Report connection timeout as separate event (#1171)

This change is based on RFC7230, § 3.5 'Message Parsing Robustness': "Although the line terminator for the start-line and header fields is the sequence CRLF, a recipient MAY recognize a single LF as a line terminator and ignore any preceding CR."

.github/workflows/cifuzz.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+name: CIFuzz
+on: [pull_request]
+jobs:
+  Fuzzing:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Build Fuzzers
+      id: build
+      uses: google/oss-fuzz/infra/cifuzz/actions/build_fuzzers@master
+      with:
+        oss-fuzz-project-name: 'cpp-httplib'
+        dry-run: false
+        language: c++
+    - name: Run Fuzzers
+      uses: google/oss-fuzz/infra/cifuzz/actions/run_fuzzers@master
+      with:
+        oss-fuzz-project-name: 'cpp-httplib'
+        fuzz-seconds: 600
+        dry-run: false
+        language: c++
+    - name: Upload Crash
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
+      if: failure() && steps.build.outcome == 'success'
+      with:
+        name: artifacts
+        path: ./out/artifacts

.github/workflows/test.yaml

@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ jobs:
       run: brew install brotli
     - name: make
       if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
-      run: cd test && make
+      run: cd test && make -j2
     - name: check fuzz test target
       if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
-      run: cd test && make -f Makefile.fuzz_test
+      run: cd test && make fuzz_test
     - name: setup msbuild on windows
       if: matrix.os == 'windows-latest'
       uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v1.0.2

.gitignore

@@ -10,10 +10,15 @@ example/redirect
 example/sse*
 example/upload
 example/*.pem
+test/httplib.cc
+test/httplib.h
 test/test
+test/server_fuzzer
 test/test_proxy
+test/test_split
 test/test.xcodeproj/xcuser*
 test/test.xcodeproj/*/xcuser*
+test/*.o
 test/*.pem
 test/*.srl
 

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -60,27 +60,11 @@
 ]]
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14.0 FATAL_ERROR)
 
-# On systems without Git installed, there were errors since execute_process seemed to not throw an error without it?
-find_package(Git QUIET)
-if(Git_FOUND)
-	# Gets the latest tag as a string like "v0.6.6"
-	# Can silently fail if git isn't on the system
-	execute_process(COMMAND ${GIT_EXECUTABLE} describe --tags --abbrev=0
-		WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
-		OUTPUT_VARIABLE _raw_version_string
-		ERROR_VARIABLE _git_tag_error
-	)
-endif()
+# Get the user agent and use it as a version
+# This gets the string with the user agent from the header.
+# This is so the maintainer doesn't actually need to update this manually.
+file(STRINGS httplib.h _raw_version_string REGEX "User\-Agent.*cpp\-httplib/([0-9]+\.?)+")
 
-# execute_process can fail silenty, so check for an error
-# if there was an error, just use the user agent as a version
-if(_git_tag_error OR NOT Git_FOUND)
-	message(WARNING "cpp-httplib failed to find the latest Git tag, falling back to using user agent as the version.")
-	# Get the user agent and use it as a version
-	# This gets the string with the user agent from the header.
-	# This is so the maintainer doesn't actually need to update this manually.
-	file(STRINGS httplib.h _raw_version_string REGEX "User\-Agent.*cpp\-httplib/([0-9]+\.?)+")
-endif()
 # Needed since git tags have "v" prefixing them.
 # Also used if the fallback to user agent string is being used.
 string(REGEX MATCH "([0-9]+\\.?)+" _httplib_version "${_raw_version_string}")

README.md

@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ svr.set_exception_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res, std::exception &e) {
 ### Pre routing handler
 
 ```cpp
-svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res) -> bool {
+svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res) {
   if (req.path == "/hello") {
     res.set_content("world", "text/html");
     return Server::HandlerResponse::Handled;
@@ -256,6 +256,7 @@ svr.Post("/multipart", [&](const auto& req, auto& res) {
 svr.Post("/content_receiver",
   [&](const Request &req, Response &res, const ContentReader &content_reader) {
     if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
+      // NOTE: `content_reader` is blocking until every form data field is read
       MultipartFormDataItems files;
       content_reader(
         [&](const MultipartFormData &file) {
@@ -272,7 +273,6 @@ svr.Post("/content_receiver",
         body.append(data, data_length);
         return true;
       });
-      res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
     }
   });
 ```
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ Without content length:
 svr.Get("/stream", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
   res.set_content_provider(
     "text/plain", // Content type
-    [&](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) {
+    [&](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
       if (/* there is still data */) {
         std::vector<char> data;
         // prepare data...
@@ -746,13 +746,29 @@ res = cli.Get("/resource/foo", {{"Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate, br"}});
 res->body; // Compressed data
 ```
 
+Use `poll` instead of `select`
+------------------------------
+
+`select` system call is used as default since it's more widely supported. If you want to let cpp-httplib use `poll` instead, you can do so with `CPPHTTPLIB_USE_POLL`.
+
+
 Split httplib.h into .h and .cc
 -------------------------------
 
-```bash
-> python3 split.py
-> ls out
-httplib.h  httplib.cc
+```console
+$ ./split.py -h
+usage: split.py [-h] [-e EXTENSION] [-o OUT]
+
+This script splits httplib.h into .h and .cc parts.
+
+optional arguments:
+  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
+  -e EXTENSION, --extension EXTENSION
+                        extension of the implementation file (default: cc)
+  -o OUT, --out OUT     where to write the files (default: out)
+
+$ ./split.py
+Wrote out/httplib.h and out/httplib.cc
 ```
 
 NOTE
@@ -777,6 +793,8 @@ Include `httplib.h` before `Windows.h` or include `Windows.h` by defining `WIN32
 #include <httplib.h>
 ```
 
+Note: cpp-httplib officially supports only the latest Visual Studio. It might work with former versions of Visual Studio, but I can no longer verify it. Pull requests are always welcome for the older versions of Visual Studio unless they break the C++11 conformance.
+
 Note: Windows 8 or lower and Cygwin on Windows are not supported.
