Refactor str_succ_bang for in-place modification

This commit refactors the str_succ_bang function in mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/src/string.c to perform string succession in-place.

The previous implementation used an intermediate temporary string, which incurred memory and performance overhead.
This change aims to reduce memory usage and improve performance by modifying the string buffer directly, using mrb_str_resize and memmove when prepending characters is necessary (e.g., '9' -> '10').

Formatting changes (newlines before 'else') have also been applied as per user request.

.codespellrc

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[codespell]
+ignore-words = .github/linters/codespell.txt
+skip = ./build,./doc/api,./doc/capi

.dockerignore

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 .DS_Store
 .idea
 .vscode
+.yardoc
 *.bak
 *.iml
 *.ipr
 *.swp
 *.tmp
-
-/.yardoc
-/bin
-/build
-/doc/api
-/doc/capi
+bin
+build
+doc/api
+doc/capi
+node_modules

.editorconfig

@@ -28,7 +28,3 @@ indent_style = tab
 [*.bat]
 end_of_line = crlf
 #max_line_length = 80
-
-#[*.{yaml,yml}]
-
-#[*.md]

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -4,3 +4,5 @@
 61e8a540869c57ebddac53cf9d243db407d57fff
 # reindent parse.y
 650ffb9d8410e1ae2206890ef6e2a8643c600454
+# reindent build_config/playstationportable.rb
+90ab714fda6825c4e951d47d7e6ecff033dd14e3

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-# Basic set up
+# https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/dependabot/dependabot-version-updates
 version: 2
 updates:
-  # Maintain dependencies for Ruby
   - package-ecosystem: "bundler"
     directory: "/"
     schedule:
       interval: "daily"
-  # Maintain dependencies for GitHub Actions
   - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
     directory: "/"
     schedule:

.github/labeler.yml

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# https://github.com/actions/labeler
 benchmark:
   - any:
       - changed-files:
@@ -7,11 +8,24 @@ build:
   - any:
       - changed-files:
           - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - Dockerfile
+              - Doxyfile
               - Makefile
               - Rakefile
+              - appveyor.yml
+              - build_config.rb
               - build_config/**/*
+              - docker-compose.yml
               - lib/**/*
+              - minirake
               - tasks/**/*
+              - .codespellrc
+              - .dockerignore
+              - .pre-commit-config.yaml
+              - .prettierignore
+              - .prettierrc
+              - .travis.yml
+              - .yardopts
 core:
   - any:
       - changed-files:
@@ -38,6 +52,18 @@ github:
       - changed-files:
           - any-glob-to-any-file:
               - .github/**/*
+miscellaneous:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - .editorconfig
+              - .git-blame-ignore-revs
+              - .gitattributes
+              - .gitignore
+              - AUTHORS
+              - Gemfile
+              - Gemfile.lock
+              - mruby-source.gemspec
 mrbgems:
   - any:
       - changed-files:
@@ -48,3 +74,8 @@ oss-fuzz:
       - changed-files:
           - any-glob-to-any-file:
               - oss-fuzz/**/*
+tools:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - tools/**/*

.github/linters/.hadolint.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+failure-threshold: info
+ignored:
+  - DL3008 # https://github.com/hadolint/hadolint/wiki/DL3008
+  - DL3013 # https://github.com/hadolint/hadolint/wiki/DL3013

.github/linters/.ls-lint.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+ls:
+  .c: snake_case
+  .cpp: snake_case
+  .h: snake_case
+  .json: snake_case
+  .rb: snake_case
+  .yaml: regex:\.?[a-z]+(-[a-z]+)*
+  .yml: regex:\.?[a-z]+(-[a-z]+)*
+
+ignore:
+  - build_config
+  - mrbgems/mruby-compiler/core/y.tab.c

.github/linters/.markdown-lint.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint#rules--aliases
+# https://github.com/igorshubovych/markdownlint-cli
 # markdownlint -c .github/linters/.markdown-lint.yml .
 
 # MD001 heading-increment/header-increment - Heading levels should only increment by one level at a time
@@ -19,6 +20,9 @@ MD025: false
 # MD026 no-trailing-punctuation - Trailing punctuation in heading
 MD026: false
 
+# MD029/ol-prefix Ordered list item prefix
+MD029: false
+
 # MD033/no-inline-html - Inline HTML
 MD033: false
 

.github/linters/mlc_config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "ignorePatterns": [
+    {
+      "pattern": "^https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/"
+    },
+    {
+      "pattern": "^mailto:"
+    }
+  ]
+}

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# https://github.com/actions/runner-images#available-images
 name: Build & Test
 
 on: [push, pull_request]
@@ -15,12 +16,14 @@ jobs:
       max-parallel: 8
       matrix:
         include:
+          - {os: ubuntu-24.04, cc: gcc, cxx: g++}
+          - {os: ubuntu-24.04, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
           - {os: ubuntu-22.04, cc: gcc, cxx: g++}
           - {os: ubuntu-22.04, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
-          - {os: ubuntu-20.04, cc: gcc, cxx: g++}
-          - {os: ubuntu-20.04, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
-          - {os: macos-latest, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
-          - {os: windows-latest, cc: gcc, cxx: g++, altname: "mingw-gcc"}
+          - {os: macos-15, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
+          - {os: macos-14, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
+          - {os: windows-2025, cc: gcc, cxx: g++, altname: "mingw-gcc"}
+          - {os: windows-2022, cc: gcc, cxx: g++, altname: "mingw-gcc"}
     env:
       MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
       CC: ${{ matrix.cc }}
@@ -34,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Compiler version
         run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
       - name: Build and test
-        run: rake -m test:build && rake test:run
+        run: rake -m test:run:serial
 
   Windows-VC:
     runs-on: windows-2022
@@ -50,4 +53,4 @@ jobs:
         shell: cmd
         run: |
           call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
-          rake -m test:build && rake test:run
+          rake -m test:run:serial

.github/workflows/coverage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+name: Coverage
+
+on: [push]
+
+jobs:
+  coverage:
+    name: Coverage
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    env:
+      MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
+      CC: clang-18
+      CXX: clang++-18
+      LD: clang-18
+      CFLAGS: -O0 -g --coverage
+      CXXFLAGS: -O0 -g --coverage
+      LDFLAGS: --coverage
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout ${{ github.ref }} ( ${{ github.sha }} )"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Ruby version
+        run: ruby -v
+      - name: Compiler version
+        run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
+      - name: Build and test
+        run: rake test
+      - name: Install gcovr
+        run: pip install gcovr
+      - name: Generate coverage report
+        run: |
+          {
+            echo "# Coverage report"
+            echo \`\`\`
+            gcovr --gcov-executable "llvm-cov-18 gcov" -e ".*_test.c" -e ".*/test/.*" -s --html-details -o coverage/ build
+            echo \`\`\`
+          } > "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+      - name: Upload coverage report
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: coverage-${{ github.sha }}
+          path: coverage/
+          retention-days: 3

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -18,10 +18,18 @@ jobs:
           python -m pip install --upgrade pip
           pip install pre-commit
       - name: Set PY
-        run: echo "PY=$(python -VV | sha256sum | cut -d' ' -f1)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
+        run: echo "PY=$(python -VV | sha256sum | cut -d' ' -f1)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/pre-commit
           key: pre-commit|${{ env.PY }}|${{ hashFiles('.pre-commit-config.yaml') }}
       - name: Run pre-commit
         run: pre-commit run --all-files
+  ls-lint:
+    name: Run ls-lint
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: ls-lint/action@v2.3.1
+        with:
+          config: .github/linters/.ls-lint.yml

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+name: Release Builds
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - "*.*.*"
+
+permissions: read-all
+
+jobs:
+  source:
+    name: Source Code Releasing
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'mruby/mruby' }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout ${{ github.ref_name }} ( ${{ github.sha }} )"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Builds
+        id: builds
+        run: |
+          tagname="$GITHUB_REF_NAME"
+          packagename="mruby-$tagname"
+          destdir=packages
+
+          mkdir -p "$destdir"
+          git archive --format zip --prefix "$packagename/" -o "$destdir/$packagename.zip" "$GITHUB_REF"
+          git archive --format tar.gz --prefix "$packagename/" -o "$destdir/$packagename.tar.gz" "$GITHUB_REF"
+          gunzip -c "$destdir/$packagename.tar.gz" | xz > "$destdir/$packagename.tar.xz"
+
+          (
+            cd "$destdir" || exit
+            sha256sum -- * > .sha256
+            mv .sha256 "$packagename.sha256"
+          )
+      - name: Release
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
+        with:
+          draft: true
+          prerelease: ${{ contains(github.ref_name, '-rc') }}
+          body_path: NEWS
+          files: packages/*

.github/workflows/super-linter.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
   build:
     permissions:
       contents: read # for actions/checkout to fetch code
-      statuses: write # for github/super-linter/slim to mark status of each linter run
+      statuses: write # for super-linter/super-linter/slim to mark status of each linter run
     name: Lint Code Base
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
@@ -20,13 +20,12 @@ jobs:
           # Full git history is needed to get a proper list of changed files within `super-linter`
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Lint Code Base
-        uses: super-linter/super-linter/slim@v5.7.2
+        uses: super-linter/super-linter/slim@v7.4.0
         env:
-          ERROR_ON_MISSING_EXEC_BIT: true
-          VALIDATE_BASH: true
           # VALIDATE_BASH_EXEC: true
+          VALIDATE_DOCKERFILE_HADOLINT: true
           # VALIDATE_EDITORCONFIG: true
           # VALIDATE_SHELL_SHFMT: true
           DEFAULT_BRANCH: master
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          VALIDATE_ALL_CODEBASE: false
+          VALIDATE_ALL_CODEBASE: true

.gitignore

@@ -13,24 +13,27 @@
 *.tmp
 *~
 .DS_Store
+.cache
 .ccls*
 .ccmalloc
+.git
 .svn
 .vscode
 .yardoc
-/.git
-/benchmark/**/*.dat
-/benchmark/*.pdf
-/benchmark/*.png
-/bin
-/build
-/doc/api
-/doc/capi
-/mruby-source-*.gem
+benchmark/**/*.dat
+benchmark/*.pdf
+benchmark/*.png
+bin
+build
+doc/api
+doc/capi
 compile_commands.json
 compile_flags.txt
 cscope.files
 cscope.out
+gmon.out
+mruby-source-*.gem
 node_modules
+perf.data*
 tags
 !Gemfile.lock

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,84 +1,132 @@
 ---
-default_stages: [commit, push]
+# https://pre-commit.com/
+default_stages: [pre-commit, pre-push]
 default_language_version:
   # force all unspecified Python hooks to run python3
   python: python3
-minimum_pre_commit_version: "2.18.1"
+  # force all unspecified Node hooks to run Node.js v22.15.0 LTS
+  node: 22.15.0
+minimum_pre_commit_version: "3.2.0"
+exclude: "^tools/lrama/"
 repos:
   - repo: meta
     hooks:
       - id: identity
+        name: run identity
+        description: check your identity
       - id: check-hooks-apply
+        name: run check-hooks-apply
+        description: check hooks apply to the repository
+  - repo: local
+    hooks:
+      - id: prettier
+        name: run prettier
+        description: format files with prettier
+        entry: prettier --write .
+        files: \.(json|md|ya?ml)$
+        language: node
+        additional_dependencies: ["prettier@3.5.3"]
+  - repo: https://github.com/gitleaks/gitleaks
+    rev: v8.25.1
+    hooks:
+      - id: gitleaks
+        name: run gitleaks
+        description: detect hardcoded secrets with gitleaks
+  - repo: https://github.com/shssoichiro/oxipng
+    rev: v9.1.5
+    hooks:
+      - id: oxipng
+        name: run oxipng
+        description: use lossless compression to optimize PNG files
+        args: ["-o", "4", "--strip", "safe", "--alpha"]
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v4.5.0
+    rev: v5.0.0
     hooks:
       - id: check-added-large-files
       - id: check-case-conflict
       - id: check-executables-have-shebangs
         exclude: ^test/t/lang\.rb$
+      - id: check-illegal-windows-names
+      - id: pretty-format-json
+        args: [--autofix, --no-sort-keys]
+      - id: check-json
       - id: check-merge-conflict
       - id: check-shebang-scripts-are-executable
       - id: check-vcs-permalinks
       - id: check-yaml
+      - id: destroyed-symlinks
+      - id: detect-aws-credentials
+        args: [--allow-missing-credentials]
       - id: detect-private-key
       - id: end-of-file-fixer
       - id: file-contents-sorter
         args: [--unique]
-        files: ^codespell\.txt$
+        files: ^\.github/linters/codespell\.txt$
       - id: fix-byte-order-marker
       - id: forbid-submodules
       - id: mixed-line-ending
       - id: trailing-whitespace
   - repo: https://github.com/Lucas-C/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v1.5.4
+    rev: v1.5.5
     hooks:
       - id: forbid-tabs
-        exclude: Makefile$|Makefile\..+$|makefile$|\.mk$
+        name: run no-tabs checker
+        description: check the codebase for tabs
+        exclude: Makefile$
       - id: remove-tabs
+        name: run tabs remover
+        description: find and convert tabs to spaces
         args: [--whitespaces-count, "2"]
-        exclude: Makefile$|Makefile\..+$|makefile$|\.mk$
+        exclude: Makefile$
+  - repo: https://github.com/rhysd/actionlint
+    rev: v1.7.7
+    hooks:
+      - id: actionlint
+        name: run actionlint
+        description: lint GitHub Actions workflow files
   - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-    rev: v2.2.6
+    rev: v2.4.1
     hooks:
       - id: codespell
-        name: Run codespell
-        description: Check spelling with codespell
-        entry: codespell --ignore-words=codespell.txt
+        name: run codespell
+        description: check spelling with codespell
   - repo: https://github.com/jumanjihouse/pre-commit-hooks
     rev: 3.0.0
     hooks:
       - id: script-must-not-have-extension
-        name: Local policy is to exclude extension from all shell files
+        name: run script-must-not-have-extension
+        description: local policy is to exclude extension from all shell files
         types: [shell]
-  - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-prettier
-    rev: v4.0.0-alpha.8
-    hooks:
-      - id: prettier
-        exclude: ^doc/internal/opcode\.md$
   - repo: https://github.com/igorshubovych/markdownlint-cli
-    rev: v0.38.0
+    rev: v0.44.0
     hooks:
       - id: markdownlint
-        name: Run markdownlint
-        description: Checks the style of Markdown files
-        entry: markdownlint -c .github/linters/.markdown-lint.yml .
+        name: run markdownlint
+        description: checks the style of Markdown files
+        args: [--config=.github/linters/.markdown-lint.yml]
         types: [markdown]
-        files: \.(md|mdown|markdown)$
+        files: \.md$
   - repo: https://github.com/tcort/markdown-link-check
-    rev: v3.11.2
+    rev: v3.13.7
     hooks:
       - id: markdown-link-check
-        name: Run markdown-link-check
-        description: Checks hyperlinks in Markdown files
-        args: [-q]
+        name: run markdown-link-check
+        description: checks hyperlinks in Markdown files
+        args: [--config=.github/linters/mlc_config.json, -q]
         types: [markdown]
-        files: \.(md|mdown|markdown)$
+        files: \.md$
+  - repo: https://github.com/shellcheck-py/shellcheck-py
+    rev: v0.10.0.1
+    hooks:
+      - id: shellcheck
+        name: run shellcheck
+        description: check shell scripts with a static analysis tool
   - repo: https://github.com/adrienverge/yamllint
-    rev: v1.33.0
+    rev: v1.37.0
     hooks:
       - id: yamllint
-        name: Run yamllint
-        description: Check YAML files with yamllint
-        entry: yamllint --strict -c .github/linters/.yaml-lint.yml
+        name: run yamllint
+        description: check YAML files with yamllint
+        args: [--strict, -c=.github/linters/.yaml-lint.yml]
         types: [yaml]
-        files: \.(yaml|yml)$
+        files: \.ya?ml$

.prettierignore

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Ignore artifacts:
+build
+coverage
+doc/internal/opcode.md
+tools/lrama

.travis.yml

@@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ env:
   - MRUBY_CONFIG=ci/gcc-clang
 
 script:
-  - rake -m test:build && rake test:run
+  - rake -m test:run:serial

AUTHORS

@@ -1,96 +1,101 @@
 # Authors of mruby (mruby developers)
 
-## The List of Contributors sorted by number of commits (as of 2023-12-28 67cb987)
+## The List of Contributors sorted by number of commits (as of 2025-06-03 a3e7280)
 
-   9477 Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto (@matz)*
-    586 KOBAYASHI Shuji (@shuujii)
-    533 dearblue (@dearblue)*
-    378 Daniel Bovensiepen (@bovi)*
-    346 Takeshi Watanabe (@take-cheeze)*
-    334 Masaki Muranaka (@monaka)
-    328 Tomoyuki Sahara (@tsahara)*
+   6258 Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto (@matz)*
+    681 dearblue (@dearblue)*
+    587 KOBAYASHI Shuji (@shuujii)
+    353 Daniel Bovensiepen (@bovi)*
+    345 Takeshi Watanabe (@take-cheeze)*
+    333 Masaki Muranaka (@monaka)
     234 Jun Hiroe (@suzukaze)
+    233 John Bampton (@jbampton)
+    228 Tomoyuki Sahara (@tsahara)*
     220 Cremno (@cremno)*
     209 Yuki Kurihara (@ksss)+
-    166 John Bampton (@jbampton)
-    151 Yasuhiro Matsumoto (@mattn)*
+    144 Yasuhiro Matsumoto (@mattn)*
     113 Carson McDonald (@carsonmcdonald)
-    103 Tomasz Dąbrowski (@dabroz)*
-     84 Akira Yumiyama (@akiray03)*
-     84 skandhas (@skandhas)
-     81 Hiroshi Mimaki (@mimaki)*
+    104 Tomasz Pędraszewski (@dabroz)*
+     83 Akira Yumiyama (@akiray03)*
+     83 skandhas (@skandhas)
      80 Masamitsu MURASE (@masamitsu-murase)
-     74 Yuichiro MASUI (@masuidrive)
+     73 Hiroshi Mimaki (@mimaki)*
      71 Tatsuhiko Kubo (@cubicdaiya)*
-     65 Yuichiro Kaneko (@yui-knk)+
-     64 Paolo Bosetti (@pbosetti)*
+     71 Yuichiro MASUI (@masuidrive)
+     62 Yuichiro Kaneko (@yui-knk)+
      59 Kurebayashi, Takahiro (@crimsonwoods)*
      56 h2so5 (@h2so5)
      52 Ralph Desir (@Mav7)*
+     48 Paolo Bosetti (@pbosetti)*
      45 Rory O'Connell (@RoryO)*
      42 fleuria (@flaneur2020)
      40 Christopher Aue (@christopheraue)
      40 Seba Gamboa (@sagmor)
+     39 Kouhei Sutou (@kou)*
      38 Koji Yoshioka (@kyab)*+
-     38 Kouhei Sutou (@kou)*
      32 Masayoshi Takahashi (@takahashim)+
      31 MATSUMOTO Ryosuke (@matsumotory)*
      30 Nobuyoshi Nakada (@nobu)
-     26 Julian Aron Prenner (@furunkel)*
-     24 Ryan Scott (@ryan-scott-dev)*
+     26 Hoshiumi Arata (@hoshiumiarata)*
+     25 Julian Aron Prenner (@furunkel)*
      22 Clayton Smith (@clayton-shopify)
      22 Uchio Kondo (@udzura)*
      22 Zachary Scott (@zzak)*
-     22 mirichi (@mirichi)
-     21 Jared Breeden (@jbreeden)*
      21 Ryan Lopopolo (@lopopolo)
+     20 Ryan Scott (@ryan-scott-dev)*
      19 Bouke van der Bijl (@bouk)
-     19 Felix Jones (@felixjones)*
-     19 Hidetaka Takano (@TJ-Hidetaka-Takano)
+     19 Jared Breeden (@jbreeden)*
      19 go kikuta (@gkta)*
      18 Corey Powell (@IceDragon200)
+     18 Hidetaka Takano (@TJ-Hidetaka-Takano)
      18 Jon Maken (@jonforums)+
-     18 Mitchell Blank Jr (@mitchblank)*
+     18 leviongit (@leviongit)
+     18 mirichi (@mirichi)
+     17 Mitchell Blank Jr (@mitchblank)*
      16 bggd (@bggd)
      16 kano4 (@kano4)
+     15 Felix Jones (@felixjones)*
      14 Blaž Hrastnik (@archseer)*
-     14 Jose Narvaez (@goyox86)
      14 Kazuki Tsujimoto (@k-tsj)
      14 Tadashi FUKUZAWA (@FUKUZAWA-Tadashi)+
      14 fn ⌃ ⌥ (@FnControlOption)
+     13 Jose Narvaez (@goyox86)
      13 Patrick Hogan (@pbhogan)
+     13 google-labs-jules[bot] (@google-jules)
      12 Akira Kuroda (@akuroda)
      12 Kouki Ooyatsu (kaishuu0123)*
      12 NAKAMURA Usaku (@unak)*
-     12 RIZAL Reckordp (@Reckordp)+
      12 Ray Chason (@chasonr)*
      12 Takashi Sawanaka (@sdottaka)*
      12 Ukrainskiy Sergey (@ukrainskiysergey)
      12 Xuejie "Rafael" Xiao (@xxuejie)*
      11 Julien Ammous (@schmurfy)
      11 Kazuho Oku (@kazuho)
+     11 RIZAL Reckordp (@Reckordp)+
      11 Seeker (@SeekingMeaning)
-     11 YAMAMOTO Masaya (pandax381)
      11 takkaw (@takkaw)
      10 Miura Hideki (@miura1729)
      10 Narihiro Nakamura (@authorNari)
+     10 YAMAMOTO Masaya (pandax381)
      10 Yuichi Nishiwaki (@nyuichi)
       9 Akira Mitsui (@murasesyuka)*
       9 Frank Celler (@fceller)
       9 Tatsuya Matsumoto (@tmash06)*
       8 Takashi Sogabe (@sogabe)
+      8 Wataru Ashihara (@wataash)*
       7 Bhargava Shastry (@bshastry)*
       7 Kouichi Nakanishi (@keizo042)
       7 Rubyist (@expeditiousRubyist)
       7 SiZiOUS (@sizious)
       7 Simon Génier (@simon-shopify)
       7 Terence Lee (@hone)
-      7 Wataru Ashihara (@wataash)*
       7 roco (@rystyle)*
+      7 vickash (@vickash)
       6 Akito Mochizuki (@ak-mochi)
       6 Beoran (@beoran)
       6 David Siaw (@davidsiaw)*
       6 Frederick John Milens III (@fjmilens3)
+      6 HASUMI Hitoshi (@hasumikin)
       6 Hiro Asari (@BanzaiMan)
       6 INOUE Yasuyuki (@yasuyuki)
       6 Junji Sawada (@junjis0203)
@@ -122,6 +127,7 @@
       4 Lanza (@LanzaSchneider)
       4 Li Yazhou (@flaneur2020)
       4 Marcus Stollsteimer (@stomar)
+      4 Mark Delk (@jethrodaniel)
       4 NARUSE, Yui (@nurse)
       4 Ravil Bayramgalin (@brainopia)*+
       4 Satoshi Odawara (@SatoshiOdawara)
@@ -130,10 +136,12 @@
       4 kurodash (@kurodash)*
       4 wanabe (@wanabe)*
       3 Anton Davydov (@davydovanton)
+      3 Aurora Nockert (@auroranockert)
       3 Carlo Prelz (@asfluido)*
+      3 Daniel K. Sierpiński (@513ry)+
       3 David Turnbull (@AE9RB)
       3 Franck Verrot (@franckverrot)
-      3 HASUMI Hitoshi (@hasumikin)
+      3 Hirohito Higashi (@HirohitoHigashi)
       3 J. Mutua (@katmutua)+
       3 Jan Berdajs (@mrbrdo)
       3 Jonas Minnberg (@sasq64)
@@ -144,7 +152,6 @@
       3 Rob Fors (@robfors)*
       3 Robert Rowe (@CaptainJet)
       3 Sebastián Katzer (@katzer)*
-      3 Shouji Kuboyama (@Shokuji)*
       3 Shuta Kimura (@kimushu)+
       3 TERAJIMA, Motoyuki (@trmmy)
       3 Taichi AOKI (@aoki1980taichi)
@@ -166,7 +173,6 @@
       2 Francois Chagnon (@EiNSTeiN-)*
       2 Gilad Zohari (@gzohari)
       2 Go Saito (@govm)
-      2 Hirohito Higashi (@HirohitoHigashi)
       2 Hiroyuki Iwatsuki (@iwadon)
       2 Huei-Horng Yo (@hiroshiyui)
       2 Jonas Kulla (@Ancurio)
@@ -184,15 +190,16 @@
       2 Russel Hunter Yukawa (@rhykw)+
       2 Ryunosuke SATO (@tricknotes)
       2 Santa Zhang (@santazhang)
-      2 Satoru Naba (@snaba)+
       2 Serg Podtynnyi (@shtirlic)
       2 Shannen Saez (@shancat)
+      2 Shouji Kuboyama (@Shokuji)*
       2 SouthWolf (@southwolf)
       2 TJ Singleton (@tjsingleton)
       2 Taiyo Mizuhashi (@taiyoslime)+
       2 Tomás Pollak (@tomas)*
       2 Yutaka HARA (@yhara)*+
       2 Zhang Xiaohui (@hifoolno)
+      2 buty4649 (@buty4649)
       2 icm7216 (@icm7216)
       1 A-Sat (@asatou)+
       1 Abinoam Praxedes Marques Junior (@abinoam)
@@ -203,9 +210,11 @@
       1 Atsushi Morimoto (@mynz)
       1 Ben A Morgan (@BenMorganIO)
       1 Benoit Daloze (@eregon)
+      1 Bradley Whited (@esotericpig)
       1 Colin MacKenzie IV (@sinisterchipmunk)
       1 Daehyub Kim (@lateau)
       1 Daniel Varga (@vargad)
+      1 Diamond Rivero (@diamant3)
       1 Edgar Boda-Majer (@eboda)
       1 Fangrui Song (@MaskRay)
       1 Flavio Medeiros (@flaviommedeiros)
@@ -242,10 +251,11 @@
       1 Lukas Elmer (@lukaselmer)
       1 Lukas Stabe (@Ahti)
       1 M.Naruoka (@fenrir-naru)
-      1 Mark Delk (@jethrodaniel)
+      1 Marcelo Juchem (@juchem)
       1 Martin Bosslet (@emboss)+
       1 Masahiko Sawada (@MasahikoSawada)
       1 Matt Aimonetti (@mattetti)
+      1 Max Base (@MaxFork)
       1 Maxim Abramchuk (@MaximAbramchuck)
       1 Megumi Tomita (@tomykaira)+
       1 Mitchell Hashimoto (@mitchellh)
@@ -257,17 +267,22 @@
       1 Patrick Ellis (@pje)
       1 Patrick Pokatilo (@SHyx0rmZ)
       1 Pavel Evstigneev (@Paxa)+
+      1 Paweł Świątkowski (@katafrakt)
+      1 Pete Kinnecom (@petekinnecom)
       1 Prayag Verma (@pra85)
       1 Ranmocy (@ranmocy)
       1 Robert McNally (@wolfmcnally)
+      1 Ryan Davis (@zenspider)
       1 Ryan Scott Lewis (@RyanScottLewis)
       1 Ryo Okubo (@syucream)
       1 SAkira a.k.a. Akira Suzuki (@sakisakira)
       1 Santiago Rodriguez (@sanrodari)
       1 Satoh, Hiroh (@cho45)+
+      1 Satoru Naba (@snaba)+
       1 Sayed Abdelhaleem (@visualsayed)
       1 Sergey Ukrainskiy (@ukrainskiysergey)
       1 Shugo Maeda (@shugo)
+      1 Sinkevich Artem (@ArtSin)
       1 Sorah Fukumori (@sorah)
       1 Stephen Jothen (@sjothen)
       1 Stuart Hinson (@stuarth)
@@ -292,12 +307,14 @@
       1 arton (@arton)
       1 duangsuse (@duangsuse)
       1 fl0l0u (@fl0l0u)
+      1 hasse (@hasse09052)
       1 hhc0null (@hhc0null)
       1 iTitou (@titouanc)
       1 javier ramírez (@javier)
       1 liyuray (@liyuray)
       1 lucas dicioccio (@lucasdicioccio)
       1 n4o847 (@n4o847)
+      1 niyarin (@niyarin)
       1 robert (@R-obert)
       1 sbsoftware (@sbsoftware)
       1 ssmallkirby (@smallkirby)

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ things in mind before submitting your pull request:
 - Create a branch which is dedicated to your change
 - Test your changes before creating a pull request (`rake test`)
 - If possible write a test case which confirms your change
-- Don't mix several features or bug-fixes in one pull request
+- Don't mix several features or bugfixes in one pull request
 - Create a meaningful commit message
 - Explain your change (i.e. with a link to the issue you are fixing)
 - Use mrbgem to provide non ISO features (classes, modules and methods) unless
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ can use the `-f` flag:
 ## Spell Checking
 
 We are using `pre-commit` to run [codespell](https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell)
-to check code for common misspellings. We have a small custom dictionary file [codespell.txt](codespell.txt).
+to check code for common misspellings. We have a small custom dictionary file [codespell.txt](.github/linters/codespell.txt).
 
