.jruby.org[JRuby]
 |https://docs.python.org/2/library/string.html#template-strings[String templates] |https://www.jython.org/[Jython]
 |https://github.com/sdeleuze/kotlin-script-templating[Kotlin Script templating] |{kotlin-site}[Kotlin]
 |===

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-webclient/client-body.adoc

@@ -306,34 +306,34 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-Resource resource = ...
-Mono<String> result = webClient
-    .post()
-    .uri("https://example.com")
-    .body(Flux.concat(
-            FormPartEvent.create("field", "field value"),
-            FilePartEvent.create("file", resource)
-    ), PartEvent.class)
-    .retrieve()
-    .bodyToMono(String.class);
+	Resource resource = ...
+	Mono<String> result = webClient
+		.post()
+		.uri("https://example.com")
+		.body(Flux.concat(
+				FormPartEvent.create("field", "field value"),
+				FilePartEvent.create("file", resource)
+		), PartEvent.class)
+		.retrieve()
+		.bodyToMono(String.class);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-var resource: Resource = ...
-var result: Mono<String> = webClient
-	.post()
-	.uri("https://example.com")
-	.body(
-		Flux.concat(
-			FormPartEvent.create("field", "field value"),
-			FilePartEvent.create("file", resource)
+	var resource: Resource = ...
+	var result: Mono<String> = webClient
+		.post()
+		.uri("https://example.com")
+		.body(
+			Flux.concat(
+				FormPartEvent.create("field", "field value"),
+				FilePartEvent.create("file", resource)
+			)
 		)
-	)
-	.retrieve()
-	.bodyToMono()
+		.retrieve()
+		.bodyToMono()
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-webclient/client-builder.adoc

@@ -390,29 +390,29 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
-        .followRedirects(Redirect.NORMAL)
-        .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
-        .build();
+	HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
+		.followRedirects(Redirect.NORMAL)
+		.connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
+		.build();
 
-    ClientHttpConnector connector =
-            new JdkClientHttpConnector(httpClient, new DefaultDataBufferFactory());
+	ClientHttpConnector connector =
+			new JdkClientHttpConnector(httpClient, new DefaultDataBufferFactory());
 
-    WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder().clientConnector(connector).build();
+	WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder().clientConnector(connector).build();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    val httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
-        .followRedirects(Redirect.NORMAL)
-        .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
-        .build()
+	val httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
+		.followRedirects(Redirect.NORMAL)
+		.connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
+		.build()
 
-    val connector = JdkClientHttpConnector(httpClient, DefaultDataBufferFactory())
+	val connector = JdkClientHttpConnector(httpClient, DefaultDataBufferFactory())
 
-    val webClient = WebClient.builder().clientConnector(connector).build()
+	val webClient = WebClient.builder().clientConnector(connector).build()
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-webclient/client-filter.adoc

@@ -158,65 +158,65 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-public class MultipartExchangeFilterFunction implements ExchangeFilterFunction {
-
-    @Override
-    public Mono<ClientResponse> filter(ClientRequest request, ExchangeFunction next) {
-        if (MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA.includes(request.headers().getContentType())
-                && (request.method() == HttpMethod.PUT || request.method() == HttpMethod.POST)) {
-            return next.exchange(ClientRequest.from(request).body((outputMessage, context) ->
-                request.body().insert(new BufferingDecorator(outputMessage), context)).build()
-            );
-        } else {
-            return next.exchange(request);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static final class BufferingDecorator extends ClientHttpRequestDecorator {
-
-        private BufferingDecorator(ClientHttpRequest delegate) {
-            super(delegate);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public Mono<Void> writeWith(Publisher<? extends DataBuffer> body) {
-            return DataBufferUtils.join(body).flatMap(buffer -> {
-                getHeaders().setContentLength(buffer.readableByteCount());
-                return super.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
-            });
-        }
-    }
-}
+	public class MultipartExchangeFilterFunction implements ExchangeFilterFunction {
+	
+		@Override
+		public Mono<ClientResponse> filter(ClientRequest request, ExchangeFunction next) {
+			if (MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA.includes(request.headers().getContentType())
+					&& (request.method() == HttpMethod.PUT || request.method() == HttpMethod.POST)) {
+				return next.exchange(ClientRequest.from(request).body((outputMessage, context) ->
+					request.body().insert(new BufferingDecorator(outputMessage), context)).build()
+				);
+			} else {
+				return next.exchange(request);
+			}
+		}
+	
+		private static final class BufferingDecorator extends ClientHttpRequestDecorator {
+	
+			private BufferingDecorator(ClientHttpRequest delegate) {
+				super(delegate);
+			}
+	
+			@Override
+			public Mono<Void> writeWith(Publisher<? extends DataBuffer> body) {
+				return DataBufferUtils.join(body).flatMap(buffer -> {
+					getHeaders().setContentLength(buffer.readableByteCount());
+					return super.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
+				});
+			}
+		}
+	}
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-class MultipartExchangeFilterFunction : ExchangeFilterFunction {
-
-    override fun filter(request: ClientRequest, next: ExchangeFunction): Mono<ClientResponse> {
-        return if (MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA.includes(request.headers().getContentType())
-            && (request.method() == HttpMethod.PUT || request.method() == HttpMethod.POST)) {
-            next.exchange(ClientRequest.from(request)
-                .body { message, context -> request.body().insert(BufferingDecorator(message), context) }
-                .build())
-        }
-        else {
-            next.exchange(request)
-        }
-
-    }
-
-    private class BufferingDecorator(delegate: ClientHttpRequest) : ClientHttpRequestDecorator(delegate) {
-        override fun writeWith(body: Publisher<out DataBuffer>): Mono<Void> {
-            return DataBufferUtils.join(body)
-                .flatMap {
-                    headers.contentLength = it.readableByteCount().toLong()
-                    super.writeWith(Mono.just(it))
-                }
-        }
-    }
-}
+	class MultipartExchangeFilterFunction : ExchangeFilterFunction {
+	
+		override fun filter(request: ClientRequest, next: ExchangeFunction): Mono<ClientResponse> {
+			return if (MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA.includes(request.headers().getContentType())
+				&& (request.method() == HttpMethod.PUT || request.method() == HttpMethod.POST)) {
+				next.exchange(ClientRequest.from(request)
+					.body { message, context -> request.body().insert(BufferingDecorator(message), context) }
+					.build())
+			}
+			else {
+				next.exchange(request)
+			}
+	
+		}
+	
+		private class BufferingDecorator(delegate: ClientHttpRequest) : ClientHttpRequestDecorator(delegate) {
+			override fun writeWith(body: Publisher<out DataBuffer>): Mono<Void> {
+				return DataBufferUtils.join(body)
+					.flatMap {
+						headers.contentLength = it.readableByteCount().toLong()
+						super.writeWith(Mono.just(it))
+					}
+			}
+		}
+	}
 ----
-======
+======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-websocket.adoc

@@ -207,14 +207,14 @@ Kotlin::
 	class ExampleHandler : WebSocketHandler {
 
 		override fun handle(session: WebSocketSession): Mono<Void> {
-			return session.receive()            // <1>
+			return session.receive()			// <1>
 					.doOnNext {
 						// ...					// <2>
 					}
 					.concatMap {
 						// ...					// <3>
 					}
-					.then()                     // <4>
+					.then()						// <4>
 		}
 	}
 ----
@@ -268,16 +268,16 @@ Kotlin::
 
 		override fun handle(session: WebSocketSession): Mono<Void> {
 
-			val output = session.receive()                      // <1>
+			val output = session.receive()						// <1>
 					.doOnNext {
 						// ...
 					}
 					.concatMap {
 						// ...
 					}
-					.map { session.textMessage("Echo $it") }    // <2>
+					.map { session.textMessage("Echo $it") }	// <2>
 
-			return session.send(output)                         // <3>
+			return session.send(output)							// <3>
 		}
 	}
 ----

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/config.adoc

@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ Java::
 			DateTimeFormatterRegistrar registrar = new DateTimeFormatterRegistrar();
 			registrar.setUseIsoFormat(true);
 			registrar.registerFormatters(registry);
-      	}
+		}
 	}
 ----
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/controller/ann-methods/modelattrib-method-args.adoc

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	class Account {
 
-	    private final String firstName;
+		private final String firstName;
 
 		public Account(@BindParam("first-name") String firstName) {
 			this.firstName = firstName;

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/controller/ann-modelattrib-methods.adoc

@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ Java::
 ----
 	@ModelAttribute
 	public void addAccount(@RequestParam String number) {
-	    Mono<Account> accountMono = accountRepository.findAccount(number);
-	    model.addAttribute("account", accountMono);
+		Mono<Account> accountMono = accountRepository.findAccount(number);
+		model.addAttribute("account", accountMono);
 	}
 
 	@PostMapping("/accounts")

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/controller/ann-requestmapping.adoc

@@ -234,8 +234,8 @@ Kotlin::
 --
 
 URI path patterns can also have embedded `${...}` placeholders that are resolved on startup
-through `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` against local, system, environment, and
-other property sources. You can use this to, for example, parameterize a base URL based on
+by using `PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer` against local, system, environment, and
+other property sources. You can use this, for example, to parameterize a base URL based on
 some external configuration.
 
