Update version to 3.4.0RC2.

We have checked `def (literal).m` style but not `def literal.m` style.
In addition, `NODE_INT` check is newly added.

.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+.DS_Store
+.idea
+.vscode
+.yardoc
+*.bak
+*.iml
+*.ipr
+*.swp
+*.tmp
+bin
+build
+doc/api
+doc/capi
+node_modules

.editorconfig

@@ -8,36 +8,23 @@ root = true
 [*]
 charset = utf-8
 end_of_line = lf
-indent_size = 8
-indent_style = tab
+indent_size = 2
+indent_style = space
 insert_final_newline = true
 tab_width = 8
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true
 
 [{Makefile,Makefile.*,makefile,*.mk}]
-trim_trailing_whitespace = true
+indent_style = tab
 #max_line_length = 80
 
-[*.{c,cc,C,cxx,cpp,h,hh,H,hxx,hpp,inc,y}]
-indent_size = 2
-indent_style = space
-trim_trailing_whitespace = true
+#[*.{c,cc,C,cxx,cpp,h,hh,H,hxx,hpp,inc,y}]
 #max_line_length = 120
 
-[{*.rb,Rakefile,rakefile,*.rake,*.gemspec,*.gembox}]
-indent_size = 2
-indent_style = space
-trim_trailing_whitespace = true
+#[{*.rb,Rakefile,rakefile,*.rake,*.gemspec,*.gembox}]
 #max_line_length = 120
 
+# limitation to US-ASCII
 [*.bat]
-charset = latin1
 end_of_line = crlf
 #max_line_length = 80
-
-[*.{yaml,yml}]
-indent_size = 2
-indent_style = space
-
-[*.md]
-indent_size = 2
-indent_style = space

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -2,3 +2,7 @@
 6fc5dc986a5ffc1a74c63ad0617ea1dcc10d3cdd
 # reformatted doc/opcode.md
 61e8a540869c57ebddac53cf9d243db407d57fff
+# reindent parse.y
+650ffb9d8410e1ae2206890ef6e2a8643c600454
+# reindent build_config/playstationportable.rb
+90ab714fda6825c4e951d47d7e6ecff033dd14e3

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+*       text=auto eol=lf
+*.bat   text eol=crlf
+*.cmd   text eol=crlf
+*.png   binary

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-# Basic set up
-
+# https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/dependabot/dependabot-version-updates
 version: 2
 updates:
-
-  # Maintain dependencies for GitHub Actions
+  - package-ecosystem: "bundler"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"
   - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
     directory: "/"
     schedule:

.github/labeler.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# https://github.com/actions/labeler
+benchmark:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - benchmark/**/*
+build:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - Dockerfile
+              - Doxyfile
+              - Makefile
+              - Rakefile
+              - appveyor.yml
+              - build_config.rb
+              - build_config/**/*
+              - docker-compose.yml
+              - lib/**/*
+              - minirake
+              - tasks/**/*
+              - .dockerignore
+              - .pre-commit-config.yaml
+              - .travis.yml
+              - .yardopts
+core:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - include/**/*
+              - mrblib/**/*
+              - src/**/*
+              - test/**/*
+doc:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - CONTRIBUTING.md
+              - LEGAL
+              - LICENSE
+              - NEWS
+              - README.md
+              - SECURITY.md
+              - TODO.md
+              - doc/**/*
+              - examples/**/*
+github:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - .github/**/*
+miscellaneous:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - .editorconfig
+              - .git-blame-ignore-revs
+              - .gitattributes
+              - .gitignore
+              - AUTHORS
+              - Gemfile
+              - Gemfile.lock
+              - mruby-source.gemspec
+mrbgems:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - mrbgems/**/*
+oss-fuzz:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - oss-fuzz/**/*
+tools:
+  - any:
+      - changed-files:
+          - any-glob-to-any-file:
+              - tools/**/*

.github/linters/.hadolint.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+failure-threshold: info
+ignored:
+  - DL3008 # https://github.com/hadolint/hadolint/wiki/DL3008
+  - DL3013 # https://github.com/hadolint/hadolint/wiki/DL3013

.github/linters/.markdown-lint.yml

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 # https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint#rules--aliases
+# https://github.com/igorshubovych/markdownlint-cli
 # markdownlint -c .github/linters/.markdown-lint.yml .
 
 # MD001 heading-increment/header-increment - Heading levels should only increment by one level at a time
 MD001: false
 
-# MD010 no-hard-tabs - Hard tabs
-MD010: false
-
 # MD013 line-length - Line length
 MD013: false
 
@@ -22,5 +20,14 @@ MD025: false
 # MD026 no-trailing-punctuation - Trailing punctuation in heading
 MD026: false
 
+# MD029/ol-prefix Ordered list item prefix
+MD029: false
+
+# MD033/no-inline-html - Inline HTML
+MD033: false
+
 # MD040 fenced-code-language - Fenced code blocks should have a language specified
 MD040: false
+
+# MD041 first-line-heading/first-line-h1 - First line in a file should be a top-level heading
+MD041: false

.github/linters/.yaml-lint.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 extends: default
 
 rules:
+  comments:
+    min-spaces-from-content: 1
   document-start: disable
   line-length: disable
   truthy: false

.github/linters/codespell.txt

@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 ans
-ba
-creat
+celler
+clen
 delet
 disabl
 filetest
 fo
 hel
-hist
 ist
-methid
 nd
 quitt
 remore
 runn
 sting
-upto
+strin
+wronly

.github/linters/mlc_config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "ignorePatterns": [
+    {
+      "pattern": "^https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/"
+    },
+    {
+      "pattern": "^mailto:"
+    }
+  ]
+}

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -1,155 +1,55 @@
+# https://github.com/actions/runner-images#available-images
 name: Build & Test
 
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
-  Ubuntu-1804-gcc:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+  GCC-CLANG:
+    name: "${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.altname || matrix.cc }}"
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     timeout-minutes: 10
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      max-parallel: 8
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - {os: ubuntu-24.04, cc: gcc, cxx: g++}
+          - {os: ubuntu-24.04, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
+          - {os: ubuntu-22.04, cc: gcc, cxx: g++}
+          - {os: ubuntu-22.04, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
+          - {os: macos-15, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
+          - {os: macos-14, cc: clang, cxx: clang++}
+          - {os: windows-latest, cc: gcc, cxx: g++, altname: "mingw-gcc"}
     env:
       MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
-      CC: gcc
+      CC: ${{ matrix.cc }}
+      CXX: ${{ matrix.cxx }}
+      LD: ${{ matrix.cc }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
+      - name: "Checkout ${{ github.ref }} ( ${{ github.sha }} )"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Ruby version
         run: ruby -v
       - name: Compiler version
         run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
       - name: Build and test
-        run: rake -m test:build && rake test:run
-
-  Ubuntu-1804-clang:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
-    timeout-minutes: 10
-    env:
-      MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
-      CC: clang
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - name: Ruby version
-        run: ruby -v
-      - name: Compiler version
-        run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
-      - name: Build and test
-        run: rake -m test:build && rake test:run
-
-  Ubuntu-2004-gcc:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    timeout-minutes: 10
-    env:
-      MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
-      CC: gcc
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - name: Ruby version
-        run: ruby -v
-      - name: Compiler version
-        run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
-      - name: Build and test
-        run: rake -m test:build && rake test:run
-
-  Ubuntu-2004-clang:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    timeout-minutes: 10
-    env:
-      MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
-      CC: clang
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - name: Ruby version
-        run: ruby -v
-      - name: Compiler version
-        run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
-      - name: Build and test
-        run: rake -m test:build && rake test:run
-
-  macOS:
-    runs-on: macos-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 10
-    env:
-      MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
-      CC: clang
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - name: Ruby version
-        run: ruby -v
-      - name: Compiler version
-        run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
-      - name: Build and test
-        run: rake -m test:build && rake test:run
-
-  Windows-MinGW:
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 10
-    env:
-      MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
-      CC: gcc
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - name: Ruby version
-        run: ruby -v
-      - name: Compiler version
-        run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
-      - name: Build and test
-        run: rake -m test:build && rake test:run
-
-  Windows-Cygwin:
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 15
-    env:
-      ACTIONS_ALLOW_UNSECURE_COMMANDS: true
-      MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
-      CC: gcc
-      installer-path: '%TMP%\cygwin-setup.exe'
-      cygwin-root: C:\cygwin
-      package-dir: C:\cygwin-package
-      cache-version: v1
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - uses: actions/cache@v2.1.7
-        with:
-          path: ${{ env.package-dir }}
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-cygwin-${{ env.cache-version }}
-      - name: Download Cygwin installer
-        shell: cmd
-        run: >
-          bitsadmin /transfer download /priority foreground
-          https://cygwin.com/setup-x86_64.exe ${{ env.installer-path }}
-      - name: Install Cygwin
-        shell: cmd
-        run: >
-          ${{ env.installer-path }}
-          --quiet-mode --no-shortcuts --no-startmenu --no-desktop --no-admin
-          --only-site --site http://mirrors.kernel.org/sourceware/cygwin/
-          --root ${{ env.cygwin-root }}
-          --local-package-dir ${{ env.package-dir }}
-          --packages gcc-core,gcc-g++,ruby
-      - name: Set PATH for Cygwin
-        run: |
-          echo '::set-env name=PATH::${{ env.cygwin-root }}\bin;${{ env.cygwin-root }}\usr\bin'
-      - name: Ruby version
-        shell: cmd
-        run: ruby -v
-      - name: Compiler version
-        run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
-      - name: Build and test
-        shell: cmd
-        run: ruby /usr/bin/rake -m test:build && ruby /usr/bin/rake test:run
-      - name: Set PATH for cache archiving (tar)
-        # set Windows path so that Cygwin tar is not used for cache archiving
-        run: echo '::set-env name=PATH::C:\windows\System32'
+        run: rake -m test:run:serial
 
   Windows-VC:
-    runs-on: windows-latest
+    runs-on: windows-2022
     timeout-minutes: 10
     env:
       MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/msvc
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
+      - name: "Checkout ${{ github.ref }} ( ${{ github.sha }} )"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Ruby version
         run: ruby -v
       - name: Build and test
         shell: cmd
         run: |
-          call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
-          rake -m test:build && rake test:run
+          call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
+          rake -m test:run:serial

.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-name: "Code scanning - action"
-
-on:
-  push:
-  pull_request:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '0 19 * * 4'
-
-jobs:
-  CodeQL-Build:
-
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-        with:
-          # We must fetch at least the immediate parents so that if this is
-          # a pull request then we can checkout the head.
-          fetch-depth: 2
-
-      # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
-      - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v1
-        # Override language selection by uncommenting this and choosing your languages
-        # with:
-        #   languages: go, javascript, csharp, python, cpp, java
-
-      # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
-      # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
-      - name: Autobuild
-        uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v1
-
-      # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
-      # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
-
-      # ✏️ If the Autobuild fails above, remove it and uncomment the following three lines
-      #    and modify them (or add more) to build your code if your project
-      #    uses a compiled language
-
-      # - run: |
-      #    make bootstrap
-      #    make release
-
-      - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v1

.github/workflows/coverage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+name: Coverage
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  coverage:
+    name: Coverage
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    env:
+      MRUBY_CONFIG: ci/gcc-clang
+      CC: clang-18
+      CXX: clang++-18
+      LD: clang-18
+      CFLAGS: -O0 -g --coverage
+      CXXFLAGS: -O0 -g --coverage
+      LDFLAGS: --coverage
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout ${{ github.ref }} ( ${{ github.sha }} )"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Ruby version
+        run: ruby -v
+      - name: Compiler version
+        run: ${{ env.CC }} --version
+      - name: Build and test
+        run: rake test
+      - name: Install gcovr
+        run: pip install gcovr
+      - name: Generate coverage report
+        run: |
+          {
+            echo "# Coverage report"
+            echo \`\`\`
+            gcovr --gcov-executable "llvm-cov-18 gcov" -e ".*_test.c" -e ".*/test/.*" -s --html-details -o coverage/ build
+            echo \`\`\`
+          } > "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+      - name: Upload coverage report
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: coverage-${{ github.sha }}
+          path: coverage/
+          retention-days: 3

.github/workflows/labeler.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# https://github.com/actions/labeler
+name: Pull Request Labeler
+on:
+  - pull_request_target
+jobs:
+  triage:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      pull-requests: write
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/labeler@v5
+        with:
+          repo-token: "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
+          sync-labels: true

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -1,30 +1,25 @@
+# https://pre-commit.com/
 name: Lint
 
 on: [pull_request]
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
-  misspell:
-    name: Check spelling with misspell
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Check Out
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - name: Install
-        run: wget -O - -q https://git.io/misspell | sh -s -- -b .
-      - name: Misspell
-        run: git ls-files --empty-directory | xargs ./misspell -error
   pre-commit:
     name: Run pre-commit
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - name: Check merge conflict
+      - name: "Checkout ${{ github.ref }} ( ${{ github.sha }} )"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install
         run: |
           python -m pip install --upgrade pip
           pip install pre-commit
       - name: Set PY
-        run: echo "PY=$(python -VV | sha256sum | cut -d' ' -f1)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - uses: actions/cache@v2.1.7
+        run: echo "PY=$(python -VV | sha256sum | cut -d' ' -f1)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/pre-commit
           key: pre-commit|${{ env.PY }}|${{ hashFiles('.pre-commit-config.yaml') }}

.github/workflows/oss-fuzz.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
+# https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz
 name: CIFuzz
 on: [pull_request]
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   Fuzzing:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -7,16 +11,16 @@ jobs:
       - name: Build Fuzzers
         uses: google/oss-fuzz/infra/cifuzz/actions/build_fuzzers@master
         with:
-          oss-fuzz-project-name: 'mruby'
+          oss-fuzz-project-name: "mruby"
           dry-run: false
       - name: Run Fuzzers
         uses: google/oss-fuzz/infra/cifuzz/actions/run_fuzzers@master
         with:
-          oss-fuzz-project-name: 'mruby'
+          oss-fuzz-project-name: "mruby"
           fuzz-seconds: 600
           dry-run: false
       - name: Upload Crash
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2.3.1
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         if: failure()
         with:
           name: artifacts

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+name: Release Builds
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - "*.*.*"
+
+permissions: read-all
+
+jobs:
+  source:
+    name: Source Code Releasing
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'mruby/mruby' }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout ${{ github.ref_name }} ( ${{ github.sha }} )"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Builds
+        id: builds
+        run: |
+          tagname="$GITHUB_REF_NAME"
+          packagename="mruby-$tagname"
+          destdir=packages
+
+          mkdir -p "$destdir"
+          git archive --format zip --prefix "$packagename/" -o "$destdir/$packagename.zip" "$GITHUB_REF"
+          git archive --format tar.gz --prefix "$packagename/" -o "$destdir/$packagename.tar.gz" "$GITHUB_REF"
+          gunzip -c "$destdir/$packagename.tar.gz" | xz > "$destdir/$packagename.tar.xz"
+
+          (
+            cd "$destdir" || exit
+            sha256sum -- * > .sha256
+            mv .sha256 "$packagename.sha256"
+          )
+      - name: Release
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
+        with:
+          draft: true
+          prerelease: ${{ contains(github.ref_name, '-rc') }}
+          body_path: NEWS
+          files: packages/*

.github/workflows/super-linter.yml

@@ -1,23 +1,31 @@
-name: Super Linter
+# https://github.com/super-linter/super-linter
+name: Super-Linter
 
-on:
-  push:
-    branches-ignore: [master]
-    # Remove the line above to run when pushing to master
-  pull_request:
-    branches: [master]
+on: [pull_request]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
 
 jobs:
   build:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read # for actions/checkout to fetch code
+      statuses: write # for super-linter/super-linter/slim to mark status of each linter run
     name: Lint Code Base
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - uses: github/super-linter@v4.8.5
+      - name: "Checkout ${{ github.ref }} ( ${{ github.sha }} )"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          # Full git history is needed to get a proper list of changed files within `super-linter`
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Lint Code Base
+        uses: super-linter/super-linter/slim@v7.3.0
         env:
-          ERROR_ON_MISSING_EXEC_BIT: true
-          VALIDATE_BASH: true
           # VALIDATE_BASH_EXEC: true
+          VALIDATE_DOCKERFILE_HADOLINT: true
           # VALIDATE_EDITORCONFIG: true
           # VALIDATE_SHELL_SHFMT: true
+          DEFAULT_BRANCH: master
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          VALIDATE_ALL_CODEBASE: true

.gitignore

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-*.lock
 *.bak
 *.bc
 *.d
 *.i
+*.lock
 *.o
 *.orig
 *.pdb
@@ -13,25 +13,28 @@
 *.tmp
 *~
 .DS_Store
+.cache
+.ccls*
 .ccmalloc
+.git
 .svn
 .vscode
 .yardoc
-.ccls*
-compile_flags.txt
+benchmark/**/*.dat
+benchmark/*.pdf
+benchmark/*.png
+bin
+build
+doc/api
+doc/capi
 compile_commands.json
+compile_flags.txt
 cscope.files
 cscope.out
+gmon.out
+mruby-source-*.gem
+node_modules
+perf.data*
 tags
-
-/.git
-/bin
-/build
-/mruby-source-*.gem
-
-/benchmark/**/*.dat
-/benchmark/*.pdf
-/benchmark/*.png
-
-/doc/api
-/doc/capi
+!Gemfile.lock
+y.tab.c

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,58 +1,124 @@
 ---
-default_stages: [commit, push]
+# https://pre-commit.com/
+default_stages: [pre-commit, pre-push]
 default_language_version:
   # force all unspecified Python hooks to run python3
   python: python3
-minimum_pre_commit_version: "1.20.0"
+  node: 22.2.0
+minimum_pre_commit_version: "3.2.0"
 repos:
   - repo: meta
     hooks:
       - id: identity
+        name: run identity check
       - id: check-hooks-apply
+        name: check hooks apply to the repository
+  - repo: local
+    hooks:
+      - id: prettier
+        name: run prettier
+        description: format files with prettier
+        entry: prettier --write .
+        files: \.(json|md|ya?ml)$
+        language: node
+        additional_dependencies: ["prettier@3.3.3"]
+  - repo: https://github.com/gitleaks/gitleaks
+    rev: v8.24.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: gitleaks
+        name: detect hardcoded secrets
+  - repo: https://github.com/shssoichiro/oxipng
+    rev: v9.1.4
+    hooks:
+      - id: oxipng
+        name: run oxipng
+        args: ["-o", "4", "--strip", "safe", "--alpha"]
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v4.1.0
+    rev: v5.0.0
     hooks:
       - id: check-added-large-files
       - id: check-case-conflict
       - id: check-executables-have-shebangs
         exclude: ^test/t/lang\.rb$
+      - id: check-illegal-windows-names
+      - id: pretty-format-json
+        args: [--autofix, --no-sort-keys]
+      - id: check-json
       - id: check-merge-conflict
+      - id: check-shebang-scripts-are-executable
       - id: check-vcs-permalinks
       - id: check-yaml
+      - id: destroyed-symlinks
+      - id: detect-aws-credentials
+        args: [--allow-missing-credentials]
       - id: detect-private-key
       - id: end-of-file-fixer
       - id: file-contents-sorter
-        files: ^codespell\.txt$
+        args: [--unique]
+        files: ^\.github/linters/codespell\.txt$
       - id: fix-byte-order-marker
+      - id: forbid-submodules
       - id: mixed-line-ending
       - id: trailing-whitespace
-  # - repo: git://github.com/Lucas-C/pre-commit-hooks
-  #  rev: v1.1.9
-  #  hooks:
-  #    - id: forbid-tabs
-  #    - id: remove-tabs
+  - repo: https://github.com/Lucas-C/pre-commit-hooks
+    rev: v1.5.5
+    hooks:
+      - id: forbid-tabs
+        name: no-tabs checker
+        exclude: Makefile$
+      - id: remove-tabs
+        name: tabs remover
+        args: [--whitespaces-count, "2"]
+        exclude: Makefile$
+  - repo: https://github.com/rhysd/actionlint
+    rev: v1.7.7
+    hooks:
+      - id: actionlint
+        name: run actionlint
+        description: lint GitHub Actions workflow files
   - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-    rev: v2.1.0
+    rev: v2.4.1
     hooks:
       - id: codespell
-        name: Run codespell
+        name: run codespell
         description: Check spelling with codespell
-        entry: codespell --ignore-words=codespell.txt
+        args: [--ignore-words=.github/linters/codespell.txt]
+  - repo: https://github.com/jumanjihouse/pre-commit-hooks
+    rev: 3.0.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: script-must-not-have-extension
+        name: run script-must-not-have-extension
+        description: local policy is to exclude extension from all shell files
+        types: [shell]
   - repo: https://github.com/igorshubovych/markdownlint-cli
-    rev: v0.30.0
+    rev: v0.44.0
     hooks:
       - id: markdownlint
-        name: Run markdownlint
+        name: run markdownlint
         description: Checks the style of Markdown files
-        entry: markdownlint -c .github/linters/.markdown-lint.yml .
+        args: [--config=.github/linters/.markdown-lint.yml]
         types: [markdown]
-        files: \.(md|mdown|markdown)$
+        files: \.md$
+  - repo: https://github.com/tcort/markdown-link-check
+    rev: v3.13.7
+    hooks:
+      - id: markdown-link-check
+        name: run markdown-link-check
+        description: Checks hyperlinks in Markdown files
+        args: [--config=.github/linters/mlc_config.json, -q]
+        types: [markdown]
+        files: \.md$
+  - repo: https://github.com/shellcheck-py/shellcheck-py
+    rev: v0.10.0.1
+    hooks:
+      - id: shellcheck
+        name: run shellcheck
   - repo: https://github.com/adrienverge/yamllint
-    rev: v1.26.3
+    rev: v1.36.0
     hooks:
       - id: yamllint
-        name: Run yamllint
+        name: run yamllint
         description: Check YAML files with yamllint
-        entry: yamllint --strict -c .github/linters/.yaml-lint.yml
+        args: [--strict, -c=.github/linters/.yaml-lint.yml]
         types: [yaml]
-        files: \.(yaml|yml)$
+        files: \.ya?ml$

.prettierignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Ignore artifacts:
+build
+coverage
+doc/internal/opcode.md

.prettierrc

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "bracketSpacing": false
+}

.travis.yml

@@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ env:
   - MRUBY_CONFIG=ci/gcc-clang
 
 script:
-  - rake -m test:build && rake test:run
+  - rake -m test:run:serial

.yardopts

@@ -11,7 +11,13 @@ mrbgems/*/src/**/*.c
 mrbgems/*/mrblib/**/*.rb
 mrbgems/*/include/**/*.h
 -
-AUTHORS
-LICENSE
 CONTRIBUTING.md
+SECURITY.md
+TODO.md
+doc/*.md
 doc/guides/*.md
+doc/internal/*.md
+AUTHORS
+LEGAL
+LICENSE
+NEWS

AUTHORS

@@ -1,89 +1,93 @@
 # Authors of mruby (mruby developers)
 
-## The List of Contributors sorted by number of commits (as of 2022-01-10 69b1667)
+## The List of Contributors sorted by number of commits (as of 2025-03-01 8ba2ed6)
 
-   7956 Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto (@matz)*
-    586 KOBAYASHI Shuji (@shuujii)
-    376 Daniel Bovensiepen (@bovi)
-    346 Takeshi Watanabe (@take-cheeze)*
-    342 dearblue (@dearblue)*
-    334 Masaki Muranaka (@monaka)
-    298 Tomoyuki Sahara (@tsahara)*
+   6083 Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto (@matz)*
+    673 dearblue (@dearblue)*
+    587 KOBAYASHI Shuji (@shuujii)
+    353 Daniel Bovensiepen (@bovi)*
+    345 Takeshi Watanabe (@take-cheeze)*
+    333 Masaki Muranaka (@monaka)
     234 Jun Hiroe (@suzukaze)
-    219 Cremno (@cremno)*
-    208 Yuki Kurihara (@ksss)+
-    148 Yasuhiro Matsumoto (@mattn)*
+    228 Tomoyuki Sahara (@tsahara)*
+    220 Cremno (@cremno)*
+    219 John Bampton (@jbampton)
+    209 Yuki Kurihara (@ksss)+
+    144 Yasuhiro Matsumoto (@mattn)*
     113 Carson McDonald (@carsonmcdonald)
-    103 Tomasz Dąbrowski (@dabroz)*
-     84 skandhas (@skandhas)
+    104 Tomasz Pędraszewski (@dabroz)*
+     83 Akira Yumiyama (@akiray03)*
+     83 skandhas (@skandhas)
      80 Masamitsu MURASE (@masamitsu-murase)
-     74 Yuichiro MASUI (@masuidrive)
      71 Tatsuhiko Kubo (@cubicdaiya)*
-     68 Hiroshi Mimaki (@mimaki)*
-     63 Akira Yumiyama (@akiray03)*
-     62 Paolo Bosetti (@pbosetti)*
+     71 Yuichiro MASUI (@masuidrive)
+     69 Hiroshi Mimaki (@mimaki)*
+     62 Yuichiro Kaneko (@yui-knk)+
      59 Kurebayashi, Takahiro (@crimsonwoods)*
      56 h2so5 (@h2so5)
      52 Ralph Desir (@Mav7)*
-     49 John Bampton (@jbampton)
+     48 Paolo Bosetti (@pbosetti)*
      45 Rory O'Connell (@RoryO)*
-     43 Yuichiro Kaneko (@yui-knk)+
      42 fleuria (@flaneur2020)
      40 Christopher Aue (@christopheraue)
      40 Seba Gamboa (@sagmor)
+     39 Kouhei Sutou (@kou)*
      38 Koji Yoshioka (@kyab)*+
-     38 Kouhei Sutou (@kou)*
+     32 Masayoshi Takahashi (@takahashim)+
      31 MATSUMOTO Ryosuke (@matsumotory)*
      30 Nobuyoshi Nakada (@nobu)
-     28 Masayoshi Takahashi (@takahashim)+
-     24 Julian Aron Prenner (@furunkel)*
-     24 Ryan Scott (@ryan-scott-dev)*
+     26 Hoshiumi Arata (@hoshiumiarata)*
+     25 Julian Aron Prenner (@furunkel)*
      22 Clayton Smith (@clayton-shopify)
+     22 Uchio Kondo (@udzura)*
      22 Zachary Scott (@zzak)*
-     22 mirichi (@mirichi)
-     21 Jared Breeden (@jbreeden)*
-     20 Uchio Kondo (@udzura)*
+     21 Ryan Lopopolo (@lopopolo)
+     20 Ryan Scott (@ryan-scott-dev)*
      19 Bouke van der Bijl (@bouk)
-     19 Felix Jones (@felixjones)*
-     19 Hidetaka Takano (@TJ-Hidetaka-Takano)
+     19 Jared Breeden (@jbreeden)*
      19 go kikuta (@gkta)*
      18 Corey Powell (@IceDragon200)
+     18 Hidetaka Takano (@TJ-Hidetaka-Takano)
      18 Jon Maken (@jonforums)+
-     18 Mitchell Blank Jr (@mitchblank)*
-     17 Ryan Lopopolo (@lopopolo)
+     18 mirichi (@mirichi)
+     17 Mitchell Blank Jr (@mitchblank)*
      16 bggd (@bggd)
      16 kano4 (@kano4)
+     15 Felix Jones (@felixjones)*
      14 Blaž Hrastnik (@archseer)*
-     14 Jose Narvaez (@goyox86)
      14 Kazuki Tsujimoto (@k-tsj)
      14 Tadashi FUKUZAWA (@FUKUZAWA-Tadashi)+
+     14 fn ⌃ ⌥ (@FnControlOption)
+     14 leviongit (@leviongit)
+     13 Jose Narvaez (@goyox86)
      13 Patrick Hogan (@pbhogan)
      12 Akira Kuroda (@akuroda)
      12 Kouki Ooyatsu (kaishuu0123)*
      12 NAKAMURA Usaku (@unak)*
-     12 RIZAL Reckordp (@Reckordp)+
+     12 Ray Chason (@chasonr)*
      12 Takashi Sawanaka (@sdottaka)*
      12 Ukrainskiy Sergey (@ukrainskiysergey)
      12 Xuejie "Rafael" Xiao (@xxuejie)*
      11 Julien Ammous (@schmurfy)
+     11 Kazuho Oku (@kazuho)
+     11 RIZAL Reckordp (@Reckordp)+
      11 Seeker (@SeekingMeaning)
-     11 YAMAMOTO Masaya (pandax381)
      11 takkaw (@takkaw)
-     10 Kazuho Oku (@kazuho)
      10 Miura Hideki (@miura1729)
      10 Narihiro Nakamura (@authorNari)
-     10 Ray Chason (@chasonr)*
+     10 YAMAMOTO Masaya (pandax381)
      10 Yuichi Nishiwaki (@nyuichi)
       9 Akira Mitsui (@murasesyuka)*
       9 Frank Celler (@fceller)
       9 Tatsuya Matsumoto (@tmash06)*
       8 Takashi Sogabe (@sogabe)
+      8 Wataru Ashihara (@wataash)*
       7 Bhargava Shastry (@bshastry)*
       7 Kouichi Nakanishi (@keizo042)
       7 Rubyist (@expeditiousRubyist)
+      7 SiZiOUS (@sizious)
       7 Simon Génier (@simon-shopify)
       7 Terence Lee (@hone)
-      7 Wataru Ashihara (@wataash)*
       7 roco (@rystyle)*
       6 Akito Mochizuki (@ak-mochi)
       6 Beoran (@beoran)
@@ -95,24 +99,31 @@
       6 Kenji Okimoto (@okkez)+
       6 Selman ULUG (@selman)
       6 Yusuke Endoh (@mame)*
+      6 masahino (@masahino)
+      5 Chris Reuter (@suetanvil)
       5 Davide D'Agostino (@DAddYE)
       5 Eric Hodel (@drbrain)
       5 Hendrik (@Asmod4n)
       5 Ichito Nagata (@i110)
       5 Keita Obo (@ktaobo)*
       5 Max Anselm (@silverhammermba)
-      5 SiZiOUS (@sizious)
+      5 Rodrigo Malizia (@rmalizia44)+
       5 Syohei YOSHIDA (@syohex)
       5 TOMITA Masahiro (@tmtm)
       5 Yurie Yamane (@yurie)+
       5 dreamedge (@dreamedge)
       5 nkshigeru (@nkshigeru)
+      5 vickash (@vickash)
+      5 xuejianqing (@joans321)
       4 Dante Catalfamo (@dantecatalfamo)
       4 Goro Kikuchi (@gorogit)
+      4 HASUMI Hitoshi (@hasumikin)
       4 Herwin Weststrate (@herwinw)
+      4 Horimoto Yasuhiro (@komainu8)
       4 Jon Moss (@maclover7)
       4 Ken Muramatsu (@ken-mu)+
       4 Kohei Suzuki (@eagletmt)
+      4 Lanza (@LanzaSchneider)
       4 Li Yazhou (@flaneur2020)
       4 Marcus Stollsteimer (@stomar)
       4 NARUSE, Yui (@nurse)
@@ -121,26 +132,27 @@
       4 Yuhei Okazaki (@Yuuhei-Okazaki)*
       4 Yuji Yamano (@yyamano)
       4 kurodash (@kurodash)*
-      4 masahino (@masahino)
       4 wanabe (@wanabe)*
-      4 xuejianqing (@joans321)
       3 Anton Davydov (@davydovanton)
+      3 Aurora Nockert (@auroranockert)
       3 Carlo Prelz (@asfluido)*
+      3 Daniel K. Sierpiński (@513ry)+
       3 David Turnbull (@AE9RB)
       3 Franck Verrot (@franckverrot)
-      3 Horimoto Yasuhiro (@komainu8)
       3 J. Mutua (@katmutua)+
       3 Jan Berdajs (@mrbrdo)
+      3 Jonas Minnberg (@sasq64)
       3 Joseph McCullough (@joequery)
+      3 Mark Delk (@jethrodaniel)
       3 Mark McCurry (@fundamental)
       3 Nobuhiro Iwamatsu (@iwamatsu)
       3 Per Lundberg (@perlun)*
       3 Rob Fors (@robfors)*
-      3 Rodrigo Malizia (@rmalizia44)+
+      3 Robert Rowe (@CaptainJet)
       3 Sebastián Katzer (@katzer)*
-      3 Shouji Kuboyama (@Shokuji)*
       3 Shuta Kimura (@kimushu)+
       3 TERAJIMA, Motoyuki (@trmmy)
+      3 Taichi AOKI (@aoki1980taichi)
       3 Takashi Kokubun (@k0kubun)
       3 Tatsuhiro Tsujikawa (@tatsuhiro-t)
       3 Thiago Scalone (@scalone)
@@ -148,6 +160,7 @@
       3 William Light (@wrl)
       3 bamchoh (@bamchoh)
       3 sasaki takeru (@takeru)
+      3 windwiny (@windwiny)
       2 Akira Moroo (@retrage)
       2 Artur K (@nemerle)
       2 Christian Mauceri (@mauceri)
@@ -158,7 +171,6 @@
       2 Francois Chagnon (@EiNSTeiN-)*
       2 Gilad Zohari (@gzohari)
       2 Go Saito (@govm)
-      2 HASUMI Hitoshi (@hasumikin)
       2 Hirohito Higashi (@HirohitoHigashi)
       2 Hiroyuki Iwatsuki (@iwadon)
       2 Huei-Horng Yo (@hiroshiyui)
@@ -168,7 +180,6 @@
       2 Kazuhiko Yamashita (@pyama86)+
       2 Kazuhiro Sera (@seratch)
       2 Kuroda Daisuke (@dycoon)+
-      2 Lanza (@LanzaSchneider)
       2 Lothar Scholz (@llothar)
       2 Lukas Joeressen (@kext)
       2 Masahiro Wakame (@vvkame)+
@@ -178,33 +189,38 @@
       2 Russel Hunter Yukawa (@rhykw)+
       2 Ryunosuke SATO (@tricknotes)
       2 Santa Zhang (@santazhang)
-      2 Satoru Naba (@snaba)+
       2 Serg Podtynnyi (@shtirlic)
       2 Shannen Saez (@shancat)
+      2 Shouji Kuboyama (@Shokuji)*
       2 SouthWolf (@southwolf)
       2 TJ Singleton (@tjsingleton)
       2 Taiyo Mizuhashi (@taiyoslime)+
       2 Tomás Pollak (@tomas)*
       2 Yutaka HARA (@yhara)*+
       2 Zhang Xiaohui (@hifoolno)
+      2 buty4649 (@buty4649)
       2 icm7216 (@icm7216)
-      2 windwiny (@windwiny)
       1 A-Sat (@asatou)+
       1 Abinoam Praxedes Marques Junior (@abinoam)
       1 Alex Wang (@nanamiwang)+
+      1 AlexDenisov (@AlexDenisov)
       1 Andrew Nordman (@cadwallion)
+      1 Ashish Kurmi (@boahc077)
       1 Atsushi Morimoto (@mynz)
       1 Ben A Morgan (@BenMorganIO)
       1 Benoit Daloze (@eregon)
-      1 Chris Reuter (@suetanvil)
+      1 Colin MacKenzie IV (@sinisterchipmunk)
       1 Daehyub Kim (@lateau)
       1 Daniel Varga (@vargad)
+      1 Diamond Rivero (@diamant3)
       1 Edgar Boda-Majer (@eboda)
       1 Fangrui Song (@MaskRay)
       1 Flavio Medeiros (@flaviommedeiros)
       1 Francis Bogsanyi (@fbogsany)
       1 Guo Xiao (@guoxiao)
       1 Gwen Boatrite (@boatrit)
+      1 Gwendolyn Boatrite (@boatrite)
+      1 HARADA Makoto (@haramako)
       1 HAYASHI Kentaro (@kenhys)
       1 Hiroki Mori (@yamori813)+
       1 Hiromasa Ishii (@Hir0)+
@@ -225,6 +241,7 @@
       1 Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA (@znz)
       1 Kei Sawada (@remore)
       1 Kim H Madsen (@kimhmadsen)
+      1 Koichi ITO (@koic)
       1 Konstantin Haase (@rkh)
       1 Leo Neat (@Leo-Neat)
       1 Lian Cheng (@liancheng)
@@ -232,10 +249,11 @@
       1 Lukas Elmer (@lukaselmer)
       1 Lukas Stabe (@Ahti)
       1 M.Naruoka (@fenrir-naru)
-      1 Mark Delk (@jethrodaniel)
+      1 Marcelo Juchem (@juchem)
       1 Martin Bosslet (@emboss)+
       1 Masahiko Sawada (@MasahikoSawada)
       1 Matt Aimonetti (@mattetti)
+      1 Max Base (@MaxFork)
       1 Maxim Abramchuk (@MaximAbramchuck)
       1 Megumi Tomita (@tomykaira)+
       1 Mitchell Hashimoto (@mitchellh)
@@ -247,19 +265,25 @@
       1 Patrick Ellis (@pje)
       1 Patrick Pokatilo (@SHyx0rmZ)
       1 Pavel Evstigneev (@Paxa)+
+      1 Pete Kinnecom (@petekinnecom)
       1 Prayag Verma (@pra85)
       1 Ranmocy (@ranmocy)
       1 Robert McNally (@wolfmcnally)
-      1 Robert Rowe (@CaptainJet)
       1 Ryan Scott Lewis (@RyanScottLewis)
       1 Ryo Okubo (@syucream)
+      1 SAkira a.k.a. Akira Suzuki (@sakisakira)
       1 Santiago Rodriguez (@sanrodari)
       1 Satoh, Hiroh (@cho45)+
+      1 Satoru Naba (@snaba)+
       1 Sayed Abdelhaleem (@visualsayed)
+      1 Sergey Ukrainskiy (@ukrainskiysergey)
       1 Shugo Maeda (@shugo)
+      1 Sinkevich Artem (@ArtSin)
       1 Sorah Fukumori (@sorah)
+      1 Stephen Jothen (@sjothen)
       1 Stuart Hinson (@stuarth)
       1 Takuma Kume (@takumakume)+
+      1 Takuya ASADA (@syuu1228)
       1 Thomas Schmidt (@digitaltom)
       1 Timo Schilling (@timoschilling)
       1 Tom Black (@blacktm)
@@ -270,10 +294,12 @@
       1 Yevhen Viktorov (@yevgenko)
       1 Yoji SHIDARA (@darashi)
       1 Yoshiori SHOJI (@yoshiori)
+      1 Yuji Yokoo (@yujiyokoo)
       1 Yukang (@chenyukang)
       1 Yurii Nakonechnyi (@inobelar)
       1 Yusuke Suzuki (@Constellation)+
       1 Yusuke Tanaka (@csouls)
+      1 alpha.netzilla (@alpha-netzilla)
       1 arton (@arton)
       1 duangsuse (@duangsuse)
       1 fl0l0u (@fl0l0u)
@@ -283,6 +309,7 @@
       1 liyuray (@liyuray)
       1 lucas dicioccio (@lucasdicioccio)
       1 n4o847 (@n4o847)
+      1 niyarin (@niyarin)
       1 robert (@R-obert)
       1 sbsoftware (@sbsoftware)
       1 ssmallkirby (@smallkirby)