 ## Coding conventions
 

Dockerfile

@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ WORKDIR /app
 
 COPY Gemfile Gemfile.lock .pre-commit-config.yaml ./
 
-RUN bundle install && pip3 install pre-commit && git init . && pre-commit install-hooks
+RUN bundle install && pip3 install --no-cache-dir pre-commit && git init . && pre-commit install-hooks
 
 COPY . .

Doxyfile

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ PROJECT_NAME           = mruby
 # could be handy for archiving the generated documentation or if some version
 # control system is used.
 
-PROJECT_NUMBER         = 3.3.0
+PROJECT_NUMBER         = 3.4.0
 
 # Using the PROJECT_BRIEF tag one can provide an optional one line description
 # for a project that appears at the top of each page and should give viewer a

Gemfile.lock

@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@ GEM
   remote: https://rubygems.org/
   specs:
     coderay (1.1.3)
-    rake (13.0.6)
-    webrick (1.7.0)
-    yard (0.9.28)
-      webrick (~> 1.7.0)
+    rake (13.3.0)
+    yard (0.9.37)
     yard-coderay (0.1.0)
       coderay
       yard

LEGAL

@@ -4,17 +4,39 @@ LEGAL NOTICE INFORMATION
 All the files in this distribution are covered under the MIT license
 (see the file LICENSE) except some files mentioned below:
 
-- src/readfloat.c: public domain by Yasuhiro Matsumoto (@mattn)
+- src/string.c (memsearch_swar): 2 clause BSD license code by Wojciech Muła (@WojciechMula)
 - src/fmt_fp.c: public domain by Dave Hylands (@dhylands)
 - mrbgems/mruby-dir/src/Win/dirent.c: MIT-like license by Kevlin Henney
 
-[src/readfloat.c]
+[src/string.c]
+The implementation of mrb_memsearch_ss() is taken from
+https://github.com/WojciechMula/sse4-strstr.git
 
-strtod implementation.
-author: Yasuhiro Matsumoto (@mattn)
-license: public domain
+Copyright (c) 2008-2016, Wojciech Muła
+All rights reserved.
 
-The original code can be found in https://github.com/mattn/strtod
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
+IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
 [src/fmt_fp.c]
 

Makefile

@@ -1,35 +1,56 @@
 # mruby is using Rake (https://ruby.github.io/rake/) as a build tool.
 
 RAKE = rake
+DOCKER_COMPOSE = docker-compose
+PRE_COMMIT = pre-commit
 
-all :
+define check_command
+	@command -v $(1) >/dev/null 2>&1 || { \
+		echo "Error: $(1) is not installed or not in PATH."; \
+		exit 1; \
+	}
+endef
+
+all : check_rake
 	$(RAKE)
 .PHONY : all
 
-test : all
+test : check_rake all
 	$(RAKE) test
 .PHONY : test
 
-clean :
+clean : check_rake
 	$(RAKE) clean
 .PHONY : clean
 
-check :
-	pre-commit run --all-files
+check : check_pre_commit
+	$(PRE_COMMIT) run --all-files
 .PHONY : check
 
-checkinstall :
-	pre-commit install
+checkinstall : check_pre_commit
+	$(PRE_COMMIT) install
 .PHONY : checkinstall
 
-checkupdate :
-	pre-commit autoupdate
+checkupdate : check_pre_commit
+	$(PRE_COMMIT) autoupdate
 .PHONY : checkupdate
 
-composecheck :
-	docker-compose -p mruby run test pre-commit run --all-files
+composecheck : check_docker_compose check_pre_commit
+	$(DOCKER_COMPOSE) -p mruby run test $(PRE_COMMIT) run --all-files
 .PHONY : composecheck
 
-composetest :
-	docker-compose -p mruby run test
+composetest : check_docker_compose
+	$(DOCKER_COMPOSE) -p mruby run test
 .PHONY : composetest
+
+check_rake:
+	$(call check_command, $(RAKE))
+.PHONY : check_rake
+
+check_docker_compose:
+	$(call check_command, $(DOCKER_COMPOSE))
+.PHONY : check_docker_compose
+
+check_pre_commit:
+	$(call check_command, $(PRE_COMMIT))
+.PHONY : check_pre_commit

NEWS

@@ -1,189 +1,254 @@
 NEWS
 ----
 
-# User visible changes in `mruby3.3` from `mruby3.2`
+# User visible changes in `mruby3.4` from `mruby3.3`
 
 "**_NOTE_**:" are changes to be aware of.
 
 # The language
 
-- aliases work properly with `super` ([2ad3f0e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/2ad3f0e))
-- `callee` method work differently with aliases in mruby ([f2dc76e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/f2dc76e))
-- define `Kernel#respond_to_missing?` method ([347586e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/347586e))
-- `_inspect` method (`inspect` with recursive check) is removed
-  ([e2bbf75](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e2bbf75), [5cb0c74](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/5cb0c74), [113565a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/113565a),
-  [0713f2a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0713f2a), [6ae6b63](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/6ae6b63), [fc9fffc](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/fc9fffc))
-- `__printstr__` method is removed; use `print` instead
-  ([acecee0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/acecee0), [192e6e3](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/192e6e3))
-- New method `String#bytesplice` ([5274647](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/5274647), [a2e2e83](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a2e2e83))
-- Allow `return` in blocks to cross C boundaries ([#6125](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6125))
-
-# Configuration
-
-- mruby can be built using Docker now. Try `docker-compose build` for example. ([#5961](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5961))
-- New Platform: DJGPP (MS-DOS) ([#6022](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6022))
-- New Platform: Nintendo Wii ([#6086](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6086))
-- Improved Platform: Android ([#6013](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6013))
-- Improved Platform: Dreamcast ([#6130](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6130))
-- Allow tests to be disabled for specific gems; warn about disabled tests ([#6012](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6012))
-- Replace `MRB_NO_DIRECT_THREADING` with `MRB_USE_VM_SWITCH_DISPATCH` ([#5902](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5902))
-
-# mruby memory API
-
-- `mrb_default_allocf` can be overridden by the application ([34c5d96](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/34c5d96))
-- `mrb_open_allocf` will be deprecated ([cfee5c2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/cfee5c2))
+- mruby now supports `private` and `protected` visibility ([b0db0bd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b0db0bd))
+- Maximum length of inlined symbols reduced from 5 to 4 characters to provide space for visibility flags ([6442a01](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/6442a01))
+- Many methods are made private according to CRuby visibility ([4a0e806](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/4a0e806))
+- Generate OP_SSEND for `self.method` type calls ([111fe4b](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/111fe4b))
+- `initialize` method will be always private ([eb8b412](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/eb8b412))
+- Add new hooks `method_removed`, `method_undefined` ([9c74f6e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/9c74f6e))
+- Add new hooks `singleton_method_removed`, `singleton_method_undefined` ([0863c08](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0863c08))
+- Updated `OP_DEF` output from codedump ([3a3e877](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/3a3e877))
+- Better handling of binary strings, e.g. String#b ([b0127f0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b0127f0))
+- Hash `to_s` format has changed ([baeeb5e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/baeeb5e))
+- Some encoding related method such as `#force_encoding` ([e47b4ca](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e47b4ca)), `#b` ([b0127f0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b0127f0))
+- Constant folding for `String#+` ([6687bdd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/6687bdd))
+- Remove Float bit-operation ([db8368f](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/db8368f))
+- use SWAR technique for strlen performance ([cbb31e6](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/cbb31e6))
+- use merge sort for `Array#sort` ([5bd63d6](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/5bd63d6))
 
 # Changes in C API
 
-- add new error handling API functions ([8c8bbd9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/8c8bbd9))
-- Add `mrb_vm_ci_env_clear()` function with `MRB_API` ([#5945](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5945))
-- a new function `mrb_check_frozen_value()` ([ccdf75c](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/ccdf75c))
-- avoid formatting in `mrb_bug()` ([82a48bd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/82a48bd)) <br>
-  **_NOTE_**: If you are using it, you must give a simple string or replace it with a call to `mrb_raise()` series.
-- stop using `mrbc_` prefix for compiler context ([c5e3cbe](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/c5e3cbe)) <br>
-  The same names are provided as before, but we recommend replacing them.
-- Allow `Class#allocate` to be prohibited
-  ([#5979](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5979), [#6122](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6122), [#6123](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6123)) <br>
-  To disable `#allocate`, use `MRB_UNDEF_ALLOCATOR()`.
-  This is also automatically applied when the subclass is created, but to explicitly allow it, use `MRB_DEFINE_ALLOCATOR()`.
+- pool.c renamed to mempool.c (and mrb_pool to mrb_mempool) ([49525fa](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/49525fa))
+- mrb_pool_value renamed to mrb_irep_pool to reduce confusion ([62ef5db](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/62ef5db))
+- rename BOXNIX_SET_VALUE to BOXNO_SET_VALUE ([#6397](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6397))
+- `MRB_FROZEN_P()` is replaced by `mrb_frozen_p()` ([c11d18e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/c11d18e))
+- rename `color` to `gc_color` ([0e79f6b](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0e79f6b), [1e36d76](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/1e36d76))
+- add `obj->frozen` instead of flags `MRB_SET_FROZEN_FLAG`/`MRB_UNSET_FROZEN_FLAG` ([8276143](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/8276143))
+
+# Build & Configuration
+
+- New Build Target: `test:run:serial`, `test:run:serial:lib`, `test:run:serial:bin` ([#6423](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6423))
+- New Platform: PlayStation Portable ([#6022](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6465))
+- New Platform: emscripten ([#6487](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6487))
+- New Config: no-float (with MRB_NO_FLOAT) ([32200f1](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/32200f1))
 
 # Changes in mrbgems
 
-- **default.gembox**: Add mruby debugger mrdb (`mruby-bin-debugger`) ([#5966](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5966))
-- **mruby-bin-config**: new options `--cxx`, `--cxxflags`, `--as`, `--asflags`, `--objc`, `--objcflags` ([#6054](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6054))
-- **mruby-binding**: renamed from `mruby-binding-core` of mruby3.2 ([11af5db](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/11af5db)) <br>
-  **_NOTE_**: If using `mruby-binding-core` of mruby 3.2, replace it with `mruby-binding`.
-- **mruby-binding**: implemented `Binding#initialize_copy` method ([#5517](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5517))
-- **mruby-binding**: `Kernel#binding` responds only to calls from Ruby ([#5981](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5981))
-- **mruby-compar-ext**: Comparable#clamp to accept nil as arguments ([836bebc](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/836bebc))
-- **mruby-compiler**: add print name for identifier tokens ([d7b2e3a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/d7b2e3a))
-- **mruby-data**: allow empty Data ([927a9df](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/927a9df))
-- **mruby-enumerator**: remove internal attribute methods `obj`, `args`, `kwd`, `meth`, `fib`. ([735fa24](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/735fa24))
-- **mruby-enumerator**: add Enumerator#size ([861f8bd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/861f8bd))
-- **mruby-eval**: merged `mruby-binding` of mruby3.2 ([501b22a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/501b22a), [#5989](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5989)) <br>
-  **_NOTE_**: If using `mruby-binding` of mruby 3.2, replace it with `mruby-eval`.
-- **mruby-fiber**: Add a new `mrb_fiber_new()` with `MRB_API` ([#6097](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6097))
-- **mruby-fiber**: Allows calling `Fiber#resume` from C ([#6106](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6106))
-- **mruby-fiber**: `Fiber#to_s` format changed ([#6105](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6105))
-- **mruby-io**: add File#atime and File#ctime ([321cfe9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/321cfe9))
-- **mruby-io**: Add "x" mode option for `IO.open` ([#6081](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6081))
-- **mruby-io**: File.new should not take blocks ([53de964](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/53de964))
-- **mruby-method**: `Method#to_s` format changed ([f5bc82f](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/f5bc82f), [02f189c](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/02f189c))
-- **mruby-numeric-ext**: `int.pow(n,m)` to take bigint as exponential ([d482eab](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/d482eab))
-- **mruby-pack**: support new directives `j`, `J`, `b`, `B`, `#`
-  ([2a1e3a5](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/2a1e3a5), [e7021f1](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e7021f1), [e17f325](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e17f325))
-- **mruby-range-ext**: new method `Range#overlap?` ([384d0e2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/384d0e2))
-- **mruby-string-ext**: Add `String#valid_encoding?` method ([eabe2d9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/eabe2d9))
-- **mruby-struct**: allow empty Struct when a name is not given ([c212ede](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/c212ede))
-- **mruby-time**: should allow year before 1900 ([e5de08b](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e5de08b))
-- **mruby-time**: support bigint to time_t if necessary ([7096d27](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/7096d27))
-- **mruby-time**: need to handle negative time_t ([b064d7e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b064d7e))
+- **mruby-print**: removed; if you do not use `mruby-io`, mruby use `#print` etc. in the core ([8c8bbd9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/8c8bbd9))
+- **mruby-enum-lazy**: Add Enumerable::Lazy#grep_v to mruby-enum-lazy ([#6171](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6171))
+- **mruby-io**: Add `level` argument to `File.dirname` ([#6463](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6463))
+- **mruby-io**: File.absolute_path? ([#6482](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6482))
+- **mruby-io**: File.absolute_path ([96113a2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/96113a2))
+- **mruby-toplevel-ext**: top-level public/private/protected moved to the core ([2a876d2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/2a876d2))
+- **mruby-metaprog**: method list methods now works according to the visibility ([9229da1](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/9229da1))
+- **mruby-metaprog**: `public_instance_methods`, `private_instance_methods`, `protected_instance_methods` ([9e3e7b2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/9e3e7b2))
+- **mruby-encoding**: MRB_UTF8_STRING turned on automatically with this gem ([74bdae9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/74bdae9))
 
-# Changes in build system
+# Fixed GitHub Issues
 
-- Extended `rake install` task ([#5928](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5928)) <br>
-  **_NOTE_**: Due to this impact, executable files in the `mruby/bin/` directory by default are now symbolic links (batch files on Windows).
-  If previously relied on those executables, should be replaced with direct references to the entity created under the build directory (e.g. `mruby/build/host/bin/`).
-- Encode and decode escape characters for presym ([#6011](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6011))
-- Rakefile: remove default build target directories in `deep_clean` ([#6032](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6032), [1e38569](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/1e38569))
+- [#6173](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6173) Fails to build with tcc(Tiny C Compiler)
+- [#6156](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6156) '/LIBPATH' issue
+- [#6183](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6183) ".e".to_f returns NAN
+- [#6182](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6182) mrb_read_float() converts "0.3" with a small error compared to strtod()
+- [#6210](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6210) Unary minus seems broken
+- [#6255](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6255) Wrong number of characters in broken UTF-8 string
+- [#4038](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/4038) Heap buffer overflow in OP_ENTER
+- [#6262](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6262) Unable to define == for objects when using Array#delete
+- [#6267](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6267) When MRB_UTF8_STRING is enabled, giving byte characters for String#index and String#split gives wrong results
+- [#6277](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6277) MSVC: can't use malloc() in string.c with WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+- [#6240](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6240) Differentiate between lib and lib64 in the build settings.
+- [#6304](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6304) Calling method_missing with only Kwargs passes arguments incorrectly
+- [#6317](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6317) mrb_gc_register() may cause GC and collect the object being protected
+- [#6307](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6307) Planned change patch for mrb_vm_exec()
+- [#6298](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6298) foo :bar {} is legal in mruby?
+- [#6326](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6326) Detect “Use-after-free” with address sanitizer
+- [#5358](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5358) static warning from getpwnam
+- [#6339](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6339) mrb_ary_delete() may refer to an invalid address (use-after-free)
+- [#6346](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6346) Block kwargs are passed as last positional arg when using yield
+- [#6365](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6365) powl() not available when compiling for Dreamcast
+- [#6369](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6369) 100x Performance Regression from 3.1
+- [#6270](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6270) NODE_ZSUPER from deeply nested blocks will result in a truncated digits for block index in OP_ARGARY
+- [#6297](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6297) Assigning to a block variable changes the actual block (thus affecting block_given? and yield)
+- [#6389](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6389) instance_exec named block args don't work properly
+- [#6388](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6388) Recent commit broke my windows build
+- [#6411](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6411) Wrong function unwinding when using return in a block
+- [#6439](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6439) OP_JMPUW does not call the ensure block when it jumps to the beginning of the begin block
+- [#6441](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6441) break inside while loop will execute the ensure block outside of the while loop
+- [#6453](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6453) Bigint: incorrect behavior of ^ operator
+- [#6452](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6452) Bigint: weird mod behavior
+- [#6451](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6451) Bigint: incorrect division behavior
+- [#6456](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6456) bigint: bug with division of a small number by a bigint
+- [#6466](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6466) mruby-bin-mruby using Kernel#p and Kernel#print in bintest fails test
+- [#6467](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6467) Heap-Use-After-Free due to Recursive group_by Calls
+- [#6471](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6471) Discrepancy in codegen for binary operations between master branch and 3.3.0
+- [#6477](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6477) heap-buffer-overflow in mrb_vm_exec
+- [#6485](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6485) Hash#rehash does not check if the hash is frozen
+- [#6483](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6483) Hash#default_proc= accepts arbitrary objects that are not callable
+- [#6491](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6491) Destroy existing string literals when composing string literals
 
-# Other breaking changes
+# Merged Pull Requests (User Visible Ones)
 
-- `mrb_f_raise()` is now an internal function
-  ([#5923](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5923), [#6070](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6070))
-- `mrb_make_exception()` is now an internal function with different parameters
-  ([431f83e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/431f83e), [78137f3](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/78137f3))
-- The `File#path` method no longer uses the `#to_path` method for implicit conversion
-  ([d86c4a7](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/d86c4a7))
-- stop mrb isolation for each test file ([a20fbe5](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a20fbe5))
-- RBreak remembers the CI location ([#6103](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6103))
-
-# Bugs Fixed
-
-- [#5724](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5724) Rational#\*\* is missing
-- [#5725](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5725) weird const_missing exceptions in mrblib code
-- [#5789](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5789) No memory release of backtrace information due to stack error
-- [#5932](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5932) How to create a block using the C API? mrb_yield keeps crashing!
-- [#5943](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5943) TCPSocket#write is failed
-- [#5944](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5944) Behavior of calling method with a hash variable
-- [#5946](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5946) Don't switch constant search path from modules to Object
-- [#5949](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5949) Caller appears to report wrong line when block passed and brackets omitted
-- [0906cd7](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0906cd7) numeric.c: fix rounding function issues with big numbers
-- [#5974](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5974) Invalid escape sequences in gem_init.c on windows
-- [#5975](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5975) Equals comparison fails on extreme ends of 64-bit integers
-- [#5985](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5985) Sign extension with OP_LOADI32 in get_int_operand()
-- [#5986](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5986) Fix bugs in String#bytesplice
-- [#5987](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5987) ~(-1 << 64) is incorrect
-- [#5991](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5991) 'gets' method not working in mruby-3.2.0
-- [#5994](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5994) fix typo in mrbgems/mruby-io/src/io.c
-- [#5995](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5995) One seemingly unnecessary parameter is passed in the block parameters
-- [#6008](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6008) Make "bintest" independent of directory
-- [b47c8b7](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b47c8b7) gc.c (clear_all_old): fix a generational GC bug
-- [#6029](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6029) mruby build fails under mrbgems directory
-- [a264965](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a264965) mruby-os-memsize/memsize.c: fix irep size calculation
-- [3310e10](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/3310e10) mruby-test/mrbgem.rake: fix mrb_state handling bug
-- [#6041](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6041) GC Performance may have degraded
-- [#6044](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6044) Generated presym/table.h contains invalid characters
-- [#6051](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6051) Null pointer dereference in mrb_addrinfo_unix_path
-- [#6052](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6052) Null pointer dereference while handling the Proc class
-- [#6055](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6055) Fix libmruby name for VisualC++
-- [#6060](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6060) SEGFAULT Issue Related to Fiber Usage in ngx_mruby Development
-- [#6061](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6061) Performance issue in String#codepoints
-- [#6064](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6064) MRUBY_PACKAGE_DIR does not always have a value.
-- [#6065](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6065) Null pointer dereference while handling the Proc class
-- [#6066](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6066) Null pointer dereference involving Struct.new()
-- [#6067](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6067) Null pointer dereference in mrb_string_value_cstr
-- [#6068](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6068) Stack overflow in mrb_vm_exec
-- [#6076](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6076) Fixed unwinding block that could point to invalid PC
-- [#6084](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6084) Incorrect symbolic sinks in binary built on Linux
-- [#6087](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6087) 'Remote branch HEAD not found in upstream origin' error on build
-- [#6089](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6089) binding.eval() handles def expressions differently from CRuby
-- [#6098](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6098) Fails to call superclass of wrapped method
-- [#6099](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6099) `ensure` section is not executed if the function exits via a return in a proc
-- [#6108](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6108) VM crashes with break
-- [#6118](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6118) Fixed IO#read with buf
-- [#6120](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6120) Set EBADF if check_file_descriptor() fails
-- [#6126](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6126) Fixed return value of `OP_RETURN_BLK` called directly under C function
-- [#6134](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6134) String#unpack1 returns an array instead of a single string
-- [#6136](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6136) Fixed when combined `mrb_fiber_resume()` and `Fiber#transfer`
-
-# Pull Requests (User Visible Ones)
-
-- [#5517](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5517) Fixed local variables not separated between copied binding objects
-- [#5902](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5902) Replace `MRB_NO_DIRECT_THREADING` with `MRB_USE_VM_SWITCH_DISPATCH`
-- [#5923](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5923) Demotion `mrb_f_raise()` from `MRB_API`
-- [#5928](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5928) Improved `rake install`
-- [#5945](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5945) Avoid exposure for `REnv` objects
-- [#5946](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5946) Don't switch constant search path from modules to Object
-- [#5966](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5966) Update default.gembox add mruby debugger mrdb
-- [#5979](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5979) Allow Class#allocate to be prohibited
-- [#5981](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5981) `Kernel#binding` responds only to calls from Ruby
-- [#5989](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5989) Integrate mruby-binding-eval into mruby-eval
-- [#5961](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5961) Add Docker to build and run all mruby tests. Run pre-commit and generate YARD docs with Docker
-- [#5994](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5994) fix typo in mrbgems/mruby-io/src/io.c
-- [#6008](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6008) Make "bintest" independent of directory
-- [#6009](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6009) Avoid adding <MRUBY_ROOT>/bintest which does not exist
-- [#6011](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6011) Encode and decode escape characters for presym
-- [#6012](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6012) Allow tests to be disabled for specific gems; warn about disabled tests
-- [#6013](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6013) Fix Android toolchain
-- [#6022](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6022) Build configuration for MS-DOS and DJGPP
-- [#6032](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6032) Rake: update task clean to remove bin and build folders
-- [#6045](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6045) Fixes escape sequence bug and enhancements in Presym scanning
-- [#6054](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6054) Extends `bin/mruby-config`
-- [#6055](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6055) Fix libmruby name for VisualC++
-- [#6070](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6070) Demotion mrb_f_raise() in kernel.c from MRB_API too
-- [#6076](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6076) Fixed unwinding block that could point to invalid PC
-- [#6081](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6081) Add "x" mode option for IO.open
-- [#6086](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6086) Add build config for Nintendo Wii
-- [#6097](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6097) Add a new mrb_fiber_new() with MRB_API
-- [#6103](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6103) RBreak remembers the CI location
-- [#6105](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6105) Implement `Fiber#to_s` method
-- [#6106](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6106) Ease fiber limitations
-- [#6118](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6118) Fixed IO#read with buf
-- [#6120](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6120) Set EBADF if check_file_descriptor() fails
-- [#6122](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6122) Prohibit `Class#allocate` in a different way
-- [#6123](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6123) Inherit `MRB_FL_UNDEF_ALLOCATE` in subclasses
-- [#6125](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6125) Allow `OP_RETURN_BLK` to cross C boundaries
-- [#6126](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6126) Fixed return value of `OP_RETURN_BLK` called directly under C function
-- [#6130](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6130) `dreamcast_shelf build config`: complete overhaul
-- [#6136](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6136) Fixed when combined `mrb_fiber_resume()` and `Fiber#transfer`
+- [#6171](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6171) Add Enumerable::Lazy#grep_v to mruby-enum-lazy
+- [#6174](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6174) Fix MRUBY_PACKAGE_DIR in mruby-config.bat
+- [#6175](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6175) Corrected strange conditional in mrb_vm_run()
+- [#6176](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6176) Stop assuming alias proc in CI_PROC_SET()
+- [#6177](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6177) gha: add macOS 14 to the build
+- [#6184](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6184) Remove the L_STOP label
+- [#6185](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6185) Added mrb_callinfo::u.keep_context for clarity
+- [#6186](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6186) Omit NULL check of e->cxt in OP_RETURN_BLK
+- [#6191](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6191) Speed up symbol equality comparison
+- [#6192](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6192) Fix `OP_STOP` with exception
+- [#6193](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6193) Fix wrong assertion in `OP_SENDB`.
+- [#6194](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6194) Simplify the calculation of the number of closures in `MRB_TT_FIBER`
+- [#6197](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6197) Fix int_xor to call flo_xor.
+- [#6201](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6201) tasks/doc.rake: standardize the `rake doc` error messages
+- [#6202](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6202) Remove the `.yardoc` folder with `rake doc:clean:api`
+- [#6204](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6204) Clean up the `.editorconfig` file
+- [#6209](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6209) Minor `.gitignore` clean up
+- [#6211](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6211) Minor `.gitignore` clean up; order entries
+- [#6216](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6216) Shared empty `iv_tbl` of module
+- [#6217](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6217) Strict declaration for `mrb_istruct_size()`
+- [#6219](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6219) Avoid assigning a fixed value in the loop
+- [#6220](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6220) Reorganize `mrb_cache_entry` and `mrb_method_t` types
+- [#6221](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6221) Arranging `each_backtrace()`
+- [#6222](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6222) Need to synchronize `dbg->regs` after VM call in `mrdb`
+- [#6224](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6224) `mrb_env_unshare()` to break the link to fiber
+- [#6225](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6225) Revert "Adjust environment when `mrb_exec_irep` happened."
+- [#6227](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6227) fix: `Array#shuffle(!)` result distribution
+- [#6228](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6228) Revert "`env` referred from top-level callinfo should not be unshared; fix #4019"
+- [#6230](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6230) Fix status of fiber after switched by exception raised
+- [#6231](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6231) Add a way to let other gems handle closing of fds in mruby-io
+- [#6232](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6232) Fold the code for freeing `env`
+- [#6233](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6233) Free stack memory at end of fiber
+- [#6235](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6235) fix `Array#delete` always firing the block when deleting `nil`
+- [#6236](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6236) unify the code for filter methods (and speed up `#reject!`)
+- [#6237](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6237) Stricter env objects to attach to ci
+- [#6238](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6238) Minimize zero initialization of the stack
+- [#6243](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6243) Fixed base64 decoding in `mruby-pack`
+- [#6244](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6244) Revise scope of role of `mrb_vm_run()`
+- [#6246](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6246) Fix typo in `test/t/hash.rb`
+- [#6249](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6249) Fix spelling in `src/vm.c`
+- [#6250](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6250) Fix spelling
+- [#6251](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6251) Clean up root move `CODEOWNERS` to `.github` directory
+- [#6253](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6253) Allow recycling fibers by GC if not referenced directly
+- [#6256](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6256) Update documentation for `mrb_top_run()`
+- [#6257](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6257) fix some mrbconf.md typos
+- [#6260](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6260) Remove `exc_caught` from `mrb_vm_exec()`
+- [#6261](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6261) fix: `to_a` integer ranges with `begin > end` failing
+- [#6263](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6263) fix: `Array#delete` mistakenly calling block even if not passed
+- [#6264](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6264) Must pass keyword arguments for `Kernel#to_enum`
+- [#6265](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6265) Fixes `Dir.children` and `Dir.each_child`
+- [#6266](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6266) Passes the nonexistent key as a block argument in `Array#delete`
+- [#6273](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6273) Improvements to `mrb_protect_atexit()`
+- [#6275](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6275) Fixed `Binding#eval` that failed to assign to the same variable
+- [#6276](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6276) Always run `atexit` on the top-level call frame
+- [#6279](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6279) Include headers for malloc() explicitly; fix #6277
+- [#6280](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6280) Remove `MRB_ENV_CLOSED` flag
+- [#6281](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6281) Fixes local variables in `mruby-binding`.
+- [#6283](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6283) Simplify `uvenv()`
+- [#6288](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6288) Detach `env` of ci explicitly on atexit
+- [#6289](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6289) Simplify `OP_RETURN_BLK` and `OP_BREAK`
+- [#6290](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6290) Allow to change the output directory name of the `libmruby` file
+- [#6293](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6293) Changed the instruction table in `opcode.md`
+- [#6294](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6294) Optimise `mrb_iv_get`
+- [#6302](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6302) Minor cleanup in mrb_str_init
+- [#6303](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6303) mrb_str_aset_m() should return replace instead of str
+- [#6305](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6305) Protect keyword arguments in `prepare_missing()`
+- [#6308](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6308) Assume that `MRB_CATCH()` has `mrb->exc` set
+- [#6310](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6310) Doubling the call stack when extending it
+- [#6311](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6311) Added fast-path for positional arguments less than 15 in `OP_SEND`
+- [#6312](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6312) Omit error checking at `OP_RETURN`, `OP_RETURN_BLK` and `OP_BREAK`
+- [#6313](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6313) Fix wrong column number in opcode.md
+- [#6314](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6314) Optimize even?/odd? for big integers
+- [#6318](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6318) Shrink variables in `mrb_vm_exec()`
+- [#6320](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6320) Shrinking the code in `OP_BREAK` and `OP_RETURN_BLK`
+- [#6321](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6321) Avoid warnings in `lib/**/*.rb`
+- [#6322](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6322) Fix mrb_ro_data_p on Intel Mac
+- [#6324](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6324) Remove `localjump_error()`
+- [#6327](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6327) fix ncurses linking issues
+- [#6328](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6328) Fix use-after-free in `obj_free()` for env objects
+- [#6329](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6329) Fix use-after-free in `mrb_obj_alloc()`
+- [#6330](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6330) Add a precondition to call `mrb_env_unshare()`.
+- [#6331](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6331) Restore the GC arena with tests
+- [#6332](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6332) Must not depend on the “host” build to generate `mruby-compiler/core/y.tab.c`
+- [#6333](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6333) Reduce the number of branch instructions in the `heap_p()`
+- [#6335](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6335) Add `return_ci` in `CHECKPOINT_MAIN()` of `OP_RETURN`
+- [#6338](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6338) Need to place static proc objects into 8-byte alignments
+- [#6340](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6340) Fix use-after-free for `Array#<=>`
+- [#6341](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6341) Need to restore the GC arena after some function calls
+- [#6344](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6344) prefer using `mrb_yield` to call block arguments
+- [#6347](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6347) codegen.c,parse.y: remove flattening of `yield` arguments; fix #6346
+- [#6348](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6348) Cancel the warning disablement
+- [#6349](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6349) Perform GC before deleting directories
+- [#6350](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6350) Fixed character encoding conversion function mismatch
+- [#6351](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6351) Remove unnecessary `mrb_gc_arena_restore()`
+- [#6353](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6353) Fix use-after-free in `mrb_ary_delete()`
+- [#6356](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6356) Making splat argument objects invisible from Ruby side
+- [#6373](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6373) Add build config for Milk-V Duo (RISC-V Linux) board
+- [#6382](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6382) Make array objects invisible in `mrb_gc_register()`
+- [#6385](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6385) Small improvements for `mrb_gc_register()`
+- [#6386](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6386) Avoid calling `mrb_gv_set()` from `mrb_gc_unregister()`
+- [#6387](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6387) Small improvements for `mrb_gc_unregister()`
+- [#6390](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6390) Fix use-after-free by `mrb_gc_unregistor()`
+- [#6391](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6391) Fixed argument forwarding in `instance_exec`
+- [#6392](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6392) Fix argument forwarding in `mrb_exec_irep()`
+- [#6393](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6393) Follow-up to #6391
+- [#6395](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6395) Storing method-id inside Symbol#to_proc
+- [#6396](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6396) Milk-V Build Config: update GPIO gem URL
+- [#6397](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6397) boxing_no.h: rename BOXNIX_SET_VALUE -> BOXNO_SET_VALUE
+- [#6399](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6399) Add macOS 15 to the build
+- [#6405](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6405) `io_read`: use `%i` instead of `%d` in call to `mrb_raisef`
+- [#6407](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6407) Allow to exclude specific files in `rake install`
+- [#6408](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6408) Improve compliance with C++ standards
+- [#6410](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6410) Put `#include <stdlib.h>` in `parse.y`
+- [#6412](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6412) Distinguish the call frame of the generator with `OP_RETURN_BLK`
+- [#6413](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6413) Add links to documentation in `README.md`
+- [#6415](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6415) Fix numbered parameters when used as a singleton
+- [#6416](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6416) Optimize the "new" method's iseq
+- [#6419](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6419) Follow Ruby's behavior for numbered parameters in -> {}
+- [#6420](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6420) Update `labeler.yml`: add label for the `tools` directory
+- [#6422](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6422) Add annotations for function names defined in the preprocessor
+- [#6423](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6423) Adding a serialized test task
+- [#6427](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6427) Need to update `ci` variable after re-entry to VM
+- [#6428](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6428) Change the limits of OP_ADDI and OP_SUBI from 0-127 to 0-255.
+- [#6429](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6429) Fix numbered parameters when used as hash keys
+- [#6432](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6432) Moving code in macro arguments out of macros
+- [#6434](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6434) Added document "Layout of the mruby filesystem"
+- [#6436](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6436) Make `rake doc:update-index` prettier friendly
+- [#6437](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6437) Add more details to the pre-commit config
+- [#6438](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6438) Remove unused `MRuby::Build#list_install_excludes` method
+- [#6440](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6440) Fix `redo` keyword
+- [#6442](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6442) Fixed wrong range condition in `OP_JMPUW`
+- [#6443](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6443) Fix NODE_NEGATE for bigints
+- [#6444](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6444) Add test cases for bigints
+- [#6446](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6446) Omit the `_WIN64` definition check
+- [#6447](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6447) Fixed `File.expand_path`
+- [#6448](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6448) Suppress presym in `mruby/ext/io.h` file
+- [#6449](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6449) Using presym in the `mruby-io/src/file_test.c` file
+- [#6450](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6450) Change `MRB_WITH_IO_PREAD_PWRITE` configuration name
+- [#6454](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6454) mruby-bigint: handle rhs bigint in int_mod and int_divmod functions
+- [#6455](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6455) mruby-bigint: fix rounding behavior in mpz_mdiv and mpz_mdivmod functions
+- [#6457](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6457) bigint: fix bug with division of a small number by a bigint
+- [#6459](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6459) `FileTest` is a module
+- [#6461](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6461) To create a release package file in draft
+- [#6462](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6462) Properly cast the return value of `memchr()`
+- [#6463](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6463) Add `level` argument to `File.dirname`
+- [#6465](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6465) Add initial PlayStation portable crossbuild support
+- [#6468](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6468) Fixed missing changes to `IB_FIND_BY_KEY()` parameter names
+- [#6469](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6469) Add more `const` qualifier for `RProc`
+- [#6472](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6472) Moved tests for `Integer#quo`
+- [#6473](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6473) Hide `mpz_and()` symbol
+- [#6473](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6473) Hide mpz_and() symbol
+- [#6474](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6474) Avoid array object creation with “unknown keyword” error
+- [#6475](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6475) Don't include deleted mruby-print
+- [#6478](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6478) Fixed buffer overrun in function `chars2bytes()`
+- [#6479](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6479) Reimplementation of `File.expand_path` method
+- [#6482](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6482) Add `File.absolute_path?` method
+- [#6487](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6487) Add Emscripten toolchain & build_config

