Release v6.2.4

.github/actions/create-github-release/action.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
     - name: Generate Changelog
-      uses: spring-io/github-changelog-generator@86958813a62af8fb223b3fd3b5152035504bcb83 #v0.0.12
+      uses: spring-io/github-changelog-generator@185319ad7eaa75b0e8e72e4b6db19c8b2cb8c4c1 #v0.0.11
       with:
         config-file: .github/actions/create-github-release/changelog-generator.yml
         milestone: ${{ inputs.milestone }}

.github/dco.yml

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-require:
-  members: false
-

.github/workflows/build-and-deploy-snapshot.yml

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ name: Build and Deploy Snapshot
 on:
   push:
     branches:
-      - main
+      - 6.2.x
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
 jobs:
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ jobs:
             /**/framework-api-*.zip::zip.name=spring-framework,zip.deployed=false
             /**/framework-api-*-docs.zip::zip.type=docs
             /**/framework-api-*-schema.zip::zip.type=schema
-          build-name: 'spring-framework-7.0.x'
+          build-name: 'spring-framework-6.2.x'
           folder: 'deployment-repository'
           password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
           repository: 'libs-snapshot-local'

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 name: CI
 on:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '30 9 * * *'
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - 6.2.x
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
 jobs:

.github/workflows/release-milestone.yml

@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-name: Release Milestone
-on:
-  push:
-    tags:
-      - v7.0.0-M[1-9]
-      - v7.0.0-RC[1-9]
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
-jobs:
-  build-and-stage-release:
-    name: Build and Stage Release
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Build and Publish
-        id: build-and-publish
-        uses: ./.github/actions/build
-        with:
-          develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.DEVELOCITY_ACCESS_KEY }}
-          publish: true
-      - name: Stage Release
-        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@26bbe925a75f4f863e1e529e85be2d0093cac116 # v0.0.1
-        with:
-          artifact-properties: |
-            /**/framework-api-*.zip::zip.name=spring-framework,zip.deployed=false
-            /**/framework-api-*-docs.zip::zip.type=docs
-            /**/framework-api-*-schema.zip::zip.type=schema
-          build-name: ${{ format('spring-framework-{0}', steps.build-and-publish.outputs.version)}}
-          folder: 'deployment-repository'
-          password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
-          repository: 'libs-staging-local'
-          signing-key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
-          signing-passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
-          uri: 'https://repo.spring.io'
-          username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
-    outputs:
-      version: ${{ steps.build-and-publish.outputs.version }}
-  verify:
-    name: Verify
-    needs: build-and-stage-release
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/verify.yml
-    secrets:
-      google-chat-webhook-url: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_CHAT_WEBHOOK_URL }}
-      repository-password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
-      repository-username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
-      token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}
-    with:
-      staging: true
-      version: ${{ needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version }}
-  sync-to-maven-central:
-    name: Sync to Maven Central
-    needs:
-      - build-and-stage-release
-      - verify
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
-      - name: Sync to Maven Central
-        uses: ./.github/actions/sync-to-maven-central
-        with:
-          jfrog-cli-config-token: ${{ secrets.JF_ARTIFACTORY_SPRING }}
-          ossrh-s01-staging-profile: ${{ secrets.OSSRH_S01_STAGING_PROFILE }}
-          ossrh-s01-token-password: ${{ secrets.OSSRH_S01_TOKEN_PASSWORD }}
-          ossrh-s01-token-username: ${{ secrets.OSSRH_S01_TOKEN_USERNAME }}
-          spring-framework-version: ${{ needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version }}
-  promote-release:
-    name: Promote Release
-    needs:
-      - build-and-stage-release
-      - sync-to-maven-central
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Set up JFrog CLI
-        uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@dff217c085c17666e8849ebdbf29c8fe5e3995e6 # v4.5.2
-        env:
-          JF_ENV_SPRING: ${{ secrets.JF_ARTIFACTORY_SPRING }}
-      - name: Promote build
-        run: jfrog rt build-promote ${{ format('spring-framework-{0}', needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version)}} ${{ github.run_number }} libs-milestone-local
-  create-github-release:
-    name: Create GitHub Release
-    needs:
-      - build-and-stage-release
-      - promote-release
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
-      - name: Create GitHub Release
-        uses: ./.github/actions/create-github-release
-        with:
-          milestone: ${{ needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version }}
-          pre-release: true
-          token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ name: Release
 on:
   push:
     tags:
-      - v7.0.[0-9]+
+      - v6.2.[0-9]+
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
 jobs:

.gitignore

@@ -54,4 +54,3 @@ atlassian-ide-plugin.xml
 cached-antora-playbook.yml
 
 node_modules
-/.kotlin/

.sdkmanrc

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 # Enable auto-env through the sdkman_auto_env config
 # Add key=value pairs of SDKs to use below
-java=24-librca
+java=17.0.13-librca

build.gradle

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 plugins {
-	id 'io.freefair.aspectj' version '8.13.1' apply false
+	id 'io.freefair.aspectj' version '8.4' apply false
 	// kotlinVersion is managed in gradle.properties
 	id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.serialization' version "${kotlinVersion}" apply false
 	id 'org.jetbrains.dokka' version '1.9.20'
+	id 'com.github.ben-manes.versions' version '0.51.0'
 	id 'com.github.bjornvester.xjc' version '1.8.2' apply false
+	id 'de.undercouch.download' version '5.4.0'
 	id 'io.github.goooler.shadow' version '8.1.8' apply false
 	id 'me.champeau.jmh' version '0.7.2' apply false
+	id 'me.champeau.mrjar' version '0.1.1'
 	id "net.ltgt.errorprone" version "4.1.0" apply false
 }
 
@@ -21,6 +24,13 @@ configure(allprojects) { project ->
 	group = "org.springframework"
 	repositories {
 		mavenCentral()
+		maven {
+			url = "https://repo.spring.io/milestone"
+			content {
+				// Netty 5 optional support
+				includeGroup 'io.projectreactor.netty'
+			}
+		}
 		if (version.contains('-')) {
 			maven { url = "https://repo.spring.io/milestone" }
 		}
@@ -54,6 +64,7 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 	apply plugin: "java"
 	apply plugin: "java-test-fixtures"
 	apply plugin: 'org.springframework.build.conventions'
+	apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/toolchains.gradle"
 	apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/ide.gradle"
 
 	dependencies {
@@ -69,26 +80,36 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 		testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
 		testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-suite-engine")
 		testRuntimeOnly("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core")
+		testRuntimeOnly("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-jul")
+		testRuntimeOnly("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j2-impl")
+		// JSR-305 only used for non-required meta-annotations
+		compileOnly("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305")
+		testCompileOnly("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305")
 	}
 
 	ext.javadocLinks = [
 			"https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/",
-			"https://jakarta.ee/specifications/platform/11/apidocs/",
+			"https://jakarta.ee/specifications/platform/9/apidocs/",
 			"https://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/orm/5.6/javadocs/",
 			"https://eclipse.dev/aspectj/doc/latest/runtime-api/",
 			"https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/api/2.3.0/",
+			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-core/javadoc/2.14/",
+			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-databind/javadoc/2.14/",
+			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-dataformat-xml/javadoc/2.14/",
 			"https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-5.4.x/current/httpclient5/apidocs/",
 			"https://projectreactor.io/docs/test/release/api/",
 			"https://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.13.2/",
-			"https://junit.org/junit5/docs/5.12.2/api/",
+			// TODO Uncomment link to JUnit 5 docs once we execute Gradle with Java 18+.
+			// See https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/27497
+			//
+			// "https://junit.org/junit5/docs/5.12.0/api/",
 			"https://www.reactive-streams.org/reactive-streams-1.0.3-javadoc/",
 			//"https://javadoc.io/static/io.rsocket/rsocket-core/1.1.1/",
 			"https://r2dbc.io/spec/1.0.0.RELEASE/api/",
 			// Previously there could be a split-package issue between JSR250 and JSR305 javax.annotation packages,
 			// but since 6.0 JSR 250 annotations such as @Resource and @PostConstruct have been replaced by their
 			// JakartaEE equivalents in the jakarta.annotation package.
-			//"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.google.code.findbugs/jsr305/3.0.2/",
-			"https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/"
+			//"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.google.code.findbugs/jsr305/3.0.2/"
 	] as String[]
 }
 

buildSrc/README.md

@@ -9,18 +9,7 @@ The `org.springframework.build.conventions` plugin applies all conventions to th
 
 * Configuring the Java compiler, see `JavaConventions`
 * Configuring the Kotlin compiler, see `KotlinConventions`
-* Configuring testing in the build with `TestConventions`
-* Configuring the ArchUnit rules for the project, see `org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules`
-
-This plugin also provides a DSL extension to optionally enable Java preview features for
-compiling and testing sources in a module. This can be applied with the following in a
-module build file:
-
-```groovy
-springFramework {
-	enableJavaPreviewFeatures = true
-}
-```
+* Configuring testing in the build with `TestConventions` 
 
 
 ## Build Plugins
@@ -33,25 +22,6 @@ but doesn't affect the classpath of dependent projects.
 This plugin does not provide a `provided` configuration, as the native `compileOnly` and `testCompileOnly`
 configurations are preferred.
 
-### MultiRelease Jar
-
-The `org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar` plugin configures the project with MultiRelease JAR support.
-It creates a new SourceSet and dedicated tasks for each Java variant considered.
-This can be configured with the DSL, by setting a list of Java variants to configure:
-
-```groovy
-plugins {
-    id 'org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar'
-}
-
-multiRelease {
-	releaseVersions 21, 24
-}
-```
-
-Note, Java classes will be compiled with the toolchain pre-configured by the project, assuming that its
-Java language version is equal or higher than all variants we consider. Each compilation task will only
-set the "-release" compilation option accordingly to produce the expected bytecode version.
 
 ### RuntimeHints Java Agent
 

buildSrc/build.gradle

@@ -20,21 +20,14 @@ ext {
 dependencies {
 	checkstyle "io.spring.javaformat:spring-javaformat-checkstyle:${javaFormatVersion}"
 	implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:${kotlinVersion}"
-	implementation "com.tngtech.archunit:archunit:1.4.0"
-	implementation "org.gradle:test-retry-gradle-plugin:1.6.2"
+	implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-compiler-embeddable:${kotlinVersion}"
+	implementation "org.gradle:test-retry-gradle-plugin:1.5.6"
 	implementation "io.spring.javaformat:spring-javaformat-gradle-plugin:${javaFormatVersion}"
 	implementation "io.spring.nohttp:nohttp-gradle:0.0.11"
-
-	testImplementation("org.assertj:assertj-core:${assertjVersion}")
-	testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:${junitJupiterVersion}")
 }
 
 gradlePlugin {
 	plugins {
-		architecturePlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.architecture"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitecturePlugin"
-		}
 		conventionsPlugin {
 			id = "org.springframework.build.conventions"
 			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.ConventionsPlugin"
@@ -43,10 +36,6 @@ gradlePlugin {
 			id = "org.springframework.build.localdev"
 			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.dev.LocalDevelopmentPlugin"
 		}
-		multiReleasePlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.multirelease.MultiReleaseJarPlugin"
-		}
 		optionalDependenciesPlugin {
 			id = "org.springframework.build.optional-dependencies"
 			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.optional.OptionalDependenciesPlugin"
@@ -57,9 +46,3 @@ gradlePlugin {
 		}
 	}
 }
-
-test {
-	useJUnitPlatform()
-}
-
-jar.dependsOn check

buildSrc/config/checkstyle/checkstyle.xml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <!DOCTYPE module PUBLIC "-//Checkstyle//DTD Checkstyle Configuration 1.3//EN" "https://checkstyle.org/dtds/configuration_1_3.dtd">
-<module name="Checker">
+<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.Checker">
 
 	<!-- Root Checks -->
 	<module name="io.spring.javaformat.checkstyle.check.SpringHeaderCheck">
@@ -12,15 +12,16 @@
 	<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.NewlineAtEndOfFileCheck"/>
 
 	<!-- TreeWalker Checks -->
-	<module name="TreeWalker">
+	<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.TreeWalker">
 
 		<!-- Imports -->
-		<module name="AvoidStarImport"/>
-		<module name="UnusedImports"/>
-		<module name="RedundantImport"/>
+		<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.imports.UnusedImportsCheck">
+			<property name="processJavadoc" value="true"/>
+		</module>
+
 		<!-- Modifiers -->
 		<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.modifier.ModifierOrderCheck"/>
 
 	</module>
 
-</module>
+</module>

buildSrc/gradle.properties

@@ -1,4 +1,2 @@
 org.gradle.caching=true
 javaFormatVersion=0.0.42
-junitJupiterVersion=5.11.4
-assertjVersion=3.27.3

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/CheckstyleConventions.java

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public class CheckstyleConventions {
 			project.getPlugins().apply(CheckstylePlugin.class);
 			project.getTasks().withType(Checkstyle.class).forEach(checkstyle -> checkstyle.getMaxHeapSize().set("1g"));
 			CheckstyleExtension checkstyle = project.getExtensions().getByType(CheckstyleExtension.class);
-			checkstyle.setToolVersion("10.23.0");
+			checkstyle.setToolVersion("10.21.4");
 			checkstyle.getConfigDirectory().set(project.getRootProject().file("src/checkstyle"));
 			String version = SpringJavaFormatPlugin.class.getPackage().getImplementationVersion();
 			DependencySet checkstyleDependencies = project.getConfigurations().getByName("checkstyle").getDependencies();
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ public class CheckstyleConventions {
 		project.getPlugins().apply(NoHttpPlugin.class);
 		NoHttpExtension noHttp = project.getExtensions().getByType(NoHttpExtension.class);
 		noHttp.setAllowlistFile(project.file("src/nohttp/allowlist.lines"));
-		noHttp.getSource().exclude("**/test-output/**", "**/.settings/**", "**/.classpath",
-				"**/.project", "**/.gradle/**", "**/node_modules/**", "**/spring-jcl/**", "buildSrc/build/**");
+		noHttp.getSource().exclude("**/test-output/**", "**/.settings/**",
+				"**/.classpath", "**/.project", "**/.gradle/**", "**/node_modules/**", "buildSrc/build/**");
 		List<String> buildFolders = List.of("bin", "build", "out");
 		project.allprojects(subproject -> {
 			Path rootPath = project.getRootDir().toPath();

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/ConventionsPlugin.java

@@ -21,15 +21,12 @@ import org.gradle.api.Project;
 import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.KotlinBasePlugin;
 
-import org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitecturePlugin;
-
 /**
  * Plugin to apply conventions to projects that are part of Spring Framework's build.
  * Conventions are applied in response to various plugins being applied.
  *
  * <p>When the {@link JavaBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link CheckstyleConventions},
  * {@link TestConventions} and {@link JavaConventions} are applied.
- * The {@link ArchitecturePlugin} plugin is also applied.
  * When the {@link KotlinBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link KotlinConventions}
  * are applied.
  *
@@ -39,8 +36,6 @@ public class ConventionsPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
 
 	@Override
 	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getExtensions().create("springFramework", SpringFrameworkExtension.class);
-		new ArchitecturePlugin().apply(project);
 		new CheckstyleConventions().apply(project);
 		new JavaConventions().apply(project);
 		new KotlinConventions().apply(project);

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/JavaConventions.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2023 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package org.springframework.build;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
@@ -41,18 +42,8 @@ public class JavaConventions {
 
 	private static final List<String> TEST_COMPILER_ARGS;
 
-	/**
-	 * The Java version we should use as the JVM baseline for building the project
-	 */
-	private static final JavaLanguageVersion DEFAULT_LANGUAGE_VERSION = JavaLanguageVersion.of(24);
-
-	/**
-	 * The Java version we should use as the baseline for the compiled bytecode (the "-release" compiler argument)
-	 */
-	private static final JavaLanguageVersion DEFAULT_RELEASE_VERSION = JavaLanguageVersion.of(17);
-
 	static {
-		List<String> commonCompilerArgs = List.of(
+		List<String> commonCompilerArgs = Arrays.asList(
 				"-Xlint:serial", "-Xlint:cast", "-Xlint:classfile", "-Xlint:dep-ann",
 				"-Xlint:divzero", "-Xlint:empty", "-Xlint:finally", "-Xlint:overrides",
 				"-Xlint:path", "-Xlint:processing", "-Xlint:static", "-Xlint:try", "-Xlint:-options",
@@ -60,75 +51,43 @@ public class JavaConventions {
 		);
 		COMPILER_ARGS = new ArrayList<>();
 		COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(commonCompilerArgs);
-		COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(List.of(
+		COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(Arrays.asList(
 				"-Xlint:varargs", "-Xlint:fallthrough", "-Xlint:rawtypes", "-Xlint:deprecation",
 				"-Xlint:unchecked", "-Werror"
 		));
 		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS = new ArrayList<>();
 		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(commonCompilerArgs);
-		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(List.of("-Xlint:-varargs", "-Xlint:-fallthrough", "-Xlint:-rawtypes",
+		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(Arrays.asList("-Xlint:-varargs", "-Xlint:-fallthrough", "-Xlint:-rawtypes",
 				"-Xlint:-deprecation", "-Xlint:-unchecked"));
 	}
 
 	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, javaPlugin -> {
-			applyToolchainConventions(project);
-			applyJavaCompileConventions(project);
-		});
+		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, javaPlugin -> applyJavaCompileConventions(project));
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Configure the Toolchain support for the project.
-	 * @param project the current project
-	 */
-	private static void applyToolchainConventions(Project project) {
-		project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class).toolchain(toolchain -> {
-			toolchain.getVendor().set(JvmVendorSpec.BELLSOFT);
-			toolchain.getLanguageVersion().set(DEFAULT_LANGUAGE_VERSION);
-		});
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Apply the common Java compiler options for main sources, test fixture sources, and
+	 * Applies the common Java compiler options for main sources, test fixture sources, and
 	 * test sources.
 	 * @param project the current project
 	 */
 	private void applyJavaCompileConventions(Project project) {
-		project.afterEvaluate(p -> {
-			p.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
-					.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().startsWith(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_JAVA_TASK_NAME))
-					.forEach(compileTask -> {
-						compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(COMPILER_ARGS);
-						compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
-						setJavaRelease(compileTask);
-					});
-			p.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
-					.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().startsWith(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_TEST_JAVA_TASK_NAME)
-							|| compileTask.getName().equals("compileTestFixturesJava"))
-					.forEach(compileTask -> {
-						compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(TEST_COMPILER_ARGS);
-						compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
-						setJavaRelease(compileTask);
-					});
-
+		project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class).toolchain(toolchain -> {
+			toolchain.getVendor().set(JvmVendorSpec.BELLSOFT);
+			toolchain.getLanguageVersion().set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(17));
 		});
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * We should pick the {@link #DEFAULT_RELEASE_VERSION} for all compiled classes,
-	 * unless the current task is compiling multi-release JAR code with a higher version.
-	 */
-	private void setJavaRelease(JavaCompile task) {
-		int defaultVersion = DEFAULT_RELEASE_VERSION.asInt();
-		int releaseVersion = defaultVersion;
-		int compilerVersion = task.getJavaCompiler().get().getMetadata().getLanguageVersion().asInt();
-		for (int version = defaultVersion ; version <= compilerVersion ; version++) {
-			if (task.getName().contains("Java" + version)) {
-				releaseVersion = version;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		task.getOptions().getRelease().set(releaseVersion);
+		project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
+				.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().equals(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_JAVA_TASK_NAME))
+				.forEach(compileTask -> {
+					compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(COMPILER_ARGS);
+					compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
+				});
+		project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
+				.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().equals(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_TEST_JAVA_TASK_NAME)
+						|| compileTask.getName().equals("compileTestFixturesJava"))
+				.forEach(compileTask -> {
+					compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(TEST_COMPILER_ARGS);
+					compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
+				});
 	}
 
 }

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/KotlinConventions.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,14 +16,15 @@
 
 package org.springframework.build;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
 import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.KotlinVersion;
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.KotlinJvmOptions;
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile;
 
 /**
  * @author Brian Clozel
- * @author Sebastien Deleuze
  */
 public class KotlinConventions {
 
@@ -33,19 +34,15 @@ public class KotlinConventions {
 	}
 
 	private void configure(KotlinCompile compile) {
-		compile.compilerOptions(options -> {
-			options.getApiVersion().set(KotlinVersion.KOTLIN_2_1);
-			options.getLanguageVersion().set(KotlinVersion.KOTLIN_2_1);
-			options.getJvmTarget().set(JvmTarget.JVM_17);
-			options.getJavaParameters().set(true);
-			options.getAllWarningsAsErrors().set(true);
-			options.getFreeCompilerArgs().addAll(
-					"-Xsuppress-version-warnings",
-					"-Xjsr305=strict", // For dependencies using JSR 305
-					"-opt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn",
-					"-Xjdk-release=17" // Needed due to https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/KT-49746
-			);
-		});
+		KotlinJvmOptions kotlinOptions = compile.getKotlinOptions();
+		kotlinOptions.setApiVersion("1.7");
+		kotlinOptions.setLanguageVersion("1.7");
+		kotlinOptions.setJvmTarget("17");
+		kotlinOptions.setJavaParameters(true);
+		kotlinOptions.setAllWarningsAsErrors(true);
+		List<String> freeCompilerArgs = new ArrayList<>(compile.getKotlinOptions().getFreeCompilerArgs());
+		freeCompilerArgs.addAll(List.of("-Xsuppress-version-warnings", "-Xjsr305=strict", "-opt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn"));
+		compile.getKotlinOptions().setFreeCompilerArgs(freeCompilerArgs);
 	}
 