 
 License

example/Dockerfile.hello

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+From alpine as builder
+WORKDIR /src/example
+RUN apk add g++ make openssl-dev zlib-dev brotli-dev
+COPY ./httplib.h /src
+COPY ./example/hello.cc /src/example
+COPY ./example/Makefile /src/example
+RUN make hello
+
+From alpine
+RUN apk --no-cache add brotli libstdc++
+COPY --from=builder /src/example/hello /bin/hello
+CMD ["/bin/hello"]

example/Makefile

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
-
 #CXX = clang++
-CXXFLAGS = -std=c++11 -I.. -Wall -Wextra -pthread
+CXXFLAGS = -O2 -std=c++11 -I.. -Wall -Wextra -pthread
 
-OPENSSL_DIR = /usr/local/opt/openssl
+PREFIX = /usr/local
+#PREFIX = $(shell brew --prefix)
+
+OPENSSL_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/openssl@1.1
+#OPENSSL_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/openssl@3
 OPENSSL_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT -I$(OPENSSL_DIR)/include -L$(OPENSSL_DIR)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
 
 ZLIB_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT -lz
 
-BROTLI_DIR = /usr/local/opt/brotli
-# BROTLI_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT -I$(BROTLI_DIR)/include -L$(BROTLI_DIR)/lib -lbrotlicommon-static -lbrotlienc-static -lbrotlidec-static
+BROTLI_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/brotli
+BROTLI_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT -I$(BROTLI_DIR)/include -L$(BROTLI_DIR)/lib -lbrotlicommon -lbrotlienc -lbrotlidec
 
 all: server client hello simplecli simplesvr upload redirect ssesvr ssecli benchmark
 
@@ -47,4 +50,4 @@ pem:
 	openssl req -new -key key.pem | openssl x509 -days 3650 -req -signkey key.pem > cert.pem
 
 clean:
-	rm server client hello simplecli simplesvr upload redirect ssesvr sselci benchmark *.pem
+	rm server client hello simplecli simplesvr upload redirect ssesvr ssecli benchmark *.pem

example/hello.cc

@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ int main(void) {
     res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
   });
 
-  svr.listen("localhost", 8080);
+  svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
 }

example/uploader.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#/usr/bin/env bash
+for i in {1..10000}
+do
+  echo "#### $i ####"
+  curl -X POST -F image_file=@$1 http://localhost:1234/post > /dev/null
+done

meson.build

@@ -1,7 +1,103 @@
-project('cpp-httplib', 'cpp', license: 'MIT')
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
-cpp_httplib_dep = declare_dependency(include_directories: include_directories('.'))
+project(
+  'cpp-httplib',
+  'cpp',
+  license: 'MIT',
+  default_options: [
+    'cpp_std=c++11',
+    'buildtype=release',
+    'b_ndebug=if-release',
+    'b_lto=true',
+    'warning_level=3'
+  ],
+  meson_version: '>=0.47.0'
+)
+
+# Check just in case downstream decides to edit the source
+# and add a project version
+version = meson.project_version()
+python = import('python').find_installation('python3')
+if version == 'undefined'
+  # Meson doesn't have regular expressions, but since it is implemented
+  # in python we can be sure we can use it to parse the file manually
+  version = run_command(
+      python, '-c', 'import re; raw_version = re.search("User\-Agent.*cpp\-httplib/([0-9]+\.?)+", open("httplib.h").read()).group(0); print(re.search("([0-9]+\\.?)+", raw_version).group(0))'
+  ).stdout().strip()
+endif
+
+message('cpp-httplib version ' + version)
+
+deps = [dependency('threads')]
+args = []
+
+openssl_dep = dependency('openssl', version: ['>=1.1.1', '<1.1.2'], required: get_option('cpp-httplib_openssl'))
+if openssl_dep.found()
+  deps += openssl_dep
+  args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT'
+endif
+
+zlib_dep = dependency('zlib', required: get_option('cpp-httplib_zlib'))
+if zlib_dep.found()
+  deps += zlib_dep
+  args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT'
+endif
+
+brotli_deps = [dependency('libbrotlicommon', required: get_option('cpp-httplib_brotli'))]
+brotli_deps += dependency('libbrotlidec',    required: get_option('cpp-httplib_brotli'))
+brotli_deps += dependency('libbrotlienc',    required: get_option('cpp-httplib_brotli'))
+
+brotli_found_all = true
+foreach brotli_dep : brotli_deps
+  if not brotli_dep.found()
+    brotli_found_all = false
+  endif
+endforeach
+
+if brotli_found_all
+  deps += brotli_deps
+  args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT'
+endif
+
+cpp_httplib_dep = dependency('', required: false)
+
+if get_option('cpp-httplib_compile')
+  httplib_ch = custom_target(
+    'split',
+    input: 'httplib.h',
+    output: ['httplib.cc', 'httplib.h'],
+    command: [python, files('split.py'), '--out', meson.current_build_dir()],
+    install: true,
+    install_dir: [false, get_option('includedir')]
+  )
+  lib = library(
+    'cpp-httplib',
+    sources: httplib_ch,
+    dependencies: deps,
+    cpp_args: args,
+    version: version,
+    install: true
+  )
+  cpp_httplib_dep = declare_dependency(compile_args: args, dependencies: deps, link_with: lib, sources: httplib_ch[1])
+
+  import('pkgconfig').generate(
+    lib,
+    description: 'A C++ HTTP/HTTPS server and client library',
+    extra_cflags: args,
+    url: 'https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib',
+    version: version
+  )
+else
+  install_headers('httplib.h')
+  cpp_httplib_dep = declare_dependency(compile_args: args, dependencies: deps, include_directories: include_directories('.'))
+endif
 
 if meson.version().version_compare('>=0.54.0')
   meson.override_dependency('cpp-httplib', cpp_httplib_dep)
 endif
+
+if get_option('cpp-httplib_test')
+  subdir('test')
+endif

meson_options.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+option('cpp-httplib_openssl', type: 'feature', value: 'auto', description: 'Enable OpenSSL support')
+option('cpp-httplib_zlib',    type: 'feature', value: 'auto', description: 'Enable zlib support')
+option('cpp-httplib_brotli',  type: 'feature', value: 'auto', description: 'Enable Brotli support')
+option('cpp-httplib_compile', type: 'boolean', value: false,  description: 'Split the header into a compilable header & source file (requires Python 3)')
+option('cpp-httplib_test',    type: 'boolean', value: false,  description: 'Build tests')

split.py

@@ -1,32 +1,67 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""This script splits httplib.h into .h and .cc parts."""