 NOTE: Spring WebFlux uses `PathPattern` and the `PathPatternParser` for URI path matching support.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/controller/ann-validation.adoc

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ locale and language specific resource bundles.
 For further custom handling of method validation errors, you can extend
 `ResponseEntityExceptionHandler` or use an `@ExceptionHandler` method in a controller
 or in a `@ControllerAdvice`, and handle `HandlerMethodValidationException` directly.
-The exception contains a list of``ParameterValidationResult``s that group validation errors
+The exception contains a list of ``ParameterValidationResult``s that group validation errors
 by method parameter. You can either iterate over those, or provide a visitor with callback
 methods by controller method parameter type:
 
@@ -104,21 +104,21 @@ Kotlin::
 
 		override fun requestHeader(requestHeader: RequestHeader, result: ParameterValidationResult) {
 				// ...
-        }
+		}
 
 		override fun requestParam(requestParam: RequestParam?, result: ParameterValidationResult) {
 				// ...
-        }
+		}
 
 		override fun modelAttribute(modelAttribute: ModelAttribute?, errors: ParameterErrors) {
 				// ...
-        }
+		}
 
 		// ...
 
 		override fun other(result: ParameterValidationResult) {
 				// ...
-        }
+		}
 	})
 ----
 ======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/reactive-spring.adoc

@@ -782,8 +782,8 @@ Java::
 ----
 	WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder()
 			.codecs(configurer -> {
-					CustomDecoder decoder = new CustomDecoder();
-                    configurer.customCodecs().registerWithDefaultConfig(decoder);
+				CustomDecoder decoder = new CustomDecoder();
+				configurer.customCodecs().registerWithDefaultConfig(decoder);
 			})
 			.build();
 ----
@@ -794,8 +794,8 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 	val webClient = WebClient.builder()
 			.codecs({ configurer ->
-					val decoder = CustomDecoder()
-            		configurer.customCodecs().registerWithDefaultConfig(decoder)
+				val decoder = CustomDecoder()
+				configurer.customCodecs().registerWithDefaultConfig(decoder)
 			 })
 			.build()
 ----

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc-functional.adoc

@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ ServerResponse.async(asyncResponse);
 ----
 ======
 
-https://www.w3.org/TR/eventsource/[Server-Sent Events] can be provided via the
+https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/server-sent-events.html[Server-Sent Events] can be provided via the
 static `sse` method on `ServerResponse`. The builder provided by that method
 allows you to send Strings, or other objects as JSON. For example:
 
@@ -781,7 +781,7 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    ClassPathResource index = new ClassPathResource("static/index.html");
+	ClassPathResource index = new ClassPathResource("static/index.html");
 	List<String> extensions = List.of("js", "css", "ico", "png", "jpg", "gif");
 	RequestPredicate spaPredicate = path("/api/**").or(path("/error")).or(pathExtension(extensions::contains)).negate();
 	RouterFunction<ServerResponse> redirectToIndex = route()
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    val redirectToIndex = router {
+	val redirectToIndex = router {
 		val index = ClassPathResource("static/index.html")
 		val extensions = listOf("js", "css", "ico", "png", "jpg", "gif")
 		val spaPredicate = !(path("/api/**") or path("/error") or
@@ -814,16 +814,16 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    Resource location = new FileUrlResource("public-resources/");
-    RouterFunction<ServerResponse> resources = RouterFunctions.resources("/resources/**", location);
+	Resource location = new FileUrlResource("public-resources/");
+	RouterFunction<ServerResponse> resources = RouterFunctions.resources("/resources/**", location);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-    val location = FileUrlResource("public-resources/")
-    val resources = router { resources("/resources/**", location) }
+	val location = FileUrlResource("public-resources/")
+	val resources = router { resources("/resources/**", location) }
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc-view.adoc

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 [[mvc-view]]
 = View Technologies
 :page-section-summary-toc: 1
+
 [.small]#xref:web/webflux-view.adoc[See equivalent in the Reactive stack]#
 
 The rendering of views in Spring MVC is pluggable. Whether you decide to use

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc-view/mvc-freemarker.adoc

@@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ the `Configuration` object.
 
 [[mvc-view-freemarker-forms]]
 == Form Handling
+[.small]#xref:web/webflux-view.adoc#webflux-view-freemarker-forms[See equivalent in the Reactive stack]#
 
 Spring provides a tag library for use in JSPs that contains, among others, a
 `<spring:bind/>` element. This element primarily lets forms display values from

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc-view/mvc-script.adoc

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ templating libraries on different script engines:
 |Scripting Library |Scripting Engine
 |https://handlebarsjs.com/[Handlebars] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
 |https://mustache.github.io/[Mustache] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://facebook.github.io/react/[React] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://www.embeddedjs.com/[EJS] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://www.stuartellis.name/articles/erb/[ERB] |https://www.jruby.org[JRuby]
+|https://react.dev/[React] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
+|https://ejs.co/[EJS] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
+|https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/ERB.html[ERB] |https://www.jruby.org[JRuby]
 |https://docs.python.org/2/library/string.html#template-strings[String templates] |https://www.jython.org/[Jython]
 |https://github.com/sdeleuze/kotlin-script-templating[Kotlin Script templating] |{kotlin-site}[Kotlin]
 |===
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ through https://www.webjars.org/[WebJars].
 
 [[mvc-view-script-integrate]]
 == Script Templates
-[.small]#xref:web/webflux-view.adoc#webflux-view-script[See equivalent in the Reactive stack]#
+[.small]#xref:web/webflux-view.adoc#webflux-view-script-integrate[See equivalent in the Reactive stack]#
 
 You can declare a `ScriptTemplateConfigurer` bean to specify the script engine to use,
 the script files to load, what function to call to render templates, and so on.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-ann-async.adoc

@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ invokes the configured exception resolvers and completes the request.
 === SSE
 
 `SseEmitter` (a subclass of `ResponseBodyEmitter`) provides support for
-https://www.w3.org/TR/eventsource/[Server-Sent Events], where events sent from the server
+https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/server-sent-events.html[Server-Sent Events], where events sent from the server
 are formatted according to the W3C SSE specification. To produce an SSE
 stream from a controller, return `SseEmitter`, as the following example shows:
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-ann-rest-exceptions.adoc

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ already set.
 "application/problem+json" over "application/json" when rendering a `ProblemDetail`,
 and also falls back on it if no compatible media type is found.
 
-To enable RFC 9457 responses for Spring WebFlux exceptions and for any
+To enable RFC 9457 responses for Spring MVC exceptions and for any
 `ErrorResponseException`, extend `ResponseEntityExceptionHandler` and declare it as an
 xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-advice.adoc[@ControllerAdvice] in Spring configuration. The handler
 has an `@ExceptionHandler` method that handles any `ErrorResponse` exception, which

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/modelattrib-method-args.adoc

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	class Account {
 
-	    private final String firstName;
+		private final String firstName;
 
 		public Account(@BindParam("first-name") String firstName) {
 			this.firstName = firstName;

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-validation.adoc

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ locale and language specific resource bundles.
 For further custom handling of method validation errors, you can extend
 `ResponseEntityExceptionHandler` or use an `@ExceptionHandler` method in a controller
 or in a `@ControllerAdvice`, and handle `HandlerMethodValidationException` directly.
-The exception contains a list of``ParameterValidationResult``s that group validation errors
+The exception contains a list of ``ParameterValidationResult``s that group validation errors
 by method parameter. You can either iterate over those, or provide a visitor with callback
 methods by controller method parameter type:
 
@@ -73,12 +73,12 @@ Java::
 
 		@Override
 		public void requestHeader(RequestHeader requestHeader, ParameterValidationResult result) {
-				// ...
+			// ...
 		}
 
 		@Override
 		public void requestParam(@Nullable RequestParam requestParam, ParameterValidationResult result) {
-				// ...
+			// ...
 		}
 
 		@Override
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ Java::
 
 		@Override
 		public void other(ParameterValidationResult result) {
-				// ...
+			// ...
 		}
 	});
 ----
@@ -103,22 +103,22 @@ Kotlin::
 	ex.visitResults(object : HandlerMethodValidationException.Visitor {
 
 		override fun requestHeader(requestHeader: RequestHeader, result: ParameterValidationResult) {
-				// ...
-        }
+			// ...
+		}
 
 		override fun requestParam(requestParam: RequestParam?, result: ParameterValidationResult) {
-				// ...
-        }
+			// ...
+		}
 
 		override fun modelAttribute(modelAttribute: ModelAttribute?, errors: ParameterErrors) {
-				// ...
-        }
+			// ...
+		}
 
 		// ...
 
 		override fun other(result: ParameterValidationResult) {
-				// ...
-        }
+			// ...
+		}
 	})
 ----
 ======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-security.adoc

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ reference documentation, including:
 * {docs-spring-security}/features/exploits/csrf.html#csrf-protection[CSRF protection]
 * {docs-spring-security}/features/exploits/headers.html[Security Response Headers]
 
-https://hdiv.org/[HDIV] is another web security framework that integrates with Spring MVC.
+https://github.com/hdiv/hdiv[HDIV] is another web security framework that integrates with Spring MVC.
 
 
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/websocket/stomp/enable.adoc

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ The following example code is based on it:
 [source,javascript,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	const stompClient = new StompJs.Client({
-        brokerURL: 'ws://domain.com/portfolio',
-        onConnect: () => {
-            // ...
-        }
-    });
+		brokerURL: 'ws://domain.com/portfolio',
+		onConnect: () => {
+			// ...
+		}
+	});
 ----
 
 Alternatively, if you connect through SockJS, you can enable the
@@ -47,5 +47,3 @@ interactive web application] -- a getting started guide.
 * https://github.com/rstoyanchev/spring-websocket-portfolio[Stock Portfolio] -- a sample
 application.
 
-
-

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/websocket/stomp/ordered-messages.adoc

@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@ from where they are handled according to their destination prefix. As the channe
 a `ThreadPoolExecutor`, messages are processed in different threads, and the resulting sequence
 of handling may not match the exact order in which they were received.
 
-To enable ordered publishing, set the `setPreserveReceiveOrder` flag as follows:
+To enable ordered receiving, set the `setPreserveReceiveOrder` flag as follows:
 
 include-code::./ReceiveOrderWebSocketConfiguration[tag=snippet,indent=0]

framework-docs/package.json

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
     "@antora/collector-extension": "1.0.0-alpha.3",
     "@asciidoctor/tabs": "1.0.0-beta.6",
     "@springio/antora-extensions": "1.14.2",
+    "fast-xml-parser": "4.5.2",
     "@springio/asciidoctor-extensions": "1.0.0-alpha.10"
   }
 }

framework-docs/src/main/java/org/springframework/docs/integration/resthttpinterface/customresolver/CustomHttpServiceArgumentResolver.java