 }

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/SpringFrameworkExtension.java

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.provider.Property;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.JavaCompile;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
-import org.gradle.process.CommandLineArgumentProvider;
-
-public class SpringFrameworkExtension {
-
-	private final Property<Boolean> enableJavaPreviewFeatures;
-
-	public SpringFrameworkExtension(Project project) {
-		this.enableJavaPreviewFeatures = project.getObjects().property(Boolean.class);
-		project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class).configureEach(javaCompile ->
-				javaCompile.getOptions().getCompilerArgumentProviders().add(asArgumentProvider()));
-		project.getTasks().withType(Test.class).configureEach(test ->
-				test.getJvmArgumentProviders().add(asArgumentProvider()));
-
-	}
-
-	public Property<Boolean> getEnableJavaPreviewFeatures() {
-		return this.enableJavaPreviewFeatures;
-	}
-
-	private CommandLineArgumentProvider asArgumentProvider() {
-		return () -> {
-			if (getEnableJavaPreviewFeatures().getOrElse(false)) {
-				return List.of("--enable-preview");
-			}
-			return Collections.emptyList();
-		};
-	}
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/TestConventions.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -54,7 +54,10 @@ class TestConventions {
 		test.include("**/*Tests.class", "**/*Test.class");
 		test.setSystemProperties(Map.of(
 				"java.awt.headless", "true",
-				"io.netty.leakDetection.level", "paranoid"
+				"io.netty.leakDetection.level", "paranoid",
+				"io.netty5.leakDetectionLevel", "paranoid",
+				"io.netty5.leakDetection.targetRecords", "32",
+				"io.netty5.buffer.lifecycleTracingEnabled", "true"
 		));
 		if (project.hasProperty("testGroups")) {
 			test.systemProperty("testGroups", project.getProperties().get("testGroups"));

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/architecture/ArchitectureCheck.java

@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.architecture;
-
-import com.tngtech.archunit.core.domain.JavaClasses;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.core.importer.ClassFileImporter;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.lang.ArchRule;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.lang.EvaluationResult;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
-import java.util.List;
-import org.gradle.api.DefaultTask;
-import org.gradle.api.GradleException;
-import org.gradle.api.Task;
-import org.gradle.api.file.DirectoryProperty;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileCollection;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileTree;
-import org.gradle.api.provider.ListProperty;
-import org.gradle.api.provider.Property;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.IgnoreEmptyDirectories;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Input;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.InputFiles;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Internal;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Optional;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.OutputDirectory;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.PathSensitive;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.PathSensitivity;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SkipWhenEmpty;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskAction;
-
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.allPackagesShouldBeFreeOfTangles;
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.classesShouldNotImportForbiddenTypes;
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.javaClassesShouldNotImportKotlinAnnotations;
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.noClassesShouldCallStringToLowerCaseWithoutLocale;
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.noClassesShouldCallStringToUpperCaseWithoutLocale;
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.packageInfoShouldBeNullMarked;
-
-/**
- * {@link Task} that checks for architecture problems.
- *
- * @author Andy Wilkinson
- * @author Scott Frederick
- */
-public abstract class ArchitectureCheck extends DefaultTask {
-
-	private FileCollection classes;
-
-	public ArchitectureCheck() {
-		getOutputDirectory().convention(getProject().getLayout().getBuildDirectory().dir(getName()));
-		getProhibitObjectsRequireNonNull().convention(true);
-		getRules().addAll(packageInfoShouldBeNullMarked(),
-				classesShouldNotImportForbiddenTypes(),
-				javaClassesShouldNotImportKotlinAnnotations(),
-				allPackagesShouldBeFreeOfTangles(),
-				noClassesShouldCallStringToLowerCaseWithoutLocale(),
-				noClassesShouldCallStringToUpperCaseWithoutLocale());
-		getRuleDescriptions().set(getRules().map((rules) -> rules.stream().map(ArchRule::getDescription).toList()));
-	}
-
-	@TaskAction
-	void checkArchitecture() throws IOException {
-		JavaClasses javaClasses = new ClassFileImporter()
-				.importPaths(this.classes.getFiles().stream().map(File::toPath).toList());
-		List<EvaluationResult> violations = getRules().get()
-				.stream()
-				.map((rule) -> rule.evaluate(javaClasses))
-				.filter(EvaluationResult::hasViolation)
-				.toList();
-		File outputFile = getOutputDirectory().file("failure-report.txt").get().getAsFile();
-		outputFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
-		if (!violations.isEmpty()) {
-			StringBuilder report = new StringBuilder();
-			for (EvaluationResult violation : violations) {
-				report.append(violation.getFailureReport());
-				report.append(String.format("%n"));
-			}
-			Files.writeString(outputFile.toPath(), report.toString(), StandardOpenOption.CREATE,
-					StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
-			throw new GradleException("Architecture check failed. See '" + outputFile + "' for details.");
-		}
-		else {
-			outputFile.createNewFile();
-		}
-	}
-
-	public void setClasses(FileCollection classes) {
-		this.classes = classes;
-	}
-
-	@Internal
-	public FileCollection getClasses() {
-		return this.classes;
-	}
-
-	@InputFiles
-	@SkipWhenEmpty
-	@IgnoreEmptyDirectories
-	@PathSensitive(PathSensitivity.RELATIVE)
-	final FileTree getInputClasses() {
-		return this.classes.getAsFileTree();
-	}
-
-	@Optional
-	@InputFiles
-	@PathSensitive(PathSensitivity.RELATIVE)
-	public abstract DirectoryProperty getResourcesDirectory();
-
-	@OutputDirectory
-	public abstract DirectoryProperty getOutputDirectory();
-
-	@Internal
-	public abstract ListProperty<ArchRule> getRules();
-
-	@Internal
-	public abstract Property<Boolean> getProhibitObjectsRequireNonNull();
-
-	@Input
-	// The rules themselves can't be an input as they aren't serializable so we use
-	// their descriptions instead
-	abstract ListProperty<String> getRuleDescriptions();
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/architecture/ArchitecturePlugin.java

@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.architecture;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.Task;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginExtension;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSet;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskProvider;
-import org.gradle.language.base.plugins.LifecycleBasePlugin;
-
-/**
- * {@link Plugin} for verifying a project's architecture.
- *
- * @author Andy Wilkinson
- */
-public class ArchitecturePlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	@Override
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaPlugin.class, (javaPlugin) -> registerTasks(project));
-	}
-
-	private void registerTasks(Project project) {
-		JavaPluginExtension javaPluginExtension = project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class);
-		List<TaskProvider<ArchitectureCheck>> architectureChecks = new ArrayList<>();
-		for (SourceSet sourceSet : javaPluginExtension.getSourceSets()) {
-			if (sourceSet.getName().contains("test")) {
-				// skip test source sets.
-				continue;
-			}
-			TaskProvider<ArchitectureCheck> checkArchitecture = project.getTasks()
-					.register(taskName(sourceSet), ArchitectureCheck.class,
-							(task) -> {
-								task.setClasses(sourceSet.getOutput().getClassesDirs());
-								task.getResourcesDirectory().set(sourceSet.getOutput().getResourcesDir());
-								task.dependsOn(sourceSet.getProcessResourcesTaskName());
-								task.setDescription("Checks the architecture of the classes of the " + sourceSet.getName()
-										+ " source set.");
-								task.setGroup(LifecycleBasePlugin.VERIFICATION_GROUP);
-							});
-			architectureChecks.add(checkArchitecture);
-		}
-		if (!architectureChecks.isEmpty()) {
-			TaskProvider<Task> checkTask = project.getTasks().named(LifecycleBasePlugin.CHECK_TASK_NAME);
-			checkTask.configure((check) -> check.dependsOn(architectureChecks));
-		}
-	}
-
-	private static String taskName(SourceSet sourceSet) {
-		return "checkArchitecture"
-				+ sourceSet.getName().substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
-				+ sourceSet.getName().substring(1);
-	}
-
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/architecture/ArchitectureRules.java

@@ -1,107 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.architecture;
-
-import com.tngtech.archunit.base.DescribedPredicate;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.core.domain.JavaClass;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.lang.ArchRule;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.lang.syntax.ArchRuleDefinition;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.library.dependencies.SliceAssignment;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.library.dependencies.SliceIdentifier;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.library.dependencies.SlicesRuleDefinition;
-import java.util.List;
-
-abstract class ArchitectureRules {
-
-	static ArchRule allPackagesShouldBeFreeOfTangles() {
-		return SlicesRuleDefinition.slices()
-				.assignedFrom(new SpringSlices()).should().beFreeOfCycles();
-	}
-
-	static ArchRule noClassesShouldCallStringToLowerCaseWithoutLocale() {
-		return ArchRuleDefinition.noClasses()
-				.should()
-				.callMethod(String.class, "toLowerCase")
-				.because("String.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT) should be used instead");
-	}
-
-	static ArchRule noClassesShouldCallStringToUpperCaseWithoutLocale() {
-		return ArchRuleDefinition.noClasses()
-				.should()
-				.callMethod(String.class, "toUpperCase")
-				.because("String.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT) should be used instead");
-	}
-
-	static ArchRule packageInfoShouldBeNullMarked() {
-		return ArchRuleDefinition.classes()
-				.that().haveSimpleName("package-info")
-				.should().beAnnotatedWith("org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked")
-				.allowEmptyShould(true);
-	}
-
-	static ArchRule classesShouldNotImportForbiddenTypes() {
-		return ArchRuleDefinition.noClasses()
-				.should().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.haveFullyQualifiedName("reactor.core.support.Assert")
-				.orShould().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.haveFullyQualifiedName("org.slf4j.LoggerFactory")
-				.orShould().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.haveFullyQualifiedName("org.springframework.lang.NonNull")
-				.orShould().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.haveFullyQualifiedName("org.springframework.lang.Nullable");
-	}
-
-	static ArchRule javaClassesShouldNotImportKotlinAnnotations() {
-		return ArchRuleDefinition.noClasses()
-				.that(new DescribedPredicate<JavaClass>("is not a Kotlin class") {
-						  @Override
-						  public boolean test(JavaClass javaClass) {
-							  return javaClass.getSourceCodeLocation()
-									  .getSourceFileName().endsWith(".java");
-						  }
-					  }
-				)
-				.should().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.resideInAnyPackage("org.jetbrains.annotations..")
-				.allowEmptyShould(true);
-	}
-
-	static class SpringSlices implements SliceAssignment {
-
-		private final List<String> ignoredPackages = List.of("org.springframework.asm",
-				"org.springframework.cglib",
-				"org.springframework.javapoet",
-				"org.springframework.objenesis");
-
-		@Override
-		public SliceIdentifier getIdentifierOf(JavaClass javaClass) {
-
-			String packageName = javaClass.getPackageName();
-			for (String ignoredPackage : ignoredPackages) {
-				if (packageName.startsWith(ignoredPackage)) {
-					return SliceIdentifier.ignore();
-				}
-			}
-			return SliceIdentifier.of("spring framework");
-		}
-
-		@Override
-		public String getDescription() {
-			return "Spring Framework Slices";
-		}
-	}
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/multirelease/MultiReleaseExtension.java

@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.multirelease;
-
-import javax.inject.Inject;
-
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.ConfigurationContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.dsl.DependencyHandler;
-import org.gradle.api.attributes.LibraryElements;
-import org.gradle.api.file.ConfigurableFileCollection;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileCollection;
-import org.gradle.api.java.archives.Attributes;
-import org.gradle.api.model.ObjectFactory;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSet;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSetContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskProvider;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.bundling.Jar;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.JavaCompile;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
-import org.gradle.language.base.plugins.LifecycleBasePlugin;
-
-/**
- * @author Cedric Champeau
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public abstract class MultiReleaseExtension {
-	private final TaskContainer tasks;
-	private final SourceSetContainer sourceSets;
-	private final DependencyHandler dependencies;
-	private final ObjectFactory objects;
-	private final ConfigurationContainer configurations;
-
-	@Inject
-	public MultiReleaseExtension(SourceSetContainer sourceSets,
-								 ConfigurationContainer configurations,
-								 TaskContainer tasks,
-								 DependencyHandler dependencies,
-								 ObjectFactory objectFactory) {
-		this.sourceSets = sourceSets;
-		this.configurations = configurations;
-		this.tasks = tasks;
-		this.dependencies = dependencies;
-		this.objects = objectFactory;
-	}
-
-	public void releaseVersions(int... javaVersions) {
-		releaseVersions("src/main/", "src/test/", javaVersions);
-	}
-
-	private void releaseVersions(String mainSourceDirectory, String testSourceDirectory, int... javaVersions) {
-		for (int javaVersion : javaVersions) {
-			addLanguageVersion(javaVersion, mainSourceDirectory, testSourceDirectory);
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void addLanguageVersion(int javaVersion, String mainSourceDirectory, String testSourceDirectory) {
-		String javaN = "java" + javaVersion;
-
-		SourceSet langSourceSet = sourceSets.create(javaN, srcSet -> srcSet.getJava().srcDir(mainSourceDirectory + javaN));
-		SourceSet testSourceSet = sourceSets.create(javaN + "Test", srcSet -> srcSet.getJava().srcDir(testSourceDirectory + javaN));
-		SourceSet sharedSourceSet = sourceSets.findByName(SourceSet.MAIN_SOURCE_SET_NAME);
-		SourceSet sharedTestSourceSet = sourceSets.findByName(SourceSet.TEST_SOURCE_SET_NAME);
-
-		FileCollection mainClasses = objects.fileCollection().from(sourceSets.getByName(SourceSet.MAIN_SOURCE_SET_NAME).getOutput().getClassesDirs());
-		dependencies.add(javaN + "Implementation", mainClasses);
-
-		tasks.named(langSourceSet.getCompileJavaTaskName(), JavaCompile.class, task ->
-				task.getOptions().getRelease().set(javaVersion)
-		);
-		tasks.named(testSourceSet.getCompileJavaTaskName(), JavaCompile.class, task ->
-				task.getOptions().getRelease().set(javaVersion)
-		);
-
-		TaskProvider<Test> testTask = createTestTask(javaVersion, testSourceSet, sharedTestSourceSet, langSourceSet, sharedSourceSet);
-		tasks.named("check", task -> task.dependsOn(testTask));
-
-		configureMultiReleaseJar(javaVersion, langSourceSet);
-	}
-
-	private TaskProvider<Test> createTestTask(int javaVersion, SourceSet testSourceSet, SourceSet sharedTestSourceSet, SourceSet langSourceSet, SourceSet sharedSourceSet) {
-		Configuration testImplementation = configurations.getByName(testSourceSet.getImplementationConfigurationName());
-		testImplementation.extendsFrom(configurations.getByName(sharedTestSourceSet.getImplementationConfigurationName()));
-		Configuration testCompileOnly = configurations.getByName(testSourceSet.getCompileOnlyConfigurationName());
-		testCompileOnly.extendsFrom(configurations.getByName(sharedTestSourceSet.getCompileOnlyConfigurationName()));
-		testCompileOnly.getDependencies().add(dependencies.create(langSourceSet.getOutput().getClassesDirs()));
-		testCompileOnly.getDependencies().add(dependencies.create(sharedSourceSet.getOutput().getClassesDirs()));
-
-		Configuration testRuntimeClasspath = configurations.getByName(testSourceSet.getRuntimeClasspathConfigurationName());
-		// so here's the deal. MRjars are JARs! Which means that to execute tests, we need
-		// the JAR on classpath, not just classes + resources as Gradle usually does
-		testRuntimeClasspath.getAttributes()
-				.attribute(LibraryElements.LIBRARY_ELEMENTS_ATTRIBUTE, objects.named(LibraryElements.class, LibraryElements.JAR));
-
-		TaskProvider<Test> testTask = tasks.register("java" + javaVersion + "Test", Test.class, test -> {
-			test.setGroup(LifecycleBasePlugin.VERIFICATION_GROUP);
-
-			ConfigurableFileCollection testClassesDirs = objects.fileCollection();
-			testClassesDirs.from(testSourceSet.getOutput());
-			testClassesDirs.from(sharedTestSourceSet.getOutput());
-			test.setTestClassesDirs(testClassesDirs);
-			ConfigurableFileCollection classpath = objects.fileCollection();
-			// must put the MRJar first on classpath
-			classpath.from(tasks.named("jar"));
-			// then we put the specific test sourceset tests, so that we can override
-			// the shared versions
-			classpath.from(testSourceSet.getOutput());
-
-			// then we add the shared tests
-			classpath.from(sharedTestSourceSet.getRuntimeClasspath());
-			test.setClasspath(classpath);
-		});
-		return testTask;
-	}
-
-	private void configureMultiReleaseJar(int version, SourceSet languageSourceSet) {
-		tasks.named("jar", Jar.class, jar -> {
-			jar.into("META-INF/versions/" + version, s -> s.from(languageSourceSet.getOutput()));
-			Attributes attributes = jar.getManifest().getAttributes();
-			attributes.put("Multi-Release", "true");
-		});
-	}
-
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/multirelease/MultiReleaseJarPlugin.java

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.multirelease;
-
-import javax.inject.Inject;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.ConfigurationContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.dsl.DependencyHandler;
-import org.gradle.api.model.ObjectFactory;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.ExtensionContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginExtension;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskContainer;
-import org.gradle.jvm.toolchain.JavaToolchainService;
-
-/**
- * A plugin which adds support for building multi-release jars
- * with Gradle.
- * @author Cedric Champeau
- * @author Brian Clozel
- * @see <a href="https://github.com/melix/mrjar-gradle-plugin">original project</a>
- */
-public class MultiReleaseJarPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	@Inject
-	protected JavaToolchainService getToolchains() {
-		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
-	}
-
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().apply(JavaPlugin.class);
-		ExtensionContainer extensions = project.getExtensions();
-		JavaPluginExtension javaPluginExtension = extensions.getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class);
-		ConfigurationContainer configurations = project.getConfigurations();
-		TaskContainer tasks = project.getTasks();
-		DependencyHandler dependencies = project.getDependencies();
-		ObjectFactory objects = project.getObjects();
-		extensions.create("multiRelease", MultiReleaseExtension.class,
-				javaPluginExtension.getSourceSets(),
-				configurations,
-				tasks,
-				dependencies,
-				objects);
-	}
-}

buildSrc/src/test/java/org/springframework/build/multirelease/MultiReleaseJarPluginTests.java

@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2025 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.multirelease;
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.FileWriter;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.util.jar.Attributes;
-import java.util.jar.JarFile;
-import org.gradle.testkit.runner.BuildResult;
-import org.gradle.testkit.runner.GradleRunner;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
-
-/**
- * Tests for {@link MultiReleaseJarPlugin}
- */
-public class MultiReleaseJarPluginTests {
-
-	private File projectDir;
-
-	private File buildFile;
-
-	@BeforeEach
-	void setup(@TempDir File projectDir) {
-		this.projectDir = projectDir;
-		this.buildFile = new File(this.projectDir, "build.gradle");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void configureSourceSets() throws IOException {
-		writeBuildFile("""
-				plugins {
-					id 'java'
-					id 'org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar'
-				}
-				multiRelease { releaseVersions 21, 24 }
-				task printSourceSets {
-					doLast {
-						sourceSets.all { println it.name }
-					}
-				}
-				""");
-		BuildResult buildResult = runGradle("printSourceSets");
-		assertThat(buildResult.getOutput()).contains("main", "test", "java21", "java21Test", "java24", "java24Test");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void configureToolchainReleaseVersion() throws IOException {
-		writeBuildFile("""
-				plugins {
-					id 'java'
-					id 'org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar'
-				}
-				multiRelease { releaseVersions 21 }
-				task printReleaseVersion {
-					doLast {
-						tasks.all { println it.name }
-						tasks.named("compileJava21Java") {
-							println "compileJava21Java releaseVersion: ${it.options.release.get()}"
-						}
-						tasks.named("compileJava21TestJava") {
-							println "compileJava21TestJava releaseVersion: ${it.options.release.get()}"
-						}
-					}
-				}
-				""");
-
-		BuildResult buildResult = runGradle("printReleaseVersion");
-		assertThat(buildResult.getOutput()).contains("compileJava21Java releaseVersion: 21")
-				.contains("compileJava21TestJava releaseVersion: 21");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void packageInJar() throws IOException {
-		writeBuildFile("""
-				plugins {
-					id 'java'
-					id 'org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar'
-				}
-				version = '1.2.3'
-				multiRelease { releaseVersions 17 }
-				""");
-		writeClass("src/main/java17", "Main.java", """
-				public class Main {}
-				""");
-		BuildResult buildResult = runGradle("assemble");
-		File file = new File(this.projectDir, "/build/libs/" + this.projectDir.getName() + "-1.2.3.jar");
-		assertThat(file).exists();
-		try (JarFile jar = new JarFile(file)) {
-			Attributes mainAttributes = jar.getManifest().getMainAttributes();
-			assertThat(mainAttributes.getValue("Multi-Release")).isEqualTo("true");
-
-			assertThat(jar.entries().asIterator()).toIterable()
-					.anyMatch(entry -> entry.getName().equals("META-INF/versions/17/Main.class"));
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void writeBuildFile(String buildContent) throws IOException {
-		try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(this.buildFile))) {
-			out.print(buildContent);
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void writeClass(String path, String fileName, String fileContent) throws IOException {
-		Path folder = this.projectDir.toPath().resolve(path);
-		Files.createDirectories(folder);
-		Path filePath = folder.resolve(fileName);
-		Files.createFile(filePath);
-		Files.writeString(filePath, fileContent);
-	}
-
-	private BuildResult runGradle(String... args) {
-		return GradleRunner.create().withProjectDir(this.projectDir).withArguments(args).withPluginClasspath().build();
-	}
-
-}

framework-api/framework-api.gradle

@@ -31,13 +31,8 @@ javadoc {
 		destinationDir = project.java.docsDir.dir("javadoc-api").get().asFile
 		splitIndex = true
 		links(rootProject.ext.javadocLinks)
-		// Check for 'syntax' and 'reference' during linting.
-		addBooleanOption('Xdoclint:syntax,reference', true)
-		// Change modularity mismatch from warn to info.
-		// See https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/27497
-		addStringOption("-link-modularity-mismatch", "info")
-		// Fail build on Javadoc warnings.
-		addBooleanOption('Werror', true)
+		addBooleanOption('Xdoclint:syntax,reference', true) // only check syntax and reference with doclint
+		addBooleanOption('Werror', true) // fail build on Javadoc warnings
 	}
 	maxMemory = "1024m"
 	doFirst {

framework-docs/framework-docs.gradle

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompilationTask
-
 plugins {
 	id 'kotlin'
 	id 'io.spring.antora.generate-antora-yml' version '0.0.1'
@@ -43,40 +41,34 @@ repositories {
 	}
 }
 