+
+import argparse
 import os
 import sys
 
 border = '// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------'
 
-PythonVersion = sys.version_info[0];
+args_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+args_parser.add_argument(
+    "-e", "--extension", help="extension of the implementation file (default: cc)",
+    default="cc"
+)
+args_parser.add_argument(
+    "-o", "--out", help="where to write the files (default: out)", default="out"
+)
+args = args_parser.parse_args()
 
-with open('httplib.h') as f:
-    lines = f.readlines()
-    inImplementation = False
-    
-    if PythonVersion < 3:
-        os.makedirs('out')
+cur_dir = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
+lib_name = 'httplib'
+header_name = '/' + lib_name + '.h'
+source_name = '/' + lib_name + '.' + args.extension
+# get the input file
+in_file = cur_dir + header_name
+# get the output file
+h_out = args.out + header_name
+cc_out = args.out + source_name
+
+# if the modification time of the out file is after the in file,
+# don't split (as it is already finished)
+do_split = True
+
+if os.path.exists(h_out):
+    in_time = os.path.getmtime(in_file)
+    out_time = os.path.getmtime(h_out)
+    do_split = in_time > out_time
+
+if do_split:
+    with open(in_file) as f:
+        lines = f.readlines()
+
+    python_version = sys.version_info[0]
+    if python_version < 3:
+        os.makedirs(args.out)
     else:
-        os.makedirs('out', exist_ok=True)
-        
-    with open('out/httplib.h', 'w') as fh:
-        with open('out/httplib.cc', 'w') as fc:
-            fc.write('#include "httplib.h"\n')
-            fc.write('namespace httplib {\n')
-            for line in lines:
-                isBorderLine = border in line
-                if isBorderLine:
-                    inImplementation = not inImplementation
-                else:
-                    if inImplementation:
-                        fc.write(line.replace('inline ', ''))
-                        pass
-                    else:
-                        fh.write(line)
-                        pass
-            fc.write('} // namespace httplib\n')
+        os.makedirs(args.out, exist_ok=True)
+
+    in_implementation = False
+    cc_out = args.out + source_name
+    with open(h_out, 'w') as fh, open(cc_out, 'w') as fc:
+        fc.write('#include "httplib.h"\n')
+        fc.write('namespace httplib {\n')
+        for line in lines:
+            is_border_line = border in line
+            if is_border_line:
+                in_implementation = not in_implementation
+            elif in_implementation:
+                fc.write(line.replace('inline ', ''))
+            else:
+                fh.write(line)
+        fc.write('} // namespace httplib\n')
+
+    print("Wrote {} and {}".format(h_out, cc_out))
+else:
+    print("{} and {} are up to date".format(h_out, cc_out))

test/Makefile

@@ -1,25 +1,61 @@
-#CXX = clang++
-CXXFLAGS = -g -std=c++11 -I.. -I. -Wall -Wextra -Wtype-limits -Wconversion #-fsanitize=address
+CXX = clang++
+CXXFLAGS = -g -std=c++11 -I. -Wall -Wextra -Wtype-limits -Wconversion # -fno-exceptions -DCPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS -fsanitize=address
 
-OPENSSL_DIR = /usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1
+PREFIX = /usr/local
+#PREFIX = $(shell brew --prefix)
+
+OPENSSL_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/openssl@1.1
+#OPENSSL_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/openssl@3
 OPENSSL_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT -I$(OPENSSL_DIR)/include -L$(OPENSSL_DIR)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
 
 ZLIB_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT -lz
 
-BROTLI_DIR = /usr/local/opt/brotli
+BROTLI_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/brotli
 BROTLI_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT -I$(BROTLI_DIR)/include -L$(BROTLI_DIR)/lib -lbrotlicommon -lbrotlienc -lbrotlidec
 
-all : test
+TEST_ARGS = gtest/gtest-all.cc gtest/gtest_main.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) -pthread
+
+# By default, use standalone_fuzz_target_runner.
+# This runner does no fuzzing, but simply executes the inputs
+# provided via parameters.
+# Run e.g. "make all LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE=/path/to/libFuzzer.a"
+# to link the fuzzer(s) against a real fuzzing engine.
+# OSS-Fuzz will define its own value for LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE.
+LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE ?= standalone_fuzz_target_runner.o
+
+all : test test_split
 	./test
 
 proxy : test_proxy
 	./test_proxy
 
-test : test.cc ../httplib.h Makefile cert.pem
-	$(CXX) -o test $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc gtest/gtest-all.cc gtest/gtest_main.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) -pthread
+test : test.cc include_httplib.cc ../httplib.h Makefile cert.pem
+	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc include_httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS)
+
+# Note: The intention of test_split is to verify that it works to compile and
+# link the split httplib.h, so there is normally no need to execute it.
+test_split : test.cc ../httplib.h httplib.cc Makefile cert.pem
+	$(CXX) -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS)
 
 test_proxy : test_proxy.cc ../httplib.h Makefile cert.pem
-	$(CXX) -o test_proxy $(CXXFLAGS) test_proxy.cc gtest/gtest-all.cc gtest/gtest_main.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) -pthread
+	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test_proxy.cc $(TEST_ARGS)
+
+# Runs server_fuzzer.cc based on value of $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE).
+# Usage: make fuzz_test LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE=/path/to/libFuzzer
+fuzz_test: server_fuzzer
+	./server_fuzzer fuzzing/corpus/*
+
+# Fuzz target, so that you can choose which $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE) to use.
+server_fuzzer : fuzzing/server_fuzzer.cc ../httplib.h standalone_fuzz_target_runner.o
+	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) $< $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE) -pthread
+
+# Standalone fuzz runner, which just reads inputs from fuzzing/corpus/ dir and
+# feeds it to server_fuzzer.
+standalone_fuzz_target_runner.o : fuzzing/standalone_fuzz_target_runner.cpp
+	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) -c $<
+
+httplib.cc : ../httplib.h
+	python3 ../split.py -o .
 
 cert.pem:
 	openssl genrsa 2048 > key.pem
@@ -32,4 +68,4 @@ cert.pem:
 	#c_rehash .