README.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan.
 
 ## How to get mruby
 
-To get mruby, you can download the stable version 3.3.0 from the official mruby
+To get mruby, you can download the stable version 3.4.0 from the official mruby
 GitHub repository or clone the trunk of the mruby source tree with the "git
 clone" command. You can also install and compile mruby using [ruby-install](https://github.com/postmodern/ruby-install), [ruby-build](https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build) or [rvm](https://github.com/rvm/rvm).
 
@@ -85,6 +85,30 @@ extensions in C and/or Ruby. For a guide on how to use mrbgems, consult the
 [mrbgems.md](doc/guides/mrbgems.md) file, and for example code, refer to the
 [examples/mrbgems/](examples/mrbgems) folder.
 
+## Index of Document
+
+<!--
+    This section is generated by `rake doc:update-index`.
+    All manual changes will get lost.
+-->
+
+<!-- BEGIN OF MRUBY DOCUMENT INDEX -->
+
+- [About the Limitations of mruby](doc/limitations.md)
+- [About the Compile](doc/guides/compile.md)
+- [About the Debugger with the `mrdb` Command](doc/guides/debugger.md)
+- [About GC Arena](doc/guides/gc-arena-howto.md)
+- [About the mruby directory structure](doc/guides/hier.md)
+- [About Linking with `libmruby`](doc/guides/link.md)
+- [About Memory Allocator Customization](doc/guides/memory.md)
+- [About Build-time Configurations](doc/guides/mrbconf.md)
+- [About the Build-time Library Manager](doc/guides/mrbgems.md)
+- [About the Symbols](doc/guides/symbol.md)
+- [Internal Implementation / About Value Boxing](doc/internal/boxing.md)
+- [Internal Implementation / About mruby Virtual Machine Instructions](doc/internal/opcode.md)
+
+<!-- END OF MRUBY DOCUMENT INDEX -->
+
 ## License
 
 mruby is released under the [MIT License](LICENSE).

appveyor.yml

@@ -4,39 +4,39 @@ shallow_clone: true
 
 environment:
   matrix:
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2022 64bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2022 64-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2022
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2019 64bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2019 64-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2019
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2019 32bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2019 32-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars32.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2019
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2017 64bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2017 64-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2017
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2017 32bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2017 32-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars32.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2017
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2015 64bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2015 64-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2015
       machine: x86_amd64
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2015 32bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2015 32-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2015
       machine: x86
 
 init:
   - call "%visualcpp%" %machine%
-  # For using RubyInstaller's Ruby 2.6 64bit
+  # For using RubyInstaller's Ruby 2.6 64-bit
   # 2.6 is the highest supported Ruby version across all historical
   # Visual Studio AppVeyor images. Ruby 2.7 is only on the 2019 image.
   - set PATH=C:\Ruby26-x64\bin;%PATH%
@@ -44,5 +44,4 @@ init:
 
 build_script:
   - set MRUBY_CONFIG=ci/msvc
-  - rake -m test:build
-  - rake test:run
+  - rake -m test:run:serial

benchmark/bm_so_mandelbrot.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#  The Computer Language Benchmarks Game
+#  http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/
+#
+#  contributed by Karl von Laudermann
+#  modified by Jeremy Echols
+
+size = 600 # ARGV[0].to_i
+
+puts "P4\n#{size} #{size}"
+
+ITER = 49                           # Iterations - 1 for easy for..in looping
+LIMIT_SQUARED = 4.0                 # Presquared limit
+
+byte_acc = 0
+bit_num = 0
+
+count_size = size - 1               # Precomputed size for easy for..in looping
+
+# For..in loops are faster than .upto, .downto, .times, etc.
+for y in 0..count_size
+  for x in 0..count_size
+    zr = 0.0
+    zi = 0.0
+    cr = (2.0*x/size)-1.5
+    ci = (2.0*y/size)-1.0
+    escape = false
+
+    # To make use of the for..in code, we use a dummy variable,
+    # like one would in C
+    for dummy in 0..ITER
+      tr = zr*zr - zi*zi + cr
+      ti = 2*zr*zi + ci
+      zr, zi = tr, ti
+
+      if (zr*zr+zi*zi) > LIMIT_SQUARED
+        escape = true
+        break
+      end
+    end
+
+    byte_acc = (byte_acc << 1) | (escape ? 0b0 : 0b1)
+    bit_num += 1
+
+    # Code is very similar for these cases, but using separate blocks
+    # ensures we skip the shifting when it's unnecessary, which is most cases.
+    if (bit_num == 8)
+      print byte_acc.chr
+      byte_acc = 0
+      bit_num = 0
+    elsif (x == count_size)
+      byte_acc <<= (8 - bit_num)
+      print byte_acc.chr
+      byte_acc = 0
+      bit_num = 0
+    end
+  end
+end

build_config/ArduinoDue.rb

@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("ArduinoDue") do |conf|
   conf.disable_cxx_exception
 
   #gems from core
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-ext"
 

build_config/IntelGalileo.rb

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("Galileo") do |conf|
 
   #official mrbgems
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-sprintf"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-time"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-struct"

build_config/RX630.rb

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("RX630") do |conf|
 
   #gems from core
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-sprintf"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-ext"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-numeric-ext"

build_config/chipKITMax32.rb

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("chipKITMax32") do |conf|
   conf.disable_cxx_exception
 
   #gems from core
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-ext"
 

build_config/ci/gcc-clang.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new('full-debug') do |conf|
 
   # include all core GEMs
   conf.gembox 'full-core'
-  conf.cc.defines += %w(MRB_GC_STRESS MRB_USE_DEBUG_HOOK MRB_UTF8_STRING)
+  conf.cc.defines += %w(MRB_GC_STRESS MRB_USE_DEBUG_HOOK)
 
   conf.enable_test
 end
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   conf.gembox 'full-core'
   conf.gem :core => 'mruby-bin-debugger'
   conf.compilers.each do |c|
-    c.defines += %w(MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA MRB_UTF8_STRING)
+    c.defines += %w(MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA)
   end
   conf.enable_bintest
   conf.enable_test
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new('cxx_abi') do |conf|
   conf.gembox 'full-core'
   conf.cc.flags += %w(-fpermissive -std=gnu++03)
   conf.compilers.each do |c|
-    c.defines += %w(MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA MRB_UTF8_STRING)
+    c.defines += %w(MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA)
   end
   conf.enable_test
 

build_config/default.rb

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   # gperf settings
   # conf.gperf do |gperf|
   #   gperf.command = 'gperf'
-  #   gperf.compile_options = %q[-L ANSI-C -C -p -j1 -i 1 -g -o -t -N mrb_reserved_word -k"1,3,$" "%{infile}" > "%{outfile}"]
+  #   gperf.compile_options = %q[-L ANSI-C -C -j1 -i 1 -o -t -N mrb_reserved_word -k"1,3,$" "%{infile}" > "%{outfile}"]
   # end
 
   # file extensions
@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   # file separator
   # conf.file_separator = '/'
 
+  # change library directory name from the default "lib" if necessary
+  # conf.libdir_name = 'lib64'
+
   # Turn on `enable_debug` for better debugging
   # conf.enable_debug
   conf.enable_bintest

build_config/dreamcast_shelf.rb

@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("dreamcast") do |conf|
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-error"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-exit"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-os-memsize"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-proc-binding"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-sleep"
 end

build_config/emscripten-cxx.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Make sure to add these compile options:
+#   build/emscripten-cxx/host-bin/mruby-config --cxxflags
+#
+# Make sure to add these link options:
+#   build/emscripten-cxx/host-bin/mruby-config --ldflags --libs
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new('emscripten-cxx') do |conf|
+  conf.toolchain :emscripten
+
+  conf.gembox 'default'
+
+  conf.enable_cxx_abi
+end

build_config/emscripten.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Make sure to add these compile options:
+#   build/emscripten/host-bin/mruby-config --cflags
+#
+# Make sure to add these link options:
+#   build/emscripten/host-bin/mruby-config --ldflags --libs
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new('emscripten') do |conf|
+  conf.toolchain :emscripten
+
+  conf.gembox 'default'
+end

build_config/gameboyadvance.rb

@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("gameboyadvance") do |conf|
   conf.gem core: "mruby-metaprog"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-pack"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-sprintf"
-  conf.gem core: "mruby-print"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-math"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-time"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-struct"

build_config/host-debug.rb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new('host') do |conf|
   conf.gembox 'full-core'
 
   # C compiler settings
-  conf.cc.defines = %w(MRB_USE_DEBUG_HOOK MRB_NO_BOXING MRB_UTF8_STRING)
+  conf.cc.defines = %w(MRB_USE_DEBUG_HOOK MRB_NO_BOXING)
 
   # Generate mruby debugger command (require mruby-eval)
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-bin-debugger"

build_config/i586-pc-msdosdjgpp.rb

@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("i586-pc-msdosdjgpp") do |conf|
 
   conf.cc do |cc|
     cc.command = DJGPP_PATH ? File.join(DJGPP_PATH, GCC) : GCC
-    cc.defines << 'MRB_WITHOUT_IO_PREAD_PWRITE'
+    cc.defines << 'MRB_NO_IO_PREAD_PWRITE'
     cc.defines << 'MRB_UTF8_STRING'
   end
 
   conf.cxx do |cxx|
     cxx.command = DJGPP_PATH ? File.join(DJGPP_PATH, GXX) : GXX
-    cxx.defines << 'MRB_WITHOUT_IO_PREAD_PWRITE'
+    cxx.defines << 'MRB_NO_IO_PREAD_PWRITE'
     cxx.defines << 'MRB_UTF8_STRING'
   end
 
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("i586-pc-msdosdjgpp") do |conf|
   conf.gem :core => 'mruby-io'              # stdlib-io.gembox <- default.gembox
 # No socket support in DJGPP
 # conf.gem :core => 'mruby-socket'          # stdlib-io.gembox <- default.gembox
-  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-print'           # stdlib-io.gembox <- default.gembox
   conf.gem :core => 'mruby-errno'           # stdlib-io.gembox <- default.gembox
   conf.gem :core => 'mruby-dir'             # stdlib-io.gembox <- default.gembox
 

build_config/luckfox_pico.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+# Cross Compiling configuration for Luckfox Pico embedded SBC.
+#
+# To build on Ubuntu x86_64: rake MRUBY_CONFIG=build_config/luckfox_pico.rb
+# Uses Buildroot SDK for this board. Binaries run on the corresponding Linux image.
+# Requires: https://github.com/LuckfoxTECH/luckfox-pico
+#
+# NOTE: default config includes all standard mrbgems, EXCEPT: mruby-cmath
+#
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new("luckfox_pico") do |conf|
+  # Clone the luckfox-pico repo above next to (same directory level) as mruby.
+  SDK_BASE = File.realpath(File.expand_path("../../../", File.expand_path(__FILE__)) + "/luckfox-pico")
+  TOOLCHAIN_BASE = "#{SDK_BASE}/tools/linux/toolchain/arm-rockchip830-linux-uclibcgnueabihf"
+  SYSROOT = "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/arm-rockchip830-linux-uclibcgnueabihf/sysroot"
+
+  toolchain :gcc
+
+  # C compiler settings
+  conf.cc do |cc|
+    cc.command = "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/bin/arm-rockchip830-linux-uclibcgnueabihf-gcc"
+
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/lib/gcc/arm-rockchip830-linux-uclibcgnueabihf/8.3.0/include"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/lib/gcc/arm-rockchip830-linux-uclibcgnueabihf/8.3.0/include-fixed"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/arm-rockchip830-linux-uclibcgnueabihf/include/c++/8.3.0/arm-rockchip830-linux-uclibcgnueabihf"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{SYSROOT}/usr/include"
+
+    # Flags taken from the SDK's Makefile
+    cc.flags << ["-march=armv7-a", "-mfpu=neon", "-mfloat-abi=hard"]
+    cc.flags << ["-D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE", "-D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE", "-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64", "-ffunction-sections", "-fdata-sections"]
+    cc.flags << ["-O2", "-fPIC"]
+    cc.flags << ["-Wl,--copy-dt-needed-entries", "-Wl,-lc,-lgcc_s"]
+  end
+
+  # Linker settings
+  conf.linker do |linker|
+    linker.command = cc.command
+    linker.library_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/arm-rockchip830-linux-uclibcgnueabihf/lib"
+    linker.flags = cc.flags
+  end
+
+  # Archiver settings
+  conf.archiver do |archiver|
+    archiver.command = "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/bin/arm-rockchip830-linux-uclibcgnueabihf-ar"
+  end
+
+  # Do not build executable test
+  conf.build_mrbtest_lib_only
+
+  # Disable C++ exception
+  conf.disable_cxx_exception
+
+  # All standard gems.
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-array-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bigint/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-config/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-debugger/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mirb/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mrbc/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mruby/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-strip/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-binding/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-catch/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-class-ext/'
+  # SDK doesn't include complex math for uClibc
+  # conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-cmath/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-compar-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-compiler/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-complex/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-data/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-dir/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-chain/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-lazy/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enumerator/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-errno/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-error/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-eval/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-exit/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-fiber/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-hash-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-io/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-kernel-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-math/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-metaprog/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-method/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-numeric-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-object-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-objectspace/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-os-memsize/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-pack/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-binding/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-random/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-range-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-rational/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-set/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-sleep/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-socket/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-sprintf/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-struct/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-symbol-ext/'
+  # conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-test-inline-struct/'
+  # conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-test/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-time/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-toplevel-ext/'
+end

build_config/milkv_duo.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+# Cross Compiling configuration for Milk-V Duo.
+# To build (on Ubuntu 24.04): rake MRUBY_CONFIG=build_config/milkv_duo.rb
+#
+# Requires: https://github.com/milkv-duo/duo-sdk
+#
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new("milkv_duo") do |conf|
+  # Set this string to match your board: milkv_duo, milkv_duo256m, milkv_duos
+  MILKV_DUO_VARIANT = "milkv_duo256m"
+
+  # Expect duo-sdk directory is same level as (next to) mruby top-level directory.
+  SDK_BASE = File.expand_path("../../../", File.expand_path(__FILE__)) + "/duo-sdk"
+  TOOLCHAIN_BASE = "#{SDK_BASE}/riscv64-linux-musl-x86_64"
+  SYSROOT = "#{SDK_BASE}/rootfs"
+
+  toolchain :gcc
+
+  # C compiler settings
+  conf.cc do |cc|
+    cc.command = "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/bin/riscv64-unknown-linux-musl-gcc"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-linux/musl/10.2.0/include-fixed"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-linux/musl/10.2.0/include"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/riscv64-unknown-linux/include"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/include"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{SYSROOT}/usr/include"
+    cc.flags << ["-mcpu=c906fdv", "-march=rv64imafdcv0p7xthead", "-mcmodel=medany", "-mabi=lp64d"]
+    cc.flags << ["-D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE", "-D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE", "-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64"]
+    cc.flags << ["-Wl,--copy-dt-needed-entries", "-Wl,-lc,-lgcc_s,-lwiringx"]
+    cc.defines << "MILKV_DUO_VARIANT=_#{MILKV_DUO_VARIANT}"
+  end
+
+  # Linker settings
+  conf.linker do |linker|
+    linker.command = cc.command
+    linker.library_paths << ["#{SYSROOT}/lib", "#{SYSROOT}/usr/lib"]
+    linker.flags = cc.flags
+  end
+
+  # Archiver settings
+  conf.archiver do |archiver|
+    archiver.command = "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/bin/riscv64-unknown-linux-musl-gcc-ar"
+  end
+
+  # Do not build executable test
+  conf.build_mrbtest_lib_only
+
+  # Disable C++ exception
+  conf.disable_cxx_exception
+
+  # All standard gems.
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-array-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bigint/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-config/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-debugger/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mirb/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mrbc/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mruby/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-strip/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-binding/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-catch/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-class-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-cmath/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-compar-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-compiler/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-complex/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-data/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-dir/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-chain/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-lazy/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enumerator/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-errno/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-error/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-eval/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-exit/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-fiber/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-hash-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-io/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-kernel-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-math/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-metaprog/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-method/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-numeric-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-object-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-objectspace/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-os-memsize/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-pack/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-binding/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-random/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-range-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-rational/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-set/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-sleep/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-socket/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-sprintf/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-struct/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-symbol-ext/'
+  # conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-test-inline-struct/'
+  # conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-test/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-time/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-toplevel-ext/'
+
+  # GPIO, ADC, PWM, I2C and SPI support for Milk-V Duo
+  # conf.gem :github => 'denko-rb/mruby-milkv-duo'
+end

build_config/nintendo_wii.rb

@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("wii") do |conf|
   conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-objectspace/'
   conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-os-memsize/'
   conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-pack/'
-  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-print/'
   conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-binding/'
   conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-ext/'
   conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-random/'

build_config/no-float.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Define cross build settings
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new('no-float') do |conf|
+  conf.toolchain
+
+  # Add configuration
+  conf.compilers.each do |c|
+    c.defines << "MRB_NO_FLOAT"
+  end
+
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-bin-mruby"
+
+  conf.test_runner.command = 'env'
+
+  conf.enable_debug
+#  conf.enable_bintest
+  conf.enable_test
+end

build_config/playstationportable.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Cross Compiling configuration for the Sony PlayStation Portable.
+# This configuration requires toolchain from https://github.com/pspdev
+
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new("playstationportable") do |conf|
+  toolchain :gcc
+
+  PSPDEV_PATH = "#{ENV['PSPDEV']}"
+  BIN_PATH = "#{PSPDEV_PATH}/bin"
+
+  # C compiler
+  conf.cc do |cc|
+    cc.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/psp-gcc"
+    cc.flags << ["-O2", "-D_PSP_FW_VERSION=600"]
+    cc.include_paths << ["#{PSPDEV_PATH}/psp/include", "#{PSPDEV_PATH}/psp/sdk/include"]
+    cc.compile_options = %(%{flags} -o "%{outfile}" -c "%{infile}")
+  end
+
+  # C++ compiler
+  conf.cxx do |cxx|
+    cxx.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/psp-g++"
+    cxx.include_paths = conf.cc.include_paths.dup
+    cxx.flags = conf.cc.flags.dup
+    cxx.flags << %w[-fno-rtti -fno-exceptions]
+    cxx.defines = conf.cc.defines.dup
+    cxx.compile_options = conf.cc.compile_options.dup
+  end
+
+  # Linker
+  conf.linker do |linker|
+    linker.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/psp-gcc"
+    linker.flags << ["-Wl,-zmax-page-size=128"]
+  end
+
+  # No executables
+  conf.bins = []
+
+  # Do not build executable test
+  conf.build_mrbtest_lib_only
+
+  # Gems from core
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-metaprog"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-pack"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-sprintf"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-time"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-struct"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-compar-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-string-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-numeric-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-array-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-hash-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-range-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-proc-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-symbol-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-random"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-object-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-objectspace"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-fiber"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enumerator"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-lazy"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-toplevel-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-kernel-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-class-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-compiler"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-binding"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-catch"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-chain"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-errno"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-error"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-exit"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-os-memsize"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-proc-binding"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-sleep"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-io"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-dir"
+  #conf.gem :core => "mruby-socket" unsupported
+end

doc/guides/compile.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Compile -->
+
 # Compile
 
 mruby uses Rake to compile and cross-compile all libraries and
@@ -117,6 +119,36 @@ set the character via `conf.file_separator`.
 conf.file_separator = '/'
 ```
 
+### Name of library directory
+
+In some environments, the `libmruby.a` file requires a different directory name than `lib`.
+You can be changed to any name by the `conf.libdir_name` accessor.
+
+```ruby
+conf.libdir_name = 'lib64'
+```
+
+Alternatively, it can be changed via the environment variable `MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME` when
+the `rake` command is run.
+
+```console
+$ export MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME=lib64
+$ rake clean all
+```
+
+NOTES:
+
+- This environment variable `MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME` does not affect `MRuby::CrossBuild`.
+  In other words, if you want to change it for `MRuby::CrossBuild`, you must set it with `MRuby::CrossBuild#libdir_name=`.
+- If you want to switch this environment variable `MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME`, you must do `rake clean`.
+
+  A bad usage example is shown below.
+
+  ```console
+  $ rake clean all
+  $ rake MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME=lib64 install
+  ```
+
 ### C Compiler
 
 Configuration of the C compiler binary, flags and include paths.
@@ -144,7 +176,7 @@ If you need an include path of header file use `search_header_path`:
 fail 'iconv.h not found' unless conf.cc.search_header_path 'iconv.h'
 ```
 