-// To avoid a redeclaration error with Kotlin compiler
-tasks.named('compileKotlin', KotlinCompilationTask.class) {
-	javaSources.from = []
-}
-
 dependencies {
-	implementation(project(":spring-aspects"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-context"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-context-support"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-jdbc"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-jms"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-test"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-web"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-webflux"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-webmvc"))
-	implementation(project(":spring-websocket"))
+	api(project(":spring-aspects"))
+	api(project(":spring-context"))
+	api(project(":spring-context-support"))
+	api(project(":spring-jdbc"))
+	api(project(":spring-jms"))
+	api(project(":spring-test"))
+	api(project(":spring-web"))
+	api(project(":spring-webflux"))
+	api(project(":spring-webmvc"))
+	api(project(":spring-websocket"))
 
-	implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
-	implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names")
-	implementation("com.mchange:c3p0:0.9.5.5")
-	implementation("com.oracle.database.jdbc:ojdbc11")
-	implementation("io.projectreactor.netty:reactor-netty-http")
-	implementation("jakarta.jms:jakarta.jms-api")
-	implementation("jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api")
-	implementation("jakarta.resource:jakarta.resource-api")
-	implementation("jakarta.validation:jakarta.validation-api")
-	implementation("jakarta.websocket:jakarta.websocket-client-api")
-	implementation("javax.cache:cache-api")
-	implementation("org.apache.activemq:activemq-ra:6.1.2")
-	implementation("org.apache.commons:commons-dbcp2:2.11.0")
-	implementation("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver")
+	api("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
+	api("com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names")
+	api("com.mchange:c3p0:0.9.5.5")
+	api("com.oracle.database.jdbc:ojdbc11")
+	api("io.projectreactor.netty:reactor-netty-http")
+	api("jakarta.jms:jakarta.jms-api")
+	api("jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api")
+	api("jakarta.resource:jakarta.resource-api")
+	api("jakarta.validation:jakarta.validation-api")
+	api("javax.cache:cache-api")
+	api("org.apache.activemq:activemq-ra:6.1.2")
+	api("org.apache.commons:commons-dbcp2:2.11.0")
+	api("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver")
+	api("org.eclipse.jetty.websocket:jetty-websocket-jetty-api")
+	api("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib")
+
+	implementation(project(":spring-core-test"))
 	implementation("org.assertj:assertj-core")
-	implementation("org.eclipse.jetty.websocket:jetty-websocket-jetty-api")
-	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib")
-	implementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api")
 }

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/nav.adoc

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 **** xref:core/beans/java/bean-annotation.adoc[]
 **** xref:core/beans/java/configuration-annotation.adoc[]
 **** xref:core/beans/java/composing-configuration-classes.adoc[]
-**** xref:core/beans/java/programmatic-bean-registration.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/beans/environment.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/beans/context-load-time-weaver.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/beans/context-introduction.adoc[]
@@ -102,6 +101,7 @@
 *** xref:core/aop-api/extensibility.adoc[]
 ** xref:core/null-safety.adoc[]
 ** xref:core/databuffer-codec.adoc[]
+** xref:core/spring-jcl.adoc[]
 ** xref:core/aot.adoc[]
 ** xref:core/appendix.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc[]
@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/exceptionhandlers.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/viewresolver.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/localeresolver.adoc[]
+**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/themeresolver.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/multipart.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/logging.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webmvc/filters.adoc[]
@@ -432,8 +433,8 @@
 *** xref:integration/cache/plug.adoc[]
 *** xref:integration/cache/specific-config.adoc[]
 ** xref:integration/observability.adoc[]
-** xref:integration/aot-cache.adoc[]
 ** xref:integration/checkpoint-restore.adoc[]
+** xref:integration/cds.adoc[]
 ** xref:integration/appendix.adoc[]
 * xref:languages.adoc[]
 ** xref:languages/kotlin.adoc[]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/appendix.adoc

@@ -92,12 +92,6 @@ the repeated JNDI lookup overhead. See
 {spring-framework-api}++/jndi/JndiLocatorDelegate.html#IGNORE_JNDI_PROPERTY_NAME++[`JndiLocatorDelegate`]
 for details.
 
-| `spring.locking.strict`
-| Instructs Spring to enforce strict locking during bean creation, rather than the mix of
-strict and lenient locking that 6.2 applies by default. See
-{spring-framework-api}++/beans/factory/support/DefaultListableBeanFactory.html#STRICT_LOCKING_PROPERTY_NAME++[`DefaultListableBeanFactory`]
-for details.
-
 | `spring.objenesis.ignore`
 | Instructs Spring to ignore Objenesis, not even attempting to use it. See
 {spring-framework-api}++/objenesis/SpringObjenesis.html#IGNORE_OBJENESIS_PROPERTY_NAME++[`SpringObjenesis`]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/aot.adoc

@@ -469,20 +469,20 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(ClientFactoryBean.class);
-	beanDefinition.setTargetType(ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(ClientFactoryBean.class, MyClient.class));
-	// ...
-	registry.registerBeanDefinition("myClient", beanDefinition);
+    RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(ClientFactoryBean.class);
+    beanDefinition.setTargetType(ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(ClientFactoryBean.class, MyClient.class));
+    // ...
+    registry.registerBeanDefinition("myClient", beanDefinition);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val beanDefinition = RootBeanDefinition(ClientFactoryBean::class.java)
-	beanDefinition.setTargetType(ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(ClientFactoryBean::class.java, MyClient::class.java));
-	// ...
-	registry.registerBeanDefinition("myClient", beanDefinition)
+    val beanDefinition = RootBeanDefinition(ClientFactoryBean::class.java)
+    beanDefinition.setTargetType(ResolvableType.forClassWithGenerics(ClientFactoryBean::class.java, MyClient::class.java));
+    // ...
+    registry.registerBeanDefinition("myClient", beanDefinition)
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/annotation-config/value-annotations.adoc

@@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	@Component
-	public class MovieRecommender {
+    @Component
+    public class MovieRecommender {
 
-		private final String catalog;
+        private final String catalog;
 
-		public MovieRecommender(@Value("${catalog.name}") String catalog) {
-			this.catalog = catalog;
-		}
-	}
+        public MovieRecommender(@Value("${catalog.name}") String catalog) {
+            this.catalog = catalog;
+        }
+    }
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	@Configuration
-	@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
-	public class AppConfig { }
+    @Configuration
+    @PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
+    public class AppConfig { }
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ And the following `application.properties` file:
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	catalog.name=MovieCatalog
+    catalog.name=MovieCatalog
 ----
 
 In that case, the `catalog` parameter and field will be equal to the `MovieCatalog` value.
@@ -119,15 +119,15 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	@Component
-	public class MovieRecommender {
+    @Component
+    public class MovieRecommender {
 
-		private final String catalog;
+        private final String catalog;
 
-		public MovieRecommender(@Value("${catalog.name:defaultCatalog}") String catalog) {
-			this.catalog = catalog;
-		}
-	}
+        public MovieRecommender(@Value("${catalog.name:defaultCatalog}") String catalog) {
+            this.catalog = catalog;
+        }
+    }
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -150,16 +150,16 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	@Configuration
-	public class AppConfig {
+    @Configuration
+    public class AppConfig {
 
-		@Bean
-		public ConversionService conversionService() {
-			DefaultFormattingConversionService conversionService = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
-			conversionService.addConverter(new MyCustomConverter());
-			return conversionService;
-		}
-	}
+        @Bean
+        public ConversionService conversionService() {
+            DefaultFormattingConversionService conversionService = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
+            conversionService.addConverter(new MyCustomConverter());
+            return conversionService;
+        }
+    }
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -188,15 +188,15 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	@Component
-	public class MovieRecommender {
+    @Component
+    public class MovieRecommender {
 
-		private final String catalog;
+        private final String catalog;
 
-		public MovieRecommender(@Value("#{systemProperties['user.catalog'] + 'Catalog' }") String catalog) {
-			this.catalog = catalog;
-		}
-	}
+        public MovieRecommender(@Value("#{systemProperties['user.catalog'] + 'Catalog' }") String catalog) {
+            this.catalog = catalog;
+        }
+    }
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -217,16 +217,16 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	@Component
-	public class MovieRecommender {
+    @Component
+    public class MovieRecommender {
 
-		private final Map<String, Integer> countOfMoviesPerCatalog;
+        private final Map<String, Integer> countOfMoviesPerCatalog;
 
-		public MovieRecommender(
-				@Value("#{{'Thriller': 100, 'Comedy': 300}}") Map<String, Integer> countOfMoviesPerCatalog) {
-			this.countOfMoviesPerCatalog = countOfMoviesPerCatalog;
-		}
-	}
+        public MovieRecommender(
+                @Value("#{{'Thriller': 100, 'Comedy': 300}}") Map<String, Integer> countOfMoviesPerCatalog) {
+            this.countOfMoviesPerCatalog = countOfMoviesPerCatalog;
+        }
+    }
 ----
 
 Kotlin::

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/basics.adoc

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val context = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("services.xml", "daos.xml")
+    val context = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("services.xml", "daos.xml")
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -206,17 +206,18 @@ another file or files. The following example shows how to do so:
 	<beans>
 		<import resource="services.xml"/>
 		<import resource="resources/messageSource.xml"/>
+		<import resource="/resources/themeSource.xml"/>
 
 		<bean id="bean1" class="..."/>
 		<bean id="bean2" class="..."/>
 	</beans>
 ----
 
-In the preceding example, external bean definitions are loaded from the files
-`services.xml` and `messageSource.xml`. All location paths are
+In the preceding example, external bean definitions are loaded from three files:
+`services.xml`, `messageSource.xml`, and `themeSource.xml`. All location paths are
 relative to the definition file doing the importing, so `services.xml` must be in the
 same directory or classpath location as the file doing the importing, while
-`messageSource.xml` must be in a `resources` location below the
+`messageSource.xml` and `themeSource.xml` must be in a `resources` location below the
 location of the importing file. As you can see, a leading slash is ignored. However, given
 that these paths are relative, it is better form not to use the slash at all. The
 contents of the files being imported, including the top level `<beans/>` element, must
@@ -309,16 +310,16 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
+    import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
 
 	// create and configure beans
-	val context = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("services.xml", "daos.xml")
+    val context = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("services.xml", "daos.xml")
 
-	// retrieve configured instance
-	val service = context.getBean<PetStoreService>("petStore")
+    // retrieve configured instance
+    val service = context.getBean<PetStoreService>("petStore")
 
-	// use configured instance
-	var userList = service.getUsernameList()
+    // use configured instance
+    var userList = service.getUsernameList()
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/classpath-scanning.adoc

@@ -674,7 +674,9 @@ By default, the `AnnotationBeanNameGenerator` is used. For Spring
 xref:core/beans/classpath-scanning.adoc#beans-stereotype-annotations[stereotype annotations],
 if you supply a name via the annotation's `value` attribute that name will be used as
 the name in the corresponding bean definition. This convention also applies when the
-`@jakarta.inject.Named` annotation is used instead of Spring stereotype annotations.
+following JSR-250 and JSR-330 annotations are used instead of Spring stereotype
+annotations: `@jakarta.annotation.ManagedBean`, `@javax.annotation.ManagedBean`,
+`@jakarta.inject.Named`, and `@javax.inject.Named`.
 
 As of Spring Framework 6.1, the name of the annotation attribute that is used to specify
 the bean name is no longer required to be `value`. Custom stereotype annotations can

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/context-introduction.adoc

@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ the classes above:
 		<property name="notificationAddress" value="blockedlist@example.org"/>
 	</bean>
 
-	<!-- optional: a custom ApplicationEventMulticaster definition -->
+    <!-- optional: a custom ApplicationEventMulticaster definition -->
 	<bean id="applicationEventMulticaster" class="org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster">
 		<property name="taskExecutor" ref="..."/>
 		<property name="errorHandler" ref="..."/>

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/factory-extension.adoc

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
+    import org.springframework.beans.factory.getBean
 
 	fun main() {
 		val ctx = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("scripting/beans.xml")

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/java/programmatic-bean-registration.adoc

@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-[[beans-java-programmatic-registration]]
-= Programmatic Bean Registration
-
-As of Spring Framework 7, a first-class support for programmatic bean registration is
-provided via the {spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/BeanRegistrar.html[`BeanRegistrar`]
-interface that can be implemented to register beans programmatically in a flexible and
-efficient way.
-
-Those bean registrar implementations are typically imported with an `@Import` annotation
-on `@Configuration` classes.
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-     @Configuration
-     @Import(MyBeanRegistrar.class)
-     class MyConfiguration {
-     }
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    @Configuration
-    @Import(MyBeanRegistrar::class)
-    class MyConfiguration {
-    }
-----
-======
-
-NOTE: You can leverage type-level conditional annotations ({spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/Conditional.html[`@Conditional`],
-but also other variants) to conditionally import the related bean registrars.
-
-The bean registrar implementation uses {spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/BeanRegistry.html[`BeanRegistry`] and
-{spring-framework-api}/core/env/Environment.html[`Environment`] APIs to register beans programmatically in a concise
-and flexible way. For example, it allows custom registration through an `if` expression, a
-`for` loop, etc.
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    class MyBeanRegistrar implements BeanRegistrar {
-
-        @Override
-        public void register(BeanRegistry registry, Environment env) {
-            registry.registerBean("foo", Foo.class);
-            registry.registerBean("bar", Bar.class, spec -> spec
-                    .prototype()
-                    .lazyInit()
-                    .description("Custom description")
-                    .supplier(context -> new Bar(context.bean(Foo.class))));
-            if (env.matchesProfiles("baz")) {
-                registry.registerBean(Baz.class, spec -> spec
-                        .supplier(context -> new Baz("Hello World!")));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    class MyBeanRegistrar : BeanRegistrarDsl({
-        registerBean<Foo>()
-        registerBean(
-            name = "bar",
-            prototype = true,
-            lazyInit = true,
-            description = "Custom description") {
-                Bar(bean<Foo>())
-        }
-        profile("baz") {
-            registerBean { Baz("Hello World!") }
-        }
-    })
-----
-======
-
-NOTE: Bean registrars are supported with xref:core/aot.adoc[Ahead of Time Optimizations],
-either on the JVM or with GraalVM native images, including when instance suppliers are used.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/expressions/language-ref/operator-elvis.adoc

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 [[expressions-operator-elvis]]
 = The Elvis Operator
 
-The Elvis operator (`?:`) is a shortening of the ternary operator syntax and is used in
-the https://www.groovy-lang.org/operators.html#_elvis_operator[Groovy] language. With the
-ternary operator syntax, you often have to repeat a variable twice, as the following Java
-example shows:
+The Elvis operator is a shortening of the ternary operator syntax and is used in the
+https://www.groovy-lang.org/operators.html#_elvis_operator[Groovy] language.
+With the ternary operator syntax, you usually have to repeat a variable twice, as the
+following example shows:
 
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	String name = "Elvis Presley";
 	String displayName = (name != null ? name : "Unknown");
 ----
 
 Instead, you can use the Elvis operator (named for the resemblance to Elvis' hair style).
-The following example shows how to use the Elvis operator in a SpEL expression:
+The following example shows how to use the Elvis operator:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser();
 
-	String name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Unknown'").getValue(new Inventor(), String.class);
+	String name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Unknown'").getValue(new Inventor(), String.class);
 	System.out.println(name);  // 'Unknown'
 ----
 
@@ -33,29 +33,14 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 	val parser = SpelExpressionParser()
 
-	val name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Unknown'").getValue(Inventor(), String::class.java)
+	val name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Unknown'").getValue(Inventor(), String::class.java)
 	println(name)  // 'Unknown'
 ----
 ======
 
-[NOTE]
-====
-The SpEL Elvis operator also treats an _empty_ String like a `null` object. Thus, the
-original Java example is only close to emulating the semantics of the operator: it would
-need to use `name != null && !name.isEmpty()` as the predicate to be compatible with the
-semantics of the SpEL Elvis operator.
-====
-
-[TIP]
-====
-As of Spring Framework 7.0, the SpEL Elvis operator supports `java.util.Optional` with
-transparent unwrapping semantics.
-
-For example, given the expression `A ?: B`, if `A` is `null` or an _empty_ `Optional`,
-the expression evaluates to `B`. However, if `A` is a non-empty `Optional` the expression
-evaluates to the object contained in the `Optional`, thereby effectively unwrapping the
-`Optional` which correlates to `A.get()`.
-====
+NOTE: The SpEL Elvis operator also checks for _empty_ Strings in addition to `null` objects.
+The original snippet is thus only close to emulating the semantics of the operator (it would need an
+additional `!name.isEmpty()` check).
 
 The following listing shows a more complex example:
 
@@ -69,11 +54,11 @@ Java::
 	EvaluationContext context = SimpleEvaluationContext.forReadOnlyDataBinding().build();
 
 	Inventor tesla = new Inventor("Nikola Tesla", "Serbian");
-	String name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String.class);
+	String name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String.class);
 	System.out.println(name);  // Nikola Tesla
 
 	tesla.setName("");
-	name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String.class);
+	name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String.class);
 	System.out.println(name);  // Elvis Presley
 ----
 
@@ -85,16 +70,16 @@ Kotlin::
 	val context = SimpleEvaluationContext.forReadOnlyDataBinding().build()
 
 	val tesla = Inventor("Nikola Tesla", "Serbian")
-	var name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String::class.java)
+	var name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String::class.java)
 	println(name)  // Nikola Tesla
 
 	tesla.setName("")
-	name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String::class.java)
+	name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String::class.java)
 	println(name)  // Elvis Presley
 ----
 ======
 
-[TIP]
+[NOTE]
 =====
 You can use the Elvis operator to apply default values in expressions. The following
 example shows how to use the Elvis operator in a `@Value` expression:
@@ -104,6 +89,7 @@ example shows how to use the Elvis operator in a `@Value` expression:
 	@Value("#{systemProperties['pop3.port'] ?: 25}")
 ----
 
-This will inject the value of the system property named `pop3.port` if it is defined or
-`25` if the property is not defined.
+This will inject a system property `pop3.port` if it is defined or 25 if not.
 =====
+
+

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/expressions/language-ref/operator-safe-navigation.adoc

@@ -252,6 +252,7 @@ Kotlin::
 <1> Use "null-safe select first" operator on potentially null `members` list
 ======
 
+
 The following example shows how to use the "null-safe select last" operator for
 collections (`?.$`).
 
@@ -350,50 +351,6 @@ Kotlin::
 <2> Use null-safe projection operator on null `members` list
 ======
 
-[[expressions-operator-safe-navigation-optional]]
-== Null-safe Operations on `Optional`
-
-As of Spring Framework 7.0, null-safe operations are supported on instances of
-`java.util.Optional` with transparent unwrapping semantics.
-
-Specifically, when a null-safe operator is applied to an _empty_ `Optional`, it will be
-treated as if the `Optional` were `null`, and the subsequent operation will evaluate to
-`null`. However, if a null-safe operator is applied to a non-empty `Optional`, the
-subsequent operation will be applied to the object contained in the `Optional`, thereby
-effectively unwrapping the `Optional`.
-
-For example, if `user` is of type `Optional<User>`, the expression `user?.name` will
-evaluate to `null` if `user` is either `null` or an _empty_ `Optional` and will otherwise
-evaluate to the `name` of the `user`, effectively `user.get().getName()` or
-`user.get().name` for property or field access, respectively.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-Invocations of methods defined in the `Optional` API are still supported on an _empty_
-`Optional`. For example, if `name` is of type `Optional<String>`, the expression
-`name?.orElse('Unknown')` will evaluate to `"Unknown"` if `name` is an empty `Optional`
-and will otherwise evaluate to the `String` contained in the `Optional` if `name` is a
-non-empty `Optional`, effectively `name.get()`.
-====
-
-// NOTE: &#8288; is the Unicode Character 'WORD JOINER', which prevents undesired line wraps.
-
-Similarly, if `names` is of type `Optional<List<String>>`, the expression
-`names?.?&#8288;[#this.length > 5]` will evaluate to `null` if `names` is `null` or an _empty_
-`Optional` and will otherwise evaluate to a sequence containing the names whose lengths
-are greater than 5, effectively
-`names.get().stream().filter(s -> s.length() > 5).toList()`.
-
-The same semantics apply to all of the null-safe operators mentioned previously in this
-chapter.
-
-For further details and examples, consult the javadoc for the following operators.
-
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/PropertyOrFieldReference.html[`PropertyOrFieldReference`]
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/MethodReference.html[`MethodReference`]
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/Indexer.html[`Indexer`]
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/Selection.html[`Selection`]
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/Projection.html[`Projection`]
 
 [[expressions-operator-safe-navigation-compound-expressions]]
 == Null-safe Operations in Compound Expressions

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/null-safety.adoc

@@ -1,184 +1,57 @@
 [[null-safety]]
 = Null-safety
 
-Although Java does not let you express null-safety with its type system, the Spring Framework codebase is annotated with
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/start-here/[JSpecify] annotations to declare the nullness of APIs, fields and related type
-usages. Reading the https://jspecify.dev/docs/user-guide/[JSpecify user guide] is highly recommended in order to get
-familiar with those annotations and semantics.
+Although Java does not let you express null-safety with its type system, the Spring Framework
+provides the following annotations in the `org.springframework.lang` package to let you
+declare nullability of APIs and fields:
 
-The primary goal of this explicit null-safety arrangement is to prevent `NullPointerException` to be thrown at runtime via
-build time checks and to turn explicit nullness into a way to express the possible absence of value. It is useful in
-both Java by leveraging some tooling (https://github.com/uber/NullAway[NullAway] or IDEs supporting null-safety
-annotations such as IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse) and Kotlin where JSpecify annotations are automatically translated to
-{kotlin-docs}/null-safety.html[Kotlin's null safety].
+* {spring-framework-api}/lang/Nullable.html[`@Nullable`]: Annotation to indicate that a
+specific parameter, return value, or field can be `null`.
+* {spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNull.html[`@NonNull`]: Annotation to indicate that a specific
+parameter, return value, or field cannot be `null` (not needed on parameters, return values,
+and fields where `@NonNullApi` and `@NonNullFields` apply, respectively).
+* {spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNullApi.html[`@NonNullApi`]: Annotation at the package level
+that declares non-null as the default semantics for parameters and return values.
+* {spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNullFields.html[`@NonNullFields`]: Annotation at the package
+level that declares non-null as the default semantics for fields.
 