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ Contributors agree to license their contribution(s) under MIT license.
 To make it easy to review and understand your change please keep the following
 things in mind before submitting your pull request:
 
-* Work on the latest possible state of **mruby/master**
-* Create a branch which is dedicated to your change
-* Test your changes before creating a pull request (`rake test`)
-* If possible write a test case which confirms your change
-* Don't mix several features or bug-fixes in one pull request
-* Create a meaningful commit message
-* Explain your change (i.e. with a link to the issue you are fixing)
-* Use mrbgem to provide non ISO features (classes, modules and methods) unless
+- Work on the latest possible state of **mruby/master**
+- Create a branch which is dedicated to your change
+- Test your changes before creating a pull request (`rake test`)
+- If possible write a test case which confirms your change
+- Don't mix several features or bug-fixes in one pull request
+- Create a meaningful commit message
+- Explain your change (i.e. with a link to the issue you are fixing)
+- Use mrbgem to provide non ISO features (classes, modules and methods) unless
   you have a special reason to implement them in the core
 
 ## pre-commit
@@ -26,32 +26,101 @@ A framework for managing and maintaining multi-language `pre-commit` hooks.
 You need to first install `pre-commit` and then install the `pre-commit` hooks with `pre-commit install`.
 Now `pre-commit` will run automatically on git commit!
 
-It's usually a good idea to run the hooks against all the files when adding new hooks (usually `pre-commit` will only run on the changed files during git hooks).
-Use `pre-commit run --all-files` to check all files.
+It's usually a good idea to run the hooks against all the files when adding new hooks (usually `pre-commit`
+will only run on the changed files during git hooks). Use `pre-commit run --all-files` to check all files.
 
 To run a single hook use `pre-commit run --all-files <hook_id>`
 
 To update use `pre-commit autoupdate`
 
-* [Quick start](https://pre-commit.com/#quick-start)
-* [Usage](https://pre-commit.com/#usage)
-* [pre-commit-autoupdate](https://pre-commit.com/#pre-commit-autoupdate)
+Sometimes you might need to skip one or more hooks which can be done with the `SKIP` environment variable.
+
+`$ SKIP=yamllint git commit -m "foo"`
+
+For convenience, we have added `pre-commit run --all-files`, `pre-commit install` and `pre-commit autoupdate`
+to both the Makefile and the Rakefile. Run them with:
+
+- `make check` or `rake check`
+- `make checkinstall` or `rake checkinstall`
+- `make checkupdate` or `rake checkupdate`
+
+To configure `pre-commit` you can modify the config file [.pre-commit-config.yaml](.pre-commit-config.yaml).
+We use [GitHub Actions](.github/workflows/lint.yml) to run `pre-commit` on every pull request.
+
+### pre-commit quick links
+
+- [Quick start](https://pre-commit.com/#quick-start)
+- [Usage](https://pre-commit.com/#usage)
+- [pre-commit autoupdate](https://pre-commit.com/#pre-commit-autoupdate)
+- [Temporarily disabling hooks](https://pre-commit.com/#temporarily-disabling-hooks)
+
+## Docker
+
+We have both a `Dockerfile` and `docker-compose.yml` files in the repository root.
+You can run these with the command line or use
+[Docker Desktop](https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop/).
+
+The Docker image is running Debian bullseye with Ruby and Python installed.
+You can build the Docker image with:
+
+`$ docker-compose build test`
+
+So far we just have one service: `test`. Running the default `docker-compose`
+command will create the Docker image, spin up a container and then build and
+run all mruby tests.
+
+The default `docker-compose` command is:
+
+`$ docker-compose -p mruby run test`
+
+You can also use Make or Rake to run the default `docker-compose`
+command from above:
+
+- `make composetest`
+- `rake composetest`
+
+List your Docker images with:
+
+```console
+$ docker images
+REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
+mruby-test   latest    ec60f9536948   29 seconds ago   1.29GB
+```
+
+You can also run any custom `docker-compose` command which will override
+the default. For example to run `pre-commit run --all-files` type:
+
+`$ docker-compose -p mruby run test pre-commit run --all-files`
+
+For convenience, you can also run `pre-commit` with:
+
+- `make composecheck`
+- `rake composecheck`
+
+The bonus of running `pre-commit` with `docker-compose` is that you won't need
+to install `pre-commit` and the hooks on your local machine. And that also
+means you won't need to install `brew`, `conda` or `pip`.
+
+Note limitation: currently running `pre-commit` with `docker-compose` we
+skip the `check-executables-have-shebangs` hook.
+
+Two more examples of custom `docker-compose` commands are:
+
+- `$ docker-compose -p mruby run test ls`
+- `$ docker-compose -p mruby run test rake doc:api`
+
+If you want to test using a different `docker-compose` YAML config file you
+can use the `-f` flag:
+
+`$ docker-compose -p mruby -f docker-compose.test.yml run test`
+
+- <https://docs.docker.com/compose/>
+- <https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/cli/>
 
 ## Spell Checking
 
-We are running [misspell](https://github.com/client9/misspell) which is mainly written in
-[Golang](https://golang.org/) to check spelling with [GitHub Actions](.github/workflows/lint.yml).
-Correct commonly misspelled English words quickly with `misspell`. You can run `misspell` locally
-against all files with:
-
-```bash
-find . -type f | xargs ./misspell -error
-```
-
-Notable `misspell` help options or flags are:
-
-* `-i` string: ignore the following corrections, comma separated
-* `-w`: Overwrite file with corrections (default is just to display)
+We are using `pre-commit` to run [codespell](https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell)
+to check code for common misspellings. We have a small custom dictionary file [codespell.txt](.github/linters/codespell.txt).
 
 ## Coding conventions
 
@@ -101,3 +170,16 @@ language itself. Please note the following hints for your Ruby code:
 mruby is currently targeting to execute Ruby code which complies to ISO/IEC
 30170:2012 (<https://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=59579>),
 unless there's a clear reason, e.g. the latest Ruby has changed behavior from ISO.
+
+## Building documentation
+
+### mruby API
+
+- [YARD](https://yardoc.org/) - YARD is a documentation generation tool for the Ruby programming language
+- [yard-mruby](https://rubygems.org/gems/yard-mruby) - Document mruby sources with YARD
+- [yard-coderay](https://rubygems.org/gems/yard-coderay) - Adds coderay syntax highlighting to YARD docs
+
+### C API
+
+- [Doxygen](https://www.doxygen.nl/) - Generate documentation from source code
+- [Graphviz](https://graphviz.org/) - Graphviz is open source graph visualization software

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+FROM ruby:3.2.2-bullseye
+
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y python3-pip shellcheck \
+    && apt-get clean \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY Gemfile Gemfile.lock .pre-commit-config.yaml ./
+
+RUN bundle install && pip3 install --no-cache-dir pre-commit && git init . && pre-commit install-hooks
+
+COPY . .

Gemfile

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
+gem 'rake'
+gem 'yard'
+gem 'yard-coderay'
+gem 'yard-mruby'

Gemfile.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+GEM
+  remote: https://rubygems.org/
+  specs:
+    coderay (1.1.3)
+    rake (13.2.1)
+    yard (0.9.37)
+    yard-coderay (0.1.0)
+      coderay
+      yard
+    yard-mruby (0.3.0)
+      yard (~> 0.9.0)
+
+PLATFORMS
+  ruby
+  x86_64-darwin-21
+  x86_64-linux
+
+DEPENDENCIES
+  rake
+  yard
+  yard-coderay
+  yard-mruby
+
+BUNDLED WITH
+   2.4.10

LEGAL

@@ -3,3 +3,60 @@ LEGAL NOTICE INFORMATION
 
 All the files in this distribution are covered under the MIT license
 (see the file LICENSE) except some files mentioned below:
+
+- src/string.c (memsearch_swar): 2 clause BSD license code by Wojciech Muła (@WojciechMula)
+- src/fmt_fp.c: public domain by Dave Hylands (@dhylands)
+- mrbgems/mruby-dir/src/Win/dirent.c: MIT-like license by Kevlin Henney
+
+[src/string.c]
+The implementation of mrb_memsearch_ss() is taken from
+https://github.com/WojciechMula/sse4-strstr.git
+
+Copyright (c) 2008-2016, Wojciech Muła
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
+IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+[src/fmt_fp.c]
+
+The code in this function was inspired from Fred Bayer's pdouble.c.
+Since pdouble.c was released as Public Domain, I'm releasing this
+code as public domain as well.
+
+Dave Hylands
+
+The original code can be found in https://github.com/dhylands/format-float
+
+[mrbgems/mruby-dir/src/Win/dirent.c] used only for Windows platform
+
+Copyright Kevlin Henney, 1997, 2003, 2012. All rights reserved.
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
+documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided
+that this copyright and permissions notice appear in all copies and
+derivatives.
+
+This software is supplied "as is" without express or implied warranty.
+
+But that said, if there are any problems please get in touch.

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2010-2021 mruby developers
+Copyright (c) 2010- mruby developers
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),

Makefile

@@ -1,15 +1,56 @@
 # mruby is using Rake (https://ruby.github.io/rake/) as a build tool.
 
 RAKE = rake
+DOCKER_COMPOSE = docker-compose
+PRE_COMMIT = pre-commit
 
-all :
+define check_command
+	@command -v $(1) >/dev/null 2>&1 || { \
+		echo "Error: $(1) is not installed or not in PATH."; \
+		exit 1; \
+	}
+endef
+
+all : check_rake
 	$(RAKE)
 .PHONY : all
 
-test : all
+test : check_rake all
 	$(RAKE) test
 .PHONY : test
 
-clean :
+clean : check_rake
 	$(RAKE) clean
 .PHONY : clean
+
+check : check_pre_commit
+	$(PRE_COMMIT) run --all-files
+.PHONY : check
+
+checkinstall : check_pre_commit
+	$(PRE_COMMIT) install
+.PHONY : checkinstall
+
+checkupdate : check_pre_commit
+	$(PRE_COMMIT) autoupdate
+.PHONY : checkupdate
+
+composecheck : check_docker_compose check_pre_commit
+	$(DOCKER_COMPOSE) -p mruby run test $(PRE_COMMIT) run --all-files
+.PHONY : composecheck
+
+composetest : check_docker_compose
+	$(DOCKER_COMPOSE) -p mruby run test
+.PHONY : composetest
+
+check_rake:
+	$(call check_command, $(RAKE))
+.PHONY : check_rake
+
+check_docker_compose:
+	$(call check_command, $(DOCKER_COMPOSE))
+.PHONY : check_docker_compose
+
+check_pre_commit:
+	$(call check_command, $(PRE_COMMIT))
+.PHONY : check_pre_commit

NEWS

@@ -1,11 +1,189 @@
-* NEWS
+NEWS
+----
 
-This document is a list of user visible feature changes made between
-releases except for bug fixes.
+# User visible changes in `mruby3.3` from `mruby3.2`
 
-Note that each entry is kept so brief that no reason behind or
-reference information is supplied with.  For a full list of changes
-with all sufficient information, see the ChangeLog file.
+"**_NOTE_**:" are changes to be aware of.
 
+# The language
 
-** Information about first release v1.0.0
+- aliases work properly with `super` ([2ad3f0e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/2ad3f0e))
+- `callee` method work differently with aliases in mruby ([f2dc76e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/f2dc76e))
+- define `Kernel#respond_to_missing?` method ([347586e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/347586e))
+- `_inspect` method (`inspect` with recursive check) is removed
+  ([e2bbf75](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e2bbf75), [5cb0c74](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/5cb0c74), [113565a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/113565a),
+  [0713f2a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0713f2a), [6ae6b63](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/6ae6b63), [fc9fffc](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/fc9fffc))
+- `__printstr__` method is removed; use `print` instead
+  ([acecee0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/acecee0), [192e6e3](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/192e6e3))
+- New method `String#bytesplice` ([5274647](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/5274647), [a2e2e83](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a2e2e83))
+- Allow `return` in blocks to cross C boundaries ([#6125](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6125))
+
+# Configuration
+
+- mruby can be built using Docker now. Try `docker-compose build` for example. ([#5961](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5961))
+- New Platform: DJGPP (MS-DOS) ([#6022](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6022))
+- New Platform: Nintendo Wii ([#6086](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6086))
+- Improved Platform: Android ([#6013](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6013))
+- Improved Platform: Dreamcast ([#6130](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6130))
+- Allow tests to be disabled for specific gems; warn about disabled tests ([#6012](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6012))
+- Replace `MRB_NO_DIRECT_THREADING` with `MRB_USE_VM_SWITCH_DISPATCH` ([#5902](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5902))
+
+# mruby memory API
+
+- `mrb_default_allocf` can be overridden by the application ([34c5d96](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/34c5d96))
+- `mrb_open_allocf` will be deprecated ([cfee5c2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/cfee5c2))
+
+# Changes in C API
+
+- add new error handling API functions ([8c8bbd9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/8c8bbd9))
+- Add `mrb_vm_ci_env_clear()` function with `MRB_API` ([#5945](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5945))
+- a new function `mrb_check_frozen_value()` ([ccdf75c](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/ccdf75c))
+- avoid formatting in `mrb_bug()` ([82a48bd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/82a48bd)) <br>
+  **_NOTE_**: If you are using it, you must give a simple string or replace it with a call to `mrb_raise()` series.
+- stop using `mrbc_` prefix for compiler context ([c5e3cbe](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/c5e3cbe)) <br>
+  The same names are provided as before, but we recommend replacing them.
+- Allow `Class#allocate` to be prohibited
+  ([#5979](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5979), [#6122](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6122), [#6123](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6123)) <br>
+  To disable `#allocate`, use `MRB_UNDEF_ALLOCATOR()`.
+  This is also automatically applied when the subclass is created, but to explicitly allow it, use `MRB_DEFINE_ALLOCATOR()`.
+
+# Changes in mrbgems
+
+- **default.gembox**: Add mruby debugger mrdb (`mruby-bin-debugger`) ([#5966](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5966))
+- **mruby-bin-config**: new options `--cxx`, `--cxxflags`, `--as`, `--asflags`, `--objc`, `--objcflags` ([#6054](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6054))
+- **mruby-binding**: renamed from `mruby-binding-core` of mruby3.2 ([11af5db](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/11af5db)) <br>
+  **_NOTE_**: If using `mruby-binding-core` of mruby 3.2, replace it with `mruby-binding`.
+- **mruby-binding**: implemented `Binding#initialize_copy` method ([#5517](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5517))
+- **mruby-binding**: `Kernel#binding` responds only to calls from Ruby ([#5981](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5981))
+- **mruby-compar-ext**: Comparable#clamp to accept nil as arguments ([836bebc](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/836bebc))
+- **mruby-compiler**: add print name for identifier tokens ([d7b2e3a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/d7b2e3a))
+- **mruby-data**: allow empty Data ([927a9df](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/927a9df))
+- **mruby-enumerator**: remove internal attribute methods `obj`, `args`, `kwd`, `meth`, `fib`. ([735fa24](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/735fa24))
+- **mruby-enumerator**: add Enumerator#size ([861f8bd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/861f8bd))
+- **mruby-eval**: merged `mruby-binding` of mruby3.2 ([501b22a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/501b22a), [#5989](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5989)) <br>
+  **_NOTE_**: If using `mruby-binding` of mruby 3.2, replace it with `mruby-eval`.
+- **mruby-fiber**: Add a new `mrb_fiber_new()` with `MRB_API` ([#6097](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6097))
+- **mruby-fiber**: Allows calling `Fiber#resume` from C ([#6106](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6106))
+- **mruby-fiber**: `Fiber#to_s` format changed ([#6105](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6105))
+- **mruby-io**: add File#atime and File#ctime ([321cfe9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/321cfe9))
+- **mruby-io**: Add "x" mode option for `IO.open` ([#6081](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6081))
+- **mruby-io**: File.new should not take blocks ([53de964](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/53de964))
+- **mruby-method**: `Method#to_s` format changed ([f5bc82f](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/f5bc82f), [02f189c](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/02f189c))
+- **mruby-numeric-ext**: `int.pow(n,m)` to take bigint as exponential ([d482eab](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/d482eab))
+- **mruby-pack**: support new directives `j`, `J`, `b`, `B`, `#`
+  ([2a1e3a5](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/2a1e3a5), [e7021f1](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e7021f1), [e17f325](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e17f325))
+- **mruby-range-ext**: new method `Range#overlap?` ([384d0e2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/384d0e2))
+- **mruby-string-ext**: Add `String#valid_encoding?` method ([eabe2d9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/eabe2d9))
+- **mruby-struct**: allow empty Struct when a name is not given ([c212ede](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/c212ede))
+- **mruby-time**: should allow year before 1900 ([e5de08b](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e5de08b))
+- **mruby-time**: support bigint to time_t if necessary ([7096d27](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/7096d27))
+- **mruby-time**: need to handle negative time_t ([b064d7e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b064d7e))
+
+# Changes in build system
+
+- Extended `rake install` task ([#5928](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5928)) <br>
+  **_NOTE_**: Due to this impact, executable files in the `mruby/bin/` directory by default are now symbolic links (batch files on Windows).
+  If previously relied on those executables, should be replaced with direct references to the entity created under the build directory (e.g. `mruby/build/host/bin/`).
+- Encode and decode escape characters for presym ([#6011](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6011))
+- Rakefile: remove default build target directories in `deep_clean` ([#6032](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6032), [1e38569](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/1e38569))
+
+# Other breaking changes
+
+- `mrb_f_raise()` is now an internal function
+  ([#5923](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5923), [#6070](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6070))
+- `mrb_make_exception()` is now an internal function with different parameters
+  ([431f83e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/431f83e), [78137f3](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/78137f3))
+- The `File#path` method no longer uses the `#to_path` method for implicit conversion
+  ([d86c4a7](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/d86c4a7))
+- stop mrb isolation for each test file ([a20fbe5](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a20fbe5))
+- RBreak remembers the CI location ([#6103](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6103))
+
+# Bugs Fixed
+
+- [#5724](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5724) Rational#\*\* is missing
+- [#5725](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5725) weird const_missing exceptions in mrblib code
+- [#5789](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5789) No memory release of backtrace information due to stack error
+- [#5932](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5932) How to create a block using the C API? mrb_yield keeps crashing!
+- [#5943](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5943) TCPSocket#write is failed
+- [#5944](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5944) Behavior of calling method with a hash variable
+- [#5946](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5946) Don't switch constant search path from modules to Object
+- [#5949](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5949) Caller appears to report wrong line when block passed and brackets omitted
+- [0906cd7](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0906cd7) numeric.c: fix rounding function issues with big numbers
+- [#5974](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5974) Invalid escape sequences in gem_init.c on windows
+- [#5975](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5975) Equals comparison fails on extreme ends of 64-bit integers
+- [#5985](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5985) Sign extension with OP_LOADI32 in get_int_operand()
+- [#5986](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5986) Fix bugs in String#bytesplice
+- [#5987](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5987) ~(-1 << 64) is incorrect
+- [#5991](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5991) 'gets' method not working in mruby-3.2.0
+- [#5994](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5994) fix typo in mrbgems/mruby-io/src/io.c
+- [#5995](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5995) One seemingly unnecessary parameter is passed in the block parameters
+- [#6008](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6008) Make "bintest" independent of directory
+- [b47c8b7](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b47c8b7) gc.c (clear_all_old): fix a generational GC bug
+- [#6029](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6029) mruby build fails under mrbgems directory
+- [a264965](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a264965) mruby-os-memsize/memsize.c: fix irep size calculation
+- [3310e10](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/3310e10) mruby-test/mrbgem.rake: fix mrb_state handling bug
+- [#6041](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6041) GC Performance may have degraded
+- [#6044](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6044) Generated presym/table.h contains invalid characters
+- [#6051](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6051) Null pointer dereference in mrb_addrinfo_unix_path
+- [#6052](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6052) Null pointer dereference while handling the Proc class
+- [#6055](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6055) Fix libmruby name for VisualC++
+- [#6060](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6060) SEGFAULT Issue Related to Fiber Usage in ngx_mruby Development
+- [#6061](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6061) Performance issue in String#codepoints
+- [#6064](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6064) MRUBY_PACKAGE_DIR does not always have a value.
+- [#6065](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6065) Null pointer dereference while handling the Proc class
+- [#6066](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6066) Null pointer dereference involving Struct.new()
+- [#6067](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6067) Null pointer dereference in mrb_string_value_cstr
+- [#6068](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6068) Stack overflow in mrb_vm_exec
+- [#6076](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6076) Fixed unwinding block that could point to invalid PC
+- [#6084](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6084) Incorrect symbolic sinks in binary built on Linux
+- [#6087](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6087) 'Remote branch HEAD not found in upstream origin' error on build
+- [#6089](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6089) binding.eval() handles def expressions differently from CRuby
+- [#6098](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6098) Fails to call superclass of wrapped method
+- [#6099](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6099) `ensure` section is not executed if the function exits via a return in a proc
+- [#6108](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6108) VM crashes with break
+- [#6118](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6118) Fixed IO#read with buf
+- [#6120](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6120) Set EBADF if check_file_descriptor() fails
+- [#6126](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6126) Fixed return value of `OP_RETURN_BLK` called directly under C function
+- [#6134](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6134) String#unpack1 returns an array instead of a single string
+- [#6136](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6136) Fixed when combined `mrb_fiber_resume()` and `Fiber#transfer`
+
+# Pull Requests (User Visible Ones)
+
+- [#5517](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5517) Fixed local variables not separated between copied binding objects
+- [#5902](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5902) Replace `MRB_NO_DIRECT_THREADING` with `MRB_USE_VM_SWITCH_DISPATCH`
+- [#5923](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5923) Demotion `mrb_f_raise()` from `MRB_API`
+- [#5928](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5928) Improved `rake install`
+- [#5945](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5945) Avoid exposure for `REnv` objects
+- [#5946](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5946) Don't switch constant search path from modules to Object
+- [#5966](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5966) Update default.gembox add mruby debugger mrdb
+- [#5979](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5979) Allow Class#allocate to be prohibited
+- [#5981](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5981) `Kernel#binding` responds only to calls from Ruby
+- [#5989](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5989) Integrate mruby-binding-eval into mruby-eval
+- [#5961](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5961) Add Docker to build and run all mruby tests. Run pre-commit and generate YARD docs with Docker
+- [#5994](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5994) fix typo in mrbgems/mruby-io/src/io.c
+- [#6008](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6008) Make "bintest" independent of directory
+- [#6009](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6009) Avoid adding <MRUBY_ROOT>/bintest which does not exist
+- [#6011](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6011) Encode and decode escape characters for presym
+- [#6012](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6012) Allow tests to be disabled for specific gems; warn about disabled tests
+- [#6013](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6013) Fix Android toolchain
+- [#6022](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6022) Build configuration for MS-DOS and DJGPP
+- [#6032](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6032) Rake: update task clean to remove bin and build folders
+- [#6045](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6045) Fixes escape sequence bug and enhancements in Presym scanning
+- [#6054](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6054) Extends `bin/mruby-config`
+- [#6055](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6055) Fix libmruby name for VisualC++
+- [#6070](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6070) Demotion mrb_f_raise() in kernel.c from MRB_API too
+- [#6076](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6076) Fixed unwinding block that could point to invalid PC
+- [#6081](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6081) Add "x" mode option for IO.open
+- [#6086](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6086) Add build config for Nintendo Wii
+- [#6097](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6097) Add a new mrb_fiber_new() with MRB_API
+- [#6103](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6103) RBreak remembers the CI location
+- [#6105](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6105) Implement `Fiber#to_s` method
+- [#6106](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6106) Ease fiber limitations
+- [#6118](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6118) Fixed IO#read with buf
+- [#6120](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6120) Set EBADF if check_file_descriptor() fails
+- [#6122](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6122) Prohibit `Class#allocate` in a different way
+- [#6123](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6123) Inherit `MRB_FL_UNDEF_ALLOCATE` in subclasses
+- [#6125](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6125) Allow `OP_RETURN_BLK` to cross C boundaries
+- [#6126](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6126) Fixed return value of `OP_RETURN_BLK` called directly under C function
+- [#6130](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6130) `dreamcast_shelf build config`: complete overhaul
+- [#6136](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6136) Fixed when combined `mrb_fiber_resume()` and `Fiber#transfer`

README.md

@@ -1,41 +1,53 @@
-# mruby
-
-[![Build Status][build-status-img]][travis-ci]
-[![GitHub Super-Linter](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/workflows/Lint%20Code%20Base/badge.svg)](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/super-linter)
+<div align="center">
+  <p>
+    <a href="https://mruby.org/">
+      <img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1796512?s=200&v=4"
+        alt="The mruby programming language" title="mruby">
+    </a>
+  </p>
+  <h1>mruby</h1>
+  <a href="https://github.com/marketplace/actions/super-linter">
+    <img src="https://github.com/mruby/mruby/actions/workflows/super-linter.yml/badge.svg"
+      alt="GitHub Super-Linter">
+  </a>
+</div>
 
 ## What is mruby
 
 mruby is the lightweight implementation of the Ruby language complying to (part
-of) the [ISO standard][ISO-standard]. Its syntax is Ruby 2.x compatible.
+of) the [ISO standard][ISO-standard] with more recent features provided by Ruby 3.x.
+Also, its syntax is Ruby 3.x compatible except for pattern matching.
 