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.docs.integration.resthttpinterface.customresolver;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
+import org.springframework.web.client.RestClient;
+import org.springframework.web.client.support.RestClientAdapter;
+import org.springframework.web.service.annotation.GetExchange;
+import org.springframework.web.service.invoker.HttpRequestValues;
+import org.springframework.web.service.invoker.HttpServiceArgumentResolver;
+import org.springframework.web.service.invoker.HttpServiceProxyFactory;
+
+public class CustomHttpServiceArgumentResolver {
+
+	// tag::httpinterface[]
+	public interface RepositoryService {
+
+		@GetExchange("/repos/search")
+		List<Repository> searchRepository(Search search);
+
+	}
+	// end::httpinterface[]
+
+	class Sample {
+
+		void sample() {
+			// tag::usage[]
+			RestClient restClient = RestClient.builder().baseUrl("https://api.github.com/").build();
+			RestClientAdapter adapter = RestClientAdapter.create(restClient);
+			HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory
+					.builderFor(adapter)
+					.customArgumentResolver(new SearchQueryArgumentResolver())
+					.build();
+			RepositoryService repositoryService = factory.createClient(RepositoryService.class);
+
+			Search search = Search.create()
+					.owner("spring-projects")
+					.language("java")
+					.query("rest")
+					.build();
+			List<Repository> repositories = repositoryService.searchRepository(search);
+			// end::usage[]
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	// tag::argumentresolver[]
+	static class SearchQueryArgumentResolver implements HttpServiceArgumentResolver {
+		@Override
+		public boolean resolve(Object argument, MethodParameter parameter, HttpRequestValues.Builder requestValues) {
+			if (parameter.getParameterType().equals(Search.class)) {
+				Search search = (Search) argument;
+				requestValues.addRequestParameter("owner", search.owner());
+				requestValues.addRequestParameter("language", search.language());
+				requestValues.addRequestParameter("query", search.query());
+				return true;
+			}
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+	// end::argumentresolver[]
+
+
+	record Search (String query, String owner, String language) {
+
+		static Builder create() {
+			return new Builder();
+		}
+
+		static class Builder {
+
+			Builder query(String query) { return this;}
+
+			Builder owner(String owner) { return this;}
+
+			Builder language(String language) { return this;}
+
+			Search build() {
+				return new Search(null, null, null);
+			}
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	record Repository(String name) {
+
+	}
+
+}

framework-docs/src/main/kotlin/org/springframework/docs/integration/resthttpinterface/customresolver/CustomHttpServiceArgumentResolver.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.docs.integration.resthttpinterface.customresolver
+
+import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter
+import org.springframework.web.client.RestClient
+import org.springframework.web.client.support.RestClientAdapter
+import org.springframework.web.service.annotation.GetExchange
+import org.springframework.web.service.invoker.HttpRequestValues
+import org.springframework.web.service.invoker.HttpServiceArgumentResolver
+import org.springframework.web.service.invoker.HttpServiceProxyFactory
+
+class CustomHttpServiceArgumentResolver {
+
+	// tag::httpinterface[]
+	interface RepositoryService {
+
+		@GetExchange("/repos/search")
+		fun searchRepository(search: Search): List<Repository>
+
+	}
+	// end::httpinterface[]
+
+	class Sample {
+		fun sample() {
+			// tag::usage[]
+			val restClient = RestClient.builder().baseUrl("https://api.github.com/").build()
+			val adapter = RestClientAdapter.create(restClient)
+			val factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory
+				.builderFor(adapter)
+				.customArgumentResolver(SearchQueryArgumentResolver())
+				.build()
+			val repositoryService = factory.createClient<RepositoryService>(RepositoryService::class.java)
+
+			val search = Search(owner = "spring-projects", language = "java", query = "rest")
+			val repositories = repositoryService.searchRepository(search)
+			// end::usage[]
+			repositories.size
+		}
+	}
+
+	// tag::argumentresolver[]
+	class SearchQueryArgumentResolver : HttpServiceArgumentResolver {
+		override fun resolve(
+			argument: Any?,
+			parameter: MethodParameter,
+			requestValues: HttpRequestValues.Builder
+		): Boolean {
+			if (parameter.getParameterType() == Search::class.java) {
+				val search = argument as Search
+				requestValues.addRequestParameter("owner", search.owner)
+					.addRequestParameter("language", search.language)
+					.addRequestParameter("query", search.query)
+				return true
+			}
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	// end::argumentresolver[]
+
+	data class Search(val query: String, val owner: String, val language: String)
+
+	data class Repository(val name: String)
+}

framework-platform/framework-platform.gradle

@@ -7,31 +7,31 @@ javaPlatform {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-	api(platform("com.fasterxml.jackson:jackson-bom:2.18.2"))
-	api(platform("io.micrometer:micrometer-bom:1.14.3"))
-	api(platform("io.netty:netty-bom:4.1.117.Final"))
+	api(platform("com.fasterxml.jackson:jackson-bom:2.18.4"))
+	api(platform("io.micrometer:micrometer-bom:1.14.7"))
+	api(platform("io.netty:netty-bom:4.1.121.Final"))
 	api(platform("io.netty:netty5-bom:5.0.0.Alpha5"))
-	api(platform("io.projectreactor:reactor-bom:2024.0.2"))
-	api(platform("io.rsocket:rsocket-bom:1.1.4"))
-	api(platform("org.apache.groovy:groovy-bom:4.0.24"))
+	api(platform("io.projectreactor:reactor-bom:2024.0.6"))
+	api(platform("io.rsocket:rsocket-bom:1.1.5"))
+	api(platform("org.apache.groovy:groovy-bom:4.0.26"))
 	api(platform("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-bom:2.21.1"))
-	api(platform("org.assertj:assertj-bom:3.27.2"))
-	api(platform("org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-bom:12.0.16"))
-	api(platform("org.eclipse.jetty.ee10:jetty-ee10-bom:12.0.16"))
+	api(platform("org.assertj:assertj-bom:3.27.3"))
+	api(platform("org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-bom:12.0.21"))
+	api(platform("org.eclipse.jetty.ee10:jetty-ee10-bom:12.0.21"))
 	api(platform("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-bom:1.8.1"))
 	api(platform("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-bom:1.6.3"))
-	api(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.11.4"))
-	api(platform("org.mockito:mockito-bom:5.15.2"))
+	api(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.12.2"))
+	api(platform("org.mockito:mockito-bom:5.17.0"))
 
 	constraints {
 		api("com.fasterxml:aalto-xml:1.3.2")
 		api("com.fasterxml.woodstox:woodstox-core:6.7.0")
-		api("com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine:3.1.8")
+		api("com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine:3.2.0")
 		api("com.github.librepdf:openpdf:1.3.43")
 		api("com.google.code.findbugs:findbugs:3.0.1")
 		api("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2")
-		api("com.google.code.gson:gson:2.11.0")
-		api("com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java-util:4.29.3")
+		api("com.google.code.gson:gson:2.12.1")
+		api("com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java-util:4.30.2")
 		api("com.h2database:h2:2.3.232")
 		api("com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:2.9.0")
 		api("com.oracle.database.jdbc:ojdbc11:21.9.0.0")
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ dependencies {
 		api("com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-core:3.0.2")
 		api("com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-impl:3.0.2")
 		api("com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-xjc:3.0.2")
-		api("com.thoughtworks.qdox:qdox:2.1.0")
+		api("com.thoughtworks.qdox:qdox:2.2.0")
 		api("com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream:1.4.21")
 		api("commons-io:commons-io:2.15.0")
 		api("de.bechte.junit:junit-hierarchicalcontextrunner:4.12.2")
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ dependencies {
 		api("org.apache.derby:derby:10.16.1.1")
 		api("org.apache.derby:derbyclient:10.16.1.1")
 		api("org.apache.derby:derbytools:10.16.1.1")
-		api("org.apache.httpcomponents.client5:httpclient5:5.4.1")
-		api("org.apache.httpcomponents.core5:httpcore5-reactive:5.3.1")
+		api("org.apache.httpcomponents.client5:httpclient5:5.4.4")
+		api("org.apache.httpcomponents.core5:httpcore5-reactive:5.3.4")
 		api("org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml:5.2.5")
 		api("org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:10.1.28")
 		api("org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:10.1.28")
@@ -110,18 +110,18 @@ dependencies {
 		api("org.aspectj:aspectjrt:1.9.22.1")
 		api("org.aspectj:aspectjtools:1.9.22.1")
 		api("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver:1.9.22.1")
-		api("org.awaitility:awaitility:4.2.2")
+		api("org.awaitility:awaitility:4.3.0")
 		api("org.bouncycastle:bcpkix-jdk18on:1.72")
 		api("org.codehaus.jettison:jettison:1.5.4")
 		api("org.crac:crac:1.4.0")
 		api("org.dom4j:dom4j:2.1.4")
-		api("org.easymock:easymock:5.4.0")
-		api("org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-reactive-httpclient:4.0.8")
+		api("org.easymock:easymock:5.5.0")
+		api("org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-reactive-httpclient:4.0.9")
 		api("org.eclipse.persistence:org.eclipse.persistence.jpa:3.0.4")
 		api("org.eclipse:yasson:2.0.4")
 		api("org.ehcache:ehcache:3.10.8")
 		api("org.ehcache:jcache:1.0.1")
-		api("org.freemarker:freemarker:2.3.33")
+		api("org.freemarker:freemarker:2.3.34")
 		api("org.glassfish.external:opendmk_jmxremote_optional_jar:1.0-b01-ea")
 		api("org.glassfish:jakarta.el:4.0.2")
 		api("org.glassfish.tyrus:tyrus-container-servlet:2.1.3")
@@ -130,24 +130,24 @@ dependencies {
 		api("org.hibernate:hibernate-core-jakarta:5.6.15.Final")
 		api("org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:7.0.5.Final")
 		api("org.hsqldb:hsqldb:2.7.4")
-		api("org.htmlunit:htmlunit:4.6.0")
+		api("org.htmlunit:htmlunit:4.10.0")
 		api("org.javamoney:moneta:1.4.4")
-		api("org.jruby:jruby:9.4.9.0")
+		api("org.jruby:jruby:9.4.12.0")
 		api("org.junit.support:testng-engine:1.0.5")
 		api("org.mozilla:rhino:1.7.15")
 		api("org.ogce:xpp3:1.1.6")
-		api("org.python:jython-standalone:2.7.3")
+		api("org.python:jython-standalone:2.7.4")
 		api("org.quartz-scheduler:quartz:2.3.2")
-		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:htmlunit3-driver:4.26.0")
-		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:4.26.0")
+		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:htmlunit3-driver:4.29.0")
+		api("org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:4.29.0")
 		api("org.skyscreamer:jsonassert:1.5.3")
-		api("org.slf4j:slf4j-api:2.0.16")
-		api("org.testng:testng:7.10.2")
+		api("org.slf4j:slf4j-api:2.0.17")
+		api("org.testng:testng:7.11.0")
 		api("org.webjars:underscorejs:1.8.3")
-		api("org.webjars:webjars-locator-core:0.55")
-		api("org.webjars:webjars-locator-lite:1.0.0")
+		api("org.webjars:webjars-locator-core:0.59")
+		api("org.webjars:webjars-locator-lite:1.1.0")
 		api("org.xmlunit:xmlunit-assertj:2.10.0")
 		api("org.xmlunit:xmlunit-matchers:2.10.0")
-		api("org.yaml:snakeyaml:2.3")
+		api("org.yaml:snakeyaml:2.4")
 	}
 }

gradle.properties

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-version=6.2.2
+version=6.2.7
 
 org.gradle.caching=true
 org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx2048m

gradle/ide.gradle

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ if (project.name == "spring-oxm") {
 }
 
 // Include project specific settings
-task eclipseSettings(type: Copy) {
+tasks.register('eclipseSettings', Copy) {
 	from rootProject.files(
 		'src/eclipse/org.eclipse.core.resources.prefs',
 		'src/eclipse/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs',
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ task eclipseSettings(type: Copy) {
 	outputs.upToDateWhen { false }
 }
 