-The {spring-framework-api}/core/Nullness.html[`Nullness` Spring API] can be used at runtime to detect the nullness of a
-type usage, a field, a method return type or a parameter. It provides full support for JSpecify annotations,
-Kotlin null safety, Java primitive types, as well as a pragmatic check on any `@Nullable` annotation (regardless of the
-package).
+The Spring Framework itself leverages these annotations, but they can also be used in any
+Spring-based Java project to declare null-safe APIs and optionally null-safe fields.
+Nullability declarations for generic type arguments, varargs, and array elements are not supported yet.
+Nullability declarations are expected to be fine-tuned between Spring Framework releases,
+including minor ones. Nullability of types used inside method bodies is outside the
+scope of this feature.
 
-[[null-safety-libraries]]
-== Annotating libraries with JSpecify annotations
-
-As of Spring Framework 7, the Spring Framework codebase leverages JSpecify annotations to expose null-safe APIs and
-to check the consistency of those null-safety declarations with https://github.com/uber/NullAway[NullAway] as part of
-its build. It is recommended for each library depending on Spring Framework (Spring portfolio projects), as
-well as other libraries related to the Spring ecosystem (Reactor, Micrometer and Spring community projects), to do the
-same.
-
-[[null-safety-applications]]
-== Leveraging JSpecify annotations in Spring applications
-
-Developing applications with IDEs supporting null-safety annotations, such as IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse, will provide
-warnings in Java and errors in Kotlin when the null-safety contracts are not honored, allowing Spring application
-developers to refine their null handling to prevent `NullPointerException` to be thrown at runtime.
-
-Optionally, Spring application developers can annotate their codebase and use https://github.com/uber/NullAway[NullAway]
-to enforce null-safety during build time at application level.
-
-[[null-safety-guidelines]]
-== Guidelines
-
-The purpose of this section is to share some guidelines proposed for specifying explicitly the nullness of Spring-related
-libraries or applications.
+NOTE: Other common libraries such as Reactor and Spring Data provide null-safe APIs that
+use a similar nullability arrangement, delivering a consistent overall experience for
+Spring application developers.
 
 
-[[null-safety-guidelines-jpecify]]
-=== JSpecify
-
-The key points to understand is that by default, the nullness of types is unknown in Java, and that non-null type
-usages are by far more frequent than nullable ones. In order to keep codebases readable, we typically want to define
-that by default, type usages are non-null unless marked as nullable for a specific scope. This is exactly the purpose of
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/org/jspecify/annotations/NullMarked.html[`@NullMarked`] that is typically set with Spring
-at package level via a `package-info.java` file, for example:
-
-[source,java,subs="verbatim,quotes",chomp="-packages",fold="none"]
-----
-@NullMarked
-package org.springframework.core;
-
-import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
-----
-
-In the various Java files belonging to the package, nullable type usages are defined explicitly with
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/org/jspecify/annotations/Nullable.html[`@Nullable`]. It is recommended that this
-annotation is specified just before the related type.
-
-For example, for a field:
-
-[source,java,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-private @Nullable String fileEncoding;
-----
-
-Or for method parameters and return value:
-
-[source,java,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-public static @Nullable String buildMessage(@Nullable String message,
-                                            @Nullable Throwable cause) {
-    // ...
-}
-----
-
-When overriding a method, nullness annotations are not inherited from the superclass method. That means those
-nullness annotations should be repeated if you just want to override the implementation and keep the same API
-nullness.
-
-With arrays and varargs, you need to be able to differentiate the nullness of the elements from the nullness of
-the array itself. Pay attention to the syntax
-https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/jls-9.html#jls-9.7.4[defined by the Java specification] which may be
-initially surprising:
-
-- `@Nullable Object[] array` means individual elements can be null but the array itself can't.
-- `Object @Nullable [] array` means individual elements can't be null but the array itself can.
-- `@Nullable Object @Nullable [] array` means both individual elements and the array can be null.
-
-The Java specifications also enforces that annotations defined with `@Target(ElementType.TYPE_USE)` like JSpecify
-`@Nullable` should be specified after the last `.` with inner or fully qualified types:
-
- - `Cache.@Nullable ValueWrapper`
- - `jakarta.validation.@Nullable Validator`
-
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/org/jspecify/annotations/NonNull.html[`@NonNull`] and
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/org/jspecify/annotations/NullUnmarked.html[`@NullUnmarked`] should rarely be needed for
-typical use cases.
-
-[[null-safety-guidelines-nullaway]]
-=== NullAway
-
-==== Configuration
-
-The recommended configuration is:
-
- - `NullAway:OnlyNullMarked=true` in order to perform nullness checks only for packages annotated with `@NullMarked`.
- - `NullAway:CustomContractAnnotations=org.springframework.lang.Contract` which makes NullAway aware of the
-{spring-framework-api}/lang/Contract.html[@Contract] annotation in the `org.springframework.lang` package which
-can be used to express complementary semantics to avoid non-relevant null-safety warnings in your codebase.
-
-A good example of `@Contract` benefits is
-{spring-framework-api}/util/Assert.html#notNull(java.lang.Object,java.lang.String)[`Assert#notnull`] which is annotated
-with `@Contract("null, _ -> fail")`. With the configuration above, NullAway will understand that after a successful
-invocation, the value passed as a parameter is not null.
-
-Optionally, it is possible to set `NullAway:JSpecifyMode=true` to enable
-https://github.com/uber/NullAway/wiki/JSpecify-Support[checks on the full JSpecify semantics], including annotations on
-generic types. Be aware that this mode is
-https://github.com/uber/NullAway/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3Ajspecify[still under development] and requires
-using JDK 22 or later (typically combined with the `--release` Java compiler flag to configure the
-expected baseline). It is recommended to enable the JSpecify mode only as a second step, after making sure the codebase
-generates no warning with the recommended configuration mentioned above.
-
-==== Warnings suppression
-
-There are a few valid use cases where NullAway will wrongly detect nullness problems. In such case, it is recommended
-to suppress related warnings and to document the reason:
-
- - `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway.Init")` at field, constructor or class level can be used to avoid unnecessary warnings
-due to the lazy initialization of fields, for example due to a class implementing
-{spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/InitializingBean.html[`InitializingBean`].
- - `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Dataflow analysis limitation` can be used when NullAway dataflow analysis is not
-able to detect that the path involving a nullness problem will never happen.
- - `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Lambda` can be used when NullAway does not take into account assertions performed
-outside of a lambda for the code path within the lambda.
-- `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Reflection` can be used for some reflection operations that are known returning
-non-null values even if that can't be expressed by the API.
-- `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Well-known map keys` can be used when `Map#get` invocations are done with keys known
-to be present and non-null related values inserted previously.
-- `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Overridden method does not define nullness` can be used when the super class does
-not define nullness (typically when the super class is coming from a dependency).
 
 
-[[null-safety-migrating]]
-== Migrating from Spring null-safety annotations
+[[use-cases]]
+== Use cases
 
-Spring null-safety annotations {spring-framework-api}/lang/Nullable.html[`@Nullable`],
-{spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNull.html[`@NonNull`],
-{spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNullApi.html[`@NonNullApi`], and
-{spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNullFields.html[`@NonNullFields`] in the `org.springframework.lang` package have been
-introduced in Spring Framework 5 when JSpecify did not exist and the best option was to leverage JSR 305 (a dormant
-but widespread JSR) meta-annotations. They are deprecated as of Spring Framework 7 in favor of
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/start-here/[JSpecify] annotations, which provide significant enhancements such as properly
-defined specifications, a canonical dependency with no split-package issue, better tooling, better Kotlin integration
-and the capability to specify the nullness more precisely for more use cases.
+In addition to providing an explicit declaration for Spring Framework API nullability,
+these annotations can be used by an IDE (such as IDEA or Eclipse) to provide useful
+warnings related to null-safety in order to avoid `NullPointerException` at runtime.
 
-A key difference is that Spring null-safety annotations, following JSR 305 semantics, apply to fields,
-parameters and return values while JSpecify annotations apply to type usages. This subtle difference
-is in practice pretty significant, as it allows for example to differentiate the nullness of elements from the
-nullness of arrays/varargs as well as defining the nullness of generic types.
+They are also used to make Spring APIs null-safe in Kotlin projects, since Kotlin natively
+supports {kotlin-docs}/null-safety.html[null-safety]. More details
+are available in the xref:languages/kotlin/null-safety.adoc[Kotlin support documentation].
 
-That means array and varargs null-safety declarations have to be updated to keep the same semantic. For example
-`@Nullable Object[] array` with Spring annotations needs to be changed to `Object @Nullable [] array` with JSpecify
-annotations. Same for varargs.
 
-It is also recommended to move field and return value annotations closer to the type, for example:
 
- - For fields, instead of `@Nullable private String field` with Spring annotations, use `private @Nullable String field`
-with JSpecify annotations.
-- For return values, instead of `@Nullable public String method()` with Spring annotations, use
-`public @Nullable String method()` with JSpecify annotations.
 
-Also, with JSpecify, you don't need to specify `@NonNull` when overriding a type usage annotated with `@Nullable` in the
-super method to "undo" the nullable declaration in null-marked code. Just declare it unannotated and the null-marked
-defaults (a type usage is considered non-null unless explicitly annotated as nullable) will apply.
+[[jsr-305-meta-annotations]]
+== JSR-305 meta-annotations
 
+Spring annotations are meta-annotated with {JSR}305[JSR 305]
+annotations (a dormant but widespread JSR). JSR-305 meta-annotations let tooling vendors
+like IDEA or Kotlin provide null-safety support in a generic way, without having to
+hard-code support for Spring annotations.
+
+It is neither necessary nor recommended to add a JSR-305 dependency to the project classpath to
+take advantage of Spring's null-safe APIs. Only projects such as Spring-based libraries that use
+null-safety annotations in their codebase should add `com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2`
+with `compileOnly` Gradle configuration or Maven `provided` scope to avoid compiler warnings.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/spring-jcl.adoc

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+[[spring-jcl]]
+= Logging
+
+Spring comes with its own Commons Logging bridge implemented
+in the `spring-jcl` module. The implementation checks for the presence of the Log4j 2.x
+API and the SLF4J 1.7 API in the classpath and uses the first one of those found as the
+logging implementation, falling back to the Java platform's core logging facilities (also
+known as _JUL_ or `java.util.logging`) if neither Log4j 2.x nor SLF4J is available.
+
+Put Log4j 2.x or Logback (or another SLF4J provider) in your classpath, without any extra
+bridges, and let the framework auto-adapt to your choice. For further information see the
+{spring-boot-docs-ref}/features/logging.html[Spring
+Boot Logging Reference Documentation].
+
+[NOTE]
+====
+Spring's Commons Logging variant is only meant to be used for infrastructure logging
+purposes in the core framework and in extensions.
+
+For logging needs within application code, prefer direct use of Log4j 2.x, SLF4J, or JUL.
+====
+
+A `Log` implementation may be retrieved via `org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory` as in
+the following example.
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+public class MyBean {
+	private final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
+    // ...
+}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+class MyBean {
+  private val log = LogFactory.getLog(javaClass)
+  // ...
+}
+----
+======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/validation/beanvalidation.adoc

@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ A `ConstraintViolation` on the `degrees` method parameter is adapted to a
 `MessageSourceResolvable` with the following:
 
 - Error codes `"Max.myService#addStudent.degrees"`, `"Max.degrees"`, `"Max.int"`, `"Max"`
-- Message arguments "degrees" and 2 (the field name and the constraint attribute)
+- Message arguments "degrees2 and 2 (the field name and the constraint attribute)
 - Default message "must be less than or equal to 2"
 
 To customize the above default message, you can add a property such as:

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/data-access/jdbc/embedded-database-support.adoc

@@ -78,27 +78,27 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	@Configuration
-	public class DataSourceConfig {
+    @Configuration
+    public class DataSourceConfig {
 
-		@Bean
-		public DataSource dataSource() {
-			return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
-					.setDatabaseConfigurer(EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurers
-							.customizeConfigurer(H2, this::customize))
-					.addScript("schema.sql")
-					.build();
-		}
+        @Bean
+        public DataSource dataSource() {
+            return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
+                    .setDatabaseConfigurer(EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurers
+                            .customizeConfigurer(H2, this::customize))
+                    .addScript("schema.sql")
+                    .build();
+        }
 
-		private EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurer customize(EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurer defaultConfigurer) {
-			return new EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurerDelegate(defaultConfigurer) {
-				@Override
-				public void configureConnectionProperties(ConnectionProperties properties, String databaseName) {
-					super.configureConnectionProperties(properties, databaseName);
-					properties.setDriverClass(CustomDriver.class);
-				}
-			};
-		}
+        private EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurer customize(EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurer defaultConfigurer) {
+            return new EmbeddedDatabaseConfigurerDelegate(defaultConfigurer) {
+                @Override
+                public void configureConnectionProperties(ConnectionProperties properties, String databaseName) {
+                    super.configureConnectionProperties(properties, databaseName);
+                    properties.setDriverClass(CustomDriver.class);
+                }
+            };
+        }
 	}
 ----
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/data-access/r2dbc.adoc

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Mono<Void> completion = client.sql("CREATE TABLE person (id VARCHAR(255) PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), age INTEGER);")
-			.then();
+	        .then();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("CREATE TABLE person (id VARCHAR(255) PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), age INTEGER);")
-			.await()
+	        .await()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Mono<Map<String, Object>> first = client.sql("SELECT id, name FROM person")
-			.fetch().first();
+	        .fetch().first();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	val first = client.sql("SELECT id, name FROM person")
-			.fetch().awaitSingle()
+	        .fetch().awaitSingle()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Mono<Map<String, Object>> first = client.sql("SELECT id, name FROM person WHERE first_name = :fn")
-			.bind("fn", "Joe")
-			.fetch().first();
+	        .bind("fn", "Joe")
+	        .fetch().first();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	val first = client.sql("SELECT id, name FROM person WHERE first_name = :fn")
-			.bind("fn", "Joe")
-			.fetch().awaitSingle()
+	        .bind("fn", "Joe")
+	        .fetch().awaitSingle()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -240,8 +240,8 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Flux<String> names = client.sql("SELECT name FROM person")
-			.map(row -> row.get("name", String.class))
-			.all();
+	        .map(row -> row.get("name", String.class))
+	        .all();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -249,8 +249,8 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	val names = client.sql("SELECT name FROM person")
-			.map{ row: Row -> row.get("name", String.class) }
-			.flow()
+	        .map{ row: Row -> row.get("name", String.class) }
+	        .flow()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -301,8 +301,8 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	Mono<Integer> affectedRows = client.sql("UPDATE person SET first_name = :fn")
-			.bind("fn", "Joe")
-			.fetch().rowsUpdated();
+	        .bind("fn", "Joe")
+	        .fetch().rowsUpdated();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -310,8 +310,8 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	val affectedRows = client.sql("UPDATE person SET first_name = :fn")
-			.bind("fn", "Joe")
-			.fetch().awaitRowsUpdated()
+	        .bind("fn", "Joe")
+	        .fetch().awaitRowsUpdated()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -337,9 +337,9 @@ The following example shows parameter binding for a query:
 
 [source,java]
 ----
-	db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
-			.bind("id", "joe")
-			.bind("name", "Joe")
+    db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
+	    	.bind("id", "joe")
+	    	.bind("name", "Joe")
 			.bind("age", 34);
 ----
 
@@ -369,9 +369,9 @@ Indices are zero based.
 
 [source,java]
 ----
-	db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
-			.bind(0, "joe")
-			.bind(1, "Joe")
+    db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
+	    	.bind(0, "joe")
+	    	.bind(1, "Joe")
 			.bind(2, 34);
 ----
 
@@ -379,9 +379,9 @@ In case your application is binding to many parameters, the same can be achieved
 
 [source,java]
 ----
-	List<?> values = List.of("joe", "Joe", 34);
-	db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
-			.bindValues(values);
+    List<?> values = List.of("joe", "Joe", 34);
+    db.sql("INSERT INTO person (id, name, age) VALUES(:id, :name, :age)")
+	    	.bindValues(values);
 ----
 
 
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ Java::
 	tuples.add(new Object[] {"Ann",  50});
 
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table WHERE (name, age) IN (:tuples)")
-			.bind("tuples", tuples);
+		    .bind("tuples", tuples);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ Kotlin::
 	tuples.add(arrayOf("Ann", 50))
 
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table WHERE (name, age) IN (:tuples)")
-			.bind("tuples", tuples)
+		    .bind("tuples", tuples)
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table WHERE age IN (:ages)")
-			.bind("ages", Arrays.asList(35, 50));
+		    .bind("ages", Arrays.asList(35, 50));
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table WHERE age IN (:ages)")
-			.bind("ages", arrayOf(35, 50))
+		    .bind("ages", arrayOf(35, 50))
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -490,9 +490,9 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("INSERT INTO table (name, state) VALUES(:name, :state)")
-			.filter((s, next) -> next.execute(s.returnGeneratedValues("id")))
-			.bind("name", …)
-			.bind("state", …);
+		    .filter((s, next) -> next.execute(s.returnGeneratedValues("id")))
+		    .bind("name", …)
+		    .bind("state", …);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("INSERT INTO table (name, state) VALUES(:name, :state)")
-			.filter(statement -> s.returnGeneratedValues("id"));
+		    .filter(statement -> s.returnGeneratedValues("id"));
 
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table")
-			.filter(statement -> s.fetchSize(25));
+		    .filter(statement -> s.fetchSize(25));
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -527,10 +527,10 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	client.sql("INSERT INTO table (name, state) VALUES(:name, :state)")
-			.filter { statement -> s.returnGeneratedValues("id") }
+		    .filter { statement -> s.returnGeneratedValues("id") }
 
 	client.sql("SELECT id, name, state FROM table")
-			.filter { statement -> s.fetchSize(25) }
+		    .filter { statement -> s.fetchSize(25) }
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/integration/aot-cache.adoc

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-[[aot-cache]]
-= JVM AOT Cache
-:page-aliases: integration/class-data-sharing.adoc
-:page-aliases: integration/cds.adoc
-
-The ahead-of-time cache is a JVM feature introduced in Java 24 via the
-https://openjdk.org/jeps/483[JEP 483] that can help reduce the startup time and memory
-footprint of Java applications. AOT cache is a natural evolution of https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/vm/class-data-sharing.html[Class Data Sharing (CDS)].
-Spring Framework supports both CDS and AOT cache, and it is recommended that you use the
-later if available in the JVM version your are using (Java 24+).
-
-To use this feature, an AOT cache should be created for the particular classpath of the
-application. It is possible to create this cache on the deployed instance, or during a
-training run performed for example when packaging the application thanks to an hook-point
-provided by the Spring Framework to ease such use case. Once the cache is available, users
-should opt in to use it via a JVM flag.
-
-NOTE: If you are using Spring Boot, it is highly recommended to leverage its
-{spring-boot-docs-ref}/packaging/efficient.html#packaging.efficient.unpacking[executable JAR unpacking support]
-which is designed to fulfill the class loading requirements of both AOT cache and CDS.
-
-== Creating the cache
-
-An AOT cache can typically be created when the application exits. The Spring Framework
-provides a mode of operation where the process can exit automatically once the
-`ApplicationContext` has refreshed. In this mode, all non-lazy initialized singletons
-have been instantiated, and `InitializingBean#afterPropertiesSet` callbacks have been
-invoked; but the lifecycle has not started, and the `ContextRefreshedEvent` has not yet
-been published.
-
-To create the cache during the training run, it is possible to specify the `-Dspring.context.exit=onRefresh`
-JVM flag to start then exit your Spring application once the
-`ApplicationContext` has refreshed:
-
-
---
-[tabs]
-======
-AOT cache::
-+
-[source,bash,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-# Both commands need to be run with the same classpath
-java -XX:AOTMode=record -XX:AOTConfiguration=app.aotconf -Dspring.context.exit=onRefresh ...
-java -XX:AOTMode=create -XX:AOTConfiguration=app.aotconf -XX:AOTCache=app.aot ...
-----
-
-CDS::
-+
-[source,bash,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-# To create a CDS archive, your JDK/JRE must have a base image
-java -XX:ArchiveClassesAtExit=app.jsa -Dspring.context.exit=onRefresh ...
-----
-======
---
-
-== Using the cache
-
-Once the cache file has been created, you can use it to start your application faster:
-
---
-[tabs]
-======
-AOT cache::
-+
-[source,bash,subs="verbatim"]
-----
-# With the same classpath (or a superset) tan the training run
-java -XX:AOTCache=app.aot ...
-----
-
-CDS::
-+
-[source,bash,subs="verbatim"]
-----
-# With the same classpath (or a superset) tan the training run
-java -XX:SharedArchiveFile=app.jsa ...
-----
-======
---
-
-Pay attention to the logs and the startup time to check if the AOT cache is used successfully.
-To figure out how effective the cache is, you can enable class loading logs by adding
-an extra attribute: `-Xlog:class+load:file=aot-cache.log`. This creates a `aot-cache.log` with
-every attempt to load a class and its source. Classes that are loaded from the cache should have
-a "shared objects file" source, as shown in the following example:
-
-[source,shell,subs="verbatim"]
-----
-[0.151s][info][class,load] org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentCapable source: shared objects file
-[0.151s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory source: shared objects file
-[0.151s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.ListableBeanFactory source: shared objects file
-[0.151s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.HierarchicalBeanFactory source: shared objects file
-[0.151s][info][class,load] org.springframework.context.MessageSource source: shared objects file
-----
-
-If the AOT cache can't be enabled or if you have a large number of classes that are not loaded from
-the cache, make sure that the following conditions are fulfilled when creating and using the cache:
-
- - The very same JVM must be used.
- - The classpath must be specified as a JAR or a list of JARs, and avoid the usage of directories and `*` wildcard characters.
- - The timestamps of the JARs must be preserved.
- - When using the cache, the classpath must be the same than the one used to create it, in the same order.
-Additional JARs or directories can be specified *at the end* (but won't be cached).