-If you need a full file name of header file use `search_header`:
+If you need a full filename of header file use `search_header`:
 
 ```ruby
 # Searches `iconv.h`.
@@ -607,6 +639,33 @@ To summarize:
 - For a build target other than "host", the default value of `MRuby::Build#install_prefix` is `<PREFIX>/mruby/<build-name>`.
 - If the environment variable `DESTDIR` is set, the actual write directory is `<DESTDIR>/<MRuby::Build#install_prefix>`.
 
+### Excluded files
+
+In some cases there are files that you do not want to install.
+In such cases, add a file path filter to the array object `MRuby::Build#install_excludes` to exclude them.
+
+The following is an object that can be defined as a file path filter.
+The `path` variable that appears is a relative path based on `MRuby::Build#build_dir`.
+
+- string objects: files matched by `string.match?(path)` are excluded.
+- regexp object: files matched by `regexp.match?(path)` are excluded.
+- proc object: files which return true with `proc.call(path)` are excluded.
+
+```ruby
+# exclude bin/mrbc
+conf.install_excludes << exefile("bin/mrbc")
+
+# exclude all files under lib/ directory
+conf.install_excludes << %r(^lib/)
+
+# exclude bin/mrbtest, but in this case it is recommended to use string instead of proc
+conf.install_excludes << proc { |path|
+  path == exefile("bin/mrbtest")
+}
+```
+
+By default, it contains only a proc object to exclude `libmruby_core`.
+
 ## Tips
 
 - If you see compilation troubles, try `rake clean` first.

doc/guides/debugger.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Debugger with the `mrdb` Command -->
+
 # How to Use the mruby Debugger
 
 copyright (c) 2014 Specified Non-Profit Corporation mruby Forum
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ To confirm mrdb was installed properly, run mrdb with the `--version` option:
 
 ```bash
 $ mrdb --version
-mruby 3.3.0 (2024-02-14)
+mruby 3.4.0 (2025-04-20)
 ```
 
 ## 2.2 Basic Operation
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ To invoke the mruby debugger, just type `mrdb`.
 To specify the script file:
 
 ```bash
-$ mrdb [option] file name
+$ mrdb [option] filename
 ```
 
 For example: Debugging sample.rb
@@ -119,7 +121,7 @@ Be aware that the breakpoint command will not check the validity of the class na
 
 You can get the current breakpoint information by the following options.
 
-breakpoint breakpoint number : file name. line number
+breakpoint breakpoint number : filename. line number
 
 breakpoint breakpoint number : [class name,] method name
 
@@ -265,7 +267,7 @@ Example:
 ```
 (sample.rb:1) info breakpoints
 Num     Type           Enb What
-1       breakpoint     y   at sample.rb:3                      -> file name,line number
+1       breakpoint     y   at sample.rb:3                      -> filename,line number
 2       breakpoint     n   in Sample_class:sample_class_method -> [class:]method name
 3       breakpoint     y   in sample_global_method
 ```
@@ -299,11 +301,11 @@ When you do not specify both the `first` and `last` options, you will receive th
 Example:
 
 ```
-Specifying file name and first row number
+Specifying filename and first row number
 sample.rb:1) list sample2.rb:5
 ```
 
-Specifying the file name and the first and last row number:
+Specifying the filename and the first and last row number:
 
 ```
 (sample.rb:1) list sample2.rb:6,7

doc/guides/gc-arena-howto.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About GC Arena -->
+
 # How to use `mrb_gc_arena_save()`/`mrb_gc_arena_restore()`/`mrb_gc_protect()`
 
 _This is an English translation of [Matz's blog post][matz blog post]

doc/guides/hier.md

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<!-- summary: About the mruby directory structure -->
+
+# The mruby directory structure
+
+```text
++- 💎 mruby/                    The top directory of mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 .github/              GitHub configuration files for mruby project management.
+    |
+    +- 📁 benchmark/            Benchmarking files for mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 bin/                  Links to temporary executables after build. Auto-created.
+    |
+    +- 📁 build/                Default build output destination for mruby. Auto-created.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 repos/            The git clone destination directory for GEMs that depend on the build configuration.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 host/             The "host" build output directory.
+    |
+    +- 📁 build_config/         Build configuration files for various environments.
+    |
+    +- 📁 doc/                  Documentation for mruby.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 guides/           Documentation for general users.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 internal/         Documentation for internal implementations for developers.
+    |
+    +- 📁 examples/             Examples of mruby usages.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 mrbgems/          Examples for creating custom GEM for mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 include/              C header files required when using mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 lib/                  Ruby scripts used for building mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 mrbgems/              A library collection of features not provided by mruby core only.
+    |   |                       See doc/guides/mrbgems.md file
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 mruby-*/          The directory of each GEMs.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📃 *.gembox          A collection of GEMs grouped by features and purposes.
+    |
+    +- 📁 mrblib/               The core Ruby scripts that makes up the main body of mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 oss-fuzz/             Source code for The fuzzing-test.
+    |                           See https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz
+    |
+    +- 📁 src/                  The core C source code that makes up the main body of mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 tasks/                Rake tasks at build-time.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 toolchains/       Definitions for the compiler, linker, archiver, etc. for each toolchain.
+    |
+    +- 📁 test/                 Ruby scripts needed for testing mruby.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 t/                mruby test cases.
+    |
+    +- 📁 tools/                External programs used for the mruby project.
+        |
+        +- 📁 lrama/            LALR parser generator as an alternative to bison.
+                                Import from https://github.com/ruby/lrama
+```

doc/guides/link.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About Linking with `libmruby` -->
+
 # Linking `libmruby` to your application
 
 You have two ways to link `libmruby` to your application.

doc/guides/memory.md

@@ -1,21 +1,120 @@
+<!-- summary: About Memory Allocator Customization -->
+
 # Memory Allocation
 
-There are three methods to customize memory allocation in mruby.
+In mruby, you can customize how memory is allocated in two ways:
 
-1. Provide your own `realloc()`/`free()`
-2. Redefine `mrb_default_allocf()`
-3. Specify a function with `mrb_open_allocf()`
+1. **Provide your own `malloc()`/`realloc()`/`free()`**
+2. **Override `mrb_basic_alloc_func()`**
 
-## Provide your own `realloc()`/`free()`
+---
 
-On some platforms, especially on microcontrollers, the standard library may not provide `malloc()`, `realloc()`, and `free()`. In such cases, it may be necessary to define memory allocation functions for the specific platform. mruby uses `realloc()` and `free()` from the standard C library for memory management. By defining these two functions of your own, you can make mruby work. However, note the following two points:
+## 1. Provide your own `malloc()`/`realloc()`/`free()`
 
-First, `realloc(NULL, size)` behaves the same as malloc(size). Second, `free(NULL)` exits without doing anything.
+On platforms without a full C standard library —such as many microcontrollers— you may need to supply your own implementations of `malloc()`, `realloc()`, and `free()`. mruby’s allocator calls directly into these functions, so replacing them lets you control **every** allocation and deallocation performed by your entire program, including any third‑party libraries you link against.
 
-## Redefine `mrb_default_allocf()`
+Keep in mind:
 
-The only function in mruby that uses the standard C library's memory allocation functions is `mrb_default_allocf()`, defined in `alloc.c`. By defining this function within your application, you can customize the memory management of your application.
+- Calling `realloc(NULL, size)` must behave like `malloc(size)`.
+- Calling `free(NULL)` must be a no‑op.
 
-## Specify a function with `mrb_open_allocf()`
+Simply define these three functions in your code (or link against a library that provides them), and mruby — along with all other code in your process — will use your versions automatically.
 
-If you want to perform different memory management for each `mrb_state` within your application, you can use the `mrb_open_allocf()` function to create the `mrb_state` structure. This allows you to specify a memory allocation function (which is compatible with `mrb_default_allocf`) for each `mrb_state`. Although this scheme is not recommended. It may become obsolete in the future, since I have never seen per mrb_state memory management use-case.
+## 2. Override `mrb_basic_alloc_func()`
+
+Inside mruby, all of its own memory allocations go through a single function called mrb_basic_alloc_func() (formerly mrb_default_allocf()). By defining this function in your application before linking, you can intercept and handle **only** the memory operations initiated by mruby itself without affecting other libraries or parts of your program.
+
+```c
+// Example signature:
+// void* mrb_basic_alloc_func(void* ptr, size_t size);
+```
+
+Implement mrb_basic_alloc_func() in your code, and mruby will invoke it for every internal allocation, reallocation, and free request.
+
+### Expected behavior
+
+- `mrb_basic_alloc_func(NULL, size)` should allocate `size` bytes, just like `malloc(size)`.
+- `mrb_basic_alloc_func(ptr, size)` should resize the existing block at `ptr` to `size` bytes, just like `realloc(ptr, size)`.
+- `mrb_basic_alloc_func(ptr, 0)` should free the block at `ptr`, just like `free(ptr)`.
+
+---
+
+## Summary of effects:
+
+- **Custom `malloc`/`realloc`/`free`**: replaces allocation behavior globally (mruby + all other code and third‑party libraries).
+
+- **Custom `mrb_basic_alloc_func()`**: replaces allocation behavior only for mruby’s internal use, leaving other libraries’ allocations untouched.
+
+## Migration note
+
+If you are moving from the old API:
+
+1. **Removal of `mrb_open_allocf()`**
+
+   - \_Old:
+
+     ```c
+     mrb_state *mrb = mrb_open_allocf(my_allocf, ud);
+     ```
+
+   - \_New:
+
+     ```c
+     // No allocf parameter; set up your hook via mrb_basic_alloc_func definition.
+     mrb_state *mrb = mrb_open_core();
+     ```
+
+2. **`mrb_open_core()` takes no arguments**
+
+   - Simply drop any allocf or user-data arguments, and redefine `mrb_basic_alloc_func` as you need.
+
+3. **No more `mrb_allocf` type**
+
+   - Definitions using the `mrb_allocf` typedef can be removed; implement `mrb_basic_alloc_func()` with the signature below:
+
+     ```c
+     void* mrb_basic_alloc_func(void *ptr, size_t size);
+     ```
+
+4. **`mrb_basic_alloc_func` signature change**
+
+   - _Old:_
+
+     ```c
+     void* mrb_default_allocf(mrb_state *mrb, void *ptr, size_t size, void *ud);
+     ```
+
+   - _New:_
+
+     ```c
+     void* mrb_basic_alloc_func(void *ptr, size_t size);
+     ```
+
+---
+
+### Code examples
+
+- **Old style**:
+
+  ```c
+  static void*
+  my_allocf(mrb_state *mrb, void *ud, void *ptr, size_t size)
+  {
+    // ...custom logic...
+  }
+
+  mrb_state *mrb = mrb_open_allocf(my_allocf, some_ud);
+  ```
+
+- **New style**:
+
+  ```c
+  // Define your hook before creating the state:
+  void*
+  mrb_basic_alloc_func(void *ptr, size_t size)
+  {
+    // ...custom logic...
+  }
+
+  mrb_state *mrb = mrb_open_core();
+  ```

doc/guides/mrbconf.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About Build-time Configurations -->
+
 # mruby configuration macros
 
 ## The configuration file
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ end
 
 `MRB_GC_TURN_OFF_GENERATIONAL`
 
-- When defined turns generational GC by default.
+- When defined turns generational GC off by default.
 
 `MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA`
 
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ end
 
 `MRB_HEAP_PAGE_SIZE`
 
-- Defines value is `1024`.
+- Default value is `1024`.
 - Specifies number of `RBasic` per each heap page.
 - To calculate the number of bytes per heap page, it is "(size of management data per heap page) + (size per object) \* `MRB_HEAP_PAGE_SIZE`".
   In mruby 3.1.0, the "size of management data per heap page" is 6 words, also "size per object" is 6 words.
@@ -197,7 +199,7 @@ end
 
 `MRB_MALLOC_TRIM`
 
-- call malloc_trim(0) for each mrb_full_gc() call
+- call `malloc_trim(0)` for each `mrb_full_gc()` call
 
 `MRB_UTF8_STRING`
 
@@ -211,7 +213,7 @@ end
 
 `MRB_ARY_LENGTH_MAX`
 
-- The maximum length of strings (default 1MB)
+- The maximum length of arrays (default 1MB)
 - set this value to zero to skip the check
 
 `MRB_FUNCALL_ARGC_MAX`
@@ -236,12 +238,6 @@ end
 - Ignored if `MRB_NO_METHOD_CACHE` is defined.
 - Need to be the power of 2.
 
-`MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT`
-
-- Use C struct to represent `mrb_method_t`
-- No `MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT` requires highest 2 bits of function pointers to be zero
-- Define this macro on machines that use higher bits of pointers
-
 `MRB_USE_ALL_SYMBOLS`
 
 - Make it available `Symbol.all_symbols` in `mrbgems/mruby-symbol-ext`

doc/guides/mrbgems.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Build-time Library Manager -->
+
 # mrbgems
 
 mrbgems is a library manager to integrate C and Ruby extensions in an easy and
@@ -366,7 +368,7 @@ mruby can be extended with pure Ruby. It is possible to override existing
 classes or add new ones in this way. Put all Ruby files into the `mrblib`
 directory.
 
-### Pre-Conditions
+### Preconditions
 
 none
 
@@ -398,7 +400,7 @@ mruby codes under `mrblib` directory would be executed after gem init C
 function is called. Make sure _mruby script_ depends on _C code_ and
 _C code_ doesn't depend on _mruby script_.
 
-### Pre-Conditions
+### Preconditions
 
 See C and Ruby example.
 

doc/guides/symbol.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Symbols -->
+
 # Symbols
 
 Symbols in `mruby` C source code is represented by `mrb_sym` which is alias of
@@ -61,6 +63,7 @@ header.
 - `MRB_SYM_B(xor)` //=> xor! (Method with Bang)
 - `MRB_SYM_Q(xor)` //=> xor? (Method with Question mark)
 - `MRB_SYM_E(xor)` //=> xor= (Method with Equal)
+- `MRB_GVSYM(xor)` //=> $xor (Global Variable)
 - `MRB_CVSYM(xor)` //=> @@xor (Class Variable)
 - `MRB_IVSYM(xor)` //=> @xor (Instance Variable)
 - `MRB_OPSYM(xor)` //=> ^ (Operator)
@@ -68,7 +71,7 @@ header.
 For `MRB_OPSYM()`, specify the names corresponding to operators (see
 `MRuby::Presym::OPERATORS` in `lib/mruby/presym.rb` for the names that
 can be specified for it). Other than that, describe only word characters
-excluding leading and ending punctuations.
+excluding leading and ending punctuation.
 
 These macros are converted to static symbol IDs at compile time, unless
 preallocate symbols are disabled by `conf.disable_presym`. In that case,

doc/internal/boxing.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About Value Boxing -->
+
 # Boxing
 
 The mruby objects and data are represented by C data type `mrb_value`. There are three options how to pack the data values in the `mrb_value`.
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ If you need full precision for floating-point numbers, define `MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FL
 
 ## NaN Boxing
 
-NaN boxing packs the Ruby data in a floating-point numbers, which represent NaN (Not a Number) values. Under IEEE753 definitions every value that exponent is all set are considered as NaN. That means NaN can represent `2^51` values. NaN boxing is a teaching to pack the values in those NaN representation. In theory, 64 bit pointers are too big to fit in NaN, but practically most OS use only 48 bits at most for pointers (except for some OS e.g. Solaris).
+NaN boxing packs the Ruby data in a floating-point numbers, which represent NaN (Not a Number) values. Under IEEE753 definitions every value that exponent is all set are considered as NaN. That means NaN can represent `2^51` values. NaN boxing is a teaching to pack the values in those NaN representation. In theory, 64-bit pointers are too big to fit in NaN, but practically most OS use only 48 bits at most for pointers (except for some OS e.g. Solaris).
 
 The NaN boxing packing bit patterns are like following:
 

doc/internal/opcode.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About mruby Virtual Machine Instructions -->
+
 # The new bytecode
 
 We will reimplement the VM to use 8bit instruction code. By
@@ -12,7 +14,7 @@ have 106 instructions. Instructions can take 0 to 3 operands.
 ## operands
 
 The size of operands can be either 8bits, 16bits or 24bits.
-In the table.1 below, the second field describes the size
+In the table.1 below, the third field describes the size
 of operands.
 
 - B: 8bit
@@ -26,111 +28,111 @@ See also `OP_EXT1`, `OP_EXT2` and `OP_EXT3`.
 
 ## table.1 Instruction Table
 
-| Instruction Name   | Operand type   | Semantics                                                  |
-|--------------------|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
-| `OP_NOP`           | `-`            | `no operation`                                             |
-| `OP_MOVE`          | `BB`           | `R(a) = R(b)`                                              |
-| `OP_LOADL`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = Pool(b)`                                           |
-| `OP_LOADI`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = mrb_int(b)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADINEG`      | `BB`           | `R(a) = mrb_int(-b)`                                       |
-| `OP_LOADI__1`      | `B`            | `R(a) = mrb_int(-1)`                                       |
-| `OP_LOADI_0`       | `B`            | `R(a) = mrb_int(0)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADI_1`       | `B`            | `R(a) = mrb_int(1)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADI_2`       | `B`            | `R(a) = mrb_int(2)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADI_3`       | `B`            | `R(a) = mrb_int(3)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADI_4`       | `B`            | `R(a) = mrb_int(4)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADI_5`       | `B`            | `R(a) = mrb_int(5)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADI_6`       | `B`            | `R(a) = mrb_int(6)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADI_7`       | `B`            | `R(a) = mrb_int(7)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADI16`       | `BS`           | `R(a) = mrb_int(b)`                                        |
-| `OP_LOADI32`       | `BSS`          | `R(a) = mrb_int((b<<16)+c)`                                |
-| `OP_LOADSYM`       | `BB`           | `R(a) = Syms(b)`                                           |
-| `OP_LOADNIL`       | `B`            | `R(a) = nil`                                               |
-| `OP_LOADSELF`      | `B`            | `R(a) = self`                                              |
-| `OP_LOADT`         | `B`            | `R(a) = true`                                              |
-| `OP_LOADF`         | `B`            | `R(a) = false`                                             |
-| `OP_GETGV`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = getglobal(Syms(b))`                                |
-| `OP_SETGV`         | `BB`           | `setglobal(Syms(b), R(a))`                                 |
-| `OP_GETSV`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = Special[Syms(b)]`                                  |
-| `OP_SETSV`         | `BB`           | `Special[Syms(b)] = R(a)`                                  |
-| `OP_GETIV`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = ivget(Syms(b))`                                    |
-| `OP_SETIV`         | `BB`           | `ivset(Syms(b),R(a))`                                      |
-| `OP_GETCV`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = cvget(Syms(b))`                                    |
-| `OP_SETCV`         | `BB`           | `cvset(Syms(b),R(a))`                                      |
-| `OP_GETCONST`      | `BB`           | `R(a) = constget(Syms(b))`                                 |
-| `OP_SETCONST`      | `BB`           | `constset(Syms(b),R(a))`                                   |
-| `OP_GETMCNST`      | `BB`           | `R(a) = R(a)::Syms(b)`                                     |
-| `OP_SETMCNST`      | `BB`           | `R(a+1)::Syms(b) = R(a)`                                   |
-| `OP_GETUPVAR`      | `BBB`          | `R(a) = uvget(b,c)`                                        |
-| `OP_SETUPVAR`      | `BBB`          | `uvset(b,c,R(a))`                                          |
-| `OP_GETIDX`        | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)[R(a+1)]`                                      |
-| `OP_SETIDX`        | `B`            | `R(a)[R(a+1)] = R(a+2)`                                    |
-| `OP_JMP`           | `S`            | `pc+=a`                                                    |
-| `OP_JMPIF`         | `BS`           | `if R(a) pc+=b`                                            |
-| `OP_JMPNOT`        | `BS`           | `if !R(a) pc+=b`                                           |
-| `OP_JMPNIL`        | `BS`           | `if R(a)==nil pc+=b`                                       |
-| `OP_JMPUW`         | `S`            | `unwind_and_jump_to(a)`                                    |
-| `OP_EXCEPT`        | `B`            | `R(a) = exc`                                               |
-| `OP_RESCUE`        | `BB`           | `R(b) = R(a).isa?(R(b))`                                   |
-| `OP_RAISEIF`       | `B`            | `raise(R(a)) if R(a)`                                      |
-| `OP_SSEND`         | `BBB`          | `R(a) = self.send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..) (c=n\|k<<4)` |
-| `OP_SSENDB`        | `BBB`          | `R(a) = self.send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..,&R(a+n+2k+1))` |
-| `OP_SEND`          | `BBB`          | `R(a) = R(a).send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..) (c=n\|k<<4)` |
-| `OP_SENDB`         | `BBB`          | `R(a) = R(a).send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..,&R(a+n+2k+1))` |
-| `OP_CALL`          | `-`            | `self.call(*, **, &) (But overlay the current call frame; tailcall)` |
-| `OP_SUPER`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = super(R(a+1),... ,R(a+b+1))`                       |
-| `OP_ARGARY`        | `BS`           | `R(a) = argument array (16=m5:r1:m5:d1:lv4)`               |
-| `OP_ENTER`         | `W`            | `arg setup according to flags (23=m5:o5:r1:m5:k5:d1:b1)`   |
-| `OP_KEY_P`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = kdict.key?(Syms(b))`                               |
-| `OP_KEYEND`        | `-`            | `raise unless kdict.empty?`                                |
-| `OP_KARG`          | `BB`           | `R(a) = kdict[Syms(b)]; kdict.delete(Syms(b))`             |
-| `OP_RETURN`        | `B`            | `return R(a) (normal)`                                     |
-| `OP_RETURN_BLK`    | `B`            | `return R(a) (in-block return)`                            |
-| `OP_BREAK`         | `B`            | `break R(a)`                                               |
-| `OP_BLKPUSH`       | `BS`           | `R(a) = block (16=m5:r1:m5:d1:lv4)`                        |
-| `OP_ADD`           | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)+R(a+1)`                                       |
-| `OP_ADDI`          | `BB`           | `R(a) = R(a)+mrb_int(b)`                                   |
-| `OP_SUB`           | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)-R(a+1)`                                       |
-| `OP_SUBI`          | `BB`           | `R(a) = R(a)-mrb_int(b)`                                   |
-| `OP_MUL`           | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)*R(a+1)`                                       |
-| `OP_DIV`           | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)/R(a+1)`                                       |
-| `OP_EQ`            | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)==R(a+1)`                                      |
-| `OP_LT`            | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)<R(a+1)`                                       |
-| `OP_LE`            | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)<=R(a+1)`                                      |
-| `OP_GT`            | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)>R(a+1)`                                       |
-| `OP_GE`            | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a)>=R(a+1)`                                      |
-| `OP_ARRAY`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = ary_new(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b))`                      |
-| `OP_ARRAY2`        | `BBB`          | `R(a) = ary_new(R(b),R(b+1)..R(b+c))`                      |
-| `OP_ARYCAT`        | `B`            | `ary_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`                                     |
-| `OP_ARYPUSH`       | `BB`           | `ary_push(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b))`                            |
-| `OP_ARYSPLAT`      | `B`            | `R(a) = ary_splat(R(a))`                                   |
-| `OP_AREF`          | `BBB`          | `R(a) = R(b)[c]`                                           |
-| `OP_ASET`          | `BBB`          | `R(b)[c] = R(a)`                                           |
-| `OP_APOST`         | `BBB`          | `*R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+c) = R(a)[b..]`                         |
-| `OP_INTERN`        | `B`            | `R(a) = intern(R(a))`                                      |
-| `OP_SYMBOL`        | `BB`           | `R(a) = intern(Pool(b))`                                   |
-| `OP_STRING`        | `BB`           | `R(a) = str_dup(Pool(b))`                                  |
-| `OP_STRCAT`        | `B`            | `str_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`                                     |
-| `OP_HASH`          | `BB`           | `R(a) = hash_new(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b*2-1))`                 |
-| `OP_HASHADD`       | `BB`           | `hash_push(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b*2))`                         |
-| `OP_HASHCAT`       | `B`            | `R(a) = hash_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`                             |
-| `OP_LAMBDA`        | `BB`           | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_LAMBDA)`                       |
-| `OP_BLOCK`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_BLOCK)`                        |
-| `OP_METHOD`        | `BB`           | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_METHOD)`                       |
-| `OP_RANGE_INC`     | `B`            | `R(a) = range_new(R(a),R(a+1),FALSE)`                      |
-| `OP_RANGE_EXC`     | `B`            | `R(a) = range_new(R(a),R(a+1),TRUE)`                       |
-| `OP_OCLASS`        | `B`            | `R(a) = ::Object`                                          |
-| `OP_CLASS`         | `BB`           | `R(a) = newclass(R(a),Syms(b),R(a+1))`                     |
-| `OP_MODULE`        | `BB`           | `R(a) = newmodule(R(a),Syms(b))`                           |
-| `OP_EXEC`          | `BB`           | `R(a) = blockexec(R(a),Irep(b))`                           |
-| `OP_DEF`           | `BB`           | `R(a).newmethod(Syms(b),R(a+1)); R(a) = Syms(b)`           |
-| `OP_ALIAS`         | `BB`           | `alias_method(target_class,Syms(a),Syms(b))`               |
-| `OP_UNDEF`         | `B`            | `undef_method(target_class,Syms(a))`                       |
-| `OP_SCLASS`        | `B`            | `R(a) = R(a).singleton_class`                              |
-| `OP_TCLASS`        | `B`            | `R(a) = target_class`                                      |
-| `OP_DEBUG`         | `BBB`          | `print a,b,c`                                              |
-| `OP_ERR`           | `B`            | `raise(LocalJumpError, Pool(a))`                           |
-| `OP_EXT1`          | `-`            | `make 1st operand (a) 16bit`                               |
-| `OP_EXT2`          | `-`            | `make 2nd operand (b) 16bit`                               |
-| `OP_EXT3`          | `-`            | `make 1st and 2nd operands 16bit`                          |
-| `OP_STOP`          | `-`            | `stop VM`                                                  |
+| No. | Instruction Name | Operand type | Semantics
+| --: | ---------------- | ------------ | ---------------
+|   0 | `OP_NOP`         | `-`          | `no operation`
+|   1 | `OP_MOVE`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(b)`
+|   2 | `OP_LOADL`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = Pool(b)`
+|   3 | `OP_LOADI8`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = mrb_int(b)`
+|   4 | `OP_LOADINEG`    | `BB`         | `R(a) = mrb_int(-b)`
+|   5 | `OP_LOADI__1`    | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(-1)`
+|   6 | `OP_LOADI_0`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(0)`
+|   7 | `OP_LOADI_1`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(1)`
+|   8 | `OP_LOADI_2`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(2)`
+|   9 | `OP_LOADI_3`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(3)`
+|  10 | `OP_LOADI_4`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(4)`
+|  11 | `OP_LOADI_5`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(5)`
+|  12 | `OP_LOADI_6`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(6)`
+|  13 | `OP_LOADI_7`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(7)`
+|  14 | `OP_LOADI16`     | `BS`         | `R(a) = mrb_int(b)`
+|  15 | `OP_LOADI32`     | `BSS`        | `R(a) = mrb_int((b<<16)+c)`
+|  16 | `OP_LOADSYM`     | `BB`         | `R(a) = Syms(b)`
+|  17 | `OP_LOADNIL`     | `B`          | `R(a) = nil`
+|  18 | `OP_LOADSELF`    | `B`          | `R(a) = self`
+|  19 | `OP_LOADT`       | `B`          | `R(a) = true`
+|  20 | `OP_LOADF`       | `B`          | `R(a) = false`
+|  21 | `OP_GETGV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = getglobal(Syms(b))`
+|  22 | `OP_SETGV`       | `BB`         | `setglobal(Syms(b), R(a))`
+|  23 | `OP_GETSV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = Special[Syms(b)]`
+|  24 | `OP_SETSV`       | `BB`         | `Special[Syms(b)] = R(a)`
+|  25 | `OP_GETIV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = ivget(Syms(b))`
+|  26 | `OP_SETIV`       | `BB`         | `ivset(Syms(b),R(a))`
+|  27 | `OP_GETCV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = cvget(Syms(b))`
+|  28 | `OP_SETCV`       | `BB`         | `cvset(Syms(b),R(a))`
+|  29 | `OP_GETCONST`    | `BB`         | `R(a) = constget(Syms(b))`
+|  30 | `OP_SETCONST`    | `BB`         | `constset(Syms(b),R(a))`
+|  31 | `OP_GETMCNST`    | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(a)::Syms(b)`
+|  32 | `OP_SETMCNST`    | `BB`         | `R(a+1)::Syms(b) = R(a)`
+|  33 | `OP_GETUPVAR`    | `BBB`        | `R(a) = uvget(b,c)`
+|  34 | `OP_SETUPVAR`    | `BBB`        | `uvset(b,c,R(a))`
+|  35 | `OP_GETIDX`      | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)[R(a+1)]`
+|  36 | `OP_SETIDX`      | `B`          | `R(a)[R(a+1)] = R(a+2)`
+|  37 | `OP_JMP`         | `S`          | `pc+=a`
+|  38 | `OP_JMPIF`       | `BS`         | `if R(a) pc+=b`
+|  39 | `OP_JMPNOT`      | `BS`         | `if !R(a) pc+=b`
+|  40 | `OP_JMPNIL`      | `BS`         | `if R(a)==nil pc+=b`
+|  41 | `OP_JMPUW`       | `S`          | `unwind_and_jump_to(a)`
+|  42 | `OP_EXCEPT`      | `B`          | `R(a) = exc`
+|  43 | `OP_RESCUE`      | `BB`         | `R(b) = R(a).isa?(R(b))`
+|  44 | `OP_RAISEIF`     | `B`          | `raise(R(a)) if R(a)`
+|  45 | `OP_SSEND`       | `BBB`        | `R(a) = self.send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..) (c=n\|k<<4)`
+|  46 | `OP_SSENDB`      | `BBB`        | `R(a) = self.send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..,&R(a+n+2k+1))`
+|  47 | `OP_SEND`        | `BBB`        | `R(a) = R(a).send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..) (c=n\|k<<4)`
+|  48 | `OP_SENDB`       | `BBB`        | `R(a) = R(a).send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..,&R(a+n+2k+1))`
+|  49 | `OP_CALL`        | `-`          | `self.call(*, **, &) (But overlay the current call frame; tailcall)`
+|  50 | `OP_SUPER`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = super(R(a+1),... ,R(a+b+1))`
+|  51 | `OP_ARGARY`      | `BS`         | `R(a) = argument array (16=m5:r1:m5:d1:lv4)`
+|  52 | `OP_ENTER`       | `W`          | `arg setup according to flags (23=m5:o5:r1:m5:k5:d1:b1)`
+|  53 | `OP_KEY_P`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = kdict.key?(Syms(b))`
+|  54 | `OP_KEYEND`      | `-`          | `raise unless kdict.empty?`
+|  55 | `OP_KARG`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = kdict[Syms(b)]; kdict.delete(Syms(b))`
+|  56 | `OP_RETURN`      | `B`          | `return R(a) (normal)`
+|  57 | `OP_RETURN_BLK`  | `B`          | `return R(a) (in-block return)`
+|  58 | `OP_BREAK`       | `B`          | `break R(a)`
+|  59 | `OP_BLKPUSH`     | `BS`         | `R(a) = block (16=m5:r1:m5:d1:lv4)`
+|  60 | `OP_ADD`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)+R(a+1)`
+|  61 | `OP_ADDI`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(a)+mrb_int(b)`
+|  62 | `OP_SUB`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)-R(a+1)`
+|  63 | `OP_SUBI`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(a)-mrb_int(b)`
+|  64 | `OP_MUL`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)*R(a+1)`
+|  65 | `OP_DIV`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)/R(a+1)`
+|  66 | `OP_EQ`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)==R(a+1)`
+|  67 | `OP_LT`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)<R(a+1)`
+|  68 | `OP_LE`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)<=R(a+1)`
+|  69 | `OP_GT`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)>R(a+1)`
+|  70 | `OP_GE`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)>=R(a+1)`
+|  71 | `OP_ARRAY`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = ary_new(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b))`
+|  72 | `OP_ARRAY2`      | `BBB`        | `R(a) = ary_new(R(b),R(b+1)..R(b+c))`
+|  73 | `OP_ARYCAT`      | `B`          | `ary_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`
+|  74 | `OP_ARYPUSH`     | `BB`         | `ary_push(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b))`
+|  75 | `OP_ARYSPLAT`    | `B`          | `R(a) = ary_splat(R(a))`
+|  76 | `OP_AREF`        | `BBB`        | `R(a) = R(b)[c]`
+|  77 | `OP_ASET`        | `BBB`        | `R(b)[c] = R(a)`
+|  78 | `OP_APOST`       | `BBB`        | `*R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+c) = R(a)[b..]`
+|  79 | `OP_INTERN`      | `B`          | `R(a) = intern(R(a))`
+|  80 | `OP_SYMBOL`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = intern(Pool(b))`
+|  81 | `OP_STRING`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = str_dup(Pool(b))`
+|  82 | `OP_STRCAT`      | `B`          | `str_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`
+|  83 | `OP_HASH`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = hash_new(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b*2-1))`
+|  84 | `OP_HASHADD`     | `BB`         | `hash_push(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b*2))`
+|  85 | `OP_HASHCAT`     | `B`          | `R(a) = hash_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`
+|  86 | `OP_LAMBDA`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_LAMBDA)`
+|  87 | `OP_BLOCK`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_BLOCK)`
+|  88 | `OP_METHOD`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_METHOD)`
+|  89 | `OP_RANGE_INC`   | `B`          | `R(a) = range_new(R(a),R(a+1),FALSE)`
+|  90 | `OP_RANGE_EXC`   | `B`          | `R(a) = range_new(R(a),R(a+1),TRUE)`
+|  91 | `OP_OCLASS`      | `B`          | `R(a) = ::Object`
+|  92 | `OP_CLASS`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = newclass(R(a),Syms(b),R(a+1))`
+|  93 | `OP_MODULE`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = newmodule(R(a),Syms(b))`
+|  94 | `OP_EXEC`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = blockexec(R(a),Irep(b))`
+|  95 | `OP_DEF`         | `BB`         | `R(a).newmethod(Syms(b),R(a+1)); R(a) = Syms(b)`
+|  96 | `OP_ALIAS`       | `BB`         | `alias_method(target_class,Syms(a),Syms(b))`
+|  97 | `OP_UNDEF`       | `B`          | `undef_method(target_class,Syms(a))`
+|  98 | `OP_SCLASS`      | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a).singleton_class`
+|  99 | `OP_TCLASS`      | `B`          | `R(a) = target_class`
+| 100 | `OP_DEBUG`       | `BBB`        | `print a,b,c`
+| 101 | `OP_ERR`         | `B`          | `raise(LocalJumpError, Pool(a))`
+| 102 | `OP_EXT1`        | `-`          | `make 1st operand (a) 16bit`
+| 103 | `OP_EXT2`        | `-`          | `make 2nd operand (b) 16bit`
+| 104 | `OP_EXT3`        | `-`          | `make 1st and 2nd operands 16bit`
+| 105 | `OP_STOP`        | `-`          | `stop VM`