-task cleanEclipseSettings(type: Delete) {
+tasks.register('cleanEclipseSettings', Delete) {
 	delete project.file('.settings/org.eclipse.core.resources.prefs')
 	delete project.file('.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs')
 	delete project.file('.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.ui.prefs')

gradle/spring-module.gradle

@@ -69,32 +69,31 @@ normalization {
 
 javadoc {
 	description = "Generates project-level javadoc for use in -javadoc jar"
-
-	options.encoding = "UTF-8"
-	options.memberLevel = JavadocMemberLevel.PROTECTED
-	options.author = true
-	options.header = project.name
-	options.use = true
-	options.links(project.ext.javadocLinks)
-	// Check for syntax during linting. 'none' doesn't seem to work in suppressing
-	// all linting warnings all the time (see/link references most notably).
-	options.addStringOption("Xdoclint:syntax", "-quiet")
-
-	// Suppress warnings due to cross-module @see and @link references.
-	// Note that global 'api' task does display all warnings, and
-	// checks for 'reference' on top of 'syntax'.
-	logging.captureStandardError LogLevel.INFO
-	logging.captureStandardOutput LogLevel.INFO  // suppress "## warnings" message
+	failOnError = true
+	options {
+		encoding = "UTF-8"
+		memberLevel = JavadocMemberLevel.PROTECTED
+		author = true
+		header = project.name
+		use = true
+		links(project.ext.javadocLinks)
+		// Check for 'syntax' during linting. Note that the global
+		// 'framework-api:javadoc' task checks for 'reference' in addition
+		// to 'syntax'.
+		addBooleanOption("Xdoclint:syntax,-reference", true)
+		addBooleanOption('Werror', true)  // fail build on Javadoc warnings
+	}
 }
 
-task sourcesJar(type: Jar, dependsOn: classes) {
+tasks.register('sourcesJar', Jar) {
+	dependsOn classes
 	duplicatesStrategy = DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE
 	archiveClassifier.set("sources")
 	from sourceSets.main.allSource
 	// Don't include or exclude anything explicitly by default. See SPR-12085.
 }
 
-task javadocJar(type: Jar) {
+tasks.register('javadocJar', Jar) {
 	archiveClassifier.set("javadoc")
 	from javadoc
 }
@@ -114,16 +113,16 @@ components.java.withVariantsFromConfiguration(configurations.testFixturesApiElem
 components.java.withVariantsFromConfiguration(configurations.testFixturesRuntimeElements) { skip() }
 
 tasks.withType(JavaCompile).configureEach {
-    options.errorprone {
-    	disableAllChecks = true
-        option("NullAway:CustomContractAnnotations", "org.springframework.lang.Contract")
-        option("NullAway:AnnotatedPackages", "org.springframework")
-        option("NullAway:UnannotatedSubPackages", "org.springframework.instrument,org.springframework.context.index," +
+	options.errorprone {
+		disableAllChecks = true
+		option("NullAway:CustomContractAnnotations", "org.springframework.lang.Contract")
+		option("NullAway:AnnotatedPackages", "org.springframework")
+		option("NullAway:UnannotatedSubPackages", "org.springframework.instrument,org.springframework.context.index," +
 				"org.springframework.asm,org.springframework.cglib,org.springframework.objenesis," +
 				"org.springframework.javapoet,org.springframework.aot.nativex.substitution,org.springframework.aot.nativex.feature")
-    }
+	}
 }
 tasks.compileJava {
-    // The check defaults to a warning, bump it up to an error for the main sources
-    options.errorprone.error("NullAway")
-}
+	// The check defaults to a warning, bump it up to an error for the main sources
+	options.errorprone.error("NullAway")
+}

gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.12-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.14-bin.zip
 networkTimeout=10000
 validateDistributionUrl=true
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME

gradlew

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ case "$( uname )" in                #(
   NONSTOP* )        nonstop=true ;;
 esac
 
-CLASSPATH=$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
+CLASSPATH="\\\"\\\""
 
 
 # Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM.
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ fi
 DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS='"-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"'
 
 # Collect all arguments for the java command:
-#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and optsEnvironmentVar are not allowed to contain shell fragments,
+#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and optsEnvironmentVar are not allowed to contain shell fragments,
 #     and any embedded shellness will be escaped.
 #   * For example: A user cannot expect ${Hostname} to be expanded, as it is an environment variable and will be
 #     treated as '${Hostname}' itself on the command line.
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS='"-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"'
 set -- \
         "-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME" \
         -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \
-        org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain \
+        -jar "$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar" \
         "$@"
 
 # Stop when "xargs" is not available.

gradlew.bat

@@ -70,11 +70,11 @@ goto fail
 :execute
 @rem Setup the command line
 
-set CLASSPATH=%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar
+set CLASSPATH=
 
 
 @rem Execute Gradle
-"%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -classpath "%CLASSPATH%" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain %*
+"%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -classpath "%CLASSPATH%" -jar "%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar" %*
 
 :end
 @rem End local scope for the variables with windows NT shell

settings.gradle

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 plugins {
-	id "com.gradle.develocity" version "3.17.2"
+	id "com.gradle.develocity" version "3.19"
 	id "io.spring.ge.conventions" version "0.0.17"
 	id "org.gradle.toolchains.foojay-resolver-convention" version "0.7.0"
 }

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/aspectj/AbstractAspectJAdvice.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -276,14 +276,18 @@ public abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvice implements Advice, AspectJPrecedence
 		}
 		if (this.aspectJAdviceMethod.getParameterCount() == this.argumentNames.length + 1) {
 			// May need to add implicit join point arg name...
-			Class<?> firstArgType = this.aspectJAdviceMethod.getParameterTypes()[0];
-			if (firstArgType == JoinPoint.class ||
-					firstArgType == ProceedingJoinPoint.class ||
-					firstArgType == JoinPoint.StaticPart.class) {
-				String[] oldNames = this.argumentNames;
-				this.argumentNames = new String[oldNames.length + 1];
-				this.argumentNames[0] = "THIS_JOIN_POINT";
-				System.arraycopy(oldNames, 0, this.argumentNames, 1, oldNames.length);
+			for (int i = 0; i < this.aspectJAdviceMethod.getParameterCount(); i++) {
+				Class<?> argType = this.aspectJAdviceMethod.getParameterTypes()[i];
+				if (argType == JoinPoint.class ||
+						argType == ProceedingJoinPoint.class ||
+						argType == JoinPoint.StaticPart.class) {
+					String[] oldNames = this.argumentNames;
+					this.argumentNames = new String[oldNames.length + 1];
+					System.arraycopy(oldNames, 0, this.argumentNames, 0, i);
+					this.argumentNames[i] = "THIS_JOIN_POINT";
+					System.arraycopy(oldNames, i, this.argumentNames, i + 1, oldNames.length - i);
+					break;
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/aspectj/AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 
 		try {
 			int algorithmicStep = STEP_JOIN_POINT_BINDING;
-			while ((this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments > 0) && algorithmicStep < STEP_FINISHED) {
+			while (this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments > 0 && algorithmicStep < STEP_FINISHED) {
 				switch (algorithmicStep++) {
 					case STEP_JOIN_POINT_BINDING -> {
 						if (!maybeBindThisJoinPoint()) {
@@ -373,7 +373,8 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 		if (this.returningName != null) {
 			if (this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments > 1) {
 				throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Binding of returning parameter '" + this.returningName +
-						"' is ambiguous: there are " + this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments + " candidates.");
+						"' is ambiguous: there are " + this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments + " candidates. " +
+						"Consider compiling with -parameters in order to make declared parameter names available.");
 			}
 
 			// We're all set... find the unbound parameter, and bind it.
@@ -485,8 +486,8 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 	 */
 	private void maybeBindThisOrTargetOrArgsFromPointcutExpression() {
 		if (this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments > 1) {
-			throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Still " + this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments
-					+ " unbound args at this()/target()/args() binding stage, with no way to determine between them");
+			throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Still " + this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments +
+					" unbound args at this()/target()/args() binding stage, with no way to determine between them");
 		}
 
 		List<String> varNames = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -535,8 +536,8 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 
 	private void maybeBindReferencePointcutParameter() {
 		if (this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments > 1) {
-			throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Still " + this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments
-					+ " unbound args at reference pointcut binding stage, with no way to determine between them");
+			throw new AmbiguousBindingException("Still " + this.numberOfRemainingUnboundArguments +
+					" unbound args at reference pointcut binding stage, with no way to determine between them");
 		}
 
 		List<String> varNames = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -741,7 +742,9 @@ public class AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer implements ParameterNameDiscov
 	 * Simple record to hold the extracted text from a pointcut body, together
 	 * with the number of tokens consumed in extracting it.
 	 */
-	private record PointcutBody(int numTokensConsumed, @Nullable String text) {}
+	private record PointcutBody(int numTokensConsumed, @Nullable String text) {
+	}
+
 
 	/**
 	 * Thrown in response to an ambiguous binding being detected when

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/aspectj/annotation/ReflectiveAspectJAdvisorFactory.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public class ReflectiveAspectJAdvisorFactory extends AbstractAspectJAdvisorFacto
 	 * Create a new {@code ReflectiveAspectJAdvisorFactory}, propagating the given
 	 * {@link BeanFactory} to the created {@link AspectJExpressionPointcut} instances,
 	 * for bean pointcut handling as well as consistent {@link ClassLoader} resolution.
-	 * @param beanFactory the BeanFactory to propagate (may be {@code null}}
+	 * @param beanFactory the BeanFactory to propagate (may be {@code null})
 	 * @since 4.3.6
 	 * @see AspectJExpressionPointcut#setBeanFactory
 	 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory#getBeanClassLoader()

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/config/AspectEntry.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ public class AspectEntry implements ParseState.Entry {
 
 	@Override
 	public String toString() {
-		return "Aspect: " + (StringUtils.hasLength(this.id) ? "id='" + this.id + "'"
-				: "ref='" + this.ref + "'");
+		return "Aspect: " + (StringUtils.hasLength(this.id) ? "id='" + this.id + "'" :
+				"ref='" + this.ref + "'");
 	}
 