-mruby can be linked and embedded within your application.  We provide the
-interpreter program "mruby", and the interactive mruby shell "mirb" as examples.
-You can also compile Ruby programs into compiled byte code using the mruby
-compiler "mrbc".  All those tools reside in the "bin" directory.  "mrbc" is
-also able to generate compiled byte code in a C source file, see the "mrbtest"
-program under the "test" directory for an example.
+You can link and embed mruby within your application. The "mruby" interpreter
+program and the interactive "mirb" shell are provided as examples. You can also
+compile Ruby programs into compiled byte code using the "mrbc" compiler. All
+these tools are located in the "bin" directory. "mrbc" can also generate
+compiled byte code in a C source file. See the "mrbtest" program under the
+"test" directory for an example.
 
 This achievement was sponsored by the Regional Innovation Creation R&D Programs
 of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan.
 
 ## How to get mruby
 
-The release candidate version 3.1.0 of mruby can be downloaded via the following URL: [https://github.com/mruby/mruby/archive/3.1.0-rc.zip](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/archive/3.1.0-rc.zip)
+To get mruby, you can download the stable version 3.3.0 from the official mruby
+GitHub repository or clone the trunk of the mruby source tree with the "git
+clone" command. You can also install and compile mruby using [ruby-install](https://github.com/postmodern/ruby-install), [ruby-build](https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build) or [rvm](https://github.com/rvm/rvm).
+
+The release candidate version 3.4.0 of mruby can be downloaded via the following URL: [https://github.com/mruby/mruby/archive/3.4.0-rc2.zip](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/archive/3.4.0-rc2.zip)
 
 The latest development version of mruby can be downloaded via the following URL: [https://github.com/mruby/mruby/zipball/master](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/zipball/master)
 
 The trunk of the mruby source tree can be checked out with the
 following command:
 
-```
+```console
 $ git clone https://github.com/mruby/mruby.git
 ```
 
-You can also install and compile mruby using [ruby-install](https://github.com/postmodern/ruby-install), [ruby-build](https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build) or [rvm](https://github.com/rvm/rvm).
+## mruby homepage
 
-## mruby home-page
-
-The URL of the mruby home-page is: <https://mruby.org>.
+The URL of the mruby homepage is: <https://mruby.org>.
 
 ## Mailing list
 
@@ -43,31 +55,61 @@ We don't have a mailing list, but you can use [GitHub issues](https://github.com
 
 ## How to compile, test, and install (mruby and gems)
 
-See the [compile.md](doc/guides/compile.md) file.
+For the simplest case, type
+
+```console
+rake all test
+```
+
+See the [compile.md](doc/guides/compile.md) file for the detail.
 
 ## Building documentation
 
-There are two sets of documentation in mruby: the mruby API (generated by yard) and C API (Doxygen)
+There are two sets of documentation in mruby: the mruby API (generated by YARD) and C API (Doxygen and Graphviz)
 
 To build both of them, simply go
 
-```
+```console
 rake doc
 ```
 
 You can also view them in your browser
 
-```
+```console
 rake view_api
 rake view_capi
 ```
 
 ## How to customize mruby (mrbgems)
 
-mruby contains a package manager called *mrbgems*. To create extensions
-in C and/or Ruby you should create a *GEM*. For a documentation of how to
-use mrbgems consult the file [mrbgems.md](doc/guides/mrbgems.md).
-For example code of how to use mrbgems look into the folder *examples/mrbgems/*.
+mruby contains a package manager called "mrbgems" that you can use to create
+extensions in C and/or Ruby. For a guide on how to use mrbgems, consult the
+[mrbgems.md](doc/guides/mrbgems.md) file, and for example code, refer to the
+[examples/mrbgems/](examples/mrbgems) folder.
+
+## Index of Document
+
+<!--
+    This section is generated by `rake doc:update-index`.
+    All manual changes will get lost.
+-->
+
+<!-- BEGIN OF MRUBY DOCUMENT INDEX -->
+
+- [About the Limitations of mruby](doc/limitations.md)
+- [About the Compile](doc/guides/compile.md)
+- [About the Debugger with the `mrdb` Command](doc/guides/debugger.md)
+- [About GC Arena](doc/guides/gc-arena-howto.md)
+- [About the mruby directory structure](doc/guides/hier.md)
+- [About Linking with `libmruby`](doc/guides/link.md)
+- [About Memory Allocator Customization](doc/guides/memory.md)
+- [About Build-time Configurations](doc/guides/mrbconf.md)
+- [About the Build-time Library Manager](doc/guides/mrbgems.md)
+- [About the Symbols](doc/guides/symbol.md)
+- [Internal Implementation / About Value Boxing](doc/internal/boxing.md)
+- [Internal Implementation / About mruby Virtual Machine Instructions](doc/internal/opcode.md)
+
+<!-- END OF MRUBY DOCUMENT INDEX -->
 
 ## License
 
@@ -79,7 +121,7 @@ mruby has chosen a MIT License due to its permissive license allowing
 developers to target various environments such as embedded systems.
 However, the license requires the display of the copyright notice and license
 information in manuals for instance. Doing so for big projects can be
-complicated or troublesome.  This is why mruby has decided to display "mruby
+complicated or troublesome. This is why mruby has decided to display "mruby
 developers" as the copyright name to make it simple conventionally.
 In the future, mruby might ask you to distribute your new code
 (that you will commit,) under the MIT License as a member of
@@ -92,11 +134,8 @@ Please ask us if you want to distribute your code under another license.
 
 ## How to Contribute
 
-See the [contribution guidelines][contribution-guidelines], and then send a pull
-request to <https://github.com/mruby/mruby>.  We consider you have granted
-non-exclusive right to your contributed code under MIT license.
+To contribute to mruby, please refer to the [contribution guidelines][contribution-guidelines] and send a pull request to the [mruby GitHub repository](https://github.com/mruby/mruby).
+By contributing, you grant non-exclusive rights to your code under the MIT License.
 
 [ISO-standard]: https://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=59579
-[build-status-img]: https://travis-ci.org/mruby/mruby.svg?branch=master
-[contribution-guidelines]: https://github.com/mruby/mruby/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
-[travis-ci]: https://travis-ci.org/mruby/mruby
+[contribution-guidelines]: CONTRIBUTING.md

Rakefile

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# encoding: utf-8
 # Build description.
 # basic build file for mruby
 MRUBY_ROOT = File.dirname(File.expand_path(__FILE__))
@@ -32,6 +31,7 @@ load "#{MRUBY_ROOT}/tasks/presym.rake"
 load "#{MRUBY_ROOT}/tasks/test.rake"
 load "#{MRUBY_ROOT}/tasks/benchmark.rake"
 load "#{MRUBY_ROOT}/tasks/doc.rake"
+load "#{MRUBY_ROOT}/tasks/install.rake"
 
 ##############################
 # generic build targets, rules
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ task :clean do
     rm_rf build.build_dir
     rm_f build.products
   end
-  puts "Cleaned up target build folder"
+  puts "Cleaned up target build directory"
 end
 
 desc "clean everything!"
@@ -65,5 +65,32 @@ task :deep_clean => %w[clean doc:clean] do
   MRuby.each_target do |build|
     rm_rf build.gem_clone_dir
   end
-  puts "Cleaned up mrbgems build folder"
+  rm_rf "#{MRUBY_ROOT}/bin"
+  rm_rf "#{MRUBY_ROOT}/build"
+  puts "Cleaned up mrbgems build directory"
+end
+
+desc "run all pre-commit hooks against all files"
+task :check do
+  sh "pre-commit run --all-files"
+end
+
+desc "install the pre-commit hooks"
+task :checkinstall do
+  sh "pre-commit install"
+end
+
+desc "check the pre-commit hooks for updates"
+task :checkupdate do
+  sh "pre-commit autoupdate"
+end
+
+desc "run all pre-commit hooks against all files with docker-compose"
+task :composecheck do
+  sh "docker-compose -p mruby run test pre-commit run --all-files"
+end
+
+desc "build and run all mruby tests with docker-compose"
+task :composetest do
+  sh "docker-compose -p mruby run test"
 end

SECURITY.md

@@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ If you have any security concern, contact <matz@ruby.or.jp>.
 
 ## Scope
 
-We consider following issues as vulnerabilities:
+We consider the following issues as vulnerabilities:
 
-* Remote code execution
-* Crash caused by a valid Ruby script
+- Remote code execution
+- Crash caused by a valid Ruby script
 
-We *don't* consider following issues as vulnerabilities:
+We _don't_ consider the following issues as vulnerabilities:
 
-* Runtime C undefined behavior (including integer overflow)
-* Crash caused by misused API
-* Crash caused by tweaked compiled binary
+- Runtime C undefined behavior (including integer overflow)
+- Crash caused by misused API
+- Crash caused by modified compiled binary
+- ASAN/Valgrind warning for too big memory allocation
+  mruby assumes `malloc(3)` returns `NULL` for too big allocations

TODO.md

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
-# Thing to Do in the future
+# Things to Do in the future
 
 # After mruby 3.1
 
-* multi-precision integer
-* parser and code generator independent from `mrb_state` (picoruby?)
-* variable sized AST node
-* iv/hash entry cache
-* more peephole optimization (if possible)
+- parser and code generator independent from `mrb_state` (picoruby?)
+- variable sized AST node
+- iv/hash entry cache
+- more peephole optimization (if possible)
 
 # Things to do (Things we need to consider)
 
-* `begin ... end while cond` to behave as CRuby
-* special variables ($1,$2..)
+- `begin ... end while cond` to behave as CRuby
+- special variables ($1,$2..)

appveyor.yml

@@ -4,42 +4,44 @@ shallow_clone: true
 
 environment:
   matrix:
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2019 64bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2022 64-bit
+      visualcpp: C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat
+      appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2022
+
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2019 64-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2019
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2019 32bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2019 32-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars32.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2019
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2017 64bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2017 64-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2017
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2017 32bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2017 32-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars32.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2017
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2015 64bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2015 64-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2015
       machine: x86_amd64
 
-    - job_name: Visual Studio 2015 32bit
+    - job_name: Visual Studio 2015 32-bit
       visualcpp: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat
       appveyor_build_worker_image: Visual Studio 2015
       machine: x86
 
 init:
   - call "%visualcpp%" %machine%
-  # For using RubyInstaller's Ruby 2.6 64bit
+  # For using RubyInstaller's Ruby 2.6 64-bit
   # 2.6 is the highest supported Ruby version across all historical
   # Visual Studio AppVeyor images. Ruby 2.7 is only on the 2019 image.
   - set PATH=C:\Ruby26-x64\bin;%PATH%
   - ruby --version
 
-
 build_script:
   - set MRUBY_CONFIG=ci/msvc
-  - rake -m test:build
-  - rake test:run
+  - rake -m test:run:serial

benchmark/bm_ao_render.rb

@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ def clamp(f)
   i.to_i
 end
 
-def otherBasis(basis, n)
+def orthoBasis(basis, n)
   basis[2] = Vec.new(n.x, n.y, n.z)
   basis[1] = Vec.new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
 
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ class Scene
 
   def ambient_occlusion(isect)
     basis = Array.new(3)
-    otherBasis(basis, isect.n)
+    orthoBasis(basis, isect.n)
 
     ntheta    = NAO_SAMPLES
     nphi      = NAO_SAMPLES
@@ -243,8 +243,6 @@ class Scene
         @plane.intersect(ray, occisect)
         if occisect.hit
           occlusion = occlusion + 1.0
-        else
-          0.0
         end
       end
     end
@@ -254,8 +252,8 @@ class Scene
   end
 
   def render(w, h, nsubsamples)
-    cnt = 0
     nsf = nsubsamples.to_f
+    nsfs = nsf * nsf
     h.times do |y|
       w.times do |x|
         rad = Vec.new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
@@ -263,7 +261,6 @@ class Scene
         # Subsampling
         nsubsamples.times do |v|
           nsubsamples.times do |u|
-            cnt = cnt + 1
             wf = w.to_f
             hf = h.to_f
             xf = x.to_f
@@ -288,15 +285,13 @@ class Scene
               rad.x = rad.x + col.x
               rad.y = rad.y + col.y
               rad.z = rad.z + col.z
-            else
-              0.0
             end
           end
         end
 
-        r = rad.x / (nsf * nsf)
-        g = rad.y / (nsf * nsf)
-        b = rad.z / (nsf * nsf)
+        r = rad.x / nsfs
+        g = rad.y / nsfs
+        b = rad.z / nsfs
         printf("%c", clamp(r))
         printf("%c", clamp(g))
         printf("%c", clamp(b))

benchmark/bm_fib.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 def fib n
   return n if n < 2
   fib(n-2) + fib(n-1)

benchmark/bm_so_lists.rb

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 # from http://www.bagley.org/~doug/shootout/bench/lists/lists.ruby
+# which is lost long time ago. The past content can be retrieved from
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20040805115204/http://www.bagley.org/~doug/shootout/bench/lists/lists.ruby
 
 NUM = 300
 SIZE = 10000
 
-def test_lists()
+def test_lists
   # create a list of integers (Li1) from 1 to SIZE
   li1 = (1..SIZE).to_a
   # copy the list to li2 (not by individual items)

benchmark/bm_so_mandelbrot.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#  The Computer Language Benchmarks Game
+#  http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/
+#
+#  contributed by Karl von Laudermann
+#  modified by Jeremy Echols
+
+size = 600 # ARGV[0].to_i
+
+puts "P4\n#{size} #{size}"
+
+ITER = 49                           # Iterations - 1 for easy for..in looping
+LIMIT_SQUARED = 4.0                 # Presquared limit
+
+byte_acc = 0
+bit_num = 0
+
+count_size = size - 1               # Precomputed size for easy for..in looping
+
+# For..in loops are faster than .upto, .downto, .times, etc.
+for y in 0..count_size
+  for x in 0..count_size
+    zr = 0.0
+    zi = 0.0
+    cr = (2.0*x/size)-1.5
+    ci = (2.0*y/size)-1.0
+    escape = false
+
+    # To make use of the for..in code, we use a dummy variable,
+    # like one would in C
+    for dummy in 0..ITER
+      tr = zr*zr - zi*zi + cr
+      ti = 2*zr*zi + ci
+      zr, zi = tr, ti
+
+      if (zr*zr+zi*zi) > LIMIT_SQUARED
+        escape = true
+        break
+      end
+    end
+
+    byte_acc = (byte_acc << 1) | (escape ? 0b0 : 0b1)
+    bit_num += 1
+
+    # Code is very similar for these cases, but using separate blocks
+    # ensures we skip the shifting when it's unnecessary, which is most cases.
+    if (bit_num == 8)
+      print byte_acc.chr
+      byte_acc = 0
+      bit_num = 0
+    elsif (x == count_size)
+      byte_acc <<= (8 - bit_num)
+      print byte_acc.chr
+      byte_acc = 0
+      bit_num = 0
+    end
+  end
+end

build_config/ArduinoDue.rb

@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("ArduinoDue") do |conf|
   conf.disable_cxx_exception
 
   #gems from core
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-ext"
 

build_config/IntelGalileo.rb

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("Galileo") do |conf|
   #ARDUINO_GALILEO_PATH = '/opt/arduino'
 
   GALILEO_BIN_PATH = "#{GALILEO_ARDUINO_PATH}/hardware/tools/x86/i386-pokysdk-darwin/usr/bin/i586-poky-linux-uclibc"
-  GALILEO_SYSROOT =  "#{GALILEO_ARDUINO_PATH}/hardware/tools/x86/i586-poky-linux-uclibc"
+  GALILEO_SYSROOT  = "#{GALILEO_ARDUINO_PATH}/hardware/tools/x86/i586-poky-linux-uclibc"
   GALILEO_X86_PATH = "#{GALILEO_ARDUINO_PATH}/hardware/arduino/x86"
 
 
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("Galileo") do |conf|
 
   #official mrbgems
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-sprintf"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-time"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-struct"

build_config/RX630.rb

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("RX630") do |conf|
 
   #gems from core
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-sprintf"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-ext"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-numeric-ext"

build_config/android_arm64_v8a.rb

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 MRuby::CrossBuild.new('android-arm64-v8a') do |conf|
   params = {
     :arch => 'arm64-v8a',
-    :platform => 'android-24',
-    :toolchain => :clang,
+    :sdk_version => 33,
+    :toolchain => :clang
   }
   toolchain :android, params
 

build_config/android_armeabi.rb

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-# Requires Android NDK r13 or later.
-MRuby::CrossBuild.new('android-armeabi') do |conf|
-  params = {
-    :arch => 'armeabi',
-    :platform => 'android-24',
-    :toolchain => :clang,
-  }
-  toolchain :android, params
-
-  conf.gembox 'default'
-end

build_config/android_armeabi_v7a_neon_hard.rb

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new('android-armeabi-v7a-neon-hard') do |conf|
     :arch => 'armeabi-v7a',
     :mfpu => 'neon',
     :mfloat_abi => 'hard',
-    :platform => 'android-24',
-    :toolchain => :clang,
+    :sdk_version => 33,
+    :toolchain => :clang
   }
   toolchain :android, params
 

build_config/boxing.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ints = [64, 32]
 boxings.product(bits, ints) do |boxing, bit, int|
   MRuby::Build.new("boxing-#{boxing}-m#{bit}-i#{int}") do |conf|
     conf.toolchain :gcc
-    conf.gembox 'default'
+    conf.gembox 'full-core'
     conf.compilers.each do |c|
       c.defines << "MRB_#{boxing.upcase}_BOXING"
       c.defines << "MRB_INT#{int}"

build_config/chipKITMax32.rb

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("chipKITMax32") do |conf|
   conf.disable_cxx_exception
 
   #gems from core
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-ext"
 

build_config/ci/gcc-clang.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new('full-debug') do |conf|
 
   # include all core GEMs
   conf.gembox 'full-core'
-  conf.cc.defines += %w(MRB_GC_STRESS MRB_USE_DEBUG_HOOK MRB_UTF8_STRING)
+  conf.cc.defines += %w(MRB_GC_STRESS MRB_USE_DEBUG_HOOK)
 
   conf.enable_test
 end
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   conf.gembox 'full-core'
   conf.gem :core => 'mruby-bin-debugger'
   conf.compilers.each do |c|
-    c.defines += %w(MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA MRB_UTF8_STRING)
+    c.defines += %w(MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA)
   end
   conf.enable_bintest
   conf.enable_test
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new('cxx_abi') do |conf|
   conf.gembox 'full-core'
   conf.cc.flags += %w(-fpermissive -std=gnu++03)
   conf.compilers.each do |c|
-    c.defines += %w(MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA MRB_UTF8_STRING)
+    c.defines += %w(MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA)
   end
   conf.enable_test
 

build_config/cross-mingw-winetest.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 # Cross-compile using MinGW and test using Wine.
 #
 # Steps:
@@ -16,11 +15,11 @@
 #
 #   4. Confirm that drive 'z:' is mapped to your root filesystem.
 #      (This is supposed to be a default but it helps to
-#      double-check.)  To confirm, run:
+#      double-check.) To confirm, run:
 #
 #           wine cmd /c dir 'z:\\'
 #
-#      This should give you a DOS-style equivalent of 'ls /'.  If not,
+#      This should give you a DOS-style equivalent of 'ls /'. If not,
 #      you'll need to fix that with winecfg or by adding a symlink to
 #      '~/.wine/dosdevices'.
 #
@@ -40,8 +39,8 @@
 #
 #    1. This works by using a helper script that rewrites test output
 #       to make it look *nix-like and then handing it back to the test
-#       cases.  Some of the existing tests were (slightly) modified to
-#       make this easier but only for the 'full-core' gembox.  Other
+#       cases. Some of the existing tests were (slightly) modified to
+#       make this easier but only for the 'full-core' gembox. Other
 #       gems' bintests may or may not work with the helper script and
 #       may or may not be fixable by extending the script.
 #
@@ -50,11 +49,11 @@
 #
 #   3.  This script assumes you are running it on a *nix-style OS.
 #
-#   4.  I recommend building 64-bit targets only.  Building a 32-bit
+#   4.  I recommend building 64-bit targets only. Building a 32-bit
 #       Windows binary with i686-w64-mingw32 seems to work (at least,
 #       it did for me) but the resulting executable failed a number of
-#       unit tests due to small errors in some floating point
-#       operations.  It's unclear if this indicates more serious problems.
+#       unit tests due to small errors in some floating-point
+#       operations. It's unclear if this indicates more serious problems.
 #
 
 

build_config/default.rb

@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   # file separator
   # conf.file_separator = '/'
 
+  # change library directory name from the default "lib" if necessary
+  # conf.libdir_name = 'lib64'
+
   # Turn on `enable_debug` for better debugging
   # conf.enable_debug
   conf.enable_bintest

build_config/dreamcast_shelf.rb

@@ -4,31 +4,31 @@
 # Requires KallistiOS (KOS)
 # http://gamedev.allusion.net/softprj/kos/
 #
-# Tested on GNU/Linux, macOS and Windows (through MinGW-w64/MSYS2, Cygwin and DreamSDK).
+# This configuration has been improved to be used as KallistiOS Port (kos-ports)
+# Updated: 2023-12-24
+#
+# Tested on GNU/Linux, macOS and Windows (MinGW-w64/MSYS2, Cygwin, DreamSDK)
 # DreamSDK is based on MinGW/MSYS: https://dreamsdk.org/
 #
-# Input this command on the directory where mruby is installed:
-#   make MRUBY_CONFIG=dreamcast_shelf
+# Install mruby for Sega Dreamcast using the "mruby" kos-port.
 #
 MRuby::CrossBuild.new("dreamcast") do |conf|
   toolchain :gcc
 
-  # Support for DreamSDK (based on MinGW/MSYS)
-  # To compile mruby with DreamSDK, RubyInstaller for Windows should be installed
-  DREAMSDK_HOME = ENV["DREAMSDK_HOME"]
-  MSYS_ROOT = !(DREAMSDK_HOME.nil? || DREAMSDK_HOME.empty?) ? "#{DREAMSDK_HOME}/msys/1.0" : ""
+  # Getting critical environment variables
+  KOS_BASE = ENV["KOS_BASE"]
+  KOS_CC_BASE = ENV["KOS_CC_BASE"]
 
-  # Setting paths
-  DREAMCAST_PATH = "#{MSYS_ROOT}/opt/toolchains/dc"
-  KOS_PATH = "#{DREAMCAST_PATH}/kos"
-  BIN_PATH = "#{DREAMCAST_PATH}/sh-elf/bin"
+  if (KOS_BASE.nil? || KOS_BASE.empty? || KOS_CC_BASE.nil? || KOS_CC_BASE.empty?)
+    raise "Error: KallistiOS is required; KOS_BASE/KOS_CC_BASE needs to be declared; Stop."
+  end
 
   # C compiler
-  # Flags were extracted from KallistiOS environment files
+  # All flags and settings below were extracted from KallistiOS environment files
   conf.cc do |cc|
-    cc.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/sh-elf-gcc"
-    cc.include_paths << ["#{KOS_PATH}/include", "#{KOS_PATH}/kernel/arch/dreamcast/include", "#{KOS_PATH}/addons/include", "#{KOS_PATH}/../kos-ports/include"]
-    cc.flags << ["-O2", "-fomit-frame-pointer", "-ml", "-m4-single-only", "-ffunction-sections", "-fdata-sections", "-Wall", "-g", "-fno-builtin", "-ml", "-m4-single-only", "-Wl,-Ttext=0x8c010000", "-Wl,--gc-sections", "-T#{KOS_PATH}/utils/ldscripts/shlelf.xc", "-nodefaultlibs"]
+    cc.command = "#{KOS_CC_BASE}/bin/sh-elf-gcc"
+    cc.include_paths << ["#{KOS_BASE}/include", "#{KOS_BASE}/kernel/arch/dreamcast/include", "#{KOS_BASE}/addons/include", "#{KOS_BASE}/../kos-ports/include"]
+    cc.flags << ["-O2", "-fomit-frame-pointer", "-fno-builtin", "-ml", "-m4-single-only", "-ffunction-sections", "-fdata-sections", "-matomic-model=soft-imask", "-ftls-model=local-exec", "-Wall", "-g"]
     cc.compile_options = %Q[%{flags} -o "%{outfile}" -c "%{infile}"]
     cc.defines << %w(_arch_dreamcast)
     cc.defines << %w(_arch_sub_pristine)
@@ -39,79 +39,44 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("dreamcast") do |conf|
     cxx.command = conf.cc.command.dup
     cxx.include_paths = conf.cc.include_paths.dup
     cxx.flags = conf.cc.flags.dup
-    cxx.flags << %w(-fno-rtti -fno-exceptions)
+    cxx.flags << %w(-fno-operator-names)
     cxx.defines = conf.cc.defines.dup
     cxx.compile_options = conf.cc.compile_options.dup
   end
 
   # Linker
-  # There is an issue when making the mruby library with KallistiOS:
-  # 'newlib_kill.o' and 'newlib_getpid.o' aren't found so they are explicitly
-  # specified here at least for now.
   conf.linker do |linker|
-    linker.command="#{BIN_PATH}/sh-elf-gcc"
-    linker.flags << ["#{MSYS_ROOT}/opt/toolchains/dc/kos/kernel/build/newlib_kill.o", "#{MSYS_ROOT}/opt/toolchains/dc/kos/kernel/build/newlib_getpid.o", "-Wl,--start-group -lkallisti -lc -lgcc -Wl,--end-group"]
-    linker.library_paths << ["#{KOS_PATH}/lib/dreamcast", "#{KOS_PATH}/addons/lib/dreamcast", "#{KOS_PATH}/../kos-ports/lib"]
+    linker.command = "#{KOS_CC_BASE}/bin/sh-elf-gcc"
+    linker.flags << ["-Wl,-Ttext=0x8c010000", "-Wl,--gc-sections", "-T#{KOS_BASE}/utils/ldscripts/shlelf.xc", "-nodefaultlibs", "-Wl,--start-group -lkallisti -lc -lgcc -Wl,--end-group"]
+    linker.library_paths << ["#{KOS_BASE}/lib/dreamcast", "#{KOS_BASE}/addons/lib/dreamcast", "#{KOS_BASE}/../kos-ports/lib"]
   end
 
   # Archiver
   conf.archiver do |archiver|
-    archiver.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/sh-elf-ar"
+    archiver.command = "#{KOS_CC_BASE}/bin/sh-elf-ar"
     archiver.archive_options = 'rcs "%{outfile}" %{objs}'
   end
 
-  # No executables
+  # No executables needed for KallistiOS
   conf.bins = []
 
-  # Do not build executable test
+  # Do not build test binaries
   conf.build_mrbtest_lib_only
 
-  # Disable C++ exception
-  conf.disable_cxx_exception
+  # Gemboxes
+  conf.gembox "default-no-stdio"
+  conf.gembox "stdlib-ext"
+  conf.gembox "metaprog"
 
-  # Gems from core
-  # Some Gems are incompatible and were disabled.
-
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-array-ext"
+  # Additional Gems
+  # Currently unsupported on KallistiOS: "mruby-io", "mruby-dir", "mruby-socket"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-binding"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-catch"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-class-ext"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-cmath"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-compar-ext"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-compiler"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-complex"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-chain"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-ext"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-lazy"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enumerator"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-errno"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-error"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-eval"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-exit"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-fiber"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-hash-ext"
-#  conf.gem :core => "mruby-io"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-kernel-ext"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-metaprog"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-method"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-numeric-ext"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-object-ext"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-objectspace"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-os-memsize"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-pack"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-print"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-proc-binding"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-proc-ext"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-random"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-range-ext"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-rational"
   conf.gem :core => "mruby-sleep"
-#  conf.gem :core => "mruby-socket"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-sprintf"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-string-ext"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-struct"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-symbol-ext"
-#  conf.gem :core => "mruby-test"
-#  conf.gem :core => "mruby-time"
-  conf.gem :core => "mruby-toplevel-ext"
 end

build_config/emscripten-cxx.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Make sure to add these compile options:
+#   build/emscripten-cxx/host-bin/mruby-config --cxxflags
+#
+# Make sure to add these link options:
+#   build/emscripten-cxx/host-bin/mruby-config --ldflags --libs
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new('emscripten-cxx') do |conf|
+  conf.toolchain :emscripten
+
+  conf.gembox 'default'
+
+  conf.enable_cxx_abi
+end

build_config/emscripten.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Make sure to add these compile options:
+#   build/emscripten/host-bin/mruby-config --cflags
+#
+# Make sure to add these link options:
+#   build/emscripten/host-bin/mruby-config --ldflags --libs
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new('emscripten') do |conf|
+  conf.toolchain :emscripten
+
+  conf.gembox 'default'
+end

build_config/gameboyadvance.rb

@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ MRuby::CrossBuild.new("gameboyadvance") do |conf|
   conf.gem core: "mruby-metaprog"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-pack"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-sprintf"
-  conf.gem core: "mruby-print"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-math"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-time"
   conf.gem core: "mruby-struct"

build_config/helpers/wine_runner.rb

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def clean(output, stderr = false)
 
   result_text = results.join("\n")
   result_text += "\n" if ends_with_newline
-  return result_text
+  result_text
 end
 
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def main
   end
 
   # For simplicity, just read all of stdin into memory and pass that
-  # as an argument when invoking wine.  (Skipped if STDIN was not
+  # as an argument when invoking wine. (Skipped if STDIN was not
   # redirected.)
   if !STDIN.tty?
     input = STDIN.read

build_config/host-f32.rb

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   toolchain :gcc
 
   # include the GEM box
-  conf.gembox 'default'
+  conf.gembox 'full-core'
 
   conf.cc.defines << 'MRB_USE_FLOAT32'
 

build_config/host-gprof.rb

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   toolchain :gcc
 
   # include the GEM box
-  conf.gembox 'default'
+  conf.gembox 'full-core'
 
   conf.cc.flags << '-pg'
   conf.linker.flags << '-pg'

build_config/host-m32.rb

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   toolchain :gcc
 
   # include the GEM box
-  conf.gembox 'default'
+  conf.gembox 'full-core'
 
   conf.cc.flags << '-m32'
   conf.linker.flags << '-m32'

build_config/host-shared.rb

@@ -1,23 +1,20 @@
+# NOTE: Currently, this configuration file does not support VisualC++!
+#       Your help is needed!
+
 MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   # load specific toolchain settings
-
-  # Gets set by the VS command prompts.
-  if ENV['VisualStudioVersion'] || ENV['VSINSTALLDIR']
-    toolchain :visualcpp
-  else
-    toolchain :gcc
-  end
+  conf.toolchain
 
   # include the GEM box
   conf.gembox 'default'
 
   # C compiler settings
-  conf.cc do |cc|
-    cc.flags = '-fPIC'
+  conf.compilers.each do |cc|
+    cc.flags << '-fPIC'
   end
 
   conf.archiver do |archiver|
-    archiver.command = 'gcc'
+    archiver.command = cc.command
     archiver.archive_options = '-shared -o %{outfile} %{objs}'
   end
 
@@ -29,6 +26,9 @@ MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
   # file separator
   # conf.file_separator = '/'
 
+  # enable this if better compatibility with C++ is desired
+  #conf.enable_cxx_exception
+
   # Turn on `enable_debug` for better debugging
   conf.enable_debug
   conf.enable_bintest

build_config/i586-pc-msdosdjgpp.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# Cross Compiling configuration for MS-DOS
+#
+# Requires DJGPP cross-compiler, see
+# https://github.com/andrewwutw/build-djgpp/releases
+
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new("i586-pc-msdosdjgpp") do |conf|
+  toolchain :gcc
+
+  # If DJGPP is not in the PATH, set this to the bin directory
+  DJGPP_PATH = nil
+
+  GCC = 'i586-pc-msdosdjgpp-gcc'
+  GXX = 'i586-pc-msdosdjgpp-g++'
+  AR  = 'i586-pc-msdosdjgpp-ar'
+
+  conf.cc do |cc|
+    cc.command = DJGPP_PATH ? File.join(DJGPP_PATH, GCC) : GCC
+    cc.defines << 'MRB_NO_IO_PREAD_PWRITE'
+    cc.defines << 'MRB_UTF8_STRING'
+  end
+
+  conf.cxx do |cxx|
+    cxx.command = DJGPP_PATH ? File.join(DJGPP_PATH, GXX) : GXX
+    cxx.defines << 'MRB_NO_IO_PREAD_PWRITE'
+    cxx.defines << 'MRB_UTF8_STRING'
+  end
+
+  conf.linker do |linker|
+    linker.command = DJGPP_PATH ? File.join(DJGPP_PATH, GXX) : GXX
+    linker.libraries = %w(m)
+  end
+
+  conf.archiver do |archiver|
+    archiver.command = DJGPP_PATH ? File.join(DJGPP_PATH, AR) : AR
+  end
+
+  # All provided gems that can be reasonably made to compile:
+  # default.gembox, minus mruby-socket and replacing mruby-cmath with mruby-cmath-alt
+  conf.gembox "stdlib"
+  conf.gembox "stdlib-ext"
+
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-io'              # stdlib-io.gembox <- default.gembox
+# No socket support in DJGPP
+# conf.gem :core => 'mruby-socket'          # stdlib-io.gembox <- default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-errno'           # stdlib-io.gembox <- default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-dir'             # stdlib-io.gembox <- default.gembox
+
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-bigint'          # math.gembox <- default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-complex'         # math.gembox <- default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-math'            # math.gembox <- default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-rational'        # math.gembox <- default.gembox
+  # Alternative implementation of cmath, not requiring <complex.h>
+# conf.gem :github => 'chasonr/mruby-cmath-alt' # math.gembox <- default.gembox
+
+  conf.gembox "metaprog"
+
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-bin-mrbc'        # default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-bin-debugger'    # default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-bin-mirb'        # default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-bin-mruby'       # default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-bin-strip'       # default.gembox
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-bin-config'      # default.gembox
+
+  # Other compilable gems
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-binding'
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-catch'
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-enum-chain'
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-error'
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-exit'
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-os-memsize'
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-proc-binding'
+  conf.gem :core => 'mruby-sleep'
+
+  # For Onigmo regular expression support
+  conf.gem :github => 'mattn/mruby-onig-regexp'
+end

build_config/milkv_duo.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+# Cross Compiling configuration for Milk-V Duo.
+# To build (on Ubuntu 24.04): rake MRUBY_CONFIG=build_config/milkv_duo.rb
+#
+# Requires: https://github.com/milkv-duo/duo-sdk
+#
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new("milkv_duo") do |conf|
+  # Set this string to match your board: milkv_duo, milkv_duo256m, milkv_duos
+  MILKV_DUO_VARIANT = "milkv_duo256m"
+
+  # Expect duo-sdk directory is same level as (next to) mruby top-level directory.
+  SDK_BASE = File.expand_path("../../../", File.expand_path(__FILE__)) + "/duo-sdk"
+  TOOLCHAIN_BASE = "#{SDK_BASE}/riscv64-linux-musl-x86_64"
+  SYSROOT = "#{SDK_BASE}/rootfs"
+
+  toolchain :gcc
+
+  # C compiler settings
+  conf.cc do |cc|
+    cc.command = "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/bin/riscv64-unknown-linux-musl-gcc"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-linux/musl/10.2.0/include-fixed"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-linux/musl/10.2.0/include"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/riscv64-unknown-linux/include"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/include"
+    cc.include_paths << "#{SYSROOT}/usr/include"
+    cc.flags << ["-mcpu=c906fdv", "-march=rv64imafdcv0p7xthead", "-mcmodel=medany", "-mabi=lp64d"]
+    cc.flags << ["-D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE", "-D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE", "-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64"]
+    cc.flags << ["-Wl,--copy-dt-needed-entries", "-Wl,-lc,-lgcc_s,-lwiringx"]
+    cc.defines << "MILKV_DUO_VARIANT=_#{MILKV_DUO_VARIANT}"
+  end
+
+  # Linker settings
+  conf.linker do |linker|
+    linker.command = cc.command
+    linker.library_paths << ["#{SYSROOT}/lib", "#{SYSROOT}/usr/lib"]
+    linker.flags = cc.flags
+  end
+
+  # Archiver settings
+  conf.archiver do |archiver|
+    archiver.command = "#{TOOLCHAIN_BASE}/bin/riscv64-unknown-linux-musl-gcc-ar"
+  end
+
+  # Do not build executable test
+  conf.build_mrbtest_lib_only
+
+  # Disable C++ exception
+  conf.disable_cxx_exception
+
+  # All standard gems.
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-array-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bigint/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-config/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-debugger/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mirb/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mrbc/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mruby/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-strip/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-binding/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-catch/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-class-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-cmath/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-compar-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-compiler/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-complex/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-data/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-dir/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-chain/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-lazy/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enumerator/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-errno/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-error/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-eval/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-exit/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-fiber/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-hash-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-io/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-kernel-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-math/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-metaprog/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-method/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-numeric-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-object-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-objectspace/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-os-memsize/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-pack/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-binding/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-random/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-range-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-rational/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-set/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-sleep/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-socket/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-sprintf/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-struct/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-symbol-ext/'
+  # conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-test-inline-struct/'
+  # conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-test/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-time/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-toplevel-ext/'
+
+  # GPIO, ADC, PWM, I2C and SPI support for Milk-V Duo
+  # conf.gem :github => 'denko-rb/mruby-milkv-duo'
+end

build_config/nintendo_wii.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# Cross Compiling configuration for the Nintendo Wii
+# This configuration requires devkitPPC
+# https://devkitpro.org/wiki/Getting_Started
+#
+#
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new("wii") do |conf|
+  toolchain :gcc
+
+  DEVKITPRO_PATH = "/opt/devkitpro"
+  BIN_PATH = "#{DEVKITPRO_PATH}/devkitPPC/bin"
+
+  # C compiler
+  conf.cc do |cc|
+    cc.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/powerpc-eabi-gcc"
+    cc.compile_options = %(%{flags} -o "%{outfile}" -c "%{infile}")
+  end
+
+  # C++ compiler
+  conf.cxx do |cxx|
+    cxx.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/powerpc-eabi-g++"
+    cxx.include_paths = conf.cc.include_paths.dup
+    cxx.flags = conf.cc.flags.dup
+    cxx.defines = conf.cc.defines.dup
+    cxx.compile_options = conf.cc.compile_options.dup
+  end
+
+  # Linker
+  conf.linker do |linker|
+    linker.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/powerpc-eabi-gcc"
+  end
+
+  # No executables
+  conf.bins = []
+
+  # Do not build executable test
+  conf.build_mrbtest_lib_only
+
+  # Disable C++ exception
+  conf.disable_cxx_exception
+
+  # All current core gems with ones with build issues commented out
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-array-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bigint/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-config/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-debugger/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mirb/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mrbc/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-mruby/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-bin-strip/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-binding/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-catch/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-class-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-cmath/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-compar-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-compiler/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-complex/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-data/'
+  #conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-dir/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-chain/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enum-lazy/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-enumerator/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-errno/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-error/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-eval/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-exit/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-fiber/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-hash-ext/'
+  #conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-io/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-kernel-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-math/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-metaprog/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-method/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-numeric-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-object-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-objectspace/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-os-memsize/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-pack/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-binding/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-proc-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-random/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-range-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-rational/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-set/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-sleep/'
+  #conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-socket/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-sprintf/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-string-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-struct/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-symbol-ext/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-test-inline-struct/'
+  #conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-test/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-time/'
+  conf.gem 'mrbgems/mruby-toplevel-ext/'
+end

build_config/no-float.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Define cross build settings
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new('no-float') do |conf|
+  conf.toolchain
+
+  # Add configuration
+  conf.compilers.each do |c|
+    c.defines << "MRB_NO_FLOAT"
+  end
+
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-bin-mruby"
+
+  conf.test_runner.command = 'env'
+
+  conf.enable_debug
+#  conf.enable_bintest
+  conf.enable_test
+end

build_config/playstationportable.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Cross Compiling configuration for the Sony PlayStation Portable.
+# This configuration requires toolchain from https://github.com/pspdev
+
+MRuby::CrossBuild.new("playstationportable") do |conf|
+  toolchain :gcc
+
+  PSPDEV_PATH = "#{ENV['PSPDEV']}"
+  BIN_PATH = "#{PSPDEV_PATH}/bin"
+
+  # C compiler
+  conf.cc do |cc|
+    cc.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/psp-gcc"
+    cc.flags << ["-O2", "-D_PSP_FW_VERSION=600"]
+    cc.include_paths << ["#{PSPDEV_PATH}/psp/include", "#{PSPDEV_PATH}/psp/sdk/include"]
+    cc.compile_options = %(%{flags} -o "%{outfile}" -c "%{infile}")
+  end
+
+  # C++ compiler
+  conf.cxx do |cxx|
+    cxx.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/psp-g++"
+    cxx.include_paths = conf.cc.include_paths.dup
+    cxx.flags = conf.cc.flags.dup
+    cxx.flags << %w[-fno-rtti -fno-exceptions]
+    cxx.defines = conf.cc.defines.dup
+    cxx.compile_options = conf.cc.compile_options.dup
+  end
+
+  # Linker
+  conf.linker do |linker|
+    linker.command = "#{BIN_PATH}/psp-gcc"
+    linker.flags << ["-Wl,-zmax-page-size=128"]
+  end
+
+  # No executables
+  conf.bins = []
+
+  # Do not build executable test
+  conf.build_mrbtest_lib_only
+
+  # Gems from core
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-metaprog"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-pack"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-sprintf"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-math"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-time"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-struct"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-compar-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-string-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-numeric-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-array-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-hash-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-range-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-proc-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-symbol-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-random"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-object-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-objectspace"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-fiber"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enumerator"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-lazy"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-toplevel-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-kernel-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-class-ext"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-compiler"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-binding"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-catch"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-enum-chain"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-errno"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-error"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-exit"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-os-memsize"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-proc-binding"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-sleep"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-io"
+  conf.gem :core => "mruby-dir"
+  #conf.gem :core => "mruby-socket" unsupported
+end

doc/guides/compile.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Compile -->
+
 # Compile
 
 mruby uses Rake to compile and cross-compile all libraries and
@@ -7,17 +9,17 @@ binaries.
 
 To compile mruby out of the source code you need the following tools:
 
-* C Compiler (e.g. `gcc` or `clang`)
-* Linker (e.g. `gcc` or `clang`)
-* Archive utility (e.g. `ar`)
-* Ruby 2.5 or later (e.g. `ruby` or `jruby`)
+- C Compiler (e.g. `gcc` or `clang`)
+- Linker (e.g. `gcc` or `clang`)
+- Archive utility (e.g. `ar`)
+- Ruby 2.5 or later (e.g. `ruby` or `jruby`)
 
 Optional:
 
-* Git (to update mruby source and integrate mrbgems easier)
-* C++ compiler (to use mrbgems which include `*.cpp`, `*.cxx`, `*.cc`)
-* Bison (to compile `mrbgems/mruby-compiler/core/parse.y`)
-* gperf (to compile `mrbgems/mruby-compiler/core/keywords`)
+- Git (to update mruby source and integrate mrbgems easier)
+- C++ compiler (to use mrbgems which include `*.cpp`, `*.cxx`, `*.cc`)
+- Bison (to compile `mrbgems/mruby-compiler/core/parse.y`)
+- gperf (to compile `mrbgems/mruby-compiler/core/keywords`)
 
 Note that `bison` bundled with macOS is too old to compile `mruby`.
 Try `brew install bison` and follow the instruction shown to update
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ conf.toolchain :clang
 #### Visual Studio 2010, 2012 and 2013
 
 Toolchain configuration for Visual Studio on Windows. If you use the
-[Visual Studio Command Prompt](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms229859\(v=vs.110\).aspx),
+[Visual Studio Command Prompt](<https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms229859(v=vs.110).aspx>),
 you normally do not have to specify this manually, since it gets automatically detected by our build process.
 