doc/limitations.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Limitations of mruby -->
+
 # Limitations and Differences
 
 The philosophy of mruby is to be a lightweight implementation of
@@ -70,75 +72,6 @@ p Liste.new "foobar"
 
 `ArgumentError` is raised.
 
-## Method visibility
-
-For simplicity reasons no method visibility (public/private/protected) is
-supported. Those methods are defined, but they are dummy methods.
-
-```ruby
-class VisibleTest
-
-  def public_method; end
-
-  private
-  def private_method; end
-
-end
-
-p VisibleTest.new.respond_to?(:private_method, false)
-p VisibleTest.new.respond_to?(:private_method, true)
-```
-
-#### Ruby [ruby 2.0.0p645 (2015-04-13 revision 50299)]
-
-```
-false
-true
-```
-
-#### mruby [3.1.0 (2022-05-12)]
-
-```
-true
-true
-```
-
-### Visibility Declaration
-
-The declaration form of following visibility methods are not implemented.
-
-- `public`
-- `private`
-- `protected`
-- `module_function`
-
-Especially, `module_function` method is not dummy, but no declaration form.
-
-```ruby
-module TestModule
-  module_function
-  def test_func
-    p 'test_func called'
-  end
-
-  test_func
-end
-
-p 'ok'
-```
-
-#### Ruby [ruby 2.5.5p157 (2019-03-15 revision 67260)]
-
-```
-ok
-```
-
-#### mruby [3.1.0 (2022-05-12)]
-
-```
-test.rb:8: undefined method 'test_func' (NoMethodError)
-```
-
 ## `defined?`
 