 }

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/framework/CglibAopProxy.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import org.springframework.aop.AopInvocationException;
 import org.springframework.aop.RawTargetAccess;
 import org.springframework.aop.TargetSource;
 import org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils;
+import org.springframework.aot.AotDetector;
 import org.springframework.cglib.core.ClassLoaderAwareGeneratorStrategy;
 import org.springframework.cglib.core.CodeGenerationException;
 import org.springframework.cglib.core.GeneratorStrategy;
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ class CglibAopProxy implements AopProxy, Serializable {
 			enhancer.setSuperclass(proxySuperClass);
 			enhancer.setInterfaces(AopProxyUtils.completeProxiedInterfaces(this.advised));
 			enhancer.setNamingPolicy(SpringNamingPolicy.INSTANCE);
-			enhancer.setAttemptLoad(true);
+			enhancer.setAttemptLoad(enhancer.getUseCache() && AotDetector.useGeneratedArtifacts());
 			enhancer.setStrategy(KotlinDetector.isKotlinType(proxySuperClass) ?
 					new ClassLoaderAwareGeneratorStrategy(classLoader) :
 					new ClassLoaderAwareGeneratorStrategy(classLoader, undeclaredThrowableStrategy)

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/framework/autoproxy/BeanNameAutoProxyCreator.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2020 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -114,10 +114,10 @@ public class BeanNameAutoProxyCreator extends AbstractAutoProxyCreator {
 			boolean isFactoryBean = FactoryBean.class.isAssignableFrom(beanClass);
 			for (String mappedName : this.beanNames) {
 				if (isFactoryBean) {
-					if (!mappedName.startsWith(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX)) {
+					if (mappedName.isEmpty() || mappedName.charAt(0) != BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX_CHAR) {
 						continue;
 					}
-					mappedName = mappedName.substring(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX.length());
+					mappedName = mappedName.substring(1);  // length of '&'
 				}
 				if (isMatch(beanName, mappedName)) {
 					return true;

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/interceptor/AsyncExecutionInterceptor.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ public class AsyncExecutionInterceptor extends AsyncExecutionAspectSupport imple
 			return null;
 		};
 
-		return doSubmit(task, executor, invocation.getMethod().getReturnType());
+		return doSubmit(task, executor, userMethod.getReturnType());
 	}
 
 	/**

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/support/ClassFilters.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -198,8 +198,8 @@ public abstract class ClassFilters {
 
 		@Override
 		public boolean equals(Object other) {
-			return (this == other || (other instanceof NegateClassFilter that
-					&& this.original.equals(that.original)));
+			return (this == other || (other instanceof NegateClassFilter that &&
+					this.original.equals(that.original)));
 		}
 
 		@Override

spring-aop/src/main/java/org/springframework/aop/support/MethodMatchers.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -378,8 +378,8 @@ public abstract class MethodMatchers {
 
 		@Override
 		public boolean equals(Object other) {
-			return (this == other || (other instanceof NegateMethodMatcher that
-					&& this.original.equals(that.original)));
+			return (this == other || (other instanceof NegateMethodMatcher that &&
+					this.original.equals(that.original)));
 		}
 
 		@Override

spring-aop/src/test/java/org/springframework/aop/aspectj/AbstractAspectJAdviceTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.aop.aspectj;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+
+import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
+import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
+import org.assertj.core.api.InstanceOfAssertFactories;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link AbstractAspectJAdvice}.
+ *
+ * @author Joshua Chen
+ * @author Stephane Nicoll
+ */
+class AbstractAspectJAdviceTests {
+
+	@Test
+	void setArgumentNamesFromStringArray_withoutJoinPointParameter() {
+		AbstractAspectJAdvice advice = getAspectJAdvice("methodWithNoJoinPoint");
+		assertThat(advice).satisfies(hasArgumentNames("arg1", "arg2"));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void setArgumentNamesFromStringArray_withJoinPointAsFirstParameter() {
+		AbstractAspectJAdvice advice = getAspectJAdvice("methodWithJoinPointAsFirstParameter");
+		assertThat(advice).satisfies(hasArgumentNames("THIS_JOIN_POINT", "arg1", "arg2"));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void setArgumentNamesFromStringArray_withJoinPointAsLastParameter() {
+		AbstractAspectJAdvice advice = getAspectJAdvice("methodWithJoinPointAsLastParameter");
+		assertThat(advice).satisfies(hasArgumentNames("arg1", "arg2", "THIS_JOIN_POINT"));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void setArgumentNamesFromStringArray_withJoinPointAsMiddleParameter() {
+		AbstractAspectJAdvice advice = getAspectJAdvice("methodWithJoinPointAsMiddleParameter");
+		assertThat(advice).satisfies(hasArgumentNames("arg1", "THIS_JOIN_POINT", "arg2"));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void setArgumentNamesFromStringArray_withProceedingJoinPoint() {
+		AbstractAspectJAdvice advice = getAspectJAdvice("methodWithProceedingJoinPoint");
+		assertThat(advice).satisfies(hasArgumentNames("THIS_JOIN_POINT", "arg1", "arg2"));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void setArgumentNamesFromStringArray_withStaticPart() {
+		AbstractAspectJAdvice advice = getAspectJAdvice("methodWithStaticPart");
+		assertThat(advice).satisfies(hasArgumentNames("THIS_JOIN_POINT", "arg1", "arg2"));
+	}
+
+	private Consumer<AbstractAspectJAdvice> hasArgumentNames(String... argumentNames) {
+		return advice -> assertThat(advice).extracting("argumentNames")
+				.asInstanceOf(InstanceOfAssertFactories.array(String[].class))
+				.containsExactly(argumentNames);
+	}
+
+	private AbstractAspectJAdvice getAspectJAdvice(final String methodName) {
+		AbstractAspectJAdvice advice = new TestAspectJAdvice(getMethod(methodName),
+				mock(AspectJExpressionPointcut.class), mock(AspectInstanceFactory.class));
+		advice.setArgumentNamesFromStringArray("arg1", "arg2");
+		return advice;
+	}
+
+	private Method getMethod(final String methodName) {
+		return Arrays.stream(Sample.class.getDeclaredMethods())
+				.filter(method -> method.getName().equals(methodName)).findFirst()
+				.orElseThrow();
+	}
+
+	@SuppressWarnings("serial")
+	public static class TestAspectJAdvice extends AbstractAspectJAdvice {
+
+		public TestAspectJAdvice(Method aspectJAdviceMethod, AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut,
+				AspectInstanceFactory aspectInstanceFactory) {
+			super(aspectJAdviceMethod, pointcut, aspectInstanceFactory);
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean isBeforeAdvice() {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean isAfterAdvice() {
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
+	static class Sample {
+
+		void methodWithNoJoinPoint(String arg1, String arg2) {
+		}
+
+		void methodWithJoinPointAsFirstParameter(JoinPoint joinPoint, String arg1, String arg2) {
+		}
+
+		void methodWithJoinPointAsLastParameter(String arg1, String arg2, JoinPoint joinPoint) {
+		}
+
+		void methodWithJoinPointAsMiddleParameter(String arg1, JoinPoint joinPoint, String arg2) {
+		}
+
+		void methodWithProceedingJoinPoint(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint, String arg1, String arg2) {
+		}
+
+		void methodWithStaticPart(JoinPoint.StaticPart staticPart, String arg1, String arg2) {
+		}
+	}
+
+}

spring-aop/src/test/java/org/springframework/aop/aspectj/annotation/AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -203,7 +203,6 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 		itb.getSpouse();
 
 		assertThat(maaif.isMaterialized()).isTrue();
-
 		assertThat(imapa.getDeclaredPointcut().getMethodMatcher().matches(TestBean.class.getMethod("getAge"), null)).isTrue();
 
 		assertThat(itb.getAge()).as("Around advice must apply").isEqualTo(0);
@@ -301,7 +300,7 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 	void bindingWithMultipleArgsDifferentlyOrdered() {
 		ManyValuedArgs target = new ManyValuedArgs();
 		ManyValuedArgs mva = createProxy(target, ManyValuedArgs.class,
-			getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new ManyValuedArgs(), "someBean")));
+				getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new ManyValuedArgs(), "someBean")));
 
 		String a = "a";
 		int b = 12;
@@ -320,7 +319,7 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 		NotLockable notLockableTarget = new NotLockable();
 		assertThat(notLockableTarget).isNotInstanceOf(Lockable.class);
 		NotLockable notLockable1 = createProxy(notLockableTarget, NotLockable.class,
-			getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")));
+				getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")));
 		assertThat(notLockable1).isInstanceOf(Lockable.class);
 		Lockable lockable = (Lockable) notLockable1;
 		assertThat(lockable.locked()).isFalse();
@@ -329,7 +328,7 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 
 		NotLockable notLockable2Target = new NotLockable();
 		NotLockable notLockable2 = createProxy(notLockable2Target, NotLockable.class,
-			getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")));
+				getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")));
 		assertThat(notLockable2).isInstanceOf(Lockable.class);
 		Lockable lockable2 = (Lockable) notLockable2;
 		assertThat(lockable2.locked()).isFalse();
@@ -343,20 +342,19 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 	void introductionAdvisorExcludedFromTargetImplementingInterface() {
 		assertThat(AopUtils.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(
 		getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(
-			aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")),
+				aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")),
 		CannotBeUnlocked.class)).isEmpty();
 		assertThat(AopUtils.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(
-			aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(),"someBean")), NotLockable.class)).hasSize(2);
+				aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(),"someBean")), NotLockable.class)).hasSize(2);
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void introductionOnTargetImplementingInterface() {
 		CannotBeUnlocked target = new CannotBeUnlocked();
 		Lockable proxy = createProxy(target, CannotBeUnlocked.class,
-				// Ensure that we exclude
 				AopUtils.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(
-					getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")),
-					CannotBeUnlocked.class));
+						getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")),
+						CannotBeUnlocked.class));
 		assertThat(proxy).isInstanceOf(Lockable.class);
 		Lockable lockable = proxy;
 		assertThat(lockable.locked()).as("Already locked").isTrue();
@@ -370,8 +368,8 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 		ArrayList<Object> target = new ArrayList<>();
 		List<?> proxy = createProxy(target, List.class,
 				AopUtils.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(
-					getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")),
-					List.class));
+						getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")),
+						List.class));
 		assertThat(proxy).as("Type pattern must have excluded mixin").isNotInstanceOf(Lockable.class);
 	}
 
@@ -379,7 +377,7 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 	void introductionBasedOnAnnotationMatch() { // gh-9980
 		AnnotatedTarget target = new AnnotatedTargetImpl();
 		List<Advisor> advisors = getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(
-			aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeAnnotatedTypeModifiable(), "someBean"));
+				aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeAnnotatedTypeModifiable(), "someBean"));
 		Object proxy = createProxy(target, AnnotatedTarget.class, advisors);
 		assertThat(proxy).isInstanceOf(Lockable.class);
 		Lockable lockable = (Lockable) proxy;
@@ -393,9 +391,9 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 		TestBean target = new TestBean();
 