 ```ruby
@@ -103,8 +105,8 @@ in `ANDROID_STANDALONE_TOOLCHAIN`.
 It is possible to select which tools should be compiled during the compilation
 process. For example,
 
-* `mruby`
-* `mirb`
+- `mruby`
+- `mirb`
 
 The configuration are done via `mrbgems`. See `Mrbgems` section.
 
@@ -117,6 +119,36 @@ set the character via `conf.file_separator`.
 conf.file_separator = '/'
 ```
 
+### Name of library directory
+
+In some environments, the `libmruby.a` file requires a different directory name than `lib`.
+You can be changed to any name by the `conf.libdir_name` accessor.
+
+```ruby
+conf.libdir_name = 'lib64'
+```
+
+Alternatively, it can be changed via the environment variable `MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME` when
+the `rake` command is run.
+
+```console
+$ export MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME=lib64
+$ rake clean all
+```
+
+NOTES:
+
+- This environment variable `MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME` does not affect `MRuby::CrossBuild`.
+  In other words, if you want to change it for `MRuby::CrossBuild`, you must set it with `MRuby::CrossBuild#libdir_name=`.
+- If you want to switch this environment variable `MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME`, you must do `rake clean`.
+
+  A bad usage example is shown below.
+
+  ```console
+  $ rake clean all
+  $ rake MRUBY_SYSTEM_LIBDIR_NAME=lib64 install
+  ```
+
 ### C Compiler
 
 Configuration of the C compiler binary, flags and include paths.
@@ -177,7 +209,7 @@ conf.linker do |linker|
   linker.flags_before_libraries = ...
   linker.libraries = ...
   linker.flags_after_libraries = ...
-  linker.library_paths = ....
+  linker.library_paths = ...
   linker.option_library = ...
   linker.option_library_path = ...
   linker.link_options = ...
@@ -265,7 +297,7 @@ There is a `RubyGem` (gem for CRuby) named `mgem` that help you to
 manage `mrbgems`. Try `gem install mgem`. `mgem` can show you the list
 of registered `mrbgems`.
 
-See doc/mrbgems/README.md for more option about mrbgems.
+See [doc/guides/mrbgems.md](mrbgems.md) for more option about mrbgems.
 
 ### Mrbtest
 
@@ -332,11 +364,11 @@ conf.enable_debug
 
 When debugging mode is enabled
 
-* Macro `MRB_DEBUG` would be defined.
-  * Which means `mrb_assert()` macro is enabled.
-* Debug information of irep would be generated by `mrbc`.
-  * Because `-g` flag would be added to `mrbc` runner.
-    * You can have better backtrace of mruby scripts with this.
+- Macro `MRB_DEBUG` would be defined.
+  - Which means `mrb_assert()` macro is enabled.
+- Debug information of irep would be generated by `mrbc`.
+  - Because `-g` flag would be added to `mrbc` runner.
+    - You can have better backtrace of mruby scripts with this.
 
 ## Cross-Compilation
 
@@ -376,7 +408,7 @@ end
 
 ## Build process
 
-During the build process the directory `build` will be created in the
+During the build process the `build` directory will be created in the
 root directory. The structure of this directory will look like this:
 
 ```
@@ -401,19 +433,19 @@ root directory. The structure of this directory will look like this:
 
 The compilation workflow will look like this:
 
-* compile minimal `mrbc` from `src` and `mrblib` sources
-  * compile all files under `src` (object files will be stored in `build/host/mrbc/src`)
-  * compile `mruby-compiler` gem
-  * create `build/host/mrbc/lib/libmruby_core.a` out of all object files (C only)
-  * create `build/host/mrbc/bin/mrbc` via `mruby-bin-mrbc` gem
-* compile all files under `src` and store result in `build/host/src`
-* create `build/host/mrblib/mrblib.c` by compiling all `*.rb` files under `mrblib` with `build/host/mrbc/bin/mrbc`
-* compile `build/host/mrblib/mrblib.c` to `build/host/mrblib/mrblib.o`
-* create `build/host/lib/libmruby.a` out of all object files (C and Ruby)
-* compile (normal) mrbgems specified in the configuration file
-* create `build/host/lib/libmruby.a` from object files from gems and `libmruby_core.a`
-* create binary commands according to binary gems (e.g. `mirb` and `mruby`)
-* copy binaries under `build/host/bin` to `bin` directory
+- compile minimal `mrbc` from `src` and `mrblib` sources
+  - compile all files under `src` (object files will be stored in `build/host/mrbc/src`)
+  - compile `mruby-compiler` gem
+  - create `build/host/mrbc/lib/libmruby_core.a` out of all object files (C only)
+  - create `build/host/mrbc/bin/mrbc` via `mruby-bin-mrbc` gem
+- compile all files under `src` and store result in `build/host/src`
+- create `build/host/mrblib/mrblib.c` by compiling all `*.rb` files under `mrblib` with `build/host/mrbc/bin/mrbc`
+- compile `build/host/mrblib/mrblib.c` to `build/host/mrblib/mrblib.o`
+- create `build/host/lib/libmruby.a` out of all object files (C and Ruby)
+- compile (normal) mrbgems specified in the configuration file
+- create `build/host/lib/libmruby.a` from object files from gems and `libmruby_core.a`
+- create binary commands according to binary gems (e.g. `mirb` and `mruby`)
+- copy binaries under `build/host/bin` to `bin` directory
 
 ```
  _____    _____    ______    ____    ____    _____    _____    ____
@@ -460,18 +492,18 @@ compile for `i386` a directory called `i386` is created under the
 build directory.
 
 The cross compilation workflow starts in the same way as the normal
-compilation by compiling all *native* libraries and binaries, except
+compilation by compiling all _native_ libraries and binaries, except
 for we don't have `host/mrbc` directory (`host` directory itself works
 as placeholder for `mrbc`). Afterwards the cross compilation process
 proceeds like this:
 
-* cross-compile all files under `src` and store result in `build/i386/src`
-* create `build/i386/lib/libmruby_core.a` out of C object files
-* create `build/i386/mrblib/mrblib.c` by compiling all `*.rb` files under `mrblib` with native `build/host/bin/mrbc`
-* cross-compile `build/i386/mrblib/mrblib.c` to `build/i386/mrblib/mrblib.o`
-* create `build/i386/lib/libmruby.a` from object files from gems and `libmruby_core.a`
-* create binary commands according to binary gems (e.g. `mirb` and `mruby`)
-* copy binaries under `build/host/bin` to `bin` directory
+- cross-compile all files under `src` and store result in `build/i386/src`
+- create `build/i386/lib/libmruby_core.a` out of C object files
+- create `build/i386/mrblib/mrblib.c` by compiling all `*.rb` files under `mrblib` with native `build/host/bin/mrbc`
+- cross-compile `build/i386/mrblib/mrblib.c` to `build/i386/mrblib/mrblib.o`
+- create `build/i386/lib/libmruby.a` from object files from gems and `libmruby_core.a`
+- create binary commands according to binary gems (e.g. `mirb` and `mruby`)
+- copy binaries under `build/host/bin` to `bin` directory
 
 ```
  _______________________________________________________________
@@ -527,7 +559,7 @@ After the build, you will get `libmruby.a`. You can link it to your application.
 For compiler options and library path, you can use `mruby-config` command for
 convenience. `mruby-config` command prints the configuration used for `libmruby.a`.
 
-```
+```console
 $ mruby-config --help
 Usage: mruby-config [switches]
   switches:
@@ -545,7 +577,7 @@ For example, when you have a C source file (`c.c`) and try to
 compile and link it with `libmruby.a`, you can run the following command,
 
 ```
-gcc `mruby-config --cflags` c.c `mruby-config --ldflags` `mruby-config --libs`
+`mruby-config --cc --cflags` c.c `mruby-config --ldflags --libs`
 ```
 
 When you use `make`, add following lines in `Makefile`
@@ -556,3 +588,84 @@ CFLAGS = `$(MRB_CONFIG) --cflags`
 LDFLAGS = `$(MRB_CONFIG) --ldflags`
 LIBS = `$(MRB_CONFIG) --libs`
 ```
+
+## Install
+
+To install the files in the `bin`, `include` and `lib` directories generated by the "host" build target into a system directory, do the following:
+
+```console
+$ rake install
+```
+
+If there are multiple build targets in the build configuration file, to install the products of all build targets, do the following:
+
+```console
+$ rake install:full
+```
+
+To install only one of several build targets, e.g., the "its-mine" build target, do the following:
+
+```console
+$ rake install:full:its-mine
+```
+
+To install only the executable files, do the following:
+
+```console
+$ rake install_bin              # only "host" build target
+$ rake install:bin              # all build targets
+$ rake install:bin:its-mine     # only "its-mine" build target
+```
+
+### Installation Directory
+
+The installation directory is `/usr/local` for the "host" build target and `/usr/local/mruby/<build-name>` for the others.
+To change them, you can set the environment variable `PREFIX` or use `MRuby::Build#install_prefix = dir` in your build configuration file.
+
+The `PREFIX` environment variable affects all build targets and changes the `/usr/local` part.
+
+The `MRuby::Build#install_prefix` can be set for each individual build target.
+In this case, the environment variable `PREFIX` is ignored.
+
+Also, if the environment variable `DESTDIR` is set, it will prepend to the path obtained by `install_prefix` to determine the final write directory.
+This is intended for temporary file expansion by the user's package work.
+
+---
+
+To summarize:
+
+- The default value of the environment variable `PREFIX` is `/usr/local`.
+- For the "host" build target, the default value of `MRuby::Build#install_prefix` is `<PREFIX>`.
+- For a build target other than "host", the default value of `MRuby::Build#install_prefix` is `<PREFIX>/mruby/<build-name>`.
+- If the environment variable `DESTDIR` is set, the actual write directory is `<DESTDIR>/<MRuby::Build#install_prefix>`.
+
+### Excluded files
+
+In some cases there are files that you do not want to install.
+In such cases, add a file path filter to the array object `MRuby::Build#install_excludes` to exclude them.
+
+The following is an object that can be defined as a file path filter.
+The `path` variable that appears is a relative path based on `MRuby::Build#build_dir`.
+
+- string objects: files matched by `string.match?(path)` are excluded.
+- regexp object: files matched by `regexp.match?(path)` are excluded.
+- proc object: files which return true with `proc.call(path)` are excluded.
+
+```ruby
+# exclude bin/mrbc
+conf.install_excludes << exefile("bin/mrbc")
+
+# exclude all files under lib/ directory
+conf.install_excludes << %r(^lib/)
+
+# exclude bin/mrbtest, but in this case it is recommended to use string instead of proc
+conf.install_excludes << proc { |path|
+  path == exefile("bin/mrbtest")
+}
+```
+
+By default, it contains only a proc object to exclude `libmruby_core`.
+
+## Tips
+
+- If you see compilation troubles, try `rake clean` first.

doc/guides/debugger.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Debugger with the `mrdb` Command -->
+
 # How to Use the mruby Debugger
 
 copyright (c) 2014 Specified Non-Profit Corporation mruby Forum
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ To confirm mrdb was installed properly, run mrdb with the `--version` option:
 
 ```bash
 $ mrdb --version
-mruby 3.0.0 (2021-03-05)
+mruby 3.3.0 (2024-02-14)
 ```
 
 ## 2.2 Basic Operation
@@ -61,20 +63,20 @@ $ mrdb sample.rb
 
 You can execute the shell commands listed below:
 
-|command|description|
-|:-:|:--|
-|run|execute programs|
-|step|execute stepping|
-|continue|execute continuing program|
-|break|configure the breaking point|
-|delete|deleting the breaking points|
-|disable|disabling the breaking points|
-|enable|enabling the breaking points|
-|info breakpoints|showing list of the breaking points|
-|print|evaluating and printing the values of the mruby expressions in the script|
-|list|displaying the source cords|
-|help|showing help|
-|quit|terminating the mruby debugger|
+|     command      | description                                                               |
+| :--------------: | :------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+|       run        | execute programs                                                          |
+|       step       | execute stepping                                                          |
+|     continue     | execute continuing program                                                |
+|      break       | configure the breaking point                                              |
+|      delete      | deleting the breaking points                                              |
+|     disable      | disabling the breaking points                                             |
+|      enable      | enabling the breaking points                                              |
+| info breakpoints | showing list of the breaking points                                       |
+|      print       | evaluating and printing the values of the mruby expressions in the script |
+|       list       | displaying the source cords                                               |
+|       help       | showing help                                                              |
+|       quit       | terminating the mruby debugger                                            |
 
 ### 2.2.2 Debugging mruby Binary Files (mrb file) with mrdb
 
@@ -82,8 +84,8 @@ You can debug the mruby binary files.
 
 #### 2.2.2.1 Debugging the binary files
 
-* notice
-To debug mruby binary files, you need to compile mruby files with option `-g`.
+- notice
+  To debug mruby binary files, you need to compile mruby files with option `-g`.
 
 ```bash
 $ mrbc -g sample.rb

doc/guides/gc-arena-howto.md

@@ -1,25 +1,28 @@
+<!-- summary: About GC Arena -->
+
 # How to use `mrb_gc_arena_save()`/`mrb_gc_arena_restore()`/`mrb_gc_protect()`
 
 _This is an English translation of [Matz's blog post][matz blog post]
 written in Japanese._
 _Some parts are updated to reflect recent changes._
-[matz blog post]: <https://www.rubyist.net/~matz/20130731.html>
+
+[matz blog post]: https://www.rubyist.net/~matz/20130731.html
 
 When you are extending mruby using C language, you may encounter
 mysterious "arena overflow error" or memory leak or very slow
-execution speed.  This is an error indicating overflow of "GC arena"
+execution speed. This is an error indicating overflow of "GC arena"
 implementing "conservative GC".
 
 GC (garbage collector) must ensure that object is "alive", in other
-words, that it is referenced by somewhere from the program.  This can be
+words, that it is referenced by somewhere from the program. This can be
 determined by checking if the object can be directly or indirectly
-referenced by root.  The local variables, global variables and
-constants etc are root.
+referenced by root. The local variables, global variables and
+constants etc. are root.
 
 If program execution is performed inside mruby VM, there is nothing to
 worry about because GC can access all roots owned by the VM.
 
-The problem arises when executing C functions.  The object referenced
+The problem arises when executing C functions. The object referenced
 by C variable is also "alive", but mruby GC cannot aware of this, so
 it might mistakenly recognize the objects referenced by only C
 variables as dead.
@@ -27,15 +30,15 @@ variables as dead.
 This can be a fatal bug if the GC tries to collect a live object.
 
 In CRuby, we scan C stack area, and use C variable as root to check
-whether object is alive or not.  Of course, because we are accessing C
+whether object is alive or not. Of course, because we are accessing C
 stack just as memory region, we never know it is an integer or a
-pointer.  We workaround this by assuming that if it looks like a
-pointer, then assume it as a pointer.  We call it "conservative".
+pointer. We work around this by assuming that if it looks like a
+pointer, then assume it as a pointer. We call it "conservative".
 
 By the way, CRuby's "conservative GC" has some problems.
 
 The biggest problem is we have no way to access to the stack area in
-portable way.  Therefore, we cannot use this method if we'd like to
+portable way. Therefore, we cannot use this method if we'd like to
 implement highly portable runtime, like mruby.
 
 So we came up with another plan to implement "conservative GC" in mruby.
@@ -62,17 +65,17 @@ memory leak.
 
 As of this writing, mruby automatically extend arena to remember
 objects (See `MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA` and `MRB_GC_ARENA_SIZE` in
-doc/guides/mrbconf.md).
+[doc/guides/mrbconf.md](mrbconf.md)).
 
 If you create many objects in C functions, memory usage will increase, since
-GC never kick in.  This memory usage may look like memory leak, but will also
+GC never kicks in. This memory usage may look like memory leaks, but will also
 make execution slower as more memory will need to be allocated.
 
 With the build time configuration, you can limit the maximum size of
-arena (e.g., 100).  Then if you create many objects, arena overflows,
+arena (e.g., 100). Then if you create many objects, arena overflows,
 thus you will get an "arena overflow error".
 
-To workaround these problems, we have `mrb_gc_arena_save()` and
+To work around these problems, we have `mrb_gc_arena_save()` and
 `mrb_gc_arena_restore()` functions.
 
 `int mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb)` returns the current position of the stack
@@ -93,7 +96,7 @@ In mruby, C function calls are surrounded by this save/restore, but we
 can further optimize memory usage by surrounding save/restore, and can
 avoid creating arena overflow bugs.
 