 The `defined?` keyword is considered too complex to be fully
@@ -253,3 +186,30 @@ def g(a: 1, b: a)
 end
 g(a:1)
 ```
+
+## No Double Dispatch in Module Loading
+
+To make implementation simpler, mruby does not use double dispatching in module loading (`include`/`prepend`/`extend`).
+Those method internally called corresponding actual load methods (`append_features`/`prepend_features`/`extend_object`).
+But they are rarely overloaded, consumes more memory, and make loading little bit slower. As a Ruby implementation for the smaller device,
+we decided mruby simpler.
+
+```ruby
+module M
+  def self.append_features(mod)
+     p :append
+  end
+end
+
+class C
+  include M
+end
+```
+
+#### Ruby [ruby 3.5.0dev (2025-04-21 85bab61565))]
+
+Prints `:append`.
+
+#### mruby [3.5.0 (2025-04-28)]
+
+Nothing printed (since `include` does not call `append_features` internally).

doc/mruby3.0.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ directory. For examples:
 
 - `default`: the default configuration
 - `host-gprof`: compiles with `gprof` for performance tuning
-- `host-m32`: compiles in gcc 32bit mode on 64bit platforms
+- `host-m32`: compiles in gcc 32-bit mode on 64-bit platforms
 - `boxing`: compiles all three boxing options
 - `clang-asan`: compiles with `clang`'s Address Sanitizer
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ or `MRB_NO_XXX`).
 - `MRB_USE_FLOAT32` is changed from `MRB_USE_FLOAT` to make sure `float` here
   means using single-precision float, and not the opposite of `MRB_NO_FLOAT`.
 - `MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT` uses `struct` version of `mrb_method_t`. More
-  portable but consumes more memory. Turned on by default on 32bit platforms.
+  portable but consumes more memory. Turned on by default on 32-bit platforms.
 - `MRB_` prefix is added to those without.
 
 ## `MRB_NO_BOXING`

doc/mruby3.1.md

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ We have added several new build configurations in the `build_config` directory.
 - `nintendo_switch.rb`
 - `serenity.rb`
 - `minimal`: minimal configuration
-- `host-f32`: compiles with `mrb_float` as 32 bit `float`
+- `host-f32`: compiles with `mrb_float` as 32-bit `float`
 - `host-nofloat`: compiles with no float configuration
 - `android_arm64_v8a.rb`: renamed from `android_arm64-v8a.rb`
 
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ For better and faster hash values.
 
 ---
 
-# Major bug fixes
+# Major bugfixes
 
 - Fix infinite recursive call bugs in integer division [98799aa6](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/98799aa6)
 - Fix to raise TypeError with super inside instance_eval / class_eval [#5476](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5476)

doc/mruby3.4.md

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+# User visible changes in `mruby3.4` from `mruby3.3`
+
+"**_NOTE_**:" are changes to be aware of.
+
+# The language
+
+- mruby now supports `private` and `protected` visibility ([b0db0bd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b0db0bd))
+- Maximum length of inlined symbols reduced from 5 to 4 characters to provide space for visibility flags ([6442a01](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/6442a01))
+- Many methods are made private according to CRuby visibility ([4a0e806](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/4a0e806))
+- Generate OP_SSEND for `self.method` type calls ([111fe4b](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/111fe4b))
+- `initialize` method will be always private ([eb8b412](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/eb8b412))
+- Add new hooks `method_removed`, `method_undefined` ([9c74f6e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/9c74f6e))
+- Add new hooks `singleton_method_removed`, `singleton_method_undefined` ([0863c08](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0863c08))
+- Updated `OP_DEF` output from codedump ([3a3e877](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/3a3e877))
+- Better handling of binary strings, e.g. String#b ([b0127f0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b0127f0))
+- Hash `to_s` format has changed ([baeeb5e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/baeeb5e))
+- Some encoding related method such as `#force_encoding` ([e47b4ca](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e47b4ca)), `#b` ([b0127f0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b0127f0))
+- Constant folding for `String#+` ([6687bdd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/6687bdd))
+- Remove Float bit-operation ([db8368f](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/db8368f))
+- use SWAR technique for strlen performance ([cbb31e6](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/cbb31e6))
+- use merge sort for `Array#sort` ([5bd63d6](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/5bd63d6))
+
+# Changes in C API
+
+- pool.c renamed to mempool.c (and mrb_pool to mrb_mempool) ([49525fa](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/49525fa))
+- mrb_pool_value renamed to mrb_irep_pool to reduce confusion ([62ef5db](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/62ef5db))
+- rename BOXNIX_SET_VALUE to BOXNO_SET_VALUE ([#6397](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6397))
+- `MRB_FROZEN_P()` is replaced by `mrb_frozen_p()` ([c11d18e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/c11d18e))
+- rename `color` to `gc_color` ([0e79f6b](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0e79f6b), [1e36d76](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/1e36d76))
+- add `obj->frozen` instead of flags `MRB_SET_FROZEN_FLAG`/`MRB_UNSET_FROZEN_FLAG` ([8276143](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/8276143))
+
+# Build & Configuration
+
+- New Build Target: `test:run:serial`, `test:run:serial:lib`, `test:run:serial:bin` ([#6423](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6423))
+- New Platform: PlayStation Portable ([#6022](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6465))
+- New Platform: emscripten ([#6487](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6487))
+- New Config: no-float (with MRB_NO_FLOAT) ([32200f1](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/32200f1))
+
+# Changes in mrbgems
+
+- **mruby-print**: removed; if you do not use `mruby-io`, mruby use `#print` etc. in the core ([8c8bbd9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/8c8bbd9))
+- **mruby-enum-lazy**: Add Enumerable::Lazy#grep_v to mruby-enum-lazy ([#6171](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6171))
+- **mruby-io**: Add `level` argument to `File.dirname` ([#6463](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6463))
+- **mruby-io**: File.absolute_path? ([#6482](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6482))
+- **mruby-io**: File.absolute_path ([96113a2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/96113a2))
+- **mruby-toplevel-ext**: top-level public/private/protected moved to the core ([2a876d2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/2a876d2))
+- **mruby-metaprog**: method list methods now works according to the visibility ([9229da1](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/9229da1))
+- **mruby-metaprog**: `public_instance_methods`, `private_instance_methods`, `protected_instance_methods` ([9e3e7b2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/9e3e7b2))
+- **mruby-encoding**: MRB_UTF8_STRING turned on automatically with this gem ([74bdae9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/74bdae9))
+
+# Fixed GitHub Issues
+
+- [#6173](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6173) Fails to build with tcc(Tiny C Compiler)
+- [#6156](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6156) '/LIBPATH' issue
+- [#6183](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6183) ".e".to_f returns NAN
+- [#6182](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6182) mrb_read_float() converts "0.3" with a small error compared to strtod()
+- [#6210](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6210) Unary minus seems broken
+- [#6255](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6255) Wrong number of characters in broken UTF-8 string
+- [#4038](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/4038) Heap buffer overflow in OP_ENTER
+- [#6262](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6262) Unable to define == for objects when using Array#delete
+- [#6267](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6267) When MRB_UTF8_STRING is enabled, giving byte characters for String#index and String#split gives wrong results
+- [#6277](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6277) MSVC: can't use malloc() in string.c with WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+- [#6240](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6240) Differentiate between lib and lib64 in the build settings.
+- [#6304](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6304) Calling method_missing with only Kwargs passes arguments incorrectly
+- [#6317](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6317) mrb_gc_register() may cause GC and collect the object being protected
+- [#6307](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6307) Planned change patch for mrb_vm_exec()
+- [#6298](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6298) foo :bar {} is legal in mruby?
+- [#6326](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6326) Detect “Use-after-free” with address sanitizer
+- [#5358](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5358) static warning from getpwnam
+- [#6339](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6339) mrb_ary_delete() may refer to an invalid address (use-after-free)
+- [#6346](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6346) Block kwargs are passed as last positional arg when using yield
+- [#6365](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6365) powl() not available when compiling for Dreamcast
+- [#6369](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6369) 100x Performance Regression from 3.1
+- [#6270](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6270) NODE_ZSUPER from deeply nested blocks will result in a truncated digits for block index in OP_ARGARY
+- [#6297](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6297) Assigning to a block variable changes the actual block (thus affecting block_given? and yield)
+- [#6389](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6389) instance_exec named block args don't work properly
+- [#6388](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6388) Recent commit broke my windows build
+- [#6411](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6411) Wrong function unwinding when using return in a block
+- [#6439](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6439) OP_JMPUW does not call the ensure block when it jumps to the beginning of the begin block
+- [#6441](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6441) break inside while loop will execute the ensure block outside of the while loop
+- [#6453](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6453) Bigint: incorrect behavior of ^ operator
+- [#6452](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6452) Bigint: weird mod behavior
+- [#6451](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6451) Bigint: incorrect division behavior
+- [#6456](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6456) bigint: bug with division of a small number by a bigint
+- [#6466](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6466) mruby-bin-mruby using Kernel#p and Kernel#print in bintest fails test
+- [#6467](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6467) Heap-Use-After-Free due to Recursive group_by Calls
+- [#6471](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6471) Discrepancy in codegen for binary operations between master branch and 3.3.0
+- [#6477](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6477) heap-buffer-overflow in mrb_vm_exec
+- [#6485](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6485) Hash#rehash does not check if the hash is frozen
+- [#6483](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6483) Hash#default_proc= accepts arbitrary objects that are not callable
+- [#6491](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6491) Destroy existing string literals when composing string literals
+
+# Merged Pull Requests (User Visible Ones)
+
+- [#6171](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6171) Add Enumerable::Lazy#grep_v to mruby-enum-lazy
+- [#6174](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6174) Fix MRUBY_PACKAGE_DIR in mruby-config.bat
+- [#6175](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6175) Corrected strange conditional in mrb_vm_run()
+- [#6176](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6176) Stop assuming alias proc in CI_PROC_SET()
+- [#6177](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6177) gha: add macOS 14 to the build
+- [#6184](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6184) Remove the L_STOP label
+- [#6185](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6185) Added mrb_callinfo::u.keep_context for clarity
+- [#6186](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6186) Omit NULL check of e->cxt in OP_RETURN_BLK
+- [#6191](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6191) Speed up symbol equality comparison
+- [#6192](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6192) Fix `OP_STOP` with exception
+- [#6193](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6193) Fix wrong assertion in `OP_SENDB`.
+- [#6194](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6194) Simplify the calculation of the number of closures in `MRB_TT_FIBER`
+- [#6197](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6197) Fix int_xor to call flo_xor.
+- [#6201](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6201) tasks/doc.rake: standardize the `rake doc` error messages
+- [#6202](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6202) Remove the `.yardoc` folder with `rake doc:clean:api`
+- [#6204](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6204) Clean up the `.editorconfig` file
+- [#6209](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6209) Minor `.gitignore` clean up
+- [#6211](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6211) Minor `.gitignore` clean up; order entries
+- [#6216](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6216) Shared empty `iv_tbl` of module
+- [#6217](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6217) Strict declaration for `mrb_istruct_size()`
+- [#6219](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6219) Avoid assigning a fixed value in the loop
+- [#6220](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6220) Reorganize `mrb_cache_entry` and `mrb_method_t` types
+- [#6221](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6221) Arranging `each_backtrace()`
+- [#6222](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6222) Need to synchronize `dbg->regs` after VM call in `mrdb`
+- [#6224](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6224) `mrb_env_unshare()` to break the link to fiber
+- [#6225](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6225) Revert "Adjust environment when `mrb_exec_irep` happened."
+- [#6227](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6227) fix: `Array#shuffle(!)` result distribution
+- [#6228](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6228) Revert "`env` referred from top-level callinfo should not be unshared; fix #4019"
+- [#6230](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6230) Fix status of fiber after switched by exception raised
+- [#6231](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6231) Add a way to let other gems handle closing of fds in mruby-io
+- [#6232](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6232) Fold the code for freeing `env`
+- [#6233](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6233) Free stack memory at end of fiber
+- [#6235](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6235) fix `Array#delete` always firing the block when deleting `nil`
+- [#6236](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6236) unify the code for filter methods (and speed up `#reject!`)
+- [#6237](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6237) Stricter env objects to attach to ci
+- [#6238](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6238) Minimize zero initialization of the stack
+- [#6243](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6243) Fixed base64 decoding in `mruby-pack`
+- [#6244](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6244) Revise scope of role of `mrb_vm_run()`
+- [#6246](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6246) Fix typo in `test/t/hash.rb`
+- [#6249](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6249) Fix spelling in `src/vm.c`
+- [#6250](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6250) Fix spelling
+- [#6251](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6251) Clean up root move `CODEOWNERS` to `.github` directory
+- [#6253](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6253) Allow recycling fibers by GC if not referenced directly
+- [#6256](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6256) Update documentation for `mrb_top_run()`
+- [#6257](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6257) fix some mrbconf.md typos
+- [#6260](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6260) Remove `exc_caught` from `mrb_vm_exec()`
+- [#6261](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6261) fix: `to_a` integer ranges with `begin > end` failing
+- [#6263](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6263) fix: `Array#delete` mistakenly calling block even if not passed
+- [#6264](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6264) Must pass keyword arguments for `Kernel#to_enum`
+- [#6265](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6265) Fixes `Dir.children` and `Dir.each_child`
+- [#6266](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6266) Passes the nonexistent key as a block argument in `Array#delete`
+- [#6273](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6273) Improvements to `mrb_protect_atexit()`
+- [#6275](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6275) Fixed `Binding#eval` that failed to assign to the same variable
+- [#6276](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6276) Always run `atexit` on the top-level call frame
+- [#6279](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6279) Include headers for malloc() explicitly; fix #6277
+- [#6280](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6280) Remove `MRB_ENV_CLOSED` flag
+- [#6281](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6281) Fixes local variables in `mruby-binding`.
+- [#6283](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6283) Simplify `uvenv()`
+- [#6288](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6288) Detach `env` of ci explicitly on atexit
+- [#6289](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6289) Simplify `OP_RETURN_BLK` and `OP_BREAK`
+- [#6290](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6290) Allow to change the output directory name of the `libmruby` file
+- [#6293](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6293) Changed the instruction table in `opcode.md`
+- [#6294](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6294) Optimise `mrb_iv_get`
+- [#6302](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6302) Minor cleanup in mrb_str_init
+- [#6303](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6303) mrb_str_aset_m() should return replace instead of str
+- [#6305](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6305) Protect keyword arguments in `prepare_missing()`
+- [#6308](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6308) Assume that `MRB_CATCH()` has `mrb->exc` set
+- [#6310](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6310) Doubling the call stack when extending it
+- [#6311](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6311) Added fast-path for positional arguments less than 15 in `OP_SEND`
+- [#6312](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6312) Omit error checking at `OP_RETURN`, `OP_RETURN_BLK` and `OP_BREAK`
+- [#6313](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6313) Fix wrong column number in opcode.md
+- [#6314](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6314) Optimize even?/odd? for big integers
+- [#6318](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6318) Shrink variables in `mrb_vm_exec()`
+- [#6320](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6320) Shrinking the code in `OP_BREAK` and `OP_RETURN_BLK`
+- [#6321](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6321) Avoid warnings in `lib/**/*.rb`
+- [#6322](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6322) Fix mrb_ro_data_p on Intel Mac
+- [#6324](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6324) Remove `localjump_error()`
+- [#6327](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6327) fix ncurses linking issues
+- [#6328](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6328) Fix use-after-free in `obj_free()` for env objects
+- [#6329](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6329) Fix use-after-free in `mrb_obj_alloc()`
+- [#6330](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6330) Add a precondition to call `mrb_env_unshare()`.
+- [#6331](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6331) Restore the GC arena with tests
+- [#6332](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6332) Must not depend on the “host” build to generate `mruby-compiler/core/y.tab.c`
+- [#6333](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6333) Reduce the number of branch instructions in the `heap_p()`
+- [#6335](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6335) Add `return_ci` in `CHECKPOINT_MAIN()` of `OP_RETURN`
+- [#6338](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6338) Need to place static proc objects into 8-byte alignments
+- [#6340](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6340) Fix use-after-free for `Array#<=>`
+- [#6341](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6341) Need to restore the GC arena after some function calls
+- [#6344](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6344) prefer using `mrb_yield` to call block arguments
+- [#6347](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6347) codegen.c,parse.y: remove flattening of `yield` arguments; fix #6346
+- [#6348](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6348) Cancel the warning disablement
+- [#6349](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6349) Perform GC before deleting directories
+- [#6350](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6350) Fixed character encoding conversion function mismatch
+- [#6351](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6351) Remove unnecessary `mrb_gc_arena_restore()`
+- [#6353](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6353) Fix use-after-free in `mrb_ary_delete()`
+- [#6356](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6356) Making splat argument objects invisible from Ruby side
+- [#6373](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6373) Add build config for Milk-V Duo (RISC-V Linux) board
+- [#6382](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6382) Make array objects invisible in `mrb_gc_register()`
+- [#6385](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6385) Small improvements for `mrb_gc_register()`
+- [#6386](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6386) Avoid calling `mrb_gv_set()` from `mrb_gc_unregister()`
+- [#6387](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6387) Small improvements for `mrb_gc_unregister()`
+- [#6390](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6390) Fix use-after-free by `mrb_gc_unregistor()`
+- [#6391](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6391) Fixed argument forwarding in `instance_exec`
+- [#6392](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6392) Fix argument forwarding in `mrb_exec_irep()`
+- [#6393](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6393) Follow-up to #6391
+- [#6395](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6395) Storing method-id inside Symbol#to_proc
+- [#6396](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6396) Milk-V Build Config: update GPIO gem URL
+- [#6397](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6397) boxing_no.h: rename BOXNIX_SET_VALUE -> BOXNO_SET_VALUE
+- [#6399](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6399) Add macOS 15 to the build
+- [#6405](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6405) `io_read`: use `%i` instead of `%d` in call to `mrb_raisef`
+- [#6407](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6407) Allow to exclude specific files in `rake install`
+- [#6408](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6408) Improve compliance with C++ standards
+- [#6410](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6410) Put `#include <stdlib.h>` in `parse.y`
+- [#6412](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6412) Distinguish the call frame of the generator with `OP_RETURN_BLK`
+- [#6413](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6413) Add links to documentation in `README.md`
+- [#6415](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6415) Fix numbered parameters when used as a singleton
+- [#6416](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6416) Optimize the "new" method's iseq
+- [#6419](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6419) Follow Ruby's behavior for numbered parameters in -> {}
+- [#6420](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6420) Update `labeler.yml`: add label for the `tools` directory
+- [#6422](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6422) Add annotations for function names defined in the preprocessor
+- [#6423](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6423) Adding a serialized test task
+- [#6427](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6427) Need to update `ci` variable after re-entry to VM
+- [#6428](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6428) Change the limits of OP_ADDI and OP_SUBI from 0-127 to 0-255.
+- [#6429](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6429) Fix numbered parameters when used as hash keys
+- [#6432](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6432) Moving code in macro arguments out of macros
+- [#6434](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6434) Added document "Layout of the mruby filesystem"
+- [#6436](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6436) Make `rake doc:update-index` prettier friendly
+- [#6437](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6437) Add more details to the pre-commit config
+- [#6438](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6438) Remove unused `MRuby::Build#list_install_excludes` method
+- [#6440](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6440) Fix `redo` keyword
+- [#6442](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6442) Fixed wrong range condition in `OP_JMPUW`
+- [#6443](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6443) Fix NODE_NEGATE for bigints
+- [#6444](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6444) Add test cases for bigints
+- [#6446](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6446) Omit the `_WIN64` definition check
+- [#6447](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6447) Fixed `File.expand_path`
+- [#6448](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6448) Suppress presym in `mruby/ext/io.h` file
+- [#6449](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6449) Using presym in the `mruby-io/src/file_test.c` file
+- [#6450](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6450) Change `MRB_WITH_IO_PREAD_PWRITE` configuration name
+- [#6454](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6454) mruby-bigint: handle rhs bigint in int_mod and int_divmod functions
+- [#6455](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6455) mruby-bigint: fix rounding behavior in mpz_mdiv and mpz_mdivmod functions
+- [#6457](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6457) bigint: fix bug with division of a small number by a bigint
+- [#6459](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6459) `FileTest` is a module
+- [#6461](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6461) To create a release package file in draft
+- [#6462](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6462) Properly cast the return value of `memchr()`
+- [#6463](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6463) Add `level` argument to `File.dirname`
+- [#6465](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6465) Add initial PlayStation portable crossbuild support
+- [#6468](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6468) Fixed missing changes to `IB_FIND_BY_KEY()` parameter names
+- [#6469](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6469) Add more `const` qualifier for `RProc`
+- [#6472](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6472) Moved tests for `Integer#quo`
+- [#6473](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6473) Hide `mpz_and()` symbol
+- [#6473](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6473) Hide mpz_and() symbol
+- [#6474](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6474) Avoid array object creation with “unknown keyword” error
+- [#6475](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6475) Don't include deleted mruby-print
+- [#6478](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6478) Fixed buffer overrun in function `chars2bytes()`
+- [#6479](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6479) Reimplementation of `File.expand_path` method
+- [#6482](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6482) Add `File.absolute_path?` method
+- [#6487](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6487) Add Emscripten toolchain & build_config

docker-compose.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ services:
   test:
     build:
       context: .
-    command: sh -c 'rake deep_clean && rake -m test:build && rake test:run'
+    command: sh -c 'rake deep_clean && rake -m test:run:serial'
     environment:
       - MRUBY_CONFIG=ci/gcc-clang
       - CC=gcc

examples/mrbgems/ruby_extension_example/mrbgem.rake

@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ MRuby::Gem::Specification.new('ruby_extension_example') do |spec|
   # Add libraries
   # spec.linker.libraries << 'external_lib'
 
-  spec.add_dependency('mruby-print', :core => 'mruby-print')
-
   # Default build files
   # spec.rbfiles = Dir.glob("#{dir}/mrblib/*.rb")
   # spec.objs = Dir.glob("#{dir}/src/*.{c,cpp,m,asm,S}").map { |f| objfile(f.relative_path_from(dir).pathmap("#{build_dir}/%X")) }

include/mrbconf.h

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #if defined(MRB_32BIT) && defined(MRB_64BIT)
-#error Cannot build for 32 and 64 bit architecture at the same time
+#error Cannot build for 32 and 64-bit architecture at the same time
 #endif
 
 /* configuration options: */
@@ -42,22 +42,6 @@
 #error Cannot define MRB_USE_FLOAT32 and MRB_NO_FLOAT at the same time
 #endif
 
-/* add -DMRB_NO_METHOD_CACHE to disable method cache to save memory */
-//#define MRB_NO_METHOD_CACHE
-/* size of the method cache (need to be the power of 2) */
-//#define MRB_METHOD_CACHE_SIZE (1<<8)
-//#define MRB_USE_INLINE_METHOD_CACHE
-
-/* add -DMRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT on machines that use higher bits of function pointers */
-/* no MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT requires highest 2 bits of function pointers to be zero */
-#ifndef MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT
-  // can't use highest 2 bits of function pointers at least on 32bit
-  // Windows and 32bit Linux.
-# ifdef MRB_32BIT
-#   define MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT
-# endif
-#endif
-
 /* define on big endian machines; used by MRB_NAN_BOXING, etc. */
 #ifndef MRB_ENDIAN_BIG
 # if (defined(BYTE_ORDER) && defined(BIG_ENDIAN) && BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN) || \
@@ -83,21 +67,21 @@
 /* if defined mruby allocates Float objects in the heap to keep full precision if needed */
 //#define MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE
 
-/* add -DMRB_INT32 to use 32bit integer for mrb_int; conflict with MRB_INT64;
+/* add -DMRB_INT32 to use 32-bit integer for mrb_int; conflict with MRB_INT64;
    Default for 32-bit CPU mode. */
 //#define MRB_INT32
 
-/* add -DMRB_INT64 to use 64bit integer for mrb_int; conflict with MRB_INT32;
+/* add -DMRB_INT64 to use 64-bit integer for mrb_int; conflict with MRB_INT32;
    Default for 64-bit CPU mode (unless using MRB_NAN_BOXING). */
 //#define MRB_INT64
 
 /* if no specific integer type is chosen */
 #if !defined(MRB_INT32) && !defined(MRB_INT64)
 # if defined(MRB_64BIT) && !defined(MRB_NAN_BOXING)
-/* Use 64bit integers on 64bit architecture (without MRB_NAN_BOXING) */
+/* Use 64-bit integers on 64-bit architecture (without MRB_NAN_BOXING) */
 #  define MRB_INT64
 # else
-/* Otherwise use 32bit integers */
+/* Otherwise use 32-bit integers */
 #  define MRB_INT32
 # endif
 #endif
@@ -170,9 +154,6 @@
 //#define MRB_USE_ALL_SYMBOLS /* Symbol.all_symbols */
 
 /* obsolete configurations */
-#ifdef MRB_METHOD_T_STRUCT
-# define MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT
-#endif
 #if defined(DISABLE_STDIO) || defined(MRB_DISABLE_STDIO)
 # define MRB_NO_STDIO
 #endif

include/mruby.h

@@ -157,17 +157,6 @@ typedef uint32_t mrb_aspec;
 typedef struct mrb_irep mrb_irep;
 struct mrb_state;
 
-/**
- * Function pointer type of custom allocator used in @see mrb_open_allocf.
- *
- * The function pointing it must behave similarly as realloc except:
- * - If ptr is NULL it must allocate new space.
- * - If size is zero, ptr must be freed.
- *
- * See @see mrb_default_allocf for the default implementation.
- */
-typedef void* (*mrb_allocf) (struct mrb_state *mrb, void *ptr, size_t size, void *ud);
-
 #ifndef MRB_FIXED_STATE_ATEXIT_STACK_SIZE
 #define MRB_FIXED_STATE_ATEXIT_STACK_SIZE 5
 #endif
@@ -176,6 +165,8 @@ typedef struct {
   uint8_t n:4;                  /* (15=*) c=n|nk<<4 */
   uint8_t nk:4;                 /* (15=*) */
   uint8_t cci;                  /* called from C function */
+  uint8_t vis;                  /* 5(ZERO):1(separate module):2(method visibility) */
+                                /* under 3-bit flags are copied to env, and after that, env takes precedence */
   mrb_sym mid;
   const struct RProc *proc;
   struct RProc *blk;
@@ -184,6 +175,7 @@ typedef struct {
   union {
     struct REnv *env;
     struct RClass *target_class;
+    const void *keep_context;   /* if NULL, it means that the fiber has switched; for internal use */
   } u;
 } mrb_callinfo;
 
@@ -229,22 +221,19 @@ mrb_static_assert_powerof2(MRB_METHOD_CACHE_SIZE);
  */
 typedef mrb_value (*mrb_func_t)(struct mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self);
 
-#ifndef MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT
-typedef uintptr_t mrb_method_t;
-#else
 typedef struct {
-  uint8_t flags;
+  uint32_t flags;                       /* compatible with mt keys in class.c */
+
   union {
-    struct RProc *proc;
+    const struct RProc *proc;
     mrb_func_t func;
-  };
+  } as;
 } mrb_method_t;
-#endif
 
 #ifndef MRB_NO_METHOD_CACHE
 struct mrb_cache_entry {
   struct RClass *c, *c0;
-  mrb_sym mid;
+  /* mrb_sym mid; // mid is stored in mrb_method_t::flags */
   mrb_method_t m;
 };
 #endif
@@ -256,9 +245,6 @@ typedef void (*mrb_atexit_func)(struct mrb_state*);
 typedef struct mrb_state {
   struct mrb_jmpbuf *jmp;
 
-  mrb_allocf allocf;                      /* memory allocation function */
-  void *allocf_ud;                        /* auxiliary data of allocf */
-
   struct mrb_context *c;
   struct mrb_context *root_c;
   struct iv_tbl *globals;                 /* global variable table */
@@ -298,7 +284,7 @@ typedef struct mrb_state {
   mrb_sym symhash[256];
   size_t symcapa;
 #ifndef MRB_USE_ALL_SYMBOLS
-  char symbuf[8];               /* buffer for small symbol names */
+  char symbuf[8];                         /* buffer for small symbol names */
 #endif
 
 #ifdef MRB_USE_DEBUG_HOOK
@@ -426,8 +412,11 @@ MRB_API void mrb_prepend_module(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *cla, struct RClas
  * @param func The function pointer to the method definition.
  * @param aspec The method parameters declaration.
  */
+
 MRB_API void mrb_define_method(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *cla, const char *name, mrb_func_t func, mrb_aspec aspec);
 MRB_API void mrb_define_method_id(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *c, mrb_sym mid, mrb_func_t func, mrb_aspec aspec);
+MRB_API void mrb_define_private_method(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *cla, const char *name, mrb_func_t func, mrb_aspec aspec);
+MRB_API void mrb_define_private_method_id(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *c, mrb_sym mid, mrb_func_t func, mrb_aspec aspec);
 
 /**
  * Defines a class method.
@@ -798,6 +787,8 @@ MRB_API struct RClass * mrb_module_get_under_id(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *o
 MRB_API void mrb_notimplement(mrb_state*);
 /* a function to be replacement of unimplemented method */
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_notimplement_m(mrb_state*, mrb_value);
+/* just return it self */
+MRB_API mrb_value mrb_obj_itself(mrb_state*, mrb_value);
 
 /**
  * Duplicate an object.
@@ -1081,7 +1072,7 @@ MRB_API mrb_bool mrb_block_given_p(mrb_state *mrb);
  *
  *      #include <stdio.h>
  *      #include <mruby.h>
- *      #include "mruby/compile.h"
+ *      #include <mruby/compile.h>
  *
  *      int
  *      main()
@@ -1112,7 +1103,7 @@ MRB_API mrb_value mrb_funcall_id(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value val, mrb_sym mid, mrb
  *
  *      #include <stdio.h>
  *      #include <mruby.h>
- *      #include "mruby/compile.h"
+ *      #include <mruby/compile.h>
  *      int
  *      main()
  *      {
@@ -1141,8 +1132,9 @@ MRB_API mrb_value mrb_funcall_argv(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value val, mrb_sym name,
  */
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_funcall_with_block(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value val, mrb_sym name, mrb_int argc, const mrb_value *argv, mrb_value block);
 /**
- * Create a symbol from C string. But usually it's better to use MRB_SYM,
- * MRB_OPSYM, MRB_CVSYM, MRB_IVSYM, MRB_SYM_B, MRB_SYM_Q, MRB_SYM_E macros.
+ * Create a symbol from C string. But usually it's better to
+ * use MRB_SYM, MRB_OPSYM, MRB_CVSYM, MRB_IVSYM, MRB_GVSYM,
+ * MRB_SYM_B, MRB_SYM_Q, MRB_SYM_E macros.
  *
  * Example:
  *
@@ -1234,32 +1226,19 @@ MRB_API char* mrb_locale_from_utf8(const char *p, int len);
  */
 MRB_API mrb_state* mrb_open(void);
 
-/**
- * Create new mrb_state with custom allocators.
- *
- * @param f
- *      Reference to the allocation function.
- * @param ud
- *      User data will be passed to custom allocator f.
- *      If user data isn't required just pass NULL.
- * @return
- *      Pointer to the newly created mrb_state.
- */
-MRB_API mrb_state* mrb_open_allocf(mrb_allocf f, void *ud);
-
 /**
  * Create new mrb_state with just the mruby core
  *
  * @param f
  *      Reference to the allocation function.
- *      Use mrb_default_allocf for the default
+ *      Use mrb_basic_alloc_func for the default
  * @param ud
  *      User data will be passed to custom allocator f.
  *      If user data isn't required just pass NULL.
  * @return
  *      Pointer to the newly created mrb_state.
  */
-MRB_API mrb_state* mrb_open_core(mrb_allocf f, void *ud);
+MRB_API mrb_state* mrb_open_core(void);
 
 /**
  * Closes and frees a mrb_state.
@@ -1270,14 +1249,35 @@ MRB_API mrb_state* mrb_open_core(mrb_allocf f, void *ud);
 MRB_API void mrb_close(mrb_state *mrb);
 
 /**
- * The default allocation function.
+ * The memory allocation function. You can redefine this function for your own allocator.
  *
- * @see mrb_allocf
  */
-MRB_API void* mrb_default_allocf(mrb_state*, void*, size_t, void*);
+MRB_API void* mrb_basic_alloc_func(void*, size_t);
 
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_top_self(mrb_state *mrb);
+
+/**
+ * Enter the mruby VM and execute the proc.
+ *
+ * @param mrb
+ *      The current mruby state.
+ * @param proc
+ *      An object containing `irep`.
+ *      If supplied an object containing anything other than `irep`, it will probably crash.
+ * @param self
+ *      `self` on the execution context of `proc`.
+ * @param stack_keep
+ *      Specifies the number of values to hold from the stack top.
+ *      Values on the stack outside this range will be initialized to `nil`.
+ *
+ * @note
+ *      When called from a C function defined as a method, the current stack is destroyed.
+ *      If you want to use arguments obtained by `mrb_get_args()` or other methods after `mrb_top_run()`,
+ *      you must protect them by `mrb_gc_protect()` or other ways before this function.
+ *      Or consider using `mrb_yield()` family functions.
+ */
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_top_run(mrb_state *mrb, const struct RProc *proc, mrb_value self, mrb_int stack_keep);
+
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_vm_run(mrb_state *mrb, const struct RProc *proc, mrb_value self, mrb_int stack_keep);
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_vm_exec(mrb_state *mrb, const struct RProc *proc, const mrb_code *iseq);
 /* compatibility macros */
@@ -1439,7 +1439,7 @@ MRB_API void mrb_define_global_const(mrb_state *mrb, const char *name, mrb_value
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_attr_get(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value obj, mrb_sym id);
 
 MRB_API mrb_bool mrb_respond_to(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value obj, mrb_sym mid);
-MRB_API mrb_bool mrb_obj_is_instance_of(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value obj, struct RClass* c);
+MRB_API mrb_bool mrb_obj_is_instance_of(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value obj, const struct RClass* c);
 MRB_API mrb_bool mrb_func_basic_p(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value obj, mrb_sym mid, mrb_func_t func);
 
 /* obsolete function(s); will be removed */
@@ -1492,13 +1492,6 @@ MRB_API mrb_value mrb_fiber_alive_p(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value fib);
 #define E_FIBER_ERROR mrb_exc_get_id(mrb, MRB_ERROR_SYM(FiberError))
 MRB_API void mrb_stack_extend(mrb_state*, mrb_int);
 
-/* memory pool implementation */
-typedef struct mrb_pool mrb_pool;
-MRB_API struct mrb_pool* mrb_pool_open(mrb_state*);
-MRB_API void mrb_pool_close(struct mrb_pool*);
-MRB_API void* mrb_pool_alloc(struct mrb_pool*, size_t);
-MRB_API void* mrb_pool_realloc(struct mrb_pool*, void*, size_t oldlen, size_t newlen);
-MRB_API mrb_bool mrb_pool_can_realloc(struct mrb_pool*, void*, size_t);
 /* temporary memory allocation, only effective while GC arena is kept */
 MRB_API void* mrb_alloca(mrb_state *mrb, size_t);
 
@@ -1540,6 +1533,8 @@ mrbmemset(void *s, int c, size_t n)
 #define memset(a,b,c) mrbmemset(a,b,c)
 #endif
 
+#define mrb_int_hash_func(mrb,key) (uint32_t)((key)^((key)<<2)^((key)>>2))
+
 MRB_END_DECL
 
 #endif  /* MRUBY_H */

include/mruby/boxing_nan.h

@@ -98,6 +98,16 @@ mrb_type(mrb_value o)
   }
 }
 
+MRB_INLINE enum mrb_vtype
+mrb_unboxed_type(mrb_value o)
+{
+  if (!mrb_float_p(o) && mrb_nb_tt(o) == MRB_NANBOX_TT_OBJECT && o.u != 0) {
+    return ((struct RBasic*)(uintptr_t)o.u)->tt;
+  } else {
+    return MRB_TT_FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
 #define NANBOX_SET_MISC_VALUE(r,t,i) NANBOX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_NANBOX_TT_MISC, ((uint64_t)(t)<<32) | (i))
 
 #define mrb_float(o) mrb_nan_boxing_value_float(o)

include/mruby/boxing_no.h

@@ -26,33 +26,34 @@ typedef struct mrb_value {
   enum mrb_vtype tt;
 } mrb_value;
 
-#define mrb_ptr(o)      (o).value.p
-#define mrb_cptr(o)     mrb_ptr(o)
+#define mrb_ptr(o)          (o).value.p
+#define mrb_cptr(o)         mrb_ptr(o)
 #ifndef MRB_NO_FLOAT
-#define mrb_float(o)    (o).value.f
+#define mrb_float(o)        (o).value.f
 #endif
-#define mrb_fixnum(o)   (o).value.i
-#define mrb_integer(o)  mrb_fixnum(o)
-#define mrb_symbol(o)   (o).value.sym
-#define mrb_type(o)     (o).tt
+#define mrb_fixnum(o)       (o).value.i
+#define mrb_integer(o)      mrb_fixnum(o)
+#define mrb_symbol(o)       (o).value.sym
+#define mrb_type(o)         (o).tt
+#define mrb_unboxed_type(o) (o).tt
 
-#define BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(o, ttt, attr, v) do {\
+#define BOXNO_SET_VALUE(o, ttt, attr, v) do {\
   (o).tt = ttt;\
   (o).attr = v;\
 } while (0)
 
-#define SET_NIL_VALUE(r) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_FALSE, value.i, 0)
-#define SET_FALSE_VALUE(r) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_FALSE, value.i, 1)
-#define SET_TRUE_VALUE(r) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_TRUE, value.i, 1)
-#define SET_BOOL_VALUE(r,b) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, b ? MRB_TT_TRUE : MRB_TT_FALSE, value.i, 1)
-#define SET_INT_VALUE(mrb,r,n) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_INTEGER, value.i, (n))
-#define SET_FIXNUM_VALUE(r,n) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_INTEGER, value.i, (n))
+#define SET_NIL_VALUE(r) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_FALSE, value.i, 0)
+#define SET_FALSE_VALUE(r) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_FALSE, value.i, 1)
+#define SET_TRUE_VALUE(r) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_TRUE, value.i, 1)
+#define SET_BOOL_VALUE(r,b) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, b ? MRB_TT_TRUE : MRB_TT_FALSE, value.i, 1)
+#define SET_INT_VALUE(mrb,r,n) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_INTEGER, value.i, (n))
+#define SET_FIXNUM_VALUE(r,n) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_INTEGER, value.i, (n))
 #ifndef MRB_NO_FLOAT
-#define SET_FLOAT_VALUE(mrb,r,v) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_FLOAT, value.f, (v))
+#define SET_FLOAT_VALUE(mrb,r,v) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_FLOAT, value.f, (v))
 #endif
-#define SET_SYM_VALUE(r,v) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_SYMBOL, value.sym, (v))
-#define SET_OBJ_VALUE(r,v) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, (((struct RObject*)(v))->tt), value.p, (v))
-#define SET_CPTR_VALUE(mrb,r,v) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_CPTR, value.p, v)
-#define SET_UNDEF_VALUE(r) BOXNIX_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_UNDEF, value.i, 0)
+#define SET_SYM_VALUE(r,v) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_SYMBOL, value.sym, (v))
+#define SET_OBJ_VALUE(r,v) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, (((struct RObject*)(v))->tt), value.p, (v))
+#define SET_CPTR_VALUE(mrb,r,v) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_CPTR, value.p, v)
+#define SET_UNDEF_VALUE(r) BOXNO_SET_VALUE(r, MRB_TT_UNDEF, value.i, 0)
 
 #endif  /* MRUBY_BOXING_NO_H */

include/mruby/boxing_word.h

@@ -50,8 +50,9 @@ enum mrb_special_consts {
 #define WORDBOX_FIXNUM_FLAG     (1 << (WORDBOX_FIXNUM_BIT_POS - 1))
 #define WORDBOX_FIXNUM_MASK     ((1 << WORDBOX_FIXNUM_BIT_POS) - 1)
 
-#if defined(MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE)
+#if defined(MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE) || defined(MRB_NO_FLOAT)
 /* floats are allocated in heaps */
+#define WORDBOX_IMMEDIATE_MASK  0x03
 #define WORDBOX_SYMBOL_BIT_POS  2
 #define WORDBOX_SYMBOL_SHIFT    WORDBOX_SYMBOL_BIT_POS
 #define WORDBOX_SYMBOL_FLAG     (1 << (WORDBOX_SYMBOL_BIT_POS - 1))
@@ -68,7 +69,9 @@ enum mrb_special_consts {
 #define WORDBOX_SYMBOL_MASK     0x1f
 #endif
 
+#ifndef WORDBOX_IMMEDIATE_MASK
 #define WORDBOX_IMMEDIATE_MASK  0x07
+#endif
 
 #define WORDBOX_SET_SHIFT_VALUE(o,n,v) \
   ((o).w = (((uintptr_t)(v)) << WORDBOX_##n##_SHIFT) | WORDBOX_##n##_FLAG)
@@ -80,7 +83,7 @@ enum mrb_special_consts {
 /*
  * mrb_value representation:
  *
- * 64bit word with inline float:
+ * 64-bit word with inline float:
  *   nil   : ...0000 0000 (all bits are 0)
  *   false : ...0000 0100 (mrb_fixnum(v) != 0)
  *   true  : ...0000 1100
@@ -90,7 +93,7 @@ enum mrb_special_consts {
  *   float : ...FFFF FF10 (51 bit significands; require MRB_64BIT)
  *   object: ...PPPP P000
  *
- * 32bit word with inline float:
+ * 32-bit word with inline float:
  *   nil   : ...0000 0000 (all bits are 0)
  *   false : ...0000 0100 (mrb_fixnum(v) != 0)
  *   true  : ...0000 1100
@@ -107,7 +110,7 @@ enum mrb_special_consts {
  *   undef : ...0001 0100
  *   fixnum: ...IIII III1
  *   symbol: ...SSSS SS10
- *   object: ...PPPP P000 (any bits are 1)
+ *   object: ...PPPP PP00 (any bits are 1)
  */
 typedef struct mrb_value {
   uintptr_t w;
@@ -145,7 +148,11 @@ MRB_API mrb_value mrb_word_boxing_float_value(struct mrb_state*, mrb_float);
 #endif
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_boxing_int_value(struct mrb_state*, mrb_int);
 
+#if WORDBOX_IMMEDIATE_MASK == 0x3
+#define mrb_immediate_p(o) ((o).w & WORDBOX_IMMEDIATE_MASK || (o).w <= MRB_Qundef)
+#else
 #define mrb_immediate_p(o) ((o).w & WORDBOX_IMMEDIATE_MASK || (o).w == MRB_Qnil)
+#endif
 
 #define mrb_ptr(o)     mrb_val_union(o).p
 #define mrb_cptr(o)    mrb_val_union(o).vp->p
@@ -228,4 +235,17 @@ mrb_type(mrb_value o)
          mrb_val_union(o).bp->tt;
 }
 
+MRB_INLINE enum mrb_vtype
+mrb_unboxed_type(mrb_value o)
+{
+  if (mrb_nil_p(o)) {
+    return MRB_TT_FALSE;
+  } else if ((o.w & WORDBOX_IMMEDIATE_MASK) == 0) {
+    return mrb_val_union(o).bp->tt;
+  } else {
+    return MRB_TT_FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+
 #endif  /* MRUBY_BOXING_WORD_H */

include/mruby/common.h

@@ -59,6 +59,26 @@ MRB_BEGIN_DECL
 # define mrb_deprecated
 #endif
 
+/** Declare a type or object as an alignment requirement. */
+#ifndef mrb_alignas
+# if defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201103L
+#  // https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/alignas
+#  define mrb_alignas(n) alignas(n)
+# elif defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L
+#  // https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/language/_Alignas
+#  define mrb_alignas(n) _Alignas(n)
+# elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#  // https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/cpp/align-cpp?view=msvc-170
+#  define mrb_alignas(n) __declspec(align(n))
+# elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#  // https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Type-Attributes.html#index-aligned-type-attribute
+#  define mrb_alignas(n) __attribute__((aligned(n)))
+# else
+#  // `mrb_alignas` defined as dummy. If necessary, send issues to https://github.com/mruby/mruby .
+#  define mrb_alignas(n)
+# endif
+#endif
+
 /** Declare a function as always inlined. */
 #if defined _MSC_VER && _MSC_VER < 1900
 # ifndef __cplusplus

include/mruby/compile.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #define MRUBY_COMPILE_H
 
 #include "common.h"
+#include "mruby/mempool.h"
 
 /**
  * mruby Compiler
@@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ typedef struct mrb_ccontext {
 MRB_API mrb_ccontext* mrb_ccontext_new(mrb_state *mrb);
 MRB_API void mrb_ccontext_free(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_ccontext *cxt);
 MRB_API const char *mrb_ccontext_filename(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_ccontext *c, const char *s);
-MRB_API void mrb_ccontext_partial_hook(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_ccontext *c, int (*partial_hook)(struct mrb_parser_state*), void*data);
-MRB_API void mrb_ccontext_cleanup_local_variables(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_ccontext *c);
+MRB_API void mrb_ccontext_partial_hook(mrb_ccontext *c, int (*partial_hook)(struct mrb_parser_state*), void*data);
+MRB_API void mrb_ccontext_cleanup_local_variables(mrb_ccontext *c);
 
 /* compatibility macros */
 #define mrbc_context mrb_ccontext
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ struct mrb_parser_heredoc_info {
 /* parser structure */
 struct mrb_parser_state {
   mrb_state *mrb;
-  struct mrb_pool *pool;
+  mempool *pool;
   mrb_ast_node *cells;
   const char *s, *send;
 #ifndef MRB_NO_STDIO
@@ -190,15 +191,22 @@ MRB_API struct mrb_parser_state* mrb_parse_nstring(mrb_state*,const char*,size_t
 MRB_API struct RProc* mrb_generate_code(mrb_state*, struct mrb_parser_state*);
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_exec(mrb_state *mrb, struct mrb_parser_state *p, mrb_ccontext *c);
 
-/** program load functions
-* Please note! Currently due to interactions with the GC calling these functions will
-* leak one RProc object per function call.
-* To prevent this save the current memory arena before calling and restore the arena
-* right after, like so
-* int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
-* mrb_value status = mrb_load_string(mrb, buffer);
-* mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
-*/
+/**
+ * program load functions
+ *
+ * Please note! Currently due to interactions with the GC calling these functions will
+ * leak one RProc object per function call.
+ * To prevent this save the current memory arena before calling and restore the arena
+ * right after, like so
+ *
+ *      int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
+ *      mrb_value status = mrb_load_string(mrb, buffer);
+ *      mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
+ *
+ * Also, when called from a C function defined as a method, the current stack is destroyed.
+ * If processing continues after this function, the objects obtained from the arguments
+ * must be protected as needed before this function.
+ */
 #ifndef MRB_NO_STDIO
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_file(mrb_state*,FILE*);
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_file_cxt(mrb_state*,FILE*, mrb_ccontext *cxt);

include/mruby/dump.h

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ MRB_BEGIN_DECL
 /* flags for mrb_dump_irep{,_binary,_cfunc,_cstruct} */
 #define MRB_DUMP_DEBUG_INFO 1
 #define MRB_DUMP_STATIC 2
-#define DUMP_DEBUG_INFO MRB_DUMP_DEBUG_INFO  /* deprecated */
+#define MRB_DUMP_NO_LVAR 4
 
 #ifndef MRB_NO_STDIO
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_irep_file(mrb_state*,FILE*);

include/mruby/error.h

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ MRB_BEGIN_DECL
 struct RException {
   MRB_OBJECT_HEADER;
   struct iv_tbl *iv;
-  struct RObject *mesg;         // NULL or probably RString
-  struct RObject *backtrace;    // NULL, RArray or RData
+  struct RBasic *mesg;         // NULL or probably RString
+  struct RBasic *backtrace;    // NULL, RArray or RData
 };
 
 /* error that should terminate execution */

include/mruby/gc.h

@@ -34,17 +34,6 @@ typedef enum {
   MRB_GC_STATE_SWEEP
 } mrb_gc_state;
 
-/* Disable MSVC warning "C4200: nonstandard extension used: zero-sized array
- * in struct/union" when in C++ mode */
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 4200)
-#endif
-
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#pragma warning(pop)
-#endif
-
 typedef struct mrb_gc {
   struct mrb_heap_page *heaps;     /* all heaps pages */
   struct mrb_heap_page *free_heaps;/* heaps for allocation */

include/mruby/internal.h

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ mrb_method_t mrb_vm_find_method(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *c, struct RClass
 mrb_value mrb_mod_const_missing(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value mod);
 mrb_value mrb_const_missing(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value mod, mrb_sym sym);
 size_t mrb_class_mt_memsize(mrb_state*, struct RClass*);
+mrb_value mrb_obj_extend(mrb_state*, mrb_value obj);
 #endif
 
 mrb_value mrb_obj_equal_m(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value);
@@ -60,23 +61,35 @@ void mrb_exc_mesg_set(mrb_state *mrb, struct RException *exc, mrb_value mesg);
 mrb_value mrb_exc_mesg_get(mrb_state *mrb, struct RException *exc);
 mrb_value mrb_f_raise(mrb_state*, mrb_value);
 mrb_value mrb_make_exception(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value exc, mrb_value mesg);
+mrb_value mrb_exc_get_output(mrb_state *mrb, struct RObject *exc);
+
+struct RBacktrace {
+  MRB_OBJECT_HEADER;
+  size_t len;
+  struct mrb_backtrace_location *locations;
+};
+
+struct mrb_backtrace_location {
+  mrb_sym method_id;
+  int32_t idx;
+  const mrb_irep *irep;
+};
 
 /* gc */
-void mrb_gc_mark_mt(mrb_state*, struct RClass*);
-size_t mrb_gc_mark_mt_size(mrb_state*, struct RClass*);
+size_t mrb_gc_mark_mt(mrb_state*, struct RClass*);
 void mrb_gc_free_mt(mrb_state*, struct RClass*);
 
 /* hash */
 size_t mrb_hash_memsize(mrb_value obj);
-void mrb_gc_mark_hash(mrb_state*, struct RHash*);
-size_t mrb_gc_mark_hash_size(mrb_state*, struct RHash*);
+size_t mrb_gc_mark_hash(mrb_state*, struct RHash*);
 void mrb_gc_free_hash(mrb_state*, struct RHash*);
+mrb_value mrb_hash_first_key(mrb_state*, mrb_value);
+uint32_t mrb_obj_hash_code(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value key);
 
 /* irep */
 struct mrb_insn_data mrb_decode_insn(const mrb_code *pc);
 #ifdef MRUBY_IREP_H
 void mrb_irep_free(mrb_state*, struct mrb_irep*);
-void mrb_irep_remove_lv(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_irep *irep);
 
 static inline const struct mrb_irep_catch_handler *
 mrb_irep_catch_handler_table(const struct mrb_irep *irep)
@@ -116,25 +129,27 @@ mrb_value mrb_rational_add(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_rational_sub(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_rational_mul(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_rational_div(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
+mrb_value mrb_as_rational(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x);
 void mrb_rational_copy(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
+int mrb_rational_mark(mrb_state *mrb, struct RBasic *rat);
 #endif
 
 #ifdef MRUBY_PROC_H
 struct RProc *mrb_closure_new(mrb_state*, const mrb_irep*);
-void mrb_proc_copy(mrb_state *mrb, struct RProc *a, struct RProc *b);
+void mrb_proc_copy(mrb_state *mrb, struct RProc *a, const struct RProc *b);
 mrb_int mrb_proc_arity(const struct RProc *p);
 struct REnv *mrb_env_new(mrb_state *mrb, struct mrb_context *c, mrb_callinfo *ci, int nstacks, mrb_value *stack, struct RClass *tc);
 void mrb_proc_merge_lvar(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_irep *irep, struct REnv *env, int num, const mrb_sym *lv, const mrb_value *stack);
 mrb_value mrb_proc_local_variables(mrb_state *mrb, const struct RProc *proc);
 const struct RProc *mrb_proc_get_caller(mrb_state *mrb, struct REnv **env);
-mrb_value mrb_proc_get_self(mrb_state *mrb, struct RProc *p, struct RClass **target_class_p);
+mrb_value mrb_proc_get_self(mrb_state *mrb, const struct RProc *p, struct RClass **target_class_p);
 mrb_bool mrb_proc_eql(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self, mrb_value other);
 #endif
 
 /* range */
 #ifdef MRUBY_RANGE_H
 mrb_value mrb_get_values_at(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value obj, mrb_int olen, mrb_int argc, const mrb_value *argv, mrb_value (*func)(mrb_state*, mrb_value, mrb_int));
-void mrb_gc_mark_range(mrb_state *mrb, struct RRange *r);
+size_t mrb_gc_mark_range(mrb_state *mrb, struct RRange *r);
 #endif
 
 /* string */
@@ -159,32 +174,38 @@ void mrb_vm_special_set(mrb_state*, mrb_sym, mrb_value);
 mrb_value mrb_vm_cv_get(mrb_state*, mrb_sym);
 void mrb_vm_cv_set(mrb_state*, mrb_sym, mrb_value);
 mrb_value mrb_vm_const_get(mrb_state*, mrb_sym);
-void mrb_vm_const_set(mrb_state*, mrb_sym, mrb_value);
 size_t mrb_obj_iv_tbl_memsize(mrb_value);
 mrb_value mrb_obj_iv_inspect(mrb_state*, struct RObject*);
 void mrb_obj_iv_set_force(mrb_state *mrb, struct RObject *obj, mrb_sym sym, mrb_value v);
 mrb_value mrb_mod_constants(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value mod);
+mrb_value mrb_mod_const_at(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *c, mrb_value ary);
 mrb_value mrb_f_global_variables(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self);
 mrb_value mrb_obj_instance_variables(mrb_state*, mrb_value);
 mrb_value mrb_mod_class_variables(mrb_state*, mrb_value);
-mrb_value mrb_mod_cv_get(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass * c, mrb_sym sym);
-mrb_bool mrb_mod_cv_defined(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass * c, mrb_sym sym);
+mrb_value mrb_mod_cv_get(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *c, mrb_sym sym);
+mrb_bool mrb_mod_cv_defined(mrb_state *mrb, struct RClass *c, mrb_sym sym);
 mrb_bool mrb_ident_p(const char *s, mrb_int len);
+mrb_value mrb_exc_const_get(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_sym sym);
 
 /* GC functions */
 void mrb_gc_mark_gv(mrb_state*);
 void mrb_gc_free_gv(mrb_state*);
-void mrb_gc_mark_iv(mrb_state*, struct RObject*);
-size_t mrb_gc_mark_iv_size(mrb_state*, struct RObject*);
+size_t mrb_gc_mark_iv(mrb_state*, struct RObject*);
 void mrb_gc_free_iv(mrb_state*, struct RObject*);
 
 /* VM */
+#define MRB_CI_VISIBILITY(ci) MRB_FLAGS_GET((ci)->vis, 0, 2)
+#define MRB_CI_SET_VISIBILITY(ci, visi) MRB_FLAGS_SET((ci)->vis, 0, 2, visi)
+#define MRB_CI_VISIBILITY_BREAK_P(ci) MRB_FLAG_CHECK((ci)->vis, 2)
+#define MRB_CI_SET_VISIBILITY_BREAK(ci) MRB_FLAG_ON((ci)->vis, 2)
 mrb_int mrb_ci_bidx(mrb_callinfo *ci);
 mrb_int mrb_ci_nregs(mrb_callinfo *ci);
-mrb_value mrb_exec_irep(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self, struct RProc *p);
+mrb_value mrb_exec_irep(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self, const struct RProc *p);
 mrb_value mrb_obj_instance_eval(mrb_state*, mrb_value);
+mrb_value mrb_object_exec(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self, struct RClass *target_class);
 mrb_value mrb_mod_module_eval(mrb_state*, mrb_value);
 mrb_value mrb_f_send(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self);
+mrb_value mrb_f_public_send(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self);
 
 #ifdef MRB_USE_BIGINT
 mrb_value mrb_bint_new_int(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_int x);
@@ -198,8 +219,8 @@ mrb_value mrb_bint_new_str(mrb_state *mrb, const char *x, mrb_int len, mrb_int b
 mrb_value mrb_as_bint(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_add(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_sub(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
-mrb_value mrb_bint_add_d(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
-mrb_value mrb_bint_sub_d(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
+mrb_value mrb_bint_add_n(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
+mrb_value mrb_bint_sub_n(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_mul(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_div(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_divmod(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
@@ -212,6 +233,7 @@ mrb_value mrb_bint_pow(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_powm(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y, mrb_value z);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_and(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_or(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
+mrb_value mrb_bint_neg(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_xor(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_rev(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_lshift(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_int width);
@@ -233,6 +255,7 @@ void mrb_gc_free_bint(mrb_state *mrb, struct RBasic *x);
 void mrb_bint_copy(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x, mrb_value y);
 size_t mrb_bint_memsize(mrb_value x);
 mrb_value mrb_bint_hash(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x);
+mrb_value mrb_bint_sqrt(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value x);
 #endif
 
 #endif  /* MRUBY_INTERNAL_H */

include/mruby/irep.h

@@ -16,19 +16,19 @@
 MRB_BEGIN_DECL
 
 enum irep_pool_type {
-  IREP_TT_STR   = 0,          /* string (need free) */
-  IREP_TT_SSTR  = 2,          /* string (static) */
-  IREP_TT_INT32 = 1,          /* 32bit integer */
-  IREP_TT_INT64 = 3,          /* 64bit integer */
-  IREP_TT_BIGINT = 7,         /* big integer (not yet supported) */
-  IREP_TT_FLOAT = 5,          /* float (double/float) */
+  IREP_TT_STR = 0,    /* string (need free) */
+  IREP_TT_SSTR = 2,   /* string (static) */
+  IREP_TT_INT32 = 1,  /* 32-bit integer */
+  IREP_TT_INT64 = 3,  /* 64-bit integer */
+  IREP_TT_BIGINT = 7, /* big integer (not yet supported) */
+  IREP_TT_FLOAT = 5,  /* float (double/float) */
 };
 
-#define IREP_TT_NFLAG 1       /* number (non string) flag */
-#define IREP_TT_SFLAG 2       /* static string flag */
+#define IREP_TT_NFLAG 1 /* number (non string) flag */
+#define IREP_TT_SFLAG 2 /* static string flag */
 
-typedef struct mrb_pool_value {
-  uint32_t tt;     /* packed type and length (for string) */
+typedef struct mrb_irep_pool {
+  uint32_t tt; /* packed type and length (for string) */
   union {
     const char *str;
     int32_t i32;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ typedef struct mrb_pool_value {
     mrb_float f;
 #endif
   } u;
-} mrb_pool_value;
+} mrb_irep_pool;
 
 enum mrb_catch_type {
   MRB_CATCH_RESCUE = 0,
@@ -45,32 +45,33 @@ enum mrb_catch_type {
 };
 
 struct mrb_irep_catch_handler {
-  uint8_t type;         /* enum mrb_catch_type */
-  uint8_t begin[4];     /* The starting address to match the handler. Includes this. */
-  uint8_t end[4];       /* The endpoint address that matches the handler. Not Includes this. */
-  uint8_t target[4];    /* The address to jump to if a match is made. */
+  uint8_t type; /* enum mrb_catch_type */
+  uint8_t begin[4];  /* The starting address to match the handler. Includes this. */
+  uint8_t end[4];    /* The endpoint address that matches the handler. Not Includes this. */
+  uint8_t target[4]; /* The address to jump to if a match is made. */
 };
 
 /* Program data array struct */
 struct mrb_irep {
-  uint16_t nlocals;        /* Number of local variables */
-  uint16_t nregs;          /* Number of register variables */
-  uint16_t clen;           /* Number of catch handlers */
+  uint16_t nlocals; /* Number of local variables */
+  uint16_t nregs;   /* Number of register variables */
+  uint16_t clen;    /* Number of catch handlers */
   uint8_t flags;
 
   const mrb_code *iseq;
   /*
    * A catch handler table is placed after the iseq entity.
-   * The reason it doesn't add fields to the structure is to keep the mrb_irep structure from bloating.
-   * The catch handler table can be obtained with `mrb_irep_catch_handler_table(irep)`.
+   * The reason it doesn't add fields to the structure is to keep the mrb_irep
+   * structure from bloating. The catch handler table can be obtained with
+   * `mrb_irep_catch_handler_table(irep)`.
    */
-  const mrb_pool_value *pool;
+  const mrb_irep_pool *pool;
   const mrb_sym *syms;