 
 clean:
-	rm -f test test_proxy pem *.0 *.1 *.srl
+	rm -f test test_split test_proxy server_fuzzer *.pem *.0 *.o *.1 *.srl httplib.h httplib.cc

test/Makefile.fuzz_test

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-
-#CXX = clang++
-CXXFLAGS += -ggdb -O0 -std=c++11 -DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE -I.. -I. -Wall -Wextra -Wtype-limits -Wconversion
-
-OPENSSL_DIR = /usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1
-OPENSSL_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT -I$(OPENSSL_DIR)/include -L$(OPENSSL_DIR)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
-
-ZLIB_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT -lz
-
-BROTLI_DIR = /usr/local/opt/brotli
-BROTLI_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT -I$(BROTLI_DIR)/include -L$(BROTLI_DIR)/lib -lbrotlicommon -lbrotlienc -lbrotlidec
-
-# By default, use standalone_fuzz_target_runner.
-# This runner does no fuzzing, but simply executes the inputs
-# provided via parameters.
-# Run e.g. "make all LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE=/path/to/libFuzzer.a"
-# to link the fuzzer(s) against a real fuzzing engine.
-# OSS-Fuzz will define its own value for LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE.
-LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE ?= standalone_fuzz_target_runner.o
-
-# Runs server_fuzzer.cc based on value of $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE).
-# Usage: make fuzz_test LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE=/path/to/libFuzzer
-all fuzz_test: server_fuzzer
-	./server_fuzzer fuzzing/corpus/*
-
-# Fuzz target, so that you can choose which $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE) to use.
-server_fuzzer : fuzzing/server_fuzzer.cc ../httplib.h standalone_fuzz_target_runner.o
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $@  $< $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT)  $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE) -pthread
-
-# Standalone fuzz runner, which just reads inputs from fuzzing/corpus/ dir and
-# feeds it to server_fuzzer.
-standalone_fuzz_target_runner.o : fuzzing/standalone_fuzz_target_runner.cpp
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
-
-clean:
-	rm -f server_fuzzer pem *.0 *.o *.1 *.srl *.zip

test/fuzzing/standalone_fuzz_target_runner.cpp

@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
     std::ifstream in(argv[i]);
     in.seekg(0, in.end);
-    size_t length = in.tellg();
+    size_t length = static_cast<size_t>(in.tellg());
     in.seekg (0, in.beg);
     std::cout << "Reading " << length << " bytes from " << argv[i] << std::endl;
     // Allocate exactly length bytes so that we reliably catch buffer overflows.
     std::vector<char> bytes(length);
-    in.read(bytes.data(), bytes.size());
+    in.read(bytes.data(), static_cast<std::streamsize>(bytes.size()));
     LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(bytes.data()),
                            bytes.size());
     std::cout << "Execution successful" << std::endl;
   }
   std::cout << "Execution finished" << std::endl;
   return 0;
-}
+}

test/include_httplib.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// The sole purpose of this file is to include httplib.h in a separate
+// compilation unit, thus verifying that inline keywords have not been forgotten
+// when linked together with test.cc.
+
+#include <httplib.h>

test/meson.build

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+gtest_dep = dependency('gtest', main: true)
+openssl = find_program('openssl')
+test_conf = files('test.conf')
+
+key_pem = custom_target(
+  'key_pem',
+  output: 'key.pem',
+  command: [openssl, 'genrsa', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '2048']
+)
+
+temp_req = custom_target(
+  'temp_req',
+  input: key_pem,
+  output: 'temp_req',
+  command: [openssl, 'req', '-new', '-batch', '-config', test_conf, '-key', '@INPUT@', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
+)
+
+cert_pem = custom_target(
+  'cert_pem',
+  input: [temp_req, key_pem],
+  output: 'cert.pem',
+  command: [openssl, 'x509', '-in', '@INPUT0@', '-days', '3650', '-req', '-signkey', '@INPUT1@', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
+)
+
+cert2_pem = custom_target(
+  'cert2_pem',
+  input: key_pem,
+  output: 'cert2.pem',
+  command: [openssl, 'req', '-x509', '-config', test_conf, '-key', '@INPUT@', '-sha256', '-days', '3650', '-nodes', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '-extensions', 'SAN']
+)
+
+rootca_key_pem = custom_target(
+  'rootca_key_pem',
+  output: 'rootCA.key.pem',
+  command: [openssl, 'genrsa', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '2048']
+)
+
+rootca_cert_pem = custom_target(
+  'rootca_cert_pem',
+  input: rootca_key_pem,
+  output: 'rootCA.cert.pem',
+  command: [openssl, 'req', '-x509', '-new', '-batch', '-config', files('test.rootCA.conf'), '-key', '@INPUT@', '-days', '1024', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
+)
+
+client_key_pem = custom_target(
+  'client_key_pem',
+  output: 'client.key.pem',
+  command: [openssl, 'genrsa', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '2048']
+)
+
+client_temp_req = custom_target(
+  'client_temp_req',
+  input: client_key_pem,
+  output: 'client_temp_req',
+  command: [openssl, 'req', '-new', '-batch', '-config', test_conf, '-key', '@INPUT@', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
+)
+
+client_cert_pem = custom_target(
+  'client_cert_pem',
+  input: [client_temp_req, rootca_cert_pem, rootca_key_pem],
+  output: 'client.cert.pem',
+  command: [openssl, 'x509', '-in', '@INPUT0@', '-days', '370', '-req', '-CA', '@INPUT1@', '-CAkey', '@INPUT2@', '-CAcreateserial', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
+)
+
+# Copy test files to the build directory
+configure_file(input: 'ca-bundle.crt', output: 'ca-bundle.crt', copy: true)
+configure_file(input: 'image.jpg',     output: 'image.jpg',     copy: true)
+subdir(join_paths('www', 'dir'))
+subdir(join_paths('www2', 'dir'))
+subdir(join_paths('www3', 'dir'))
+
+test(
+  'main',
+  executable(
+    'main',
+    'test.cc',
+    dependencies: [
+      cpp_httplib_dep,
+      gtest_dep
+    ]
+  ),
+  depends: [
+    key_pem,
+    cert_pem,
+    cert2_pem,
+    rootca_key_pem,
+    rootca_cert_pem,
+    client_key_pem,
+    client_cert_pem
+  ],
+  workdir: meson.current_build_dir(),
+  timeout: 300
+)

test/test.cc

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <sstream>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <thread>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #define SERVER_CERT_FILE "./cert.pem"