-Let's take a real example.  Here is the source code of `Array#inspect`:
+Let's take a real example. Here is the source code of `Array#inspect`:
 
 ```c
 static mrb_value
@@ -106,7 +109,7 @@ inspect_ary(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value ary, mrb_value list)
   char tail[] = { ']' };
 
   /* check recursive */
-  for(i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(list); i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(list); i++) {
     if (mrb_obj_equal(mrb, ary, RARRAY_PTR(list)[i])) {
       return mrb_str_new(mrb, "[...]", 5);
     }
@@ -117,7 +120,7 @@ inspect_ary(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value ary, mrb_value list)
   arystr = mrb_str_new_capa(mrb, 64);
   mrb_str_cat(mrb, arystr, head, sizeof(head));
 
-  for(i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
     int ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
 
     if (i > 0) {
@@ -146,23 +149,23 @@ of array using `inspect` method, we join them together so that we can
 get `inspect` representation of the entire array.
 
 After the `inspect` representation is created, we no longer require the
-individual string representation.  This means that we don't have to register
+individual string representation. This means that we don't have to register
 these temporal objects into GC arena.
 
 Therefore, in order to keep the arena size small; the `ary_inspect()` function
 will do the following:
 
-* save the position of the stack top using `mrb_gc_arena_save()`.
-* get `inspect` representation of each element.
-* append it to the constructing entire `inspect` representation of array.
-* restore stack top position using `mrb_gc_arena_restore()`.
+- save the position of the stack top using `mrb_gc_arena_save()`.
+- get `inspect` representation of each element.
+- append it to the constructing entire `inspect` representation of array.
+- restore stack top position using `mrb_gc_arena_restore()`.
 
 Please note that the final `inspect` representation of entire array
-was created before the call of `mrb_gc_arena_restore()`.  Otherwise,
+was created before the call of `mrb_gc_arena_restore()`. Otherwise,
 required temporal object may be deleted by GC.
 
 We may have an usecase where after creating many temporal objects, we'd
-like to keep some of them.  In this case, we cannot use the same idea
+like to keep some of them. In this case, we cannot use the same idea
 in `ary_inspect()` like appending objects to existing one.
 Instead, after `mrb_gc_arena_restore()`, we must re-register the objects we
 want to keep in the arena using `mrb_gc_protect(mrb, obj)`.

doc/guides/hier.md

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<!-- summary: About the mruby directory structure -->
+
+# The mruby directory structure
+
+```text
++- 💎 mruby/                    The top directory of mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 .github/              GitHub configuration files for mruby project management.
+    |
+    +- 📁 benchmark/            Benchmarking files for mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 bin/                  Links to temporary executables after build. Auto-created.
+    |
+    +- 📁 build/                Default build output destination for mruby. Auto-created.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 repos/            The git clone destination directory for GEMs that depend on the build configuration.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 host/             The "host" build output directory.
+    |
+    +- 📁 build_config/         Build configuration files for various environments.
+    |
+    +- 📁 doc/                  Documentation for mruby.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 guides/           Documentation for general users.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 internal/         Documentation for internal implementations for developers.
+    |
+    +- 📁 examples/             Examples of mruby usages.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 mrbgems/          Examples for creating custom GEM for mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 include/              C header files required when using mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 lib/                  Ruby scripts used for building mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 mrbgems/              A library collection of features not provided by mruby core only.
+    |   |                       See doc/guides/mrbgems.md file
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 mruby-*/          The directory of each GEMs.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📃 *.gembox          A collection of GEMs grouped by features and purposes.
+    |
+    +- 📁 mrblib/               The core Ruby scripts that makes up the main body of mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 oss-fuzz/             Source code for The fuzzing-test.
+    |                           See https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz
+    |
+    +- 📁 src/                  The core C source code that makes up the main body of mruby.
+    |
+    +- 📁 tasks/                Rake tasks at build-time.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 toolchains/       Definitions for the compiler, linker, archiver, etc. for each toolchain.
+    |
+    +- 📁 test/                 Ruby scripts needed for testing mruby.
+    |   |
+    |   +- 📁 t/                mruby test cases.
+    |
+    +- 📁 tools/                External programs used for the mruby project.
+        |
+        +- 📁 lrama/            LALR parser generator as an alternative to bison.
+                                Import from https://github.com/ruby/lrama
+```

doc/guides/link.md

@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
+<!-- summary: About Linking with `libmruby` -->
+
 # Linking `libmruby` to your application
 
 You have two ways to link `libmruby` to your application.
 
-* using executable gem.
-* using normal compilation process
+- using executable gem.
+- using normal compilation process
 
 ## Executable Gems
 
 If your application is relatively small, `mrbgem` is an easier way to
-create the executable.  By tradition, the gem name start with
+create the executable. By tradition, the gem name start with
 `mruby-bin-`, e.g. `mruby-bin-debugger`.
 
 ### `mrbgem.rake` file
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ end
 ### Source tree structure
 
 The source file for the gem executable should be in
-`<gem-name>/tools/<bin-name>`.  Currently, we support C or C++ source code
+`<gem-name>/tools/<bin-name>`. Currently, we support C or C++ source code
 (`.c`, `.cpp`, `.cxx`, `.cc`) for the executable. Ruby source files are not
 supported. Put the functionality in the different gem and specify dependency to
 it in `mrbgem.rake`.
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ it in `mrbgem.rake`.
 
 The `libmruby` is a normal library so that you can just link it to your
 application. Specify proper compiler options (`-I` etc.) and linker options
-(`-Lmruby` etc.) to compile and link your application. Specify those options in
+(`-lmruby` etc.) to compile and link your application. Specify those options in
 your build script (e.g. `Makefile`).
 
 ### Compiler options
@@ -45,16 +47,16 @@ your build script (e.g. `Makefile`).
 You need to specify compiler options that are compatible to mruby configuration,
 for example:
 
-* `-I` to specify the place for mruby header files
-* `-D` to specify mruby configuration macros
+- `-I` to specify the place for mruby header files
+- `-D` to specify mruby configuration macros
 
 To retrieve compiler options used to build `mruby`, you can use `mruby-config`
 command with following options:
 
-* `--cc`                    compiler name
-* `--cflags`                options passed to compiler
+- `--cc` compiler name
+- `--cflags` options passed to compiler
 
-```
+```console
 $ mruby-config --cflags
 -std=gnu99 -g -O3 -Wall -DMRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA -I/home/matz/work/mruby/include -I/home/matz/work/mruby/build/host/include
 ```
@@ -66,12 +68,12 @@ compatible to mruby configuration.
 
 To retrieve linker options, you can use `mruby-config` with following options:
 
-* `--ld`                    linker name
-* `--ldflags`               options passed to linker
-* `--ldflags-before-libs`   options passed to linker before linked libraries
-* `--libs`                  linked libraries
+- `--ld` linker name
+- `--ldflags` options passed to linker
+- `--ldflags-before-libs` options passed to linker before linked libraries
+- `--libs` linked libraries
 
-```
+```console
 $ mruby-config --ldflags
 -L/home/matz/work/mruby/build/host/lib
 

doc/guides/memory.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<!-- summary: About Memory Allocator Customization -->
+
+# Memory Allocation
+
+There are three methods to customize memory allocation in mruby.
+
+1. Provide your own `realloc()`/`free()`
+2. Redefine `mrb_default_allocf()`
+3. Specify a function with `mrb_open_allocf()`
+
+## Provide your own `realloc()`/`free()`
+
+On some platforms, especially on microcontrollers, the standard library may not provide `malloc()`, `realloc()`, and `free()`. In such cases, it may be necessary to define memory allocation functions for the specific platform. mruby uses `realloc()` and `free()` from the standard C library for memory management. By defining these two functions of your own, you can make mruby work. However, note the following two points:
+
+First, `realloc(NULL, size)` behaves the same as malloc(size). Second, `free(NULL)` exits without doing anything.
+
+## Redefine `mrb_default_allocf()`
+
+The only function in mruby that uses the standard C library's memory allocation functions is `mrb_default_allocf()`, defined in `alloc.c`. By defining this function within your application, you can customize the memory management of your application.
+
+## Specify a function with `mrb_open_allocf()`
+
+If you want to perform different memory management for each `mrb_state` within your application, you can use the `mrb_open_allocf()` function to create the `mrb_state` structure. This allows you to specify a memory allocation function (which is compatible with `mrb_default_allocf`) for each `mrb_state`. Although this scheme is not recommended. It may become obsolete in the future, since I have never seen per mrb_state memory management use-case.

doc/guides/mrbconf.md

@@ -1,209 +1,248 @@
+<!-- summary: About Build-time Configurations -->
+
 # mruby configuration macros
 
+## The configuration file
+
+You can do the build configuration in the build configuration file. The default
+configuration file is `build_config/default.rb`.
+
+You can specify your own configuration file by the `MRUBY_CONFIG` environment
+variable (you can use `CONFIG` for shorthand for `MRUBY_CONFIG`). If the path
+doesn't exist, `build_config/${MRUBY_CONFIG}.rb` is used.
+
 ## How to use these macros
 
-You can use mrbconfs with following ways:
+Just add the configuration value to the `MRuby::Build#defines` attribute.
+This is the same for `MRuby::CrossBuild`.
 
-* Write them in `mrbconf.h`.
-  * Using compiler flags is preferred  when building a cross binaries or multiple mruby binaries
-    since it's easier to use different mrbconf per each `MRuby::Build`.
-  * Most flags can be enabled by just commenting in.
-* Pass them as compiler flags.
-  * Make sure you pass the same flags to all compilers since some mrbconf(e.g., `MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA`)
-    changes `struct` layout and cause memory access error when C and other language(e.g., C++) is mixed.
+```ruby
+# build_config.rb
+
+MRuby::Build.new do |conf|
+  ...
+  conf.defines << 'MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA'
+  conf.defines << 'MRB_NO_METHOD_CACHE'
+  ...
+end
+```
+
+**_NOTE_**
+
+- Use common definitions (`conf.defines`) instead of per-compiler definitions (e.g., `conf.cc.defines`) unless there is a special reason not to.
+- It is now deprecated to edit the `include/mruby/mrbconf.h` file or give it directly as a compiler flag, as was the case before.
 
 ## stdio setting
 
 `MRB_NO_STDIO`
 
-* When defined `<stdio.h>` functions won't be used.
-* Some features will be disabled when this is enabled:
-  * `mrb_irep` load/dump from/to file.
-  * Compiling mruby script from a file.
-  * Printing features in **src/print.c**.
+- When defined `<stdio.h>` functions won't be used.
+- Some features will be disabled when this is enabled:
+  - `mrb_irep` load/dump from/to file.
+  - Compiling mruby script from a file.
+  - Printing features in **src/print.c**.
 
 ## Debug macros
 
 `MRB_USE_DEBUG_HOOK`
 
-* When defined code fetch hook and debug OP hook will be enabled.
-* When using any of the hook set function pointer `code_fetch_hook` and/or `debug_op_hook` of `mrb_state`.
-* Fetch hook will be called before any OP.
-* Debug OP hook will be called when dispatching `OP_DEBUG`.
+- When defined code fetch hook and debug OP hook will be enabled.
+- When using any of the hook set function pointer `code_fetch_hook` and/or `debug_op_hook` of `mrb_state`.
+- Fetch hook will be called before any OP.
+- Debug OP hook will be called when dispatching `OP_DEBUG`.
 
 `MRB_DEBUG`
 
-* When defined `mrb_assert*` macro will be defined with macros from `<assert.h>`.
-* Could be enabled via `enable_debug` method of `MRuby::Build`.
+- When defined `mrb_assert*` macro will be defined with macros from `<assert.h>`.
+- Could be enabled via `enable_debug` method of `MRuby::Build`.
 
 ## Stack configuration
 
 `MRB_STACK_EXTEND_DOUBLING`
 
-* If defined doubles the stack size when extending it.
-* Else extends stack with `MRB_STACK_GROWTH`.
+- If defined doubles the stack size when extending it.
+- Otherwise extends stack with `MRB_STACK_GROWTH`.
 
 `MRB_STACK_GROWTH`
 
-* Default value is `128`.
-* Used in stack extending.
-* Ignored when `MRB_STACK_EXTEND_DOUBLING` is defined.
+- Default value is `128`.
+- Used in stack extending.
+- Ignored when `MRB_STACK_EXTEND_DOUBLING` is defined.
 
 `MRB_STACK_MAX`
 
-* Default value is `0x40000 - MRB_STACK_GROWTH`.
-* Raises `RuntimeError` when stack size exceeds this value.
+- Default value is `0x40000 - MRB_STACK_GROWTH`.
+- Raises `RuntimeError` when stack size exceeds this value.
 
 ## Primitive type configuration
 
 `MRB_USE_FLOAT32`
 
-* When defined single precision floating-point type(C type `float`) is used as `mrb_float`.
-* Otherwise, double precision floating-point type(C type `double`) is used as `mrb_float`.
+- When defined single-precision floating-point type(C type `float`) is used as `mrb_float`.
+- Otherwise, double-precision floating-point type(C type `double`) is used as `mrb_float`.
 
 `MRB_NO_FLOAT`
 
-* When defined removes floating-point numbers from mruby.
-* It makes mruby easier to handle in "Microcontroller without FPU" and "Kernel Space".
+- When defined removes floating-point numbers from mruby.
+- It makes mruby easier to handle in "Micro-controller without FPU" and "Kernel Space".
 
 `MRB_INT32`
 
-* When defined, or `MRB_INT64` are not defined on 32-bit CPU mode, `mrb_int` will be defined as `int32_t`.
-* Conflicts with `MRB_INT64`.
+- When defined, or `MRB_INT64` are not defined on 32-bit CPU mode, `mrb_int` will be defined as `int32_t`.
+- Conflicts with `MRB_INT64`.
 
 `MRB_INT64`
 
-* When defined, or `MRB_INT32` are not defined on 64-bit CPU mode, `mrb_int` will be defined as `int64_t`.
-* Conflicts with `MRB_INT32`.
+- When defined, or `MRB_INT32` are not defined on 64-bit CPU mode, `mrb_int` will be defined as `int64_t`.
+- Conflicts with `MRB_INT32`.
 
 ## Garbage collector configuration
 
 `MRB_GC_STRESS`
 
-* When defined full GC is emitted per each `RBasic` allocation.
-* Mainly used in memory manager debugging.
+- When defined full GC is emitted per each `RBasic` allocation.
+- Mainly used in memory manager debugging.
+- If defined at the same time as `MRB_DEBUG`, full GC is emitted also per each heap allocation (`mrb_malloc()` or etc.).
+  This configuration slows down mruby execution by a factor of 2 to 3 or even more.
 
 `MRB_GC_TURN_OFF_GENERATIONAL`
 
-* When defined turns generational GC by default.
+- When defined turns generational GC off by default.
 
 `MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA`
 
-* When defined used fixed size GC arena.
-* Raises `RuntimeError` when this is defined and GC arena size exceeds `MRB_GC_ARENA_SIZE`.
-* Useful tracking unnecessary mruby object allocation.
+- When defined used fixed size GC arena.
+- Raises `RuntimeError` when this is defined and GC arena size exceeds `MRB_GC_ARENA_SIZE`.
+- Useful tracking unnecessary mruby object allocation.
 
 `MRB_GC_ARENA_SIZE`
 
-* Default value is `100`.
-* Ignored when `MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA` isn't defined.
-* Defines fixed GC arena size.
+- Default value is `100`.
+- Ignored when `MRB_GC_FIXED_ARENA` isn't defined.
+- Defines fixed GC arena size.
 
 `MRB_HEAP_PAGE_SIZE`
 
-* Defines value is `1024`.
-* Specifies number of `RBasic` per each heap page.
+- Default value is `1024`.
+- Specifies number of `RBasic` per each heap page.
+- To calculate the number of bytes per heap page, it is "(size of management data per heap page) + (size per object) \* `MRB_HEAP_PAGE_SIZE`".
+  In mruby 3.1.0, the "size of management data per heap page" is 6 words, also "size per object" is 6 words.
+  For a 32-bit CPU, `(6 * 4) + (6 * 4) * MRB_HEAP_PAGE_SIZE` gives the bytes of size per heap page.
+  Conversely, for example, to keep the size per heap page to 4 Ki bytes,
+  calculate `(4096 - (6 * 4)) / (6 * 4)` to specify `MRB_HEAP_PAGE_SIZE=169`.
 
 ## Memory pool configuration
 
 `POOL_ALIGNMENT`
 
-* Default value is `4`.
-* If you're allocating data types that requires alignment more than default value define the
-largest value of required alignment.
+- Default value is `4`.
+- If you're allocating data types that requires alignment more than default value define the
+  largest value of required alignment.
 
 `POOL_PAGE_SIZE`
 
-* Default value is `16000`.
-* Specifies page size of pool page.
-* Smaller the value is increases memory overhead.
+- Default value is `16000`.
+- Specifies page size of pool page.
+- Smaller the value is increases memory overhead.
 
 ## State atexit configuration
 
 `MRB_FIXED_STATE_ATEXIT_STACK`
 
-* If defined enables fixed size `mrb_state` atexit stack.
-* Raises `RuntimeError` when `mrb_state_atexit` call count to same `mrb_state` exceeds
-`MRB_FIXED_STATE_ATEXIT_STACK_SIZE`'s value.
+- If defined enables fixed size `mrb_state` atexit stack.
+- Raises `RuntimeError` when `mrb_state_atexit` call count to same `mrb_state` exceeds
+  `MRB_FIXED_STATE_ATEXIT_STACK_SIZE`'s value.
 
 `MRB_FIXED_STATE_ATEXIT_STACK_SIZE`
 
-* Default value is `5`.
-* If `MRB_FIXED_STATE_ATEXIT_STACK` isn't defined this macro is ignored.
+- Default value is `5`.
+- If `MRB_FIXED_STATE_ATEXIT_STACK` isn't defined this macro is ignored.
 
 ## `mrb_value` configuration
 
 `MRB_ENDIAN_BIG`
 
-* If defined compiles mruby for big endian machines.
-* Used in `MRB_NAN_BOXING`.
-* Some mrbgem use this mrbconf.
+- If defined compiles mruby for big endian machines.
+- Used in `MRB_NAN_BOXING`.
+- Some mrbgem use this mrbconf.
 
 `MRB_NAN_BOXING`
 
-* If defined represent `mrb_value` in boxed `double`.
-* Conflicts with `MRB_USE_FLOAT32` and `MRB_NO_FLOAT`.
+- If defined represent `mrb_value` in boxed `double`.
+- Conflicts with `MRB_USE_FLOAT32` and `MRB_NO_FLOAT`.
 
 `MRB_WORD_BOXING`
 
-* If defined represent `mrb_value` as a word.
-* If defined `Float` will be a mruby object with `RBasic`.
+- If defined represent `mrb_value` as a word.
+- If defined `Float` will be a mruby object with `RBasic`.
 
 ## Reduce heap memory configuration
 
 `MRB_USE_ETEXT_RO_DATA_P`
 
-* Use `etext` and `edata` section addresses defined by the linker to detect read-only data.
-* Those addresses are widely available, but not portable, nor standardized.
-* This macro is defined by default on User-mode Linux.
+- Use `etext` and `edata` section addresses defined by the linker to detect read-only data.
+- Those addresses are widely available, but not portable, nor standardized.
+- This macro is defined by default on User-mode Linux.
 
 `MRB_NO_DEFAULT_RO_DATA_P`
 
-* Define this macro when the default `mrb_ro_data_p()` does not work for any reason.
+- Define this macro when the default `mrb_ro_data_p()` does not work for any reason.
 
 `MRB_USE_CUSTOM_RO_DATA_P`
 
-* Please try if `MRB_USE_LINK_TIME_RO_DATA_P` is not available.
-* The `mrb_ro_data_p()` function is implemented by the user in an arbitrary file.
-* The prototype declaration is `mrb_bool mrb_ro_data_p(const char *ptr)`.
-* Return `TRUE` if `ptr` is in the read-only section, otherwise return `FALSE`.
+- Please try if `MRB_USE_LINK_TIME_RO_DATA_P` is not available.
+- The `mrb_ro_data_p()` function is implemented by the user in an arbitrary file.
+- The prototype declaration is `mrb_bool mrb_ro_data_p(const char *ptr)`.
+- Return `TRUE` if `ptr` is in the read-only section, otherwise return `FALSE`.
 
 ## Other configuration
 
+`MRB_MALLOC_TRIM`
+
+- call `malloc_trim(0)` for each `mrb_full_gc()` call
+
 `MRB_UTF8_STRING`
 
-* Adds UTF-8 encoding support to character-oriented String instance methods.
-* If it isn't defined, they only support the US-ASCII encoding.
+- Adds UTF-8 encoding support to character-oriented String instance methods.
+- If it isn't defined, they only support the US-ASCII encoding.
+
+`MRB_STR_LENGTH_MAX`
+
+- The maximum length of strings (default 1MB)
+- set this value to zero to skip the check
+
+`MRB_ARY_LENGTH_MAX`
+
+- The maximum length of arrays (default 1MB)
+- set this value to zero to skip the check
 
 `MRB_FUNCALL_ARGC_MAX`
 
-* Default value is `16`.
-* Specifies 4th argument(`argc`) max value of `mrb_funcall`.
-* Raises `ArgumentError` when the `argc` argument is bigger then this value `mrb_funcall`.
+- Default value is `16`.
+- Specifies 4th argument(`argc`) max value of `mrb_funcall`.
+- Raises `ArgumentError` when the `argc` argument is bigger then this value `mrb_funcall`.
 
 `KHASH_DEFAULT_SIZE`
 
-* Default value is `32`.
-* Specifies default size of khash table bucket.
-* Used in `kh_init_ ## name` function.
+- Default value is `32`.
+- Specifies default size of khash table bucket.
+- Used in `kh_init_ ## name` function.
 
 `MRB_NO_METHOD_CACHE`
 
-* Disable method cache to save memory.
+- Disable method cache to save memory.
 
 `MRB_METHOD_CACHE_SIZE`
 
-* Default value is `256`.
-* Ignored if `MRB_NO_METHOD_CACHE` is defined.
-* Need to be the power of 2.
-
-`MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT`
-
-* Use C struct to represent `mrb_method_t`
-* No `MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT` requires highest 2 bits of function pointers to be zero
-* Define this macro on machines that use higher bits of pointers
+- Default value is `256`.
+- Ignored if `MRB_NO_METHOD_CACHE` is defined.
+- Need to be the power of 2.
 
 `MRB_USE_ALL_SYMBOLS`
 
-* Make it available `Symbol.all_symbols` in `mrbgems/mruby-symbol-ext`
-* Increase heap memory usage.
+- Make it available `Symbol.all_symbols` in `mrbgems/mruby-symbol-ext`
+- Increase heap memory usage.
+
+`MRB_USE_VM_SWITCH_DISPATCH`
+
+- Turn on switch dispatch in VM loop

doc/guides/mrbgems.md

@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Build-time Library Manager -->
+
 # mrbgems
 
-mrbgems is a library manager to integrate C and Ruby extension in an easy and
+mrbgems is a library manager to integrate C and Ruby extensions in an easy and
 standardised way into mruby. Conventionally, each mrbgem name is prefixed by
 `mruby-`, e.g. `mruby-time` for a gem that provides `Time` class functionality.
 
 ## Usage
 
-You have to activate mrbgems explicitly in your build configuration.  To add
+You have to activate mrbgems explicitly in your build configuration. To add
 a gem, add the following line to your build configuration file, for example:
 
 ```ruby
@@ -21,9 +23,9 @@ conf.gem 'examples/mrbgems/ruby_extension_example'
 
 In that case,
 
-* if your build configuration file is in the `build_config` directory, it's
+- if your build configuration file is in the `build_config` directory, it's
   relative from `MRUBY_ROOT`.
-* otherwise, it is relative from the directory where your build configuration is.
+- otherwise, it is relative from the directory where your build configuration is.
 
 A remote GIT repository location for a GEM is also supported:
 
@@ -33,6 +35,9 @@ conf.gem :github => 'masuidrive/mrbgems-example', :branch => 'master'
 conf.gem :bitbucket => 'mruby/mrbgems-example', :branch => 'master'
 ```
 
+NOTE: `:bitbucket` option supports only git. Hg is unsupported in this
+version.
+
 You can specify the subdirectory of the repository with `:path` option:
 
 ```ruby
@@ -55,19 +60,63 @@ conf.gem mgem: 'mruby-redis', checksum_hash: '3446d19fc4a3f9697b5ddbf2a904f301c4
 If there are missing dependencies, mrbgem dependencies solver will reference
 mrbgem from the core or mgem-list.
 
-To pull all gems from remote GIT repository on build, call `rake -p`,
-or `rake --pull-gems`.
+Note that if more than one git-based gem has the same base name
+(i.e. the default checkout directory name), it is (now) an error
+**UNLESS** they have the same repository URL, branch name and
+commit-id (i.e. checksum hash). You can bypass this by explicitly
+importing your preferred version **first** and setting the
+`canonical:` option to `true`:
 
-NOTE: `:bitbucket` option supports only git. Hg is unsupported in this version.
+```ruby
+conf.gem github: 'me/mruby-yaml', branch: 'my-hacked-branch', canonical: true
+```
+
+If you do this, the system will (mostly) silently ignore other
+attempts to clone a gem with this name.
+
+Note that this only affects cloning the gem from git. It does not
+resolve version conflicts. If the version as specified in the gem's
+rakefile is incompatible with a dependency, your build will still
+fail.
+
+### Tweak the gem in your build configuration file
+
+You can give blocks in the `conf.gem` call to make adjustments for
+environments where the original gem does not expect them:
+
+```ruby
+conf.gem core: "mruby-bin-mirb" do |g|
+  # For cross build to NetBSD
+  g.linker.libraries = %w(edit termcap)
+end
+```
+
+However, it should be used with caution, as it may deviate from the intent
+of the gem's author.
+
+### Gem Testing
+
+If you enable unit tests in your build with `enable_test`, tests will be
+generated for all gems and their dependencies by default. If necessary, it is
+possible to suppress tests for a specific gem like so:
+
+```ruby
+conf.gem 'mruby-noisygem' do |g|
+  g.skip_test = true
+end
+```
+
+However, it is considered best practice to leave all tests enabled whenever
+possible. A warning message will be generated for each gem with disabled tests.
 
 ## GemBox
 
 There are instances when you wish to add a collection of mrbgems into mruby at
 once, or be able to substitute mrbgems based on configuration, without having to
-add each gem to your build configuration file.  A packaged collection of mrbgems
-is called a GemBox.  A GemBox is a file that contains a list of mrbgems to load
+add each gem to your build configuration file. A packaged collection of mrbgems
+is called a GemBox. A GemBox is a file that contains a list of mrbgems to load
 into mruby, in the same format as if you were adding them to the build config
-via `config.gem`, but wrapped in an `MRuby::GemBox` object.  GemBoxes are
+via `config.gem`, but wrapped in an `MRuby::GemBox` object. GemBoxes are
 loaded into mruby via `config.gembox 'boxname'`.
 
 Below we have created a GemBox containing `mruby-time` and `mrbgems-example`:
@@ -79,7 +128,7 @@ MRuby::GemBox.new do |conf|
 end
 ```
 
-As mentioned, the GemBox uses the same conventions as `MRuby::Build`.  The GemBox
+As mentioned, the GemBox uses the same conventions as `MRuby::Build`. The GemBox
 must be saved with a `.gembox` extension inside the `mrbgems` directory to be
 picked up by mruby.
 
@@ -94,7 +143,7 @@ conf.gembox 'custom'
 This will cause the `custom` GemBox to be read in during the build process,
 adding `mruby-time` and `mrbgems-example` to the build.
 
-If you want, you can put GemBox outside of mruby directory. In that case you must
+If you want, you can put GemBox outside the mruby directory. In that case you must
 specify an absolute path like below.
 
 ```ruby
@@ -128,9 +177,9 @@ The maximal GEM structure looks like this:
     +- test/            <- Test code (Ruby)
 ```
 
-The folder `mrblib` contains pure Ruby files to extend mruby. The folder `src`
-contains C/C++ files to extend mruby. The folder `include` contains C/C++ header
-files. The folder `test` contains C/C++ and pure Ruby files for testing purposes
+The `mrblib` directory contains pure Ruby files to extend mruby. The `src` directory
+contains C/C++ files to extend mruby. The `include` directory contains C/C++ header
+files. The `test` directory contains C/C++ and pure Ruby files for testing purposes
 which will be used by `mrbtest`. `mrbgem.rake` contains the specification
 to compile C and Ruby files. `README.md` is a short description of your GEM.
 
@@ -143,7 +192,7 @@ GEM directory. A typical GEM specification could look like this for example:
 MRuby::Gem::Specification.new('c_and_ruby_extension_example') do |spec|
   spec.license = 'MIT'
   spec.author  = 'mruby developers'
-  spec.summary = 'Example mrbgem using C and ruby'
+  spec.summary = 'Example mrbgem using C and Ruby'
 end
 ```
 
@@ -154,15 +203,15 @@ the GEM functionality to tools like `mruby` and `mirb`.
 The following properties can be set inside your `MRuby::Gem::Specification` for
 information purpose:
 
-* `spec.license` or `spec.licenses` (A single license or a list of them under which this GEM is licensed)
-* `spec.author` or `spec.authors` (Developer name or a list of them)
-* `spec.version` (Current version)
-* `spec.description` (Detailed description)
-* `spec.summary`
-  * One line short description of mrbgem.
-  * Printed in build summary of rake when set.
-* `spec.homepage` (Homepage)
-* `spec.requirements` (External requirements as information for user)
+- `spec.license` or `spec.licenses` (A single license or a list of them under which this GEM is licensed)
+- `spec.author` or `spec.authors` (Developer name or a list of them)
+- `spec.version` (Current version)
+- `spec.description` (Detailed description)
+- `spec.summary`
+  - One line short description of mrbgem.
+  - Printed in build summary of rake when set.
+- `spec.homepage` (Homepage)
+- `spec.requirements` (External requirements as information for user)
 
 The `license` and `author` properties are required in every GEM!
 
@@ -193,15 +242,15 @@ The version requirements and default gem information are optional.
 
 Version requirement supports following operators:
 
-* '=': is equal
-* '!=': is not equal
-* '>': is greater
-* '<': is lesser
-* '>=': is equal or greater
-* '<=': is equal or lesser
-* '~>': is equal or greater and is lesser than the next major version
-  * example 1: '~> 2.2.2' means '>= 2.2.2' and '< 2.3.0'
-  * example 2: '~> 2.2'   means '>= 2.2.0' and '< 3.0.0'
+- '=': is equal
+- '!=': is not equal
+- '>': is greater
+- '<': is lesser
+- '>=': is equal or greater
+- '<=': is equal or lesser
+- '~>': is equal or greater and is lesser than the next major version
+  - example 1: '~> 2.2.2' means '>= 2.2.2' and '< 2.3.0'
+  - example 2: '~> 2.2' means '>= 2.2.0' and '< 3.0.0'
 
 When more than one version requirements is passed, the dependency must satisfy all of it.
 
@@ -214,8 +263,8 @@ use `MRuby::Build#gem` in the build configuration to override default gem.
 
 If you have conflicting GEMs use the following method:
 
-* `spec.add_conflict(gem, *requirements)`
-  * The `requirements` argument is same as in `add_dependency` method.
+- `spec.add_conflict(gem, *requirements)`
+  - The `requirements` argument is same as in `add_dependency` method.
 
 like following code:
 
@@ -234,18 +283,18 @@ end
 In case your GEM has more complex build requirements you can use
 the following options additionally inside your GEM specification:
 
-* `spec.cc.flags` (C compiler flags)
-* `spec.cc.defines` (C compiler defines)
-* `spec.cc.include_paths` (C compiler include paths)
-* `spec.linker.flags` (Linker flags)
-* `spec.linker.libraries` (Linker libraries)
-* `spec.linker.library_paths` (Linker additional library path)
-* `spec.bins` (Generate binary file)
-* `spec.rbfiles` (Ruby files to compile)
-* `spec.objs` (Object files to compile)
-* `spec.test_rbfiles` (Ruby test files for integration into mrbtest)
-* `spec.test_objs` (Object test files for integration into mrbtest)
-* `spec.test_preload` (Initialization files for mrbtest)
+- `spec.cc.flags` (C compiler flags)
+- `spec.cc.defines` (C compiler defines)
+- `spec.cc.include_paths` (C compiler include paths)
+- `spec.linker.flags` (Linker flags)
+- `spec.linker.libraries` (Linker libraries)
+- `spec.linker.library_paths` (Linker additional library path)
+- `spec.bins` (Generate binary file)
+- `spec.rbfiles` (Ruby files to compile)
+- `spec.objs` (Object files to compile)
+- `spec.test_rbfiles` (Ruby test files for integration into mrbtest)
+- `spec.test_objs` (Object test files for integration into mrbtest)
+- `spec.test_preload` (Initialization files for mrbtest)
 
 You also can use `spec.mruby.cc` and `spec.mruby.linker` to add extra global parameters for the compiler and linker.
 
@@ -317,7 +366,7 @@ mrb_c_extension_example_gem_final(mrb_state* mrb) {
 
 mruby can be extended with pure Ruby. It is possible to override existing
 classes or add new ones in this way. Put all Ruby files into the `mrblib`
-folder.
+directory.
 
 ### Pre-Conditions
 
@@ -345,11 +394,11 @@ none
 
 mruby can be extended with C and Ruby at the same time. It is possible to
 override existing classes or add new ones in this way. Put all Ruby files
-into the `mrblib` folder and all C files into the `src` folder.
+into the `mrblib` directory and all C files into the `src` directory.
 
 mruby codes under `mrblib` directory would be executed after gem init C
-function is called. Make sure *mruby script* depends on *C code* and
-*C code* doesn't depend on *mruby script*.
+function is called. Make sure _mruby script_ depends on _C code_ and
+_C code_ doesn't depend on _mruby script_.
 
 ### Pre-Conditions
 
@@ -380,7 +429,7 @@ See C and Ruby example.
 ## Binary gems
 
 Some gems can generate executables under `bin` directory. Those gems are called
-binary gems.  Names of binary gems are conventionally prefixed by `mruby-bin`,
+binary gems. Names of binary gems are conventionally prefixed by `mruby-bin`,
 e.g. `mruby-bin-mirb` and `mruby-bin-strip`.
 
 To specify the name of executable, you need to specify `spec.bins` in the
@@ -397,21 +446,21 @@ binary gems, to separate normal gems and binary gems.
 ```
 +- mruby-bin-example/
     |
-    +- README.md        (Optional)
+    +- README.md          (Optional)
     |
     +- bintest/
     |   |
-    |   +- example.rb   <- Test code for binary gem
+    |   +- example.rb     <- Test code for binary gem
     |
-    +- mrbgem.rake      <- Gem specification
+    +- mrbgem.rake        <- Gem specification
     |
-    +- mrblib/          <- Source for Ruby extension (Optional)
+    +- mrblib/            <- Source for Ruby extension (Optional)
     |
-    +- src/             <- Source for C extension (Optional)
+    +- src/               <- Source for C extension (Optional)
     |
     +- tools/
         |
-        +- example/     <- Executable name directory
-        |
-        +- example.c    <- Source for Executable (includes main)
+        +- example/       <- Executable name directory
+            |
+            +- example.c  <- Source for Executable (includes main)
 ```

doc/guides/symbol.md

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Symbols -->
+
 # Symbols
 
 Symbols in `mruby` C source code is represented by `mrb_sym` which is alias of
-`uint32_t`.  Lower 30 bits are used for symbols so that higher 2 bits can be
+`uint32_t`. Lower 30 bits are used for symbols so that higher 2 bits can be
 used as flags, e.g. `struct mt_elem` in `class.c`.
 