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/integration/cds.adoc

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+[[cds]]
+= CDS
+:page-aliases: integration/class-data-sharing.adoc
+
+Class Data Sharing (CDS) is a https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/vm/class-data-sharing.html[JVM feature]
+that can help reduce the startup time and memory footprint of Java applications.
+
+To use this feature, a CDS archive should be created for the particular classpath of the
+application. The Spring Framework provides a hook-point to ease the creation of the
+archive. Once the archive is available, users should opt in to use it via a JVM flag.
+
+== Creating the CDS Archive
+
+A CDS archive for an application can be created when the application exits. The Spring
+Framework provides a mode of operation where the process can exit automatically once the
+`ApplicationContext` has refreshed. In this mode, all non-lazy initialized singletons
+have been instantiated, and `InitializingBean#afterPropertiesSet` callbacks have been
+invoked; but the lifecycle has not started, and the `ContextRefreshedEvent` has not yet
+been published.
+
+To create the archive, two additional JVM flags must be specified:
+
+* `-XX:ArchiveClassesAtExit=application.jsa`: creates the CDS archive on exit
+* `-Dspring.context.exit=onRefresh`: starts and then immediately exits your Spring
+  application as described above
+
+To create a CDS archive, your JDK/JRE must have a base image. If you add the flags above to
+your startup script, you may get a warning that looks like this:
+
+[source,shell,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
+----
+  -XX:ArchiveClassesAtExit is unsupported when base CDS archive is not loaded. Run with -Xlog:cds for more info.
+----
+
+The base CDS archive is usually provided out-of-the-box, but can also be created if needed by issuing the following
+command:
+
+[source,shell,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
+----
+  $ java -Xshare:dump
+----
+
+== Using the Archive
+
+Once the archive is available, add `-XX:SharedArchiveFile=application.jsa` to your startup
+script to use it, assuming an `application.jsa` file in the working directory.
+
+To check if the CDS cache is effective, you can use (for testing purposes only, not in production) `-Xshare:on` which
+prints an error message and exits if CDS can't be enabled.
+
+To figure out how effective the cache is, you can enable class loading logs by adding
+an extra attribute: `-Xlog:class+load:file=cds.log`. This creates a `cds.log` with every
+attempt to load a class and its source. Classes that are loaded from the cache should have
+a "shared objects file" source, as shown in the following example:
+
+[source,shell,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
+----
+    [0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentCapable source: shared objects file (top)
+    [0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory source: shared objects file (top)
+    [0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.ListableBeanFactory source: shared objects file (top)
+    [0.064s][info][class,load] org.springframework.beans.factory.HierarchicalBeanFactory source: shared objects file (top)
+    [0.065s][info][class,load] org.springframework.context.MessageSource source: shared objects file (top)
+----
+
+If CDS can't be enabled or if you have a large number of classes that are not loaded from the cache, make sure that
+the following conditions are fulfilled when creating and using the archive:
+
+ - The very same JVM must be used.
+ - The classpath must be specified as a list of JARs, and avoid the usage of directories and `*` wildcard characters.
+ - The timestamps of the JARs must be preserved.
+ - When using the archive, the classpath must be the same than the one used to create the archive, in the same order.
+Additional JARs or directories can be specified *at the end* (but won't be cached).

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/integration/email.adoc

@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ Spring Framework's email support:
 * The https://jakartaee.github.io/mail-api/[Jakarta Mail] library
 
 This library is freely available on the web -- for example, in Maven Central as
-`org.eclipse.angus:angus-mail`.
+`com.sun.mail:jakarta.mail`. Please make sure to use the latest 2.x version (which uses
+the `jakarta.mail` package namespace) rather than Jakarta Mail 1.6.x (which uses the
+`javax.mail` package namespace).
 ****
 
 The Spring Framework provides a helpful utility library for sending email that shields

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/integration/rest-clients.adoc

@@ -30,36 +30,36 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
 ----
-	RestClient defaultClient = RestClient.create();
-	
-	RestClient customClient = RestClient.builder()
-		.requestFactory(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
-		.messageConverters(converters -> converters.add(new MyCustomMessageConverter()))
-		.baseUrl("https://example.com")
-		.defaultUriVariables(Map.of("variable", "foo"))
-		.defaultHeader("My-Header", "Foo")
-		.defaultCookie("My-Cookie", "Bar")
-		.requestInterceptor(myCustomInterceptor)
-		.requestInitializer(myCustomInitializer)
-		.build();
+RestClient defaultClient = RestClient.create();
+
+RestClient customClient = RestClient.builder()
+  .requestFactory(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
+  .messageConverters(converters -> converters.add(new MyCustomMessageConverter()))
+  .baseUrl("https://example.com")
+  .defaultUriVariables(Map.of("variable", "foo"))
+  .defaultHeader("My-Header", "Foo")
+  .defaultCookie("My-Cookie", "Bar")
+  .requestInterceptor(myCustomInterceptor)
+  .requestInitializer(myCustomInitializer)
+  .build();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
 ----
-	val defaultClient = RestClient.create()
-	
-	val customClient = RestClient.builder()
-		.requestFactory(HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
-		.messageConverters { converters -> converters.add(MyCustomMessageConverter()) }
-		.baseUrl("https://example.com")
-		.defaultUriVariables(mapOf("variable" to "foo"))
-		.defaultHeader("My-Header", "Foo")
-		.defaultCookie("My-Cookie", "Bar")
-		.requestInterceptor(myCustomInterceptor)
-		.requestInitializer(myCustomInitializer)
-		.build()
+val defaultClient = RestClient.create()
+
+val customClient = RestClient.builder()
+  .requestFactory(HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory())
+  .messageConverters { converters -> converters.add(MyCustomMessageConverter()) }
+  .baseUrl("https://example.com")
+  .defaultUriVariables(mapOf("variable" to "foo"))
+  .defaultHeader("My-Header", "Foo")
+  .defaultCookie("My-Cookie", "Bar")
+  .requestInterceptor(myCustomInterceptor)
+  .requestInitializer(myCustomInitializer)
+  .build()
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -81,20 +81,20 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	int id = 42;
-	restClient.get()
-		.uri("https://example.com/orders/{id}", id)
-		// ...
+int id = 42;
+restClient.get()
+  .uri("https://example.com/orders/{id}", id)
+  ....
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val id = 42
-	restClient.get()
-		.uri("https://example.com/orders/{id}", id)
-		// ...
+val id = 42
+restClient.get()
+  .uri("https://example.com/orders/{id}", id)
+  ...
 ----
 ======
 
@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	String result = restClient.get() <1>
-		.uri("https://example.com") <2>
-		.retrieve() <3>
-		.body(String.class); <4>
-	
-	System.out.println(result); <5>
+String result = restClient.get() <1>
+  .uri("https://example.com") <2>
+  .retrieve() <3>
+  .body(String.class); <4>
+
+System.out.println(result); <5>
 ----
 <1> Set up a GET request
 <2> Specify the URL to connect to
@@ -150,12 +150,12 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val result= restClient.get() <1>
-		.uri("https://example.com") <2>
-		.retrieve() <3>
-		.body<String>() <4>
-	
-	println(result) <5>
+val result= restClient.get() <1>
+  .uri("https://example.com") <2>
+  .retrieve() <3>
+  .body<String>() <4>
+
+println(result) <5>
 ----
 <1> Set up a GET request
 <2> Specify the URL to connect to
@@ -172,14 +172,14 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	ResponseEntity<String> result = restClient.get() <1>
-		.uri("https://example.com") <1>
-		.retrieve()
-		.toEntity(String.class); <2>
-	
-	System.out.println("Response status: " + result.getStatusCode()); <3>
-	System.out.println("Response headers: " + result.getHeaders()); <3>
-	System.out.println("Contents: " + result.getBody()); <3>
+ResponseEntity<String> result = restClient.get() <1>
+  .uri("https://example.com") <1>
+  .retrieve()
+  .toEntity(String.class); <2>
+
+System.out.println("Response status: " + result.getStatusCode()); <3>
+System.out.println("Response headers: " + result.getHeaders()); <3>
+System.out.println("Contents: " + result.getBody()); <3>
 ----
 <1> Set up a GET request for the specified URL
 <2> Convert the response into a `ResponseEntity`
@@ -189,14 +189,14 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val result = restClient.get() <1>
-		.uri("https://example.com") <1>
-		.retrieve()
-		.toEntity<String>() <2>
-	
-	println("Response status: " + result.statusCode) <3>
-	println("Response headers: " + result.headers) <3>
-	println("Contents: " + result.body) <3>
+val result = restClient.get() <1>
+  .uri("https://example.com") <1>
+  .retrieve()
+  .toEntity<String>() <2>
+
+println("Response status: " + result.statusCode) <3>
+println("Response headers: " + result.headers) <3>
+println("Contents: " + result.body) <3>
 ----
 <1> Set up a GET request for the specified URL
 <2> Convert the response into a `ResponseEntity`
@@ -212,12 +212,12 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	int id = ...;
-	Pet pet = restClient.get()
-		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id) <1>
-		.accept(APPLICATION_JSON) <2>
-		.retrieve()
-		.body(Pet.class); <3>
+int id = ...;
+Pet pet = restClient.get()
+  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id) <1>
+  .accept(APPLICATION_JSON) <2>
+  .retrieve()
+  .body(Pet.class); <3>
 ----
 <1> Using URI variables
 <2> Set the `Accept` header to `application/json`
@@ -227,12 +227,12 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val id = ...
-	val pet = restClient.get()
-		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id) <1>
-		.accept(APPLICATION_JSON) <2>
-		.retrieve()
-		.body<Pet>() <3>
+val id = ...
+val pet = restClient.get()
+  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id) <1>
+  .accept(APPLICATION_JSON) <2>
+  .retrieve()
+  .body<Pet>() <3>
 ----
 <1> Using URI variables
 <2> Set the `Accept` header to `application/json`
@@ -247,13 +247,13 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	Pet pet = ... <1>
-	ResponseEntity<Void> response = restClient.post() <2>
-		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/new") <2>
-		.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) <3>
-		.body(pet) <4>
-		.retrieve()
-		.toBodilessEntity(); <5>
+Pet pet = ... <1>
+ResponseEntity<Void> response = restClient.post() <2>
+  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/new") <2>
+  .contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) <3>
+  .body(pet) <4>
+  .retrieve()
+  .toBodilessEntity(); <5>
 ----
 <1> Create a `Pet` domain object
 <2> Set up a POST request, and the URL to connect to
@@ -265,13 +265,13 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val pet: Pet = ... <1>
-	val response = restClient.post() <2>
-		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/new") <2>
-		.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) <3>
-		.body(pet) <4>
-		.retrieve()
-		.toBodilessEntity() <5>
+val pet: Pet = ... <1>
+val response = restClient.post() <2>
+  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/new") <2>
+  .contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) <3>
+  .body(pet) <4>
+  .retrieve()
+  .toBodilessEntity() <5>
 ----
 <1> Create a `Pet` domain object
 <2> Set up a POST request, and the URL to connect to
@@ -291,13 +291,13 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	String result = restClient.get() <1>
-		.uri("https://example.com/this-url-does-not-exist") <1>
-		.retrieve()
-		.onStatus(HttpStatusCode::is4xxClientError, (request, response) -> { <2>
-			throw new MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()); <3>
-		})
-		.body(String.class);
+String result = restClient.get() <1>
+  .uri("https://example.com/this-url-does-not-exist") <1>
+  .retrieve()
+  .onStatus(HttpStatusCode::is4xxClientError, (request, response) -> { <2>
+      throw new MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()); <3>
+  })
+  .body(String.class);
 ----
 <1> Create a GET request for a URL that returns a 404 status code
 <2> Set up a status handler for all 4xx status codes
@@ -307,12 +307,12 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val result = restClient.get() <1>
-		.uri("https://example.com/this-url-does-not-exist") <1>
-		.retrieve()
-		.onStatus(HttpStatusCode::is4xxClientError) { _, response -> <2>
-			throw MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()) } <3>
-		.body<String>()
+val result = restClient.get() <1>
+  .uri("https://example.com/this-url-does-not-exist") <1>
+  .retrieve()
+  .onStatus(HttpStatusCode::is4xxClientError) { _, response -> <2>
+    throw MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()) } <3>
+  .body<String>()
 ----
 <1> Create a GET request for a URL that returns a 404 status code
 <2> Set up a status handler for all 4xx status codes
@@ -330,18 +330,18 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	Pet result = restClient.get()
-		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id)
-		.accept(APPLICATION_JSON)
-		.exchange((request, response) -> { <1>
-			if (response.getStatusCode().is4xxClientError()) { <2>
-				throw new MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()); <2>
-			}
-			else {
-				Pet pet = convertResponse(response); <3>
-				return pet;
-			}
-		});
+Pet result = restClient.get()
+  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id)
+  .accept(APPLICATION_JSON)
+  .exchange((request, response) -> { <1>
+    if (response.getStatusCode().is4xxClientError()) { <2>
+      throw new MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()); <2>
+    }
+    else {
+      Pet pet = convertResponse(response); <3>
+      return pet;
+    }
+  });
 ----
 <1> `exchange` provides the request and response
 <2> Throw an exception when the response has a 4xx status code
@@ -351,17 +351,17 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val result = restClient.get()
-		.uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id)
-		.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
-		.exchange { request, response -> <1>
-			if (response.getStatusCode().is4xxClientError()) { <2>
-				throw MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()) <2>
-			} else {
-				val pet: Pet = convertResponse(response) <3>
-				pet
-			}
-		}
+val result = restClient.get()
+  .uri("https://petclinic.example.com/pets/{id}", id)
+  .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
+  .exchange { request, response -> <1>
+    if (response.getStatusCode().is4xxClientError()) { <2>
+      throw MyCustomRuntimeException(response.getStatusCode(), response.getHeaders()) <2>
+    } else {
+      val pet: Pet = convertResponse(response) <3>
+      pet
+    }
+  }
 ----
 <1> `exchange` provides the request and response
 <2> Throw an exception when the response has a 4xx status code
@@ -380,14 +380,15 @@ To serialize only a subset of the object properties, you can specify a {baeldung
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
 ----
-	MappingJacksonValue value = new MappingJacksonValue(new User("eric", "7!jd#h23"));
-	value.setSerializationView(User.WithoutPasswordView.class);
-	
-	ResponseEntity<Void> response = restClient.post() // or RestTemplate.postForEntity
-		.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON)
-		.body(value)
-		.retrieve()
-		.toBodilessEntity();
+MappingJacksonValue value = new MappingJacksonValue(new User("eric", "7!jd#h23"));
+value.setSerializationView(User.WithoutPasswordView.class);
+
+ResponseEntity<Void> response = restClient.post() // or RestTemplate.postForEntity
+  .contentType(APPLICATION_JSON)
+  .body(value)
+  .retrieve()
+  .toBodilessEntity();
+
 ----
 
 ==== Multipart
@@ -397,24 +398,24 @@ For example:
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim"]
 ----
-	MultiValueMap<String, Object> parts = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
-	
-	parts.add("fieldPart", "fieldValue");
-	parts.add("filePart", new FileSystemResource("...logo.png"));
-	parts.add("jsonPart", new Person("Jason"));
-	
-	HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
-	headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
-	parts.add("xmlPart", new HttpEntity<>(myBean, headers));
-	
-	// send using RestClient.post or RestTemplate.postForEntity
+MultiValueMap<String, Object> parts = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
+
+parts.add("fieldPart", "fieldValue");
+parts.add("filePart", new FileSystemResource("...logo.png"));
+parts.add("jsonPart", new Person("Jason"));
+
+HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
+headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);
+parts.add("xmlPart", new HttpEntity<>(myBean, headers));
+
+// send using RestClient.post or RestTemplate.postForEntity
 ----
 
 In most cases, you do not have to specify the `Content-Type` for each part.
 The content type is determined automatically based on the `HttpMessageConverter` chosen to serialize it or, in the case of a `Resource`, based on the file extension.
 If necessary, you can explicitly provide the `MediaType` with an `HttpEntity` wrapper.
 
-Once the `MultiValueMap` is ready, you can use it as the body of a `POST` request, using `RestClient.post().body(parts)` (or `RestTemplate.postForObject`).
+Once the `MultiValueMap` is ready, you can use it as the body of a `POST` request, using  `RestClient.post().body(parts)` (or `RestTemplate.postForObject`).
 
 If the `MultiValueMap` contains at least one non-`String` value, the `Content-Type` is set to `multipart/form-data` by the `FormHttpMessageConverter`.
 If the `MultiValueMap` has `String` values, the `Content-Type` defaults to `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.
@@ -1136,11 +1137,11 @@ performed through the client:
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
-	restTemplate.setErrorHandler(myErrorHandler);
-	
-	RestTemplateAdapter adapter = RestTemplateAdapter.create(restTemplate);
-	HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builderFor(adapter).build();
+    RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
+    restTemplate.setErrorHandler(myErrorHandler);
+
+    RestTemplateAdapter adapter = RestTemplateAdapter.create(restTemplate);
+    HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builderFor(adapter).build();
 ----
 
 For more details and options, see the Javadoc of `setErrorHandler` in `RestTemplate` and

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/languages/kotlin/bean-definition-dsl.adoc

@@ -1,7 +1,113 @@
 [[kotlin-bean-definition-dsl]]
 = Bean Definition DSL
 
-See xref:core/beans/java/programmatic-bean-registration.adoc[Programmatic Bean Registration].
+Spring Framework supports registering beans in a functional way by using lambdas
+as an alternative to XML or Java configuration (`@Configuration` and `@Bean`). In a nutshell,
+it lets you register beans with a lambda that acts as a `FactoryBean`.
+This mechanism is very efficient, as it does not require any reflection or CGLIB proxies.
+
+In Java, you can, for example, write the following:
+
+[source,java,indent=0]
+----
+	class Foo {}
+
+	class Bar {
+		private final Foo foo;
+		public Bar(Foo foo) {
+			this.foo = foo;
+		}
+	}
+
+	GenericApplicationContext context = new GenericApplicationContext();
+	context.registerBean(Foo.class);
+	context.registerBean(Bar.class, () -> new Bar(context.getBean(Foo.class)));
+----
+
+In Kotlin, with reified type parameters and `GenericApplicationContext` Kotlin extensions,
+you can instead write the following:
+
+[source,kotlin,indent=0]
+----
+	class Foo
+
+	class Bar(private val foo: Foo)
+
+	val context = GenericApplicationContext().apply {
+		registerBean<Foo>()
+		registerBean { Bar(it.getBean()) }
+	}
+----
+
+When the class `Bar` has a single constructor, you can even just specify the bean class,
+the constructor parameters will be autowired by type:
+
+[source,kotlin,indent=0]
+----
+	val context = GenericApplicationContext().apply {
+		registerBean<Foo>()
+		registerBean<Bar>()
+	}
+----
+
+In order to allow a more declarative approach and cleaner syntax, Spring Framework provides
+a {spring-framework-api-kdoc}/spring-context/org.springframework.context.support/-bean-definition-dsl/index.html[Kotlin bean definition DSL]
+It declares an `ApplicationContextInitializer` through a clean declarative API,
+which lets you deal with profiles and `Environment` for customizing
+how beans are registered.
+
+In the following example notice that:
+
+* Type inference usually allows to avoid specifying the type for bean references like `ref("bazBean")`
+* It is possible to use Kotlin top level functions to declare beans using callable references like `bean(::myRouter)` in this example
+* When specifying `bean<Bar>()` or `bean(::myRouter)`, parameters are autowired by type
+* The `FooBar` bean will be registered only if the `foobar` profile is active
+
+[source,kotlin,indent=0]
+----
+	class Foo
+	class Bar(private val foo: Foo)
+	class Baz(var message: String = "")
+	class FooBar(private val baz: Baz)
+
+	val myBeans = beans {
+		bean<Foo>()
+		bean<Bar>()
+		bean("bazBean") {
+			Baz().apply {
+				message = "Hello world"
+			}
+		}
+		profile("foobar") {
+			bean { FooBar(ref("bazBean")) }
+		}
+		bean(::myRouter)
+	}
+
+	fun myRouter(foo: Foo, bar: Bar, baz: Baz) = router {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+NOTE: This DSL is programmatic, meaning it allows custom registration logic of beans
+through an `if` expression, a `for` loop, or any other Kotlin constructs.
+
+You can then use this `beans()` function to register beans on the application context,
+as the following example shows:
+
+[source,kotlin,indent=0]
+----
+	val context = GenericApplicationContext().apply {
+		myBeans.initialize(this)
+		refresh()
+	}
+----
+
+NOTE: Spring Boot is based on JavaConfig and
+{spring-boot-issues}/8115[does not yet provide specific support for functional bean definition],
+but you can experimentally use functional bean definitions through Spring Boot's `ApplicationContextInitializer` support.
+See {stackoverflow-questions}/45935931/how-to-use-functional-bean-definition-kotlin-dsl-with-spring-boot-and-spring-w/46033685#46033685[this Stack Overflow answer]
+for more details and up-to-date information. See also the experimental Kofu DSL developed in {spring-github-org}-experimental/spring-fu[Spring Fu incubator].
 