 #define SERVER_CERT2_FILE "./cert2.pem"
@@ -36,8 +37,17 @@ MultipartFormData &get_file_value(MultipartFormDataItems &files,
   auto it = std::find_if(
       files.begin(), files.end(),
       [&](const MultipartFormData &file) { return file.name == key; });
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+  return *it;
+#else
   if (it != files.end()) { return *it; }
   throw std::runtime_error("invalid mulitpart form data name error");
+#endif
+}
+
+TEST(ConstructorTest, MoveConstructible) {
+  EXPECT_FALSE(std::is_copy_constructible<Client>::value);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<Client>::value);
 }
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
@@ -48,6 +58,14 @@ TEST(StartupTest, WSAStartup) {
 }
 #endif
 
+TEST(DecodeURLTest, PercentCharacter) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      detail::decode_url(
+          R"(descrip=Gastos%20%C3%A1%C3%A9%C3%AD%C3%B3%C3%BA%C3%B1%C3%91%206)",
+          false),
+      R"(descrip=Gastos áéíóúñÑ 6)");
+}
+
 TEST(EncodeQueryParamTest, ParseUnescapedChararactersTest) {
   string unescapedCharacters = "-_.!~*'()";
 
@@ -165,6 +183,12 @@ TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, RegularValue) {
   EXPECT_STREQ("text/html", val);
 }
 
+TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, RegularValueWithDifferentCase) {
+  Headers headers = {{"Content-Type", "text/html"}, {"Dummy", "Dummy"}};
+  auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "content-type", 0, "text/plain");
+  EXPECT_STREQ("text/html", val);
+}
+
 TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, SetContent) {
   Response res;
 
@@ -354,7 +378,7 @@ TEST(BufferStreamTest, read) {
   EXPECT_EQ(0, strm.read(buf, 1));
 }
 
-TEST(ChunkedEncodingTest, FromHTTPWatch) {
+TEST(ChunkedEncodingTest, FromHTTPWatch_Online) {
   auto host = "www.httpwatch.com";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -377,7 +401,32 @@ TEST(ChunkedEncodingTest, FromHTTPWatch) {
   EXPECT_EQ(out, res->body);
 }
 
-TEST(ChunkedEncodingTest, WithContentReceiver) {
+TEST(HostnameToIPConversionTest, HTTPWatch_Online) {
+  auto host = "www.httpwatch.com";
+
+  auto ip = hosted_at(host);
+  EXPECT_EQ("191.236.16.12", ip);
+
+  std::vector<std::string> addrs;
+  hosted_at(host, addrs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1u, addrs.size());
+}
+
+#if 0 // It depends on each test environment...
+TEST(HostnameToIPConversionTest, YouTube_Online) {
+  auto host = "www.youtube.com";
+
+  std::vector<std::string> addrs;
+  hosted_at(host, addrs);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(20u, addrs.size());
+
+  auto it = std::find(addrs.begin(), addrs.end(), "2607:f8b0:4006:809::200e");
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it != addrs.end());
+}
+#endif
+
+TEST(ChunkedEncodingTest, WithContentReceiver_Online) {
   auto host = "www.httpwatch.com";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -405,7 +454,7 @@ TEST(ChunkedEncodingTest, WithContentReceiver) {
   EXPECT_EQ(out, body);
 }
 
-TEST(ChunkedEncodingTest, WithResponseHandlerAndContentReceiver) {
+TEST(ChunkedEncodingTest, WithResponseHandlerAndContentReceiver_Online) {
   auto host = "www.httpwatch.com";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -437,7 +486,7 @@ TEST(ChunkedEncodingTest, WithResponseHandlerAndContentReceiver) {
   EXPECT_EQ(out, body);
 }
 
-TEST(RangeTest, FromHTTPBin) {
+TEST(RangeTest, FromHTTPBin_Online) {
   auto host = "httpbin.org";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -573,12 +622,17 @@ TEST(ConnectionErrorTest, Timeout) {
 #endif
   cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(2));
 
+  // only probe one address type so that the error reason
+  // correlates to the timed-out IPv4, not the unsupported
+  // IPv6 connection attempt
+  cli.set_address_family(AF_INET);
+
   auto res = cli.Get("/");
   ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
-  EXPECT_TRUE(res.error() == Error::Connection);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Error::ConnectionTimeout, res.error());
 }
 
-TEST(CancelTest, NoCancel) {
+TEST(CancelTest, NoCancel_Online) {
   auto host = "httpbin.org";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -596,7 +650,7 @@ TEST(CancelTest, NoCancel) {
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelSmallPayload) {
+TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelSmallPayload_Online) {
   auto host = "httpbin.org";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -613,7 +667,7 @@ TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelSmallPayload) {
   EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
 }
 
-TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelLargePayload) {
+TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelLargePayload_Online) {
   auto host = "httpbin.org";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -632,7 +686,7 @@ TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelLargePayload) {
   EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
 }
 
-TEST(BaseAuthTest, FromHTTPWatch) {
+TEST(BaseAuthTest, FromHTTPWatch_Online) {
   auto host = "httpbin.org";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -683,7 +737,7 @@ TEST(BaseAuthTest, FromHTTPWatch) {
 }
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
-TEST(DigestAuthTest, FromHTTPWatch) {
+TEST(DigestAuthTest, FromHTTPWatch_Online) {
   auto host = "httpbin.org";
   auto port = 443;
   SSLClient cli(host, port);
@@ -730,7 +784,40 @@ TEST(DigestAuthTest, FromHTTPWatch) {
 }
 #endif
 
-TEST(AbsoluteRedirectTest, Redirect) {
+TEST(SpecifyServerIPAddressTest, AnotherHostname_Online) {
+  auto host = "google.com";
+  auto another_host = "example.com";
+  auto wrong_ip = "0.0.0.0";
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+  SSLClient cli(host);
+#else
+  Client cli(host);
+#endif
+
+  cli.set_hostname_addr_map({{another_host, wrong_ip}});
+  auto res = cli.Get("/");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
+  ASSERT_EQ(301, res->status);
+}
+
+TEST(SpecifyServerIPAddressTest, RealHostname_Online) {
+  auto host = "google.com";
+  auto wrong_ip = "0.0.0.0";
+
+#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
+  SSLClient cli(host);
+#else
+  Client cli(host);
+#endif
+
+  cli.set_hostname_addr_map({{host, wrong_ip}});
+  auto res = cli.Get("/");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Connection, res.error());
+}
+
+TEST(AbsoluteRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