 		List<Advisor> advisors = getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(
-			aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeITestBeanModifiable(), "someBean"));
+				aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeITestBeanModifiable(), "someBean"));
 		advisors.addAll(getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(
-			aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")));
+				aspectInstanceFactory(new MakeLockable(), "someBean")));
 
 		Modifiable modifiable = (Modifiable) createProxy(target, ITestBean.class, advisors);
 		assertThat(modifiable).isInstanceOf(Modifiable.class);
@@ -426,7 +424,7 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 		TestBean target = new TestBean();
 		UnsupportedOperationException expectedException = new UnsupportedOperationException();
 		List<Advisor> advisors = getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(
-			aspectInstanceFactory(new ExceptionThrowingAspect(expectedException), "someBean"));
+				aspectInstanceFactory(new ExceptionThrowingAspect(expectedException), "someBean"));
 		assertThat(advisors).as("One advice method was found").hasSize(1);
 		ITestBean itb = createProxy(target, ITestBean.class, advisors);
 		assertThatExceptionOfType(UnsupportedOperationException.class).isThrownBy(itb::getAge);
@@ -439,12 +437,12 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 		TestBean target = new TestBean();
 		RemoteException expectedException = new RemoteException();
 		List<Advisor> advisors = getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(
-			aspectInstanceFactory(new ExceptionThrowingAspect(expectedException), "someBean"));
+				aspectInstanceFactory(new ExceptionThrowingAspect(expectedException), "someBean"));
 		assertThat(advisors).as("One advice method was found").hasSize(1);
 		ITestBean itb = createProxy(target, ITestBean.class, advisors);
 		assertThatExceptionOfType(UndeclaredThrowableException.class)
-			.isThrownBy(itb::getAge)
-			.withCause(expectedException);
+				.isThrownBy(itb::getAge)
+				.withCause(expectedException);
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -452,7 +450,7 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 		TestBean target = new TestBean();
 		TwoAdviceAspect twoAdviceAspect = new TwoAdviceAspect();
 		List<Advisor> advisors = getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(
-			aspectInstanceFactory(twoAdviceAspect, "someBean"));
+				aspectInstanceFactory(twoAdviceAspect, "someBean"));
 		assertThat(advisors).as("Two advice methods found").hasSize(2);
 		ITestBean itb = createProxy(target, ITestBean.class, advisors);
 		itb.setName("");
@@ -466,7 +464,7 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 	void afterAdviceTypes() throws Exception {
 		InvocationTrackingAspect aspect = new InvocationTrackingAspect();
 		List<Advisor> advisors = getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(
-			aspectInstanceFactory(aspect, "exceptionHandlingAspect"));
+				aspectInstanceFactory(aspect, "exceptionHandlingAspect"));
 		Echo echo = createProxy(new Echo(), Echo.class, advisors);
 
 		assertThat(aspect.invocations).isEmpty();
@@ -475,7 +473,7 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 
 		aspect.invocations.clear();
 		assertThatExceptionOfType(FileNotFoundException.class)
-			.isThrownBy(() -> echo.echo(new FileNotFoundException()));
+				.isThrownBy(() -> echo.echo(new FileNotFoundException()));
 		assertThat(aspect.invocations).containsExactly("around - start", "before", "after throwing", "after", "around - end");
 	}
 
@@ -487,7 +485,6 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 		assertThat(Modifier.isAbstract(aspect.getClass().getSuperclass().getModifiers())).isFalse();
 
 		List<Advisor> advisors = getAdvisorFactory().getAdvisors(aspectInstanceFactory(aspect, "incrementingAspect"));
-
 		ITestBean proxy = createProxy(new TestBean("Jane", 42), ITestBean.class, advisors);
 		assertThat(proxy.getAge()).isEqualTo(86); // (42 + 1) * 2
 	}
@@ -812,20 +809,20 @@ abstract class AbstractAspectJAdvisorFactoryTests {
 			invocations.add("before");
 		}
 
-		@AfterReturning("echo()")
-		void afterReturning() {
-			invocations.add("after returning");
-		}
-
-		@AfterThrowing("echo()")
-		void afterThrowing() {
-			invocations.add("after throwing");
-		}
-
 		@After("echo()")
 		void after() {
 			invocations.add("after");
 		}
+
+		@AfterReturning(pointcut = "this(target) && execution(* echo(*))", returning = "returnValue")
+		void afterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint, Echo target, Object returnValue) {
+			invocations.add("after returning");
+		}
+
+		@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "this(target) && execution(* echo(*))", throwing = "exception")
+		void afterThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint, Echo target, Throwable exception) {
+			invocations.add("after throwing");
+		}
 	}
 
 
@@ -967,7 +964,7 @@ abstract class AbstractMakeModifiable {
 class MakeITestBeanModifiable extends AbstractMakeModifiable {
 
 	@DeclareParents(value = "org.springframework.beans.testfixture.beans.ITestBean+",
-			defaultImpl=ModifiableImpl.class)
+			defaultImpl = ModifiableImpl.class)
 	static MutableModifiable mixin;
 
 }

spring-aop/src/test/java/org/springframework/aop/interceptor/AsyncExecutionInterceptorTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.aop.interceptor;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+
+import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+
+import org.springframework.core.task.AsyncTaskExecutor;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.given;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link AsyncExecutionInterceptor}.
+ *
+ * @author Bao Ngo
+ * @since 7.0
+ */
+class AsyncExecutionInterceptorTests {
+
+	@Test
+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+	void invokeOnInterfaceWithGeneric() throws Throwable {
+		AsyncExecutionInterceptor interceptor = spy(new AsyncExecutionInterceptor(null));
+		FutureRunner impl = new FutureRunner();
+		MethodInvocation mi = mock();
+		given(mi.getThis()).willReturn(impl);
+		given(mi.getMethod()).willReturn(GenericRunner.class.getMethod("run"));
+
+		interceptor.invoke(mi);
+		ArgumentCaptor<Class<?>> classArgumentCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Class.class);
+		verify(interceptor).doSubmit(any(Callable.class), any(AsyncTaskExecutor.class), classArgumentCaptor.capture());
+		assertThat(classArgumentCaptor.getValue()).isEqualTo(Future.class);
+	}
+
+
+	interface GenericRunner<O> {
+
+		O run();
+	}
+
+	static class FutureRunner implements GenericRunner<Future<Void>> {
+		@Override
+		public Future<Void> run() {
+			return CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
+			});
+		}
+	}
+}

spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor extends AbstractPropertyA
 		String lastKey = tokens.keys[tokens.keys.length - 1];
 
 		if (propValue.getClass().isArray()) {
-			Class<?> requiredType = propValue.getClass().componentType();
+			Class<?> componentType = propValue.getClass().componentType();
 			int arrayIndex = Integer.parseInt(lastKey);
 			Object oldValue = null;
 			try {
@@ -299,10 +299,9 @@ public abstract class AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor extends AbstractPropertyA
 					oldValue = Array.get(propValue, arrayIndex);
 				}
 				Object convertedValue = convertIfNecessary(tokens.canonicalName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
-						requiredType, ph.nested(tokens.keys.length));
+						componentType, ph.nested(tokens.keys.length));
 				int length = Array.getLength(propValue);
 				if (arrayIndex >= length && arrayIndex < this.autoGrowCollectionLimit) {
-					Class<?> componentType = propValue.getClass().componentType();
 					Object newArray = Array.newInstance(componentType, arrayIndex + 1);
 					System.arraycopy(propValue, 0, newArray, 0, length);
 					int lastKeyIndex = tokens.canonicalName.lastIndexOf('[');
@@ -658,6 +657,14 @@ public abstract class AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor extends AbstractPropertyA
 						growCollectionIfNecessary(list, index, indexedPropertyName.toString(), ph, i + 1);
 						value = list.get(index);
 					}
+					else if (value instanceof Map map) {
+						Class<?> mapKeyType = ph.getResolvableType().getNested(i + 1).asMap().resolveGeneric(0);
+						// IMPORTANT: Do not pass full property name in here - property editors
+						// must not kick in for map keys but rather only for map values.
+						TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(mapKeyType);
+						Object convertedMapKey = convertIfNecessary(null, null, key, mapKeyType, typeDescriptor);
+						value = map.get(convertedMapKey);
+					}
 					else if (value instanceof Iterable iterable) {
 						// Apply index to Iterator in case of a Set/Collection/Iterable.
 						int index = Integer.parseInt(key);
@@ -685,14 +692,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor extends AbstractPropertyA
 											currIndex + ", accessed using property path '" + propertyName + "'");
 						}
 					}
-					else if (value instanceof Map map) {
-						Class<?> mapKeyType = ph.getResolvableType().getNested(i + 1).asMap().resolveGeneric(0);
-						// IMPORTANT: Do not pass full property name in here - property editors
-						// must not kick in for map keys but rather only for map values.
-						TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(mapKeyType);
-						Object convertedMapKey = convertIfNecessary(null, null, key, mapKeyType, typeDescriptor);
-						value = map.get(convertedMapKey);
-					}
 					else {
 						throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
 								"Property referenced in indexed property path '" + propertyName +
@@ -904,16 +903,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor extends AbstractPropertyA
 	private Object newValue(Class<?> type, @Nullable TypeDescriptor desc, String name) {
 		try {
 			if (type.isArray()) {
-				Class<?> componentType = type.componentType();
-				// TODO - only handles 2-dimensional arrays
-				if (componentType.isArray()) {
-					Object array = Array.newInstance(componentType, 1);
-					Array.set(array, 0, Array.newInstance(componentType.componentType(), 0));
-					return array;
-				}
-				else {
-					return Array.newInstance(componentType, 0);
-				}
+				return createArray(type);
 			}
 			else if (Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
 				TypeDescriptor elementDesc = (desc != null ? desc.getElementTypeDescriptor() : null);
@@ -937,6 +927,24 @@ public abstract class AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor extends AbstractPropertyA
 		}
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Create the array for the given array type.
+	 * @param arrayType the desired type of the target array
+	 * @return a new array instance
+	 */
+	private static Object createArray(Class<?> arrayType) {
+		Assert.notNull(arrayType, "Array type must not be null");
+		Class<?> componentType = arrayType.componentType();
+		if (componentType.isArray()) {
+			Object array = Array.newInstance(componentType, 1);
+			Array.set(array, 0, createArray(componentType));
+			return array;
+		}
+		else {
+			return Array.newInstance(componentType, 0);
+		}
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Parse the given property name into the corresponding property name tokens.
 	 * @param propertyName the property name to parse

spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/MethodInvocationException.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2018 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
  * analogous to an InvocationTargetException.
  *
  * @author Rod Johnson
+ * @author Juergen Hoeller
  */
 @SuppressWarnings("serial")
 public class MethodInvocationException extends PropertyAccessException {
@@ -41,7 +42,9 @@ public class MethodInvocationException extends PropertyAccessException {
 	 * @param cause the Throwable raised by the invoked method
 	 */
 	public MethodInvocationException(PropertyChangeEvent propertyChangeEvent, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
-		super(propertyChangeEvent, "Property '" + propertyChangeEvent.getPropertyName() + "' threw exception", cause);
+		super(propertyChangeEvent,
+				"Property '" + propertyChangeEvent.getPropertyName() + "' threw exception: " + cause,
+				cause);
 	}
 