 ```c
@@ -57,13 +59,14 @@ To save RAM, `mruby` can use compile-time allocation of some symbols. You can
 use following macros to get preallocated symbols by including `mruby/presym.h`
 header.
 
-* `MRB_SYM(xor)`    //=> xor    (Word characters)
-* `MRB_SYM_B(xor)`  //=> xor!   (Method with Bang)
-* `MRB_SYM_Q(xor)`  //=> xor?   (Method with Question mark)
-* `MRB_SYM_E(xor)`  //=> xor=   (Method with Equal)
-* `MRB_CVSYM(xor)`  //=> @@xor  (Class Variable)
-* `MRB_IVSYM(xor)`  //=> @xor   (Instance Variable)
-* `MRB_OPSYM(xor)`  //=> ^      (Operator)
+- `MRB_SYM(xor)` //=> xor (Word characters)
+- `MRB_SYM_B(xor)` //=> xor! (Method with Bang)
+- `MRB_SYM_Q(xor)` //=> xor? (Method with Question mark)
+- `MRB_SYM_E(xor)` //=> xor= (Method with Equal)
+- `MRB_GVSYM(xor)` //=> $xor (Global Variable)
+- `MRB_CVSYM(xor)` //=> @@xor (Class Variable)
+- `MRB_IVSYM(xor)` //=> @xor (Instance Variable)
+- `MRB_OPSYM(xor)` //=> ^ (Operator)
 
 For `MRB_OPSYM()`, specify the names corresponding to operators (see
 `MRuby::Presym::OPERATORS` in `lib/mruby/presym.rb` for the names that
@@ -71,9 +74,9 @@ can be specified for it). Other than that, describe only word characters
 excluding leading and ending punctuations.
 
 These macros are converted to static symbol IDs at compile time, unless
-preallocate symbols are disabled by  `conf.disable_presym`. In that case,
+preallocate symbols are disabled by `conf.disable_presym`. In that case,
 these macros are expanded to `mrb_intern_lit` calls, therefore the mruby state
-variable is required. The above macros assume the variable name is `mrb`.  If
+variable is required. The above macros assume the variable name is `mrb`. If
 its name is not `mrb`, you need to use macros with `_2` suffix, such as
 `MRB_SYM_2` to specify `mrb_state*` variable.
 

doc/internal/boxing.md

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+<!-- summary: About Value Boxing -->
+
 # Boxing
 
 The mruby objects and data are represented by C data type `mrb_value`. There are three options how to pack the data values in the `mrb_value`.
 
-* Word Boxing
-* NaN Boxing
-* No Boxing
+- Word Boxing
+- NaN Boxing
+- No Boxing
 
 ## Word Boxing
 
@@ -14,38 +16,38 @@ Some values (called immediate values, e.g. integers, booleans, symbols, etc.) ar
 
 The Word boxing packing bit patterns are like following:
 
-| Types  | Bit Pattern                         |
-|--------|-------------------------------------|
-| object | xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx000 |
-| fixnum | xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx1 |
-| nil    | 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 |
-| true   | 00000000 00000000 00000000 00001100 |
-| false  | 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000100 |
-| undef  | 00000000 00000000 00000000 00010100 |
-| symbol | xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx10 |
+| Types  | Bit Pattern                           |
+| ------ | ------------------------------------- |
+| object | `xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx000` |
+| fixnum | `xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx1` |
+| nil    | `00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000` |
+| true   | `00000000 00000000 00000000 00001100` |
+| false  | `00000000 00000000 00000000 00000100` |
+| undef  | `00000000 00000000 00000000 00010100` |
+| symbol | `xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx10` |
 
-On 64 bit platform (unless `MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE`), float values are also packed in the `mrb_value`. In that case, we drop least significant 2 bits from mantissa.
-If you need full precision for floating point numbers, define `MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE`.
+On 64-bit platforms (unless `MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE`), float values are also packed in the `mrb_value`. In that case, we drop least significant 2 bits from mantissa.
+If you need full precision for floating-point numbers, define `MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE`.
 
 ## NaN Boxing
 
-NaN boxing packs the Ruby data in a floating point numbers, which represent NaN (Not a Number) values. Under IEEE753 definitions every value that exponent is all set are considered as NaN. That means NaN can represent `2^51` values. NaN boxing is a teaching to pack the values in those NaN representation. In theory, 64 bits pointers are too big to fit in NaN, but practically most OS uses only 48 bits at most for pointers (except for some OS e.g. Solaris).
+NaN boxing packs the Ruby data in a floating-point numbers, which represent NaN (Not a Number) values. Under IEEE753 definitions every value that exponent is all set are considered as NaN. That means NaN can represent `2^51` values. NaN boxing is a teaching to pack the values in those NaN representation. In theory, 64-bit pointers are too big to fit in NaN, but practically most OS use only 48 bits at most for pointers (except for some OS e.g. Solaris).
 
 The NaN boxing packing bit patterns are like following:
 
-| Types  | Bit Pattern                                                             |
-|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| float  | SEEEEEEE EEEEFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF |
-| +/-inf | S1111111 11110000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 |
-| nan    | 01111111 11111000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 |
-| fixnum | 01111111 11111001 00000000 00000000 IIIIIIII IIIIIIII IIIIIIII IIIIIIII |
-| symbol | 01111111 11111110 00000000 00000000 SSSSSSSS SSSSSSSS SSSSSSSS SSSSSSSS |
-| misc   | 01111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00TTTTTT 0000MMMM |
-| object | 01111111 11111100 PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPP00 |
-| ptr    | 01111111 11111100 PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPP01 |
-| nil    | 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 |
+| Types  | Bit Pattern                                                               |
+| ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| float  | `SEEEEEEE EEEEFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF` |
+| +/-inf | `S1111111 11110000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000` |
+| nan    | `01111111 11111000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000` |
+| fixnum | `01111111 11111001 00000000 00000000 IIIIIIII IIIIIIII IIIIIIII IIIIIIII` |
+| symbol | `01111111 11111110 00000000 00000000 SSSSSSSS SSSSSSSS SSSSSSSS SSSSSSSS` |
+| misc   | `01111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00TTTTTT 0000MMMM` |
+| object | `01111111 11111100 PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPP00` |
+| ptr    | `01111111 11111100 PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPPPP01` |
+| nil    | `00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000` |
 
-The object values appear far more frequently than floating point numbers, so we offset the value so that object pointers are unchanged. This technique is called "favor pointer"".
+The object values appear far more frequently than floating-point numbers, so we offset the value so that object pointers are unchanged. This technique is called "favor pointer".
 
 ## No Boxing
 

doc/internal/opcode.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About mruby Virtual Machine Instructions -->
+
 # The new bytecode
 
 We will reimplement the VM to use 8bit instruction code. By
@@ -7,122 +9,130 @@ reducing the memory consumption of mruby VM.
 # Instructions
 
 Instructions are bytes. There can be 256 instructions. Currently, we
-have 94 instructions. Instructions can take 0 to 3 operands.
+have 106 instructions. Instructions can take 0 to 3 operands.
 
 ## operands
 
 The size of operands can be either 8bits, 16bits or 24bits.
-In the table.1 below, the second field describes the size (and
-sign) of operands.
+In the table.1 below, the third field describes the size
+of operands.
 
-* B: 8bit
-* S: 16bit
-* sS: signed 16bit
-* W: 24bit
+- B: 8bit
+- S: 16bit
+- W: 24bit
+
+If the first and second operands are of type `B` (8bits), they may be
+extended to 16bits by the operand extension instruction immediately
+preceding them.
+See also `OP_EXT1`, `OP_EXT2` and `OP_EXT3`.
 
 ## table.1 Instruction Table
 
-| Instruction Name | Operand type | Semantics                                                |
-|------------------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
-| `OP_NOP`         | `-`          | `no operation`                                           |
-| `OP_MOVE`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(b)`                                            |
-| `OP_LOADL`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = Pool(b)`                                         |
-| `OP_LOADI`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = mrb_int(b)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADINEG`    | `BB`         | `R(a) = mrb_int(-b)`                                     |
-| `OP_LOADI__1`    | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(-1)`                                     |
-| `OP_LOADI_0`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(0)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADI_1`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(1)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADI_2`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(2)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADI_3`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(3)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADI_4`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(4)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADI_5`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(5)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADI_6`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(6)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADI_7`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(7)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADI16`     | `BS`         | `R(a) = mrb_int(b)`                                      |
-| `OP_LOADI32`     | `BSS`        | `R(a) = mrb_int((b<<16)+c)`                              |
-| `OP_LOADSYM`     | `BB`         | `R(a) = Syms(b)`                                         |
-| `OP_LOADNIL`     | `B`          | `R(a) = nil`                                             |
-| `OP_LOADSELF`    | `B`          | `R(a) = self`                                            |
-| `OP_LOADT`       | `B`          | `R(a) = true`                                            |
-| `OP_LOADF`       | `B`          | `R(a) = false`                                           |
-| `OP_GETGV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = getglobal(Syms(b))`                              |
-| `OP_SETGV`       | `BB`         | `setglobal(Syms(b), R(a))`                               |
-| `OP_GETSV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = Special[Syms(b)]`                                |
-| `OP_SETSV`       | `BB`         | `Special[Syms(b)] = R(a)`                                |
-| `OP_GETIV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = ivget(Syms(b))`                                  |
-| `OP_SETIV`       | `BB`         | `ivset(Syms(b),R(a))`                                    |
-| `OP_GETCV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = cvget(Syms(b))`                                  |
-| `OP_SETCV`       | `BB`         | `cvset(Syms(b),R(a))`                                    |
-| `OP_GETCONST`    | `BB`         | `R(a) = constget(Syms(b))`                               |
-| `OP_SETCONST`    | `BB`         | `constset(Syms(b),R(a))`                                 |
-| `OP_GETMCNST`    | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(a)::Syms(b)`                                   |
-| `OP_SETMCNST`    | `BB`         | `R(a+1)::Syms(b) = R(a)`                                 |
-| `OP_GETUPVAR`    | `BBB`        | `R(a) = uvget(b,c)`                                      |
-| `OP_SETUPVAR`    | `BBB`        | `uvset(b,c,R(a))`                                        |
-| `OP_JMP`         | `S`          | `pc+=a`                                                  |
-| `OP_JMPIF`       | `BS`         | `if R(a) pc+=b`                                          |
-| `OP_JMPNOT`      | `BS`         | `if !R(a) pc+=b`                                         |
-| `OP_JMPNIL`      | `BS`         | `if R(a)==nil pc+=b`                                     |
-| `OP_JMPUW`       | `S`          | `unwind_and_jump_to(a)`                                  |
-| `OP_EXCEPT`      | `B`          | `R(a) = exc`                                             |
-| `OP_RESCUE`      | `BB`         | `R(b) = R(a).isa?(R(b))`                                 |
-| `OP_RAISEIF`     | `B`          | `raise(R(a)) if R(a)`                                    |
-| `OP_SEND`        | `BBB`        | `R(a) = call(R(a),Syms(b),R(a+1),...,R(a+c))`            |
-| `OP_SENDB`       | `BBB`        | `R(a) = call(R(a),Syms(b),R(a+1),...,R(a+c),&R(a+c+1))`  |
-| `OP_CALL`        | `-`          | `R(0) = self.call(frame.argc, frame.argv)`               |
-| `OP_SUPER`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = super(R(a+1),... ,R(a+b+1))`                     |
-| `OP_ARGARY`      | `BS`         | `R(a) = argument array (16=m5:r1:m5:d1:lv4)`             |
-| `OP_ENTER`       | `W`          | `arg setup according to flags (23=m5:o5:r1:m5:k5:d1:b1)` |
-| `OP_KEY_P`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = kdict.key?(Syms(b))`                             |
-| `OP_KEYEND`      | `-`          | `raise unless kdict.empty?`                              |
-| `OP_KARG`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = kdict[Syms(b)]; kdict.delete(Syms(b))`           |
-| `OP_RETURN`      | `B`          | `return R(a) (normal)`                                   |
-| `OP_RETURN_BLK`  | `B`          | `return R(a) (in-block return)`                          |
-| `OP_BREAK`       | `B`          | `break R(a)`                                             |
-| `OP_BLKPUSH`     | `BS`         | `R(a) = block (16=m5:r1:m5:d1:lv4)`                      |
-| `OP_ADD`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)+R(a+1)`                                     |
-| `OP_ADDI`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(a)+mrb_int(b)`                                 |
-| `OP_SUB`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)-R(a+1)`                                     |
-| `OP_SUBI`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(a)-mrb_int(b)`                                 |
-| `OP_MUL`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)*R(a+1)`                                     |
-| `OP_DIV`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)/R(a+1)`                                     |
-| `OP_EQ`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)==R(a+1)`                                    |
-| `OP_LT`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)<R(a+1)`                                     |
-| `OP_LE`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)<=R(a+1)`                                    |
-| `OP_GT`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)>R(a+1)`                                     |
-| `OP_GE`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)>=R(a+1)`                                    |
-| `OP_ARRAY`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = ary_new(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b))`                    |
-| `OP_ARRAY2`      | `BBB`        | `R(a) = ary_new(R(b),R(b+1)..R(b+c))`                    |
-| `OP_ARYCAT`      | `B`          | `ary_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`                                   |
-| `OP_ARYPUSH`     | `BB`         | `ary_push(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b))`                          |
-| `OP_ARYDUP`      | `B`          | `R(a) = ary_dup(R(a))`                                   |
-| `OP_AREF`        | `BBB`        | `R(a) = R(b)[c]`                                         |
-| `OP_ASET`        | `BBB`        | `R(b)[c] = R(a)`                                         |
-| `OP_APOST`       | `BBB`        | `*R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+c) = R(a)[b..]`                       |
-| `OP_INTERN`      | `B`          | `R(a) = intern(R(a))`                                    |
-| `OP_STRING`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = str_dup(Pool(b))`                                |
-| `OP_STRCAT`      | `B`          | `str_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`                                   |
-| `OP_HASH`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = hash_new(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b*2-1))`               |
-| `OP_HASHADD`     | `BB`         | `hash_push(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b*2))`                       |
-| `OP_HASHCAT`     | `B`          | `R(a) = hash_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`                           |
-| `OP_LAMBDA`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_LAMBDA)`                     |
-| `OP_BLOCK`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_BLOCK)`                      |
-| `OP_METHOD`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_METHOD)`                     |
-| `OP_RANGE_INC`   | `B`          | `R(a) = range_new(R(a),R(a+1),FALSE)`                    |
-| `OP_RANGE_EXC`   | `B`          | `R(a) = range_new(R(a),R(a+1),TRUE)`                     |
-| `OP_OCLASS`      | `B`          | `R(a) = ::Object`                                        |
-| `OP_CLASS`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = newclass(R(a),Syms(b),R(a+1))`                   |
-| `OP_MODULE`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = newmodule(R(a),Syms(b))`                         |
-| `OP_EXEC`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = blockexec(R(a),Irep[b])`                         |
-| `OP_DEF`         | `BB`         | `R(a).newmethod(Syms(b),R(a+1)); R(a) = Syms(b)`         |
-| `OP_ALIAS`       | `BB`         | `alias_method(target_class,Syms(a),Syms(b))`             |
-| `OP_UNDEF`       | `B`          | `undef_method(target_class,Syms(a))`                     |
-| `OP_SCLASS`      | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a).singleton_class`                            |
-| `OP_TCLASS`      | `B`          | `R(a) = target_class`                                    |
-| `OP_DEBUG`       | `BBB`        | `print a,b,c`                                            |
-| `OP_ERR`         | `B`          | `raise(LocalJumpError, Pool(a))`                         |
-| `OP_EXT1`        | `-`          | `make 1st operand 16bit`                                 |
-| `OP_EXT2`        | `-`          | `make 2nd operand 16bit`                                 |
-| `OP_EXT3`        | `-`          | `make 1st and 2nd operands 16bit`                        |
-| `OP_STOP`        | `-`          | `stop VM`                                                |
-|------------------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
+| No. | Instruction Name | Operand type | Semantics
+| --: | ---------------- | ------------ | ---------------
+|   0 | `OP_NOP`         | `-`          | `no operation`
+|   1 | `OP_MOVE`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(b)`
+|   2 | `OP_LOADL`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = Pool(b)`
+|   3 | `OP_LOADI8`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = mrb_int(b)`
+|   4 | `OP_LOADINEG`    | `BB`         | `R(a) = mrb_int(-b)`
+|   5 | `OP_LOADI__1`    | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(-1)`
+|   6 | `OP_LOADI_0`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(0)`
+|   7 | `OP_LOADI_1`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(1)`
+|   8 | `OP_LOADI_2`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(2)`
+|   9 | `OP_LOADI_3`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(3)`
+|  10 | `OP_LOADI_4`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(4)`
+|  11 | `OP_LOADI_5`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(5)`
+|  12 | `OP_LOADI_6`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(6)`
+|  13 | `OP_LOADI_7`     | `B`          | `R(a) = mrb_int(7)`
+|  14 | `OP_LOADI16`     | `BS`         | `R(a) = mrb_int(b)`
+|  15 | `OP_LOADI32`     | `BSS`        | `R(a) = mrb_int((b<<16)+c)`
+|  16 | `OP_LOADSYM`     | `BB`         | `R(a) = Syms(b)`
+|  17 | `OP_LOADNIL`     | `B`          | `R(a) = nil`
+|  18 | `OP_LOADSELF`    | `B`          | `R(a) = self`
+|  19 | `OP_LOADT`       | `B`          | `R(a) = true`
+|  20 | `OP_LOADF`       | `B`          | `R(a) = false`
+|  21 | `OP_GETGV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = getglobal(Syms(b))`
+|  22 | `OP_SETGV`       | `BB`         | `setglobal(Syms(b), R(a))`
+|  23 | `OP_GETSV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = Special[Syms(b)]`
+|  24 | `OP_SETSV`       | `BB`         | `Special[Syms(b)] = R(a)`
+|  25 | `OP_GETIV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = ivget(Syms(b))`
+|  26 | `OP_SETIV`       | `BB`         | `ivset(Syms(b),R(a))`
+|  27 | `OP_GETCV`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = cvget(Syms(b))`
+|  28 | `OP_SETCV`       | `BB`         | `cvset(Syms(b),R(a))`
+|  29 | `OP_GETCONST`    | `BB`         | `R(a) = constget(Syms(b))`
+|  30 | `OP_SETCONST`    | `BB`         | `constset(Syms(b),R(a))`
+|  31 | `OP_GETMCNST`    | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(a)::Syms(b)`
+|  32 | `OP_SETMCNST`    | `BB`         | `R(a+1)::Syms(b) = R(a)`
+|  33 | `OP_GETUPVAR`    | `BBB`        | `R(a) = uvget(b,c)`
+|  34 | `OP_SETUPVAR`    | `BBB`        | `uvset(b,c,R(a))`
+|  35 | `OP_GETIDX`      | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)[R(a+1)]`
+|  36 | `OP_SETIDX`      | `B`          | `R(a)[R(a+1)] = R(a+2)`
+|  37 | `OP_JMP`         | `S`          | `pc+=a`
+|  38 | `OP_JMPIF`       | `BS`         | `if R(a) pc+=b`
+|  39 | `OP_JMPNOT`      | `BS`         | `if !R(a) pc+=b`
+|  40 | `OP_JMPNIL`      | `BS`         | `if R(a)==nil pc+=b`
+|  41 | `OP_JMPUW`       | `S`          | `unwind_and_jump_to(a)`
+|  42 | `OP_EXCEPT`      | `B`          | `R(a) = exc`
+|  43 | `OP_RESCUE`      | `BB`         | `R(b) = R(a).isa?(R(b))`
+|  44 | `OP_RAISEIF`     | `B`          | `raise(R(a)) if R(a)`
+|  45 | `OP_SSEND`       | `BBB`        | `R(a) = self.send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..) (c=n\|k<<4)`
+|  46 | `OP_SSENDB`      | `BBB`        | `R(a) = self.send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..,&R(a+n+2k+1))`
+|  47 | `OP_SEND`        | `BBB`        | `R(a) = R(a).send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..) (c=n\|k<<4)`
+|  48 | `OP_SENDB`       | `BBB`        | `R(a) = R(a).send(Syms(b),R(a+1)..,R(a+n+1):R(a+n+2)..,&R(a+n+2k+1))`
+|  49 | `OP_CALL`        | `-`          | `self.call(*, **, &) (But overlay the current call frame; tailcall)`
+|  50 | `OP_SUPER`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = super(R(a+1),... ,R(a+b+1))`
+|  51 | `OP_ARGARY`      | `BS`         | `R(a) = argument array (16=m5:r1:m5:d1:lv4)`
+|  52 | `OP_ENTER`       | `W`          | `arg setup according to flags (23=m5:o5:r1:m5:k5:d1:b1)`
+|  53 | `OP_KEY_P`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = kdict.key?(Syms(b))`
+|  54 | `OP_KEYEND`      | `-`          | `raise unless kdict.empty?`
+|  55 | `OP_KARG`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = kdict[Syms(b)]; kdict.delete(Syms(b))`
+|  56 | `OP_RETURN`      | `B`          | `return R(a) (normal)`
+|  57 | `OP_RETURN_BLK`  | `B`          | `return R(a) (in-block return)`
+|  58 | `OP_BREAK`       | `B`          | `break R(a)`
+|  59 | `OP_BLKPUSH`     | `BS`         | `R(a) = block (16=m5:r1:m5:d1:lv4)`
+|  60 | `OP_ADD`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)+R(a+1)`
+|  61 | `OP_ADDI`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(a)+mrb_int(b)`
+|  62 | `OP_SUB`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)-R(a+1)`
+|  63 | `OP_SUBI`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = R(a)-mrb_int(b)`
+|  64 | `OP_MUL`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)*R(a+1)`
+|  65 | `OP_DIV`         | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)/R(a+1)`
+|  66 | `OP_EQ`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)==R(a+1)`
+|  67 | `OP_LT`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)<R(a+1)`
+|  68 | `OP_LE`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)<=R(a+1)`
+|  69 | `OP_GT`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)>R(a+1)`
+|  70 | `OP_GE`          | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a)>=R(a+1)`
+|  71 | `OP_ARRAY`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = ary_new(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b))`
+|  72 | `OP_ARRAY2`      | `BBB`        | `R(a) = ary_new(R(b),R(b+1)..R(b+c))`
+|  73 | `OP_ARYCAT`      | `B`          | `ary_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`
+|  74 | `OP_ARYPUSH`     | `BB`         | `ary_push(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b))`
+|  75 | `OP_ARYSPLAT`    | `B`          | `R(a) = ary_splat(R(a))`
+|  76 | `OP_AREF`        | `BBB`        | `R(a) = R(b)[c]`
+|  77 | `OP_ASET`        | `BBB`        | `R(b)[c] = R(a)`
+|  78 | `OP_APOST`       | `BBB`        | `*R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+c) = R(a)[b..]`
+|  79 | `OP_INTERN`      | `B`          | `R(a) = intern(R(a))`
+|  80 | `OP_SYMBOL`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = intern(Pool(b))`
+|  81 | `OP_STRING`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = str_dup(Pool(b))`
+|  82 | `OP_STRCAT`      | `B`          | `str_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`
+|  83 | `OP_HASH`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = hash_new(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b*2-1))`
+|  84 | `OP_HASHADD`     | `BB`         | `hash_push(R(a),R(a+1)..R(a+b*2))`
+|  85 | `OP_HASHCAT`     | `B`          | `R(a) = hash_cat(R(a),R(a+1))`
+|  86 | `OP_LAMBDA`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_LAMBDA)`
+|  87 | `OP_BLOCK`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_BLOCK)`
+|  88 | `OP_METHOD`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = lambda(Irep(b),OP_L_METHOD)`
+|  89 | `OP_RANGE_INC`   | `B`          | `R(a) = range_new(R(a),R(a+1),FALSE)`
+|  90 | `OP_RANGE_EXC`   | `B`          | `R(a) = range_new(R(a),R(a+1),TRUE)`
+|  91 | `OP_OCLASS`      | `B`          | `R(a) = ::Object`
+|  92 | `OP_CLASS`       | `BB`         | `R(a) = newclass(R(a),Syms(b),R(a+1))`
+|  93 | `OP_MODULE`      | `BB`         | `R(a) = newmodule(R(a),Syms(b))`
+|  94 | `OP_EXEC`        | `BB`         | `R(a) = blockexec(R(a),Irep(b))`
+|  95 | `OP_DEF`         | `BB`         | `R(a).newmethod(Syms(b),R(a+1)); R(a) = Syms(b)`
+|  96 | `OP_ALIAS`       | `BB`         | `alias_method(target_class,Syms(a),Syms(b))`
+|  97 | `OP_UNDEF`       | `B`          | `undef_method(target_class,Syms(a))`
+|  98 | `OP_SCLASS`      | `B`          | `R(a) = R(a).singleton_class`
+|  99 | `OP_TCLASS`      | `B`          | `R(a) = target_class`
+| 100 | `OP_DEBUG`       | `BBB`        | `print a,b,c`
+| 101 | `OP_ERR`         | `B`          | `raise(LocalJumpError, Pool(a))`
+| 102 | `OP_EXT1`        | `-`          | `make 1st operand (a) 16bit`
+| 103 | `OP_EXT2`        | `-`          | `make 2nd operand (b) 16bit`
+| 104 | `OP_EXT3`        | `-`          | `make 1st and 2nd operands 16bit`
+| 105 | `OP_STOP`        | `-`          | `stop VM`

doc/limitations.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+<!-- summary: About the Limitations of mruby -->
+
 # Limitations and Differences
 
 The philosophy of mruby is to be a lightweight implementation of
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ end
 
 `ZeroDivisionError` is raised.
 
-#### mruby [3.0.0 (2021-03-05)]
+#### mruby [3.1.0 (2022-05-12)]
 
 `RuntimeError` is raised instead of `ZeroDivisionError`. To re-raise the exception, you have to do:
 
@@ -64,81 +66,12 @@ p Liste.new "foobar"
 
 #### Ruby [ruby 2.0.0p645 (2015-04-13 revision 50299)]
 
-` [] `
+`[]`
 
-#### mruby [3.0.0 (2021-03-05)]
+#### mruby [3.1.0 (2022-05-12)]
 
 `ArgumentError` is raised.
 
-## Method visibility
-
-For simplicity reasons no method visibility (public/private/protected) is
-supported. Those methods are defined, but they are dummy methods.
-
-```ruby
-class VisibleTest
-
-  def public_method; end
-
-  private
-  def private_method; end
-
-end
-
-p VisibleTest.new.respond_to?(:private_method, false)
-p VisibleTest.new.respond_to?(:private_method, true)
-```
-
-#### Ruby [ruby 2.0.0p645 (2015-04-13 revision 50299)]
-
-```
-false
-true
-```
-
-#### mruby [3.0.0 (2021-03-05)]
-
-```
-true
-true
-```
-
-### Visibility Declaration
-
-The declaration form of following visibility methods are not implemented.
-
-* `public`
-* `private`
-* `protected`
-* `module_function`
-
-Especially, `module_function` method is not dummy, but no declaration form.
-
-```
-module TestModule
-  module_function
-  def test_func
-    p 'test_func called'
-  end
-
-  test_func
-end
-
-p 'ok'
-```
-
-#### Ruby [ruby 2.5.5p157 (2019-03-15 revision 67260)]
-
-```
-ok
-```
-
-#### mruby [3.0.0 (2021-03-05)]
-
-```
-test.rb:8: undefined method 'test_func' (NoMethodError)
-```
-
 ## `defined?`
 
 The `defined?` keyword is considered too complex to be fully
@@ -155,7 +88,7 @@ defined?(Foo)
 nil
 ```
 
-#### mruby [3.0.0 (2021-03-05)]
+#### mruby [3.1.0 (2022-05-12)]
 
 `NameError` is raised.
 
@@ -170,9 +103,9 @@ alias $a $__a__
 
 #### Ruby [ruby 2.0.0p645 (2015-04-13 revision 50299)]
 
-` nil `
+`nil`
 
-#### mruby [3.0.0 (2021-03-05)]
+#### mruby [3.1.0 (2022-05-12)]
 
 Syntax error
 
@@ -194,31 +127,22 @@ end
 `ArgumentError` is raised.
 The re-defined `+` operator does not accept any arguments.
 
-#### mruby [3.0.0 (2021-03-05)]
+#### mruby [3.1.0 (2022-05-12)]
 
-` 'ab' `
+`'ab'`
 Behavior of the operator wasn't changed.
 
-## `Kernel#binding` is not supported
+## `Kernel#binding` is not supported until [3.0.0 (2021-03-05)]
 
 `Kernel#binding` method is not supported.
 
 #### Ruby [ruby 2.5.1p57 (2018-03-29 revision 63029)]
 
-```
+```shell
 $ ruby -e 'puts Proc.new {}.binding'
 #<Binding:0x00000e9deabb9950>
 ```
 
-#### mruby [3.0.0 (2021-03-05)]
-
-```
-$ ./bin/mruby -e 'puts Proc.new {}.binding'
-trace (most recent call last):
-        [0] -e:1
--e:1: undefined method 'binding' (NoMethodError)
-```
-
 ## `nil?` redefinition in conditional expressions
 
 Redefinition of `nil?` is ignored in conditional expressions.
@@ -231,7 +155,7 @@ end
 puts(a.nil? ? "truthy" : "falsy")
 ```
 
-Ruby outputs `falsy`. mruby outputs `truthy`.
+Ruby outputs `truthy`. mruby outputs `falsy`.
 
 ## Argument Destructuring
 
@@ -253,3 +177,12 @@ f(1,[2,3])
 ```
 
 CRuby gives `[1,2,3,nil]`. mruby raises `NoMethodError` for `b`.
+
+Keyword argument expansion has similar restrictions. The following example, gives `[1, 1]` for CRuby, mruby raises `NoMethodError` for `b`.
+
+```ruby
+def g(a: 1, b: a)
+  p [a,b]
+end
+g(a:1)
+```

doc/mruby3.0.md

@@ -7,17 +7,17 @@
 Typical build configuration files are located in `build_config`
 directory. For examples:
 
-* `default`: the default configuration
-* `host-gprof`: compiles with `gprof` for performance tuning
-* `host-m32`: compiles in gcc 32bit mode on 64bit platforms
-* `boxing`: compiles all three boxing options
-* `clang-asan`: compiles with `clang`'s Address Sanitizer
+- `default`: the default configuration
+- `host-gprof`: compiles with `gprof` for performance tuning
+- `host-m32`: compiles in gcc 32-bit mode on 64-bit platforms
+- `boxing`: compiles all three boxing options
+- `clang-asan`: compiles with `clang`'s Address Sanitizer
 
 You can specify the build configuration file with the
 `MRUBY_CONFIG` environment variable (or `CONFIG` in short).
 If the value specified by `MRUBY_CONFIG` is not the path to
 the configuration file, `build_config/${MRUBY_CONFIG}.rb` is
-used.  So you can specify it as `rake MRUBY_CONFIG=boxing`,
+used. So you can specify it as `rake MRUBY_CONFIG=boxing`,
 for example.
 