-  const struct mrb_irep * const *reps;
+  const struct mrb_irep *const *reps;
 
   const mrb_sym *lv;
   /* debug info */
-  struct mrb_irep_debug_info* debug_info;
+  struct mrb_irep_debug_info *debug_info;
 
   uint32_t ilen;
   uint16_t plen, slen;
@@ -80,37 +81,46 @@ struct mrb_irep {
 
 #define MRB_ISEQ_NO_FREE 1
 #define MRB_IREP_NO_FREE 2
-#define MRB_IREP_STATIC  (MRB_ISEQ_NO_FREE | MRB_IREP_NO_FREE)
+#define MRB_IREP_STATIC (MRB_ISEQ_NO_FREE | MRB_IREP_NO_FREE)
 
 MRB_API mrb_irep *mrb_add_irep(mrb_state *mrb);
 
-/** load mruby bytecode functions
-* Please note! Currently due to interactions with the GC calling these functions will
-* leak one RProc object per function call.
-* To prevent this save the current memory arena before calling and restore the arena
-* right after, like so
-* int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
-* mrb_value status = mrb_load_irep(mrb, buffer);
-* mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
-*/
+/**
+ * load mruby bytecode functions
+ *
+ * Please note! Currently due to interactions with the GC calling these
+ * functions will leak one RProc object per function call. To prevent this save
+ * the current memory arena before calling and restore the arena right after,
+ * like so
+ *
+ *      int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
+ *      mrb_value status = mrb_load_irep(mrb, buffer);
+ *      mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
+ *
+ * Also, when called from a C function defined as a method, the current stack is
+ * destroyed. If processing continues after this function, the objects obtained
+ * from the arguments must be protected as needed before this function.
+ */
 
 /* @param [const uint8_t*] irep code, expected as a literal */
-MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_irep(mrb_state*, const uint8_t*);
+MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_irep(mrb_state *, const uint8_t *);
 
 /*
  * @param [const void*] irep code
  * @param [size_t] size of irep buffer.
  */
-MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_irep_buf(mrb_state*, const void*, size_t);
+MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_irep_buf(mrb_state *, const void *, size_t);
 
 /* @param [const uint8_t*] irep code, expected as a literal */
-MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_irep_cxt(mrb_state*, const uint8_t*, mrb_ccontext*);
+MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_irep_cxt(mrb_state *, const uint8_t *,
+                                    mrbc_context *);
 
 /*
  * @param [const void*] irep code
  * @param [size_t] size of irep buffer.
  */
-MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_irep_buf_cxt(mrb_state*, const void*, size_t, mrb_ccontext*);
+MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_irep_buf_cxt(mrb_state *, const void *, size_t,
+                                        mrbc_context *);
 
 struct mrb_insn_data {
   uint8_t insn;
@@ -120,13 +130,13 @@ struct mrb_insn_data {
   const mrb_code *addr;
 };
 
-#define mrb_irep_catch_handler_pack(n, v)   uint32_to_bin(n, v)
-#define mrb_irep_catch_handler_unpack(v)    bin_to_uint32(v)
+#define mrb_irep_catch_handler_pack(n, v) uint32_to_bin(n, v)
+#define mrb_irep_catch_handler_unpack(v) bin_to_uint32(v)
 
-void mrb_irep_incref(mrb_state*, struct mrb_irep*);
-void mrb_irep_decref(mrb_state*, struct mrb_irep*);
-void mrb_irep_cutref(mrb_state*, struct mrb_irep*);
+void mrb_irep_incref(mrb_state *, struct mrb_irep *);
+void mrb_irep_decref(mrb_state *, struct mrb_irep *);
+void mrb_irep_cutref(mrb_state *, struct mrb_irep *);
 
 MRB_END_DECL
 
-#endif  /* MRUBY_IREP_H */
+#endif /* MRUBY_IREP_H */

include/mruby/istruct.h

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ struct RIStruct {
 #define RISTRUCT(obj)         ((struct RIStruct*)(mrb_ptr(obj)))
 #define ISTRUCT_PTR(obj)      (RISTRUCT(obj)->inline_data)
 
-MRB_INLINE mrb_int mrb_istruct_size()
+MRB_INLINE mrb_int mrb_istruct_size(void)
 {
   return ISTRUCT_DATA_SIZE;
 }

include/mruby/khash.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ typedef uint32_t khint_t;
 typedef khint_t khiter_t;
 
 #ifndef KHASH_DEFAULT_SIZE
-# define KHASH_DEFAULT_SIZE 32
+# define KHASH_DEFAULT_SIZE 8
 #endif
 #define KHASH_MIN_SIZE 8
 
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ kh_fill_flags(uint8_t *p, uint8_t c, size_t len)
 #define kh_size(h) ((h)->size)
 #define kh_n_buckets(h) ((h)->n_buckets)
 
-#define kh_int_hash_func(mrb,key) (khint_t)((key)^((key)<<2)^((key)>>2))
+#define kh_int_hash_func(mrb,key) mrb_int_hash_func(mrb,key)
 #define kh_int_hash_equal(mrb,a, b) (a == b)
 #define kh_int64_hash_func(mrb,key) (khint_t)((key)>>33^(key)^(key)<<11)
 #define kh_int64_hash_equal(mrb,a, b) (a == b)
@@ -281,4 +281,24 @@ typedef const char *kh_cstr_t;
 
 MRB_END_DECL
 
+/**
+ * Macro for iterating over all elements in a khash.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   KHASH_FOREACH(mrb, kh, k) {
+ *     // k is the khiter_t iterator
+ *     // Access the key with kh_key(kh, k)
+ *     // Access the value with kh_val(kh, k) if applicable
+ *     // Your code here
+ *   }
+ *
+ * @param mrb The mrb_state
+ * @param kh  The khash to iterate over
+ * @param k   The name to use for the khiter_t iterator variable
+ */
+#define KHASH_FOREACH(mrb, kh, k) \
+  if (kh) \
+    for (khiter_t k = kh_begin(kh); k != kh_end(kh); k++) \
+      if (kh_exist(kh, k))
+
 #endif  /* MRUBY_KHASH_H */

include/mruby/mempool.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+** mempool.h - memory pool
+**
+** See Copyright Notice in mruby.h
+*/
+
+/* memory pool implementation */
+typedef struct mempool mempool;
+MRB_API struct mempool* mempool_open(void);
+MRB_API void mempool_close(struct mempool*);
+MRB_API void* mempool_alloc(struct mempool*, size_t);
+MRB_API void* mempool_realloc(struct mempool*, void*, size_t oldlen, size_t newlen);
+
+/* compatibility layer */
+typedef struct mempool mrb_mempool;
+#define mrb_mempool_open(m) mempool_open()
+#define mrb_mempool_close(m) mempool_close(m)
+#define mrb_mempool_alloc(m, size) mempool_alloc((m),(size))
+#define mrb_mempool_realloc(m, ptr, oldlen, newlen) mempool_realloc((m),(ptr),(oldlen),(newlen))

include/mruby/object.h

@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@
   struct RClass *c;       \
   struct RBasic *gcnext;  \
   enum mrb_vtype tt:8;    \
-  uint32_t color:3;       \
-  uint32_t flags:21
+  unsigned int gc_color:3; \
+  unsigned int frozen:1;  \
+  uint32_t flags:20
 
 #define MRB_FLAG_TEST(obj, flag) ((obj)->flags & (flag))
 
@@ -21,11 +22,8 @@ struct RBasic {
 };
 #define mrb_basic_ptr(v) ((struct RBasic*)(mrb_ptr(v)))
 
-#define MRB_FL_OBJ_IS_FROZEN (1 << 20)
-#define MRB_FROZEN_P(o) ((o)->flags & MRB_FL_OBJ_IS_FROZEN)
-#define MRB_SET_FROZEN_FLAG(o) ((o)->flags |= MRB_FL_OBJ_IS_FROZEN)
-#define MRB_UNSET_FROZEN_FLAG(o) ((o)->flags &= ~MRB_FL_OBJ_IS_FROZEN)
-#define mrb_frozen_p(o) MRB_FROZEN_P(o)
+#define MRB_OBJ_IS_FROZEN 1
+#define mrb_frozen_p(o) ((o)->frozen)
 
 struct RObject {
   MRB_OBJECT_HEADER;

include/mruby/opcode.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 enum mrb_insn {
 #define OPCODE(x,_) OP_ ## x,
-#include "mruby/ops.h"
+#include <mruby/ops.h>
 #undef OPCODE
 };
 

include/mruby/ops.h

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ operation code    operands      semantics
 OPCODE(NOP,        Z)        /* no operation */
 OPCODE(MOVE,       BB)       /* R[a] = R[b] */
 OPCODE(LOADL,      BB)       /* R[a] = Pool[b] */
-OPCODE(LOADI,      BB)       /* R[a] = mrb_int(b) */
+OPCODE(LOADI8,     BB)       /* R[a] = mrb_int(b) */
 OPCODE(LOADINEG,   BB)       /* R[a] = mrb_int(-b) */
 OPCODE(LOADI__1,   B)        /* R[a] = mrb_int(-1) */
 OPCODE(LOADI_0,    B)        /* R[a] = mrb_int(0) */

include/mruby/presym.h

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
  * macros.
  *
  *   MRB_OPSYM(xor)  //=> ^      (Operator)
+ *   MRB_GVSYM(xor)  //=> $xor   (Global Variable)
  *   MRB_CVSYM(xor)  //=> @@xor  (Class Variable)
  *   MRB_IVSYM(xor)  //=> @xor   (Instance Variable)
  *   MRB_SYM_B(xor)  //=> xor!   (Method with Bang)
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@
  * For `MRB_OPSYM`, specify the names corresponding to operators (see
  * `MRuby::Presym::OPERATORS` in `lib/mruby/presym.rb` for the names that
  * can be specified for it). Other than that, describe only word characters
- * excluding leading and ending punctuations.
+ * excluding leading and ending punctuation.
  *
  * These macros are expanded to `mrb_intern_lit` if presym is disabled,
  * therefore the mruby state variable is required. The above macros can be

include/mruby/presym/disable.h

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #define MRB_PRESYM_MAX 0
 
 #define MRB_OPSYM(name) MRB_OPSYM__##name(mrb)
+#define MRB_GVSYM(name) mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "$" #name)
 #define MRB_CVSYM(name) mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "@@" #name)
 #define MRB_IVSYM(name) mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "@" #name)
 #define MRB_SYM_B(name) mrb_intern_lit(mrb, #name "!")
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@
 #define MRB_SYM(name) mrb_intern_lit(mrb, #name)
 
 #define MRB_OPSYM_2(mrb, name) MRB_OPSYM__##name(mrb)
+#define MRB_GVSYM_2(mrb, name) mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "$" #name)
 #define MRB_CVSYM_2(mrb, name) mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "@@" #name)
 #define MRB_IVSYM_2(mrb, name) mrb_intern_lit(mrb, "@" #name)
 #define MRB_SYM_B_2(mrb, name) mrb_intern_lit(mrb, #name "!")

include/mruby/presym/enable.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <mruby/presym/id.h>
 
 #define MRB_OPSYM(name) MRB_OPSYM__##name
+#define MRB_GVSYM(name) MRB_GVSYM__##name
 #define MRB_CVSYM(name) MRB_CVSYM__##name
 #define MRB_IVSYM(name) MRB_IVSYM__##name
 #define MRB_SYM_B(name) MRB_SYM_B__##name
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@
 #define MRB_SYM(name) MRB_SYM__##name
 
 #define MRB_OPSYM_2(mrb, name) MRB_OPSYM__##name
+#define MRB_GVSYM_2(mrb, name) MRB_GVSYM__##name
 #define MRB_CVSYM_2(mrb, name) MRB_CVSYM__##name
 #define MRB_IVSYM_2(mrb, name) MRB_IVSYM__##name
 #define MRB_SYM_B_2(mrb, name) MRB_SYM_B__##name

include/mruby/presym/scanning.h

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #define mrb_funcall(mrb, v, name, ...) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED(name) (v) (__VA_ARGS__)
 
 #define MRB_OPSYM(name) MRB_OPSYM__##name(mrb)
+#define MRB_GVSYM(name) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED("$" #name)
 #define MRB_CVSYM(name) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED("@@" #name)
 #define MRB_IVSYM(name) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED("@" #name)
 #define MRB_SYM_B(name) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED(#name "!")
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@
 #define MRB_SYM(name) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED(#name)
 
 #define MRB_OPSYM_2(mrb, name) MRB_OPSYM__##name(mrb)
+#define MRB_GVSYM_2(mrb, name) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED("$" #name)
 #define MRB_CVSYM_2(mrb, name) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED("@@" #name)
 #define MRB_IVSYM_2(mrb, name) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED("@" #name)
 #define MRB_SYM_B_2(mrb, name) MRB_PRESYM_SCANNING_TAGGED(#name "!")

include/mruby/proc.h

@@ -9,27 +9,38 @@
 
 #include "common.h"
 #include <mruby/irep.h>
+#include <string.h>
 
 /**
  * Proc class
  */
 MRB_BEGIN_DECL
 
+/*
+ * env object (for internal used)
+ *
+ * - don't create multiple envs on one ci.
+ * - don't share a env to different ci.
+ * - don't attach a closed env to any ci.
+ */
 struct REnv {
   MRB_OBJECT_HEADER;
   mrb_value *stack;
-  struct mrb_context *cxt;
+  struct mrb_context *cxt; /* if not null, it means that the stack is shared with the call frame */
   mrb_sym mid;
 };
 
-/* flags (21bits): 1(close):1(touched):1(heap):8(cioff/bidx):8(stack_len) */
+/* flags (20bits): 1(ZERO):1(separate module):2(visibility):8(cioff/bidx):8(stack_len) */
 #define MRB_ENV_SET_LEN(e,len) ((e)->flags = (((e)->flags & ~0xff)|((unsigned int)(len) & 0xff)))
 #define MRB_ENV_LEN(e) ((mrb_int)((e)->flags & 0xff))
-#define MRB_ENV_CLOSED (1<<20)
-#define MRB_ENV_CLOSE(e) ((e)->flags |= MRB_ENV_CLOSED)
-#define MRB_ENV_ONSTACK_P(e) (((e)->flags & MRB_ENV_CLOSED) == 0)
+#define MRB_ENV_CLOSE(e) ((e)->cxt = NULL)
+#define MRB_ENV_ONSTACK_P(e) ((e)->cxt != NULL)
 #define MRB_ENV_BIDX(e) (((e)->flags >> 8) & 0xff)
 #define MRB_ENV_SET_BIDX(e,idx) ((e)->flags = (((e)->flags & ~(0xff<<8))|((unsigned int)(idx) & 0xff)<<8))
+#define MRB_ENV_SET_VISIBILITY(e, vis) MRB_FLAGS_SET((e)->flags, 16, 2, vis)
+#define MRB_ENV_VISIBILITY(e) MRB_FLAGS_GET((e)->flags, 16, 2)
+#define MRB_ENV_VISIBILITY_BREAK_P(e) MRB_FLAG_CHECK((e)->flags, 18)
+#define MRB_ENV_COPY_FLAGS_FROM_CI(e, ci) MRB_FLAGS_SET((e)->flags, 16, 3, (ci)->vis)
 
 /*
  * Returns TRUE on success.
@@ -102,40 +113,30 @@ MRB_API mrb_value mrb_proc_cfunc_env_get(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_int idx);
 /* old name */
 #define mrb_cfunc_env_get(mrb, idx) mrb_proc_cfunc_env_get(mrb, idx)
 
-#define MRB_METHOD_FUNC_FL 1
-#define MRB_METHOD_NOARG_FL 2
-
-#ifndef MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT
-
-#define MRB_METHOD_FUNC_P(m) (((uintptr_t)(m))&MRB_METHOD_FUNC_FL)
-#define MRB_METHOD_NOARG_P(m) ((((uintptr_t)(m))&MRB_METHOD_NOARG_FL)?1:0)
-#define MRB_METHOD_NOARG_SET(m) ((m)=(mrb_method_t)(((uintptr_t)(m))|MRB_METHOD_NOARG_FL))
-#define MRB_METHOD_FUNC(m) ((mrb_func_t)((uintptr_t)(m)>>2))
-#define MRB_METHOD_FROM_FUNC(m,fn) ((m)=(mrb_method_t)((((uintptr_t)(fn))<<2)|MRB_METHOD_FUNC_FL))
-#define MRB_METHOD_FROM_PROC(m,pr) ((m)=(mrb_method_t)(pr))
-#define MRB_METHOD_PROC_P(m) (!MRB_METHOD_FUNC_P(m))
-#define MRB_METHOD_PROC(m) ((struct RProc*)(m))
-#define MRB_METHOD_UNDEF_P(m) ((m)==0)
-
-#else
+#define MRB_METHOD_FUNC_FL 8
+#define MRB_METHOD_NOARG_FL 4
+#define MRB_METHOD_PUBLIC_FL 0
+#define MRB_METHOD_PRIVATE_FL 1
+#define MRB_METHOD_PROTECTED_FL 2
+#define MRB_METHOD_VDEFAULT_FL 3
+#define MRB_METHOD_VISIBILITY_MASK 3
 
 #define MRB_METHOD_FUNC_P(m) ((m).flags&MRB_METHOD_FUNC_FL)
 #define MRB_METHOD_NOARG_P(m) (((m).flags&MRB_METHOD_NOARG_FL)?1:0)
-#define MRB_METHOD_FUNC(m) ((m).func)
+#define MRB_METHOD_FUNC(m) ((m).as.func)
 #define MRB_METHOD_NOARG_SET(m) do{(m).flags|=MRB_METHOD_NOARG_FL;}while(0)
-#define MRB_METHOD_FROM_FUNC(m,fn) do{(m).flags=MRB_METHOD_FUNC_FL;(m).func=(fn);}while(0)
-#define MRB_METHOD_FROM_PROC(m,pr) do{(m).flags=0;(m).proc=(struct RProc*)(pr);}while(0)
+#define MRB_METHOD_FROM_FUNC(m,fn) do{(m).flags=MRB_METHOD_FUNC_FL;(m).as.func=(fn);}while(0)
+#define MRB_METHOD_FROM_PROC(m,pr) do{(m).flags=0;(m).as.proc=(pr);}while(0)
 #define MRB_METHOD_PROC_P(m) (!MRB_METHOD_FUNC_P(m))
-#define MRB_METHOD_PROC(m) ((m).proc)
-#define MRB_METHOD_UNDEF_P(m) ((m).proc==NULL)
+#define MRB_METHOD_PROC(m) ((m).as.proc)
+#define MRB_METHOD_UNDEF_P(m) ((m).as.proc==NULL)
+#define MRB_METHOD_VISIBILITY(m) ((m).flags & MRB_METHOD_VISIBILITY_MASK)
+#define MRB_SET_VISIBILITY_FLAGS(f,v) ((f)=(((f)&~MRB_METHOD_VISIBILITY_MASK)|(v)))
+#define MRB_METHOD_SET_VISIBILITY(m,v) MRB_SET_VISIBILITY_FLAGS((m).flags,(v))
 
-#endif /* MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT */
-
-#define MRB_METHOD_CFUNC_P(m) (MRB_METHOD_FUNC_P(m)?TRUE:(MRB_METHOD_PROC(m)?(MRB_PROC_CFUNC_P(MRB_METHOD_PROC(m))):FALSE))
-#define MRB_METHOD_CFUNC(m) (MRB_METHOD_FUNC_P(m)?MRB_METHOD_FUNC(m):((MRB_METHOD_PROC(m)&&MRB_PROC_CFUNC_P(MRB_METHOD_PROC(m)))?MRB_PROC_CFUNC(MRB_METHOD_PROC(m)):NULL))
-
-
-#include <mruby/khash.h>
+#define MRB_METHOD_CFUNC_P(m) (MRB_METHOD_FUNC_P(m) || (MRB_METHOD_PROC(m)?(MRB_PROC_CFUNC_P(MRB_METHOD_PROC(m))):FALSE))
+/* use MRB_METHOD_CFUNC(m) only when MRB_METHOD_CFUNC_P(m) is true */
+#define MRB_METHOD_CFUNC(m) (MRB_METHOD_FUNC_P(m)?MRB_METHOD_FUNC(m):MRB_PROC_CFUNC(MRB_METHOD_PROC(m)))
 
 MRB_API mrb_value mrb_load_proc(mrb_state *mrb, const struct RProc *proc);
 

include/mruby/string.h

@@ -38,12 +38,25 @@ struct RStringEmbed {
   char ary[RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX+1];
 };
 
-#define RSTR_SET_TYPE_FLAG(s, type) (RSTR_UNSET_TYPE_FLAG(s), (s)->flags |= MRB_STR_##type)
-#define RSTR_UNSET_TYPE_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags &= ~(MRB_STR_TYPE_MASK|MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_MASK))
+#define RSTR_SET_TYPE(s, type) ((s)->flags = ((s)->flags & ~(MRB_STR_TYPE_MASK|MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_MASK)) | MRB_STR_##type)
+
+#define MRB_STR_NORMAL    0
+#define MRB_STR_SHARED    1
+#define MRB_STR_FSHARED   2
+#define MRB_STR_NOFREE    4
+#define MRB_STR_EMBED     8
+#define MRB_STR_TYPE_MASK 15
+
+#define MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT 6
+#define MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_BITS 5
+#define MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_MASK (((1 << MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_BITS) - 1) << MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT)
+
+#define MRB_STR_BINARY    16
+#define MRB_STR_SINGLE_BYTE 32
+#define MRB_STR_STATE_MASK 48
 
 #define RSTR_EMBED_P(s) ((s)->flags & MRB_STR_EMBED)
 #define RSTR_SET_EMBED_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags |= MRB_STR_EMBED)
-#define RSTR_UNSET_EMBED_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags &= ~(MRB_STR_EMBED|MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_MASK))
 #define RSTR_SET_EMBED_LEN(s, n) do {\
   size_t tmp_n = (n);\
   (s)->flags &= ~MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_MASK;\
@@ -67,30 +80,24 @@ struct RStringEmbed {
 #define RSTR_CAPA(s) (RSTR_EMBED_P(s) ? RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX : (s)->as.heap.aux.capa)
 
 #define RSTR_SHARED_P(s) ((s)->flags & MRB_STR_SHARED)
-#define RSTR_SET_SHARED_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags |= MRB_STR_SHARED)
-#define RSTR_UNSET_SHARED_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags &= ~MRB_STR_SHARED)
-
 #define RSTR_FSHARED_P(s) ((s)->flags & MRB_STR_FSHARED)
-#define RSTR_SET_FSHARED_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags |= MRB_STR_FSHARED)
-#define RSTR_UNSET_FSHARED_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags &= ~MRB_STR_FSHARED)
-
 #define RSTR_NOFREE_P(s) ((s)->flags & MRB_STR_NOFREE)
-#define RSTR_SET_NOFREE_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags |= MRB_STR_NOFREE)
-#define RSTR_UNSET_NOFREE_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags &= ~MRB_STR_NOFREE)
 
 #ifdef MRB_UTF8_STRING
-# define RSTR_ASCII_P(s) ((s)->flags & MRB_STR_ASCII)
-# define RSTR_SET_ASCII_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags |= MRB_STR_ASCII)
-# define RSTR_UNSET_ASCII_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags &= ~MRB_STR_ASCII)
-# define RSTR_WRITE_ASCII_FLAG(s, v) (RSTR_UNSET_ASCII_FLAG(s), (s)->flags |= v)
-# define RSTR_COPY_ASCII_FLAG(dst, src) RSTR_WRITE_ASCII_FLAG(dst, RSTR_ASCII_P(src))
+# define RSTR_SINGLE_BYTE_P(s) ((s)->flags & MRB_STR_SINGLE_BYTE)
+# define RSTR_SET_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags |= MRB_STR_SINGLE_BYTE)
+# define RSTR_UNSET_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(s) ((s)->flags &= ~MRB_STR_SINGLE_BYTE)
+# define RSTR_WRITE_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(s, v) (RSTR_UNSET_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(s), (s)->flags |= v)
+# define RSTR_COPY_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(dst, src) RSTR_WRITE_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(dst, RSTR_SINGLE_BYTE_P(src))
 #else
-# define RSTR_ASCII_P(s) (void)0
-# define RSTR_SET_ASCII_FLAG(s) (void)0
-# define RSTR_UNSET_ASCII_FLAG(s) (void)0
-# define RSTR_WRITE_ASCII_FLAG(s, v) (void)0
-# define RSTR_COPY_ASCII_FLAG(dst, src) (void)0
+# define RSTR_SINGLE_BYTE_P(s) TRUE
+# define RSTR_SET_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(s) (void)0
+# define RSTR_UNSET_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(s) (void)0
+# define RSTR_WRITE_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(s, v) (void)0
+# define RSTR_COPY_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(dst, src) (void)0
 #endif
+#define RSTR_SET_ASCII_FLAG(s) RSTR_SET_SINGLE_BYTE_FLAG(s)
+#define RSTR_BINARY_P(s) ((s)->flags & MRB_STR_BINARY)
 
 /**
  * Returns a pointer from a Ruby string
@@ -104,16 +111,6 @@ struct RStringEmbed {
 #define RSTRING_END(s)       (RSTRING_PTR(s) + RSTRING_LEN(s))
 #define RSTRING_CSTR(mrb,s)  mrb_string_cstr(mrb, s)
 
-#define MRB_STR_SHARED    1
-#define MRB_STR_FSHARED   2
-#define MRB_STR_NOFREE    4
-#define MRB_STR_EMBED     8  /* type flags up to here */
-#define MRB_STR_ASCII    16
-#define MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT 6
-#define MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_BIT 5
-#define MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_MASK (((1 << MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_BIT) - 1) << MRB_STR_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT)
-#define MRB_STR_TYPE_MASK 15
-
 MRB_API void mrb_str_modify(mrb_state *mrb, struct RString *s);
 /* mrb_str_modify() with keeping ASCII flag if set */
 MRB_API void mrb_str_modify_keep_ascii(mrb_state *mrb, struct RString *s);

include/mruby/throw.h

@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@
 # if defined(__cplusplus)
 
 #define MRB_TRY(buf) try {
-#define MRB_CATCH(buf) } catch(mrb_jmpbuf_impl e) { if (e != (buf)->impl) { throw e; }
+#define MRB_CATCH(buf) } catch(mrb_jmpbuf *e) { if (e != (buf)) { throw e; }
 #define MRB_END_EXC(buf)  }
 
-#define MRB_THROW(buf) throw((buf)->impl)
-typedef mrb_int mrb_jmpbuf_impl;
+#define MRB_THROW(buf) throw(buf)
+typedef void *mrb_jmpbuf_impl;
 
 # else
 # error "need to be compiled with C++ compiler"
@@ -50,16 +50,8 @@ typedef mrb_int mrb_jmpbuf_impl;
 
 #endif
 
-#if defined(MRB_USE_CXX_EXCEPTION)
-extern mrb_int mrb_jmpbuf_id;
-#endif
-
 struct mrb_jmpbuf {
   mrb_jmpbuf_impl impl;
-
-#if defined(MRB_USE_CXX_EXCEPTION)
-  mrb_jmpbuf() : impl(mrb_jmpbuf_id++) {}
-#endif
 };
 
 #endif  /* MRB_THROW_H */

include/mruby/value.h

@@ -94,11 +94,14 @@ struct mrb_state;
 # define MRB_PRIx PRIx32
 #endif
 
-#ifdef MRB_ENDIAN_BIG
-# define MRB_ENDIAN_LOHI(a,b) a b
-#else
-# define MRB_ENDIAN_LOHI(a,b) b a
-#endif
+#define MRB_FLAGS_MASK(shift, width)    (~(~0U << (width)) << (shift))
+#define MRB_FLAGS_GET(b, s, w)          (((b) >> (s)) & MRB_FLAGS_MASK(0, w))
+#define MRB_FLAGS_SET(b, s, w, n)       ((b) = MRB_FLAGS_ZERO(b, s, w) | MRB_FLAGS_MAKE(s, w, n))
+#define MRB_FLAGS_ZERO(b, s, w)         ((b) & ~MRB_FLAGS_MASK(s, w))
+#define MRB_FLAGS_MAKE(s, w, n)         (((n) & MRB_FLAGS_MASK(0, w)) << (s))
+#define MRB_FLAG_ON(b, s)               ((b) |= MRB_FLAGS_MASK(s, 1))
+#define MRB_FLAG_OFF(b, s)              ((b) &= ~MRB_FLAGS_MASK(s, 1))
+#define MRB_FLAG_CHECK(b, s)            (!!((b) & MRB_FLAGS_MASK(s, 1)))
 
 MRB_API mrb_bool mrb_read_int(const char *p, const char *e, char **endp, mrb_int *np);
 /* obsolete; do not use mrb_int_read() */
@@ -143,23 +146,24 @@ static const unsigned int IEEE754_INFINITY_BITS_SINGLE = 0x7F800000;
   f(MRB_TT_OBJECT,      struct RObject,     "Object") \
   f(MRB_TT_CLASS,       struct RClass,      "Class") \
   f(MRB_TT_MODULE,      struct RClass,      "Module") \
-  f(MRB_TT_ICLASS,      struct RClass,      "iClass") \
   f(MRB_TT_SCLASS,      struct RClass,      "SClass") \
+  f(MRB_TT_HASH,        struct RHash,       "Hash") \
+  f(MRB_TT_CDATA,       struct RData,       "C data") \
+  f(MRB_TT_EXCEPTION,   struct RException,  "Exception") \
+  f(MRB_TT_ICLASS,      struct RClass,      "iClass") \
   f(MRB_TT_PROC,        struct RProc,       "Proc") \
   f(MRB_TT_ARRAY,       struct RArray,      "Array") \
-  f(MRB_TT_HASH,        struct RHash,       "Hash") \
   f(MRB_TT_STRING,      struct RString,     "String") \
   f(MRB_TT_RANGE,       struct RRange,      "Range") \
-  f(MRB_TT_EXCEPTION,   struct RException,  "Exception") \
   f(MRB_TT_ENV,         struct REnv,        "env") \
-  f(MRB_TT_CDATA,       struct RData,       "C data") \
   f(MRB_TT_FIBER,       struct RFiber,      "Fiber") \
   f(MRB_TT_STRUCT,      struct RArray,      "Struct") \
   f(MRB_TT_ISTRUCT,     struct RIStruct,    "istruct") \
   f(MRB_TT_BREAK,       struct RBreak,      "break") \
   f(MRB_TT_COMPLEX,     struct RComplex,    "Complex") \
   f(MRB_TT_RATIONAL,    struct RRational,   "Rational") \
-  f(MRB_TT_BIGINT,      struct RBigint,     "Integer")
+  f(MRB_TT_BIGINT,      struct RBigint,     "Integer") \
+  f(MRB_TT_BACKTRACE,   struct RBacktrace,  "backtrace")
 
 enum mrb_vtype {
 #define MRB_VTYPE_DEFINE(tt, type, name) tt,
@@ -320,7 +324,8 @@ struct RCptr {
  * Takes a float and boxes it into an mrb_value
  */
 #ifndef MRB_NO_FLOAT
-MRB_INLINE mrb_value mrb_float_value(struct mrb_state *mrb, mrb_float f)
+MRB_INLINE mrb_value
+mrb_float_value(struct mrb_state *mrb, mrb_float f)
 {
   mrb_value v;
   (void) mrb;
@@ -341,14 +346,16 @@ mrb_cptr_value(struct mrb_state *mrb, void *p)
 /**
  * Returns an integer in Ruby.
  */
-MRB_INLINE mrb_value mrb_int_value(struct mrb_state *mrb, mrb_int i)
+MRB_INLINE mrb_value
+mrb_int_value(struct mrb_state *mrb, mrb_int i)
 {
   mrb_value v;
   SET_INT_VALUE(mrb, v, i);
   return v;
 }
 
-MRB_INLINE mrb_value mrb_fixnum_value(mrb_int i)
+MRB_INLINE mrb_value
+mrb_fixnum_value(mrb_int i)
 {
   mrb_value v;
   SET_FIXNUM_VALUE(v, i);
@@ -377,7 +384,8 @@ mrb_obj_value(void *p)
  * @return
  *      nil mrb_value object reference.
  */
-MRB_INLINE mrb_value mrb_nil_value(void)
+MRB_INLINE mrb_value
+mrb_nil_value(void)
 {
   mrb_value v;
   SET_NIL_VALUE(v);
@@ -387,7 +395,8 @@ MRB_INLINE mrb_value mrb_nil_value(void)
 /**
  * Returns false in Ruby.
  */
-MRB_INLINE mrb_value mrb_false_value(void)
+MRB_INLINE mrb_value
+mrb_false_value(void)
 {
   mrb_value v;
   SET_FALSE_VALUE(v);
@@ -397,7 +406,8 @@ MRB_INLINE mrb_value mrb_false_value(void)
 /**
  * Returns true in Ruby.
  */
-MRB_INLINE mrb_value mrb_true_value(void)
+MRB_INLINE mrb_value
+mrb_true_value(void)
 {
   mrb_value v;
   SET_TRUE_VALUE(v);
@@ -445,10 +455,9 @@ mrb_ro_data_p(const char *p)
   struct mach_header *mhp;
 #endif
   mhp = _NSGetMachExecuteHeader();
-  unsigned long textsize, datasize;
+  unsigned long textsize;
   char *text = (char*)getsegmentdata(mhp, SEG_TEXT, &textsize);
-  char *data = (char*)getsegmentdata(mhp, SEG_DATA, &datasize);
-  return text + textsize < p && p < data + datasize;
+  return text <= p && p < text + textsize;
 }
 #endif  /* Linux or macOS */
 #endif  /* MRB_NO_DEFAULT_RO_DATA_P */

include/mruby/version.h

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ MRB_BEGIN_DECL
 /*
  * The version of Ruby used by mruby.
  */
-#define MRUBY_RUBY_VERSION "3.3"
+#define MRUBY_RUBY_VERSION "3.4"
 
 /*
  * Ruby engine.
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ MRB_BEGIN_DECL
 /*
  * Minor release version number.
  */
-#define MRUBY_RELEASE_MINOR 3
+#define MRUBY_RELEASE_MINOR 4
 
 /*
  * Tiny release version number.
@@ -80,17 +80,17 @@ MRB_BEGIN_DECL
 /*
  * Release year.
  */
-#define MRUBY_RELEASE_YEAR 2024
+#define MRUBY_RELEASE_YEAR 2025
 
 /*
  * Release month.
  */
-#define MRUBY_RELEASE_MONTH 2
+#define MRUBY_RELEASE_MONTH 4
 
 /*
  * Release day.
  */
-#define MRUBY_RELEASE_DAY 14
+#define MRUBY_RELEASE_DAY 20
 
 /*
  * Release date as a string.

lib/mruby/build.rb

@@ -75,8 +75,9 @@ module MRuby
 
     include Rake::DSL
     include LoadGems
-    attr_accessor :name, :bins, :exts, :file_separator, :build_dir, :gem_clone_dir, :defines
+    attr_accessor :name, :bins, :exts, :file_separator, :build_dir, :gem_clone_dir, :defines, :libdir_name
     attr_reader :products, :libmruby_core_objs, :libmruby_objs, :gems, :toolchains, :presym, :mrbc_build, :gem_dir_to_repo_url
+    attr_reader :install_excludes
 
     alias libmruby libmruby_objs
 
@@ -101,7 +102,9 @@ module MRuby
         @file_separator = '/'
         @build_dir = "#{build_dir}/#{@name}"
         @gem_clone_dir = "#{build_dir}/repos/#{@name}"
+        @libdir_name = (self.kind_of?(MRuby::CrossBuild) ? nil : ENV["MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME"]) || "lib"
         @install_prefix = nil
+        @install_excludes = []
         @defines = []
         @cc = Command::Compiler.new(self, %w(.c), label: "CC")
         @cxx = Command::Compiler.new(self, %w(.cc .cxx .cpp), label: "CXX")
@@ -134,6 +137,13 @@ module MRuby
         @toolchains = []
         @gem_dir_to_repo_url = {}
 
+        # Add lambda instead of string because libdir_name or lib may be changed by user configuration
+        libmruby_core_name = nil
+        @install_excludes << ->(file) {
+          libmruby_core_name ||= File.join(libdir_name, libfile("libmruby_core"))
+          file == libmruby_core_name
+        }
+
         MRuby.targets[@name] = current = self
       end
 
@@ -490,11 +500,11 @@ EOS
     end
 
     def libmruby_static
-      libfile("#{build_dir}/lib/libmruby")
+      libfile("#{build_dir}/#{libdir_name}/libmruby")
     end
 
     def libmruby_core_static
-      libfile("#{build_dir}/lib/libmruby_core")
+      libfile("#{build_dir}/#{libdir_name}/libmruby_core")
     end
 
     def libraries
@@ -537,7 +547,7 @@ EOS
     attr_writer :presym
 
     def create_mrbc_build
-      exclusions = %i[@name @build_dir @gems @enable_test @enable_bintest @internal]
+      exclusions = %i[@name @build_dir @gems @enable_test @enable_bintest @internal @install_excludes]
       name = "#{@name}/mrbc"
       MRuby.targets.delete(name)
       build = self.class.new(name, internal: true){}

lib/mruby/build/command.rb

@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ module MRuby
 
     def initialize(build)
       super
-      @command = 'bison'
+      @command = "ruby #{MRUBY_ROOT}/tools/lrama/exe/lrama"
       @compile_options = %q[-o "%{outfile}" "%{infile}"]
     end
 
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ module MRuby
     def initialize(build)
       super
       @command = 'gperf'
-      @compile_options = %q[-L ANSI-C -C -p -j1 -i 1 -g -o -t -N mrb_reserved_word -k"1,3,$" "%{infile}" > "%{outfile}"]
+      @compile_options = %q[-L ANSI-C -C -j1 -i 1 -o -t -N mrb_reserved_word -k"1,3,$" "%{infile}" > "%{outfile}"]
     end
 
     def run(outfile, infile)
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ module MRuby
     end
 
     def commit_hash(dir)
-      `#{@command} --git-dir #{shellquote(dir +'/.git')} --work-tree #{shellquote(dir)} rev-parse --verify HEAD`.strip
+      `#{@command} --git-dir #{shellquote(dir + '/.git')} --work-tree #{shellquote(dir)} rev-parse --verify HEAD`.strip
     end
 
     def current_branch(dir)

lib/mruby/build/load_gems.rb

@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ module MRuby
         return false unless prev
 
         # Canonical declarations must precede all others.
-        fail("Attempted to re-declare #{prev.gemname} as canonical!\n" +
+        fail("Attempted to redeclare #{prev.gemname} as canonical!\n" +
              "('canonical' can only be used on its first declaration.)") if
           prev && @canonical
 

lib/mruby/doc.rb

@@ -21,15 +21,16 @@ module MRuby
       diff = ""
 
       spliter = <<~'SPLITER'
-        | Instruction Name   | Operand type   | Semantics                                                  |
-        |--------------------|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
+        | No. | Instruction Name | Operand type | Semantics
+        | --: | ---------------- | ------------ | ---------------
       SPLITER
 
       diff = path_opcode_md.read.sub(/^#{Regexp.escape spliter}.*?(?=\z|^$\n)/m) do
         repl = spliter
 
         ops = path_ops_h.read
-        ops.scan(/^\s*OPCODE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*(?:\/\*\s*(.*?)\s*\*\/\s*)?/).each do |ins, opr, cmt|
+        pat = /^\s*OPCODE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*(?:\/\*\s*(.*?)\s*\*\/\s*)?/
+        ops.scan(pat).each_with_index do |(ins, opr, cmt), no|
           if cmt
             cmt.sub!(/\s*#.*/, "")
             cmt.sub!(/\b(?=L_\w+\b)/, "OP_")
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ module MRuby
             cmt.gsub!(/[\\\|]/) { |m| "\\#{m}" } # Ruby-2.5 is not support "Numbered block parameter"
           end
           spec = opspecs[opr] or raise "unknown operand type: #{opr}"
-          item = format(%(| %-18s | %-14s | %-58s |\n), "`OP_#{ins}`", "`#{spec[:modified] || opr}`", cmt && "`#{cmt}`")
+          item = format("| %3d | %-16s | %-12s | %s\n", no, "`OP_#{ins}`", "`#{spec[:modified] || opr}`", cmt && "`#{cmt}`")
           repl << item
         end
 

lib/mruby/gem.rb

@@ -372,6 +372,7 @@ module MRuby
 
       def each(&b)
         @ary.each(&b)
+        self
       end
 
       def [](name)
@@ -384,6 +385,7 @@ module MRuby
         else
           # GEM was already added to this list
         end
+        self
       end
 
       def empty?
@@ -463,8 +465,8 @@ module MRuby
         table.instance_variable_set :@root_gems, ary
         class << table
           include TSort
-          def tsort_each_node &b
-            @root_gems.each &b
+          def tsort_each_node(&b)
+            @root_gems.each(&b)
           end
 
           def tsort_each_child(n, &b)

lib/mruby/presym.rb

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ module MRuby
     SYMBOL_TO_MACRO = {
     #      Symbol      =>      Macro
     # [prefix, suffix] => [prefix, suffix]
+      ["$"   , ""    ] => ["GV"  , ""    ],
       ["@@"  , ""    ] => ["CV"  , ""    ],
       ["@"   , ""    ] => ["IV"  , ""    ],
       [""    , "!"   ] => [""    , "_B"  ],