   auto host = "nghttp2.org";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -745,7 +832,7 @@ TEST(AbsoluteRedirectTest, Redirect) {
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(RedirectTest, Redirect) {
+TEST(RedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
   auto host = "nghttp2.org";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -760,7 +847,7 @@ TEST(RedirectTest, Redirect) {
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(RelativeRedirectTest, Redirect) {
+TEST(RelativeRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
   auto host = "nghttp2.org";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -775,7 +862,7 @@ TEST(RelativeRedirectTest, Redirect) {
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(TooManyRedirectTest, Redirect) {
+TEST(TooManyRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
   auto host = "nghttp2.org";
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
@@ -791,7 +878,7 @@ TEST(TooManyRedirectTest, Redirect) {
 }
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
-TEST(YahooRedirectTest, Redirect) {
+TEST(YahooRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
   Client cli("yahoo.com");
 
   auto res = cli.Get("/");
@@ -805,7 +892,7 @@ TEST(YahooRedirectTest, Redirect) {
   EXPECT_EQ("https://yahoo.com/", res->location);
 }
 
-TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest, Redirect) {
+TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
   SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
   cli.set_follow_location(true);
   auto res = cli.Get(
@@ -814,7 +901,7 @@ TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest, Redirect) {
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest2, Redirect) {
+TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest2, Redirect_Online) {
   SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
   cli.set_follow_location(true);
 
@@ -827,7 +914,7 @@ TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest2, Redirect) {
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest3, Redirect) {
+TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest3, Redirect_Online) {
   SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
   cli.set_follow_location(true);
 
@@ -839,7 +926,7 @@ TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest3, Redirect) {
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(UrlWithSpace, Redirect) {
+TEST(UrlWithSpace, Redirect_Online) {
   SSLClient cli("edge.forgecdn.net");
   cli.set_follow_location(true);
 
@@ -852,42 +939,49 @@ TEST(UrlWithSpace, Redirect) {
 #endif
 
 TEST(RedirectToDifferentPort, Redirect) {
-  Server svr8080;
-  Server svr8081;
-
-  svr8080.Get("/1", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
-    res.set_redirect("http://localhost:8081/2");
-  });
-
-  svr8081.Get("/2", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
+  Server svr1;
+  svr1.Get("/1", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
     res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
   });
 
-  auto thread8080 = std::thread([&]() { svr8080.listen("localhost", 8080); });
+  int svr1_port = 0;
+  auto thread1 = std::thread([&]() {
+    svr1_port = svr1.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
+    svr1.listen_after_bind();
+  });
 
-  auto thread8081 = std::thread([&]() { svr8081.listen("localhost", 8081); });
+  Server svr2;
+  svr2.Get("/2", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
+    res.set_redirect("http://localhost:" + std::to_string(svr1_port) + "/1");
+  });
 
-  while (!svr8080.is_running() || !svr8081.is_running()) {
+  int svr2_port = 0;
+  auto thread2 = std::thread([&]() {
+    svr2_port = svr2.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
+    svr2.listen_after_bind();
+  });
+
+  while (!svr1.is_running() || !svr2.is_running()) {
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
   }
 
   // Give GET time to get a few messages.
   std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
 
-  Client cli("localhost", 8080);
+  Client cli("localhost", svr2_port);
   cli.set_follow_location(true);
 
-  auto res = cli.Get("/1");
+  auto res = cli.Get("/2");
   ASSERT_TRUE(res);
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
   EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
 
-  svr8080.stop();
-  svr8081.stop();
-  thread8080.join();
-  thread8081.join();
-  ASSERT_FALSE(svr8080.is_running());
-  ASSERT_FALSE(svr8081.is_running());
+  svr1.stop();
+  svr2.stop();
+  thread1.join();
+  thread2.join();
+  ASSERT_FALSE(svr1.is_running());
+  ASSERT_FALSE(svr2.is_running());
 }
 
 TEST(RedirectFromPageWithContent, Redirect) {
@@ -964,8 +1058,15 @@ TEST(RedirectFromPageWithContentIP6, Redirect) {
 
   auto th = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen("::1", 1234); });
 
-  while (!svr.is_running()) {
+  // When IPV6 support isn't available svr.listen("::1", 1234) never
+  // actually starts anything, so the condition !svr.is_running() will
+  // always remain true, and the loop never stops.
+  // This basically counts how many milliseconds have passed since the
+  // call to svr.listen(), and if after 5 seconds nothing started yet
+  // aborts the test.
+  for (unsigned int milliseconds = 0; !svr.is_running(); milliseconds++) {
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
+    ASSERT_LT(milliseconds, 5000U);
   }
 
   // Give GET time to get a few messages.
@@ -1128,15 +1229,17 @@ TEST(ErrorHandlerTest, ContentLength) {
   ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
 }
 
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
 TEST(ExceptionHandlerTest, ContentLength) {
   Server svr;
 
-  svr.set_exception_handler(
-      [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res, std::exception & /*e*/) {
-        res.status = 500;
-        res.set_content("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
-                        "text/html"); // <= Content-Length still 13
-      });
+  svr.set_exception_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res,
+                               std::exception &e) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("abc", std::string(e.what()));
+    res.status = 500;
+    res.set_content("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
+                    "text/html"); // <= Content-Length still 13 at this point
+  });
 
   svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
     res.set_content("Hello World!\n", "text/plain");
@@ -1148,21 +1251,35 @@ TEST(ExceptionHandlerTest, ContentLength) {
   // Give GET time to get a few messages.