 # Build Configuration Contribution
@@ -32,20 +32,20 @@ pull-request.
 
 We have ported some new syntax from CRuby.
 
-* Single line pattern matching (`12 => x`);
+- Single line pattern matching (`12 => x`);
   mruby matches only with local variables at the moment
-* Numbered block parameter (`x.map{_1 * 2}`)
-* End-less `def` (`def double(x) = x*2`)
+- Numbered block parameter (`x.map{_1 * 2}`)
+- End-less `def` (`def double(x) = x*2`)
 
 # Configuration Options Changed
 
 ## Renamed for consistency
 
 Some configuration macro names are changed for consistency (use `MRB_USE_XXX`
- or `MRB_NO_XXX`).
+or `MRB_NO_XXX`).
 
-|             mruby2             |          mruby3           |
-|--------------------------------|---------------------------|
+| mruby2                         | mruby3                    |
+| ------------------------------ | ------------------------- |
 | `MRB_ENABLE_ALL_SYMBOLS`       | `MRB_USE_ALL_SYMBOLS`     |
 | `MRB_ENABLE_CXX_ABI`           | `MRB_USE_CXX_ABI`         |
 | `MRB_ENABLE_CXX_EXCEPTION`     | `MRB_USE_CXX_EXCEPTION`   |
@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ Some configuration macro names are changed for consistency (use `MRB_USE_XXX`
 | `ENABLE_READLINE`              | `MRB_USE_READLINE`        |
 | `DISABLE_MIRB_UNDERSCORE`      | `MRB_NO_MIRB_UNDERSCORE`  |
 
-* `MRB_USE_FLOAT32` is changed from `MRB_USE_FLOAT` to make sure `float` here
-   means using single precision float, and not the opposite of `MRB_NO_FLOAT`.
-* `MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT` uses `struct` version of `mrb_method_t`. More
-  portable but consumes more memory. Turned on by default on 32bit platforms.
-* `MRB_` prefix is added to those without.
+- `MRB_USE_FLOAT32` is changed from `MRB_USE_FLOAT` to make sure `float` here
+  means using single-precision float, and not the opposite of `MRB_NO_FLOAT`.
+- `MRB_USE_METHOD_T_STRUCT` uses `struct` version of `mrb_method_t`. More
+  portable but consumes more memory. Turned on by default on 32-bit platforms.
+- `MRB_` prefix is added to those without.
 
 ## `MRB_NO_BOXING`
 
@@ -75,13 +75,13 @@ to be default `mrb_value` representation. Now the default is
 ## `MRB_WORD_BOXING`
 
 Pack `mrb_value` in an `intptr_t` integer. Consumes less
-memory compared to `MRB_NO_BOXING` especially on 32 bit
+memory compared to `MRB_NO_BOXING` especially on 32-bit
 platforms. `Fixnum` size is 31 bits so some integer values
 does not fit in `Fixnum` integers.
 
 ## `MRB_NAN_BOXING`
 
-Pack `mrb_value` in a floating pointer number. Nothing
+Pack `mrb_value` in a floating-point number. Nothing
 changed from previous versions.
 
 ## `MRB_USE_MALLOC_TRIM`
@@ -112,44 +112,45 @@ $ bin/mruby -r lib1.rb -r lib2.rb < app.mrb
 
 Instructions that access pool[i]/syms[i] where i>255.
 
-* `OP_LOADL16`
-* `OP_STRING16`
-* `OP_LOADSYM16`
+- `OP_LOADL16`
+- `OP_STRING16`
+- `OP_LOADSYM16`
 
-Instructions that load a 32 bit integer.
+Instructions that load a 32-bit integer.
 
-* `OP_LOADI32`
+- `OP_LOADI32`
 
 Instruction that unwinds jump table for rescue/ensure.
 
-* `OP_JMPUW`
+- `OP_JMPUW`
 
 Renamed from `OP_RAISE`
 
-* `OP_RAISEIF`
+- `OP_RAISEIF`
 
 Instruction that is reserved for the future keyword argument support.
 
-* OP_SENDVK
+- OP_SENDVK
 
 ## Removed Instructions
 
 Instructions for old exception handling
 
-* `OP_ONERR`
-* `OP_POPERR`
-* `OP_EPUSH`
-* `OP_EPOP`
+- `OP_ONERR`
+- `OP_POPERR`
+- `OP_EPUSH`
+- `OP_EPOP`
 
 No more operand extension
 
-* `OP_EXT1`
-* `OP_EXT2`
-* `OP_EXT3`
+- `OP_EXT1`
+- `OP_EXT2`
+- `OP_EXT3`
 
 ## Changed Instructions
 
-Jump addresses used to be specified by absolute offset from the start of `iseq`. Now they are relative offset from the address of the next instruction.
+Jump addresses used to be specified by absolute offset from the start of `iseq`. Now they are relative offset from the
+address of the next instruction.
 
 ## `Random` now use `xoshiro128++`.
 
@@ -159,4 +160,4 @@ For better and faster random number generation.
 
 Preallocated symbols are interned at compile-time. They can be accessed via symbols macros (e.g. `MRB_SYM()`).
 
-See [Symbols](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/blob/master/doc/guides/symbol.md).
+See [Symbols](guides/symbol.md).

doc/mruby3.1.md

@@ -1,48 +1,91 @@
 # User visible changes in `mruby3.1` from `mruby3.0`
 
-# Build System
+# New Features
 
-## `build_config` directory
+## Core Language Features
 
-Several configurations for new platforms are added:
+### Keyword Arguments
 
-* `cross-mingw-winetest.rb`
-* `cross-mingw.rb`
-* `nintendo_switch.rb`
-* `serenity.rb`
+CRuby3.0 compatible keyword arguments are introduced.
+Keyword arguments are basically separated from ordinal arguments.
 
-Some new configurations for added for convenience.
+### Other Language Enhancement
 
-* `minimal`: minimal configuration
-* `host-f32`: compiles with `mrb_float` as 32 bit `float`
-* `host-nofloat`: compiles with no float configuration
+- Implement endless-def [Ruby:Feature#16746](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16746)
+- Replace `R-assignment` by `single-line pattern matching` [Ruby:Feature#15921](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15921)
+- Support squiggly heredocs. [#5246](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5246)
+- Hash value omission [Ruby:Feature#14579](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14579)
 
-And `android_arm64-v8a.rb` was renamed to `android_arm64_v8a.rb` for consistency.
-
-# Configuration Options Changed
+## Configuration Options Changed
 
 Some configuration macros are available:
 
-* `MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE`: by default, float values are packed in the word if possible, but define this macro to allocate float values in the heap.
-* `MRB_USE_RO_DATA_P_ETEXT`: define this macro if `_etext` is available on your platform.
-* `MRB_NO_DEFAULT_RO_DATA_P`: define this macro to avoid using predefined `mrb_ro_data_p()` function
+- `MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE`: by default, float values are packed in the word if possible, but define this macro to allocate float values in the heap.
+- `MRB_USE_RO_DATA_P_ETEXT`: define this macro if `_etext` is available on your platform.
+- `MRB_NO_DEFAULT_RO_DATA_P`: define this macro to avoid using predefined `mrb_ro_data_p()` function
 
-# Language Changes
+---
 
-## Keyword Arguments
+# Updated Features
 
-CRuby3.0 compatible keyword arguments are introduced.
-Keyword arguments are basically separated from ordinal arguments
+## New build configurations
 
-## New Methods
+We have added several new build configurations in the `build_config` directory.
 
-* `Array#product`
-* `Array#repeated_combination`
-* `Array#repeated_permutation`
-* `Random.bytes`
-* `Random#bytes`
+- `cross-mingw-winetest.rb`
+- `cross-mingw.rb`
+- `nintendo_switch.rb`
+- `serenity.rb`
+- `minimal`: minimal configuration
+- `host-f32`: compiles with `mrb_float` as 32-bit `float`
+- `host-nofloat`: compiles with no float configuration
+- `android_arm64_v8a.rb`: renamed from `android_arm64-v8a.rb`
 
-# Internal Changes
+## Core Libraries
+
+### New Methods
+
+- `Array#product`
+- `Array#repeated_combination`
+- `Array#repeated_permutation`
+- `Kernel#__ENCODING__`
+- `Random.bytes`
+- `Random#bytes`
+- `String#center`
+
+### New Gem Enhancement
+
+- `mrbgems/mruby-pack` now supports `M` directive (Q encoding)
+- `mrbgems/mruby-pack` now supports `X` directive (back-up by bytes)
+- `mrbgems/mruby-pack` now supports `@` directive (absolute position)
+- `mrbgems/mruby-pack` now supports `w` directive (BER compression)
+
+## Tools
+
+- `mruby-config` now supports `--cc` and `--ld` options.
+- Remove `OP_` prefix from `mruby -v` code dump output.
+- Prohibit use of `OP_EXT{1,2,3}` by `mrbc` with `--no-ext-ops` option.
+
+## Features for mruby Developer
+
+- Add new specifier `c` to `mrb_get_args()` for receive Class/Module.
+
+---
+
+# Breaking Changes
+
+## Incompatibly Changed Methods
+
+- `Kernel#printf` (`mruby-sprintf`) Format specifiers `%a` and `%A` are removed.
+- `Kernel#puts` (`mruby-print`) Now expand Array arguments.
+
+## mruby VM and bytecode
+
+Due to improvements in the binary format, mruby binaries are no longer backward compatible.
+To run the mruby binaries on mruby 3.1, recompile with the mruby 3.1 `mrbc`.
+
+- Upgrade mruby VM version `RITE_VM_VER` to `0300` (means mruby 3.0 or after).
+- Upgrade mruby binary version `RITE_BINARY_FORMAT_VER` to `0300`.
 
 ## Reintroduced Instructions
 
@@ -53,18 +96,18 @@ Keyword arguments are basically separated from ordinal arguments
 
 `mruby3.1` removed following instructions.
 
-* `OP_LOADL16`
-* `OP_LOADSYM16`
-* `OP_STRING16`
-* `OP_LAMBDA16`
-* `OP_BLOCK16`
-* `OP_METHOD16`
-* `OP_EXEC16`
+- `OP_LOADL16`
+- `OP_LOADSYM16`
+- `OP_STRING16`
+- `OP_LAMBDA16`
+- `OP_BLOCK16`
+- `OP_METHOD16`
+- `OP_EXEC16`
 
 Those instructions are no longer needed by reintroduction of extension instructions.
 
-* `OP_SENDV`
-* `OP_SENDVB`
+- `OP_SENDV`
+- `OP_SENDVB`
 
 Those instructions for method calls with variable number of arguments are no longer needed. They are covered by `OP_SEND` instruction with `n=15`.
 
@@ -72,10 +115,11 @@ Those instructions for method calls with variable number of arguments are no lon
 
 `mruby3.1` introduces following new instructions.
 
-* `OP_GETIDX`: takes 2 operands `a[b]`
-* `OP_SETIDX`: takes 3 operands `a[b]=c`
-* `OP_SSEND`: takes 3 operands `a=self.b(c...)`; see `OP_SEND`
-* `OP_SSENDB`: takes 3 operands `a=self.b(c...){...}`; see `OP_SEND`
+- `OP_GETIDX`: takes 1 operands `R[a][a+1]`
+- `OP_SETIDX`: takes 1 operands `R[a][a+1]=R[a+2]`
+- `OP_SSEND`: takes 3 operands `a=self.b(c...)`; see `OP_SEND`
+- `OP_SSENDB`: takes 3 operands `a=self.b(c...){...}`; see `OP_SEND`
+- `OP_SYMBOL`: takes 2 operands `R[a] = intern(Pool[b])`
 
 ### `OP_GETIDX` and `OP_SETIDX`
 
@@ -85,6 +129,10 @@ Execute `obj[int]` and `obj[int] = value` respectively, where `obj` is `string|a
 
 They are similar to `OP_SEND` and `OP_SENDB` respectively. They initialize the `R[a]` by `self` first so that we can skip one `OP_LOADSELF` instruction for each call.
 
+### `OP_SYMBOL`
+
+Extracts the character string placed in the pool as a symbol.
+
 ## Changed Instructions
 
 ### `OP_SEND` and `OP_SENDB`
@@ -93,8 +141,8 @@ Method calling instructions are unified. Now `OP_SEND` and `OP_SENDB` (method ca
 
 The brief description of the instructions:
 
-|`OP_SEND`   | BBB | `R[a] = R[a].call(Syms[b],R[a+1..n],R[a+n+1],R[a+n+2]..nk) c=n|nk<<4`                    |
-|`OP_SENDB`  | BBB | `R[a] = R[a].call(Syms[b],R[a+1..n],R[a+n+1..nk],R[a+n+2..nk],&R[a+n+2*nk+2]) c=n|nk<<4` |
+|`OP_SEND` | BBB | `R[a] = R[a].call(Syms[b],R[a+1..n],R[a+n+1],R[a+n+2]..nk) c=n|nk<<4` |
+|`OP_SENDB` | BBB | `R[a] = R[a].call(Syms[b],R[a+1..n],R[a+n+1..nk],R[a+n+2..nk],&R[a+n+2*nk+2]) c=n|nk<<4` |
 
 Operand C specifies the number of arguments. Lower 4 bits (`n`) represents the number of ordinal arguments, and higher 4 bits (`nk`) represents the number of keyword arguments.
 When `n == 15`, the method takes arguments packed in an array. When `nk == 15`, the method takes keyword arguments are packed in a hash.
@@ -107,14 +155,14 @@ Now takes 2 operands and pushes multiple entries to an array.
 
 ### Word Boxing
 
-`MRB_WORD_BOXING` now packs floating point numbers in the word, if the size of `mrb_float` is equal or smaller than the size of `mrb_int` by default.
+`MRB_WORD_BOXING` now packs floating-point numbers in the word, if the size of `mrb_float` is equal or smaller than the size of `mrb_int` by default.
 If the size of `mrb_float` and `mrb_int` are same, the last 2 bits in the `mrb_float` are trimmed and used as flags. If you need full precision, you need to define `MRB_WORDBOX_NO_FLOAT_TRUNCATE` as described above.
 
 ### NaN Boxing
 
-Previous NaN boxing packs values in NaN representation, but pointer retrievals are far more frequent than floating point number references. So we add constant offset to NaN representation to clear higher bits of pointer representation. This representation is called "Favor Pointer" NaN Boxing.
+Previous NaN boxing packs values in NaN representation, but pointer retrievals are far more frequent than floating-point number references. So we add constant offset to NaN representation to clear higher bits of pointer representation. This representation is called "Favor Pointer" NaN Boxing.
 
-Also, previous NaN boxing limit the size of `mrb_int` to 4 bytes (32 bits) to fit in NaN values. Now we allocates integer values in the heap, if the value does not fit in the 32 bit range, just like we did in Word Boxing.
+Also, previous NaN boxing limit the size of `mrb_int` to 4 bytes (32 bits) to fit in NaN values. Now we allocate integer values in the heap, if the value does not fit in the 32 bit range, just like we did in Word Boxing.
 
 ## Constant Folding
 
@@ -146,3 +194,62 @@ GETIV R1 :@foo
 ## `String#hash` now use `FNV1a` algorithm
 
 For better and faster hash values.
+
+---
+
+# Major bug fixes
+
+- Fix infinite recursive call bugs in integer division [98799aa6](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/98799aa6)
+- Fix to raise TypeError with super inside instance_eval / class_eval [#5476](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5476)
+- Fix to call `method_added` hooks on method definitions; [#2339](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/2339)
+- Fix a potential buffer overflow in `time_zonename` [26340a88](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/26340a88)
+- Fix `Module.instance_eval` bug [#5528](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5528)
+- Fix fix `M` packing bug [bfe2bd49](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/bfe2bd49)
+- Fix a bug regarding attribute assignment with kargs [de2b4bd0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/de2b4bd0)
+- Fix SIGSEGV with mrbgems/mruby-method [#5580](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5580)
+- Fix print error before cleanup in `codegen_error()` [#5603](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5603)
+- Fix a bug in unpacking BER [#5611](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5611)
+- Fix a bug with numbered parameters as arguments [#5605](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5605)
+- Fix `mrb_ary_shift_m` initialization bug [27d1e013](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/27d1e013)
+- Fix keyword argument with `super` [#5628](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5628)
+- Fix a bug with numbered parameters on toplevel [7e7f1b2f](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/7e7f1b2f)
+- Fix keyword argument bug [#5632](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5632)
+- Fix multiple assignments in parameters [#5647](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5647)
+- Fix keyword parameters not passing through super [#5660](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5660)
+- Fix infinite loop from unclosed here-doc [#5676](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5676)
+- Fix negative integer division bug [#5678](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5678)
+
+# CVEs
+
+## Fixed CVEs
+
+Following CVEs are fixed in this release.
+
+- [CVE-2021-4110](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-4110)
+- [CVE-2021-4188](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-4188)
+- [CVE-2022-0080](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0080)
+- [CVE-2022-0240](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0240)
+- [CVE-2022-0326](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0326)
+- [CVE-2022-0481](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0481)
+- [CVE-2022-0631](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0631)
+- [CVE-2022-0632](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0632)
+- [CVE-2022-0890](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0890)
+- [CVE-2022-1071](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1071)
+- [CVE-2022-1106](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1106)
+- [CVE-2022-1201](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1201)
+- [CVE-2022-1427](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1427)
+
+## Unaffected CVEs
+
+Following CVEs do not cause problems in this release. They are fixed in the later release.
+
+- [CVE-2022-0481](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0481)
+- [CVE-2022-0525](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0525)
+- [CVE-2022-0570](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0570)
+- [CVE-2022-0614](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0614)
+- [CVE-2022-0623](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0623)
+- [CVE-2022-0630](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0630)
+- [CVE-2022-0717](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0817)
+- [CVE-2022-1212](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1212)
+- [CVE-2022-1276](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1276)
+- [CVE-2022-1286](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1286)

doc/mruby3.2.md

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# User visible changes in `mruby3.2` from `mruby3.1`
+
+# The language
+
+- Now `a::B = c` should evaluate `a` then `c`.
+- Anonymous arguments `*`, `**`, `&` can be passed for forwarding.
+- Multi-precision integer is available now via `mruby-bigint` gem.
+
+# mruby VM and bytecode
+
+- `OP_ARYDUP` was renamed to `OP_ARYSPLAT`. The instruction name
+  was changed but instruction number and basic behavior have not
+  changed (except that `ARYDUP nil` makes `[]`).
+
+# Tools
+
+## `mruby`
+
+- `-b` only specifies the script is the binary. The files loaded by `-r` are not affected by the option.
+- `mruby` now loads complied binary if the suffix is `.mrb`.
+
+## `mrbc`
+
+- Add `--no-optimize` option to disable optimization.
+
+# mrbgems
+
+## mruby-class-ext
+
+- Add `Class#subclasses` method.
+- Add `Module#undefined_instance_methods` method.
+
+## New bundled gems
+
+- mruby-errno from <https://github.com/iij/mruby-errno.git>
+- mruby-set from <https://github.com/yui-knk/mruby-set.git>
+- mruby-dir from <https://github.com/iij/mruby-dir.git>
+- mruby-data
+
+# Breaking Changes
+
+## `mrb_vm_run()` may detach top-level local variables referenced from blocks
+
+When the `mrb_vm_run()` function (including `mrb_top_run()`) is called,
+the previous top-level local variables referenced from blocks is detached under either of the following conditions.
+
+- If the `stack_keep` parameter is given as 0.
+- If the number of variables in `irep` to be executed is less than the number of previous top-level local variables.
+
+This change also affects API functions such as `mrb_load_string()` and `mrb_load_file()`.
+The conditions under which the previous top-level local variables referenced from blocks is detached in these functions are as follows:
+
+- If the function has no `mrbc_context` pointer parameter, or the `mrbc_context` pointer parameter is set to `NULL`.
+- If the number of variables held in the `mrbc_context` pointer is less than the number of previous top-level local variables.
+
+Intentional reliance on previous behavior may cause compatibility problems in your application.
+
+# CVEs
+
+Following CVEs are fixed.
+
+- [CVE-2022-0080](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0080)
+- [CVE-2022-0240](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0240)
+- [CVE-2022-0326](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0326)
+- [CVE-2022-0481](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0481)
+- [CVE-2022-0525](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0525)
+- [CVE-2022-0570](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0570)
+- [CVE-2022-0614](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0614)
+- [CVE-2022-0623](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0623)
+- [CVE-2022-0630](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0630)
+- [CVE-2022-0631](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0631)
+- [CVE-2022-0632](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0632)
+- [CVE-2022-0717](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0717)
+- [CVE-2022-0890](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-0890)
+- [CVE-2022-1106](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1106)
+- [CVE-2022-1212](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1212)
+- [CVE-2022-1276](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1276)
+- [CVE-2022-1286](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1286)
+- [CVE-2022-1934](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1934)

doc/mruby3.3.md

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# User visible changes in `mruby3.3` from `mruby3.2`
+
+"**_NOTE_**:" are changes to be aware of.
+
+# The language
+
+- aliases work properly with `super` ([2ad3f0e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/2ad3f0e))
+- `callee` method work differently with aliases in mruby ([f2dc76e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/f2dc76e))
+- define `Kernel#respond_to_missing?` method ([347586e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/347586e))
+- `_inspect` method (`inspect` with recursive check) is removed
+  ([e2bbf75](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e2bbf75), [5cb0c74](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/5cb0c74), [113565a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/113565a),
+  [0713f2a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0713f2a), [6ae6b63](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/6ae6b63), [fc9fffc](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/fc9fffc))
+- `__printstr__` method is removed; use `print` instead
+  ([acecee0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/acecee0), [192e6e3](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/192e6e3))
+- New method `String#bytesplice` ([5274647](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/5274647), [a2e2e83](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a2e2e83))
+- Allow `return` in blocks to cross C boundaries ([#6125](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6125))
+
+# Configuration
+
+- mruby can be built using Docker now. Try `docker-compose build` for example. ([#5961](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5961))
+- New Platform: DJGPP (MS-DOS) ([#6022](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6022))
+- New Platform: Nintendo Wii ([#6086](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6086))
+- Improved Platform: Android ([#6013](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6013))
+- Improved Platform: Dreamcast ([#6130](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6130))
+- Allow tests to be disabled for specific gems; warn about disabled tests ([#6012](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6012))
+- Replace `MRB_NO_DIRECT_THREADING` with `MRB_USE_VM_SWITCH_DISPATCH` ([#5902](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5902))
+
+# mruby memory API
+
+- `mrb_default_allocf` can be overridden by the application ([34c5d96](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/34c5d96))
+- `mrb_open_allocf` will be deprecated ([cfee5c2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/cfee5c2))
+
+# Changes in C API
+
+- add new error handling API functions ([8c8bbd9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/8c8bbd9))
+- Add `mrb_vm_ci_env_clear()` function with `MRB_API` ([#5945](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5945))
+- a new function `mrb_check_frozen_value()` ([ccdf75c](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/ccdf75c))
+- avoid formatting in `mrb_bug()` ([82a48bd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/82a48bd)) <br>
+  **_NOTE_**: If you are using it, you must give a simple string or replace it with a call to `mrb_raise()` series.
+- stop using `mrbc_` prefix for compiler context ([c5e3cbe](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/c5e3cbe)) <br>
+  The same names are provided as before, but we recommend replacing them.
+- Allow `Class#allocate` to be prohibited
+  ([#5979](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5979), [#6122](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6122), [#6123](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6123)) <br>
+  To disable `#allocate`, use `MRB_UNDEF_ALLOCATOR()`.
+  This is also automatically applied when the subclass is created, but to explicitly allow it, use `MRB_DEFINE_ALLOCATOR()`.
+
+# Changes in mrbgems
+
+- **default.gembox**: Add mruby debugger mrdb (`mruby-bin-debugger`) ([#5966](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5966))
+- **mruby-bin-config**: new options `--cxx`, `--cxxflags`, `--as`, `--asflags`, `--objc`, `--objcflags` ([#6054](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6054))
+- **mruby-binding**: renamed from `mruby-binding-core` of mruby3.2 ([11af5db](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/11af5db)) <br>
+  **_NOTE_**: If using `mruby-binding-core` of mruby 3.2, replace it with `mruby-binding`.
+- **mruby-binding**: implemented `Binding#initialize_copy` method ([#5517](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5517))
+- **mruby-binding**: `Kernel#binding` responds only to calls from Ruby ([#5981](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5981))
+- **mruby-compar-ext**: Comparable#clamp to accept nil as arguments ([836bebc](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/836bebc))
+- **mruby-compiler**: add print name for identifier tokens ([d7b2e3a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/d7b2e3a))
+- **mruby-data**: allow empty Data ([927a9df](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/927a9df))
+- **mruby-enumerator**: remove internal attribute methods `obj`, `args`, `kwd`, `meth`, `fib`. ([735fa24](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/735fa24))
+- **mruby-enumerator**: add Enumerator#size ([861f8bd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/861f8bd))
+- **mruby-eval**: merged `mruby-binding` of mruby3.2 ([501b22a](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/501b22a), [#5989](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5989)) <br>
+  **_NOTE_**: If using `mruby-binding` of mruby 3.2, replace it with `mruby-eval`.
+- **mruby-fiber**: Add a new `mrb_fiber_new()` with `MRB_API` ([#6097](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6097))
+- **mruby-fiber**: Allows calling `Fiber#resume` from C ([#6106](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6106))
+- **mruby-fiber**: `Fiber#to_s` format changed ([#6105](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6105))
+- **mruby-io**: add File#atime and File#ctime ([321cfe9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/321cfe9))
+- **mruby-io**: Add "x" mode option for `IO.open` ([#6081](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6081))
+- **mruby-io**: File.new should not take blocks ([53de964](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/53de964))
+- **mruby-method**: `Method#to_s` format changed ([f5bc82f](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/f5bc82f), [02f189c](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/02f189c))
+- **mruby-numeric-ext**: `int.pow(n,m)` to take bigint as exponential ([d482eab](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/d482eab))
+- **mruby-pack**: support new directives `j`, `J`, `b`, `B`, `#`
+  ([2a1e3a5](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/2a1e3a5), [e7021f1](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e7021f1), [e17f325](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e17f325))
+- **mruby-range-ext**: new method `Range#overlap?` ([384d0e2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/384d0e2))
+- **mruby-string-ext**: Add `String#valid_encoding?` method ([eabe2d9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/eabe2d9))
+- **mruby-struct**: allow empty Struct when a name is not given ([c212ede](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/c212ede))
+- **mruby-time**: should allow year before 1900 ([e5de08b](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e5de08b))
+- **mruby-time**: support bigint to time_t if necessary ([7096d27](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/7096d27))
+- **mruby-time**: need to handle negative time_t ([b064d7e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b064d7e))
+
+# Changes in build system
+
+- Extended `rake install` task ([#5928](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5928)) <br>
+  **_NOTE_**: Due to this impact, executable files in the `mruby/bin/` directory by default are now symbolic links (batch files on Windows).
+  If previously relied on those executables, should be replaced with direct references to the entity created under the build directory (e.g. `mruby/build/host/bin/`).
+- Encode and decode escape characters for presym ([#6011](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6011))
+- Rakefile: remove default build target directories in `deep_clean` ([#6032](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6032), [1e38569](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/1e38569))
+
+# Other breaking changes
+
+- `mrb_f_raise()` is now an internal function
+  ([#5923](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5923), [#6070](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6070))
+- `mrb_make_exception()` is now an internal function with different parameters
+  ([431f83e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/431f83e), [78137f3](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/78137f3))
+- The `File#path` method no longer uses the `#to_path` method for implicit conversion
+  ([d86c4a7](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/d86c4a7))
+- stop mrb isolation for each test file ([a20fbe5](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a20fbe5))
+- RBreak remembers the CI location ([#6103](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6103))
+
+# Bugs Fixed
+
+- [#5724](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5724) Rational#\*\* is missing
+- [#5725](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5725) weird const_missing exceptions in mrblib code
+- [#5789](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5789) No memory release of backtrace information due to stack error
+- [#5932](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5932) How to create a block using the C API? mrb_yield keeps crashing!
+- [#5943](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5943) TCPSocket#write is failed
+- [#5944](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5944) Behavior of calling method with a hash variable
+- [#5946](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5946) Don't switch constant search path from modules to Object
+- [#5949](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5949) Caller appears to report wrong line when block passed and brackets omitted
+- [0906cd7](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0906cd7) numeric.c: fix rounding function issues with big numbers
+- [#5974](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5974) Invalid escape sequences in gem_init.c on windows
+- [#5975](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5975) Equals comparison fails on extreme ends of 64-bit integers
+- [#5985](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5985) Sign extension with OP_LOADI32 in get_int_operand()
+- [#5986](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5986) Fix bugs in String#bytesplice
+- [#5987](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5987) ~(-1 << 64) is incorrect
+- [#5991](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5991) 'gets' method not working in mruby-3.2.0
+- [#5994](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5994) fix typo in mrbgems/mruby-io/src/io.c
+- [#5995](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5995) One seemingly unnecessary parameter is passed in the block parameters
+- [#6008](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6008) Make "bintest" independent of directory
+- [b47c8b7](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b47c8b7) gc.c (clear_all_old): fix a generational GC bug
+- [#6029](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6029) mruby build fails under mrbgems directory
+- [a264965](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a264965) mruby-os-memsize/memsize.c: fix irep size calculation
+- [3310e10](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/3310e10) mruby-test/mrbgem.rake: fix mrb_state handling bug
+- [#6041](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6041) GC Performance may have degraded
+- [#6044](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6044) Generated presym/table.h contains invalid characters
+- [#6051](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6051) Null pointer dereference in mrb_addrinfo_unix_path
+- [#6052](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6052) Null pointer dereference while handling the Proc class
+- [#6055](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6055) Fix libmruby name for VisualC++
+- [#6060](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6060) SEGFAULT Issue Related to Fiber Usage in ngx_mruby Development
+- [#6061](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6061) Performance issue in String#codepoints
+- [#6064](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6064) MRUBY_PACKAGE_DIR does not always have a value.
+- [#6065](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6065) Null pointer dereference while handling the Proc class
+- [#6066](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6066) Null pointer dereference involving Struct.new()
+- [#6067](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6067) Null pointer dereference in mrb_string_value_cstr
+- [#6068](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6068) Stack overflow in mrb_vm_exec
+- [#6076](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6076) Fixed unwinding block that could point to invalid PC
+- [#6084](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6084) Incorrect symbolic sinks in binary built on Linux
+- [#6087](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6087) 'Remote branch HEAD not found in upstream origin' error on build
+- [#6089](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6089) binding.eval() handles def expressions differently from CRuby
+- [#6098](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6098) Fails to call superclass of wrapped method
+- [#6099](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6099) `ensure` section is not executed if the function exits via a return in a proc
+- [#6108](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6108) VM crashes with break
+- [#6118](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6118) Fixed IO#read with buf
+- [#6120](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6120) Set EBADF if check_file_descriptor() fails
+- [#6126](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6126) Fixed return value of `OP_RETURN_BLK` called directly under C function
+- [#6134](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6134) String#unpack1 returns an array instead of a single string
+- [#6136](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6136) Fixed when combined `mrb_fiber_resume()` and `Fiber#transfer`
+
+# Pull Requests (User Visible Ones)
+
+- [#5517](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5517) Fixed local variables not separated between copied binding objects
+- [#5902](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5902) Replace `MRB_NO_DIRECT_THREADING` with `MRB_USE_VM_SWITCH_DISPATCH`
+- [#5923](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5923) Demotion `mrb_f_raise()` from `MRB_API`
+- [#5928](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5928) Improved `rake install`
+- [#5945](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5945) Avoid exposure for `REnv` objects
+- [#5946](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5946) Don't switch constant search path from modules to Object
+- [#5966](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5966) Update default.gembox add mruby debugger mrdb
+- [#5979](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5979) Allow Class#allocate to be prohibited
+- [#5981](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5981) `Kernel#binding` responds only to calls from Ruby
+- [#5989](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5989) Integrate mruby-binding-eval into mruby-eval
+- [#5961](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5961) Add Docker to build and run all mruby tests. Run pre-commit and generate YARD docs with Docker
+- [#5994](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5994) fix typo in mrbgems/mruby-io/src/io.c
+- [#6008](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6008) Make "bintest" independent of directory
+- [#6009](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6009) Avoid adding <MRUBY_ROOT>/bintest which does not exist
+- [#6011](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6011) Encode and decode escape characters for presym
+- [#6012](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6012) Allow tests to be disabled for specific gems; warn about disabled tests
+- [#6013](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6013) Fix Android toolchain
+- [#6022](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6022) Build configuration for MS-DOS and DJGPP
+- [#6032](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6032) Rake: update task clean to remove bin and build folders
+- [#6045](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6045) Fixes escape sequence bug and enhancements in Presym scanning
+- [#6054](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6054) Extends `bin/mruby-config`
+- [#6055](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6055) Fix libmruby name for VisualC++
+- [#6070](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6070) Demotion mrb_f_raise() in kernel.c from MRB_API too
+- [#6076](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6076) Fixed unwinding block that could point to invalid PC
+- [#6081](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6081) Add "x" mode option for IO.open
+- [#6086](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6086) Add build config for Nintendo Wii
+- [#6097](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6097) Add a new mrb_fiber_new() with MRB_API
+- [#6103](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6103) RBreak remembers the CI location
+- [#6105](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6105) Implement `Fiber#to_s` method
+- [#6106](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6106) Ease fiber limitations
+- [#6118](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6118) Fixed IO#read with buf
+- [#6120](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6120) Set EBADF if check_file_descriptor() fails
+- [#6122](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6122) Prohibit `Class#allocate` in a different way
+- [#6123](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6123) Inherit `MRB_FL_UNDEF_ALLOCATE` in subclasses
+- [#6125](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6125) Allow `OP_RETURN_BLK` to cross C boundaries
+- [#6126](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6126) Fixed return value of `OP_RETURN_BLK` called directly under C function
+- [#6130](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6130) `dreamcast_shelf build config`: complete overhaul
+- [#6136](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6136) Fixed when combined `mrb_fiber_resume()` and `Fiber#transfer`