 
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/languages/kotlin/coroutines.adoc

@@ -215,43 +215,45 @@ For suspending functions, a `TransactionalOperator.executeAndAwait` extension is
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-	import org.springframework.transaction.reactive.executeAndAwait
+    import org.springframework.transaction.reactive.executeAndAwait
 
-	class PersonRepository(private val operator: TransactionalOperator) {
+    class PersonRepository(private val operator: TransactionalOperator) {
 
-		suspend fun initDatabase() = operator.executeAndAwait {
-			insertPerson1()
-			insertPerson2()
-		}
+        suspend fun initDatabase() = operator.executeAndAwait {
+            insertPerson1()
+            insertPerson2()
+        }
 
-		private suspend fun insertPerson1() {
-			// INSERT SQL statement
-		}
+        private suspend fun insertPerson1() {
+            // INSERT SQL statement
+        }
 
-		private suspend fun insertPerson2() {
-			// INSERT SQL statement
-		}
-	}
+        private suspend fun insertPerson2() {
+            // INSERT SQL statement
+        }
+    }
 ----
 
 For Kotlin `Flow`, a  `Flow<T>.transactional` extension is provided.
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-	import org.springframework.transaction.reactive.transactional
+    import org.springframework.transaction.reactive.transactional
 
-	class PersonRepository(private val operator: TransactionalOperator) {
+    class PersonRepository(private val operator: TransactionalOperator) {
 
-		fun updatePeople() = findPeople().map(::updatePerson).transactional(operator)
+        fun updatePeople() = findPeople().map(::updatePerson).transactional(operator)
 
-		private fun findPeople(): Flow<Person> {
-			// SELECT SQL statement
-		}
+        private fun findPeople(): Flow<Person> {
+            // SELECT SQL statement
+        }
 
-		private suspend fun updatePerson(person: Person): Person {
-			// UPDATE SQL statement
-		}
-	}
+        private suspend fun updatePerson(person: Person): Person {
+            // UPDATE SQL statement
+        }
+    }
 ----
 
 
+
+

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/languages/kotlin/null-safety.adoc

@@ -5,11 +5,34 @@ One of Kotlin's key features is {kotlin-docs}/null-safety.html[null-safety],
 which cleanly deals with `null` values at compile time rather than bumping into the famous
 `NullPointerException` at runtime. This makes applications safer through nullability
 declarations and expressing "`value or no value`" semantics without paying the cost of wrappers, such as `Optional`.
-Kotlin allows using functional constructs with nullable values. See this
-{baeldung-blog}/kotlin-null-safety[comprehensive guide to Kotlin null-safety].
+(Kotlin allows using functional constructs with nullable values. See this
+{baeldung-blog}/kotlin-null-safety[comprehensive guide to Kotlin null-safety].)
 
 Although Java does not let you express null-safety in its type-system, the Spring Framework
-provides xref:core/null-safety.adoc[null-safety of the whole Spring Framework API]
-via tooling-friendly https://jspecify.dev/[JSpecify] annotations.
+provides xref:languages/kotlin/null-safety.adoc[null-safety of the whole Spring Framework API]
+via tooling-friendly annotations declared in the `org.springframework.lang` package.
+By default, types from Java APIs used in Kotlin are recognized as
+{kotlin-docs}/java-interop.html#null-safety-and-platform-types[platform types],
+for which null-checks are relaxed.
+{kotlin-docs}/java-interop.html#jsr-305-support[Kotlin support for JSR-305 annotations]
+and Spring nullability annotations provide null-safety for the whole Spring Framework API to Kotlin developers,
+with the advantage of dealing with `null`-related issues at compile time.
+
+NOTE: Libraries such as Reactor or Spring Data provide null-safe APIs to leverage this feature.
+
+You can configure JSR-305 checks by adding the `-Xjsr305` compiler flag with the following
+options: `-Xjsr305={strict|warn|ignore}`.
+
+For kotlin versions 1.1+, the default behavior is the same as `-Xjsr305=warn`.
+The `strict` value is required to have Spring Framework API null-safety taken into account
+in Kotlin types inferred from Spring API but should be used with the knowledge that Spring
+API nullability declaration could evolve even between minor releases and that more checks may
+be added in the future.
+
+NOTE: Generic type arguments, varargs, and array elements nullability are not supported yet,
+but should be in an upcoming release. See {kotlin-github-org}/KEEP/issues/79[this discussion]
+for up-to-date information.
+
+
+
 
-As of Kotlin 2.1, Kotlin enforces strict handling of nullability annotations from `org.jspecify.annotations` package.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/languages/kotlin/requirements.adoc

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 = Requirements
 :page-section-summary-toc: 1
 
-Spring Framework supports Kotlin 2.1+ and requires
+Spring Framework supports Kotlin 1.7+ and requires
 https://search.maven.org/artifact/org.jetbrains.kotlin/kotlin-stdlib[`kotlin-stdlib`]
 and https://search.maven.org/artifact/org.jetbrains.kotlin/kotlin-reflect[`kotlin-reflect`]
 to be present on the classpath. They are provided by default if you bootstrap a Kotlin project on

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/languages/kotlin/spring-projects-in.adoc

@@ -296,17 +296,17 @@ for example when writing a `org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-	class ListOfFooConverter : Converter<List<Foo>, CustomJavaList<out Foo>> {
-		// ...
-	}
+class ListOfFooConverter : Converter<List<Foo>, CustomJavaList<out Foo>> {
+    // ...
+}
 ----
 
 When converting any kind of objects, star projection with `*` can be used instead of `out Any`.
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-	class ListOfAnyConverter : Converter<List<*>, CustomJavaList<*>> {
-		// ...
-	}
+class ListOfAnyConverter : Converter<List<*>, CustomJavaList<*>> {
+    // ...
+}
 ----
 
 NOTE: Spring Framework does not leverage yet declaration-site variance type information for injecting beans,
@@ -340,14 +340,13 @@ file with a `spring.test.constructor.autowire.mode = all` property.
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-	@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
-	@TestConstructor(autowireMode = AutowireMode.ALL)
-	class OrderServiceIntegrationTests(
-					val orderService: OrderService,
-					val customerService: CustomerService) {
-	
-		// tests that use the injected OrderService and CustomerService
-	}
+@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig::class)
+@TestConstructor(autowireMode = AutowireMode.ALL)
+class OrderServiceIntegrationTests(val orderService: OrderService,
+                                   val customerService: CustomerService) {
+
+    // tests that use the injected OrderService and CustomerService
+}
 ----
 
 
@@ -369,29 +368,29 @@ The following example demonstrates `@BeforeAll` and `@AfterAll` annotations on n
 @TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
 class IntegrationTests {
 
-	val application = Application(8181)
-	val client = WebClient.create("http://localhost:8181")
+  val application = Application(8181)
+  val client = WebClient.create("http://localhost:8181")
 
-	@BeforeAll
-	fun beforeAll() {
-		application.start()
-	}
+  @BeforeAll
+  fun beforeAll() {
+    application.start()
+  }
 
-	@Test
-	fun `Find all users on HTML page`() {
-		client.get().uri("/users")
-				.accept(TEXT_HTML)
-				.retrieve()
-				.bodyToMono<String>()
-				.test()
-				.expectNextMatches { it.contains("Foo") }
-				.verifyComplete()
-	}
+  @Test
+  fun `Find all users on HTML page`() {
+    client.get().uri("/users")
+        .accept(TEXT_HTML)
+        .retrieve()
+        .bodyToMono<String>()
+        .test()
+        .expectNextMatches { it.contains("Foo") }
+        .verifyComplete()
+  }
 
-	@AfterAll
-	fun afterAll() {
-		application.stop()
-	}
+  @AfterAll
+  fun afterAll() {
+    application.stop()
+  }
 }
 ----
 
@@ -404,27 +403,26 @@ The following example shows how to do so:
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-	class SpecificationLikeTests {
-	
-		@Nested
-		@DisplayName("a calculator")
-		inner class Calculator {
+class SpecificationLikeTests {
 
-			val calculator = SampleCalculator()
-	
-			@Test
-			fun `should return the result of adding the first number to the second number`() {
-				val sum = calculator.sum(2, 4)
-				assertEquals(6, sum)
-			}
-	
-			@Test
-			fun `should return the result of subtracting the second number from the first number`() {
-				val subtract = calculator.subtract(4, 2)
-				assertEquals(2, subtract)
-			}
-		}
-	}
+  @Nested
+  @DisplayName("a calculator")
+  inner class Calculator {
+     val calculator = SampleCalculator()
+
+     @Test
+     fun `should return the result of adding the first number to the second number`() {
+        val sum = calculator.sum(2, 4)
+        assertEquals(6, sum)
+     }
+
+     @Test
+     fun `should return the result of subtracting the second number from the first number`() {
+        val subtract = calculator.subtract(4, 2)
+        assertEquals(2, subtract)
+     }
+  }
+}
 ----
 
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/languages/kotlin/web.adoc

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 [[kotlin-web]]
 = Web
 
+
+
 [[router-dsl]]
 == Router DSL
 
@@ -14,27 +16,27 @@ These DSL let you write clean and idiomatic Kotlin code to build a `RouterFuncti
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-	@Configuration
-	class RouterRouterConfiguration {
-	
-		@Bean
-		fun mainRouter(userHandler: UserHandler) = router {
-			accept(TEXT_HTML).nest {
-				GET("/") { ok().render("index") }
-				GET("/sse") { ok().render("sse") }
-				GET("/users", userHandler::findAllView)
-			}
-			"/api".nest {
-				accept(APPLICATION_JSON).nest {
-					GET("/users", userHandler::findAll)
-				}
-				accept(TEXT_EVENT_STREAM).nest {
-					GET("/users", userHandler::stream)
-				}
-			}
-			resources("/**", ClassPathResource("static/"))
+@Configuration
+class RouterRouterConfiguration {
+
+	@Bean
+	fun mainRouter(userHandler: UserHandler) = router {
+		accept(TEXT_HTML).nest {
+			GET("/") { ok().render("index") }
+			GET("/sse") { ok().render("sse") }
+			GET("/users", userHandler::findAllView)
 		}
+		"/api".nest {
+			accept(APPLICATION_JSON).nest {
+				GET("/users", userHandler::findAll)
+			}
+			accept(TEXT_EVENT_STREAM).nest {
+				GET("/users", userHandler::stream)
+			}
+		}
+		resources("/**", ClassPathResource("static/"))
 	}
+}
 ----
 
 NOTE: This DSL is programmatic, meaning that it allows custom registration logic of beans
@@ -53,33 +55,86 @@ idiomatic Kotlin API and to allow better discoverability (no usage of static met
 
 [source,kotlin,indent=0]
 ----
-	val mockMvc: MockMvc = ...
-	mockMvc.get("/person/{name}", "Lee") {
-		secure = true
-		accept = APPLICATION_JSON
-		headers {
-			contentLanguage = Locale.FRANCE
-		}
-		principal = Principal { "foo" }
-	}.andExpect {
-		status { isOk }
-		content { contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) }
-		jsonPath("$.name") { value("Lee") }
-		content { json("""{"someBoolean": false}""", false) }
-	}.andDo {
-		print()
+val mockMvc: MockMvc = ...
+mockMvc.get("/person/{name}", "Lee") {
+	secure = true
+	accept = APPLICATION_JSON
+	headers {
+		contentLanguage = Locale.FRANCE
 	}
+	principal = Principal { "foo" }
+}.andExpect {
+	status { isOk }
+	content { contentType(APPLICATION_JSON) }
+	jsonPath("$.name") { value("Lee") }
+	content { json("""{"someBoolean": false}""", false) }
+}.andDo {
+	print()
+}
 ----
 
 
 
+[[kotlin-script-templates]]
+== Kotlin Script Templates
+
+Spring Framework provides a
+{spring-framework-api}/web/servlet/view/script/ScriptTemplateView.html[`ScriptTemplateView`]
+which supports {JSR}223[JSR-223] to render templates by using script engines.
+
+By leveraging `scripting-jsr223` dependencies, it
+is possible to use such feature to render Kotlin-based templates with
+{kotlin-github-org}/kotlinx.html[kotlinx.html] DSL or Kotlin multiline interpolated `String`.
+
+`build.gradle.kts`
+[source,kotlin,indent=0]
+----
+dependencies {
+        runtime("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-scripting-jsr223:${kotlinVersion}")
+}
+----
+
+Configuration is usually done with `ScriptTemplateConfigurer` and `ScriptTemplateViewResolver` beans.
+
+`KotlinScriptConfiguration.kt`
+[source,kotlin,indent=0]
+----
+@Configuration
+class KotlinScriptConfiguration {
+
+    @Bean
+	fun kotlinScriptConfigurer() = ScriptTemplateConfigurer().apply {
+		engineName = "kotlin"
+		setScripts("scripts/render.kts")
+		renderFunction = "render"
+		isSharedEngine = false
+	}
+
+    @Bean
+    fun kotlinScriptViewResolver() = ScriptTemplateViewResolver().apply {
+        setPrefix("templates/")
+        setSuffix(".kts")
+    }
+}
+----
+
+See the https://github.com/sdeleuze/kotlin-script-templating[kotlin-script-templating] example
+project for more details.
+
+
+
 [[kotlin-multiplatform-serialization]]
 == Kotlin multiplatform serialization
 
 {kotlin-github-org}/kotlinx.serialization[Kotlin multiplatform serialization] is
-supported in Spring MVC, Spring WebFlux and Spring Messaging (RSocket). The builtin support currently targets CBOR, JSON,
-and ProtoBuf formats.
+supported in Spring MVC, Spring WebFlux and Spring Messaging (RSocket). The builtin support currently targets CBOR, JSON, and ProtoBuf formats.
+
+To enable it, follow {kotlin-github-org}/kotlinx.serialization#setup[those instructions] to add the related dependency and plugin.
+With Spring MVC and WebFlux, both Kotlin serialization and Jackson will be configured by default if they are in the classpath since
+Kotlin serialization is designed to serialize only Kotlin classes annotated with `@Serializable`.
+With Spring Messaging (RSocket), make sure that neither Jackson, GSON or JSONB are in the classpath if you want automatic configuration,
+if Jackson is needed configure `KotlinSerializationJsonMessageConverter` manually.
+
+
+
 
-To enable it, follow {kotlin-github-org}/kotlinx.serialization#setup[those instructions] to add the related dependencies
-and plugin. With Spring MVC and WebFlux, Kotlin serialization is configured by default if it is in the classpath and
-other variants like Jackson are not. If needed, configure the converters or codecs manually.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc

@@ -171,9 +171,9 @@ the parameters of a test class constructor are autowired from components in the
 
 If `@TestConstructor` is not present or meta-present on a test class, the default _test
 constructor autowire mode_ will be used. See the tip below for details on how to change
-the default mode. Note, however, that a local declaration of `@Autowired` or
-`@jakarta.inject.Inject` on a constructor takes precedence over both `@TestConstructor`
-and the default mode.
+the default mode. Note, however, that a local declaration of `@Autowired`,
+`@jakarta.inject.Inject`, or `@javax.inject.Inject` on a constructor takes precedence
+over both `@TestConstructor` and the default mode.
 
 .Changing the default test constructor autowire mode
 [TIP]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-mockitobean.adoc

@@ -47,21 +47,6 @@ the same bean in several test classes, make sure to name the fields consistently
 creating unnecessary contexts.
 ====
 
-[WARNING]
-====
-Using `@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` in conjunction with `@ContextHierarchy` can
-lead to undesirable results since each `@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` will be
-applied to all context hierarchy levels by default. To ensure that a particular
-`@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` is applied to a single context hierarchy level, set
-the `contextName` attribute to match a configured `@ContextConfiguration` name – for
-example, `@MockitoBean(contextName = "app-config")` or
-`@MockitoSpyBean(contextName = "app-config")`.
-
-See
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/hierarchies.adoc#testcontext-ctx-management-ctx-hierarchies-with-bean-overrides[context
-hierarchies with bean overrides] for further details and examples.
-====
-
 Each annotation also defines Mockito-specific attributes to fine-tune the mocking behavior.
 
 The `@MockitoBean` annotation uses the `REPLACE_OR_CREATE`

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-testbean.adoc

@@ -31,19 +31,6 @@ same bean in several tests, make sure to name the field consistently to avoid cr
 unnecessary contexts.
 ====
 
-[WARNING]
-====
-Using `@TestBean` in conjunction with `@ContextHierarchy` can lead to undesirable results
-since each `@TestBean` will be applied to all context hierarchy levels by default. To
-ensure that a particular `@TestBean` is applied to a single context hierarchy level, set
-the `contextName` attribute to match a configured `@ContextConfiguration` name – for
-example, `@TestBean(contextName = "app-config")`.
-
-See
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/hierarchies.adoc#testcontext-ctx-management-ctx-hierarchies-with-bean-overrides[context
-hierarchies with bean overrides] for further details and examples.
-====
-
 [NOTE]
 ====
 There are no restrictions on the visibility of `@TestBean` fields or factory methods.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/mockmvc/hamcrest/async-requests.adoc

@@ -26,16 +26,16 @@ Java::
 
 	@Test
 	void test() throws Exception {
-		MvcResult mvcResult = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/path"))
-				.andExpect(status().isOk()) <1>
-				.andExpect(request().asyncStarted()) <2>
-				.andExpect(request().asyncResult("body")) <3>
-				.andReturn();
+        MvcResult mvcResult = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/path"))
+                .andExpect(status().isOk()) <1>
+                .andExpect(request().asyncStarted()) <2>
+                .andExpect(request().asyncResult("body")) <3>
+                .andReturn();
 
-		this.mockMvc.perform(asyncDispatch(mvcResult)) <4>
-				.andExpect(status().isOk()) <5>
-				.andExpect(content().string("body"));
-	}
+        this.mockMvc.perform(asyncDispatch(mvcResult)) <4>
+                .andExpect(status().isOk()) <5>
+                .andExpect(content().string("body"));
+    }
 ----
 <1> Check response status is still unchanged
 <2> Async processing must have started

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/caching.adoc

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 Once the TestContext framework loads an `ApplicationContext` (or `WebApplicationContext`)
 for a test, that context is cached and reused for all subsequent tests that declare the
 same unique context configuration within the same test suite. To understand how caching
-works, it is important to understand what is meant by "unique" and "test suite."
+works, it is important to understand what is meant by "`unique`" and "`test suite.`"
 
 An `ApplicationContext` can be uniquely identified by the combination of configuration
 parameters that is used to load it. Consequently, the unique combination of configuration
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ framework uses the following configuration parameters to build the context cache
 * `classes` (from `@ContextConfiguration`)
 * `contextInitializerClasses` (from `@ContextConfiguration`)
 * `contextCustomizers` (from `ContextCustomizerFactory`) – this includes
-  `@DynamicPropertySource` methods, bean overrides (such as `@TestBean`, `@MockitoBean`,
-  `@MockitoSpyBean` etc.), as well as various features from Spring Boot's testing support.
+  `@DynamicPropertySource` methods as well as various features from Spring Boot's
+  testing support such as `@MockBean` and `@SpyBean`.
 * `contextLoader` (from `@ContextConfiguration`)
 * `parent` (from `@ContextHierarchy`)
 * `activeProfiles` (from `@ActiveProfiles`)

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/context-customizers.adoc

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [[testcontext-context-customizers]]
-= Context Configuration with Context Customizers
+= Configuration Configuration with Context Customizers
 
 A `ContextCustomizer` is responsible for customizing the supplied
 `ConfigurableApplicationContext` after bean definitions have been loaded into the context

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/hierarchies.adoc

@@ -22,19 +22,8 @@ given level in the hierarchy, the configuration resource type (that is, XML conf
 files or component classes) must be consistent. Otherwise, it is perfectly acceptable to
 have different levels in a context hierarchy configured using different resource types.
 