 	@Override

spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/PropertyEditorRegistrar.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2012 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -45,4 +45,18 @@ public interface PropertyEditorRegistrar {
 	 */
 	void registerCustomEditors(PropertyEditorRegistry registry);
 
+	/**
+	 * Indicate whether this registrar exclusively overrides default editors
+	 * rather than registering custom editors, intended to be applied lazily.
+	 * <p>This has an impact on registrar handling in a bean factory: see
+	 * {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory#addPropertyEditorRegistrar}.
+	 * @since 6.2.3
+	 * @see PropertyEditorRegistry#registerCustomEditor
+	 * @see PropertyEditorRegistrySupport#overrideDefaultEditor
+	 * @see PropertyEditorRegistrySupport#setDefaultEditorRegistrar
+	 */
+	default boolean overridesDefaultEditors() {
+		return false;
+	}
+
 }

spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/PropertyEditorRegistrySupport.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ public class PropertyEditorRegistrySupport implements PropertyEditorRegistry {
 
 	private boolean configValueEditorsActive = false;
 
+	@Nullable
+	private PropertyEditorRegistrar defaultEditorRegistrar;
+
 	@Nullable
 	private Map<Class<?>, PropertyEditor> defaultEditors;
 
@@ -155,6 +158,19 @@ public class PropertyEditorRegistrySupport implements PropertyEditorRegistry {
 		this.configValueEditorsActive = true;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Set a registrar for default editors, as a lazy way of overriding default editors.
+	 * <p>This is expected to be a collaborator with {@link PropertyEditorRegistrySupport},
+	 * downcasting the given {@link PropertyEditorRegistry} accordingly and calling
+	 * {@link #overrideDefaultEditor} for registering additional default editors on it.
+	 * @param registrar the registrar to call when default editors are actually needed
+	 * @since 6.2.3
+	 * @see #overrideDefaultEditor
+	 */
+	public void setDefaultEditorRegistrar(PropertyEditorRegistrar registrar) {
+		this.defaultEditorRegistrar = registrar;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Override the default editor for the specified type with the given property editor.
 	 * <p>Note that this is different from registering a custom editor in that the editor
@@ -184,6 +200,9 @@ public class PropertyEditorRegistrySupport implements PropertyEditorRegistry {
 		if (!this.defaultEditorsActive) {
 			return null;
 		}
+		if (this.overriddenDefaultEditors == null && this.defaultEditorRegistrar != null) {
+			this.defaultEditorRegistrar.registerCustomEditors(this);
+		}
 		if (this.overriddenDefaultEditors != null) {
 			PropertyEditor editor = this.overriddenDefaultEditors.get(requiredType);
 			if (editor != null) {

spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/factory/BeanFactory.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -124,9 +124,16 @@ public interface BeanFactory {
 	 * beans <i>created</i> by the FactoryBean. For example, if the bean named
 	 * {@code myJndiObject} is a FactoryBean, getting {@code &myJndiObject}
 	 * will return the factory, not the instance returned by the factory.
+	 * @see #FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX_CHAR
 	 */
 	String FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX = "&";
 
+	/**
+	 * Character variant of {@link #FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX}.
+	 * @since 6.2.6
+	 */
+	char FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX_CHAR = '&';
+
 
 	/**
 	 * Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/factory/BeanFactoryUtils.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -39,10 +39,14 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
  * (which the methods defined on the ListableBeanFactory interface don't,
  * in contrast to the methods defined on the BeanFactory interface).
  *
+ * <p><b>NOTE:</b> It is generally preferable to use {@link ObjectProvider#stream()}
+ * via {@link BeanFactory#getBeanProvider} instead of this utility class.
+ *
  * @author Rod Johnson
  * @author Juergen Hoeller
  * @author Chris Beams
  * @since 04.07.2003
+ * @see BeanFactory#getBeanProvider
  */
 public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 
@@ -68,7 +72,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 	 * @see BeanFactory#FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX
 	 */
 	public static boolean isFactoryDereference(@Nullable String name) {
-		return (name != null && name.startsWith(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX));
+		return (name != null && !name.isEmpty() && name.charAt(0) == BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX_CHAR);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -80,14 +84,14 @@ public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 	 */
 	public static String transformedBeanName(String name) {
 		Assert.notNull(name, "'name' must not be null");
-		if (!name.startsWith(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX)) {
+		if (name.isEmpty() || name.charAt(0) != BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX_CHAR) {
 			return name;
 		}
 		return transformedBeanNameCache.computeIfAbsent(name, beanName -> {
 			do {
-				beanName = beanName.substring(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX.length());
+				beanName = beanName.substring(1);  // length of '&'
 			}
-			while (beanName.startsWith(BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX));
+			while (beanName.charAt(0) == BeanFactory.FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX_CHAR);
 			return beanName;
 		});
 	}
@@ -308,7 +312,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 	 * 'replacing' beans by explicitly choosing the same bean name in a child factory;
 	 * the bean in the ancestor factory won't be visible then, not even for by-type lookups.
 	 * @param lbf the bean factory
-	 * @param type type of bean to match
+	 * @param type the type of bean to match
 	 * @return the Map of matching bean instances, or an empty Map if none
 	 * @throws BeansException if a bean could not be created
 	 * @see ListableBeanFactory#getBeansOfType(Class)
@@ -347,7 +351,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 	 * 'replacing' beans by explicitly choosing the same bean name in a child factory;
 	 * the bean in the ancestor factory won't be visible then, not even for by-type lookups.
 	 * @param lbf the bean factory
-	 * @param type type of bean to match
+	 * @param type the type of bean to match
 	 * @param includeNonSingletons whether to include prototype or scoped beans too
 	 * or just singletons (also applies to FactoryBeans)
 	 * @param allowEagerInit whether to initialize <i>lazy-init singletons</i> and
@@ -395,7 +399,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 	 * 'replacing' beans by explicitly choosing the same bean name in a child factory;
 	 * the bean in the ancestor factory won't be visible then, not even for by-type lookups.
 	 * @param lbf the bean factory
-	 * @param type type of bean to match
+	 * @param type the type of bean to match
 	 * @return the matching bean instance
 	 * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if no bean of the given type was found
 	 * @throws NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException if more than one bean of the given type was found
@@ -425,7 +429,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 	 * 'replacing' beans by explicitly choosing the same bean name in a child factory;
 	 * the bean in the ancestor factory won't be visible then, not even for by-type lookups.
 	 * @param lbf the bean factory
-	 * @param type type of bean to match
+	 * @param type the type of bean to match
 	 * @param includeNonSingletons whether to include prototype or scoped beans too
 	 * or just singletons (also applies to FactoryBeans)
 	 * @param allowEagerInit whether to initialize <i>lazy-init singletons</i> and
@@ -457,7 +461,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 	 * <p>This version of {@code beanOfType} automatically includes
 	 * prototypes and FactoryBeans.
 	 * @param lbf the bean factory
-	 * @param type type of bean to match
+	 * @param type the type of bean to match
 	 * @return the matching bean instance
 	 * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if no bean of the given type was found
 	 * @throws NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException if more than one bean of the given type was found
@@ -481,7 +485,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 	 * only raw FactoryBeans will be checked (which doesn't require initialization
 	 * of each FactoryBean).
 	 * @param lbf the bean factory
-	 * @param type type of bean to match
+	 * @param type the type of bean to match
 	 * @param includeNonSingletons whether to include prototype or scoped beans too
 	 * or just singletons (also applies to FactoryBeans)
 	 * @param allowEagerInit whether to initialize <i>lazy-init singletons</i> and
@@ -529,7 +533,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFactoryUtils {
 
 	/**
 	 * Extract a unique bean for the given type from the given Map of matching beans.
-	 * @param type type of bean to match
+	 * @param type the type of bean to match
 	 * @param matchingBeans all matching beans found
 	 * @return the unique bean instance
 	 * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if no bean of the given type was found

spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/factory/ListableBeanFactory.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -145,8 +145,6 @@ public interface ListableBeanFactory extends BeanFactory {
 	 * <p>Does not consider any hierarchy this factory may participate in.
 	 * Use BeanFactoryUtils' {@code beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors}
 	 * to include beans in ancestor factories too.
-	 * <p>Note: Does <i>not</i> ignore singleton beans that have been registered
-	 * by other means than bean definitions.
 	 * <p>This version of {@code getBeanNamesForType} matches all kinds of beans,
 	 * be it singletons, prototypes, or FactoryBeans. In most implementations, the
 	 * result will be the same as for {@code getBeanNamesForType(type, true, true)}.
@@ -176,8 +174,6 @@ public interface ListableBeanFactory extends BeanFactory {
 	 * <p>Does not consider any hierarchy this factory may participate in.
 	 * Use BeanFactoryUtils' {@code beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors}
 	 * to include beans in ancestor factories too.
-	 * <p>Note: Does <i>not</i> ignore singleton beans that have been registered
-	 * by other means than bean definitions.
 	 * <p>Bean names returned by this method should always return bean names <i>in the
 	 * order of definition</i> in the backend configuration, as far as possible.
 	 * @param type the generically typed class or interface to match
@@ -210,8 +206,6 @@ public interface ListableBeanFactory extends BeanFactory {
 	 * <p>Does not consider any hierarchy this factory may participate in.
 	 * Use BeanFactoryUtils' {@code beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors}
 	 * to include beans in ancestor factories too.
-	 * <p>Note: Does <i>not</i> ignore singleton beans that have been registered
-	 * by other means than bean definitions.
 	 * <p>This version of {@code getBeanNamesForType} matches all kinds of beans,
 	 * be it singletons, prototypes, or FactoryBeans. In most implementations, the
 	 * result will be the same as for {@code getBeanNamesForType(type, true, true)}.
@@ -239,8 +233,6 @@ public interface ListableBeanFactory extends BeanFactory {
 	 * <p>Does not consider any hierarchy this factory may participate in.
 	 * Use BeanFactoryUtils' {@code beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors}
 	 * to include beans in ancestor factories too.
-	 * <p>Note: Does <i>not</i> ignore singleton beans that have been registered
-	 * by other means than bean definitions.
 	 * <p>Bean names returned by this method should always return bean names <i>in the
 	 * order of definition</i> in the backend configuration, as far as possible.
 	 * @param type the class or interface to match, or {@code null} for all bean names
@@ -265,21 +257,24 @@ public interface ListableBeanFactory extends BeanFactory {
 	 * subclasses), judging from either bean definitions or the value of
 	 * {@code getObjectType} in the case of FactoryBeans.
 	 * <p><b>NOTE: This method introspects top-level beans only.</b> It does <i>not</i>
-	 * check nested beans which might match the specified type as well.
+	 * check nested beans which might match the specified type as well. Also, it
+	 * <b>suppresses exceptions for beans that are currently in creation in a circular
+	 * reference scenario:</b> typically, references back to the caller of this method.
 	 * <p>Does consider objects created by FactoryBeans, which means that FactoryBeans
 	 * will get initialized. If the object created by the FactoryBean doesn't match,
 	 * the raw FactoryBean itself will be matched against the type.
 	 * <p>Does not consider any hierarchy this factory may participate in.
 	 * Use BeanFactoryUtils' {@code beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors}
 	 * to include beans in ancestor factories too.
-	 * <p>Note: Does <i>not</i> ignore singleton beans that have been registered
-	 * by other means than bean definitions.
 	 * <p>This version of getBeansOfType matches all kinds of beans, be it
 	 * singletons, prototypes, or FactoryBeans. In most implementations, the
 	 * result will be the same as for {@code getBeansOfType(type, true, true)}.
 	 * <p>The Map returned by this method should always return bean names and
 	 * corresponding bean instances <i>in the order of definition</i> in the
 	 * backend configuration, as far as possible.
+	 * <p><b>Consider {@link #getBeanNamesForType(Class)} with selective {@link #getBean}
+	 * calls for specific bean names in preference to this Map-based retrieval method.</b>
+	 * Aside from lazy instantiation benefits, this also avoids any exception suppression.
 	 * @param type the class or interface to match, or {@code null} for all concrete beans
 	 * @return a Map with the matching beans, containing the bean names as
 	 * keys and the corresponding bean instances as values
@@ -295,7 +290,9 @@ public interface ListableBeanFactory extends BeanFactory {
 	 * subclasses), judging from either bean definitions or the value of
 	 * {@code getObjectType} in the case of FactoryBeans.
 	 * <p><b>NOTE: This method introspects top-level beans only.</b> It does <i>not</i>
-	 * check nested beans which might match the specified type as well.
+	 * check nested beans which might match the specified type as well. Also, it
+	 * <b>suppresses exceptions for beans that are currently in creation in a circular
+	 * reference scenario:</b> typically, references back to the caller of this method.
 	 * <p>Does consider objects created by FactoryBeans if the "allowEagerInit" flag is set,
 	 * which means that FactoryBeans will get initialized. If the object created by the
 	 * FactoryBean doesn't match, the raw FactoryBean itself will be matched against the
@@ -304,11 +301,12 @@ public interface ListableBeanFactory extends BeanFactory {
 	 * <p>Does not consider any hierarchy this factory may participate in.
 	 * Use BeanFactoryUtils' {@code beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors}
 	 * to include beans in ancestor factories too.
-	 * <p>Note: Does <i>not</i> ignore singleton beans that have been registered
-	 * by other means than bean definitions.
 	 * <p>The Map returned by this method should always return bean names and
 	 * corresponding bean instances <i>in the order of definition</i> in the
 	 * backend configuration, as far as possible.
+	 * <p><b>Consider {@link #getBeanNamesForType(Class)} with selective {@link #getBean}
+	 * calls for specific bean names in preference to this Map-based retrieval method.</b>
+	 * Aside from lazy instantiation benefits, this also avoids any exception suppression.
 	 * @param type the class or interface to match, or {@code null} for all concrete beans
 	 * @param includeNonSingletons whether to include prototype or scoped beans too
 	 * or just singletons (also applies to FactoryBeans)

spring-beans/src/main/java/org/springframework/beans/factory/ObjectProvider.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package org.springframework.beans.factory;
 
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
@@ -45,6 +46,21 @@ import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
  * Alternatively, you may implement the specific methods that your callers expect,
  * for example, just {@link #getObject()} or {@link #getIfAvailable()}.
  *
+ * <p>Note that {@link #getObject()} never returns {@code null} - it will throw a
+ * {@link NoSuchBeanDefinitionException} instead -, whereas {@link #getIfAvailable()}
+ * will return {@code null} if no matching bean is present at all. However, both
+ * methods will throw a {@link NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException} if more than one
+ * matching bean is found without a clear unique winner (see below). Last but not
+ * least, {@link #getIfUnique()} will return {@code null} both when no matching bean
+ * is found and when more than one matching bean is found without a unique winner.
+ *
+ * <p>Uniqueness is generally up to the container's candidate resolution algorithm
+ * but always honors the "primary" flag (with only one of the candidate beans marked
+ * as primary) and the "fallback" flag (with only one of the candidate beans not
+ * marked as fallback). The default-candidate flag is consistently taken into
+ * account as well, even for non-annotation-based injection points, with a single
+ * default candidate winning in case of no clear primary/fallback indication.
+ *
  * @author Juergen Hoeller
  * @since 4.3
  * @param <T> the object type
@@ -53,6 +69,18 @@ import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
  */
 public interface ObjectProvider<T> extends ObjectFactory<T>, Iterable<T> {
 
+	/**
+	 * A predicate for unfiltered type matches, including non-default candidates
+	 * but still excluding non-autowire candidates when used on injection points.
+	 * @since 6.2.3
+	 * @see #stream(Predicate)
+	 * @see #orderedStream(Predicate)
+	 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition#isAutowireCandidate()
+	 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinition#isDefaultCandidate()
+	 */
+	Predicate<Class<?>> UNFILTERED = (clazz -> true);
+
+
 	@Override
 	default T getObject() throws BeansException {
 		Iterator<T> it = iterator();
@@ -175,7 +203,7 @@ public interface ObjectProvider<T> extends ObjectFactory<T>, Iterable<T> {
 	 * if unique (not called otherwise)
 	 * @throws BeansException in case of creation errors
 	 * @since 5.0
-	 * @see #getIfAvailable()
+	 * @see #getIfUnique()
 	 */
 	default void ifUnique(Consumer<T> dependencyConsumer) throws BeansException {
 		T dependency = getIfUnique();
@@ -198,6 +226,10 @@ public interface ObjectProvider<T> extends ObjectFactory<T>, Iterable<T> {
 	/**
 	 * Return a sequential {@link Stream} over all matching object instances,
 	 * without specific ordering guarantees (but typically in registration order).
+	 * <p>Note: The result may be filtered by default according to qualifiers on the
+	 * injection point versus target beans and the general autowire candidate status
+	 * of matching beans. For custom filtering against type-matching candidates, use
+	 * {@link #stream(Predicate)} instead (potentially with {@link #UNFILTERED}).
 	 * @since 5.1
 	 * @see #iterator()
 	 * @see #orderedStream()
@@ -219,6 +251,10 @@ public interface ObjectProvider<T> extends ObjectFactory<T>, Iterable<T> {
 	 * {@link #stream()} method. You may override this to apply an
 	 * {@link org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationAwareOrderComparator}
 	 * if necessary.
+	 * <p>Note: The result may be filtered by default according to qualifiers on the
+	 * injection point versus target beans and the general autowire candidate status
+	 * of matching beans. For custom filtering against type-matching candidates, use
+	 * {@link #stream(Predicate)} instead (potentially with {@link #UNFILTERED}).
 	 * @since 5.1
 	 * @see #stream()
 	 * @see org.springframework.core.OrderComparator
@@ -227,4 +263,70 @@ public interface ObjectProvider<T> extends ObjectFactory<T>, Iterable<T> {
 		return stream().sorted(OrderComparator.INSTANCE);
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Return a custom-filtered {@link Stream} over all matching object instances,
+	 * without specific ordering guarantees (but typically in registration order).
+	 * @param customFilter a custom type filter for selecting beans among the raw
+	 * bean type matches (or {@link #UNFILTERED} for all raw type matches without
+	 * any default filtering)
+	 * @since 6.2.3
+	 * @see #stream()
+	 * @see #orderedStream(Predicate)
+	 */
+	default Stream<T> stream(Predicate<Class<?>> customFilter) {
+		return stream(customFilter, true);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a custom-filtered {@link Stream} over all matching object instances,
+	 * pre-ordered according to the factory's common order comparator.
+	 * @param customFilter a custom type filter for selecting beans among the raw
+	 * bean type matches (or {@link #UNFILTERED} for all raw type matches without
+	 * any default filtering)
+	 * @since 6.2.3
+	 * @see #orderedStream()
+	 * @see #stream(Predicate)
+	 */
+	default Stream<T> orderedStream(Predicate<Class<?>> customFilter) {
+		return orderedStream(customFilter, true);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a custom-filtered {@link Stream} over all matching object instances,
+	 * without specific ordering guarantees (but typically in registration order).
+	 * @param customFilter a custom type filter for selecting beans among the raw
+	 * bean type matches (or {@link #UNFILTERED} for all raw type matches without
+	 * any default filtering)
+	 * @param includeNonSingletons whether to include prototype or scoped beans too
+	 * or just singletons (also applies to FactoryBeans)
+	 * @since 6.2.5
+	 * @see #stream(Predicate)
+	 * @see #orderedStream(Predicate, boolean)
+	 */
+	default Stream<T> stream(Predicate<Class<?>> customFilter, boolean includeNonSingletons) {
+		if (!includeNonSingletons) {
+			throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Only supports includeNonSingletons=true by default");
+		}
+		return stream().filter(obj -> customFilter.test(obj.getClass()));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a custom-filtered {@link Stream} over all matching object instances,
+	 * pre-ordered according to the factory's common order comparator.
+	 * @param customFilter a custom type filter for selecting beans among the raw
+	 * bean type matches (or {@link #UNFILTERED} for all raw type matches without
+	 * any default filtering)
+	 * @param includeNonSingletons whether to include prototype or scoped beans too
+	 * or just singletons (also applies to FactoryBeans)
+	 * @since 6.2.5
+	 * @see #orderedStream()
+	 * @see #stream(Predicate)
+	 */
+	default Stream<T> orderedStream(Predicate<Class<?>> customFilter, boolean includeNonSingletons) {
+		if (!includeNonSingletons) {
+			throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Only supports includeNonSingletons=true by default");
+		}
+		return orderedStream().filter(obj -> customFilter.test(obj.getClass()));
+	}
+
 }