   std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
 
-  {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
     Client cli(HOST, PORT);
 
-    auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
-    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
-    EXPECT_EQ(500, res->status);
-    EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
-    EXPECT_EQ("26", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
-    EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", res->body);
+    for (size_t j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
+      auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
+      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
+      EXPECT_EQ(500, res->status);
+      EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
+      EXPECT_EQ("26", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
+      EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", res->body);
+    }
+
+    cli.set_keep_alive(true);
+
+    for (size_t j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
+      auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
+      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
+      EXPECT_EQ(500, res->status);
+      EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
+      EXPECT_EQ("26", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
+      EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", res->body);
+    }
   }
 
   svr.stop();
   thread.join();
   ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
 }
+#endif
 
 TEST(NoContentTest, ContentLength) {
   Server svr;
@@ -1342,11 +1459,13 @@ protected:
                std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
                res.set_content("slow", "text/plain");
              })
+#if 0
         .Post("/slowpost",
               [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
                 std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
                 res.set_content("slow", "text/plain");
               })
+#endif
         .Get("/remote_addr",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                auto remote_addr = req.headers.find("REMOTE_ADDR")->second;
@@ -1549,6 +1668,11 @@ protected:
                 EXPECT_EQ("0", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
                 res.set_content("empty-no-content-type", "text/plain");
               })
+        .Post("/post-large",
+             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
+               EXPECT_EQ(req.body, LARGE_DATA);
+               res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
+             })
         .Put("/empty-no-content-type",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "");
@@ -1954,6 +2078,13 @@ TEST_F(ServerTest, PostEmptyContentWithNoContentType) {
   ASSERT_EQ("empty-no-content-type", res->body);
 }
 
+TEST_F(ServerTest, PostLarge) {
+  auto res = cli_.Post("/post-large", LARGE_DATA, "text/plain");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
+  ASSERT_EQ(200, res->status);
+  EXPECT_EQ(LARGE_DATA, res->body);
+}
+
 TEST_F(ServerTest, PutEmptyContentWithNoContentType) {
   auto res = cli_.Put("/empty-no-content-type");
   ASSERT_TRUE(res);
@@ -2616,6 +2747,7 @@ TEST_F(ServerTest, SlowRequest) {
       std::thread([=]() { auto res = cli_.Get("/slow"); }));
 }
 
+#if 0
 TEST_F(ServerTest, SlowPost) {
   char buffer[64 * 1024];
   memset(buffer, 0x42, sizeof(buffer));
@@ -2649,6 +2781,7 @@ TEST_F(ServerTest, SlowPostFail) {
   ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
   EXPECT_EQ(Error::Write, res.error());
 }
+#endif
 
 TEST_F(ServerTest, Put) {
   auto res = cli_.Put("/put", "PUT", "text/plain");
@@ -3297,7 +3430,7 @@ static bool send_request(time_t read_timeout_sec, const std::string &req,
   auto error = Error::Success;
 
   auto client_sock = detail::create_client_socket(
-      HOST, PORT, AF_UNSPEC, false, nullptr,
+      HOST, "", PORT, AF_UNSPEC, false, nullptr,
       /*connection_timeout_sec=*/5, 0,
       /*read_timeout_sec=*/5, 0,
       /*write_timeout_sec=*/5, 0, std::string(), error);
@@ -3555,10 +3688,13 @@ TEST(StreamingTest, NoContentLengthStreaming) {
   Client client(HOST, PORT);
 
   auto get_thread = std::thread([&client]() {
-    auto res = client.Get("/stream", [](const char *data, size_t len) -> bool {
-      EXPECT_EQ("aaabbb", std::string(data, len));
-      return true;
-    });
+    std::string s;
+    auto res =
+        client.Get("/stream", [&s](const char *data, size_t len) -> bool {
+          s += std::string(data, len);
+          return true;
+        });
+    EXPECT_EQ("aaabbb", s);
   });
 
   // Give GET time to get a few messages.
@@ -3616,6 +3752,7 @@ TEST(MountTest, Unmount) {
   ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
 }
 
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
 TEST(ExceptionTest, ThrowExceptionInHandler) {
   Server svr;
 
@@ -3644,6 +3781,7 @@ TEST(ExceptionTest, ThrowExceptionInHandler) {
   listen_thread.join();
   ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
 }
+#endif
 
 TEST(KeepAliveTest, ReadTimeout) {
   Server svr;
@@ -3683,6 +3821,36 @@ TEST(KeepAliveTest, ReadTimeout) {
   ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
 }
 
+TEST(KeepAliveTest, Issue1041) {
+  const auto resourcePath = "/hi";
+
+  Server svr;
+  svr.set_keep_alive_timeout(3);
+
+  svr.Get(resourcePath, [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
+    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
+  });
+
+  auto a2 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&svr] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));
+
+  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
+  cli.set_keep_alive(true);
+
+  auto result = cli.Get(resourcePath);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
+  EXPECT_EQ(200, result->status);
+
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(5));
+
+  result = cli.Get(resourcePath);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
+  EXPECT_EQ(200, result->status);
+
+  svr.stop();
+  a2.wait();
+}
+
 TEST(ClientProblemDetectionTest, ContentProvider) {
   Server svr;
 
@@ -3769,7 +3937,7 @@ TEST(GetWithParametersTest, GetWithParameters) {
     EXPECT_EQ("world3", req.get_param_value("hello3"));
   });
 
-  svr.Get(R"(/resources/([a-z0-9\\-]+))", [&](const Request& req, Response&) {
+  svr.Get(R"(/resources/([a-z0-9\\-]+))", [&](const Request &req, Response &) {
     EXPECT_EQ("resource-id", req.matches[1]);
     EXPECT_EQ("foo", req.get_param_value("param1"));
     EXPECT_EQ("bar", req.get_param_value("param2"));
@@ -3852,7 +4020,7 @@ TEST(GetWithParametersTest, GetWithParameters2) {
   ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
 }
 
-TEST(ClientDefaultHeadersTest, DefaultHeaders) {
+TEST(ClientDefaultHeadersTest, DefaultHeaders_Online) {
   Client cli("httpbin.org");
   cli.set_default_headers({make_range_header({{1, 10}})});
   cli.set_connection_timeout(5);
@@ -4089,21 +4257,21 @@ TEST(SSLClientTest, UpdateCAStore) {
   httplib_client.set_ca_cert_store(ca_store_2);
 }
 
-TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerNameIndication) {
+TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerNameIndication_Online) {
   SSLClient cli("httpbin.org", 443);
   auto res = cli.Get("/get");
   ASSERT_TRUE(res);
   ASSERT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification1) {
+TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification1_Online) {
   SSLClient cli("google.com");
   auto res = cli.Get("/");
   ASSERT_TRUE(res);
   ASSERT_EQ(301, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification2) {
+TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification2_Online) {
   SSLClient cli("google.com");
   cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
   cli.set_ca_cert_path("hello");