-[NOTE]
-====
-If you use `@DirtiesContext` in a test whose context is configured as part of a context
-hierarchy, you can use the `hierarchyMode` flag to control how the context cache is
-cleared.
-
-For further details, see the discussion of `@DirtiesContext` in
-xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-dirtiescontext.adoc[Spring Testing Annotations]
-and the {spring-framework-api}/test/annotation/DirtiesContext.html[`@DirtiesContext`] javadoc.
-====
-
-The JUnit Jupiter based examples in this section show common configuration scenarios for
-integration tests that require the use of context hierarchies.
+The remaining JUnit Jupiter based examples in this section show common configuration
+scenarios for integration tests that require the use of context hierarchies.
 
 **Single test class with context hierarchy**
 --
@@ -240,118 +229,12 @@ Kotlin::
 	class ExtendedTests : BaseTests() {}
 ----
 ======
+
+.Dirtying a context within a context hierarchy
+NOTE: If you use `@DirtiesContext` in a test whose context is configured as part of a
+context hierarchy, you can use the `hierarchyMode` flag to control how the context cache
+is cleared. For further details, see the discussion of `@DirtiesContext` in
+xref:testing/annotations/integration-spring/annotation-dirtiescontext.adoc[Spring Testing Annotations] and the
+{spring-framework-api}/test/annotation/DirtiesContext.html[`@DirtiesContext`] javadoc.
 --
 
-[[testcontext-ctx-management-ctx-hierarchies-with-bean-overrides]]
-**Context hierarchies with bean overrides**
---
-When `@ContextHierarchy` is used in conjunction with
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc[bean overrides] such as
-`@TestBean`, `@MockitoBean`, or `@MockitoSpyBean`, it may be desirable or necessary to
-have the override applied to a single level in the context hierarchy. To achieve that,
-the bean override must specify a context name that matches a name configured via the
-`name` attribute in `@ContextConfiguration`.
-
-The following test class configures the name of the second hierarchy level to be
-`"user-config"` and simultaneously specifies that the `UserService` should be wrapped in
-a Mockito spy in the context named `"user-config"`. Consequently, Spring will only
-attempt to create the spy in the `"user-config"` context and will not attempt to create
-the spy in the parent context.
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
-	@ContextHierarchy({
-		@ContextConfiguration(classes = AppConfig.class),
-		@ContextConfiguration(classes = UserConfig.class, name = "user-config")
-	})
-	class IntegrationTests {
-
-		@MockitoSpyBean(contextName = "user-config")
-		UserService userService;
-
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class)
-	@ContextHierarchy(
-		ContextConfiguration(classes = [AppConfig::class]),
-		ContextConfiguration(classes = [UserConfig::class], name = "user-config"))
-	class IntegrationTests {
-
-		@MockitoSpyBean(contextName = "user-config")
-		lateinit var userService: UserService
-
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
-
-When applying bean overrides in different levels of the context hierarchy, you may need
-to have all of the bean override instances injected into the test class in order to
-interact with them — for example, to configure stubbing for mocks. However, `@Autowired`
-will always inject a matching bean found in the lowest level of the context hierarchy.
-Thus, to inject bean override instances from specific levels in the context hierarchy,
-you need to annotate fields with appropriate bean override annotations and configure the
-name of the context level.
-
-The following test class configures the names of the hierarchy levels to be `"parent"`
-and `"child"`. It also declares two `PropertyService` fields that are configured to
-create or replace `PropertyService` beans with Mockito mocks in the respective contexts,
-named `"parent"` and `"child"`. Consequently, the mock from the `"parent"` context will
-be injected into the `propertyServiceInParent` field, and the mock from the `"child"`
-context will be injected into the `propertyServiceInChild` field.
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
-	@ContextHierarchy({
-		@ContextConfiguration(classes = ParentConfig.class, name = "parent"),
-		@ContextConfiguration(classes = ChildConfig.class, name = "child")
-	})
-	class IntegrationTests {
-
-		@MockitoBean(contextName = "parent")
-		PropertyService propertyServiceInParent;
-
-		@MockitoBean(contextName = "child")
-		PropertyService propertyServiceInChild;
-
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class)
-	@ContextHierarchy(
-		ContextConfiguration(classes = [ParentConfig::class], name = "parent"),
-		ContextConfiguration(classes = [ChildConfig::class], name = "child"))
-	class IntegrationTests {
-
-		@MockitoBean(contextName = "parent")
-		lateinit var propertyServiceInParent: PropertyService
-
-		@MockitoBean(contextName = "child")
-		lateinit var propertyServiceInChild: PropertyService
-
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
---

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/parallel-test-execution.adoc

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ Do not run tests in parallel if the tests:
 * Use Spring Framework's `@DirtiesContext` support.
 * Use Spring Framework's `@MockitoBean` or `@MockitoSpyBean` support.
 * Use Spring Boot's `@MockBean` or `@SpyBean` support.
-* Use JUnit Jupiter's `@TestMethodOrder` support or any testing framework feature that is
-  designed to ensure that test methods run in a particular order. Note, however, that
-  this does not apply if entire test classes are run in parallel.
+* Use JUnit 4's `@FixMethodOrder` support or any testing framework feature
+  that is designed to ensure that test methods run in a particular order. Note,
+  however, that this does not apply if entire test classes are run in parallel.
 * Change the state of shared services or systems such as a database, message broker,
   filesystem, and others. This applies to both embedded and external systems.
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/testcontext-framework/web-scoped-beans.adoc

@@ -96,7 +96,9 @@ Kotlin::
 The following code snippet is similar to the one we saw earlier for a request-scoped
 bean. However, this time, the `userService` bean has a dependency on a session-scoped
 `userPreferences` bean. Note that the `UserPreferences` bean is instantiated by using a
-SpEL expression that retrieves an attribute from the current HTTP session.
+SpEL expression that retrieves the theme from the current HTTP session. In our test, we
+need to configure a theme in the mock session managed by the TestContext framework. The
+following example shows how to do so:
 
 .Session-scoped bean configuration
 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/unit.adoc

@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ out-of-container tests for code that depends on environment-specific properties.
 The `org.springframework.mock.web` package contains a comprehensive set of Servlet API
 mock objects that are useful for testing web contexts, controllers, and filters. These
 mock objects are targeted at usage with Spring's Web MVC framework and are generally more
-convenient to use than dynamic mock objects (such as https://easymock.org/[EasyMock]).
+convenient to use than dynamic mock objects (such as https://easymock.org/[EasyMock])
+or alternative Servlet API mock objects (such as http://www.mockobjects.com[MockObjects]).
 
 TIP: Since Spring Framework 6.0, the mock objects in `org.springframework.mock.web` are
 based on the Servlet 6.0 API.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/testing/webtestclient.adoc

@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	import org.springframework.test.web.reactive.server.expectBody
+    import org.springframework.test.web.reactive.server.expectBody
 
 	client.get().uri("/persons/1")
 			.exchange()

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-functional.adoc

@@ -804,7 +804,8 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	ClassPathResource index = new ClassPathResource("static/index.html");
-	RequestPredicate spaPredicate = path("/api/**").or(path("/error")).negate();
+	List<String> extensions = List.of("js", "css", "ico", "png", "jpg", "gif");
+	RequestPredicate spaPredicate = path("/api/**").or(path("/error")).or(pathExtension(extensions::contains)).negate();
 	RouterFunction<ServerResponse> redirectToIndex = route()
 		.resource(spaPredicate, index)
 		.build();
@@ -816,7 +817,9 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 	val redirectToIndex = router {
 		val index = ClassPathResource("static/index.html")
-		val spaPredicate = !(path("/api/**") or path("/error"))
+		val extensions = listOf("js", "css", "ico", "png", "jpg", "gif")
+		val spaPredicate = !(path("/api/**") or path("/error") or
+			pathExtension(extensions::contains))
 		resource(spaPredicate, index)
 	}
 ----

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-view.adoc

@@ -225,9 +225,9 @@ The following table shows the templating libraries that we have tested on differ
 |Scripting Library |Scripting Engine
 |https://handlebarsjs.com/[Handlebars] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
 |https://mustache.github.io/[Mustache] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://react.dev/[React] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://ejs.co/[EJS] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/ERB.html[ERB] |https://www.jruby.org[JRuby]
+|https://facebook.github.io/react/[React] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
+|https://www.embeddedjs.com/[EJS] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
+|https://www.stuartellis.name/articles/erb/[ERB] |https://www.jruby.org[JRuby]
 |https://docs.python.org/2/library/string.html#template-strings[String templates] |https://www.jython.org/[Jython]
 |https://github.com/sdeleuze/kotlin-script-templating[Kotlin Script templating] |{kotlin-site}[Kotlin]
 |===
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	@GetMapping
 	FragmentsRendering handle() {
-		return FragmentsRendering.fragment("posts").fragment("comments").build();
+		return FragmentsRendering.with("posts").fragment("comments").build();
 	}
 ----
 
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 	@GetMapping
 	fun handle(): FragmentsRendering {
-		return FragmentsRendering.fragment("posts").fragment("comments").build()
+		return FragmentsRendering.with("posts").fragment("comments").build()
 	}
 ----
 ======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-webclient/client-body.adoc

@@ -306,34 +306,34 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	Resource resource = ...
-	Mono<String> result = webClient
-		.post()
-		.uri("https://example.com")
-		.body(Flux.concat(
-				FormPartEvent.create("field", "field value"),
-				FilePartEvent.create("file", resource)
-		), PartEvent.class)
-		.retrieve()
-		.bodyToMono(String.class);
+Resource resource = ...
+Mono<String> result = webClient
+    .post()
+    .uri("https://example.com")
+    .body(Flux.concat(
+            FormPartEvent.create("field", "field value"),
+            FilePartEvent.create("file", resource)
+    ), PartEvent.class)
+    .retrieve()
+    .bodyToMono(String.class);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	var resource: Resource = ...
-	var result: Mono<String> = webClient
-		.post()
-		.uri("https://example.com")
-		.body(
-			Flux.concat(
-				FormPartEvent.create("field", "field value"),
-				FilePartEvent.create("file", resource)
-			)
+var resource: Resource = ...
+var result: Mono<String> = webClient
+	.post()
+	.uri("https://example.com")
+	.body(
+		Flux.concat(
+			FormPartEvent.create("field", "field value"),
+			FilePartEvent.create("file", resource)
 		)
-		.retrieve()
-		.bodyToMono()
+	)
+	.retrieve()
+	.bodyToMono()
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-webclient/client-builder.adoc

@@ -390,29 +390,29 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
-		.followRedirects(Redirect.NORMAL)
-		.connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
-		.build();
+    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
+        .followRedirects(Redirect.NORMAL)
+        .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
+        .build();
 
-	ClientHttpConnector connector =
-			new JdkClientHttpConnector(httpClient, new DefaultDataBufferFactory());
+    ClientHttpConnector connector =
+            new JdkClientHttpConnector(httpClient, new DefaultDataBufferFactory());
 
-	WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder().clientConnector(connector).build();
+    WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder().clientConnector(connector).build();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
-		.followRedirects(Redirect.NORMAL)
-		.connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
-		.build()
+    val httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
+        .followRedirects(Redirect.NORMAL)
+        .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))
+        .build()
 
-	val connector = JdkClientHttpConnector(httpClient, DefaultDataBufferFactory())
+    val connector = JdkClientHttpConnector(httpClient, DefaultDataBufferFactory())
 
-	val webClient = WebClient.builder().clientConnector(connector).build()
+    val webClient = WebClient.builder().clientConnector(connector).build()
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-webclient/client-filter.adoc

@@ -158,65 +158,65 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	public class MultipartExchangeFilterFunction implements ExchangeFilterFunction {
-	
-		@Override
-		public Mono<ClientResponse> filter(ClientRequest request, ExchangeFunction next) {
-			if (MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA.includes(request.headers().getContentType())
-					&& (request.method() == HttpMethod.PUT || request.method() == HttpMethod.POST)) {
-				return next.exchange(ClientRequest.from(request).body((outputMessage, context) ->
-					request.body().insert(new BufferingDecorator(outputMessage), context)).build()
-				);
-			} else {
-				return next.exchange(request);
-			}
-		}
-	
-		private static final class BufferingDecorator extends ClientHttpRequestDecorator {
-	
-			private BufferingDecorator(ClientHttpRequest delegate) {
-				super(delegate);
-			}
-	
-			@Override
-			public Mono<Void> writeWith(Publisher<? extends DataBuffer> body) {
-				return DataBufferUtils.join(body).flatMap(buffer -> {
-					getHeaders().setContentLength(buffer.readableByteCount());
-					return super.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
-				});
-			}
-		}
-	}
+public class MultipartExchangeFilterFunction implements ExchangeFilterFunction {
+
+    @Override
+    public Mono<ClientResponse> filter(ClientRequest request, ExchangeFunction next) {
+        if (MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA.includes(request.headers().getContentType())
+                && (request.method() == HttpMethod.PUT || request.method() == HttpMethod.POST)) {
+            return next.exchange(ClientRequest.from(request).body((outputMessage, context) ->
+                request.body().insert(new BufferingDecorator(outputMessage), context)).build()
+            );
+        } else {
+            return next.exchange(request);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class BufferingDecorator extends ClientHttpRequestDecorator {
+
+        private BufferingDecorator(ClientHttpRequest delegate) {
+            super(delegate);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Mono<Void> writeWith(Publisher<? extends DataBuffer> body) {
+            return DataBufferUtils.join(body).flatMap(buffer -> {
+                getHeaders().setContentLength(buffer.readableByteCount());
+                return super.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	class MultipartExchangeFilterFunction : ExchangeFilterFunction {
-	
-		override fun filter(request: ClientRequest, next: ExchangeFunction): Mono<ClientResponse> {
-			return if (MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA.includes(request.headers().getContentType())
-				&& (request.method() == HttpMethod.PUT || request.method() == HttpMethod.POST)) {
-				next.exchange(ClientRequest.from(request)
-					.body { message, context -> request.body().insert(BufferingDecorator(message), context) }
-					.build())
-			}
-			else {
-				next.exchange(request)
-			}
-	
-		}
-	
-		private class BufferingDecorator(delegate: ClientHttpRequest) : ClientHttpRequestDecorator(delegate) {
-			override fun writeWith(body: Publisher<out DataBuffer>): Mono<Void> {
-				return DataBufferUtils.join(body)
-					.flatMap {
-						headers.contentLength = it.readableByteCount().toLong()
-						super.writeWith(Mono.just(it))
-					}
-			}
-		}
-	}
+class MultipartExchangeFilterFunction : ExchangeFilterFunction {
+
+    override fun filter(request: ClientRequest, next: ExchangeFunction): Mono<ClientResponse> {
+        return if (MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA.includes(request.headers().getContentType())
+            && (request.method() == HttpMethod.PUT || request.method() == HttpMethod.POST)) {
+            next.exchange(ClientRequest.from(request)
+                .body { message, context -> request.body().insert(BufferingDecorator(message), context) }
+                .build())
+        }
+        else {
+            next.exchange(request)
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private class BufferingDecorator(delegate: ClientHttpRequest) : ClientHttpRequestDecorator(delegate) {
+        override fun writeWith(body: Publisher<out DataBuffer>): Mono<Void> {
+            return DataBufferUtils.join(body)
+                .flatMap {
+                    headers.contentLength = it.readableByteCount().toLong()
+                    super.writeWith(Mono.just(it))
+                }
+        }
+    }
+}
 ----
-======
+======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux-websocket.adoc

@@ -207,14 +207,14 @@ Kotlin::
 	class ExampleHandler : WebSocketHandler {
 
 		override fun handle(session: WebSocketSession): Mono<Void> {
-			return session.receive()			// <1>
+			return session.receive()            // <1>
 					.doOnNext {
 						// ...					// <2>
 					}
 					.concatMap {
 						// ...					// <3>
 					}
-					.then()						// <4>
+					.then()                     // <4>
 		}
 	}
 ----
@@ -268,16 +268,16 @@ Kotlin::
 
 		override fun handle(session: WebSocketSession): Mono<Void> {
 
-			val output = session.receive()						// <1>
+			val output = session.receive()                      // <1>
 					.doOnNext {
 						// ...
 					}
 					.concatMap {
 						// ...
 					}
-					.map { session.textMessage("Echo $it") }	// <2>
+					.map { session.textMessage("Echo $it") }    // <2>
 
-			return session.send(output)							// <3>
+			return session.send(output)                         // <3>
 		}
 	}
 ----

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/config.adoc

@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ Java::
 			DateTimeFormatterRegistrar registrar = new DateTimeFormatterRegistrar();
 			registrar.setUseIsoFormat(true);
 			registrar.registerFormatters(registry);
-		}
+      	}
 	}
 ----
 
@@ -647,12 +647,13 @@ For https://www.webjars.org/documentation[WebJars], versioned URLs like
 `/webjars/jquery/1.2.0/jquery.min.js` are the recommended and most efficient way to use them.
 The related resource location is configured out of the box with Spring Boot (or can be configured
 manually via `ResourceHandlerRegistry`) and does not require to add the
-`org.webjars:webjars-locator-lite` dependency.
+`org.webjars:webjars-locator-core` dependency.
 
 Version-less URLs like `/webjars/jquery/jquery.min.js` are supported through the
 `WebJarsResourceResolver` which is automatically registered when the
-`org.webjars:webjars-locator-lite` library is present on the classpath. The resolver can re-write
-URLs to include the version of the jar and can also match against incoming URLs without versions
+`org.webjars:webjars-locator-core` library is present on the classpath, at the cost of a
+classpath scanning that could slow down application startup. The resolver can re-write URLs to
+include the version of the jar and can also match against incoming URLs without versions
 -- for example, from `/webjars/jquery/jquery.min.js` to `/webjars/jquery/1.2.0/jquery.min.js`.
 
 TIP: The Java configuration based on `ResourceHandlerRegistry` provides further options

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/controller/ann-methods/modelattrib-method-args.adoc

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	class Account {
 
-		private final String firstName;
+	    private final String firstName;
 
 		public Account(@BindParam("first-name") String firstName) {
 			this.firstName = firstName;

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/controller/ann-modelattrib-methods.adoc

@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ Java::
 ----
 	@ModelAttribute
 	public void addAccount(@RequestParam String number) {
-		Mono<Account> accountMono = accountRepository.findAccount(number);
-		model.addAttribute("account", accountMono);
+	    Mono<Account> accountMono = accountRepository.findAccount(number);
+	    model.addAttribute("account", accountMono);
 	}
 
 	@PostMapping("/accounts")

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/controller/ann-validation.adoc

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ locale and language specific resource bundles.
 For further custom handling of method validation errors, you can extend
 `ResponseEntityExceptionHandler` or use an `@ExceptionHandler` method in a controller
 or in a `@ControllerAdvice`, and handle `HandlerMethodValidationException` directly.
-The exception contains a list of ``ParameterValidationResult``s that group validation errors
+The exception contains a list of``ParameterValidationResult``s that group validation errors
 by method parameter. You can either iterate over those, or provide a visitor with callback
 methods by controller method parameter type:
 
@@ -104,21 +104,21 @@ Kotlin::
 
 		override fun requestHeader(requestHeader: RequestHeader, result: ParameterValidationResult) {
 				// ...
-		}
+        }
 
 		override fun requestParam(requestParam: RequestParam?, result: ParameterValidationResult) {
 				// ...
-		}
+        }
 
 		override fun modelAttribute(modelAttribute: ModelAttribute?, errors: ParameterErrors) {
 				// ...
-		}
+        }
 
 		// ...
 
 		override fun other(result: ParameterValidationResult) {
 				// ...
-		}
+        }
 	})
 ----
 ======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webflux/reactive-spring.adoc

@@ -782,8 +782,8 @@ Java::
 ----
 	WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder()
 			.codecs(configurer -> {
-				CustomDecoder decoder = new CustomDecoder();
-				configurer.customCodecs().registerWithDefaultConfig(decoder);
+					CustomDecoder decoder = new CustomDecoder();
+                    configurer.customCodecs().registerWithDefaultConfig(decoder);
 			})
 			.build();
 ----
@@ -794,8 +794,8 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 	val webClient = WebClient.builder()
 			.codecs({ configurer ->
-				val decoder = CustomDecoder()
-				configurer.customCodecs().registerWithDefaultConfig(decoder)
+					val decoder = CustomDecoder()
+            		configurer.customCodecs().registerWithDefaultConfig(decoder)
 			 })
 			.build()
 ----

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc-functional.adoc

@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ ServerResponse.async(asyncResponse);
 ----
 ======
 
-https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/server-sent-events.html[Server-Sent Events] can be provided via the
+https://www.w3.org/TR/eventsource/[Server-Sent Events] can be provided via the
 static `sse` method on `ServerResponse`. The builder provided by that method
 allows you to send Strings, or other objects as JSON. For example:
 
@@ -781,9 +781,9 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	ClassPathResource index = new ClassPathResource("static/index.html");
+    ClassPathResource index = new ClassPathResource("static/index.html");
 	List<String> extensions = List.of("js", "css", "ico", "png", "jpg", "gif");
-	RequestPredicate spaPredicate = path("/api/**").or(path("/error")).negate();
+	RequestPredicate spaPredicate = path("/api/**").or(path("/error")).or(pathExtension(extensions::contains)).negate();
 	RouterFunction<ServerResponse> redirectToIndex = route()
 		.resource(spaPredicate, index)
 		.build();
@@ -793,9 +793,11 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val redirectToIndex = router {
+    val redirectToIndex = router {
 		val index = ClassPathResource("static/index.html")
-		val spaPredicate = !(path("/api/**") or path("/error"))
+		val extensions = listOf("js", "css", "ico", "png", "jpg", "gif")
+		val spaPredicate = !(path("/api/**") or path("/error") or
+			pathExtension(extensions::contains))
 		resource(spaPredicate, index)
 	}
 ----
@@ -812,16 +814,16 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	Resource location = new FileUrlResource("public-resources/");
-	RouterFunction<ServerResponse> resources = RouterFunctions.resources("/resources/**", location);
+    Resource location = new FileUrlResource("public-resources/");
+    RouterFunction<ServerResponse> resources = RouterFunctions.resources("/resources/**", location);
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val location = FileUrlResource("public-resources/")
-	val resources = router { resources("/resources/**", location) }
+    val location = FileUrlResource("public-resources/")
+    val resources = router { resources("/resources/**", location) }
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc-view/mvc-fragments.adoc

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	@GetMapping
 	FragmentsRendering handle() {
-		return FragmentsRendering.fragment("posts").fragment("comments").build();
+		return FragmentsRendering.with("posts").fragment("comments").build();
 	}
 ----
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 	@GetMapping
 	fun handle(): FragmentsRendering {
-		return FragmentsRendering.fragment("posts").fragment("comments").build()
+		return FragmentsRendering.with("posts").fragment("comments").build()
 	}
 ----
 ======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc-view/mvc-script.adoc

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ templating libraries on different script engines:
 |Scripting Library |Scripting Engine
 |https://handlebarsjs.com/[Handlebars] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
 |https://mustache.github.io/[Mustache] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://react.dev/[React] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://ejs.co/[EJS] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
-|https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/ERB.html[ERB] |https://www.jruby.org[JRuby]
+|https://facebook.github.io/react/[React] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
+|https://www.embeddedjs.com/[EJS] |https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/[Nashorn]
+|https://www.stuartellis.name/articles/erb/[ERB] |https://www.jruby.org[JRuby]
 |https://docs.python.org/2/library/string.html#template-strings[String templates] |https://www.jython.org/[Jython]
 |https://github.com/sdeleuze/kotlin-script-templating[Kotlin Script templating] |{kotlin-site}[Kotlin]
 |===

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/filters.adoc

@@ -118,12 +118,12 @@ See the sections on xref:web/webmvc-cors.adoc[CORS] and the xref:web/webmvc-cors
 [.small]#xref:web/webflux/reactive-spring.adoc#filters.url-handler[See equivalent in the Reactive stack]#
 
 In previous Spring Framework versions, Spring MVC could be configured to ignore trailing slashes in URL paths
-when mapping incoming requests on controller methods. This means that sending a "GET /home/" request would be
-handled by a controller method annotated with `@GetMapping("/home")`.
+when mapping incoming requests on controller methods. This could be done by enabling the `setUseTrailingSlashMatch`
+option on the `PathMatchConfigurer`. This means that sending a "GET /home/" request would be handled by a controller
+method annotated with `@GetMapping("/home")`.
 