doc/mruby3.4.md

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+# User visible changes in `mruby3.4` from `mruby3.3`
+
+"**_NOTE_**:" are changes to be aware of.
+
+# The language
+
+- mruby now supports `private` and `protected` visibitily ([b0db0bd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b0db0bd))
+- Maximum length of inlined symbols reduced from 5 to 4 characters to provide space for visibility flags ([6442a01](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/6442a01))
+- Many methods are made private according to CRuby visibility ([4a0e806](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/4a0e806))
+- Generate OP_SSEND for `self.method` type calls ([111fe4b](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/111fe4b))
+- `initialize` method will be always private ([eb8b412](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/eb8b412))
+- Add new hooks `method_removed`, `method_undefined` ([9c74f6e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/9c74f6e))
+- Add new hooks `singleton_method_removed`, `singleton_method_undefined` ([0863c08](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0863c08))
+- Updated `OP_DEF` output from codedump ([3a3e877](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/3a3e877))
+- Better handling of binary strings, e.g. String#b ([b0127f0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b0127f0))
+- Hash `to_s` format has changed ([baeeb5e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/baeeb5e))
+- Some encoding related method such as `#force_encoding` ([e47b4ca](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/e47b4ca)), `#b` ([b0127f0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/b0127f0))
+- Constant folding for `String#+` ([6687bdd](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/6687bdd))
+- Remove Float bit-operation ([db8368f](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/db8368f))
+- use SWAR technique for strlen performance ([cbb31e6](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/cbb31e6))
+- use merge sort for `Array#sort` ([5bd63d6](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/5bd63d6))
+
+# Changes in C API
+
+- pool.c renamed to mempool.c (and mrb_pool to mrb_mempool) ([49525fa](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/49525fa))
+- mrb_pool_value renamed to mrb_irep_pool to reduce confusion ([62ef5db](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/62ef5db))
+- rename BOXNIX_SET_VALUE to BOXNO_SET_VALUE ([#6397](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6397))
+- `MRB_FROZEN_P()` is replaced by `mrb_frozen_p()` ([c11d18e](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/c11d18e))
+- rename `color` to `gc_color` ([0e79f6b](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/0e79f6b), [1e36d76](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/1e36d76))
+- add `obj->frozen` instead of flags `MRB_SET_FROZEN_FLAG`/`MRB_UNSET_FROZEN_FLAG` ([8276143](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/8276143))
+
+# Build & Configuration
+
+- New Build Target: `test:run:serial`, `test:run:serial:lib`, `test:run:serial:bin` ([#6423](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6423))
+- New Platform: Playstation Portable ([#6022](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6465))
+- New Platform: emscripten ([#6487](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6487))
+- New Config: no-float (with MRB_NO_FLOAT) ([32200f1](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/32200f1))
+
+# Changes in mrbgems
+
+- **mruby-print**: removed; if you do not use `mruby-io`, mruby use `#print` etc. in the core ([8c8bbd9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/8c8bbd9))
+- **mruby-enum-lazy**: Add Enumerable::Lazy#grep_v to mruby-enum-lazy ([#6171](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6171))
+- **mruby-io**: Add `level` argument to `File.dirname` ([#6463](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6463))
+- **mruby-io**: File.absolute_path? ([#6482](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6482))
+- **mruby-io**: File.absolute_path ([96113a2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/96113a2))
+- **mruby-toplevel-ext**: top-level public/private/protected moved to the core ([2a876d2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/2a876d2))
+- **mruby-metaprog**: method list methods now works according to the visibility ([9229da1](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/9229da1))
+- **mruby-metaprog**: `public_instance_methods`, `private_instance_methods`, `protected_instance_methods` ([9e3e7b2](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/9e3e7b2))
+- **mruby-encoding**: MRB_UTF8_STRING turned on automatically with this gem ([74bdae9](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/74bdae9))
+
+# Fixed GitHub Issues
+
+- [#6173](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6173) Fails to build with tcc(Tiny C Compiler)
+- [#6156](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6156) '/LIBPATH' issue
+- [#6183](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6183) ".e".to_f returns NAN
+- [#6182](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6182) mrb_read_float() converts "0.3" with a small error compared to strtod()
+- [#6210](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6210) Unary minus seems broken
+- [#6255](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6255) Wrong number of characters in broken UTF-8 string
+- [#4038](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/4038) Heap buffer overflow in OP_ENTER
+- [#6262](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6262) Unable to define == for objects when using Array#delete
+- [#6267](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6267) When MRB_UTF8_STRING is enabled, giving byte characters for String#index and String#split gives wrong results
+- [#6277](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6277) MSVC: can't use malloc() in string.c with WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+- [#6240](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6240) Differentiate between lib and lib64 in the build settings.
+- [#6304](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6304) Calling method_missing with only Kwargs passes arguments incorrectly
+- [#6317](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6317) mrb_gc_register() may cause GC and collect the object being protected
+- [#6307](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6307) Planned change patch for mrb_vm_exec()
+- [#6298](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6298) foo :bar {} is legal in mruby?
+- [#6326](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6326) Detect “Use-after-free” with address sanitizer
+- [#5358](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5358) static warning from getpwnam
+- [#6339](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6339) mrb_ary_delete() may refer to an invalid address (use-after-free)
+- [#6346](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6346) Block kwargs are passed as last positional arg when using yield
+- [#6365](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6365) powl() not available when compiling for Dreamcast
+- [#6369](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6369) 100x Performance Regression from 3.1
+- [#6270](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6270) NODE_ZSUPER from deeply nested blocks will result in a truncated digits for block index in OP_ARGARY
+- [#6297](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6297) Assigning to a block variable changes the actual block (thus affecting block_given? and yield)
+- [#6389](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6389) instance_exec named block args don't work properly
+- [#6388](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6388) Recent commit broke my windows build
+- [#6411](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6411) Wrong function unwinding when using return in a block
+- [#6439](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6439) OP_JMPUW does not call the ensure block when it jumps to the beginning of the begin block
+- [#6441](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6441) break inside while loop will execute the ensure block outside of the while loop
+- [#6453](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6453) Bigint: incorrect behavior of ^ operator
+- [#6452](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6452) Bigint: weird mod behavior
+- [#6451](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6451) Bigint: incorrect division behavior
+- [#6456](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6456) bigint: bug with division of a small number by a bigint
+- [#6466](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6466) mruby-bin-mruby using Kernel#p and Kernel#print in bintest fails test
+- [#6467](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6467) Heap-Use-After-Free due to Recursive group_by Calls
+- [#6471](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6471) Discrepancy in codegen for binary operations between master branch and 3.3.0
+- [#6477](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6477) heap-buffer-overflow in mrb_vm_exec
+- [#6485](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6485) Hash#rehash does not check if the hash is frozen
+- [#6483](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6483) Hash#default_proc= accepts arbitrary objects that are not callable
+- [#6491](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/6491) Destroy existing string literals when composing string literals
+
+# Merged Pull Requests (User Visible Ones)
+
+- [#6171](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6171) Add Enumerable::Lazy#grep_v to mruby-enum-lazy
+- [#6174](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6174) Fix MRUBY_PACKAGE_DIR in mruby-config.bat
+- [#6175](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6175) Corrected strange conditional in mrb_vm_run()
+- [#6176](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6176) Stop assuming alias proc in CI_PROC_SET()
+- [#6177](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6177) gha: add macOS 14 to the build
+- [#6184](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6184) Remove the L_STOP label
+- [#6185](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6185) Added mrb_callinfo::u.keep_context for clarity
+- [#6186](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6186) Omit NULL check of e->cxt in OP_RETURN_BLK
+- [#6191](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6191) Speed up symbol equality comparison
+- [#6192](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6192) Fix `OP_STOP` with exception
+- [#6193](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6193) Fix wrong assertion in `OP_SENDB`.
+- [#6194](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6194) Simplify the calculation of the number of closures in `MRB_TT_FIBER`
+- [#6197](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6197) Fix int_xor to call flo_xor.
+- [#6201](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6201) tasks/doc.rake: standardize the `rake doc` error messages
+- [#6202](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6202) Remove the `.yardoc` folder with `rake doc:clean:api`
+- [#6204](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6204) Clean up the `.editorconfig` file
+- [#6209](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6209) Minor `.gitignore` clean up
+- [#6211](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6211) Minor `.gitignore` clean up; order entries
+- [#6216](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6216) Shared empty `iv_tbl` of module
+- [#6217](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6217) Strict declaration for `mrb_istruct_size()`
+- [#6219](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6219) Avoid assigning a fixed value in the loop
+- [#6220](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6220) Reorganize `mrb_cache_entry` and `mrb_method_t` types
+- [#6221](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6221) Arranging `each_backtrace()`
+- [#6222](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6222) Need to synchronize `dbg->regs` after VM call in `mrdb`
+- [#6224](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6224) `mrb_env_unshare()` to break the link to fiber
+- [#6225](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6225) Revert "Adjust environment when `mrb_exec_irep` happened."
+- [#6227](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6227) fix: `Array#shuffle(!)` result distribution
+- [#6228](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6228) Revert "`env` referred from top-level callinfo should not be unshared; fix #4019"
+- [#6230](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6230) Fix status of fiber after switched by exception raised
+- [#6231](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6231) Add a way to let other gems handle closing of fds in mruby-io
+- [#6232](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6232) Fold the code for freeing `env`
+- [#6233](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6233) Free stack memory at end of fiber
+- [#6235](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6235) fix `Array#delete` always firing the block when deleting `nil`
+- [#6236](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6236) unify the code for filter methods (and speed up `#reject!`)
+- [#6237](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6237) Stricter env objects to attach to ci
+- [#6238](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6238) Minimize zero initialization of the stack
+- [#6243](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6243) Fixed base64 decoding in `mruby-pack`
+- [#6244](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6244) Revise scope of role of `mrb_vm_run()`
+- [#6246](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6246) Fix typo in `test/t/hash.rb`
+- [#6249](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6249) Fix grammar in `src/vm.c`; `catched` -> `caught`
+- [#6250](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6250) Fix spelling
+- [#6251](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6251) Clean up root move `CODEOWNERS` to `.github` directory
+- [#6253](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6253) Allow recycling fibers by GC if not referenced directly
+- [#6256](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6256) Update documentation for `mrb_top_run()`
+- [#6257](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6257) fix some mrbconf.md typos
+- [#6260](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6260) Remove `exc_caught` from `mrb_vm_exec()`
+- [#6261](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6261) fix: `to_a` integer ranges with `begin > end` failing
+- [#6263](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6263) fix: `Array#delete` mistakenly calling block even if not passed
+- [#6264](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6264) Must pass keyword arguments for `Kernel#to_enum`
+- [#6265](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6265) Fixes `Dir.children` and `Dir.each_child`
+- [#6266](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6266) Passes the nonexistent key as a block argument in `Array#delete`
+- [#6273](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6273) Improvements to `mrb_protect_atexit()`
+- [#6275](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6275) Fixed `Binding#eval` that failed to assign to the same variable
+- [#6276](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6276) Always run `atexit` on the top-level call frame
+- [#6279](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6279) Include headers for malloc() explicitly; fix #6277
+- [#6280](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6280) Remove `MRB_ENV_CLOSED` flag
+- [#6281](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6281) Fixes local variables in `mruby-binding`.
+- [#6283](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6283) Simplify `uvenv()`
+- [#6288](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6288) Detach `env` of ci explicitly on atexit
+- [#6289](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6289) Simplify `OP_RETURN_BLK` and `OP_BREAK`
+- [#6290](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6290) Allow to change the output directory name of the `libmruby` file
+- [#6293](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6293) Changed the instruction table in `opcode.md`
+- [#6294](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6294) Optimise `mrb_iv_get`
+- [#6302](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6302) Minor cleanup in mrb_str_init
+- [#6303](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6303) mrb_str_aset_m() should return replace instead of str
+- [#6305](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6305) Protect keyword arguments in `prepare_missing()`
+- [#6308](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6308) Assume that `MRB_CATCH()` has `mrb->exc` set
+- [#6310](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6310) Doubling the call stack when extending it
+- [#6311](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6311) Added fast-path for positional arguments less than 15 in `OP_SEND`
+- [#6312](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6312) Omit error checking at `OP_RETURN`, `OP_RETURN_BLK` and `OP_BREAK`
+- [#6313](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6313) Fix wrong column number in opcode.md
+- [#6314](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6314) Optimize even?/odd? for big integers
+- [#6318](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6318) Shrink variables in `mrb_vm_exec()`
+- [#6320](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6320) Shrinking the code in `OP_BREAK` and `OP_RETURN_BLK`
+- [#6321](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6321) Avoid warnings in `lib/**/*.rb`
+- [#6322](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6322) Fix mrb_ro_data_p on Intel Mac
+- [#6324](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6324) Remove `localjump_error()`
+- [#6327](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6327) fix ncurses linking issues
+- [#6328](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6328) Fix use-after-free in `obj_free()` for env objects
+- [#6329](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6329) Fix use-after-free in `mrb_obj_alloc()`
+- [#6330](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6330) Add a precondition to call `mrb_env_unshare()`.
+- [#6331](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6331) Restore the GC arena with tests
+- [#6332](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6332) Must not depend on the “host” build to generate `mruby-compiler/core/y.tab.c`
+- [#6333](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6333) Reduce the number of branch instructions in the `heap_p()`
+- [#6335](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6335) Add `return_ci` in `CHECKPOINT_MAIN()` of `OP_RETURN`
+- [#6338](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6338) Need to place static proc objects into 8-byte alignments
+- [#6340](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6340) Fix use-after-free for `Array#<=>`
+- [#6341](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6341) Need to restore the GC arena after some function calls
+- [#6344](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6344) prefer using `mrb_yield` to call block arguments
+- [#6347](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6347) codegen.c,parse.y: remove flattening of `yield` arguments; fix #6346
+- [#6348](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6348) Cancel the warning disablement
+- [#6349](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6349) Perform GC before deleting directories
+- [#6350](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6350) Fixed character encoding conversion function mismatch
+- [#6351](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6351) Remove unnecessary `mrb_gc_arena_restore()`
+- [#6353](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6353) Fix use-after-free in `mrb_ary_delete()`
+- [#6356](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6356) Making splat argument objects invisible from Ruby side
+- [#6373](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6373) Add build config for Milk-V Duo (RISC-V Linux) board
+- [#6382](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6382) Make array objects invisible in `mrb_gc_register()`
+- [#6385](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6385) Small improvements for `mrb_gc_register()`
+- [#6386](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6386) Avoid calling `mrb_gv_set()` from `mrb_gc_unregister()`
+- [#6387](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6387) Small improvements for `mrb_gc_unregister()`
+- [#6390](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6390) Fix use-after-free by `mrb_gc_unregistor()`
+- [#6391](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6391) Fixed argument forwarding in `instance_exec`
+- [#6392](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6392) Fix argument forwarding in `mrb_exec_irep()`
+- [#6393](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6393) Follow-up to #6391
+- [#6395](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6395) Storing method-id inside Symbol#to_proc
+- [#6396](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6396) Milk-V Build Config: update GPIO gem URL
+- [#6397](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6397) boxing_no.h: rename BOXNIX_SET_VALUE -> BOXNO_SET_VALUE
+- [#6399](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6399) Add macOS 15 to the build
+- [#6405](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6405) `io_read`: use `%i` instead of `%d` in call to `mrb_raisef`
+- [#6407](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6407) Allow to exclude specific files in `rake install`
+- [#6408](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6408) Improve compliance with C++ standards
+- [#6410](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6410) Put `#include <stdlib.h>` in `parse.y`
+- [#6412](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6412) Distinguish the call frame of the generator with `OP_RETURN_BLK`
+- [#6413](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6413) Add links to documentation in `README.md`
+- [#6415](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6415) Fix numbered parameters when used as a singleton
+- [#6416](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6416) Optimize the "new" method's iseq
+- [#6419](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6419) Follow Ruby's behavior for numbered parameters in -> {}
+- [#6420](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6420) Update `labeler.yml`: add label for the `tools` directory
+- [#6422](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6422) Add annotations for function names defined in the preprocessor
+- [#6423](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6423) Adding a serialized test task
+- [#6427](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6427) Need to update `ci` variable after re-entry to VM
+- [#6428](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6428) Change the limits of OP_ADDI and OP_SUBI from 0-127 to 0-255.
+- [#6429](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6429) Fix numbered parameters when used as hash keys
+- [#6432](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6432) Moving code in macro arguments out of macros
+- [#6434](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6434) Added document "Layout of the mruby filesystem"
+- [#6436](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6436) Make `rake doc:update-index` prettier friendly
+- [#6437](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6437) Add more details to the pre-commit config
+- [#6438](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6438) Remove unused `MRuby::Build#list_install_excludes` method
+- [#6440](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6440) Fix `redo` keyword
+- [#6442](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6442) Fixed wrong range condition in `OP_JMPUW`
+- [#6443](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6443) Fix NODE_NEGATE for bigints
+- [#6444](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6444) Add test cases for bigints
+- [#6446](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6446) Omit the `_WIN64` definition check
+- [#6447](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6447) Fixed `File.expand_path`
+- [#6448](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6448) Suppress presym in `mruby/ext/io.h` file
+- [#6449](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6449) Using presym in the `mruby-io/src/file_test.c` file
+- [#6450](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6450) Change `MRB_WITH_IO_PREAD_PWRITE` configuration name
+- [#6454](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6454) mruby-bigint: handle rhs bigint in int_mod and int_divmod functions
+- [#6455](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6455) mruby-bigint: fix rounding behavior in mpz_mdiv and mpz_mdivmod functions
+- [#6457](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6457) bigint: fix bug with division of a small number by a bigint
+- [#6459](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6459) `FileTest` is a module
+- [#6461](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6461) To create a release package file in draft
+- [#6462](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6462) Properly cast the return value of `memchr()`
+- [#6463](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6463) Add `level` argument to `File.dirname`
+- [#6465](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6465) Add initial playstation portable crossbuild support
+- [#6468](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6468) Fixed missing changes to `IB_FIND_BY_KEY()` parameter names
+- [#6469](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6469) Add more `const` qualifier for `RProc`
+- [#6472](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6472) Moved tests for `Integer#quo`
+- [#6473](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6473) Hide `mpz_and()` symbol
+- [#6473](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6473) Hide mpz_and() symbol
+- [#6474](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6474) Avoid array object creation with “unknown keyword” error
+- [#6475](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6475) Don't include deleted mruby-print
+- [#6478](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6478) Fixed buffer overrun in function `chars2bytes()`
+- [#6479](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6479) Reimplementation of `File.expand_path` method
+- [#6482](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6482) Add `File.absolute_path?` method
+- [#6487](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/6487) Add Emscripten toolchain & build_config

docker-compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+version: "3.8"
+services:
+  test:
+    build:
+      context: .
+    command: sh -c 'rake deep_clean && rake -m test:run:serial'
+    environment:
+      - MRUBY_CONFIG=ci/gcc-clang
+      - CC=gcc
+      - CXX=g++
+      - LD=gcc
+      - SKIP=check-executables-have-shebangs
+    working_dir: /app

examples/mrbgems/c_and_ruby_extension_example/README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-C and Ruby Extension Example
-=========
+# C and Ruby Extension Example
 
 This is an example gem which implements a C and Ruby extension.

examples/mrbgems/c_extension_example/README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-C Extension Example
-=========
+# C Extension Example
 
 This is an example gem which implements a C extension.

examples/mrbgems/cdata_extension_example/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# C Data Extension Example
+
+This is an example gem which implements a C extension with Data.

examples/mrbgems/cdata_extension_example/mrbgem.rake

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+MRuby::Gem::Specification.new('cdata_extension_example') do |spec|
+  spec.license = 'MIT'
+  spec.author  = 'mruby developers'
+
+  # Add compile flags
+  # spec.cc.flags << '-g'
+
+  # Add cflags to all
+  # spec.mruby.cc.flags << '-g'
+
+  # Add libraries
+  # spec.linker.libraries << 'external_lib'
+
+  # Default build files
+  # spec.rbfiles = Dir.glob("#{dir}/mrblib/*.rb")
+  # spec.objs = Dir.glob("#{dir}/src/*.{c,cpp,m,asm,S}").map { |f| objfile(f.relative_path_from(dir).pathmap("#{build_dir}/%X")) }
+  # spec.test_rbfiles = Dir.glob("#{dir}/test/*.rb")
+  # spec.test_objs = Dir.glob("#{dir}/test/*.{c,cpp,m,asm,S}").map { |f| objfile(f.relative_path_from(dir).pathmap("#{build_dir}/%X")) }
+  # spec.test_preload = 'test/assert.rb'
+
+  # Values accessible as TEST_ARGS inside test scripts
+  # spec.test_args = {'tmp_dir' => Dir::tmpdir}
+end

examples/mrbgems/cdata_extension_example/src/example.c

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#include <mruby.h>
+#include <mruby/string.h>
+#include <mruby/class.h>
+#include <mruby/data.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+static void mrb_foo_free(mrb_state *mrb, void *ptr) {
+  /* custom destructor */
+  mrb_free(mrb, ptr);
+}
+struct mrb_data_type mrb_foo_type = { "Foo", mrb_foo_free };
+
+struct Foo {
+  int bar;
+  char baz[32];
+};
+
+static mrb_value
+mrb_foo_initialize(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
+{
+  struct Foo *f;
+
+  f = (struct Foo*)mrb_malloc(mrb, sizeof(struct Foo));
+  f->bar = 0;
+
+  DATA_PTR(self) = f;
+  DATA_TYPE(self) = &mrb_foo_type;
+
+  return self;
+}
+
+static mrb_value
+mrb_foo_get_bar(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
+{
+  struct Foo *f;
+
+  f = (struct Foo*)mrb_data_get_ptr(mrb, self, &mrb_foo_type);
+  if (f == NULL) {
+    mrb_raise(mrb, E_RUNTIME_ERROR, "uninitialized data");
+  }
+
+  return mrb_fixnum_value(f->bar);
+}
+
+static mrb_value
+mrb_foo_set_bar(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
+{
+  struct Foo *f;
+  int v;
+
+  f = (struct Foo*)mrb_data_get_ptr(mrb, self, &mrb_foo_type);
+  if (f == NULL) {
+    mrb_raise(mrb, E_RUNTIME_ERROR, "uninitialized data");
+  }
+
+  mrb_get_args(mrb, "i", &v);
+
+  f->bar = v;
+
+  return mrb_fixnum_value(f->bar);
+}
+
+void
+mrb_cdata_extension_example_gem_init(mrb_state* mrb) {
+  struct RClass *class_foo;
+
+  class_foo = mrb_define_class(mrb, "Foo", mrb->object_class);
+  MRB_SET_INSTANCE_TT(class_foo, MRB_TT_CDATA);
+  mrb_define_method(mrb, class_foo, "initialize", mrb_foo_initialize, MRB_ARGS_NONE());
+  mrb_define_method(mrb, class_foo, "bar", mrb_foo_get_bar, MRB_ARGS_NONE());
+  mrb_define_method(mrb, class_foo, "bar=", mrb_foo_set_bar, MRB_ARGS_REQ(1));
+}
+
+void
+mrb_cdata_extension_example_gem_final(mrb_state* mrb) {
+  /* gem finalizer */
+}

examples/mrbgems/cdata_extension_example/test/example.c

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include <mruby.h>
+
+void
+mrb_cdata_extension_example_gem_test(mrb_state *mrb)
+{
+  /* test initializer in C */
+}

examples/mrbgems/mruby-YOUR-bigint/TODO-HINT.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Hints for creating your own bigint GEM
+
+This example gem, mruby-YOUR-bigint, is available under the Creative Commons Zero License (CC0).
+
+This file is placed for the purpose of describing hints for creating a `mruby-bigint` compatible GEM to realize multiple integers.
+
+The file structure in this example is as follows:
+
+```
++- mruby-YOUR-bigint/   <-  Make this directory public if necessary.
+    |                       Change the name of copied directory.
+    |
+    +- TODO-HINT.md     <-  You are currently viewing this file.
+    |                       Remove this from copied directory.
+    |
+    +- core/
+    |   |
+    |   +- bigint.c     <-  Body of the implementation.
+    |
+    +- mrbgem.rake      <-  GEM name is "mruby-bigint".
+                            May be depended on by other GEMs.
+```
+
+Implementers of their own bigints should copy below this directory to another directory and do the following:
+
+- Rewrite `spec.author`, `spec.license`, `spec.homepage` and `spec.summary` in `<gem-dir>/mrbgem.rake` file to those of your own implementers.
+- Implement the respective functions in `<gem-dir>/core/bigint.c`.
+  - Define and use an object structure for `MRB_TT_BIGINT` type-tag.
+    It is recommended to use `mrb_static_assert_object_size()` to ensure that the size of the object structure is within six words.
+- Delete this file from the destination of the copy.
+
+If you wish to use it as an alternative to the `mruby-bigint` provided by mruby, please leave the GEM name in `<gem-dir>/mrbgem.rake` as it is.
+This is an important factor when it is depended from other GEMs with `spec.add_dependency 'mruby-bigint'`.
+
+The name of the top directory of the GEM can be changed arbitrarily.
+The name of the Git repository can also be changed arbitrarily.
+
+Note that there is no need for an initialization function as there is in a normal GEM.
+If you need it, create a file `<gem-dir>/src/bigint.c` for example, and implement the `mrb_mruby_bigint_gem_init()` function.

examples/mrbgems/mruby-YOUR-bigint/core/bigint.c

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * If placed under the "mruby/examples/mrbgems/mruby-YOUR-bigint" directory,
+ * this file is available under the Creative Commons Zero License (CC0).
+ * Note that file is incomplete.
+ *
+ * TODO: If this file is copied and another implementation is written,
+ * remove this comment block from the copied file.
+ */
+
+#include <mruby.h>
+#include <mruby/numeric.h>
+
+/*
+ * The "mruby/internal.h" file should be placed after the other mruby header files.
+ */
+#include <mruby/internal.h>
+
+/*
+ * The "mruby/presym.h" file is placed at the end of the mruby header file.
+ */
+#include <mruby/presym.h>
+
+/*
+ * Define your own struct RBigint.
+ *
+ * - Object type must be MRB_TT_BIGINT.
+ * - If the structure is named RBigint, MRB_OBJ_ALLOC() can be used as is.
+ */
+struct RBigint {
+  /*
+   * Put MRB_OBJECT_HEADER before the first member of the structure.
+   */
+  MRB_OBJECT_HEADER;
+
+  /*
+   * Up to 3 words can be freely configured.
+   */
+  size_t len;
+  size_t capa;
+  uintptr_t *num;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Assert with mrb_static_assert_object_size() that the entire structure is within 6 words.
+ */
+mrb_static_assert_object_size(struct RBigint);
+
+/*
+ * The lower 16 bits of the object flags (`obj->flags`) can be used freely by the GEM author.
+ */
+#define MY_BIGINT_NEGATIVE_FLAG 1
+#define MY_BIGINT_NEGATIVE_P(obj) ((obj)->flags & MY_BIGINT_NEGATIVE_FLAG)
+
+/*
+ * Implement the functions declared in `#ifdef MRUBY_USE_BIGINT ... #endif` in the "mruby/internal.h" file.
+ */
+
+mrb_value
+mrb_bint_new_int(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_int x)
+{
+  struct RBigint *obj = MRB_OBJ_ALLOC(mrb, MRB_TT_BIGINT, mrb->integer_class);
+
+  ...
+
+  return mrb_obj_value(obj);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The implementation function continues...
+ */

examples/mrbgems/mruby-YOUR-bigint/mrbgem.rake

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+MRuby::Gem::Specification.new('mruby-bigint') do |spec|
+  spec.author = 'YOUR-NAME-HERE'
+  spec.license = 'YOUR-LICENSE-HERE'
+  spec.summary = 'Yet another multi-precision Integer extension'
+  spec.homepage = 'https://gem.example/for/mruby-YOUR-bigint'
+  spec.build.defines << 'MRB_USE_BIGINT'
+  #spec.build.linker.libraries << 'gmp' # when uses libgmp
+
+  spec.build.libmruby_core_objs << Dir.glob(File.join(__dir__, 'core/**/*.c')).map { |fn|
+    objfile(fn.relative_path_from(__dir__).pathmap("#{spec.build_dir}/%X"))
+  }
+end

examples/mrbgems/ruby_extension_example/README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-Pure Ruby Extension Example
-=========
+# Pure Ruby Extension Example
 
 This is an example gem which implements a pure Ruby extension.

examples/mrbgems/ruby_extension_example/mrbgem.rake

@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ MRuby::Gem::Specification.new('ruby_extension_example') do |spec|
   # Add libraries
   # spec.linker.libraries << 'external_lib'
 
-  spec.add_dependency('mruby-print', :core => 'mruby-print')
-
   # Default build files
   # spec.rbfiles = Dir.glob("#{dir}/mrblib/*.rb")
   # spec.objs = Dir.glob("#{dir}/src/*.{c,cpp,m,asm,S}").map { |f| objfile(f.relative_path_from(dir).pathmap("#{build_dir}/%X")) }