@@ -4112,7 +4280,7 @@ TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification2) {
   EXPECT_EQ(Error::SSLLoadingCerts, res.error());
 }
 
-TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification3) {
+TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification3_Online) {
   SSLClient cli("google.com");
   cli.set_ca_cert_path(CA_CERT_FILE);
   auto res = cli.Get("/");
@@ -4145,7 +4313,7 @@ TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification4) {
   t.join();
 }
 
-TEST(SSLClientTest, WildcardHostNameMatch) {
+TEST(SSLClientTest, WildcardHostNameMatch_Online) {
   SSLClient cli("www.youtube.com");
 
   cli.set_ca_cert_path(CA_CERT_FILE);
@@ -4366,6 +4534,75 @@ TEST(SSLClientServerTest, SSLConnectTimeout) {
   svr.stop();
   t.join();
 }
+
+TEST(SSLClientServerTest, CustomizeServerSSLCtx) {
+  auto setup_ssl_ctx_callback = [](SSL_CTX &ssl_ctx) {
+    SSL_CTX_set_options(&ssl_ctx, SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION);
+    SSL_CTX_set_options(&ssl_ctx,
+                        SSL_OP_NO_SESSION_RESUMPTION_ON_RENEGOTIATION);
+    SSL_CTX_set_options(&ssl_ctx, SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2);
+    SSL_CTX_set_options(&ssl_ctx, SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3);
+    SSL_CTX_set_options(&ssl_ctx, SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1);
+    SSL_CTX_set_options(&ssl_ctx, SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_1);
+    auto ciphers = "ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:"
+                   "ECDHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:"
+                   "ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:"
+                   "ECDHE-DSS-AES256-SHA256:";
+    SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(&ssl_ctx, ciphers);
+    if (SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(&ssl_ctx, SERVER_CERT_FILE) != 1 ||
+        SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(&ssl_ctx, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE,
+                                    SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) != 1) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(&ssl_ctx, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE,
+                                  CLIENT_CA_CERT_DIR);
+    SSL_CTX_set_verify(
+        &ssl_ctx,
+        SSL_VERIFY_PEER |
+            SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT, // SSL_VERIFY_CLIENT_ONCE,
+        nullptr);
+    return true;
+  };
+  SSLServer svr(setup_ssl_ctx_callback);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
+
+  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
+    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");
+    svr.stop();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(true);
+
+    auto peer_cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(req.ssl);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(peer_cert != nullptr);
+
+    auto subject_name = X509_get_subject_name(peer_cert);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(subject_name != nullptr);
+
+    std::string common_name;
+    {
+      char name[BUFSIZ];
+      auto name_len = X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID(subject_name, NID_commonName,
+                                                name, sizeof(name));
+      common_name.assign(name, static_cast<size_t>(name_len));
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("Common Name", common_name);
+
+    X509_free(peer_cert);
+  });
+
+  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
+
+  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
+  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
+  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);
+
+  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
+  ASSERT_EQ(200, res->status);
+
+  t.join();
+}
 #endif
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
@@ -4381,16 +4618,18 @@ TEST(NoSSLSupport, SimpleInterface) {
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
 TEST(InvalidScheme, SimpleInterface) {
   ASSERT_ANY_THROW(Client cli("scheme://yahoo.com"));
 }
+#endif
 
 TEST(NoScheme, SimpleInterface) {
   Client cli("yahoo.com:80");
   ASSERT_TRUE(cli.is_valid());
 }
 
-TEST(SendAPI, SimpleInterface) {
+TEST(SendAPI, SimpleInterface_Online) {
   Client cli("http://yahoo.com");
 
   Request req;
@@ -4403,7 +4642,7 @@ TEST(SendAPI, SimpleInterface) {
 }
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
-TEST(YahooRedirectTest2, SimpleInterface) {
+TEST(YahooRedirectTest2, SimpleInterface_Online) {
   Client cli("http://yahoo.com");
 
   auto res = cli.Get("/");
@@ -4417,7 +4656,7 @@ TEST(YahooRedirectTest2, SimpleInterface) {
   EXPECT_EQ("https://yahoo.com/", res->location);
 }
 
-TEST(YahooRedirectTest3, SimpleInterface) {
+TEST(YahooRedirectTest3, SimpleInterface_Online) {
   Client cli("https://yahoo.com");
 
   auto res = cli.Get("/");
@@ -4431,7 +4670,7 @@ TEST(YahooRedirectTest3, SimpleInterface) {
   EXPECT_EQ("https://www.yahoo.com/", res->location);
 }
 
-TEST(YahooRedirectTest3, NewResultInterface) {
+TEST(YahooRedirectTest3, NewResultInterface_Online) {
   Client cli("https://yahoo.com");
 
   auto res = cli.Get("/");
@@ -4456,7 +4695,7 @@ TEST(YahooRedirectTest3, NewResultInterface) {
 }
 
 #ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
-TEST(DecodeWithChunkedEncoding, BrotliEncoding) {
+TEST(DecodeWithChunkedEncoding, BrotliEncoding_Online) {
   Client cli("https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com");
   auto res =
       cli.Get("/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.js", {{"Accept-Encoding", "br"}});
@@ -4469,7 +4708,7 @@ TEST(DecodeWithChunkedEncoding, BrotliEncoding) {
 }
 #endif
 
-TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest, SimpleInterface) {
+TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest, SimpleInterface_Online) {
   Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");
   cli.set_follow_location(true);
   auto res =
@@ -4480,7 +4719,7 @@ TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest, SimpleInterface) {
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest2, SimpleInterface) {
+TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest2, SimpleInterface_Online) {
   Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");
   cli.set_follow_location(true);
 
@@ -4493,7 +4732,7 @@ TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest2, SimpleInterface) {
   EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
 }
 
-TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest3, SimpleInterface) {
+TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest3, SimpleInterface_Online) {
   Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");
   cli.set_follow_location(true);
 
@@ -4520,7 +4759,6 @@ TEST(HttpToHttpsRedirectTest, CertFile) {
     ssl_svr.stop();
   });
 
-
   thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen("127.0.0.1", PORT)); });
   thread t2 = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_svr.listen("127.0.0.1", 1235)); });
   std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));

test/www/dir/meson.build

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+configure_file(input: 'index.html', output: 'index.html', copy: true)
+configure_file(input: 'test.abcde', output: 'test.abcde', copy: true)
+configure_file(input: 'test.html',  output: 'test.html',  copy: true)

test/www2/dir/meson.build

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+configure_file(input: 'index.html', output: 'index.html', copy: true)
+configure_file(input: 'test.html',  output: 'test.html',  copy: true)

test/www3/dir/meson.build

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+configure_file(input: 'index.html', output: 'index.html', copy: true)
+configure_file(input: 'test.html',  output: 'test.html',  copy: true)