-This option was deprecated in 6.0 and removed in 7.0, but applications are still expected to handle such
-requests in a safe way. The `UrlHandlerFilter` Servlet filter has been designed for this purpose.
-It can be configured to:
+This option has been retired, but applications are still expected to handle such requests in a safe way.
+The `UrlHandlerFilter` Servlet filter has been designed for this purpose. It can be configured to:
 
 * respond with an HTTP redirect status when receiving URLs with trailing slashes, sending browsers to the non-trailing slash URL variant.
 * wrap the request to act as if the request was sent without a trailing slash and continue the processing of the request.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/message-converters.adoc

@@ -54,11 +54,6 @@ You can customize XML mapping as needed through the use of JAXB or Jackson's pro
 When you need further control (for cases where custom XML serializers/deserializers need to be provided for specific types), you can inject a custom `XmlMapper` through the `ObjectMapper` property.
 By default, this converter supports `application/xml`. This requires the `com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-xml` dependency.
 
-| `KotlinSerializationJsonHttpMessageConverter`
-| An `HttpMessageConverter` implementation that can read and write JSON using `kotlinx.serialization`.
-This converter is not configured by default, as this conflicts with Jackson.
-Developers must configure it as an additional converter ahead of the Jackson one.
-
 | `MappingJackson2CborHttpMessageConverter`
 | `com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-cbor`
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-ann-async.adoc

@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ invokes the configured exception resolvers and completes the request.
 === SSE
 
 `SseEmitter` (a subclass of `ResponseBodyEmitter`) provides support for
-https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/server-sent-events.html[Server-Sent Events], where events sent from the server
+https://www.w3.org/TR/eventsource/[Server-Sent Events], where events sent from the server
 are formatted according to the W3C SSE specification. To produce an SSE
 stream from a controller, return `SseEmitter`, as the following example shows:
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-config/enable.adoc

@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@ You can use the `@EnableWebMvc` annotation to enable MVC configuration with prog
 
 include-code::./WebConfiguration[tag=snippet,indent=0]
 
-WARNING: As of 7.0, support for the XML configuration namespace for Spring MVC has been deprecated.
-There are no plans yet for removing it completely but XML configuration will not be updated to follow
-the Java configuration model.
-
 NOTE: When using Spring Boot, you may want to use `@Configuration` classes of type `WebMvcConfigurer` but without `@EnableWebMvc` to keep Spring Boot MVC customizations. See more details in xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/customize.adoc[the MVC Config API section] and in {spring-boot-docs-ref}/web/servlet.html#web.servlet.spring-mvc.auto-configuration[the dedicated Spring Boot documentation].
 
 The preceding example registers a number of Spring MVC

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-config/static-resources.adoc

@@ -48,12 +48,13 @@ For https://www.webjars.org/documentation[WebJars], versioned URLs like
 `/webjars/jquery/1.2.0/jquery.min.js` are the recommended and most efficient way to use them.
 The related resource location is configured out of the box with Spring Boot (or can be configured
 manually via `ResourceHandlerRegistry`) and does not require to add the
-`org.webjars:webjars-locator-lite` dependency.
+`org.webjars:webjars-locator-core` dependency.
 
 Version-less URLs like `/webjars/jquery/jquery.min.js` are supported through the
 `WebJarsResourceResolver` which is automatically registered when the
-`org.webjars:webjars-locator-lite` library is present on the classpath. The resolver can re-write
-URLs to include the version of the jar and can also match against incoming URLs without versions
+`org.webjars:webjars-locator-core` library is present on the classpath, at the cost of a
+classpath scanning that could slow down application startup. The resolver can re-write URLs to
+include the version of the jar and can also match against incoming URLs without versions
 -- for example, from `/webjars/jquery/jquery.min.js` to `/webjars/jquery/1.2.0/jquery.min.js`.
 
 TIP: The Java configuration based on `ResourceHandlerRegistry` provides further options

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/arguments.adoc

@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ and others) and is equivalent to `required=false`.
 
 | `jakarta.servlet.http.PushBuilder`
 | Servlet 4.0 push builder API for programmatic HTTP/2 resource pushes.
-  Note that this API has been deprecated as of Servlet 6.1.
+  Note that, per the Servlet specification, the injected `PushBuilder` instance can be null if the client
+  does not support that HTTP/2 feature.
 
 | `java.security.Principal`
 | Currently authenticated user -- possibly a specific `Principal` implementation class if known.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/matrix-variables.adoc

@@ -157,7 +157,9 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-Note that you need to enable the use of matrix variables. In the MVC XML namespace, you can set
+Note that you need to enable the use of matrix variables. In the MVC Java configuration,
+you need to set a `UrlPathHelper` with `removeSemicolonContent=false` through
+xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/path-matching.adoc[Path Matching]. In the MVC XML namespace, you can set
 `<mvc:annotation-driven enable-matrix-variables="true"/>`.
 
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/modelattrib-method-args.adoc

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	class Account {
 
-		private final String firstName;
+	    private final String firstName;
 
 		public Account(@BindParam("first-name") String firstName) {
 			this.firstName = firstName;

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-requestmapping.adoc

@@ -248,6 +248,36 @@ specific than other pattern that do not have double wildcards.
 For the full details, follow the above links to the pattern Comparators.
 
 
+[[mvc-ann-requestmapping-suffix-pattern-match]]
+== Suffix Match
+
+Starting in 5.3, by default Spring MVC no longer performs `.{asterisk}` suffix pattern
+matching where a controller mapped to `/person` is also implicitly mapped to
+`/person.{asterisk}`. As a consequence path extensions are no longer used to interpret
+the requested content type for the response -- for example, `/person.pdf`, `/person.xml`,
+and so on.
+
+Using file extensions in this way was necessary when browsers used to send `Accept` headers
+that were hard to interpret consistently. At present, that is no longer a necessity and
+using the `Accept` header should be the preferred choice.
+
+Over time, the use of file name extensions has proven problematic in a variety of ways.
+It can cause ambiguity when overlain with the use of URI variables, path parameters, and
+URI encoding. Reasoning about URL-based authorization
+and security (see next section for more details) also becomes more difficult.
+
+To completely disable the use of path extensions in versions prior to 5.3, set the following:
+
+* `useSuffixPatternMatching(false)`, see xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/path-matching.adoc[PathMatchConfigurer]
+* `favorPathExtension(false)`, see xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/content-negotiation.adoc[ContentNegotiationConfigurer]
+
+Having a way to request content types other than through the `"Accept"` header can still
+be useful, for example, when typing a URL in a browser. A safe alternative to path extensions is
+to use the query parameter strategy. If you must use file extensions, consider restricting
+them to a list of explicitly registered extensions through the `mediaTypes` property of
+xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/content-negotiation.adoc[ContentNegotiationConfigurer].
+
+
 [[mvc-ann-requestmapping-rfd]]
 == Suffix Match and RFD
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-validation.adoc

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ locale and language specific resource bundles.
 For further custom handling of method validation errors, you can extend
 `ResponseEntityExceptionHandler` or use an `@ExceptionHandler` method in a controller
 or in a `@ControllerAdvice`, and handle `HandlerMethodValidationException` directly.
-The exception contains a list of ``ParameterValidationResult``s that group validation errors
+The exception contains a list of``ParameterValidationResult``s that group validation errors
 by method parameter. You can either iterate over those, or provide a visitor with callback
 methods by controller method parameter type:
 
@@ -73,12 +73,12 @@ Java::
 
 		@Override
 		public void requestHeader(RequestHeader requestHeader, ParameterValidationResult result) {
-			// ...
+				// ...
 		}
 
 		@Override
 		public void requestParam(@Nullable RequestParam requestParam, ParameterValidationResult result) {
-			// ...
+				// ...
 		}
 
 		@Override
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ Java::
 
 		@Override
 		public void other(ParameterValidationResult result) {
-			// ...
+				// ...
 		}
 	});
 ----
@@ -103,22 +103,22 @@ Kotlin::
 	ex.visitResults(object : HandlerMethodValidationException.Visitor {
 
 		override fun requestHeader(requestHeader: RequestHeader, result: ParameterValidationResult) {
-			// ...
-		}
+				// ...
+        }
 
 		override fun requestParam(requestParam: RequestParam?, result: ParameterValidationResult) {
-			// ...
-		}
+				// ...
+        }
 
 		override fun modelAttribute(modelAttribute: ModelAttribute?, errors: ParameterErrors) {
-			// ...
-		}
+				// ...
+        }
 
 		// ...
 
 		override fun other(result: ParameterValidationResult) {
-			// ...
-		}
+				// ...
+        }
 	})
 ----
 ======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-http2.adoc

@@ -4,8 +4,12 @@
 
 [.small]#xref:web/webflux/http2.adoc[See equivalent in the Reactive stack]#
 
-Servlet 4 containers are required to support HTTP/2, and Spring Framework requires
-Servlet API 6.1. From a programming model perspective, there is nothing specific that
+Servlet 4 containers are required to support HTTP/2, and Spring Framework 5 is compatible
+with Servlet API 4. From a programming model perspective, there is nothing specific that
 applications need to do. However, there are considerations related to server configuration.
 For more details, see the
 {spring-framework-wiki}/HTTP-2-support[HTTP/2 wiki page].
+
+The Servlet API does expose one construct related to HTTP/2. You can use the
+`jakarta.servlet.http.PushBuilder` to proactively push resources to clients, and it
+is supported as a xref:web/webmvc/mvc-controller/ann-methods/arguments.adoc[method argument] to `@RequestMapping` methods.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-security.adoc

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ reference documentation, including:
 * {docs-spring-security}/features/exploits/csrf.html#csrf-protection[CSRF protection]
 * {docs-spring-security}/features/exploits/headers.html[Security Response Headers]
 
-https://github.com/hdiv/hdiv[HDIV] is another web security framework that integrates with Spring MVC.
+https://hdiv.org/[HDIV] is another web security framework that integrates with Spring MVC.
 
 
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/sequence.adoc

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ The `DispatcherServlet` processes requests as follows:
 * The locale resolver is bound to the request to let elements in the process
   resolve the locale to use when processing the request (rendering the view, preparing
   data, and so on). If you do not need locale resolving, you do not need the locale resolver.
+* The theme resolver is bound to the request to let elements such as views determine
+  which theme to use. If you do not use themes, you can ignore it.
 * If you specify a multipart file resolver, the request is inspected for multiparts. If
   multiparts are found, the request is wrapped in a `MultipartHttpServletRequest` for
   further processing by other elements in the process. See xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/multipart.adoc[Multipart Resolver] for further

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/special-bean-types.adoc

@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ The following table lists the special beans detected by the `DispatcherServlet`:
 | Resolve the `Locale` a client is using and possibly their time zone, in order to be able
   to offer internationalized views. See xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/localeresolver.adoc[Locale].
 
+| xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/themeresolver.adoc[`ThemeResolver`]
+| Resolve themes your web application can use -- for example, to offer personalized layouts.
+  See xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/themeresolver.adoc[Themes].
+
 | xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/multipart.adoc[`MultipartResolver`]
 | Abstraction for parsing a multi-part request (for example, browser form file upload) with
   the help of some multipart parsing library. See xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/multipart.adoc[Multipart Resolver].

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/themeresolver.adoc

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+[[mvc-themeresolver]]
+= Themes
+
+You can apply Spring Web MVC framework themes to set the overall look-and-feel of your
+application, thereby enhancing user experience. A theme is a collection of static
+resources, typically style sheets and images, that affect the visual style of the
+application.
+
+WARNING: as of 6.0 support for themes has been deprecated theme in favor of using CSS,
+and without any special support on the server side.
+
+
+[[mvc-themeresolver-defining]]
+== Defining a theme
+
+To use themes in your web application, you must set up an implementation of the
+`org.springframework.ui.context.ThemeSource` interface. The `WebApplicationContext`
+interface extends `ThemeSource` but delegates its responsibilities to a dedicated
+implementation. By default, the delegate is an
+`org.springframework.ui.context.support.ResourceBundleThemeSource` implementation that
+loads properties files from the root of the classpath. To use a custom `ThemeSource`
+implementation or to configure the base name prefix of the `ResourceBundleThemeSource`,
+you can register a bean in the application context with the reserved name, `themeSource`.
+The web application context automatically detects a bean with that name and uses it.
+
+When you use the `ResourceBundleThemeSource`, a theme is defined in a simple properties
+file. The properties file lists the resources that make up the theme, as the following example shows:
+
+[literal,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+styleSheet=/themes/cool/style.css
+background=/themes/cool/img/coolBg.jpg
+----
+
+The keys of the properties are the names that refer to the themed elements from view
+code. For a JSP, you typically do this using the `spring:theme` custom tag, which is
+very similar to the `spring:message` tag. The following JSP fragment uses the theme
+defined in the previous example to customize the look and feel:
+
+[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	<%@ taglib prefix="spring" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags"%>
+	<html>
+		<head>
+			<link rel="stylesheet" href="<spring:theme code='styleSheet'/>" type="text/css"/>
+		</head>
+		<body style="background=<spring:theme code='background'/>">
+			...
+		</body>
+	</html>
+----
+
+By default, the `ResourceBundleThemeSource` uses an empty base name prefix. As a result,
+the properties files are loaded from the root of the classpath. Thus, you would put the
+`cool.properties` theme definition in a directory at the root of the classpath (for
+example, in `/WEB-INF/classes`). The `ResourceBundleThemeSource` uses the standard Java
+resource bundle loading mechanism, allowing for full internationalization of themes. For
+example, we could have a `/WEB-INF/classes/cool_nl.properties` that references a special
+background image with Dutch text on it.
+
+
+[[mvc-themeresolver-resolving]]
+== Resolving Themes
+
+After you define themes, as described in the xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/themeresolver.adoc#mvc-themeresolver-defining[preceding section],
+you decide which theme to use. The `DispatcherServlet` looks for a bean named `themeResolver`
+to find out which `ThemeResolver` implementation to use. A theme resolver works in much the same
+way as a `LocaleResolver`. It detects the theme to use for a particular request and can also
+alter the request's theme. The following table describes the theme resolvers provided by Spring:
+
+[[mvc-theme-resolver-impls-tbl]]
+.ThemeResolver implementations
+[cols="1,4"]
+|===
+| Class | Description
+
+| `FixedThemeResolver`
+| Selects a fixed theme, set by using the `defaultThemeName` property.
+
+| `SessionThemeResolver`
+| The theme is maintained in the user's HTTP session. It needs to be set only once for
+  each session but is not persisted between sessions.
+
+| `CookieThemeResolver`
+| The selected theme is stored in a cookie on the client.
+|===
+
+Spring also provides a `ThemeChangeInterceptor` that lets theme changes on every
+request with a simple request parameter.
+
+
+

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/websocket/server.adoc

@@ -85,7 +85,10 @@ for all HTTP processing -- including WebSocket handshake and all other HTTP
 requests -- such as Spring MVC's `DispatcherServlet`.
 
 This is a significant limitation of JSR-356 that Spring's WebSocket support addresses with
-a standard `RequestUpgradeStrategy` implementation when running in a WebSocket API 2.1+ runtime.
+server-specific `RequestUpgradeStrategy` implementations even when running in a JSR-356 runtime.
+Such strategies currently exist for Tomcat, Jetty, GlassFish, WebLogic, WebSphere, and Undertow
+(and WildFly). As of Jakarta WebSocket 2.1, a standard request upgrade strategy is available
+which Spring chooses on Jakarta EE 10 based web containers such as Tomcat 10.1 and Jetty 12.
 
 A secondary consideration is that Servlet containers with JSR-356 support are expected
 to perform a `ServletContainerInitializer` (SCI) scan that can slow down application

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/web/websocket/stomp/enable.adoc

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ The following example code is based on it:
 [source,javascript,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	const stompClient = new StompJs.Client({
-		brokerURL: 'ws://domain.com/portfolio',
-		onConnect: () => {
-			// ...
-		}
-	});
+        brokerURL: 'ws://domain.com/portfolio',
+        onConnect: () => {
+            // ...
+        }
+    });
 ----
 
 Alternatively, if you connect through SockJS, you can enable the
@@ -47,3 +47,5 @@ interactive web application] -- a getting started guide.
 * https://github.com/rstoyanchev/spring-websocket-portfolio[Stock Portfolio] -- a sample
 application.
 
+
+

framework-docs/src/main/java/org/springframework/docs/core/aot/hints/testing/SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2002-2022 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.ExecutableMode;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent;
 import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.RuntimeHintsInvocations;
+import org.springframework.aot.test.agent.RuntimeHintsRecorder;
 import org.springframework.core.SpringVersion;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
@@ -32,7 +33,6 @@ import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 // method is only enabled if the RuntimeHintsAgent is loaded on the current JVM.
 // It also tags tests with the "RuntimeHints" JUnit tag.
 @EnabledIfRuntimeHintsAgent
-@SuppressWarnings("removal")
 class SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests {
 
 	@Test
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class SampleReflectionRuntimeHintsTests {
 				typeHint.withMethod("getVersion", List.of(), ExecutableMode.INVOKE));
 
 		// Invoke the relevant piece of code we want to test within a recording lambda
-		RuntimeHintsInvocations invocations = org.springframework.aot.test.agent.RuntimeHintsRecorder.record(() -> {
+		RuntimeHintsInvocations invocations = RuntimeHintsRecorder.record(() -> {
 			SampleReflection sample = new SampleReflection();
 			sample.performReflection();
 		});

framework-docs/src/main/kotlin/org/springframework/docs/core/beans/dependencies/beansfactorylazyinit/AnotherBean.kt

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.core.beans.dependencies.beansfactorylazyinit
-
-class AnotherBean {
-}

framework-docs/src/main/kotlin/org/springframework/docs/core/beans/dependencies/beansfactorylazyinit/ExpensiveToCreateBean.kt

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.core.beans.dependencies.beansfactorylazyinit
-
-class ExpensiveToCreateBean {
-}

framework-docs/src/main/kotlin/org/springframework/docs/dataaccess/jdbc/jdbccomplextypes/TestItemStoredProcedure.kt

@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ class TestItemStoredProcedure(dataSource: DataSource) : StoredProcedure(dataSour
 				cs: CallableStatement, colIndx: Int, _: Int, _: String? ->
 				val struct = cs.getObject(colIndx) as Struct
 				val attr = struct.attributes
-				TestItem(
-					(attr[0] as Number).toLong(),
-					attr[1] as String,
-					attr[2] as Date
-				)
+				val item = TestItem()
+				item.id = (attr[0] as Number).toLong()
+				item.description = attr[1] as String
+				item.expirationDate = attr[2] as Date
+				item
 			})
 		// ...
 	}

framework-docs/src/main/kotlin/org/springframework/docs/dataaccess/jdbc/jdbcjdbctemplateidioms/CorporateEventDao.kt

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.docs.dataaccess.jdbc.jdbcjdbctemplateidioms
-
-interface CorporateEventDao {
-}